Late Edition
Today, rain becoming heavy, areas
VOL. CLXV . . . No. 57,131
Ted Cruz needs to win
early in a series of
conservative primaries
before the schedule
turns less favorable.
Caucus states, like
Iowa and Minnesota,
tend to draw more
conservative voters.
Iowa S.C. Nev.
FEB. 1 9 20 23
N.H.
If Marco Rubio can
survive Super Tuesday,
moderate states will
probably give him an
edge later on.
Rubio Campaign Dispatches Its Army and New Lines of Attack
By JEREMY W. PETERS
MANCHESTER, N.H. — Sena-
tor Marco Rubio of Florida land-
ed here at 2 a.m. on Tuesday,
bleary but beaming from a sur-
prisingly strong showing in Iowa,
and confronted growing expecta-
tions from his party’s establish-
ment that he may be the best
equipped to unite Republicans.
Mr. Rubio’s tally in Iowa —
where he received 23 percent of
the vote and came within one
point of Donald J. Trump — gave
his campaign another jolt of ener-
gy at a time when good fortune
seems to be breaking his way.
Wall Street financiers are in-
Solo Workers
Unite to Tame
Their Gig Jobs
By NOAM SCHEIBER
Last September, Dallas-area
drivers for UberBlack, the com-
pany’s high-end car service, re-
ceived an email informing them
that they would be expected to
start picking up passengers on
UberX, its low-cost option.
The next day, when the policy
was scheduled to go into effect,
dozens of drivers caravaned to
Uber’s office in downtown Dallas
and planted themselves outside
until company officials met with
them. Many had taken out loans
to buy luxury vehicles that cost
upward of $35,000, and worried
that the modest per-mile rate for
UberX passengers would barely
cover gas and wear and tear, to
say nothing of their car pay-
ments.
The standoff stretched across
nearly three more tense days un-
til Uber allowed them to opt out
of the policy. “They thought we
were just going to give up, walk
away,” said Kirubel Kebede, a
leader of the group. “But we said,
‘No, this is our livelihood.’”
In the rapid growth of the
online gig economy, many work-
ers have felt squeezed and at
times dehumanized by a business
structure that promises inde-
pendence but often leaves them
at the mercy of increasingly pow-
erful companies. Some are be-
ginning to band together in
search of leverage and to secure
what they see as fairer treatment
from the platforms that make the
work possible.
“We started realizing we’re not
Continued on Page A3
NATIONAL A11-17
Accuser’s Credibility Recalled
As Bill Cosby, center, appeared in court,
a former district attorney told why he
did not prosecute him in 2005. PAGE A12
Seeking Common Ground
President Obama held a rare meeting
with top congressional Republicans to
assess areas for compromise. PAGE A13
© 2016 The New York Times
Minn. Which States Cruz, Trump and Rubio Need to Win
To win the Republican nomination, the three
Alaska leading candidates must build diverse coalitions
of voters and capitalize on states where they
have natural strengths. Page A14.
Tenn.
Okla.
Kansas
Georgia
Me.
Idaho N.C.
Ark. La.
Miss.
Florida Arizona
Ala. Ky.
Hawaii
MARCH 1 5 8 15 22
Michigan Utah
Ohio
Texas
Mo.
Virginia
Illinois
Vt.
Mass.
creasingly moving to support
him, as disclosures this week by
a “super PAC” backing him made
clear. He picked up a coveted en-
dorsement in South Carolina
from Senator Tim Scott, the lone
black Republican in the Senate.
His campaign appears to be
leaving little to chance, aware
that a lackluster result here
would greatly diminish him. He
began a week of morning-to-
night campaigning early on Tues-
day, stopping at a diner before
dawn to work the room, field con-
gratulations and issue a plea for
support.
“We need your help,” he said.
“We’ve got a lot of work to do
here in New Hampshire.” As he
Wasil Ahmad, in an image from social media, was celebrated for his role against the Taliban.
A Combat Veteran, Killed in the Fourth Grade
By MUJIB MASHAL
and TAIMOOR SHAH
KABUL, Afghanistan — The
Afghan government declared
Wasil Ahmad a hero for leading a
militia’s defense against a Tali-
ban siege last year, parading him
in front of cameras in a borrowed
police uniform too big for him. On
Monday, the Taliban trium-
phantly announced that they had
assassinated him with two bullets
to the head.
Wasil Ahmad was 10 years old.
He was gunned down in Tirin
Kot city, the capital of southern
Oruzgan Province, just a few
months after leaving militia life
and enrolling in school as a
NATIONAL
Hard Times for Hero Police
The force in San Bernardino, Calif.,
praised after a massacre last year, is
laid low by budget cuts.
NEW YORK A18-19, 21
Former Police Officer Charged
A former officer faces charges of trans-
porting women in interstate commerce
to engage in prostitution.
INTERNATIONAL A4-10
Instead of Death, 800 Lashes
A Saudi court revised the sentence of a
poet convicted of apostasy.
NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Circles are sized by
the number of delegates
in each Republican
primary contest
Donald J. Trump could
assemble an unusual
coalition of states in the
South and the Northeast.
Wis.
APRIL 5 19 26
Del.
N.Y.
Pa.
Md.
R.I.
Conn.
Seizing the Chance to
Shift Donors and
Voters His Way
walked from table to table, one
well-wisher passed him a clear
plastic bag with several cigars in
it. Mr. Rubio, who is of Cuban de-
scent, accepted them and smiled.
“Maybe we’ll save them for Tues-
day night,” he said.
Many leaders of the Repub-
lican establishment, as they
praised Mr. Rubio over the past
six months, predicted that the
Taliban Gun Down a
Former Soldier, Age
10, in Afghanistan
fourth grader.
Wasil’s story is a painful exam-
ple of how child combatants con-
tinue to be a part of life in Af-
ghanistan, both in the ranks of
pro-government forces and
among the Taliban insurgents.
Rafiullah Baidar, a spokesman
for the Afghan independent hu-
man rights commission, said that
despite strict orders from Presi-
dent Ashraf Ghani last year
BUSINESS DAY B1-9
Future Yahoo Will Be Smaller
Yahoo said it would lay off about 15 per-
cent of its work force, consider selling
PAGE A11 some of its core assets and close offices
around the world.
An Attack Plan for Poverty
Economists, with disparate views, meet
in the middle on an anti-poverty strat-
egy, Eduardo Porter writes.
PAGE A19
FOOD D1-8
Reinventing Chinese Food
A new wave of Chinese chefs are trying
PAGE A4
to fuse the food of their ancestors with
more modern flavors.
172 Conservative
voters
71
16 Moderate
Colors show how many
Republican primary
voters in each state
are very conservative
W.Va.
S.D.
Ind.
Neb. Wash.
Mt.
MAY 3 10 17 24 JUNE 7
Ore. N.M.
California
N.J.
NATE COHN AND JOSH KELLER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Florida senator would become a
major force in the primary and
shift the race away from the more
conservative candidates. New
Hampshire may be that moment.
Mr. Rubio will be in the state ev-
ery day until the primary on
Tuesday. Scores of volunteers
will hit the streets with the goal
of reaching thousands of homes.
Last weekend they hit 10,000.
On the fund-raising front, his
team has begun a concerted and
continuous push to persuade do-
nors who are either undecided or
backing candidates like former
Gov. Jeb Bush of Florida that it is
time to climb aboard the Rubio
train. The pitch, which support-
Continued on Page A15
against using children in the mil-
itary, his commission continues
to receive reports of child sol-
diers in the Afghan forces, partic-
ularly in the Afghan Local Police
militias. The Taliban, he said,
used child soldiers, too, in recent
fighting in places like Kunduz
and Badakhshan, in the northern
part of the country.
Mr. Baidar said the provincial
government had broken the law
by parading Wasil in a police uni-
form after the Taliban siege was
lifted. But he also condemned the
Taliban’s killing of Wasil because
the boy had moved to a civilian
life.
“There was no threat from this
child to the armed opposition,”
Continued on Page A3
PAGE B1
ARTS C1-7
Stitching a Sense of Place
PAGE B1 Works by the African American Quilt
Guild of Oakland, Calif., capture many
facets of the city and its artists. PAGE C1
Met Maestro Finds Reprieve
Adjusting his medication may help
PAGE D1
James Levine, who has Parkinson’s dis-
ease and was facing retirement. PAGE C1
Challengers Are Energized
By Trump’s Loss in Iowa
G.O.P. Leaders Look to New Hampshire —
Clinton Vows a ‘Contest of Ideas’
By ALEXANDER BURNS
MANCHESTER, N.H. — Em-
boldened by Donald J. Trump’s
defeat in the Iowa caucuses, con-
servative leaders and rival candi-
dates for the Republican presi-
dential nomination began to chal-
lenge him aggressively in New
Hampshire on Tuesday, aiming to
cut into his wide lead here and
perhaps even to embarrass him
by denying him victory in a sec-
ond consecutive state.
Senator Ted Cruz of Texas,
having prevailed in Iowa, teased
Mr. Trump for having attacked
him bitterly on the way to an em-
barrassing loss. Jeb Bush re-
leased a commercial in which he
called Mr. Trump a man of “deep
insecurity and weakness.” Gov.
Chris Christie sarcastically called
him “Donald the Magnificent.”
And former Gov. John H. Sununu
of New Hampshire, an elder
statesman of the state Repub-
lican Party, branded Mr. Trump a
“loser” with a string of business
failures behind him.
For the first time, Republican
leaders opposed to Mr. Trump’s
candidacy said they believed
there was a chance to break his
grip on New Hampshire as the
party establishment closes ranks
around a smaller number of can-
didates and Mr. Trump faces new
threats on the right.
On the Democratic side, too,
the nomination fight quickly de-
scended on New Hampshire. Hil-
lary Clinton, who won in Iowa by
the narrowest of margins over
Senator Bernie Sanders, declared
in Nashua that she would battle
the Vermont senator in a “con-
test of ideas” here leading up to
the primary on Tuesday.
The state has been receptive to
Mrs. Clinton in the past, and re-
vived her candidacy in the 2008
primary after her defeat in Iowa
Streaming Era Dallas Reports
Wreaks Havoc A Case of Zika
On TV Raters Spread by Sex
By EMILY STEEL
Dennis Cheatham said he felt
as if he were receiving a message
from the past last May when a
package arrived in the mail from
Nielsen asking him to participate
in the survey that for decades has
detailed the television viewing
habits of Americans.
He was eager to take part, but
quickly ran into a problem. Mr.
Cheatham’s family canceled its
satellite subscription about five
years ago, and the roughly 20-
page timetable diary Nielsen pro-
vided for him to record his fam-
ily’s viewing made no room to log
the hours he, his wife and two
children spent streaming shows
on digital outlets like Netflix.
“I just kind of shoved it in there
and wrote Netflix wherever I
could,” said Mr. Cheatham, 40, a
professor of graphic design at Mi-
ami University in Oxford, Ohio.
“Is Nielsen not paying attention
to technology? Don’t they notice
that something has changed?”
Mr. Cheatham is not the only
one asking that question.
Nielsen, the 93-year-old com-
pany that has long operated an
effective monopoly over televi-
sion ratings in the United States,
is facing blistering criticism from
TV and advertising executives
who see it as a relic of television’s
rabbit-ears past as the digital
revolution transforms how peo-
ple consume entertainment. New
competition — notably the $768
million merger this week of the
media measurement companies
comScore and Rentrak — is forc-
Continued on Page B6
SPORTSWEDNESDAY B10-15
Heirloom Is Nuisance to N.F.L.
A North Carolina man has a recording
of Super Bowl I, but because of legal
threats, it remains in storage. PAGE B10
Super Bowl Is on League’s Turf
For about 25 years, the N.F.L. has been
replacing the entire field before every
Super Bowl played on grass. PAGE B12
EDITORIAL, OP-ED A22-23
Thomas L. Friedman
U(D54G1D)y+z!]!%!#!.
of flooding, windy, mild, high 58. To-
night, rain ending, winds subsiding,
low 49. Tomorrow, clouds and sun,
high 54. Weather map, Page A20.
$2.50
by Barack Obama.
But Mr. Sanders has held a
solid advantage in the New
Hampshire polls, and his cam-
paign has projected confidence
about its prospects. He told re-
porters that his performance in
Iowa was a show of strength
against Mrs. Clinton’s powerful
political operation, and vowed to
stay in the race until the Demo-
cratic convention in the summer.
It was the Republican race,
however, that appeared more un-
settled on Tuesday. Mr. Trump
has towered over the Republican
presidential race for months, but
the campaign here took on a dis-
tinctly new tenor and urgency in
the aftermath of Iowa.
For Mr. Cruz and Senator Mar-
co Rubio of Florida, the third-
place finisher in Iowa, the caucus
results were a pretext to argue,
more forcefully than ever, that it
was time for the party to pick
them instead of Mr. Trump.
Both senators hope to extend
their momentum in New Hamp-
shire, with Mr. Cruz looking to
peel away Mr. Trump’s support-
ers on the hard right and Mr. Ru-
Continued on Page A14
RICHARD PERRY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Hillary Clinton on Tuesday at
Nashua Community College.
By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.
and SABRINA TAVERNISE
A case of Zika virus infection
transmitted by sex, rather than
mosquito bite, was discovered in
Texas on Tuesday, a development
sure to complicate plans to con-
tain a global epidemic.
The Dallas County Health and
Human Services Department re-
ported that a patient with the
Zika virus was infected after hav-
ing sex with someone who had
returned from Venezuela, where
Zika is circulating.
After the report, the Centers
for Disease Control and Preven-
tion changed its advice to Ameri-
cans visiting regions in which the
Zika virus is spreading.
Men having sex after traveling
to these areas should consider
wearing condoms, officials said,
although they did not indicate for
how long this would be neces-
sary. Pregnant women should
avoid contact with semen from
men recently exposed to the vi-
rus, federal officials also said.
The agency plans to issue further
guidelines soon.
Infection of pregnant women
with the Zika virus has been
linked to birth defects in their in-
fants. But the infection is not usu-
ally life-threatening for others,
and produces symptoms only in
20 percent of patients.
But sexual transmission, ex-
perts said, adds a new level of dif-
ficulty to detecting and prevent-
ing Zika outbreaks, which may
require not just mosquito control
but also safe-sex education.
Continued on Page A17
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P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
PAGE A23
A2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Inside The Times
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1962 Thurgood Marshall, five years from becoming the first black associate justice of the Supreme Court, received the St.
Philip’s Rector’s Award from the Rev. Dr. M. Moran Weston at St. Philip’s Church in Harlem, the oldest black Episcopal par-
ish in New York. More unpublished images from The New York Times’s archives are at nytimes.com/blackhistory.
INTERNATIONAL
E.U. Woos Wavering Britain Neither Shadow Nor Mayor
With a Proposal to Stay At Groundhog Day Event
The European Union offered a plan
intended to keep Britain as a mem-
ber of the bloc, setting out compro-
mises on issues like immigration.
PAGE A4
Assad Forces Strike Aleppo
An offensive by Syrian government
forces in and around the northern
city of Aleppo cast a pall over United
Nations efforts to begin peace talks.
PAGE A6
U.S. Pledge Soothes Europe
Washington’s plan to quadruple mil-
itary spending in Central and East-
ern Europe, largely to counter Rus-
sia, was greeted warmly but warily
in the region. PAGE A8
North Korea Aims for Orbit
North Korea has notified the United
Nations that it is planning to launch
a long-range rocket this month to
put a satellite into orbit. PAGE A10
NATIONAL
Emergency Manager Quits
After Flint Water Debacle
The state-appointed emergency
manager of the Detroit Public
Schools, who had also managed the
city of Flint and oversaw the deci-
sion to draw its water from the Flint
River, has resigned. PAGE A11
Sex Equality in the Draft
Two generals said women should be
required to register for the draft
now that combat roles are open to
them. PAGE A13
Cash to Combat Drug Abuse
The Obama administration said it
would ask Congress to spend an ad-
ditional $1.1 billion next year to fight
painkiller and heroin abuse.
PAGE A13
Corrections
FRONT PAGE
Because of an editing error, an
article on Monday about micro-
cephaly, a condition in which ba-
bies are born with abnormally
small heads, referred imprecisely
to the number of cases in Brazil.
While there have been more than
4,000 suspected cases since Octo-
ber, officials have not yet con-
firmed them so it is still unknown
Errors and Comments:
nytnews@nytimes.com or call
1-844-NYT-NEWS
(1-844-698-6397).
Editorials: letters@nytimes.com
or fax (212) 556-3622.
Public Editor: Readers dissatisfied
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Unpublished Black History A Humble Hero
NEW YORK
Staten Island Chuck appeared be-
fore a crowd on Groundhog Day and
did not see his shadow, leading to a
prediction of an early spring. But
swirling at the ceremony were whis-
pers that Mayor Bill de Blasio had
purposely avoided the event after a
mishap in 2014. PAGE A18
BUSINESS
ChemChina Is Near Deal
To Acquire Syngenta
In what would be China’s largest-
ever foreign deal, the state-owned
China National Chemical Corpora-
tion is said to be close to acquiring
Syngenta of Switzerland, a huge
manufacturer of agriculture chemi-
cals and seeds. PAGE B1
Behind a Drug Price Rise
Martin Shkreli anticipated big prof-
its from raising the price of a dec-
ades-old drug, calling into question
any notion that helping patients was
his priority, according to informa-
tion released by congressional in-
vestigators. PAGE B1
Atlantic Data-Sharing Deal
European officials agreed to a deal
with the United States that would let
Google, Amazon and thousands of
other businesses continue moving
people’s digital data back and forth
across the Atlantic. PAGE B1
Revenue Falls for Oil Giants
BP posted a $3.3 billion fourth-quar-
ter loss, while Exxon Mobil, the
American industry’s largest player,
reported a 58 percent decline in its
quarterly profit. PAGE B2
Trouble at The Intercept
The news website The Intercept
said that one of its former reporters
had fabricated quotes and imper-
sonated sources. PAGE B7
if “there are thousands of these
children in Brazil.”
An article on Tuesday about
the Zika virus and the declaration
of an international public health
emergency by the World Health
Organization omitted part of the
name of the institution at George
Washington University where Dr.
Ron Waldman is a professor. It is
the Milken Institute School of
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ARTS
Kickstarter as Springboard
To a Grammy Nomination
Once viewed as a fringe area where
fledgling bands make earnest pleas
for help, Kickstarter and other
crowdfunding sites have become
part of the standard financial circuit
for musicians of all types, with re-
leases that are edging closer to the
mainstream. PAGE C1
A Surreal Korean Novel
Han Kang, a highly regarded author
in South Korea, is breaking through
to American readers with her dec-
ade-old book “The Vegetarian,”
which features some of the strang-
est erotic passages in literature.
PAGE C1
Future Hong Kong, 5 Ways
The new film “Ten Years” has be-
come a surprise hit in Hong Kong
theaters by imagining the city’s fu-
ture in five dystopian tales set in
2025, and tapping into fears of tight-
ening rule by Beijing. PAGE C4
FOOD
An Orange Ascends
From the Fruit Bowl
Once home to cotton fields, Bakers-
field, Calif., is now the center of an
epic agricultural boom that has in-
dustrialized a noble fruit, the man-
darin orange, and turned it into a
rising star. PAGE D1
A Star Chef’s Suicide
The apparent suicide of a prominent
Swiss chef has underscored a grow-
ing concern in the restaurant indus-
try that not enough is being done to
address mental health issues in a
profession of extreme stress.
PAGE D3
From Midtown to Paris
Benoit is the most perfect substitute
for a Paris bistro in New York City.
Restaurants, Pete Wells. PAGE D4
Public Health, not the Milken
School of Public Health.
BUSINESS DAY
An article on Tuesday about
the Grammy Fund for Music Cre-
ators, a lobbying organization
created by the National Academy
of Recording Arts and Sciences,
misspelled the first reference to
the surname of an official at the
fund. As the article correctly not-
ed in later references, he is Daryl
P. Friedman, not Freidman. The
article also erroneously included
a performing-rights group
among organizations that have
political action committees.
While Ascap has one, BMI does
not. It dissolved its PAC in 2010.
All advertising published in The New York Times
is subject to the applicable rate card, available from
the advertising department. The Times reserves the
right not to accept an advertiser’s order. Only publi-
cation of an advertisement shall constitute final ac-
ceptance.
The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to the
use for republication of all news dispatches credited
to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and local
news of spontaneous origin published herein. Rights
for republication of all other matter herein are also
reserved.
PATRICK A. BURNS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
QUOTATION OF THE DAY
‘‘ He fought like a
miracle. He was success-
fully leading my men on
my behalf for 44 days
until I recovered.
MULLAH ABDUL SAMAD,
an Afghan commander, on his
’’
nephew, Wasil Ahmad, a
10-year-old fourth grader who
was assassinated by the
Taliban. [A3]
SPORTS
A Celtic on the Short Side
Reaches the N.B.A.’s Heights
Last week, Isaiah Thomas, the Bos-
ton Celtics’ 5-foot-9 point guard, was
named a reserve for the Eastern
Conference All-Star team. The selec-
tion was another moment of valida-
tion for Thomas, whose relatively
small stature has made him the fo-
cus of perpetual doubt. PAGE B11
OBITUARIES
Gordon Goody, 85
He combined the rakishness of
James Bond with the bravado of Jes-
se James to help plot Britain’s dare-
devil Great Train Robbery in 1963.
PAGE B16
OP-ED
Frank Bruni PAGE A23
Crossword C6
Obituaries B16
TV Listings C7
Weather A20
Classified Ads B15
Commercial
Real Estate Marketplace B5
SPORTS
Because of an editing error, an
article on Saturday about the in-
crease in diagnosed concussions
in the 2015 N.F.L. season mis-
stated, in some copies, the per-
centage increase of concussions
across preseason and regular-
season games and practices from
2014. It was 31.6 percent, not 3.16
percent.
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OBITUARIES
An obituary on Tuesday about
the soprano Denise Duval mis-
stated the year she made her pro-
fessional debut, in “Cavalleria
Rusticana” with the Bordeaux
Opera, and the role she sang. It
was in 1942, not 1943, and the role
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
was Santuzza, not Lola.
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Arthur Sulzberger Jr., Chairman and Publisher
Mark Thompson, President and Chief Executive Officer
Laurena L. Emhoff, Treasurer
Diane Brayton, Secretary

An Uber driver cruising through a night-life district in Tampa, Fla., his car adorned with messages protesting Uber’s policies.
Solo Workers Unite to Tame Their Gig Jobs
From Page A1
contractors, we’re more like em-
ployees,” said Berhane Ale-
mayoh, one of the UberBlack
drivers in Dallas. “They tell us
what kind of car to drive. They
kick you out if a customer ac-
cused you of not having a clean
car. They started to tighten the
rope. Gradually, we can’t breathe
any more.”
Perhaps the most prominent
effort was a measure to give ride-
hailing drivers the right to un-
ionize in Seattle, which was ap-
proved by the City Council in De-
cember.
But while many campaigns by
alienated workers have shunned
this more traditional labor-organ-
izing approach, they have high-
lighted a basis for advancing the
interests of gig economy workers
collectively.
“There’s a sense of workplace
identity and group consciousness
despite the insistence from many
of these platforms that they are
simply open ‘marketplaces’ or
‘malls’ for digital labor,” said
Mary L. Gray, a researcher at
Microsoft Research and profes-
sor in the Media School at Indi-
ana University who studies gig
economy workers.
The efforts extend well beyond
drivers for Uber and its prime
competitor, Lyft. A group of cou-
riers who find work on the plat-
form Postmates is waging a cam-
paign to create an “I’m done af-
ter this delivery” button because
they worry that turning down
jobs will affect how many future
assignments they receive. (A
Postmates official said turning
down jobs had no effect on future
work, but that the company was
still sympathetic to the idea.)
The National Domestic Work-
ers Alliance, which organizes
nannies and housekeepers, re-
cently produced what it calls the
Good Work Code, which it has
urged gig economy companies to
adopt.
“They would be dispatched to
a home that didn’t feel safe, but
would be hesitant to exit them-
selves from that situation be-
cause it might affect their rat-
ings,” said Palak Shah, the alli-
ance official leading the effort,
citing one of several issues that
the Good Work Code is intended
to address. A handful of firms,
like Managed by Q, LeadGenius
and CareLinx, have embraced
the guidelines.
Similarly, a group of workers
on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk
platform, where people post and
accept piecework assignments,
An Afghan Combat Veteran, Killed in the Fourth Grade
From Page A1
Mr. Baidar said. “If they had tar-
geted him in a military base, then
they could have raised the ques-
tion of what was a child doing in a
military base. But he was target-
ed in front of his home.”
In many ways, a life of the gun
was chosen for Wasil before he
was born.
His uncle, Mullah Abdul
Samad, was a Taliban command-
er who decided four years ago to
switch sides to support the gov-
ernment along with 36 of his men,
including Wasil’s father. In re-
turn, the Afghan government ap-
pointed Mr. Samad commander
of about 70 Afghan Local Police
militiamen in Khas Oruzgan Dis-
trict.
Mr. Samad’s forces became the
government’s front against the
Taliban. He lost 18 men in the
Mujib Mashal reported from Ka-
bul, and Taimoor Shah from Kan-
dahar, Afghanistan.
in 2014 developed extensive
guidelines — including recom-
mended pay and the need to pro-
vide timely responses to ques-
tions — for academics who use
the platform for research pur-
poses. More than 60 academics
have signed on to date.
Though the so-called Turkers
tend to value the flexibility and
independence of freelancing and
often reject the idea of a tradi-
tional union, many have also de-
veloped a kind of working-stiff
identity. “I’ve heard them say
Jeff Bezos is their boss — we’re
workers here,” said Niloufar
Salehi, a Stanford Ph.D. student
who spent a year immersed in
Turker forums to help the work-
ers organize.
By contrast, sellers of goods on
digital marketplaces like eBay
and Etsy rarely think of them-
Uber drivers and
others seek leverage to
press demands, not
necessarily a union.
selves as employees. In their
minds, they say, they are inde-
pendent artisans and shopkeep-
ers.
“Etsy is the place where the
shop exists, where I pay rent,”
said Sandie Russo, a longtime
seller of hand-knit accessories
and knitting patterns who once
ran an online forum in which sell-
ers helped one another address
common problems. “It’s definite-
ly that you’re an entrepreneur,
not a worker.”
Like the Etsy shopkeepers,
many Uber drivers began their
relationship with the company
thinking of themselves as self-
employed.
“There is that sense initially,”
said Harry Campbell, a longtime
Uber driver who runs a popular
blog and podcast about ride-hail-
ing. “But as time goes on, it
wears off. You start to see that
Uber does control a lot of aspects
of the work.”
Unlike sellers on eBay or Etsy,
Uber drivers cannot set the
prices they charge. They are also
constrained by the all-important
rating system — maintain an av-
erage of around 4.6 out of 5 stars
from customers in many cities or
risk being deactivated — to be-
have a certain way, like not mar-
keting other businesses to pas-
fighting, including Wasil’s father.
Last summer, as the Taliban in-
tensified its offensives across the
country and the security in Oruz-
gan deteriorated, the noose
around Mr. Samad’s fighters
tightened, the Taliban besieging
them for more than two months,
Mr. Samad said in an interview.
About a month into the siege, a
Taliban attack wounded Mr.
Samad and 10 of his men. Wasil
took command of the defense,
Mr. Samad said.
“He fought like a miracle,” Mr.
Samad said, adding that Wasil
had fired rockets from a roof. “He
was successfully leading my men
on my behalf for 44 days until I
recovered.”
The siege was finally broken in
August, and Afghan and NATO
forces airlifted Mr. Samad and
his forces to a hero’s welcome in
Tirin Kot.
In a celebration hosted by
Rahimullah Khan, the deputy po-
lice chief of Oruzgan, Wasil was
the center of attention, wearing a
baggy police uniform with gar-
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
sengers.
The experience of the Dallas
UberBlack drivers is telling.
When Uber entered Dallas in
2012, many of the drivers were ei-
ther independent hired-car oper-
ators or contractors for limousine
companies who bought or leased
their own cars.
“Some had their own business,
they were fine with the business,”
Mr. Alemayoh said. “They just
used Uber as a complement.”
The drivers formed a tactical
alliance with the company to help
it gain the city’s approval, which
local cab operators resisted. Mr.
Alemayoh even sang Uber’s
praises in testimony before the
Houston City Council, after the
company asked him to speak
there as part of its expansion ef-
forts. “I said it’s fair to drivers to
have Uber,” he recalled. “I spoke
on their behalf, they didn’t pay
me.”
But the relationship began to
sour in 2014, when the company
decreed that drivers with cars
made before 2008 would no long-
er be able to participate in Uber-
Black.
“We said, ‘You guys are af-
fecting so many families,’” said
Mr. Kebede, a leader of a group
called the Association of Limou-
sine Owners and Operators of
Dallas Fort Worth, formed the
previous year. Uber extended the
grace period by several months
in some cases but did not reverse
the policy.
By the time Uber handed down
its UberX directive in September,
the drivers had long since recog-
nized that they were at the com-
pany’s beck and call. Because of
Uber’s popularity, almost all their
other sources of business had
dried up. And Uber had earned
the imprimatur of the City Coun-
cil, which made the drivers politi-
cally expendable, too.
So it was something of a sur-
prise that the drivers’ associa-
tion, which represents about 500
of the 2,000 to 3,000 black-car
drivers it believes are active in
the Dallas area, was able to push
Uber not only to scale back the
UberX change, but also to re-
instate several of the drivers it
had deactivated for pressuring
fellow drivers as the showdown
escalated.
Some continue to be deactivat-
ed for what they feel are arbi-
trary reasons, which Uber main-
tains are unrelated to the protest
(“Drivers have the right to free
expression and we respect that,”
said a company representative).
But to the extent that the Dallas
drivers have been successful, one
lands of plastic flowers around
his neck. Deputy Chief Khan pat-
ted him on the back as they posed
for pictures. Then the deputy
chief went around with wads of
cash, handing it to the rescued
men. Pictures of Wasil — helmet
on, assault rifle in hand — circu-
lated widely on social media.
But that was supposed to be
the end of it. Wasil’s family en-
rolled him in a school near their
new rented home in Tirin Kot.
Though he was not a good stu-
dent, he excelled with a tutor his
uncle hired for him at home,
growing proficient in English
over five months, relatives said.
Still, they said, he always spoke
of military matters and wanted to
play with weapons and drive po-
lice vehicles as a hobby.
“He was not really interested
in education because he was
highly encouraged by police offi-
cials and awarded medals for his
bravery,” said Ezatullah Khan, a
former neighbor of the family’s.
Mohammad Karim Khadimzai,
the provincial council chief of
N A3
©T&CO. 2016
LUKE JOHNSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
TIFFANY ENGAGEMENT
crucial advantage is that they
were able to organize in person
rather than depend exclusively
on the Internet and social media. 800 843 3269 | TIFFANY.COM
That also helps explain the suc-
cess of the campaign in Seattle,
where Uber had previously re-
versed a rate cut after facing
pressure from drivers. (Uber
maintains that the reversal was
unrelated.) “The drivers have
gone out and talked to each oth-
er,” said Dawn Gearhart, a
spokeswoman in the area for the
Teamsters union, which provides
support services to local drivers.
“Every time they would call a
meeting, a couple hundred peo-
ple would show up.”
Since the beginning of the year,
drivers in cities like New York
and San Francisco have relied on
a similar local focus to organize
protests over rate cuts. Hundreds
of drivers descended on Uber’s
headquarters in Queens on Mon-
day to demand that the old rates
be restored.
In the Tampa area, drivers
have protested cuts that brought
rates down to 65 cents a mile
from 95 cents as of early January,
and from $1.20 as recently as last
spring. Net earnings for drivers
there can come perilously close
to subminimum wage rates on a
15- to 20-minute trip in town once
they factor in pickup and wait
times and the cost of gas, depre-
ciation and maintenance.
“We sometimes lower prices in
a city to get more people using
Uber,” said an Uber representa-
tive. “As we have always said,
price cuts need to work for driv-
ers. If they do not, we will roll
them back.”
In response, the Tampa area
drivers started a weekly logout of
an hour or two during peak peri-
ods for weekend revelers. During “Lady Dior” bag
that time, they write messages in cristals and pearls studded, white calfskin
on their windows about what
they consider unlivable wages.
The group has grown rapidly to a 57th Street - Soho
network of 700 drivers who com- 800.929.dior (3467) Dior.com
municate via an app-based walk-
ie-talkie service called Zello.
The Tampa drivers’ goal is to
enlist Uber’s most politically
valuable asset — legions of cus-
tomers who have grown depend-
ent on the service — to help send
a message to Uber. Over time,
THE UN-
they hope to extend the logouts
to several hours, perhaps even a
full day on the weekend.
“It’s a little blip on Uber’s ra-
dar,” said Josh Streeter, one of
the leaders. “But then people
SNEAKER
might believe they have the pow-
er. That if they band together,
they could pull off a bigger ac-
tion.”
Oruzgan, said he had disagreed
with the police’s promotion of
Wasil and his actions, even
though the boy had bravely
stepped forward at a desperate
time during the Taliban’s assault.
“A program was held at the po-
lice headquarters, where his
bravery and courage was talked
about by officials,” Mr. Khadim-
zai said. “I was against this move
and told the officials that instead
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
of encouraging him to military
activities that will ruin his future,
let him go to school. He is too
young to hand him a gun.”
On Monday, as Wasil walked Ah, the comfort of a sneaker
out of the house to buy vegeta- and the style of … not-a-sneaker.
bles, an armed man on a motor-
That’s pure Hubbard. Because your feet
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
cycle shot him twice in the head
and escaped, his uncle said. The deserve to look good and feel good.
boy was buried in Tirin Kot, in
the Shahidano graveyard. He left
behind two younger brothers.
The Taliban claimed responsi-
bility on their website, saying
they had killed a stooge mili-
tiaman.
Available in 9 Colors 844.482.4800
A4 N

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Saudis Spare
Poet His Life,
But He’ll Get
800 Lashes
By BEN HUBBARD
RIYADH, Saudi Arabia — A
court in Saudi Arabia on Tuesday
revised the punishment given to
a stateless Palestinian poet con-
victed of apostasy, reducing it
from death to eight years in pris-
on, 800 lashes and public repen-
tance, his lawyer said.
The poet, Ashraf Fayadh, had
been sentenced to beheading be-
cause of the apostasy conviction
announced in November, based
partly on his published poetry.
The sentence stirred outrage
among international artists and
human rights groups at a time
when Saudi officials were seek-
ing to rebut comparisons be-
tween their application of Sharia
law and the practices of the Is-
lamic State extremist group.
The sentence also came near
the end of a year in which the
Saudi authorities carried out the
highest number of executions
here in two decades, and just be-
fore a mass execution of 47 men
on terrorism charges, including a
Shiite cleric who had called for
the downfall of the royal family.
Mr. Fayadh, 35, was not a
known dissident. He was born in
Saudi Arabia to a stateless family
of Palestinian origin, meaning
GORDON WELTERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
that has no citizenship; he car-
ries identification documents is-
DÜSSELDORF JOURNAL sued by Egypt.
He was active in Saudi Ara-

Carnival Forecast: A Storm of Satire

By ALISON SMALE
DÜSSELDORF, Germany — Every year, as the
great Carnival parade before Lent approaches, this
wealthy Rhineland city buzzes with the question:
Whom will Jacques Tilly, master float builder, skew-
er this time?
Using art to take aim at politicians and other
powers that be is a tradition born of nearly two cen-
turies of Carnival satire in the Rhineland of Germa-
ny. Today, it is a custom that is growing ever more
pertinent — even perilous.
Last year, Mr. Tilly defied worries about retri-
bution from Islamic extremists and took on the as-
sailants of the French satirical weekly newspaper
Charlie Hebdo.
The year before, when President Vladimir V.
Putin of Russia seized Crimea just two days before
the big parade, Mr. Tilly and five co-workers built a
giant timber and papier-mâché float showing Mr.
Putin with his forearm bulked up, Popeye-style,
with a large muscle called Crimea in the form of a
ticking bomb.
bia’s small contemporary arts
scene and had worked to make it
better known. He curated shows
at home and abroad, and in 2013
was interviewed on a Saudi tele-
This year, the question is whether and how Mr. vision station about an exhibition
Tilly will tackle Germany’s top topics of conversa- he had organized in the Saudi city
tion: the more than one million asylum seekers who of Jiddah called Mostly Visible.
Berlin
arrived last year and the New Year’s Eve assaults, His legal troubles began when
many of them linked to migrants, on scores of wom- he was arrested in 2013 in the city
en in nearby Cologne. of Abha in southwestern Saudi
Düsseldorf Mr. Tilly, 52, dapper even in red worker overalls
Arabia after an argument in a
and resembling a playful puppet master, is giving cafe. He was released without
GERMANY
ER CZECH nothing away. Proud to show off his creations at his charge, but rearrested later and
REP. cavernous, drafty workshop, he steadfastly refused accused of blasphemy and illicit
to say what stands inside the giant tent that domi- relationships with women. The
nates the courtyard where the secret “political” charges were based on photo-
FRANCE floats are hidden.
graphs and the contents of his po-
AUSTRIA Carnival here hardly shares the fame of the col- etry book published abroad years
SWITZ. orful, dancing celebrations in Rio de Janeiro, or of
before, according to court docu-
THE NEW YORK TIMES Mardi Gras in New Orleans. Outside Germany, it is ments.
Jacques Tilly, a well-known something of a secret that the cities and towns in the He was found guilty and sen-
float builder, with one of his Rhine river valley go wild, too. tenced to four years in prison and
But for five days starting on Thursday, up to 800 blows. But that sentence was
designs on Monday in Düssel- one million people will swill beer and take to the
dorf. Politicians are popular thrown out on appeal, and Mr.
streets here, as well as in Cologne and Mainz. In the Fayadh was retried and sen-
targets at the Carnival parade. Continued on Page A10 tenced to death.
While some Saudi officials
have said privately that the sen-
tence was too harsh, the king-
dom’s judiciary is controlled by
deeply conservative clerics who

Britain Receives Proposals for ‘Better Deal’ to Stay in the E.U.
By STEPHEN CASTLE
LONDON — The European
Union offered a proposal on
Tuesday intended to keep Britain
as a member of the bloc, setting
out compromises on hot-button
issues like immigration and set-
ting up a referendum as early as
this summer on whether the
country wants to retain close ties
to the Continent or go its own
way.
The proposal, drafted by the
European Council president,
Donald Tusk, addressed all the
issues that Prime Minister David
Cameron had insisted be revisit-
ed if he was to campaign to keep
Britain in the union. But it re-
mained vague on some crucial
points, and in any case was un-
likely to sway those most com-
mitted to Britain’s exit from the
bloc.
Mr. Cameron’s task in the
months before the referendum is
to rally enough supporters of
continued membership and win
over enough of those on the
fence to avert a vote to leave, a
choice that many predict could
have global ramifications.
Written after weeks of diplo-
macy, the dense texts still need
to be approved by leaders of the
other 27 members of the bloc,
who, along with Britain, will
meet for a crucial summit meet-
ing in Brussels this month. A
deal there could pave the way for
a British referendum as early as
June.
Prime Minister David Cameron spoke to workers at a Siemens factory on Tuesday in Chippen-
ham, England. He spoke approvingly of a new proposal to keep Britain in the European Union.
final agreement and more work
was needed, “strong, determined
and patient negotiation has
achieved a good outcome for
Britain.”
Immediate reaction was divid-
ed along well-established lines,
with critics of the European Un-
ion denouncing the proposals as
insubstantial.
Conservative Party, Home Secre-
tary Theresa May, signaled cau-
tious support for the plan on
Tuesday, describing it a “basis”
for a deal.
The most delicate issue on the
table was Mr. Cameron’s call for
the right to restrict welfare bene-
fits for non-British citizens of Eu-
ropean Union countries, namely
POOL PHOTO BY BEN PRUCHNIE
based on costs in the nation
where the child lives.
Mr. Cameron’s welfare propos-
als were seen by some nations,
most notably in Eastern Europe,
as a breach of the principle that
all European Union citizens
should be treated equally.
In a letter accompanying the
release of the documents, Mr.
that a treaty commitment to
“ever closer union among the
peoples” of Europe would not
bind Britain to the goal of politi-
cal union.
Instead the proposals argued
that this was “compatible with
different paths of integration,”
does “not compel all Member
States to aim for a common desti-
nation” and allows for “an evolu-
tion towards a deeper degree of
integration among the Member
States that share such a vision of
their common future, without
this applying to other Member
States.”
Another proposal ensured
safeguards for the large financial
sector in Britain, which decided
to keep the pound rather than
adopt the euro. The British gov-
ernment worries that, as the 19
nations that use the single cur-
rency integrate further, rules
might be skewed against Euro-
pean Union nations that do not.
Offering such guarantees to
Britain is sensitive in some euro-
zone nations, such as France.
In another concession, Euro-
pean Union legislation could be
blocked if enough national par-
liaments oppose a measure,
though critics doubt that that
would be easy to deploy.
Mr. Cameron’s enthusiasm for
the plan is crucial because those
who want Britain to stay in the
bloc believe his opinion will
prove decisive with the public in
a referendum.
He argues that, inside Eu-
have great latitude to define
crimes and issue punishments
they deem appropriate.
Saudi courts have given simi-
larly harsh sentences to those
they see as a threat to the reli-
gious nature of the state. In 2014,
they sentenced Raef Badawi, a
liberal blogger who had criticized
the religious establishment, to 10
years in prison, a large fine and
1,000 blows, to be delivered in
multiple floggings. The public ad-
ministration of the first 50 blows
last year caused international
condemnation, and Mr. Badawi
has not been publicly caned
since, although he remains in
prison.
Mr. Fayadh’s lawyer, Abdul-
rahman al-Lahim, appealed the
case, and the court announced
the new sentence on Tuesday, ac-
cording to a statement Mr. Lahim
posted on his Twitter account.
The statement said the judges
still considered Mr. Fayadh guilty
but had withdrawn the death
penalty, sentencing him instead
to eight years in prison and 800
blows, to be administered 50 at a
time. Mr. Fayadh would also have
to publicly denounce his writings
in official Saudi news media, the
statement said.
Mr. Lahim said he would file a
new appeal.
Saudi officials have not com-
mented on Mr. Fayadh’s case,
and they did not respond to re-
quests for comment.
“From our perspective, this
shouldn’t even be a case,” said
Adam Coogle, a researcher at
Human Rights Watch.
“You have gotten rid of the
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Not only would a British exit
from the bloc cause acute eco-
nomic uncertainty in and beyond
Britain, it could also trigger an
existential crisis for the union,
which has struggled in vain to re-
act coherently to a growing wave
of migration from the Middle
Nigel Farage, leader of the
U.K. Independence Party, called
them “truly pathetic.” Steve
Baker, a Conservative Party law-
maker who also wants Britain to
quit the bloc, said that “nothing
in it would stand up to serious
scrutiny.”
by limiting access to “in work”
payments that typically supple-
ment the earnings of low-wage
employees.
These curbs could apply for up
to four years, and the documents
published on Tuesday state that
the scale of immigration into
Tusk defended his attempt to bal-
ance British demands against
the sensitivities of other coun-
tries. “To my mind, it goes really
far in addressing all the concerns
raised by Prime Minister Camer-
on,” Mr. Tusk wrote. “The line I
did not cross, however, were the
rope’s single market, but outside
its euro single currency and the
passport-free Schengen travel
zone, Britain could have the
“best of both worlds” if it suc-
ceeds in its negotiation.
Britain voted in 1975 to stay in
what was then called the Euro-
death penalty, which I guess is
good, but eight years and 800
blows is a ludicrous price to pay
for a speech crime,” he said.
PEN America, a press-freedom
advocacy group that had pub-
licized Mr. Fayadh’s conviction
and punishment, also had a
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

East and elsewhere.
Mr. Cameron has said that he
wants to negotiate a “better
deal” from the bloc, one that
would then allow him to cam-
paign for the country to stay. On
Tuesday, speaking in Chippen-
ham, England, Mr. Cameron
called the new plan a “very
strong and powerful package,”
adding that, while there was no
But Carolyn Fairbairn, direc-
tor general of the Confederation
of British Industry, a business
lobby group, described the offer
as “an important milestone on
the way to a deal that could de-
liver positive changes to the E.U.
that will benefit not just the U.K.,
but the whole of Europe.”
Significantly, one senior euro-
skeptic figure in Mr. Cameron’s
Britain would justify them. How-
ever, it also stipulated that there
would need to be a final agree-
ment among the 28 nations for
the restrictions to kick in.
Plans would also be drawn to
reduce the “child benefit” pay-
ments to workers whose children
have not accompanied them to
Britain. This plan would involve
Britain paying a lower amount
principles on which the Euro-
pean project is founded.”
In a Twitter post, Tomas Prou-
za, the Czech minister for Euro-
pean affairs, described the mech-
anism as “acceptable” but said
there would be a crucial debate
over how long the restrictions
would apply.
Mr. Tusk’s proposals also of-
fered assurances to Mr. Cameron
pean Economic Community,
which it had joined two years
earlier, but has held no plebi-
scites on European issues since.
On Tuesday Mr. Cameron said
that, providing that the deal is
reached, he would not argue that
“the European Union is now a
perfect and unblemished organ-
ization” but that “on balance,
Britain is better off” inside it.
mixed reaction.
“Our relief that Ashraf no long-
er faces beheading is diminished
by the extended injustice and
mercilessness of the new sen-
tence dealt to him for the simple
human act of artistic expres-
sion,” said Karin Deutsch Karle-
kar, the director of Free Expres-
sion Programs at PEN America.
“Words do not constitute crimes.”
 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N A5

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A6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Yazidis from Sinjar Province in Iraq after their arrival on the Greek island of Lesbos in November. Yazidis have faced persecution from the Islamic State.
A Muslim Call for Tolerance of Religious Minorities
Conference of Scholars Produces Declaration on Protection of Christians, Jews and Others
By AIDA ALAMI
MARRAKESH, Morocco — At
a recent conference held by Mus-
lim scholars to confront violence
in the Islamic world, a represent-
ative of the Yazidi religious mi-
nority in Iraq and Syria said his
people desperately needed pro-
tection from the Islamic State.
“Please help us,” said Hadi
Baba Sheikh, the Yazidi repre-
sentative. “They are killing us
and kidnapping our women and
children.”
The gathering here of about
300 muftis, theologians and schol-
ars last month responded far
more broadly by issuing the Mar-
rakesh Declaration, which calls
for Muslim countries to tolerate
and protect religious minorities
living within their borders —
among them Christians, Jews,
Hindus and Bahais as well as
Yazidis and Sabians.
They cited the Charter of Medi-
na, established by the Prophet
Muhammad after he fled to Medi-
na, in what is now Saudi Arabia,
from Mecca in the seventh centu-
ry to escape an assassination
plot.
“The Medina Charter estab-
lished the idea of common citi-
zenship regardless of religious
belief,” said Sheikh Abdallah bin
Anti-ISIS Coalition Will Intensify Military Efforts, Kerry Says
By JULIE HIRSCHFELD DAVIS
ROME — Secretary of State
John Kerry said on Tuesday that
members of the American-led co-
alition fighting the Islamic State
had agreed at a meeting here to
intensify their efforts to defeat
the group, but he ruled out send-
ing United States forces to in-
tervene in Libya, where the Sun-
ni extremists are pressing to
claim territory.
The United States and 22 other
nations agreed to “a very specific
schedule” for backing the forma-
tion of a national unity govern-
ment in Libya, Mr. Kerry said,
and discussed contributions that
would be needed from each na-
tion to stabilize Iraq and address
the humanitarian crisis in Syria.
“Every single country there
agreed that each of us has to do
Maher Samaan contributed re-
porting from Beirut, Lebanon.
Find Us on Facebook.com/frankstellanyc
Bayyah, a Mauritanian religious
scholar and a professor of Islamic
studies in Saudi Arabia who
helped convene the meeting, in a
speech. “Enough bloodshed. We
are heading to annihilation. It is
time for cooperation.”
Since it was issued last
Wednesday, the declaration has
been welcomed by many, though
with some skepticism, and it is
only now beginning to gain wider
circulation. Some experts said
they doubted that the meeting
would have lasting impact be-
cause it did not include repre-
sentatives of more extremist
movements, like the Muslim
Brotherhood. They also said the
groups that did attend do not
have great sway over young peo-
ple.
“These efforts are compro-
mised from the get-go because of
their association with states that
don’t have legitimacy among
young, angry, frustrated Muslim
youths in the Arab world,” said
Shadi Hamid, a senior fellow at
the Brookings Institution in
Washington and the author of
“Islamic Exceptionalism: How
the Struggle Over Islam is Re-
shaping the World,” who did not
attend the conference. “It’s
something that appeals to West-
ern governments, but what’s the
more in order to more rapidly
and completely defeat Daesh,”
Mr. Kerry told reporters as he
wrapped up a day of meetings in
Rome devoted to planning the
next stages of the battle against
the group, using an Arabic acro-
nym to refer to it.
But he said President Obama
had made clear that he had no ap-
petite for sending American
troops into Libya. “The president
will never eliminate every option
forever, if common sense dictated
that the situation changed, or it
required him to adjust, but that’s
not in his horizon at the moment,”
Mr. Kerry said.
Mr. Kerry warned earlier on
Tuesday that the group, also
known as ISIS or ISIL, was
threatening to gain a “strangle-
hold” in Libya and with it access
to vast oil wealth.
Paolo Gentiloni, the foreign
minister of Italy, and Laurent Fa-
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follow-up?”
“The targeted audience should
be people who are predisposed to
radicalism,” he continued. “A
young Muslim who is intrigued
by the Islamic State of Iraq and
Syria would be more likely to lis-
ten to a Salafi scholar than a tra-
ditionalist scholar.”
Yet for the representatives of
persecuted religious minorities
who attended the meeting or fol-
lowed the proceedings from afar,
A stand welcomed by
many, but also viewed
with skepticism.
the gathering and the document
it produced were a hopeful sign
that influential Muslim leaders
and scholars were grappling with
a serious problem.
“I think the declaration is im-
portant because it sets a stand-
ard for accountability,” said the
Rev. Susan Hayward, director of
religion and inclusive societies at
the United States Institute of
Peace and a minister in the Unit-
ed Church of Christ, who attend-
ALBERTO PIZZOLI/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
Secretary of State John Kerry in Rome on Tuesday. He said the
United States had no intention of sending forces into Libya.
bius, the foreign minister of
France, also said their govern-
ments were not currently con-
templating military operations
inside Libya.
For now, the coalition plans to
work with Martin Kobler, the
United Nations envoy for Libya,
to help the country form a unity
government, said Mr. Kerry. He
said that process was crucial to
prevent it from sliding into the
hands of the Islamic State.
“We’re still not at the victory
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ed the conference. “This is a call
for action.”
She said those who took part in
the conference had the clout to
cultivate sustainable peace ef-
forts in their homelands. Muslim
participants came from 120 coun-
tries, and the conference also
drew representatives of many
other faiths. It was sponsored by
King Mohammed VI of Morocco
and the Forum for Promoting
Peace in Muslim Societies, which
is based in the United Arab Emir-
ates.
“Conditions in various parts of
the Muslim world have deterio-
rated dangerously due to the use
of violence and armed struggle
as a tool for settling conflicts and
imposing one’s point of view,” the
declaration said.
“This situation has also weak-
ened the authority of legitimate
governments and enabled crimi-
nal groups to issue edicts attrib-
uted to Islam, but which, in fact,
alarmingly distort its fundamen-
tal principles and goals in ways
that have seriously harmed the
population as a whole.”
President Obama hailed the
conference last Wednesday at a
ceremony held in Washington to
honor recipients of the Righteous
Among the Nations Awards,
that we want to achieve and will
achieve in either Syria or Iraq,
and we have seen Daesh playing
a game of metastasizing out to
other countries, particularly Lib-
ya,” he said as the meetings be-
gan. “The last thing in the world
you want is a false caliphate with
access to billions of dollars of oil
revenue.”
Mr. Kerry said that the coali-
tion’s gains in pushing back the
Islamic State in Iraq and Syria
were “undeniable,” but that its
members had to do more to sus-
tain the success. On Tuesday,
some countries were asked to
provide additional training, med-
ical supplies or other services for
Iraqis, while Norway agreed to
help clear mines from liberated
areas of Iraq, including Ramadi,
where the Islamic State left be-
hind explosives and booby-
trapped buildings.
At a conference in London on
Thursday, Mr. Kerry said, the
United States and other nations
will announce additional humani-
tarian aid for Syria, where he
said 13.5 million people, including
SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
which honor non-Jews who res-
cued Jews during the Holocaust.
“We know that there were
Muslims — from Albanians to Ar-
abs — who protected Jews from
Nazis,” Mr. Obama said. “In Mo-
rocco, leaders from Muslim-ma-
jority countries around the world
just held a summit on protecting
religious minorities, including
Jews and Christians.”
The conference did not address
tensions within Islam itself, or
the discrimination and persecu-
tion Muslims sometimes face at
the hands of other Muslims. It
also did not address the concern
that many of the participants rep-
resented countries with poor hu-
man rights records.
Hatem Bazian, a lecturer in
Near Eastern studies at the Uni-
versity of California, Berkeley,
and editor of The Islamophobia
Studies Journal, was doubtful
that the declaration would
amount to much. He did not at-
tend the conference, but followed
it closely via the Internet.
“Overwhelmingly, Muslim pop-
ulations will be in agreement
with this declaration,” he said.
But “the overall picture is that
civil society discourses have
been captured by extremists
across the board.”
six million children, were in ur-
gent need. Next week in Munich,
diplomats will discuss “addition-
al contributions” that can be
made by a group of nations push-
ing for a resolution of Syria’s civil
war, he said. And defense min-
isters of the coalition countries
will assemble for the first time
next week in Brussels to talk
about expanding the military of-
fensive against the Islamic State.
“We are committed to using
every resource at our disposal in
order to remain on the offensive
on every front,” Mr. Kerry said.
He described a United Nations-
led effort unfolding in Geneva to
bring about a political solution to
the Syrian conflict as a vital piece
of that process, calling President
Bashar al-Assad “a magnet for
terrorism” and accusing his gov-
ernment of war crimes for pre-
venting humanitarian relief ef-
forts to reach starving Syrians.
“Starvation as a tactic of war is
against the laws of war, and it is
being used every single day as a
tactic by the Assad regime,” Mr.
Kerry said at the start of the
gathering. He said there was an
urgent need for the talks in Ge-
neva to deliver a cease-fire, im-
mediate humanitarian assistance
and protection for civilians at
risk from daily airstrikes.
“It would help enormously if
those who say they are there to
fight Daesh fight Daesh,” Mr.
Kerry said later, apparently re-
ferring to Russian forces that
have carried out airstrikes far
from the Islamic State’s strong-
holds, in areas dominated by
anti-Assad rebels.
His remarks came amid re-
ports of a government drive in
northern Syria that threatened
supply lines from Turkey to rebel
forces in and around the Syrian
city of Aleppo. The new offensive,
backed by heavy Russian air-
strikes, threatened to render
meaningless the Geneva talks.
Assad Forces
Strike Aleppo,
Complicating
Peace Talks
By NICK CUMMING-BRUCE
GENEVA — A major offensive
by Syrian government forces
backed by intensive Russian air-
strikes in and around the north-
ern city of Aleppo on Tuesday
cast a pall over United Nations
efforts to draw government and
opposition delegates assembled
in Geneva into substantive peace
talks.
A day after the United Nations
mediator, Staffan de Mistura, de-
clared that the first Syrian peace
talks in two years had officially
begun, both sides lost little time
contradicting him and turning at-
tention to the bloody toll of the
conflict he has been trying to end.
The head of the Syrian govern-
ment delegation, Bashar al-Jaafa-
ri, emerged from more than two
hours of morning talks with Mr.
de Mistura, telling reporters that
conditions were not yet right for
the start of official talks.
“We are in the preparatory
stage before the official launch of
indirect negotiations,” he said,
claiming that Mr. de Mistura had
himself now realized the error of
his assertion.
The opposition, he added,
should condemn the suicide
bombing at a revered Shiite
shrine near Damascus on Sunday
that killed more than 40 people.
The Islamic State, which is not
participating in the peace talks,
has claimed responsibility for
that attack.
Members of the opposition del-
egation did not appear for a
meeting that had been scheduled
with Mr. de Mistura on Tuesday
afternoon. Instead, they gathered
outside the United Nations of-
fices in Geneva in a sharp winter
wind to protest against “a mas-
sive acceleration” of Russian and
government attacks on areas
around Homs and Aleppo.
The intensity of the bombing
was “unprecedented,” Hind
Kabawat, an opposition delegate
said. “We’ve never seen anything
like this.”
Farah Atassi, a member of the
opposition delegation, said, “The
targets, as always, are over-
whelmingly civilians.”
“The regime’s and Russia’s ac-
tions gravely threaten the politi-
cal process,” she added, urging
international action “to ensure
the credibility of this process.”
The Britain-based Syrian Ob-
servatory for Human Rights said
government forces had taken the
strategic village of Hardatnin
north of Aleppo, continuing an
advance that threatens critical
supply lines between opposition
positions and the Turkish border.
Heavy bombing and casualties
were also reported near Moad-
hamiyeh, a rebel-held area south-
west of Damascus, and a doctor
at a field hospital there said 11
people had been killed and more
than 170 wounded in the past few
days.
Opposition delegates in Ge-
neva insist that talks cannot be-
gin until the government offen-
sive has been halted and
progress has been made on a
range of humanitarian issues, in-
cluding the lifting of sieges and
release of prisoners. They only
came to Geneva, they said, on the
basis of Mr. de Mistura’s written
assurances that those issues, set
out in Security Council Resolu-
tion 2254, were not negotiable.
Instead of talks on lifting
sieges and providing access for
relief supplies to reach millions of
Syrians in need of humanitarian
aid, the government’s Aleppo op-
eration appeared designed to en-
circle the city, Ms. Kabawat said.
“We may have a new siege here
in Aleppo,” she said. “Is this ac-
ceptable to the international com-
munity?”
A Western diplomat following
the process, who declined to be
identified because of the sensitiv-
ity of the process, said, “There’s
no question that what’s happen-
ing on the ground is having a pal-
pable effect on the talks.”
The opposition delegates said
Mr. de Mistura needed more time
to get the support necessary
from the 17-member international
support group, including the
United States, Russia and other
permanent members of the Secu-
rity Council together with region-
al powers, whose pressure on
both sides was critical to initiat-
ing another Geneva peace pro-
cess.
The contrast between Russia’s
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diplomatic support for the pro-
cess and the scale of its military
operations in Syria has come un-
der critical scrutiny from some
exasperated partners in the sup-
port group.
“Everything we are doing is
being undermined by the Rus-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
sians,” Britain’s foreign secre-
tary, Philip Hammond, said dur-
ing a visit to Jordan. They were,
he said, “posing as the co-spon-
sors of the political process, and
at the same time bombing the
people who we believe are the fu-
ture of Syria.”
Maher Samaan contributed re-
porting from Paris.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
A7 N

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A8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Eastern Europe Cautiously Welcomes Larger U.S. Military Presence
Analysts Predict
Buildup by Putin
By RICK LYMAN
BUDAPEST — The Obama ad-
ministration’s plans to quadruple
military spending in Central and
Eastern Europe, largely in re-
sponse to recent aggression in
Ukraine and elsewhere by Presi-
dent Vladimir V. Putin of Russia,
were greeted warmly but warily
in the region on Tuesday.
“It is clear that the European
Union can no longer adequately
respond to Russia’s demonstra-
tions of power, so it is comforting
that at least the United States is
finally stepping up,” Roman Kuz-
niar, a professor at the Institute
of International Relations at the
University of Warsaw, said Tues-
day.
Mr. Putin’s annexation of Cri-
mea in 2014 and his continued
support for pro-Russian separat-
ists in eastern Ukraine — along
with provocative incursions into
Ukraine’s airspace, increased
submarine patrols and military
maneuvers near Russia’s west-
ern borders — have unsettled
many of the former Communist
states in the region and have led
to increasing demands for a con-
crete Western response. The
news from Washington was wel-
comed by several government of-
ficials.
“We appreciate President Oba-
ma’s decision to boost funding for
an increased U.S. military pres-
ence on the territory of NATO’s
front-line allies,” the Czech De-
fense Ministry said in a state-
ment on Tuesday. “The U.S. is the
leader of the Atlantic alliance and
has an indispensable role in mak-
ing its collective deterrent suffi-
ciently robust and credible.”
Raimonds Bergmanis, the Lat-
vian defense minister, said in a
statement on Tuesday, “Deter-
rence is what we are after, and a
decision by the U.S. authorities to
preposition equipment in Central
and Eastern Europe would send
a clear message of resolve and
determination.”
Analysts said Mr. Putin was
likely to respond with a buildup
of his own, although they doubted
that it would inspire a new arms
race.
“Russia will not welcome the
strengthening of the American
contingent in Europe at the time
when, regardless of the overall
political difficulties, there is no
risk of a direct military confron-
Reporting was contributed by
Ivan Nechepurenko from Mos-
cow; Hana de Goeij from Prague;
Joanna Berendt from Warsaw;
Kit Gillet from Bucharest, Roma-
nia; Richard Martyn-Hemphill
from Riga, Latvia; and Miroslava
Germanova from Bratislava, Slo-
vakia.
For African-Swedes Struggling to Fit In, a 1959 Broadway Play Resonates
By ISMA’IL KUSHKUSH
STOCKHOLM — Ground-
breaking at the time, the 1959
Broadway play “A Raisin in the
Sun” showcased to a wider public
the struggles of a poor African-
American family on the South
Side of Chicago.
The main characters — Walter
Lee Younger and his wife, Ruth;
his mother, Lena; and his sister,
Beneatha — grapple with issues
of race, dignity, generational
clashes and dashed dreams.
On Friday, the play will break
different ground: It will be per-
formed by an overwhelmingly Af-
rican-Swedish cast here at the
Riksteatern, in the first major
Swedish rendition of the play.
The play, originally written by
Lorraine Hansberry, is expected
to draw wide interest in a country
whose tradition of welcoming
newcomers from other cultures is
threatened. Several recent re-
ports have pointed to an increas-
ing number of racially motivated
attacks on Swedes of African de-
scent, along with rising xenopho-
bia amid Europe’s migrant crisis.
The cast says it is important to
show black actors in black roles
and to stage a play that address-
es discrimination in such a per-
sonal manner. “Every day we re-
hearse, it becomes more impor-
tant,” said Josette Bushell-Mingo,
an actress of African descent and
the production’s director.
“Why the play has not been
done before is the question,” she
added.
Sweden’s history with Africa
dates to the 17th century, when it
had minor colonies there, and,
later, in the Caribbean. It lost
those colonies to other European
powers and abolished slavery in
1847. The work of Swedish mis-
sionaries in Africa in the 20th
century brought some Africans to
Sweden, particularly adoptees
and students.
From the 1970s onward, Swe-
den took in large numbers of Afri-
can migrants and refugees, espe-
cially from conflict zones like the
Horn of Africa.
Representing various experi-
A military exercise in Adazi, Latvia, last year. Troops from many countries, including the United States and other members of NATO, participated.
tation with NATO,” said Igor
Korotchenko, editor in chief of
the Russian magazine National
Defense. “This will make the sys-
tem in Europe more unbalanced.
It is one thing when the Ameri-
cans deploy their forces in Spain,
but it is very different when they
deploy them in Poland, Romania
or the Baltic States.”
Still, Mr. Korotchenko added,
“the response will not be hyster-
ic.”
Western officials had previous-
ly announced at a NATO summit
meeting in Wales plans to build
military supply bases and to sta-
tion troops in Eastern Europe to
bolster NATO’s ability to respond
rapidly in the event of Russian
aggression.
The Obama administration is
proposing more than $3.4 billion
in military spending in the region
next year — far more than the
$786 million in the current budget
— and will position new equip-
ment and have a full armored
combat brigade deployed some-
where in the region, on a rotating
basis, at all times.
Administration officials argued
that the rotating deployment
ences, African-Swedes, those de-
fined as residents with roots in
sub-Saharan Africa, the Ameri-
cas and the Caribbean, number
“around 180,000, of whom 60 per-
cent are foreign born, while 40
percent were born in Sweden,”
according to the Multicultural
Center’s Afrophobia Report of
2014, commissioned by Sweden’s
ministry of integration.
For decades, Sweden’s mi-
grant, refugee and cultural pol-
icies have been open and toler-
ant. Critics, however, point to
challenges of social and econom-
ic integration, citing huge dis-
parities between the quality of
life for African-Swedes and mem-
bers of the larger society.
In addition, a 2015 report by the
United Nations Working Group of
Experts on People of African De-
scent pointed to rising hate
crimes against African-Swedes.
“Afro-Swedes are most ex-
posed to hate crimes, and reports
of Afrophobic hate crimes have
increased by 24 percent since
2008,” the report said. “In this
context, hate crime units and in-
vestigators are insufficient.
Many cases are reported, but few
are investigated and prosecuted.”
Many here point to Sweden’s
view of itself as a humanitarian
society as part of the problem.
Tobias Hubinette, an associate
professor at Karlstad University
and an author of the Afrophobia
Report, said that there were
many good things about Sweden
but that they “blind us to the dis-
parities because we are not used
to seeing them.”
The actors in this take of the
Broadway classic, who represent
various backgrounds and experi-
ences of African-Swedes, were
not hesitant to explain the chal-
lenges of integration in Sweden.
“Racism used to be very set-
tled, a curiosity,” said Kayo She-
koni, who is of Nigerian descent
and plays the role of Lena Young-
er. “Now it’s open,” she said.
The Internet has become a way
for racist rhetoric to be ex-
changed, she said: “People are
scared, and we are scared.”
David Lenneman, whose fa-
would keep the United States in
compliance with the NATO-Rus-
sia Founding Act of 1997, under
which both sides promised not to
station large numbers of troops
along borders shared by Russia
and members of the alliance.
Government leaders in Poland
and the Baltic nations have ar-
gued that Russia’s aggressive ac-
tions in Ukraine have already vi-
olated the act, and they urged
American leaders to station per-
manent troops in the region. Po-
land’s new right-wing govern-
ment, in particular, has made the
deployment of NATO troops in
the region a major foreign policy
goal.
This summer’s NATO summit
meeting will be held in Warsaw,
and the American proposal antic-
ipates some of the demands like-
ly to be raised.
“It seems that they have finally
realized that their previously
weaker interest in this part of Eu-
rope hadn’t done them any fa-
vors,” said Lukasz Kister, a secu-
rity and foreign policy expert
from the Collegium Civitas in
Warsaw. “This decision will try to
make up for that.”
Some of the cast members and characters of the first major Swedish production of the play “A
Raisin in the Sun,” from left: Asha Ali, at back, as Beneatha Younger; David Lenneman as Wal-
ter Lee Younger; Kayo Shekoni as Lena Younger and Anna Thiam as Ruth Younger.
ther came from Gambia and
whose mother is Swedish, was
critical of the country’s official in-
tegration policies.
“You are told, ‘you are not
black, you are Swedish,’ but when
you try to be Swedish, you are
not allowed in,” said Mr. Lenne-
man, who plays the role of Walter
Younger.
Generational clashes in the
play also reflect the reality of
many African-Swedes.
“When I told my mother that I
wanted to do music, she was
shocked,” said Asha Ali, who is of
Somali descent and plays the role
Radko Hokovsky, executive di-
rector of European Values, a re-
search organization in Prague,
said he hoped that allies in Eu-
rope would respond to the United
States’ example. “Europeans
really need to step up their de-
fense efforts so that they are not
like a child always waiting for an
American mom to come save
them because they are so lazy to
spend their wealth on their own
security,” he said.
Despite Russian aggression,
European military spending has
dropped in each of the past three
years, according to the NATO
2015 annual report. Although the
alliance asks its member states
to contribute 2 percent of gross
domestic product to military pur-
poses, only a few countries in Eu-
rope do.
“Russia is still strongly per-
ceived as a threat, and bolder
U.S. moves and capabilities
would be most welcomed,” said
Radu Magdin, a political analyst
in Bucharest, Romania.
Romania, Poland and the Bal-
tics have been especially vocal in
criticizing Russia’s annexation of
Crimea and its continuing sup-
of Beneatha Younger. Her moth-
er, from a traditional society, did
not approve of a career in en-
tertainment.
And while the play may shed
light on Sweden’s integration
challenges, the production also
offers a different Swedish con-
nection to Ms. Hansberry’s work.
In the early 1960s, Lisbeth
Gronlund, who translated “A Rai-
sin in the Sun,” was a Swedish
high school exchange student in
the United States. Her stay made
her aware of the racial disparities
in the country, so she decided to
pursue studies in African-Ameri-
port of separatists in eastern
Ukraine.
“This is not signaling a return
to Cold War-era deterrence,
which relied on a very heavy U.S.
military buildup in Europe,” said
Eoin Micheál McNamara, a
NATO specialist at the University
of Tartu in Estonia. Instead, he
said the increased American
commitment is “an important
down payment on the new-style
U.S. deterrence posture in East-
ern Europe.”
Not everyone will react posi-
tively to a larger American mil-
itary presence, analysts said. In
some countries, like the Czech
Republic, where some leaders
have increasingly made over-
tures to Moscow, the move may
be seen as counterproductive.
“The tone in the country is in-
creasingly being set by the presi-
dent, Milos Zeman, who speaks
openly of ending the sanctions
against Russia and would see this
as a step in the opposite direc-
tion,” said Erik Best, the Ameri-
can-born, Prague-based author of
The Fleet Sheet, an online politi-
cal and business journal.
In Moscow, analysts tried
ISMA’IL KUSHKUSH
can literature when she returned
to Europe. While conducting re-
search for her master’s degree,
she corresponded with Robert
Nemiroff, Ms. Hansberry’s for-
mer husband and a promoter of
her work.
Mr. Nemiroff invited Ms. Gron-
lund to the United States to ex-
amine Ms. Hansberry’s writings.
“I got access to what was then
unpublished material,” Ms. Gron-
lund said.
When Ms. Gronlund returned
to Europe, she translated the
play and began looking for pub-
lishers. But no one in Sweden
BRYAN DENTON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Tuesday morning to predict Mr.
Putin’s reaction. They agreed
that it would almost certainly in-
volve increasing troops and
equipment along the country’s
western border.
“What will happen is that, on
the one hand, Russia will further
develop its military infrastruc-
ture in the western regions that
was underdeveloped only five
years ago,” said Ruslan Pukhov,
head of the Center for Analysis of
Strategies and Technologies. “On
the other, the new weapons will
be deployed in Russia’s west, in-
stead of east.”
Mr. Korotchenko agreed that
new weapons systems would
probably be deployed in the re-
gion, but he did not expect there
to be a major increase in Russian
military spending — something
the Kremlin might be hard-
pressed to support with low oil
prices and international sanc-
tions hobbling the Russian econ-
omy.
“We remember well how the
arms race ended for the Soviet
Union,” Mr. Korotchenko said.
“We will not make the same mis-
take twice.”
was interested — until now.
Ms. Gronlund became aware
through a friend that Ms. Bush-
ell-Mingo, the director, was or-
ganizing a production of the play
in Stockholm and was looking for
someone to translate it. Ms.
Gronlund contacted Ms. Bushell-
Mingo to set up a meeting.
“When I understood who she
was, I suggested that she just for
the hell of it send in a translation
of two of the scenes,” Ms. Bush-
ell-Mingo said. She recalled her
reaction after reading them: “It
was, Wow!”
In addition to Ms. Gronlund’s
familiarity with Ms. Hansberry’s
work, her translation, Ms. Bush-
ell-Mingo said, took into account
working-class vernacular, befit-
ting for the play’s characters.
“I thought, thank goodness I’m
alive to experience this day,” Ms.
Gronlund said.
Margaret B. Wilkerson, a pro-
fessor emerita of dramatic art at
the University of California,
Berkeley, said she was thrilled to
hear about the production in
Sweden, but was not surprised.
“The play continues to be rele-
vant to many,” said Ms. Wilker-
son, whose biography on Ms.
Hansberry is expected to be re-
leased in 2017.
“It’s a story about everyone
who has felt a stranger in their
own land,” she said. “How do you
use literature to address issues
that people don’t want to hear
about?”
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The actors, who said they fol-
lowed African-American pop cul-
ture and politics, including the
Black Lives Matter movement,
expressed their admiration for
the play.
“What’s great about this pro-
duction is that you are able to see
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
yourself,” Mr. Lenneman said. “I
can relate to that.”
Mans Clausen, who plays the
roles of George Murchison and
Bobo and was adopted from Ethi-
opia as a child, said he hoped the
play would have a positive effect
in Sweden.
“I hope it will be an eye-opener
and an inspiration for the next
generation,” he said.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N A9

A Compromise at the Western Wall, but a Wider Divide Among Jews

Liberal Groups
Seek Recognition
By ISABEL KERSHNER
JERUSALEM — It seemed a
solution worthy of Solomon: cre-
ate a permanent egalitarian pray-
er space at the Western Wall
alongside the gender-segregated
area that has been the subject of
vitriolic protest.
The Israeli government’s com-
promise decision this week was
hailed as “historic” and “revolu-
tionary,” yet it also underscored
the divide between Israel and its
Orthodox establishment and the
diaspora, particularly in the Unit-
ed States, where most Jews iden-
tify as Reform or Conservative.
Most American Jews say they
feel emotionally attached to Is-
rael. Many also say they do not
feel at home here, and the West-
ern Wall, the iconic place of wor-
ship in Jerusalem’s Old City that
attracts throngs of ultra-Ortho-
dox Jews and tourists daily, has
been the highest-profile symbol
of that alienation.
“This would not have hap-
pened had it not been for strong,
growing pressure from American
Jewry,” Uri Regev, a Reform rab-
bi and Israel-based advocate of
religious liberty and pluralism,
said of the government’s move. THOMAS COEX/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

“In my view, this was not pred-
icated on the powers that be see-
ing the light, but it was a re-
sponse to very concrete pressure
conveyed to Israel through diplo-
matic representatives, Jewish
federations and key donors.”
Mr. Regev has long argued that
too much attention had been de-
voted to the Western Wall com-
pared with other areas of Israeli
life where a growing number of
Jews have been chafing at the
grip of the strictly Orthodox rab-
binate, which does not recognize
Reform or Conservative Judaism.
In the absence of any provision
for civil marriage, some 300,000
Israelis who immigrated from the
former Soviet Union, and who do
not qualify as fully Jewish under
the Halakha, or religious law,
cannot get a marriage license in
Israel, and the rabbinate also
controls most of the country’s
burial sites.
Now the question is whether
the new prayer space at the wall
— also known by its Hebrew
name, the Kotel — is a first step
toward more fundamental
change or only a resolution to a
localized problem.
Mr. Regev acknowledged that
the compromise, “in some sense,
can be described as dramatic.”
But, he added, “I hope that this
euphoric phase will not weaken
our ability to look reality in the
face” and “to understand that
compelling battles still lie ahead.”
“A Kotel B that we can pull out
and beautify — that luxury does
not exist when it comes, say, to
the right to marry,” he said.
The power of the Orthodox rab-
binate largely stems from Israeli
realpolitik. Governing coalitions
Ultra-Orthodox men and women prayed separately Tuesday at the Western Wall in the Old City of Jerusalem. An area for mixed worship is planned.
on the right and left have for dec-
ades made deals with ultra-Or-
thodox political parties to give
them wide berth over religious
matters in exchange for support
on diplomatic or budget priori-
ties.
The current government, led
by Prime Minister Benjamin Ne-
tanyahu, is the most conservative
in years. Its ministers have been
promoting divisive legislation —
like a “loyalty in culture” initia-
tive and legislation that would re-
quire nongovernmental organiza-
tions to disclose funding they re-
ceive from foreign governments.
Such legislation has brought con-
demnation from liberal Jews
abroad.
The Kotel decision, after years
of fierce discussion and delay,
came as a rare contra to this
trend. But the timing was more
prosaic, and it probably does not
portend any broader shift. Offi-
cials said the parties were
pushed to wrap up negotiations
because Mr. Netanyahu’s point
person on the matter, Avichai
Mandelblit, was leaving his post
as cabinet secretary to become
attorney general.
The new prayer space, where
men and women can worship to-
gether, is to receive public fund-
ing. It will be governed by a com-
mittee led by the head of the Jew-
ish Agency, a quasi-governmen-
tal organization that works with
the Diaspora, and will include
representatives from the Reform
and Conservative movements,
the Jewish Federations of North
America, the Israeli government
and Women of the Wall, a group
that for 27 years has been agitat-
ing against the male-dominated
establishment.
Advocates say this amounts to
state recognition of the non-Or-
thodox branches of Judaism,
though the laconic cabinet resolu-
tion sidestepped the issue by
avoiding the words “Reform” and
“Conservative,” instead referring
A dispute over the
power of the
Orthodox rabbinate.
obliquely to “the issue of prayer
arrangements at the Western
Wall.”
A last-minute argument over
the wording at Sunday’s cabinet
meeting ended with the govern-
ment decision “to implement”
the recommendations of the advi-
sory team, rather than “to adopt”
them. The resolution passed,
though the ultra-Orthodox coali-
tion members voted against it —
and got in their licks.
Referring to Reform Jews,
Moshe Gafni, an ultra-Orthodox
Parliament leader, said, “There
will never, ever be recognition for
this group of clowns, not at the
wall and not anywhere else.”
The plan is likely to face many
hurdles. The wall is a remnant of
the retaining wall that surround-
ed the Temple Mount, revered by
Jews as the location of their an-
cient temples and the holiest site
in Judaism. The mount also
houses Al Aqsa Mosque com-
pound, one of the three holiest
sites in Islam.
Israeli archaeologists have
protested that upgrading the
area of Robinson’s Arch, the site
of an ancient staircase, into a per-
manent, non-Orthodox prayer
space will damage one of the
most important archaeological
sites in the Old City. Palestinian
officials and religious figures
have also condemned the plan,
saying the Western Wall, or Al
Buraq, is the property of the Is-
lamic Waqf, or trust. (Israel con-
quered the site, along with the
rest of the Old City and the West
Bank, from Jordan during the
1967 war and later annexed it in a
move that was never internation-
ally recognized.)
The broader issues that have
dogged Israel-Diaspora relations
for decades include Israel’s refus-
al to recognize Reform and Con-
servative conversion, so legions
of Americans who have grown up
as Jews would not be considered
Jewish enough to marry in Israel.
Israelis whose Judaism is
questioned by the rabbinate — or
who just do not want to adhere to
its strictures — have made an
end-run around the institution by
marrying abroad, particularly in
Cyprus; the government recog-
nizes these unions.
Shira Ruderman of the Ruder-
man Family Foundation, a Bos-
ton-based group focused on
strengthening relations between
Israel and American Jewry, said
it had found in a recent telephone
poll of 500 Jewish Israelis that Is-
raeli society was often more ac-
commodating than its authori-
ties. More than 80 percent of
those surveyed said that all Jews,
including Reform and Conserva-
tive, should feel that the Western
Wall belongs to them and should
feel welcome in Israel.
“The leadership does not
speak the same way that the peo-
ple on the ground feel,” Ms.
Ruderman said. The Kotel deci-
sion, she added, showed that
“pluralism kicked in” and that Is-
rael is “open to change.”
But Avinoam Bar-Yosef, the
president of the Jerusalem-based
Jewish People Policy Planning
Institute, noted that many Israeli
Jews, though not religiously ob-
servant themselves, accepted the
traditional establishment, a sec-
tor he described as “Orthodox
atheists” or “secular Orthodox.”
“We live in a state and want a
unified system,” he said, whereas
abroad, “there is a desire to bring
into the tent everyone who feels
Jewish.”
Mr. Bar-Yosef said he expected
many Israeli families to celebrate
bar mitzvahs in the new prayer
section, where they can be to-
gether. But when it comes to
marriage, which impacts on the
status of the children, he said, “A
majority prefers to have mar-
riage done by the system, and the
system today is the rabbinate.”

World Briefing
ASIA
Afghanistan: Airstrikes Hit ISIS Targets
Airstrikes against the Afghan affiliate of the Islamic
State in eastern Afghanistan have killed more than
20 militants and knocked out their clandestine radio
station, an official said Tuesday. The official, Attaul-
lah Khogyani, a spokesman for the governor of Nan-
garhar Province, said four airstrikes on Monday
evening in the Achin district had killed 29 militants
affiliated with the Islamic State in the eastern prov-
ince. The strikes also demolished a radio station
known as the Voice of the Caliphate that had been
broadcasting propaganda on behalf of the group, he
said. In Kabul, Dawlat Waziri, a Defense Ministry
spokesman, told Tolo News that the Afghan Air
Force had carried out the airstrikes. Col. Michael T.
Lawhorn, a spokesman for American forces in Af-
ghanistan, said that the United States military also
had carried out “a counterterrorism strike in that
district,” but could not confirm that it was in any
way related to the radio station.
DAVID JOLLY and KHALID ALOKOZAY
Malaysia: Swiss Case Excludes Premier
Prime Minister Najib Razak is not among those ac-
cused of wrongdoing in an investigation by Switzer-
land’s chief prosecutor into accusations of corrup-
tion involving the 1Malaysia Development Berhad
sovereign fund, a Swiss official said Tuesday. The
Swiss Attorney General’s office said last week that it
was investigating what it called the misappropria-
tion of about $4 billion from Malaysian state compa-
nies. André Marty, spokesman for the office of At-
torney General Michael Lauber, said Tuesday that
Mr. Najib “is not one of the public officials under ac-
spokesman, on Monday confirmed that the hijacking
had occurred on Friday and called it “an act of sabo-
tage.” Other officers on Tuesday said that the hi-
jackers had given the government 31 days to free the
separatist, Nnamdi Kanu, director of the banned Ra-
dio Biafra. Mr. Kanu was detained in October and
has been accused of terrorist activities. Maritime in-
dustry reports indicated that the vessel, an oil tank-
er, was seized off Nigeria’s southeastern Atlantic
Ocean coast. In the 1960s, Nigeria’s Igbo people
waged a civil war to make Biafra a separate state.
(AP)
Somalia: Plane Lands After Explosion
An explosion and fire blew a hole in a commercial
airliner forcing it to make an emergency landing at
an airport in Mogadishu, the capital, late Tuesday,
officials and witnesses said. The plane, operated by
Daallo Airlines and headed to Djibouti, was forced to
land minutes after taking off from Mogadishu, a So-
mali official, Ali Mohamoud, said. The Serbian pilot,
Vladimir Vodopivec, said he thought the explosion
was the result of a bomb. John Goglia, an aviation
safety expert who looked at photographs of the hole
in the fuselage, said the damage was consistent with
an explosive device. Two people were injured among
the 74 passengers and crew of the plane, which made
a safe landing, Mr. Mohamoud said. It was unclear if
all the passengers were accounted for. (AP)
EUROPE
Spain: Socialist Aims to Form Coalition
King Felipe VI on Tuesday asked the leader of the
Socialist party, Pedro Sánchez, to try to form a coali-
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cusation.” Mr. Lauber’s office said that the investiga-
tion involved two unnamed “former officials” of the
fund and “persons unknown.” Mr. Najib is the chair-
man of the fund’s advisory board. Last month a Ma-
laysian investigation cleared him of wrongdoing in a
separate case related to transfers of nearly $700 mil-
lion into his bank accounts. (REUTERS)
tion government and break Spain’s political dead-
lock after inconclusive elections in December. Last
month, Spain’s acting prime minister, Mariano
Rajoy, turned down the king’s offer, saying that he
lacked sufficient support to form a government. Al-
though Mr. Rajoy’s conservative Popular Party won
the most votes in December, it lost its parliamentary
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

majority. But Mr. Sánchez also faces an uphill strug-

AFRICA
Nigeria: Ship’s Hijackers Make a Threat
Nigerian separatists have hijacked a merchant ship
and threatened to blow it up with its foreign crew if
the authorities do not release a separatist leader
seeking the independence of Biafra, a region in
southeastern Nigeria, military officers have said.
Maj. Gen. Rabe Abubakar, the Defense Ministry
gle. He has been trying to persuade two emerging
parties — Podemos and Citizens — to back him,
even though the leaders of the two parties have re-
cently ruled out working together. He also faces dis-
sent within his own party to a coalition with Pode-
mos. He has asked for one month to line up possible
partners before seeking the endorsement of law-
makers. If he fails and no other leader is able to put
together a viable government, new elections will
have to be called. RAPHAEL MINDER
A10 Ø N
Svenja Heweling works on a float made by Jacques Tilly’s team, which creates dozens for the city’s Carnival parade each year.
Carnival Forecast: A Storm of Political Satire
From Page A4
mileslong parades and costumed
ceremonies, the political floats
take pride of place.
Mr. Tilly is steeped in a Euro-
pean tradition that made jesters,
or fools, the kings during Carni-
vals. From the Saturnalia of the
Roman Empire through the Mid-
dle Ages, the Continent celebrat-
ed what Mr. Tilly called “the
magical time” when winter
nears, then spring and summer
await.
“In Carnival, the people said,
‘This is our time. We have the
power,’” Mr. Tilly said. “And a bit
of that remains,” he added, call-
ing Carnival “the time of pas-
sions, when taboos do not exist.”
But, of course, they do, particu-
larly in a shrinking world where
sensibilities — and sensitivities
DÜSSELDORF JOURNAL
— bump up against each other
with sometimes dangerous con-
sequences.
Mr. Tilly is certainly no strang-
er to the perils of satire, an art he
has practiced for over 30 years. “I
came when I was 20,” he said,
looking around his workshop,
“and somehow I never left.”
Last year, the parade occurred
weeks after the terrorist attack
on Charlie Hebdo, a publication
Mr. Tilly said he has read all his
adult life. His float depicted a ter-
rorist lunging with a bloody
sword at a decapitated person
running with a copy of Charlie
Hebdo. Instead of blood pouring
from his head, there is a thought
bubble with the words, “You can-
not kill satire!”
The float was considered dar-
ing — enabling Mr. Tilly, and his
many backers here, to lord it over
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
A float builder is
known for skewering
the powers that be.
Cologne, Düsseldorf’s archrival
in all things Carnival, and which
declined to address the same del-
icate subject.
This year, too, the float gave
Düsseldorf an advantage. The
ruling Carnival Committee had
already tightened security
against possible trouble stirred
by the Charlie Hebdo float.
In Cologne, by contrast, local
grandees have rallied around
their city since the shock of the
New Year’s Eve assaults and
plan to triple or even quadruple
the police presence when the cel-
GORDON WELTERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
ebrations peak next week on
Rose Monday.
Cologne “was hit very, very
hard” by the New Year’s vio-
lence, admitted Sigrid Krebs of
that city’s Carnival committee,
which oversees 115 of perhaps
200 Carnival associations there.
Up and down the Rhine, cities
and towns are putting a premium
on preventing a repeat of New
Year’s Eve, and on explaining to
newcomers, especially those
from the Muslim world, that the
partying and lewdness are inno-
cent and — this is Germany, after
all — have quite a few rules.
Carnival organizers are almost
competing in issuing multilingual
explainers of the rituals. The flier
in Bonn, for example, relays in
Arabic, English, French, Albani-
an, Kurdish, Persian, Dari and Ti-
grinya that “Beutzen” means a
kiss on the cheek, and that sexual
approaches are forbidden unless
consensual: “No means No!”
In his workshop, Mr. Tilly and
his team tend to this year’s cre-
ations. They make dozens of
floats for the parade each year,
including five or six political
ones. All are destroyed after the
parade, however, so he displays
numerous photos to show off past
works.
He pokes fun at United States
presidents, German chancellors,
Mr. Putin and Islamic State ter-
rorism. He does not shun crude-
ness: A creation from 2003 has
Angela Merkel, not yet chancel-
lor of Germany, emerging from
the rear end of Uncle Sam.
That, Mr. Tilly explained, was
after Ms. Merkel emphasized to
Washington that not all Germans
opposed the United States’ im-
pending war in Iraq against Sad-
dam Hussein.
But Mr. Tilly is not sure he
agrees with a famous German
satirist, Kurt Tucholsky, that
“satire allows everything.” Mr.
Tilly said he would not, for in-
stance, depict Mohammed — an
act considered blasphemous by
many Muslims.
“You have to hit the right tone,
as sharply as possible,” he said.
By tradition, Carnival opens on
the 11th minute of the 11th hour
on the 11th day of the 11th month,
November, and runs until Lent.
For people like Wolfgang Düp-
pel, 46, an information technol-
ogy worker at a large insurer, the
peak days of Carnival recall his
childhood — when things like
levying a “fools’ fee” of a few
pfennigs on drivers in his Düssel-
dorf neighborhood was part of
growing up. Many people from
that time have moved away, he
noted, but return for Carnival as
one might for Christmas.
His core friends always dress
up — this year, as flight attend-
ants, an example of cross-dress-
ing common in Carnival — “so
that,” he said, “you don’t take
yourself too seriously.”
Janine Stemmer, the rare fe-
male president of a Düsseldorf
Carnival association (officially,
there are 76 groups), takes Carni-
val so seriously that she even
married the man she met at Car-
nival 2010, where they were
named the “princely pair,” on
Nov. 11, 2011.
Ms. Stemmer, 43, has been in-
volved in Carnival her whole life:
In 1968, her grandfather founded
the association she now leads.
Not even the heavy rain forecast
for this weekend could lessen her
excitement to ride a float created
by Mr. Tilly on Rose Monday.
Asked about the effect of the
attacks in Cologne, however, she
grew pensive. Luckily, she said
after a pause, Düsseldorf has Mr.
Tilly.
“He feels exactly what works,
and what doesn’t,” she said.
Whether or not he depicts the as-
saults in Cologne, “We are simply
proud to have such a great art-
ist.”
North Korea Sets Launch
Of a Long-Range Rocket
U.S. Cites ‘Disregard’ for U.N. Resolutions
By CHOE SANG-HUN
SEOUL, South Korea — In a
new dare to the United States
and its allies, North Korea has
notified the United Nations agen-
cy responsible for navigation
safety that it is planning to
launch a long-range rocket this
month to put a satellite into orbit.
The agency, the International
Maritime Organization, said
Tuesday that it had received a no-
tification from the North Korean
authorities of a multistage rocket
launch between the hours of 7
a.m. and noon local time, on an
as-yet unspecified day between
Feb. 8 and 25. An agency spokes-
woman, Natasha Brown, said
North Korea’s notification de-
scribed the payload as an Earth
observation satellite it called
Kwangmyongsong, which trans-
lates as Lodestar.
If the launch goes as planned,
the notification said, the rocket’s
first stage will fall in waters off
the west coast of South Korea,
and the second stage in waters
east of the Philippines.
The notification came after
warnings to North Korea advis-
ing against a launch from the
United States and allied nations,
which consider such a step a cov-
er for developing an interconti-
nental ballistic missile that can
deliver a nuclear bomb. Under a
series of United Nations Security
Council resolutions, North Korea
is barred from developing nucle-
ar weapons or ballistic missile
technologies.
The United States, which has
been helping draft a new Security
Council resolution aimed at pe-
nalizing North Korea since its
most recent nuclear test nearly a
month ago, reacted angrily to
news of a missile launch.
“This latest announcement fur-
ther underscores the need for the
international community to send
the North Koreans a swift, firm
message that its disregard — that
their disregard for U.N. Security
Council obligations will not be tol-
erated,” said the State Depart-
ment spokesman, John Kirby.
In Seoul, Cho Tae-yong, deputy
chief of the presidential office of
national security, warned that
North Korea would have to pay
“a harsh price” if it did not cancel
the launch. He called the North
Korean plan a “direct challenge
to the international community.”
The North’s announcement
also complicated the mission of a
senior Chinese envoy, Wu Dawei,
who arrived in Pyongyang on the
same day it was made. Beijing
has been insisting on patience
and dialogue as better ways to re-
solve disputes with the North.
North Korea had notified the
International Maritime Organiza-
tion of some earlier rocket tests.
Another United Nations agen-
cy, the International Telecom-
munication Union, said Tuesday
that it also had been notified by
the North Koreans of an impend-
Rick Gladstone contributed re-
porting from New York.
An Unha-3 rocket at the Tongchang-ri launching site, near the
northwestern border with China, in 2012.
Foul New Year’s Travel in China
By AUSTIN RAMZY
HONG KONG — The Lunar
New Year makes for trying travel
in China, as hundreds of millions
of people board trains, planes and
buses to visit family and cele-
brate the country’s most impor-
tant holiday.
When the weather turns bad,
the journey can turn nightmar-
ish, with huge crowds stuck at
stations waiting to get home.
This year, the weeklong holi-
day begins Sunday, and snow and
ice in central China have led to a
particularly bad start to the trav-
el period. In a southern city,
Guangzhou, 100,000 people gath-
ered around the main train sta-
tion on Monday as poor weather
caused rail service delays, the
Guangzhou-based newspaper
Southern Metropolis Daily re-
ported. Huge crowds waited
through the night, but photo-
graphs showed they were order-
ly.
On Tuesday morning, 22 trains
ing launch, but without specify-
ing a date range. An agency
spokesman, Sanjay Acharya, said
it had been advised by Kim
Kwang-chol, the North Korean
minister of posts and telecom-
munications, that the satellite
was designed to function for four
years.
North Korea asserts that its
rocket program is peaceful, in-
tended to launch satellites to
gather data for weather forecast-
ing and for other scientific pur-
poses. But after the country put a
Kwangmyongsong satellite into
orbit by using its Unha-3 rocket
in December 2012, the United
States worried that in the pro-
cess, the North was also moving
toward acquiring the ability to
deliver a nuclear warhead on a
long-range ballistic missile.
That Unha-3, a three-stage
rocket, blasted off from the Tong-
chang-ri launching site near the
country’s northwestern border
with China. American and South
Korean officials have been mon-
itoring the site for signs of prep-
arations for another rocket
launch, especially after North Ko-
rea conducted the last nuclear
test, its fourth, on Jan. 6.
The United States and its allies
are working to muster interna-
tional support for a new Security
Council resolution imposing an-
other round of sanctions against
the North. They have expressed
concern that the North might at-
tempt a long-range rocket test in
A satellite deployment
is seen as cover for a
weapons program.
retaliation.
In a report published last
Thursday on 38 North, a United
States website specializing in
North Korea, Jack Liu, an expert
on North Korea’s rocket pro-
gram, said it appeared to be “in
the early stages of preparation
for launching a space launch ve-
hicle.” He used recent satellite
images of the site for his analysis.
South Korean intelligence offi-
cials said that in its 2012 rocket
launch, North Korea was actually
testing a design for a ballistic
missile that could eventually fly
more than 6,200 miles with a war-
head of about 1,100 to 1,300
pounds, putting the West Coast of
the United States within range.
North Korea recently renovat-
ed its Tongchang-ri site to be able
to launch a rocket more powerful
than any tested so far.
North Korea is preparing to
celebrate the Feb. 16 birthday of
Kim Jong-il, the father of the cur-
rent leader, Kim Jong-un, and a
large congress of the ruling
Workers’ Party in May. Some an-
alysts say that Mr. Kim wanted to
show off advances in his nuclear
and long-range missile programs
ahead of those events.
DAVID GUTTENFELDER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
were delayed by at least an hour,
the Guangzhou Railway Corpora-
tion said.
By Tuesday afternoon, the
number of people waiting outside
had dropped to 22,500, after city
officials restricted road and sub-
way access to the station, the
Southern Metropolis Daily said.
Guangzhou is the capital of
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Guangdong, China’s most pop-
ulous province and host to the
country’s largest number of mi-
grant workers. Poor travel sea-
sons are often felt most drastical-
ly in the city.
So far, conditions have not
reached the state of 2008, when
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
accidents set off by snow and ice
killed at least 24 people across
the country and when as many as
800,000 people waited in cold rain
outside the Guangzhou station.
More than 12 million of the prov-
ince’s 30 million migrant workers
were not able to make it home
that year, and some ended up cel-
ebrating the holiday with col-
leagues.
 N A11

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Ex-Manager
In Flint Quits
Schools Post
In Detroit
By JULIE BOSMAN
CHICAGO — The state-appointed
emergency manager of the Detroit Pub-
lic Schools, who had also managed the
city of Flint and oversaw its decision to
draw its water from the Flint River, re-
signed on Tuesday, the day before a con-
gressional committee hearing in Wash-
ington on Flint’s water.
Michelle Zdrodowski, a spokeswom-
an for Detroit Public Schools, said the
manager, Darnell Earley, had declined
to testify before a panel investigating
the widespread contamination of Flint’s
tap water after the city switched its wa-
ter source, which led to elevated blood
lead levels throughout the city.
On Tuesday evening, the House Over-
sight and Government Reform Commit-
tee issued a subpoena for Mr. Earley to
testify on Wednesday, but his lawyer,
A. Scott Bolden, said Mr. Bolden would
not be able to appear.
Representative Elijah E. Cummings
of Maryland, the ranking Democrat on
the committee, said in a statement, “Mr.
Earley has a right to assert the Fifth
Amendment, but his
abrupt resignation
earlier today and his
refusal to testify be-
fore the committee
make it even more ur-
gent that we hear di-
rectly from the gover-
nor as soon as pos-
sible about this esca-
lating scandal.”
Mr. Earley was ap- Darnell
pointed to the Flint Earley
and Detroit manage-
ment positions by
Gov. Rick Snyder, a Republican. His
oversight has come under scrutiny, both
for his support of switching water
sources, which triggered its current
public health crisis, and for the condi-
tion of the Detroit Public Schools, which
have been hit by a series of teacher
“sickouts” in protest of the district’s
conditions.
Last week, the Detroit teachers’ un-
ion sued the Detroit Public Schools and
Mr. Earley, arguing that under his man-
agement, he allowed the schools to “de-
PHOTOGRAPHS BY JENNA SCHOENEFELD FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES teriorate to the point of crisis.”
In a letter to Governor Snyder dated
Officer Edward Lee looking for a robber, top, and on patrol, left, in economically ravaged San Bernardino, Calif., which has lost 36 per-
Tuesday, Mr. Earley wrote that his res-
cent of its police officers in eight years, as a sparse morning briefing shows. The force has dwindled as gangs have moved into the city. ignation will be effective Feb. 29. “While
there is still much work yet to be done,”
he said, he believed his work had helped

Hamstrung Heroes in San Bernardino lead the school district to long-term fi-
nancial health.
Mr. Earley also said he had developed
a plan that would eventually help the
district return to “some form of local
Police Force Praised in Terror Attack Lacks Resources to Do the Basics control” — a sore point with many resi-
dents, who unwillingly surrendered that
control.
By MICHAEL WINES Bernardino’s finest is entirely different: a corps town, where drugs, gang wars and the manifold Mr. Earley inherited a school system
savaged by budget cuts, rattletrap equipment, problems of a large lower-income population already suffering from low academic
SAN BERNARDINO, Calif. — Detective Ryan
crushing workloads and sunken morale. gave rookies more action — and valuable expe- achievement, declining enrollment,
Wicks trained the headlights of his Ford Crown
Since the city went bankrupt in 2012, its tax rience — than a cushy suburban assignment crumbling buildings and in financial dis-
Victoria Police Interceptor on a young man would ever offer. A city of about 215,000 people,
base swept away by the Great Recession, offi- tress. The system is in so much debt it
spotted fleeing local gang members and half Hispanic, San Bernardino suffered in past
cers have retired or moved to other depart- could be insolvent by spring.
climbed out of his car, a battered black-and- ments in droves. “We had an exodus, everyone decades as its biggest employers — an Air
white cruiser of mid-2000s vintage. The odom- His appointment as the Detroit school
jumping ship,” Detective Wicks said. Force base, a nearby steel mill — were shut- system’s emergency manager in Janu-
eter stood north of 95,000 miles. A rear fender Jarrod Burguan, the department’s chief and a tered. At the same time, criminal gangs began ary 2015 followed two years in which he
was scarred by the belt buckles of hundreds of 24-year veteran of the force, said the slide had moving in, forced from Los Angeles by a police played a similar role in Flint at the be-
suspects who had been spread-eagled against been tough. “We’d never been an agency before crackdown and gentrifying slums. hest of Mr. Snyder.
it. that people left for other departments — the Today, about 30 percent of the population In a statement, the governor praised
Having uncovered a butcher knife and deliv- type of place where people said, ‘I don’t like lives below the poverty line. Hispanic, black and Mr. Earley for doing “a very good job
ered a warning, Detective Wicks settled back working here,’” he said. “If anything, we at- white nationalist gangs claim portions of poorer under some very difficult circum-
into the driver’s seat and felt something block- tracted guys because it was a place where it’s northern and western neighborhoods and ac- stances.”
ing a foot. He looked down. fun being a cop.” count for about nine in 10 homicides, said Lt. “He restructured a heavily bureau-
“My speaker’s on the floor,” he said. There are signs, however, of an inflection Richard Lawhead, the department’s spokes- cratic central office, set in place operat-
The nation knows the San Bernardino Police point for the struggling force. In November, man. ing and cost-containment measures,
Department for its heroism Dec. 2, when its offi- Chief Burguan proposed a five-year, $50.6 mil- Hispanic gangs controlled by a prison gang, and has taken steps to stabilize en-
cers led a perilous and widely praised search lion rebuilding plan, adding officers — and, yes, the Mexican Mafia, ship and sell heroin, meth- rollment,” he said.
for a husband-and-wife terrorist team that had new cruisers — to combat what F.B.I. data say amphetamine and other drugs smuggled from Mr. Snyder said he would appoint a
fatally shot 14 people and wounded 22 others at is one of California’s highest crime rates. Mexico about 100 miles south. transition leader by the end of the
a holiday party. But the daily reality for San San Bernardino has long been a cop’s kind of Continued on Page A17 month.
Mr. Earley’s departure was an-
nounced on the same day that federal
officials said the F.B.I. was investigat-
ing how Flint, a city of nearly 100,000
people, had failed to provide clean wa-
ter. Failure to treat the water from the
Chicago Professor Resigns Amid Sexual Misconduct Investigation Flint River caused the pipes to corrode,
leading to the leaching of lead and other
toxic chemicals into the system. Resi-
By AMY HARMON signed by Sarah Wake, assistant pro- legations of sexual harassment or mis- dents are using filters and bottled water
A prominent molecular biologist at vost and director of the office for equal conduct at previous jobs at Princeton for drinking, cooking and, in some
the University of Chicago has resigned opportunity programs. and the University of North Carolina. cases, bathing.
after a university recommendation that Dr. Lieb stepped down last month be- “Both U.N.C. and Princeton launched The United States attorney’s office,
he be fired for violating the school’s sex- fore any action was taken. investigations,” the email read. the Postal Inspection Service, the Envi-
ual misconduct policy. His resignation Both the University of California, Yoav Gilad, a molecular biologist at ronmental Protection Agency and a
comes amid calls for universities to be Berkeley, and the California Institute of Chicago who was on the committee that task force appointed by the governor
more transparent about sexual harass- Technology have fielded criticism re- advocated hiring Dr. Lieb, said he and have already started investigations.
ment in their science departments, cently for failing to publicly acknowl- his fellow faculty members knew that in The F.B.I.’s involvement could indicate
where women account for only one- edge their own conclusions that a prom- February 2014 Dr. Lieb had abruptly re- that criminal acts are suspected.
quarter of senior faculty jobs. inent male scientist on each faculty had signed from Princeton University, just On Tuesday, Karen Weaver, the may-
The professor, Jason Lieb, made un- harassed female students until the de- seven months after having been re- or of Flint, called for the lead pipes in
welcome sexual advances to several fe- tails were uncovered by news media. A cruited from the University of North the city’s water system to be removed
male graduate students at an off-cam- third case was reportedly unearthed Carolina to run a high-profile genomics immediately, starting with the homes
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pus retreat of the molecular biosciences
division, according to a university in-
vestigation letter obtained by The New
York Times, and engaged in sexual ac-
tivity with a student who was “incapaci-
tated due to alcohol and therefore could
not consent.”
only because of a bureaucratic error at
the University of Arizona.
“Although institutions proclaim that
they have zero tolerance for abuse of
the policies that they claim to enforce,
too often their primary concern seems
to be secrecy and reputation manage-
institute.
But Dr. Gilad said that when it was
contacted, Princeton said there had
been no sexual harassment investiga-
tion of Dr. Lieb while he was there. He
DONN YOUNG said efforts to find out more about what
A University of Chicago report had prompted Dr. Lieb’s departure proved
fruitless. A Princeton spokeswoman
that have the highest recorded levels of
lead.
Ms. Zdrodowski, the Detroit schools
spokeswoman, said Mr. Earley was not
available for an interview.
Mr. Earley was the fourth emergency
manager for the school system since
2009. His resignation was hailed as a
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

Dr. Lieb, who has received millions of
dollars in federal grants over the last
decade, did not respond to requests for
comment.
“In light of the severity and perva-
siveness of Professor Lieb’s conduct,
and the broad, negative impact the con-
duct has had on the educational and
work environment of students, faculty
and staff, I recommend that the uni-
versity terminate Professor Lieb’s aca-
demic appointment,” reads the letter,
ment,” the science journal Nature wrote
in a Jan. 20 editorial headlined “Har-
assment Victims Deserve Better.”
At Chicago, students praised the uni-
versity for swift and decisive action. But
some students and faculty members
also raised pointed questions about
whether the university had placed fe-
male graduate students at risk by hiring
Dr. Lieb, who brought scientific cachet
and a record of winning lucrative grants
to a department that had recently lost
recommended that Jason Lieb, a
molecular biologist, be fired.
two of its stars to other institutions.
He was put on staff despite potential
warning signs.
Before he was hired, molecular biolo-
gists on the University of Chicago fac-
ulty and at other academic institutions
received emails from an anonymous ad-
dress stating that Dr. Lieb had faced al-
said the university does not comment
on personnel matters.
Faculty at Chicago said that Dr. Lieb
had told them during the interview pro-
cess that Princeton faulted him for not
informing them about a complaint of un-
wanted contact filed against him at
North Carolina, where he had taught for
13 years. But he told them he had seen
no reason to do so because the in-
Continued on Page A17
victory for Detroit teachers..
“He was a very tight-lipped agent of
the governor,” said Steve Conn, a for-
mer president of the Detroit teachers’
union.
Mr. Conn said he told his fellow teach-
ers last year “that the only way we
would get anywhere with Earley or Sny-
der was by mobilizing in the street.”
Mitch Smith contributed reporting.
A12 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
After a Supreme Court Ruling, Florida
Scrambles to Revise Death Sentencing
By LIZETTE ALVAREZ
MIAMI — In the wake of a
United States Supreme Court de-
cision that struck down part of
Florida’s capital punishment law,
the State Legislature and courts
are grappling with proposals that
could significantly change sen-
tencing in a state with one of the
nation’s most crowded death
rows.
For now, the ruling has closed
the state’s pathway to the death
penalty: Prosecutions in capital
punishment cases are stalled,
and lawmakers are rushing to
write and pass a new statute be-
fore their session ends in six
weeks. It is also uncertain wheth-
er the 390 inmates awaiting exe-
cution in Florida will remain on
death row or be resentenced to
life in prison. As of last week,
more than 40 of those inmates
had appeals pending.
On Tuesday, the Florida Su-
preme Court granted a stay of ex-
ecution to Cary Michael Lambrix,
who was to die by lethal injection
on Feb. 11 but received a reprieve
until the court rules on an argu-
ment from his lawyers. They ar-
gued Tuesday that the decision
from the United States Supreme
Court last month should apply
retroactively to all of Florida’s
death row inmates.
Already, one Pinellas County
judge has told prosecutors that
they cannot pursue capital pun-
ishment in a first-degree murder
trial because Florida currently
has no death penalty.
At Cosby Hearing, Ex-Prosecutor Says He Believed Accuser, but Case Was Lacking
By GRAHAM BOWLEY
and SYDNEY EMBER
NORRISTOWN, Pa. — The for-
mer district attorney who investi-
gated a sexual assault complaint
by a young Temple University
staff member against Bill Cosby a
decade ago testified Tuesday that
he had believed her account but
had declined to prosecute Mr.
Cosby because he questioned
whether the woman would make
a credible witness at trial.
The woman, Andrea Constand,
had accused Mr. Cosby of drug-
ging and sexually assaulting her
at his suburban Pennsylvania
home in 2004. But in 2005, Bruce
L. Castor Jr., the Montgomery
County district attorney at the
time, said he found “insufficient
credible and admissible evi-
dence” to bring charges against
Mr. Cosby. Ms. Constand later
filed a civil suit against Mr. Cos-
by, which was settled in 2006.
In December, the Montgomery
County district attorney’s office
reversed that decision and
charged Mr. Cosby with sexual
assault.
At a pretrial hearing on Tues-
day, Mr. Cosby’s lawyers sought
a dismissal of the charges, argu-
ing that Mr. Castor had made a
binding agreement 11 years ago
never to prosecute the entertain-
er. Mr. Castor, testifying as a de-
fense witness, said he had never
made a deal with Mr. Cosby’s
lawyers, but he said he did view
his decision not to prosecute as
binding on his successors.
“It was designed so that, for all
time, Cosby would not be pros-
ecuted for the Constand event,”
he said.
Mr. Castor said he was con-
cerned as a prosecutor about how
often Ms. Constand had been in
contact with Mr. Cosby in the
year after the alleged sexual as-
sault. He testified he was also
concerned that she had contacted
a civil lawyer before going to the
police, and that her statements to
investigators were inconsistent.
“I came to the conclusion that
Jon Hurdle contributed reporting.
Girl Probably Died the Day
She Vanished, Officials Say
By SHERYL GAY STOLBERG
WASHINGTON — A 13-year-
old Virginia girl was most likely
stabbed to death by a Virginia
Tech student on the day she dis-
appeared, the authorities in
Blacksburg, Va., said Tuesday,
and a second university student
— originally accused of helping
dispose of the body — now faces
charges of helping commit the
murder.
The girl, Nicole Madison Lovell
— a liver-transplant and cancer
survivor — disappeared last
week from her home in Blacks-
burg, setting off an intense
search as well as outrage over
the role social media might have
played in the case.
Mary Pettitt, the common-
wealth’s attorney for Montgome-
ry County, Va., announced the
“very preliminary” cause of
death — based on the early re-
sults of an autopsy — and the ad-
ditional charges at a brief news
conference. Nicole’s mother,
In the State Capitol, the Repub-
lican-controlled Legislature is de-
bating how best to change Flori-
da’s unorthodox law, with some
pushing for a thorough overhaul
to blunt future legal challenges
and others vying for an easy fix
that would simply address the
court’s narrow ruling.
The Legislature has refused
for years to address the law’s
constitutional frailties — primari-
ly that it requires only a simple
majority of a 12-person jury to
recommend a death sentence to a
Prosecutions in
capital cases stall as
lawmakers try to
write a new statute.
judge — despite the urging of the
Florida Supreme Court to do so a
decade ago, said Raoul G. Cante-
ro, a former state justice who has
called for change.
Florida is second only to Cali-
fornia in the number of death row
inmates, according to the Death
Penalty Information Center. The
Florida governor, Rick Scott, is-
sues death warrants routinely.
But the state leads the country in
death-row exonerations with 26,
and critics of Florida’s law said
that number could be traced to
the statute’s flaws.
Bill Cosby arriving Tuesday morning at a courthouse in Norristown, Pa., for a pretrial hearing on sexual assault charges.
there was no way that the case
could ever improve and get bet-
ter with time absent Mr. Cosby’s
confession,” Mr. Castor said. “An-
drea Constand’s own actions dur-
ing that year ruined her credibil-
ity as a viable witness.”
Later, on cross-examination by
prosecutors, Mr. Castor said:
“What I think and what is prov-
able in a courtroom are two dif-
ferent things. What I think is that
Andrea Constand was inappro-
priately touched by Mr. Cosby.”
Last fall, after Mr. Castor made
other remarks about Ms. Con-
stand’s statements about the en-
counter, Ms. Constand sued Mr.
Castor for defamation. The case
Tammy Weeks, broke down in
tears at the conference while
speaking of her daughter, who
had grappled with serious illness
since she was born and needed
daily medication to survive.
Nicole, called Coley by her
family, received a liver transplant
when she was 10 months old to
treat a “rare tumor” in her liver,
her mother said. Then, at 4, she
received a diagnosis of and was
treated for non-Hodgkin’s lym-
phoma, a type of cancer. She had
acute respiratory illness and
slipped into a coma for six
months, and then developed a po-
tentially deadly bacterial infec-
tion.
“We were advised at this time
that she had only a 1 percent
chance of survival,” Ms. Weeks
said, adding, “Coley once again
beat the odds.”
David Eisenhauer, 18, a high
school track star and aspiring en-
gineer from Columbia, Md., is
charged with abducting and kill-
ing Nicole. Ms. Pettitt offered few
In all, 31 states have capital
punishment.
In its ruling, the United States
Supreme Court found that Flori-
da’s death penalty system gave
too much power to judges and not
enough to juries, a violation of the
Sixth Amendment.
To recommend a death sen-
tence, a jury must agree on at
least one aggravating factor, a
circumstance that makes a mur-
der so horrific that it merits end-
ing a killer’s life rather than im-
posing a prison sentence. The ag-
gravating factor could be that the
crime was especially heinous or
that it was committed after sub-
stantial premeditation.
Florida is the only state that
does not require a jury to unani-
mously agree on aggravating fac-
tors. Jurors in the state also do
not tell the judge which factors
they chose. So after a jury makes
its recommendation, the judge
can hand down a death sentence
based on different aggravating
factors altogether, an anomaly
that the Supreme Court ruled
was unconstitutional.
In the court’s majority opinion,
Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote
that “the Sixth Amendment re-
quires a jury, not a judge, to find
each fact necessary to impose a
sentence of death.” She added
that allowing judges to find ag-
gravating factors “independent
of a jury’s fact-finding” made the
system in Florida unconstitution-
al. It is one provision the State
Legislature must fix if it is to re-
is pending. Ms. Constand was not
present in the courtroom. Her
lawyer, Dolores M. Troiani, later
declined to comment.
Mr. Castor, who was the only
witness on Tuesday, testified for
six hours. He said that in 2005 he
had hoped that by announcing
his decision not to prosecute he
would prevent Mr. Cosby from in-
voking his Fifth Amendment
right and induce the entertainer
to testify freely in Ms. Constand’s
subsequent civil case.
Such testimony, he said, would
help her suit but also meant the
testimony could never be used
against Mr. Cosby in a criminal
case.
Tammy Weeks talking Tuesday in Blacksburg, Va., about her daughter, Nicole Madison Lovell,
right. Early results of an autopsy indicated that Nicole, 13, was stabbed to death last Wednesday.
details of the investigation, but
said the authorities now believed
that the murder took place last
Wednesday, the day Nicole dis-
appeared — not on Saturday, as
they had previously thought.
The second student, Natalie
Marie Keepers, 19, is also an as-
piring engineer, from Laurel,
Md., who had been charged with
being an accessory to murder af-
ter the fact. She is now charged
with being an accessory “before
the fact” to first-degree murder, a
MATT MCCLAIN/THE WASHINGTON POST, VIA GETTY IMAGES
instate the death penalty.
“This is the issue most observ-
ers of the capital system saw as
unconstitutional for a number of
years,” said Scott E. Sundby, a
University of Miami law profes-
sor who is an authority on capital
punishment.
Even with that fix, Florida
would still provide the country’s
easiest procedural path to a
death sentence, Mr. Sundby said.
Under Florida’s system, the jury
provides only a recommendation
of death to the judge, and the rec-
ommendation does not have to be
unanimous.
Alabama and Delaware are the
only other states that do not re-
quire a unanimous jury verdict
on death sentences. Delaware
and Florida require a simple ma-
jority; Alabama requires a su-
permajority, a vote of at least 10
to 2. Those states are also the
only ones that allow judges to
override recommendations for
life in prison and impose the
death penalty.
The Supreme Court decision on
“I decided that we would not
prosecute Mr. Cosby and that
would set a chain of events that
would get some justice for An-
drea Constand,” Mr. Castor said.
During Mr. Cosby’s deposition,
parts of which only became pub-
lic last summer, he acknowledged
obtaining quaaludes as part of his
efforts to have sex with women.
Prosecutors in December cited
Mr. Cosby’s testimony as a key
factor in their decision to bring
charges against him.
Judge Steven T. O’Neill, pre-
siding at the Montgomery Coun-
ty courthouse here, said he would
most likely rule on the motion to
dismiss on Wednesday, when the
ALLEN G. BREED/ASSOCIATED PRESS
charge that carries 20 years to
life in prison, Ms. Pettitt said. Ms.
Keepers remains charged with
concealing a dead body, a felony
with a maximum sentence of 10
years, and with being an accesso-
ry to murder after the fact, a mis-
demeanor that carries a maxi-
mum 12-month jail term.
The chief of the Blacksburg Po-
lice Department, Anthony Wil-
son, said his officers were pursu-
ing more than 400 leads in the in-
vestigation. A preliminary hear-
Florida’s law did not consider the
issues of unanimous or advisory
juries. But they also make the law
vulnerable to constitutional chal-
lenge, legal experts said.
“This is your opportunity,” said
O. H. Eaton Jr., a retired Florida
judge and a death penalty expert.
“If you fix those problems, then
you will have as good a death
penalty law as any in the coun-
try.”
If not, Mr. Eaton warned, “a
different problem but the same
song comes up again, and we
would end up clearing out death
row.”
A recent investigation by The
Villages Daily Sun newspaper
found that Florida juries had
failed to agree unanimously on
death sentences in 75 percent of
the cases against the prisoners
now on death row. It also found
that only 43 percent of the prison-
ers would have been sentenced to
death under a 10-to-2 superma-
jority vote.
Lawmakers are arguing pas-
sionately about how far to go in
ANDREW RENNEISEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
hearing will continue.
Throughout the hearing, Mr.
Cosby, 78, who wore an olive-
green suit, sat silently at a desk,
listening carefully, sometimes
rubbing his face with his hand.
The newly elected district at-
torney, Kevin R. Steele, has said
there is no evidence of any non-
prosecution agreement and that,
even if one had been made, it
would not bind Mr. Castor’s suc-
cessors as district attorney. Ms.
Constand’s lawyers have said
they were never aware of such an
agreement. Mr. Cosby’s lawyer
at the time of any negotiations
has since died.
Mr. Castor and Mr. Steele faced
TAMMY WEEKS, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
ing for Mr. Eisenhauer and Ms.
Keepers, who are being held
without bond, is scheduled for
March 28. Ms. Pettitt said the full
results of Nicole’s autopsy would
most likely be ready shortly be-
fore the hearing.
Nicole, described by friends
and neighbors as a sweet girl
who had been bullied at school
and on social media, had appar-
ently met Mr. Eisenhauer online.
The police have not specified how
they met, but in an interview on
Opponents of the death pen-
alty gathered to demonstrate
near the Florida State Prison
in Raiford in 2014.
rewriting the law, with the Senate
leaning toward requiring unani-
mous verdicts from juries for
death sentences and the more
conservative House moving for-
ward with a bill that would re-
quire a jury vote of at least 9 to 3
for a death sentence recommen-
dation but a unanimous decision
on aggravating factors.
The Florida Prosecuting Attor-
neys Association favors the
House bill, which cleared its first
subcommittee vote on Tuesday.
“Remember Ted Bundy,”
warned Representative Ross
Spano, a Republican on the com-
mittee, referring to the serial kill-
er who was executed in 1989.
“That was not a unanimous rec-
ommendation for the death pen-
alty.”
Some, though, said that politi-
cal motives were preventing a
more thorough overhaul that
would require unanimous jury
verdicts for death sentences.
State Senator Thad Altman, a Re-
publican who has tried for years
to change the law, said unanimity
demanded greater deliberation
by jurors, which was only fitting
for a death sentence. Convicting
criminals in Florida requires a
unanimous jury, so condemning
them to death should be no differ-
ent, he said.
“The Legislature here is very
pro-death penalty,” Mr. Altman
said. “They don’t want to be per-
ceived as being soft on crime in
any way and make it more diffi-
cult to sentence someone to
death.”
off in an election last fall for dis-
trict attorney, and Mr. Castor’s
handling of the Cosby case be-
came an issue in the race. Mr.
Steele looked on from a seat at
the prosecution table as Mr. Cas-
tor testified.
Dozens of women have come
forward to accuse Mr. Cosby of
sexual assault, but this is the first
time the once-beloved entertain-
er has faced criminal charges.
The historic brick-and-marble
courthouse in Montgomery
County, built originally in the
mid-19th century, has seldom, if
ever, been the scene of such
worldwide attention as Tuesday.
Dozens of news media represent-
atives crowded into Courtroom A,
where Mr. Cosby appeared, while
others watched a live feed in an
adjacent courtroom.
Should the judge rule the depo-
sition inadmissible, the prosecu-
tion’s case could be significantly
weakened. If the judge rejects
Mr. Cosby’s arguments, the case
will most likely proceed to a pre-
liminary hearing and ultimately a
trial, though legal experts expect
Mr. Cosby to make further ap-
peals over a period of months.
Mr. Cosby was charged with
aggravated indecent assault,
which carries a punishment of
five to 10 years in prison and a
$25,000 fine.
Other women who have said
Mr. Cosby sexually assaulted
them were unable to press
charges because many did not
come forward until recently, after
the statute of limitations had ex-
pired. Ms. Constand’s was the
only case that could go forward
because it was brought within the
12-year statute of limitations for
aggravated indecent assault in
Pennsylvania.
At one point in the hearing, Mr.
Castor was asked by Judge
O’Neill why his decision to rule
out future prosecution was never
put in writing. Mr. Castor said he
had thought it unnecessary.
“It was unnecessary because I
concluded there was no way the
case could ever get any better,”
he said.
A new charge that one
Virginia Tech student
helped another kill.
Monday, a child who lived nearby
said that the day before she dis-
appeared, Nicole showed her
messages she had exchanged
with an unidentified 18-year-old
on Kik, a messaging app. The au-
thorities did not take questions at
the news conference; nor did Ms.
Weeks.
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“Coley had a passion for pan-
das, music, dancing, dreamed of
being on ‘American Idol’ some-
day, her favorite color was blue,”
her mother said, clutching a
stuffed panda and reading from a
statement. “Nicole was a very
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
lovable person. Nicole touched so
many people throughout her
short life.”
Ms. Weeks then broke down,
saying, “I can’t do that part.”
Nicole’s youth pastor, Josh Blan-
kenship, finished, reading a verse
often used at funerals: “Our
hearts still ache in sadness/And
secret tears still flow/What it
meant to lose you/No one will
ever know.”

2 Generals Say Women
Should Register for Draft
By MICHAEL S. SCHMIDT
WASHINGTON — Two senior
military leaders said Tuesday
that women should be required to
register for the draft now that the
Pentagon had opened all combat
roles to them.
Although the move would be
largely symbolic — the draft has
not been used since the Vietnam
War — it would represent an-
other step in the military’s shift
toward viewing men and women
as equals.
At a Senate hearing on women
in combat, Gen. Robert B. Neller,
the commandant of the Marine
Corps, said he believed that “ev-
ery American who’s physically
qualified should register for the
draft.” Gen. Mark A. Milley, the
Army chief of staff, said he
agreed.
And the acting secretary of the
Army, Patrick J. Murphy, encour-
aged Congress to look into the
matter, saying “it should be a na-
tional debate.”
The officials had been asked
their views by Senator Claire Mc-
Caskill, Democrat of Missouri,
who said she was in favor of hav-
ing women register.
“Part of me believes that ask-
ing women to register as we ask
men to register would maybe
Obama, Looking for Common Ground, Meets With G.O.P. Leaders
By MICHAEL D. SHEAR
and DAVID M. HERSZENHORN
WASHINGTON — President
Obama held a rare meeting Tues-
day with the top Republicans in
Congress to assess opportunities
for compromise during his final
year in office, even as the two
sides continued partisan sniping
that could undermine the pros-
pect of serious legislative
progress.
Speaker Paul D. Ryan and Mr.
Obama — rivals from the 2012
campaign — met over lunch on
Tuesday in their first extended
interaction since Mr. Ryan as-
cended to power last year in the
Republican-controlled
The private lunch followed an
House.
Oval Office meeting that also in-
cluded Senator Mitch McConnell,
Republican of Kentucky and the
majority leader.
White House officials said the
president expressed optimism in
the two meetings that the Repub-
lican-controlled Congress would
work with the administration to
address five key goals: the finan-
cial crisis in Puerto Rico, rat-
ification of the Trans-Pacific Part-
nership trade agreement, provid-
ing money for an initiative to
fight cancer, confronting a resur-
gence of heroin addiction and
overhauling the nation’s criminal
justice system.
“Hopefully, we’re going to find
willing partners on Capitol Hill to
advance those measures,” Josh
Earnest, the White House press
secretary, told reporters Tues-
day. “I think that is certainly the
expectation of most voters across
the country.”
But Mr. McConnell seemed
less optimistic after leaving the
White House. Calling the discus-
sion wide-ranging, Mr. McCon-
nell nonetheless said that he had
cautioned Mr. Obama against
pushing for approval of a sweep-
ing trade deal with Pacific Rim
nations because of opposition
among a number of the presi-
dential candidates as well as law-
makers.
“With both the Democratic
candidates for president opposed
to the deal, and a number of the
presidential candidates from our
party opposed to the deal, my ad-
vice is that we not pursue that
certainly before the election,” he
said. “So what we agreed to do is
to continue to talk about it.”
Mr. McConnell said he was also
clear with Mr. Obama that Con-
gress would not support any tax-
payer-financed bailout of Puerto
Rico, which faces serious finan-
cial difficulties in the months
ahead. Mr. McConnell said that
Pentagon Chief Says U.S.
Is Facing Array of Threats
By MICHAEL S. SCHMIDT
WASHINGTON — Defense
Secretary Ashton B. Carter said
Tuesday that the United States
faced a “dramatically different”
security environment than at any
point in the past 25 years, argu-
ing for an increase in military
spending to confront an array of
threats like the Islamic State and
Russia.
Unlike in previous years when
the United States could focus on
one major threat at a time, like
the Soviet Union or Al Qaeda, the
country no longer has the “luxu-
ry of just one opponent, or the
choice between current fights
and future fights — we have to do
both,” Mr. Carter said.
“Now we have to think and do
a lot of different things about a lot
possibly open up more recruits as
women began to think about,
well, the military is an option for
me,” Ms. McCaskill said.
It is unclear whether Defense
Secretary Ashton B. Carter sup-
ports the idea; a spokesman did
not return an email seeking com-
ment. Mr. Carter announced in
December that all military roles
would be opened to women.
Josh Earnest, the White House
press secretary, said it was not
“an official administration posi-
tion” that women be required to
register.
Under the current system, all
men ages 18 to 26 living in the
United States are required to reg-
ister for the draft with the federal
government’s Selective Service
System. Those registrations cre-
ate a pool of men who could be
pressed into service if the coun-
try needed tens of thousands of
troops to fight a war.
The military ended the draft in
1973. From 1975 to 1980, men were
not required to register with the
Selective Service. But after the
Soviet Union invaded Afghani-
stan, President Jimmy Carter re-
instated it.
Congress would probably need
to pass a law to make military
service compulsory, as it was
during the Vietnam War and both
Paul D. Ryan after meeting with the president Tuesday. Mr. Ryan pushed criminal justice and mental health issues, his office said.
Republicans were continuing to
discuss ways that Puerto Rico
could restructure its finances, but
that he warned the president
against a government bailout.
“No solution to the Puerto Rico
problem that involves the use of
U.S. taxpayer dollars is going to
be passing in this Congress,” he
said.
The Republican leaders raised
with Mr. Obama the need to ag-
gressively confront the spread of
the Zika virus, which has been
linked to birth defects when the
disease is contracted by pregnant
women.
But in discussing that issue af-
ter the meeting, Mr. McConnell
was quick to criticize the Obama
administration’s handling of the
Ebola crisis.
“We need to get out in front of
the Zika virus,” Mr. McConnell
said at a news conference in the
Capitol, “and make sure that we
don’t end up having the kind of
feeling across the country that
we are sort of reacting too late
like we did on Ebola.”
For his part, Mr. Earnest was
equally quick to deliver a rela-
tively gloomy assessment about
of different challenges,” Mr. Car-
ter said in a speech at the Eco-
nomic Club of Washington, where
he provided a preview of the Pen-
tagon’s 2017 budget request.
The administration is expected
to formally unveil the budget
next week. It will call for $582.7
billion in military spending —
roughly half of the government’s
discretionary spending.
The budget will include a pro-
posal to double the spending on
the military campaign against
the Islamic State, Mr. Carter said.
American forces have conducted
so many strikes on the group, he
said, that the military is running
out of smart bombs and rockets,
and needs to invest $1.8 billion in
2017 to buy 45,000 more.
Mr. Carter described Russia
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Gen. Robert B. Neller, second from right, the Marine Corps commandant, at a hearing Tuesday.
world wars. If women were re-
quired to register, it is unclear ex-
actly how a draft would be car-
ried out.
Richard H. Kohn, a professor
emeritus of military history at
the University of North Carolina,
said mandating that women reg-
ister would send a message that
commanders were increasingly
seeing men and women as the
same.
the Republican intentions even
as the president was still having
lunch with Mr. Ryan.
Indeed, in a sign of the continu-
ing deep gulf between Repub-
licans and Mr. Obama, the House
on Tuesday sought to override
the president’s veto of legislation
to repeal the Affordable Care Act.
The vote was 241 to 186 in favor of
repeal, falling short of the two-
thirds majority needed for an
override.
“It’s almost like it’s ‘Ground-
hog Day,’ except that today it ac-
tually is Groundhog Day and
they’re doing it again,” Mr. Ear-
nest said. “So I’m not really sure
that qualifies as the contours of a
proactive legislative agenda.”
Asked whether the president
was eager to use the idea of Re-
publican obstructionism as a po-
litical issue during the coming
elections, Mr. Earnest said Mr.
Obama’s rivals could avoid that
problem by simply agreeing to
pass the president’s proposals.
“Prove us wrong. Prove us
wrong,” Mr. Earnest said. “Do it.
Just do the five things then. Take
that argument off the table.”
Mr. Obama and Mr. Ryan have
SAUL LOEB/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
and China as the “most stressing
competitors” as they develop mil-
itary systems that threaten the
United States’ traditional advan-
tage.
Those efforts, coupled with
Russia’s aggression in Ukraine
and China’s in the South China
Sea, have led the Defense De-
“If you are going to levy that
on men, you better levy it on
women,” Mr. Kohn said. “Every
occupation in the military is open
to women, so they should have
equal obligation to serve.”
When Mr. Carter announced
the reinstatement of the Selective
Service in 1980, he said that regis-
tration for the draft was needed
to increase preparedness and
demonstrate the nation’s resolve.
a long history of sparring, and
neither has made much effort in
the past months to develop a
closer working relationship.
In fact, Mr. Ryan, the Repub-
lican vice-presidential candidate
on the 2012 ticket, has used strik-
ingly harsh language since be-
coming speaker to describe Mr.
Obama and his policies.
A frequent Twitter user, Mr.
Ryan has repeatedly accused Mr.
Obama of leading the country in
the wrong direction, has criti-
cized him for “blatant violations
of the Constitution” and has
called him the “most polarizing
president.”
“The president & I don’t agree
on much. Might be hard to hide
that in my facial expressions,”
Mr. Ryan wrote on Twitter before
taking his seat behind the presi-
dent last month during Mr. Oba-
ma’s State of the Union address.
In a statement about Tuesday’s
meeting, Mr. Ryan’s office said
he had “in particular, expressed
hope that progress can be made
to reform our criminal justice and
mental health systems.”
Mr. McConnell has had an even
longer and more contentious his-
partment to elevate “their im-
portance in our defense planning
and budgeting.”
The budget also proposes a sig-
nificant increase in spending to
enhance the military’s footprint
in Europe to protect NATO allies
of the United States from Russia.
The administration will ask for
CLIFF OWEN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
“It will improve our capacity, if
circumstances require, to in-
crease the size and strength of
our armed forces — and that ca-
pacity will itself help to maintain
peace and to prevent conflict in
the region of the Persian Gulf and
Southwest Asia,” he said.
At the time, Mr. Carter asked
Congress to allow women to reg-
ister and serve. But lawmakers
rejected the idea.
DREW ANGERER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
tory with the president. He
vowed to block Mr. Obama’s
agenda in the president’s first
term in an attempt to keep him
from being re-elected. In 2013,
Mr. Obama joked about their lack
of a relationship, saying that
when someone says he should
get a drink with the Senate lead-
er, he responds, “Why don’t you
get a drink with Mitch McCon-
nell?”
Mr. McConnell described the
meeting as “a potpourri of dis-
cussions about a variety of differ-
ent issues.” But there were also
topics that the three leaders did
not address, including the possi-
bility of a new authorization by
Congress for the use of military
force against the Islamic State.
While the discussion at the
White House had been expected
to focus in part on criminal jus-
tice issues — one of the few areas
in which congressional leaders
have expressed hope of passing
major legislation amid the elec-
toral politics of 2016 — the recent
declaration of the Zika virus as a
global emergency catapulted
health issues to the top of the
agenda.
Defense Secretary Ashton B.
Carter, at the Economic Club
of Washington on Tuesday,
said spending needed to dou-
ble to fight the Islamic State.
$3.4 billion — compared with $789
million in the current budget —
for “more training and exercises
with our allies, more pre-posi-
tioned warfighting gear and in-
frastructure improvements to
support it.”
“And when combined with U.S.
forces already in and assigned to
Europe, all of this together by the
end of 2017 will let us rapidly form
a highly capable combined-arms
ground force that can respond
theaterwide if necessary,” Mr.
Carter said.
“We must demonstrate to po-
tential foes that if they start a
war, we have the capability to
win,” Mr. Carter said. “Because a
force that can deter conflict must
show that it can dominate a con-
flict.”
N A13
Obama Seeks
$1.1 Billion
To Help Fight
Opioid Abuse
By GARDINER HARRIS
WASHINGTON — The Obama
administration said on Tuesday
that it would ask Congress to
spend an additional $1.1 billion
next year to combat a growing
epidemic of prescription painkill-
er and heroin abuse.
Almost half of the new money
would be used to expand treat-
ment facilities, which are in short
supply in much of the nation.
“Opioid abuse and overdoses
have hurt families from across
this nation,” Sylvia Mathews Bur-
well, the secretary of health and
human services, said in a news
conference. “My home state of
West Virginia has felt the cost al-
most more than any other.”
The other half of the money
would go to programs intended to
prevent prescription drug over-
doses, crack down on illegal
sales, and improve access to nal-
oxone, a drug that can rescue
those who have overdosed.
The announcement reflected
the administration’s growing
concerns about one of the few
public health epidemics to sub-
stantially worsen during Presi-
dent Obama’s tenure. Opioids,
which include prescription pain-
killers and heroin, were involved
in 28,648 deaths in the United
States in 2014, according to the
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. The drugs were a
bigger killer than motor vehicle
crashes.
The administration’s efforts to
combat the toll have been modest
and largely ineffective. The epi-
demic has leveled off somewhat,
but it shows no signs of abating,
leading addiction experts to com-
plain about Mr. Obama’s re-
sponse.
In Tuesday’s news conference,
Michael P. Botticelli, the director
One of the few health
problems to worsen in
the president’s tenure.
of the White House Office of Na-
tional Drug Control Policy, de-
fended the administration’s ac-
tions.
“We have made some
progress, but we need to do more,
particularly as it relates to people
accessing treatment,” Mr. Botti-
celli said.
The administration hopes Con-
gress will allocate $460 million
next year for states to fund medi-
cation-assisted treatment for
opioid abuse. While such pro-
grams are opposed by some offi-
cials and advocates, who say that
the medications merely lead to
another form of addiction, stud-
ies show that they are effective.
States would receive funding
based on the severity of the epi-
demic and the strength of their
strategy to combat it.
In October, Mr. Obama issued a
presidential memorandum re-
quiring federal doctors to receive
more training in prescribing
opioids. In December, he signed a
budget agreement that provided
$400 million to fight the opioid
epidemic, an increase of $100 mil-
lion over the previous year.
Efforts to combat the opioid
epidemic try to strike a balance
between preventing addicts from
getting inappropriate prescrip-
tions and ensuring that cancer
and surgical patients and others
with severe pain can quickly re-
ceive the treatment they need.
Mr. Obama traveled to Charles-
ton, W.Va., in October to hear
from addicts, their parents and
police officers about the epidem-
ic’s effect on communities, and he
spoke in personal terms about
how he could have been similarly
affected himself.
“I did stuff, and I’ve been very
honest about it,” he said, refer-
ring to his admissions of illegal
drug use in his youth. “So when I
think about it, there but for the
grace of God.”
In his final State of the Union
address last month, Mr. Obama
mentioned “helping people who
are battling prescription drug
abuse and heroin abuse” as one
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of the few areas of common
ground between Democrats and
Republicans.
Senator Rob Portman, Repub-
lican of Ohio, who has sponsored
legislation to combat the opioid
epidemic, said in a statement
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
Tuesday that “if the White House
is serious about fighting the her-
oin epidemic,” Mr. Obama would
support his bill.
In response, Mr. Botticelli said
that the administration would
continue to work with lawmak-
ers. “We agree with the intent of
the legislation in that we really
need a comprehensive response,”
he said.
A14 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

ELECTION 2016

Rivals Draw Energy Which States Cruz, Trump and Rubio Need to Win
From Trump’s Setback By NATE COHN and JOSH KELLER
The Iowa caucuses are only the beginning of a
long national race for the Republican nomination. To
part of why so many Iowa victors fall short of winning
it all. Forty percent of voters on Monday were “very

In the Iowa Caucuses
From Page A1
bio working to consolidate votes
from more mainstream Repub-
licans and independent voters.
Mr. Trump, meanwhile, was
uncharacteristically silent for
much of the morning — until he
began to grumble, on Twitter,
that he had been denied due cred-
it for a silver medalist’s perform-
ance in the caucuses. Late in the
afternoon, Mr. Trump’s campaign
announced he had won the en-
dorsement of Scott P. Brown, the
former Massachusetts senator
now living in New Hampshire.
At a campaign stop in Milford,
N.H. — his first public appear-
ance since Monday’s defeat —
Mr. Trump told reporters that he
expected to keep his lead in the
state. “I think we will finish first,”
he said. “I would like to finish
first.”
The extent of Mr. Trump’s vul-
nerability in New Hampshire is
still a question mark. He has long
led the polls here by wide mar-
gins, and even as he conceded de-
feat in Iowa, Mr. Trump bragged
that he was ahead in New Hamp-
shire by 28 points. (It was un-
clear what poll he was citing.)
The determination to take on
Mr. Trump transcends the differ-
A campaign with a
win, the three leading candidates must build diverse
coalitions of voters and capitalize on states where
they have natural strengths.
conservative,” according to entrance polls; in 2012,
there were more “very conservative” voters in Iowa
than any primary state. Moderates can count on
a kind of bar for his own perform- Iowa’s Republican caucus has one of the most better opportunities later; conservatives might find
ance, telling voters in Hopkinton conservative electorates in the country, which is a big that Iowa is as good as it gets.
that he expected New Hampshire
to narrow the field to just four or
five candidates. 172 Conservative
Among Democrats, there is no
expectation that the New Hamp-
voters Ted Cruz’s Key States
71
shire primary will be conclusive Early victories don’t let candidates has long aspired to unite the Tea Party
in the race. Mrs. Clinton and Mr. overcome their limitations. To win the and the religious right. If he could do so,
Sanders are the only two candi- 16 Moderate nomination, Mr. Cruz will need to he could compete in a host of Southern
dates left, after former Gov. Mar- broaden his appeal beyond the “very states with far more moderate voters
tin O’Malley of Maryland with- Circles are sized by Colors show how many conservative” voters who carried him than in Iowa but large numbers of
drew on Monday night. Both the number of delegates Republican primary in Iowa. (Caucus states tend to draw evangelicals. Mr. Cruz did win evangeli-
voters in each state
have access to tens of millions of in each Republican more conservative voters, which cals by 10 points, a healthy number, but
primary contest are very conservative
dollars in campaign funds, and explains why states like Iowa, not necessarily a very promising one
they have amassed national net- Minnesota and Maine have a more given the conservatism of the Iowa
works of supporters who are un- conservative electorate than you might electorate.
Minn.
likely to desert them. Conservative states think.) Mr. Cruz won 43 percent of Many of these states vote on Super
But each appears determined dominate the early “very conservative” voters in Iowa, Tuesday on March 1. But the calendar
to make an important symbolic primary calendar, Alaska according to the entrance polls, but just gets more challenging for Mr. Cruz later
point in New Hampshire. For Mr. providing an opening 9 percent among those who consider in the race. He would need to be very
Sanders, it is his best opportunity for Ted Cruz. themselves moderate. competitive or even win states like
Tenn.
to win an early primary outright The most obvious opportunity is Florida or Ohio, states with modest
and to gain more traction na- evangelical Christians. His campaign numbers of evangelicals.
tionally as the race heads to larg- Okla.
er, more urban and diverse
Kansas
states, where Mrs. Clinton is seen
as holding an upper hand. Georgia
And Mrs. Clinton on Tuesday Me.
Idaho N.C.
appeared determined to deepen
the contrast between herself, as a Ark. La.
W.Va.
candidate of liberal beliefs but Miss. S.D.
pragmatic instincts, and Mr. Florida
Sanders’s more rigidly ideologi- Iowa S.C. Nev. Ala. Ky. Arizona Wis. Ind. Neb. Wash.
Hawaii Mt.
cal message. In an MSNBC in-
terview broadcast Tuesday night, FEB. 1 9 20 23 MARCH 1 5 8 15 22 APRIL 5 19 26 MAY 3 10 17 24 JUNE 7
she said the country had to “get
back to the big center,” politically. Del.
N.H. Utah Ore. N.M.
“We’ve got to get back to solving Michigan Ohio N.Y.
problems,” she said.
No Republican is likely to get
Texas
Pa.

new urgency heading such a clean shot at making the

empty-promises case against Mr.
Mo. California

into the next round. Trump in New Hampshire.

Highlighted states have
the highest numbers of
Virginia Md. Mr. Cruz faces an
uphill battle in
Over the last few weeks, the Illinois
race here has erupted in extrava- evangelical voters, a key Vt. R.I. April and May. N.J.
gant hostilities among the right- voting bloc for Mr. Cruz.
ent political camps on the Repub- of-center Republicans, as the Mass. Conn.
lican side in New Hampshire. candidates and their supporters
Gordon Humphrey, a former sen- have delivered increasingly ven-
ator and a longtime conservative omous attacks in speeches and
activist here, said frustrated Re- paid advertisements.
publicans finally had a chance to Even as these candidates took
thwart Mr. Trump’s campaign, on Mr. Trump with renewed vigor
“thanks to the people of Iowa.” Tuesday, they also redoubled Donald Trump’s Key States
Mr. Humphrey, who is support- their attacks on one another. Mr. There is little precedent for how a But Mr. Trump appears to fare best
ing Gov. John R. Kasich of Ohio, Christie referred to Mr. Rubio in candidate like Mr. Trump can go from in the South, Appalachia and the
said Mr. Cruz would probably acid terms at a morning event, Donald Trump could Iowa to the nomination, mainly because industrial Northeast, according to data
draw the most support directly describing him as “the boy in the perform well in New Minn.
there’s never been a candidate quite from Civis Analytics, a Democratic firm.
away from Mr. Trump. But in the bubble” who had never faced a Hampshire, South like him. His support is broad, and it Mr. Trump’s best state is West Virginia,
process, he said, Mr. Trump could truly taxing political test. Carolina and many Alaska spans many of the traditional ideologi- followed by New York. He fares worse
become more susceptible to a The evening before, perhaps Super Tuesday states. cal and demographic divides that farther west, in traditionally Republican
challenge from the more tradi- anticipating the outcome of the usually define the geography of areas where measures of racial
tional Republican candidates. caucuses, Mr. Bush derided both Tenn.
primary contests. resentment are lower.
“Trump has been looking good Mr. Rubio and Mr. Cruz as legis-
mainly because the sane vote has lative “backbenchers, who have Highlighted states are
where Mr. Trump is Okla.
been so broken up, so fractured,” never done anything of conse-
Mr. Humphrey said. “Now, less quence in their lives.” most popular among Kansas Mr. Trump’s best state
so.” Though Mr. Trump may yet Republicans, often in is estimated to be
areas with high levels Georgia
For three candidates who fared prevail in New Hampshire, there Me. West Virginia,
poorly in Iowa — Mr. Christie, was a palpable sense of relief of racial resentment. Idaho N.C. followed by New York.
Mr. Bush and Mr. Kasich — the among Republican leaders in the Ark. La.
New Hampshire campaign has state and nationally, as the pros- W.Va.
Miss. S.D.
become a fight for survival. Long pect of a Trump sweep in the ear-
Florida
eclipsed by Mr. Trump, they now ly primary states evaporated- Iowa S.C. Nev. Ala. Ky. Arizona Wis. Ind. Neb. Wash. Mt.
Hawaii
must also contend with Mr. Ru- .With victories in both Iowa and
bio’s status as the only candidate New Hampshire, it would have
FEB. 1 9 20 23 MARCH 1 5 8 15 22 APRIL 5 19 26 MAY 3 10 17 24 JUNE 7
outside the hard right to perform been difficult to slow his advance
well in the caucuses. in the race without a painful,
N.H. Del. Ore. N.M.
Mr. Kasich acknowledged at a monthslong nomination fight Michigan Ohio Utah
N.Y.
stop in Claremont on Tuesday against the most overtly ruthless Texas
that he could not afford a lopsid- candidate in recent memory. Pa.
ed loss in the state. “If I get Shannon McGinley, a leading Mo. California
smoked in New Hampshire,” he conservative activist, said the
said, “I’m going home.” And on Iowa outcome had buoyed Mr. Virginia Md.
Monday evening, Mr. Christie set Trump’s detractors here. Illinois
“For a lot of folks who are real- Vt. R.I. N.J.
Reporting was contributed by ly upset about the idea of having
Maggie Haberman and Alan Rap- Trump as our nominee, it gives Mass. Conn.
peport from Des Moines; Jess us hope in America — not as cra-
Bidgood from Newbury N.H.; zy and lost as we thought it might
Ashley Parker from Manchester; be,” said Ms. McGinley, who add-
and Steve Eder from Nashua, ed that she decided this weekend
N.H. to support Mr. Rubio.

Marco Rubio’s Key States

Highlighted states have
more highly educated
HILARY SWIFT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
voters, who are more
likely to vote for
moderate candidates.
The results in Iowa were good news
for Mr. Rubio, who exceeded expecta-
tions and nearly took second place. But
there is even more good news: It gets
better from here, even if it might take a
while.
Mr. Rubio held broad strength,
Minn. according to the exit polls, but he was
notably weak among “very conserva-
Alaska tive” voters and those without a college
degree. Many conservative states
appear early in the calendar, and
Tenn. especially on Super Tuesday, when a
host of Southern states and caucuses
will pose a big hurdle for candidates
Okla.
Kansas
Georgia
Me.
Idaho N.C.
who count on the support of more
moderate and secular voters.
But if Mr. Rubio can survive Super
Tuesday, he will have ample opportuni-
ties to make a comeback later in March,
including critically important primaries
in Florida (his home state) and Ohio.
The schedule becomes even more
favorable for Mr. Rubio in April and
May, when the primary season turns to
the delegate-rich moderate and
well-educated states along the coasts,
including New York, California and New
Jersey.

Ark. La.
W.Va.
Miss. S.D.
Florida Arizona Ind.
Iowa S.C. Nev. Ala. Ky. Wis. Neb. Wash.
Hawaii Mt.
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FEB. 1 9 20 23 MARCH 1 5 8 15 22 APRIL 5 19 26 MAY 3 10 17 24 JUNE 7

N.H. Del. Ore. N.M.

Michigan Ohio Utah
N.Y.
Texas
Pa.
Mo. California
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

Beating other moderate Virginia Even if Mr. Rubio loses Md.

candidates in New Illinois most early states, he
Hampshire could position Vt. could be in a good R.I. N.J.
Mr. Rubio as the position for a comeback
establishment favorite. Mass. by winning Florida, Conn.
Illinois and Ohio.
IAN THOMAS JANSEN-LONNQUIST FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Gov. John R. Kasich of Ohio, at top, and Gov. Chris Christie of

New Jersey spoke with supporters on Tuesday. The candidates
are hoping for a boost as the campaign shifts from Iowa’s cau- Note: Primary contests in Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands are not shown.
cuses to the first primary votes in New Hampshire. Colorado, North Dakota and Wyoming are not shown because the Republican Party will not vote at caucuses in those states. THE NEW YORK TIMES

With Fine-Tuning, Cruz Applies Formula That Won in Iowa to New Hampshire
By MATT FLEGENHEIMER
WINDHAM, N.H. — Senator
Ted Cruz spoke of New England
common sense. He reminded the
“Live Free or Die” state that it
had “shocked this country” by
supporting Ronald Reagan. He
invoked the local environs while
discussing Russian energy re-
sources.
“Y’all understand a New
Hampshire winter,” he said,
though the temperatures on
Tuesday were kind.
Catapulting into the first pri-
mary state after his victory in the
Iowa caucuses, Mr. Cruz arrived
at his first event on Tuesday with
a message tailored to the setting
and unmistakably familiar.
“God bless the great state of
New Hampshire!” he said, in an
echo of each of his Iowa event-
openers, save for the state.
He ticked off the main planks
of his platform — overhauling the
tax code, repealing the Afford-
able Care Act — and disparaged
the “Washington cartel.”
He grinned while recalling
pundits’ predictions that he had
“no chance” of prevailing in Iowa
just before the vote, when polls
showed him trailing Donald J.
Trump.
And most pointedly, he took di-
rect aim at his chief rivals, Mr.
Trump and Senator Marco Rubio
of Florida, denouncing each for
shifting stances on immigration.
“We said virtually the identical
things to the voters who elected
us. But when we got to Washing-
ton, Marco and I took very, very
different paths,” Mr. Cruz said in
response to a question, noting
Mr. Rubio’s work on a bipartisan
effort that included a pathway to
legal status for unauthorized im-
migrants.
He also wondered why no one
had heard a word of concern from
Mr. Trump, whose focus on immi-
gration has helped frame the
race, during the 2013 fight over
the bill. “He could have saun-
tered over to the ‘Today’ show,”
Mr. Cruz said.
For now, Mr. Cruz finds himself
fighting for votes in a state where
headwinds and tailwinds will
whip at his candidacy in suc-
‘I Don’t Feel Any Pressure,’
Trump Declares at Rally
By KATHARINE Q. SEELYE
and MAGGIE HABERMAN
MILFORD, N.H. — If people
thought that his second-place fin-
ish in Iowa had discouraged Don-
ald J. Trump or distracted him
from his goal of winning the Re-
publican presidential nomination,
Mr. Trump made it clear Tuesday
night that they were dead wrong.
In his first public appearance
since he placed second to Senator
Ted Cruz of Texas in Monday’s
Republican caucuses, Mr. Trump
told reporters and later a rally of
5,000 people here that he had
started out last year given no
chance in Iowa and ended up al-
most winning.
He also predicted he would do
better in New Hampshire be-
cause “it suits me better.” He did
not specify why, but the state has
far fewer religious voters than
Iowa. He did say New Hampshire
has “a normal voting process,”
meaning a primary, which does
not require the intense organ-
ization that Iowa’s caucuses do.
Mr. Trump looked somewhat
tired, and most of his statements
to the news media lacked his usu-
al boasts about being a winner
who does nothing but win. He did
not cite polls that put him in the
lead here, which he did frequent-
ly during the buildup to the cau-
cuses, polls that turned out to be
wrong.
He told reporters that he would
Rubio Campaign Dispatches Its Army and New Attacks
From Page A1
ers began making in phone calls
and text messages on Monday
night just minutes after the net-
works called the race, is blunt
and self-assured: The Republican
race has narrowed to a three-
man contest.
The Rubio campaign is also
eyeing new lines of attack against
rivals who have spent consider-
able time in New Hampshire, like
Gov. John R. Kasich of Ohio and
Gov. Chris Christie of New Jer-
sey, trying to prevent them from
rising in the days ahead, and di-
verting attention away from his
sudden climb.
He lobbed one of those attacks
at Mr. Christie on Tuesday,
sounding almost Trump-like
when he said the governor had
Other points of view
on the Op-Ed page
seven days a week.
The New York Times
Senator Ted Cruz arrived Tuesday to speak at Crossing Life Church in Windham, N.H. He took aim at his Republican rivals.
cession.
His success in Iowa seems like-
ly to fuel Mr. Cruz’s central argu-
ment that conservatives should
coalesce around his presidential
bid. But the electoral terrain, in a
state with more moderate lean-
ings and fewer evangelicals, is
less of a natural fit.
And after weeks spent insist-
ing that the primary had become
a “two-man race” with Mr.
Trump, Mr. Cruz must grapple
with Mr. Rubio’s stronger-than-
expected finish in Iowa.
Speaking to reporters aboard
his plane late Tuesday en route to
Greenville, S.C., Mr. Cruz de-
clined an opportunity to repeat
have preferred to win Iowa and
that he wanted to win New
Hampshire, but that if he did not,
“it wouldn’t be horrible.” He then
added, “I would like to finish
first.”
Shrugging off questions about
whether he had made mistakes
or would do anything differently
in New Hampshire, Mr. Trump
said, “I don’t feel any pressure,”
adding, “We’ll do what I have to
do.”
He was more animated at the
rally, where he excoriated the
news media for portraying him
as a loser while it cast Senator
Marco Rubio of Florida, who
came in third, as a big winner.
Trump fans who gathered here
hours before the rally said they
were not dismayed in the least
that he did not win Iowa.
“Iowa hasn’t picked a winner”
in years, said Ron Boucher, 68, a
builder who lives in Vermont.
His brother, Brian Boucher, 53,
a supermarket manager who
lives in Epsom, N.H., said his en-
thusiasm for Mr. Trump was un-
diminished because his chief
characteristic had not changed.
“He speaks the truth,” Mr. Bou-
cher said.
Mr. Trump has generally
avoided the kind of intimate retail
politicking that Iowa and New
Hampshire expect. Instead of
town hall meetings and house
parties where voters can button-
been embarrassed by receiving
less than 2 percent of the vote in
Iowa. “I think Chris has had a
tough couple of days,” he said.
“He did very poorly yesterday.”
Inside the Rubio headquarters
here, there are ample signs of a
campaign that is sprinting to the
finish.
The detailed demographic
breakdown of likely New Hamp-
shire voters tacked to the wall,
the tallies of thousands of phone
calls made and doors knocked on,
and the rankings of volunteers
who have exceeded targets all
point to a largely unnoticed effort
to build a network of support.
Ryan Fattman, 31, a state sena-
tor from central Massachusetts,
said that since July he had re-
cruited about 350 volunteers from
across his state to help campaign
for Mr. Rubio in New Hampshire,
part of a broader effort to mobi-
lize state and local politicians
from across New England.
The result, he said, has been a
volunteer-based network that
has been working quietly for
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
ELECTION
his “two-man race” assessment.
“That’s going to be a question
for the voters to decide,” he said,
standing beside his wife, Heidi,
on the charter he has nicknamed
“Constitution One.”
Mr. Cruz has set his sights well
beyond New Hampshire, which
will hold its primary next Tues-
day. His team speaks of its large
footprint in the Super Tuesday
states that vote on March 1. He
boasted of his campaign’s im-
pressive war chest; he said he
ended last year with nearly as
much cash on hand as Mr. Rubio,
Jeb Bush, Gov. Chris Christie and
Gov. John Kasich combined.
“The conservative is supposed
Donald J. Trump appeared at a rally in Milford, N.H., on Tuesday. He predicted that he would do
better in the state’s primary next Tuesday than in Iowa because “it suits me better.”
hole him, he has, through sheer
force of personality, relied on
large crowds at rallies and the
free news coverage that has fol-
lowed to drum up excitement
about his candidacy. He did say
on Tuesday night that he might
be holding more town-hall-style
meetings in the coming days
“Trump was selling the sizzle,
not the steak,” said Matt Strawn,
months. “I think their ground
game has been kind of a hidden
secret,” he said. “Part of the cam-
paign’s brilliance is not advertis-
ing everything it’s doing.”
Still, allies say Mr. Rubio is
struggling to peel away Repub-
lican donors who have warmed to
Mr. Cruz’s pitch that he is the
Some Republicans say
this is the moment for
a Florida senator.
only candidate capable of sewing
up the nomination neatly — a
message that has gained
strength since Mr. Cruz’s win in
Iowa.
In addition, Mr. Rubio is brac-
ing for aggressive attacks from
his Republican rivals; Right to
Rise, the pro-Bush super PAC,
has $1 million in advertising time
2016
to be broke,” he said, alluding to
Rick Santorum and Mike Hucka-
bee, who left Iowa with little
money despite winning the previ-
ous two caucuses.
Before Mr. Cruz’s town-hall-
style event in Windham, his
spokesman, Rick Tyler, de-
murred when asked if the cam-
paign expected to win in New
Hampshire.
“We’re running here to exceed
expectations,” he said. “I don’t
expect to win.”
His stated prediction: Mr.
Trump. (Of course, the Cruz cam-
paign probably hopes to place the
burden of high expectations on
its rival.)
a former chairman of the Repub-
lican Party of Iowa.
“Iowans were hungry for
more,” he added. “More sub-
stance. More opportunity to actu-
ally pepper Trump with ques-
tions to discern if his more recent
conservative policy conversions
were authentic. More respect for
the Iowa caucus process and tra-
ditions.”
reserved in New Hampshire
through the primary.
“It’s like an army in retreat
that’s been instructed to burn the
bridges, blow up the air fields, de-
stroy everything,” said J. Warren
Tompkins, who runs the super
PAC backing Mr. Rubio, Conserv-
ative Solutions. “It slows things
down a little. But it only leaves a
bigger mess for everyone to
clean up.”
The Rubio operation in New
Hampshire is similar to what the
campaign has constructed in
South Carolina and Nevada,
which vote later this month, and
in Florida, which has a critical
primary on March 15.
In Nevada, for instance, the
campaign is already making up-
ward of 20,000 phone calls each
week ahead of the Feb. 23 caucus-
es. It has two field offices, one in
Las Vegas and the other in Reno,
and a half-dozen paid staff mem-
bers there.
In Florida, the campaign has
launched its program for volun-
teers to make calls from home, in-
STEPHEN CROWLEY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Other allies were less re-
strained. “It’s time we win,” said
Robert C. Smith, a former New
Hampshire senator who supports
Mr. Cruz, repeating himself for
emphasis.
Mr. Smith reminded the crowd
that Pat Buchanan carried the
state in 1996 and that Mr. Smith
had won six congressional prima-
ries in the state himself.
Mr. Tyler noted that “there are
still evangelical votes” in New
Hampshire. (The candidate’s
stump speech on Tuesday includ-
ed a familiar closing: asking vot-
ers to pray.)
Mr. Tyler also argued that sev-
eral more moderate candidates
DAMON WINTER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
But Mr. Trump’s failure to or-
ganize a true get-out-the-vote op-
eration in Iowa undermined him.
He never seemed fully commit-
ted to the state, visiting only spo-
radically and rarely engaging in
the more personable campaign-
ing that voters in Iowa — and
New Hampshire — reward.
“It was apparent to me that
Trump created a large enough
IAN THOMAS JANSEN-LONNQUIST FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Senator Marco Rubio of Florida spoke on Tuesday at a cam-
paign event in Exeter, N.H. The state’s primary is Tuesday.
tending to get ahead of the state’s
absentee voting deadlines.
Mr. Rubio has maintained the
same optimistic outlook through
the highs and lows of his cam-
paign. In an interview in Iowa
last week, he predicted that his
competition was about to shrink
among candidates who went all-
in in certain states.
N A15
The first primary state
may be less of a
natural fit.
were likely to splinter the vote
among Mr. Cruz’s competitors.
But he added that several other
constituencies, like gun rights ad-
vocates and opponents of abor-
tion, were likely to be attracted to
Mr. Cruz.
Mr. Cruz has taken pains to
honor local custom. On past vis-
its, he has defended Tom Brady,
the New England Patriots quar-
terback, amid a league inquiry.
And since his Monday victory, he
has name-dropped Dunkin’ Do-
nuts, a New England-based fix-
ture of local commerce, at least
three times.
Among attendees, Mr. Cruz’s
victory in Iowa — which has had
little success in picking eventual
nominees in recent cycles —
seemed neither to galvanize nor
to dissuade prospective Cruz
supporters.
“I’m more pragmatic about it,”
Chris Pessinis, 53, of Windham,
said. He is still torn between Mr.
Cruz and Mr. Rubio.
One albatross in Iowa, Mr.
Cruz’s opposition to ethanol sub-
sidies, seemed to have earned
him admiration here. That cer-
tainly would resonate with New
Hampshire residents because of
his trustworthiness, said Carl
Johnson, 77, of Atkinson. “I like a
lot of Trump’s ideas, but it is kind
of pandering,” he said.
Near the end of his event in
Windham, Mr. Cruz took stock of
Mr. Trump’s escalation of hostil-
ities in recent weeks, when he
questioned Mr. Cruz’s eligibility
for the presidency because of his
Canadian birth and appraised
him as a “nasty guy.”
“Six weeks ago, Donald Trump
was saying every day that I was
his friend, that he loved me, that I
was terrific, that I was nice,” Mr.
Cruz said. “And now I’m an an-
chor baby.”
Another failure to
campaign one on one
could hurt in New
Hampshire.
pool of people to win the caucus,
but his campaign failed to get
them out to vote,” said Roger
Stone, a longtime adviser who
helped set up Mr. Trump’s cam-
paign but parted ways with it last
summer. Mr. Stone agreed with
Mr. Trump, however, that New
Hampshire was a better fit.
At the rally here, all of the
speakers exhorted members of
the audience to make sure they
go to the polls Tuesday.
At his news conference, Mr.
Trump did allow that perhaps his
skipping the last debate in Iowa
hurt him, but he cast it in a posi-
tive light. Referring to his staging
a fund-raiser for veterans instead
of attending the debate, he said
that if he could choose between
coming in first or coming in sec-
ond while raising $6 million for
veterans, he would choose the
fund-raising.
Mr. Trump was endorsed here
by Scott P. Brown, the former
Massachusetts senator who, af-
ter losing his re-election bid to
Elizabeth Warren, moved to New
Hampshire and ran unsuccessful-
ly against Senator Jeanne Sha-
heen. Mr. Brown said Mr. Trump
was “the one person who has the
independence and can be the
change agent to get Washington
working again.”
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“If they don’t do well enough to
continue, they’re going to have
trouble,” he said.
He did not name names, but
could easily have been referring
to any of the men he is now fight-
ing with in New Hampshire: Mr.
Bush, Mr. Christie or Mr. Kasich.
“That will sort itself out,” he
added.
A16 Ø N
Supporters of Senator Bernie Sanders at a rally on Tuesday in Keene, N.H. The state will hold its primary next Tuesday.
Clinton and Sanders Intensify Efforts
In New Hampshire After Iowa Squeaker
This article is by Amy Chozick,
Patrick Healy and Yamiche
Alcindor.
NASHUA, N.H. —Hillary Clin-
ton is digging in for a tough fight
against Senator Bernie Sanders
of Vermont in next week’s prima-
ry in New Hampshire, her advis-
ers said Tuesday, trying to spark
political momentum and fund-
raising energy after only a razor-
thin victory in the Iowa caucuses.
The Clinton campaign had con-
sidered shifting its focus to Neva-
da and South Carolina, which
hold nominating contests later in
February. But Mrs. Clinton, with
the strong support of former
President Bill Clinton, decided
she would help herself more by
closing the gap in New Hamp-
shire, where polls show Mr. Sand-
ers with a double-digit lead. The
Clintons even hope she might
pull off an upset win here, as she
did in 2008, given their long histo-
ry of campaigning in the state.
But Mr. Sanders is planning a
serious battle. As he and Mrs.
Clinton took separate charter
flights from Iowa to New Hamp-
shire before dawn on Tuesday,
Mr. Sanders and his team were
making plans to spend more than
$1 million on television commer-
cials in an attempt to solidify his
advantage. He also drew about $3
million in donations in the 24
hours after his caucus speech
Monday night, his campaign
said; with $28 million on hand,
compared with Mrs. Clinton’s $38
million, Sanders advisers ex-
pressed confidence that he would
not stumble like other insurgent
presidential candidates of the
past.
The absence of a clear political
triumph in Iowa put both Demo-
cratic candidates in unexpected
positions coming into New
Hampshire.
Mrs. Clinton had a victory
speech written for delivery on
Monday night in Des Moines, in
which she would have virtually
ignored Mr. Sanders and at-
tacked the Republican candi-
dates. News organizations did
not declare her the winner until
Amy Chozick reported from Nash-
ua, Patrick Healy from Des
Moines, and Yamiche Alcindor
from Keene, N.H. Jason Horowitz
contributed reporting from Man-
chester, N.H.
A crowd at a campaign event for Hillary Clinton on Tuesday at Winnacunnet High School in Hampton, N.H.
midday Tuesday. While she said
she was “thrilled” with the result,
Mrs. Clinton was now preparing
to use a televised town-hall for-
um on Wednesday night and a
televised debate on Thursday
night to draw pointed contrasts
with Mr. Sanders and to try to
win over New Hampshire voters
next Tuesday without the benefit
of a momentum surge from Iowa.
Still, she cast her Iowa caucus
victory, the first ever by a wom-
an, in the best possible light.
“I can tell you, I’ve won and
I’ve lost there, and it’s better to
win,” Mrs. Clinton told a crowd of
more than 1,100 people at a com-
munity college in Nashua.
“This is going to be a great
week of campaigning,” she add-
ed, noting the televised events,
the first one in which only she
and Mr. Sanders will be on stage.
(Former Gov. Martin O’Malley of
Maryland suspended his cam-
paign on Monday night.) “I am so
looking forward to engaging in a
contest of ideas on our side.”
Mr. Sanders had hoped to un-
nerve Mrs. Clinton by eking out a
win in Iowa, and instead found
himself trying to spin gold out of
his “virtual tie” with her in the
caucuses. Yet he and his advisers
welcomed the sudden prospect of
increased competition from Mrs.
Clinton here because it played
into the expectations game as the
Sanders campaign would like to
play it.
The Clinton campaign has al-
ready sought to dismiss any po-
tential victory by Mr. Sanders
here as irrelevant, given the
state’s history of rewarding can-
didates from New England. “I
know I am in a contest with your
neighbor,” Mrs. Clinton said
Tuesday night in Hampton, N.H.
“We are in his backyard.”
The Sanders campaign is argu-
ing that a victory here by Mr.
Sanders is not a certainty.
“Now we have a two-way race,
one-on-one, and it is going to be
played out here in New Hamp-
shire,” said Tad Devine a senior
strategist for the Sanders cam-
paign. “That’s our big test right
now,” he added. “We have to
demonstrate that he can take on
Hillary Clinton and defeat her.”
Mr. Sanders vowed on Tuesday
afternoon to campaign hard
across New Hampshire and said
that as in Iowa, his campaign
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
ELECTION
would focus on getting support-
ers to the polls on election night.
“Secretary Clinton won here in
2008,” he told a group of reporters
in Keene after a rally. “Secretary
Clinton has a very formidable po-
litical organization and, as you
know, has virtually the entire po-
litical establishment on her side.
So, you know, we are taking noth-
ing for granted.”
For the Clintons, the New
Hampshire primary holds an
emotional attachment. It is the
state that made Mr. Clinton the
“Comeback Kid” after he over-
came scandal to place second
here in 1992. Mrs. Clinton said
she “found my own voice” in New
Hampshire in 2008 with a sur-
prise victory here after finishing
third in Iowa.
Advisers have encouraged the
Clintons to devote more time on
Nevada and South Carolina but
have been met with resistance
because the couple refuse to en-
tertain the idea that what could
be the last presidential campaign
of their political careers would in-
Caucus results leave
both candidates in
unexpected positions.
clude a loss here.Mrs. Clinton did
not alter her stump speech on
Tuesday, but she did turn the fo-
cus to a broiling debate inside the
Democratic Party, one that pits
her more moderate but achiev-
able goals against the liberal am-
bitions of the big government vi-
sion of Mr. Sanders. Clinton ad-
visers said there were no plans
for Mrs. Clinton to turn sharply
negative against Mr. Sanders, but
rather she planned to focus on
courting young voters and liber-
als, the two parts of the electorate
that overwhelmingly favored Mr.
Sanders in Iowa. New Hampshire
polls have shown that many
young Democrats here are deep-
ly skeptical of Mrs. Clinton’s hon-
esty and view her unfavorably.
Both candidates are expected
to focus intensely on New Hamp-
shire, with Clinton advisers say-
ing that Mrs. Clinton may leave
the state only for potential fund-
raising events. Mr. Devine, Mr.
2016
TODD HEISLER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Sanders’s strategist, said Mr.
Sanders might spend a night at
home in Burlington, and next
week could dip into Massachu-
setts, which has an election on
March 1.
On Tuesday he was in Keene,
near the Vermont border. “If we
have a strong base of support in
places we want to make sure it’s
enthusiastic,” Mr. Devine said.
The campaign will be staging ral-
lies in the more populous south-
ern parts of the state, where Mr.
Sanders also will air more than $1
million worth of television ads.
Mr. Devine seemed confident
that what separated Mr. Sanders
from insurgent candidates of the
past was a vast fund-raising net-
work of small donors that neu-
tralized Mrs. Clinton’s establish-
ment edge. Mr. Sanders has been
on a fund-raising tear recently,
raising $20 million online in Janu-
ary alone. On Tuesday evening
the Sanders campaign sent out a
new fund-raising appeal to sup-
porters pointing out that the cau-
cus results were so close that
they had to flip a coin in some
precincts. By contrast, in New
Hampshire, the Sanders cam-
paign wrote, “we want to come
away with a sure victory.”
The Clinton campaign has de-
clined to reveal her recent fund-
raising figures, but allies of the
Clintons say that her online giv-
ing is less robust than Mr. Sand-
ers’s and that she remembers
painfully how she was caught un-
aware in 2008 when her cam-
paign ran low on money.
The uncertain outcome in Iowa
dealt a jolting psychological blow
to the Clinton campaign, leaving
volunteers, donors and aides con-
fused throughout the night, and
then crestfallen. The mood im-
proved on Tuesday afternoon, af-
ter The Associated Press called
the caucuses in Mrs. Clinton’s fa-
vor, but it was hardly the kind of
decisive victory her supporters
and aides had hoped would put to
rest any doubts about her
strength as a candidate.
So on Tuesday Mrs. Clinton
urged the voters who gave her a
surprise win in 2008 to get behind
her again.
“New Hampshire, come with
me this week,” she told the crowd
in Nashua just before The Associ-
ated Press called the Iowa race. A
woman shouted, “We are!”
RICHARD PERRY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
ON THE TRAIL
‘THERE’S NO BUSINESS LIKE . . . ’
The Cruz Method of Relieving Stress?
Singing the Impromptu Broadway Tune
WINDHAM, N.H. — Ted
Cruz seems to appreciate at
least one New York value.
For at least the second time
in recent days, the Texas sena-
tor’s wife, Heidi, on Tuesday de-
scribed his method of relieving
tension during anxious cam-
paign moments: show tunes.
“He’ll call me and just sing
me a Broadway tune,” Mrs.
Cruz told a crowd here
It can happen without warn-
ing, “right before one of these
debates” or “in a stressful mo-
ment in a state," she said.
It is usually well received —
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Ex-Governor Gives a Preview of Attacks
Trump Can Expect in Race’s Round II
John H. Sununu, the former
governor of New Hampshire
who has been voicing increas-
ing concern about what a Don-
ald J. Trump victory in his
state’s primary would mean for
his party, twisted the knife on
Tuesday morning after the bil-
lionaire’s second-place finish in
the Iowa caucuses — and of-
fered a preview of the attacks
Mr. Trump is about to face.
“There were two winners last
night — one was Cruz, and one
was Rubio — and there was one
loser last night. That was
Trump,” Mr. Sununu, who was
governor in the 1980s and later
was White House chief of staff
under the first President Bush,
said in a telephone interview.
Senator Ted Cruz of Texas
came in first Monday in the Re-
publican caucuses, with Mr.
Trump four percentage points
behind him. Mr. Rubio was one
percentage point behind Mr.
Trump.
Mr. Sununu, 76, who has not
endorsed anyone in the race,
said he thought about half the
voters in New Hampshire were
“undecided or prepared to
change their mind” going into
the primary on Tuesday.
“I think Trump’s loss will re-
mind people that the guy has a
history of losses,” he said.
From there, Mr. Sununu ap-
IAN THOMAS JANSEN-LONNQUIST FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Meg Whitman of Hewlett Packard Enterprise at Christie
campaign headquarters in Bedford, N.H., on Tuesday.
ENDORSEMENTS
A Silicon Valley Executive Turns
On a Former California Ticketmate
BEDFORD, N.H. — Carly
Fiorina has run for president on
her credentials as a Silicon Val-
ley executive, presenting her
tenure leading Hewlett-Pack-
ard as a case study in bold lead-
ership.
But a different Hewlett-Pack-
ard chief executive hit the trail
in New Hampshire on Tuesday.
Meg Whitman, the former eBay
executive who has led Hewlett-
Packard since 2011, appeared
on Tuesday morning alongside
Gov. Chris Christie of New Jer-
sey, and she plans to campaign
with him throughout the week.
Ms. Whitman and Ms. Fiori-
na have a history: They ran on
the same statewide ticket in
California in 2010, Ms. Whitman
as the Republican nominee for
governor and Ms. Fiorina as
the party’s candidate for Sen-
ELIMINATION ROUND
Kasich Brushes Off Caucus Finish
And Puts All His Chips on Next Vote
CLAREMONT, N.H. — Gov.
John R. Kasich of Ohio urged
voters here Tuesday to keep
him in the presidential race, a
day after a paltry showing in
the Iowa caucuses, where he
chose to barely compete.
“If I get smoked in New
Hampshire, I’m going home,”
Mr. Kasich told a crowd of
about 75 in a refurbished mill
complex here. “If I do well in
New Hampshire, I’m going for-
ward. So it’s all up to you.”
Mr. Kasich placed eighth in
the Iowa caucuses, and he en-
“he never ceases to defuse a
stressful moment with a mo-
ment of levity,” Mrs. Cruz said
— but not always.
“I’m thinking, ‘I’m on a fi-
nance call right now,’” Mrs.
Cruz recalled. “Do you really
need to be doing this?”
Mrs. Cruz detailed neither
the quality of her husband’s
performances nor his favored
song choices.
A spokeswoman did not im-
mediately respond to a mes-
sage seeking Mr. Cruz’s theatri-
cal preferences.
MATT FLEGENHEIMER
SCOTT EISEN/GETTY IMAGES
John H. Sununu said the
one loser in the Iowa caucus-
es was Donald J. Trump.
peared to read off line items
from an opposition research
file, talking about Mr. Trump’s
business bankruptcies and the
difficulties encountered by
Trump University.
“There is no longer Trump
Vodka,” Mr. Sununu continued,
also mentioning “Trump fra-
grances” and “three magazines
that Mr. Trump put his name
on.”
A spokeswoman for Mr.
Trump did not respond to an
email seeking comment.
MAGGIE HABERMAN
ate. Both were defeated.
Delivering a joint pep talk
with Mr. Christie to supporters
at his campaign headquarters,
Ms. Whitman praised him as
the candidate best equipped to
manage the presidency. With-
out mentioning either Presi-
dent Obama or Mr. Christie’s
Republican opponents by
name, Ms. Whitman said it
would be a mistake to turn over
the presidency to another first-
term senator.
In a brief interview, Ms.
Whitman said she admired Ms.
Fiorina, but believed that she
lacked the necessary experi-
ence to be president.
“I have a lot of respect for
her, but I think Chris Christie is
our best man for the job,” Ms.
Whitman said.
ALEXANDER BURNS
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
tered the final week of his all-
out campaign in New Hamp-
shire, a bid heavily premised on
winning over the independent-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
minded voters of this state, one
town hall at a time.
“I know how to do these
things, I know how to pull peo-
ple together, and that’s precise-
ly what we’re going to do,” Mr.
Kasich said.
“That’s my story and I’m
sticking to it, and I’ll take some
polite applause now.”
JESS BIDGOOD
 THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 ØN A17

Dallas Reports a Case

Of Zika Spread by Sex
From Page A1
Health officials now face the
prospect of stopping an infection
that is usually silent and for
which there are no widely avail-
able tests; it may be transmis-
sible sexually, yet there may be
no sign until a child is born.
“This opens up a whole new
range of prevention issues,” said
Dr. William Schaffner, chief of
preventive medicine at Vander-
bilt University Medical School.
Still, he cautioned that sexual
transmission is probably rare
compared with the viral spread
by mosquitoes, taking place in
more than 20 countries and terri-
tories in Latin America and the
Caribbean.
“Mosquito transmission is the
highway, whereas sexual trans-
mission is the byway,” Dr.
Schaffner said. “Sexual transmis-
sion cannot account for this sud-
den and widespread transmis-
sion of this virus.”
Scientists have suspected for
several years that Zika could be
transmitted sexually. In 2008, a
malaria specialist who caught the
By contrast, British health au-
thorities suggested last week
that couples delay efforts to con-
ceive for one month if either part-
ner had just returned from a
country where Zika was spread-
ing. Public Health England sug-
gested that all men use condoms
for at least 28 days after return-
ing, and that men with Zika
symptoms, including fever, rash,
red eyes or joint pain, avoid hav-
ing unprotected sex for six
months.
Like the C.D.C., British health
officials had previously advised
pregnant women to avoid travel
to affected countries.
In the United States, the possi-
bility of sexual transmission “has
really hit a nerve in the corporate
community,” said Dr. David O.
Freedman, an epidemiologist at
the University of Alabama at Bir-
mingham who is sometimes
called on to advise businesses
about medical issues in travel.
Business travelers to Latin
America and the Caribbean now
must worry about passing it to
their partners, he said: “There’s
a lot of concern out there, but just JENNA SCHOENEFELD FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Zika virus while gathering mos-
quitoes in Africa passed the in-
fection to his wife shortly after
his return to Northern Colorado.
Because his wife had not left
the state and there were no mos-
quitoes in the region capable of
carrying Zika — and because the
couple did not infect any of their
four children — experts conclud-
ed the only logical explanation
was transmission through sex.
Last year, French scientists de-
scribed finding viable Zika virus
in the semen of a 44-year-old Ta-
hitian man who had recovered
from an infection during a 2013
outbreak in French Polynesia.
The investigators could not de-
termine how long the virus had
persisted because he had had
more than one episode of fever
that year that might have been
related to the Zika virus.
The C.D.C. confirmed the Zika
infections in Dallas. Health offi-
cials in Dallas said that the per-
son infected during sex had not
left the United States, and that
there was no documented trans-
mission of the virus by mosqui-
toes within the city.
The returnee from Venezuela
had visible symptoms of Zika in-
fection, a spokeswoman for the
county said, but she did not de-
scribe exactly what they were.
The health department did not
describe the gender of each part-
ner. The only two previously
known cases suggesting that sex-
ual transmission was possible in-
volved men with visible blood in
their semen, and scientists theo-
rized that the virus had infected
their testes or prostates.
In its statement on the Texas
case, the C.D.C. noted that there
was “no risk to a developing fe-
tus,” presumably implying that
neither partner was pregnant.
Although Zika virus infection
causes relatively mild symptoms
in adults, scientists suspect it is
behind a surge in cases of devas-
tating birth defects, including mi-
crocephaly, in Brazil.
Until Tuesday, the C.D.C. had
posted only a brief acknowledg-
ment on its website that sexual
transmission had “been report-
ed.” There had been no mention
of the possibility on its advisory
pages for travelers, nor did it ad-
vise the use of condoms.
Illegal Border Crossings
By Families Drop Sharply
By JULIA PRESTON
The number of women and
children illegally crossing the
southwest border into the United
States dropped sharply in Janu-
ary, the Department of Homeland
Security reported Tuesday, re-
versing a surge late last year that
Obama administration officials
feared could become a chaotic in-
flux like the one in 2014.
A 65 percent drop from Decem-
ber to January in crossings by
families — mostly women with
their children from three vio-
lence-torn countries in Central
America — came after widely
publicized raids in the first days
of this year in which 121 migrants
were arrested for deportation.
The Homeland Security secre-
tary, Jeh Johnson, called the new
border figures “encouraging,”
but he said the deportations
would continue, clarifying for the
no data to address it.”
The Texas case “is going to
raise a lot more concern,” said
Scott Weaver, director of the In-
stitute for Human Infections and
Immunity at the University of
Texas Medical Branch in Galves-
ton and an expert on the virus.
He said it would be important
to identify other factors that were
red flags for transmission
through sex. For example, the
men in the cases in Colorado and
French Polynesia both had blood
in their semen.
Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, director
of the National Institute of Al-
lergy and Infectious Diseases,
said it was important to deter-
mine whether the virus survived
in semen longer than it does in
the blood, from which it usually
disappears after a week or two as
the victim recovers.
“We have no idea right now
how long Zika is present in the
semen,” Dr. Fauci said. “We need
to find that out, and we need to
find that out pretty quickly.”
After nearly 40 years of study-
ing the Ebola virus, doctors
learned for the first time just last
year that it could survive in se-
men for weeks or months and in-
fect women through sex.
The prospect of transmission
from men who never had symp-
toms could pitch clinicians into
uncharted waters.
“If this can occur in the com-
plete absence of signs or symp-
toms, then it’s going to be very
tough to get a handle on how high
the risk is,” Dr. Weaver said.
Experts in mosquito-borne dis-
eases expect some local trans-
mission of the Zika virus through
mosquitoes in Florida and along
the Gulf Coast once the weather
warms up. How far it spreads will
depend on how aggressive mos-
quito control is.
Dr. Kristy Murray, an infec-
tious disease specialist at Texas
Children’s Hospital, said there
had been seven confirmed Zika
cases in Houston, where she is
based, all in travelers back from
Zika-infested areas.
Local health authorities are
girding for battle against mosqui-
toes when it gets warmer.
“It will be really interesting to
see what happens this summer,”
Dr. Murray said.
ings, but he said a one-month de-
cline “does not mean we can dial
back our border security efforts.”
Officials said Mr. Johnson went
to Capitol Hill on Tuesday to
meet with Representatives Luis
V. Gutiérrez of Illinois and Zoe
Lofgren of California, Democrats
who had demanded an end to the
raids, to tell them that the en-
forcement would continue.
In January there were 3,145 ap-
prehensions by the Border Patrol
of migrants in families, down
from 8,974 in December. Addi-
tionally, agents caught 3,113 chil-
dren crossing without parents in
January, a 54 percent decrease
from 6,786 in December. Overall
apprehensions at the southwest
border declined 36 percent from
December and were at the lowest
levels since January 2015, accord-
ing to the figures.
It was not clear what had
Officer Edward Lee answering a patrol call. The average time for answering a call has increased 190 percent since 2010.
San Bernardino Police Lack Resources for Basics
From Page A11
San Bernardino once deployed
a much larger force against that
threat. But that created a huge
obligation to the state-run pen-
sion system to finance an unusu-
ally generous retirement pack-
age. Officers can retire at 50 and
collect 3 percent of their highest
salary for every year of service.
Many stay longer, further raising
pension obligations. In 2000, the
city contribution to the state pen-
sion fund equaled 14 percent of
police officers’ and firefighters’
pay. By 2012, it was 39 percent.
The Great Recession saddled
San Bernardino with one of the
nation’s highest home-foreclo-
sure rates and gutted its property
tax revenues. By the time offi-
cials declared bankruptcy in Au-
gust 2012, police officers had
agreed to shoulder more of their
pension costs, reducing their
take-home pay by nearly 15 per-
cent. Amid talk that the county
sheriff’s department might take
over policing, San Bernardino of-
ficers fled to more secure jobs.
At its peak in 2008, the de-
partment employed 346 sworn of-
ficers. Today, there are about 220
— a 36 percent reduction.
The effect of those cuts has
been palpable. The narcotics and
vice division lost half of its 16 nar-
cotics officers; the team that po-
liced street sales was disbanded.
Four community-policing offices,
each with four officers, have
shrunk to one four-person team
covering the entire city.
The traffic division, reduced by
Professor Resigns Amid Sexual Misconduct Inquiry
From Page A11
vestigation had not found evi-
dence to support the claim.
Subsequently, he gave permis-
sion to Princeton to examine his
personnel file. Chicago, too, re-
ceived permission to look at the
file, Dr. Gilad said, adding that
the examination of the records
did not raise red flags.
Separately, Dr. Gilad acknowl-
edged, during the interviews of
Dr. Lieb, he admitted that he had
had a monthslong affair with a
graduate student in his laborato-
ry at the University of North Car-
olina.
At Chicago, the hiring commit-
tee struggled, Dr. Gilad said, to
balance a desire to protect stu-
dents with a desire not to convict
someone without evidence. He
said Dr. Lieb had not been found
guilty of any offense at North
Carolina. The department of hu-
man genetics voted unanimously
to hire him.
NORTHWEST
Washington: 3 Teenage Brothers
Held in Killings at Homeless Camp
more than half, no longer polices
streets at night. Officers no long-
er respond to noninjury auto ac-
cidents. City traffic deaths hit a
record high in 2015.
Fewer crimes are being solved
as well. Officers cleared 14.6 per-
cent of robberies last year, com-
pared with 22 percent in 2012, and
20 percent of aggravated as-
saults, compared with more than
51 percent in 2012. Cleared vehi-
cle thefts dropped 40 percent.
The average time to respond to
a call for help has risen drastical-
ly since 2010, by 75 percent for the
most serious emergencies and
190 percent over all. “We had a
guy who came in here with a bag,
loaded it with what he wanted
and walked out the back door,”
said Linda Sutherland, who owns
the downtown Fun Corner cos-
Jarrod Burguan, the chief, at a briefing on the terror attack in
December. He has proposed a $50.6 million rebuilding plan.
“It’s hard to say this in retro-
spect,” Dr. Gilad said, “but what’s
the value of investigating any-
thing if an unsubstantiated alle-
gation itself invalidates the candi-
date?”
But Joe Thornton, a faculty
member in the department who
raised objections before the vote,
said in an interview, “I don’t
think that’s the right standard to
use.” He added, “It may be a legal
standard, but we should be capa-
ble of making more nuanced
judgments about the environ-
ment we’re creating for human
beings that are doing and learn-
ing science.”
Chicago, North Carolina and
Princeton declined to answer
questions about the details of the
North Carolina case.
Universities say they need to
protect victims of harassment
from being identified and that
there are also cases of false accu-
sations. Some universities may
be subject to state laws that pro-
hibit the disclosure of certain in-
National Briefing
WEST
California: Los Angeles Charges
Gas Company in Leak
Los Angeles prosecutors have filed criminal
tume shop with her husband,
Steve. “We called the police, and
they said: ‘We can’t arrest him.
We don’t have the resources.’”
Nick Gonzalez, who heads the
Arrowhead Neighborhood Asso-
ciation in northern San Bernardi-
no, said officers were hardly to
blame. “You have the bad guys
moving in and the cops trying to
keep them in line, but it’s an im-
possible task,” he said. “They
can’t compete.”
Detective Wicks, at 39 a 12-
year veteran, called such judg-
ments too harsh, but he said the
sheer volume of calls forced offi-
cers to focus on serious crimes at
the expense of petty ones.
On summer nights, he said, his
onboard computer screen may
list 50 and even 75 calls awaiting
MONICA ALMEIDA/THE NEW YORK TIMES
formation. They may sign non-
disclosure agreements with de-
parting employees to avoid tar-
nishing each other’s reputation,
legal experts said.
Representative Jackie Speier,
Democrat of California, is consid-
ering introducing legislation to
compel schools to disclose any
sexual harassment record of fac-
ulty members when they are
changing jobs, though it is not
clear how the measure will fare.
Some Chicago students, too,
say they believe there should be
a record shared among universi-
ties.
“Even if they did a full in-
vestigation and didn’t find any-
thing, notes should be available
to potential employers,” said Erin
Fry, a graduate student in Chica-
go’s department of human genet-
ics. “They say it’s to protect pri-
vacy, but in the case of sexual
misconduct it just protects people
like Jason Lieb.”
Dr. Lieb’s behavior at Chicago
became widely known because it
criminal conviction would help “prevent simi-
lar public health threats in the future." Also
Tuesday, Attorney General Kamala Harris
joined a long list of parties suing the utility
company over the leak.
response by the 30 or so officers
on patrol. Although a recent
evening patrol was unusually
slow, he was working an extra
three and a half hours to fill a gap
in coverage.
Yet an upswing may be at
hand. Chief Burguan, who was
promoted in 2013, said he hoped a
restructuring would place more
officers on the street and im-
prove coordination among divi-
sions. The police officers’ union,
which might have been expected
to oppose parts of the proposal,
instead has embraced it.
Already, the chief has hired ci-
vilians at lower cost to replace
sworn officers who held desk
jobs. His plan envisions rebuild-
ing the force to 320 officers and
upgrading ancient office and
cruiser computers and the cruis-
er fleet, half of which is more
than 10 years old.
The plan awaits a bankruptcy
judge’s approval. A major credi-
tor has suggested it might oppose
the plan. But hints of a revival
are already appearing. The turn-
over of police officers, which
peaked in 2014, dropped more
than a third last year. A recent
job fair drew a throng of potential
applicants. And the department’s
performance during the attack in
December has lifted morale and,
officials hope, its reputation.
“We’ve kind of stabilized,” said
Eric McBride, the deputy chief.
“We were thrust into the lime-
light a bit, and people said: ‘Hey,
those San Bernardino guys were
kicked around. But they per-
formed.’”
took place in part at a crowded
party attended by dozens of grad-
uate students and several faculty
members. As students returned
to campus from the resort in Ga-
lena, Ill., where the retreat was
held, faculty and staff received
multiple harassment complaints
that universities are obligated to
investigate under the federal law
that guarantees all students
equal access to education.
Many of the graduate students
at the party would have been can-
didates to work in Dr. Lieb’s lab-
oratory; some already had. Ms.
Wake scheduled a meeting with
graduate students on Wednesday
to discuss the findings.
Informed by a reporter about
the circumstances under which
Dr. Lieb had resigned from Chi-
cago, William Kier, the chairman
of the biology department at
North Carolina during the time
that Dr. Lieb was under investi-
gation, said he was dismayed. He
could not comment on personnel
issues, he said.
IAN LOVETT
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW

first time since the raids that he
planned more removals.
With that announcement, Mr.
Johnson rebuffed a host of critics
who had called for a halt to raids
to deport Central American asy-
lum seekers, including more than
150 Democratic lawmakers in
caused the drop in the migrant
flow. Women held in detention
centers in South Texas said they
were fleeing from an epidemic of
killings and extortion by criminal
gangs that had spread even to
rural villages, especially in El
Salvador and Honduras.
Three teenagers arrested as suspects in
shooting deaths of two people at a homeless
encampment in Seattle were ordered Tuesday
to remain in custody while prosecutors decide
on charges against them. The suspects, ages
13, 16 and 17, are brothers, and lived in a tent
with their mother, police said. They were ar-
misdemeanor charges against an energy
company for failing to immediately report a
natural gas leak that began in October and
has forced thousands from their homes.  The
Southern California Gas Company, which
owns the leaking well that has pumped tons of
California: Optimism Despite
Falling Short on Water Goal
Californians used 18 percent less water in De-
cember and for a third straight month fell
short of the 25 percent conservation mandate
set by Gov. Jerry Brown, state officials said
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

Congress. Both Hillary Clinton
and Senator Bernie Sanders of
Vermont, the contenders for the
Democratic presidential nomina-
tion, have also criticized the
raids. Immigration agents had
not conducted any high-profile
raids since arrests on Jan. 3.
Mr. Johnson did not draw any
direct connection between the
raids and the steep drop in cross-
In January, the Obama admin-
istration announced that it was
working with the United Nations
to create a new refugee program
for those two countries and Gua-
temala, which would allow mi-
grants to apply in the region
without risking a journey to the
United States border. But offi-
cials have not announced a time-
table for that effort to begin.
rested on Monday at a homeless encamp-
ment near where the shooting occurred. Pros-
ecutors have until Friday to decide what to
charge the suspects with, the prosecutor’s of-
fice said. Three other people were injured in
the shooting on Jan. 26 at a homeless en-
campment under Interstate 5 known as the
Jungle. The police have said the shooting
stemmed from a low-level drug dispute.
ASHLEY SOUTHALL
natural gas into the air for more than three
months, was charged with three counts of
failing to report the release of hazardous ma-
terials from Oct. 23 to Oct. 26, and one count
of discharging air contaminants, from Oct. 23
to the present. The company could face fines
of up to $25,000 a day for each day that state
regulators were not notified about the leak.
Fines of $1,000 per day could also be applied
for the pollution violation. Jackie Lacey, the
Los Angeles district attorney, said that a
Tuesday. However, the State Water Resources
Control Board reported that California will
likely beat its long-term conservation goal.
The state has saved a combined 25.5 percent
since Governor Brown issued the mandate in
June calling for savings from 2013 use rates,
the agency said. Average monthly water use
declined from 76 gallons for each person in
November to 67 gallons in December, the sec-
ond-lowest rate since water-use reporting be-
gan in June 2014, officials reported. (AP)
A18 0N
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Gun Tests and Tears at Trial
Of Officer Accused in Killing
Jurors Assess Level of Force Required to Shoot
By SARAH MASLIN NIR
One by one, the jurors held the Glock
9-millimeter pistol that had belonged to
Police Officer Peter Liang, from which a
bullet ricocheted down a housing project
stairwell and killed an unarmed man in
November 2014.
In turn, each juror aimed the gun at the
back wall of the courtroom and squeezed
the trigger. Each click was audible. In the
audience, some started in their seats.
The dramatic demonstration took
place at State Supreme Court in Brook-
lyn on Tuesday, the second week of the
trial of Officer Liang, who faces man-
slaughter and other charges in the death
of Akai Gurley, 28. A bullet from the offi-
cer’s gun pierced Mr. Gurley’s heart in a
stairwell at the Louis H. Pink Houses in
the East New York section of Brooklyn.
Earlier on Tuesday, Melissa Butler,
who was with Mr. Gurley on the stair-
case, described her attempts to revive
him on the landing.
“I leaned over him in a puddle of blood
Groundhog
In Star Turn.
No Mayor?
No Problem.
Staten Island Rite
Augurs Early Spring
By ELI ROSENBERG
Staten Island Chuck appeared before
an excited crowd on Tuesday morning
and did not see his shadow, leading to the
prediction of an early spring.
There was something else — or some-
one, to be more precise — Chuck did not
see: Mayor Bill de Blasio.
Swirling around those gathered for the
Groundhog Day ceremony were whis-
pers that the mayor had purposely
avoided the event, given his troubled his-
tory with the groundhog: his 2014 fum-
bling of Chuck — and the creature’s sub-
sequent death — followed by allegations
of a cover-up by zoo officials.
Instead, thrust into the leadership
void was Kathy Hochul, the state’s lieu-
tenant governor, whose job as second-in-
command to Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo
may have accustomed her to leading
events that others have sought to avoid.
Staten Island’s Groundhog Day cele-
bration, held for 35 years, may have been
the highest-profile appearance for Ms.
Hochul in her yearlong tenure as lieuten-
ant governor — a break from recent
work, which has included speaking at the
annual seminar of the International Soci-
ety of Automation’s Niagara Frontier
Section, addressing the New York State
Association of County Clerks and pro-
moting Mr. Cuomo’s agenda at Bingham-
ton University.
That is not to say the event was a com-
plete breeze. At one time perhaps low-
hanging political fruit, the Groundhog
Day celebration has sometimes been
perilous for mayors in recent years,
causing one a lightly bitten index finger
and another a lightly bruised reputation.
Lieutenant Governor Hochul, who
called the invitation an “honor,” admitted
the pressure was on. “It’s like being in
the Super Bowl,” she said afterward.
“You got to get it right.”
Get it right she did. Where Mayor Mi-
chael R. Bloomberg’s attempts to pull the
furry prognosticator out of his hut
A Champion of Wounded Outcasts, Right Until the End
In the courthouse lobby, the short,
white-haired man seemed to be more
clothes than body, bundled in a coat and
scarf. It was a December day in 2013.
“Let me hold your arm,” he said. “If
you don’t mind.”
JIM With that, Myron Beldock
took my forearm. Short,
DWYER slow steps brought him to
the curb on Monroe Place
ABOUT
NEW YORK in Brooklyn Heights, and
then into a cab with his wife
and legal partner, Karen L. Dippold.
Some months earlier, a closing door had
knocked him down, and doctors looking
at his shoulder found cancer. Due in the
appellate division to argue the cause of
an innocent man he had been repre-
senting for years, Mr. Beldock had
stopped taking pain killers a few days
before, fretting that the medicine might
cost him a step in court.
He got out of his sickbed and made
his case that December, and was
pleased with the reactions of the judges
but unwilling to predict their decision,
which was months off.
“Not a bad day,” he said getting in the
Email: dwyer@nytimes.com
Twitter: @jimdwyernyt
and urine,” an emotional Ms. Butler said.
“I was telling him to stay with me, I am
getting him help,” she said. “It was a soft
voice.”
Officer Liang’s gun fired into the stair-
well as he opened the door of the eighth
floor staircase. Firearms experts who
have previously testified described mod-
ifications made to police guns that in-
crease the amount of pressure required
to discharge a bullet. The jurors who
elected to pull the trigger for themselves
appeared to be testing just how much
force needed to be applied for the gun to
fire.
Ms. Butler, who said she met her
boyfriend Mr. Gurley said she met Mr.
Gurley at a shop near the Pink Houses in
2011, when he offered to pay for her pur-
chases and she refused. They spent the
evening of his death at her family’s
apartment, on the seventh floor of 2724
Linden Boulevard, with her family. Ms.
Butler played with Mr. Gurley and
Continued on Page A21
earned him the damaged digit in 2009,
Ms. Hochul gave Chuck space. She
smiled and waited patiently as he was
delivered into a plexiglass pen by a small
lift. At first, the rodent appeared over-
whelmed. He turned his back to the audi-
ence, and the cameras, scarcely moving
from where he had been delivered.
Eventually, he worked his way over to
a biscuit in the pen and seemed to warm
to the crowd. (The ceremony was
tweaked after Chuck’s fall in 2014: The
animal appeared in the pen and was not
held aloft by a public official.)
Ms. Hochul reached over the walls of
the pen to beckon Chuck, as other offi-
cials sharing the stage glanced ner-
vously in her direction. Eventually, he
was plucked from the pen by a zoo em-
ployee, who carried him to the podium as
the crowd cheered the promise of an
early spring. As Chuck squirmed in the
employee’s steady grip, Ms. Hochul gave
cab, age 84, now the tail of a comet.
Mr. Beldock, who died on Monday,
had an important hand in cases that
helped define the landscape of 20th-
century law, and in others that merely
righted the grievous wrongs done to
unknown people.
That day in 2013, he was in court on
behalf of Everton Wagstaffe, who did
not have a penny to his name but had
written to Mr. Beldock from prison,
pleading for his help. Solely on the
word of a crack-addicted police in-
former, Mr. Wagstaffe and another man,
Reginald Connor, had been convicted of
kidnapping a teenage girl, Jennifer
Negron, who was found dead Jan. 1,
1992, in East New York, Brooklyn.
By the time Mr. Beldock first heard
from Mr. Wagstaffe in 2006, the lawyer
was in his late 70s. He had a full docket
of lawsuits and appeals. Yet he took on
Mr. Wagstaffe, and, in his early 80s,
climbed stairs and knocked on doors in
East New York hunting for witnesses;
he wrote volumes of motions and let-
ters; he wangled expert help from legal
colleagues who could not turn him
down. He knew what he was getting
into because he had done it before.
In the 1960s, Mr. Beldock had been
Melissa Butler, who was with the victim, Akai Gurley, on the night of the shooting, left the courtroom after testifying.
the groundhog a few quick strokes with
her hand.
The lieutenant governor maintained
that she had been prepared to take more
decisive steps. “There was no way he
wasn’t going to come out under my
one of the lawyers for George Whit-
more, an eighth-grade dropout who was
picked up in Brooklyn and interrogated
until he confessed falsely to multiple
rapes and three murders in two bor-
oughs. The confession ran 61 typed
pages. Reporters found multiple alibi
witnesses who testified that he was
more than 100 miles away at the time of
some of the crimes. (Mr. Whitmore had
been in South Jersey watching the “I
Have a Dream” speech of the Rev. Dr.
Martin Luther King Jr.)
The Whitmore confession was the
“most recent conspicuous example of
police coercion,” the Supreme Court
said in its 1966 Miranda decision, which
held that suspects in crimes must be
informed of their rights to counsel.
The fiction of Mr. Whitmore’s confes-
sion persuaded the state to abandon the
death penalty in 1965. Nevertheless,
Brooklyn prosecutors continued a case
against him using other evidence that
Mr. Beldock eventually showed was as
flimsy as the confession.
He also represented the boxer Rubin
(Hurricane) Carter for more than a
decade before a federal district judge,
H. Lee Sarokin, dismissed murder and
PHOTOGRAPHS BY BRYAN THOMAS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Lt. Gov. Kathy Hochul, above, announcing the result of the Groundhog Day
expedition by the real Chuck, left, on Tuesday at the Staten Island Zoo.
watch,” she said. “I was going to give him
a couple more minutes; then I was going
to have to take a little more aggressive
action.”
But, the specter of the missing mayor
hovered over the proceeding, the subject
of numerous laugh lines from the pre-
senters (“There have been allegations of
foul play in the past,” said Michael E. Mc-
Mahon, the Staten Island district attor-
ney).
In the audience, one person theorized
that the mascot on stage was really New
York City’s chief executive in disguise,
but the costumed groundhog was not tall
enough. Others wondered if Mr. de Bla-
sio’s pilgrimage to Iowa to campaign for
Hillary Clinton had somehow been timed
to avoid another encounter with the
G. PAUL BURNETT/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Myron Beldock in 2004.
robbery convictions against Mr. Carter
and John Artis. Mr. Beldock and Ms.
Dippold were lawyers in the civil case
of the Central Park Five, whose convic-
tions of gang-raping a jogger were
overturned.
BRYAN R. SMITH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
groundhog.
“He’s hiding from Chuck,” Tamar Ow-
ens, a volunteer docent at the zoo, said.
Ms. Owens said she was a veteran
Chuck watcher and had witnessed both
the bite and the fall, but also had seen
other public figures successfully stand in
for mayors, as Christine C. Quinn, who
was the City Council speaker, did for Mr.
Bloomberg in 2013.
“It’s just like any other animal,” Ms.
Owens said. “You have to see how the
animal is feeling and respond to it.”
The mayor’s office, though it brushed
off claims that Mr. de Blasio had inten-
tionally avoided the event, pointed to a
comment he made last week: “If there
were a groundhog union, they would ask
me to miss Groundhog Day.”
Working from prison, Mr. Wagstaffe
spent two decades piecing together
records that showed the impossibility of
the account given by detectives and the
informer. A friend found Mr. Beldock’s
name online. Besides his own legwork,
Mr. Beldock galvanized lawyers from
the Innocence Project, the law firm of
Davis Polk & Wardwell and the Legal
Aid Society.
“No lawyer could have worked with
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so much energy on my case,” Mr.
Wagstaffe said on Tuesday.
In September 2014, the court vacated
the convictions of Mr. Wagstaffe and
Mr. Connor. Later that day, Mr. Beldock
chatted on the phone. No, he told me,
he was not familiar with the poet Sea-
mus Heaney’s account in “The Cure at
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
Troy” of a forlorn, wounded outcast and
his redemption:
History says, Don’t hope
On this side of the grave,
But then, once in a lifetime
The longed-for tidal wave
Of justice can rise up
And hope and history rhyme.
“That’s very good, can you send it?”
Mr. Beldock said. “I’ve got some work
to do.”
 THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 0N A19

Officer Operated a Prostitution Ring at Motels, Federal Prosecutors Say

By RICK ROJAS
and AL BAKER
Eduardo Cornejo had been an
officer in the New York Police De-
partment for more than a decade.
But in a phone call one night last
month, the authorities said, he
hinted at his other, more nefarious
work.
“That might make it hot,
though, standing outside with a
bunch of girls,” Mr. Cornejo said, a
reference, according to the au-
thorities, to dividing money
among the prostitutes he is ac-
cused of employing outside a
Long Island motel. “They’re going
to know what’s up real quick.”
But investigators were already
aware of the operation, the au-
thorities said on Tuesday. They
were listening to the phone call —
his line had been wiretapped —
and had been tracking his move-
ments for months after an anony-
mous tipster said Mr. Cornejo was
a pimp for at least one woman.
In all, the authorities said, he
had employed at least 10 prosti-
tutes. Investigators followed him
to motels across the region, and
the authorities described his ef-
forts as something of a second job,
starting many evenings as soon as
his shift ended with the Police De-
partment.
Mr. Cornejo, 33, was charged on
Tuesday with transporting wom-
en in interstate commerce to en-
gage in prostitution, a federal of-
fense, for ferrying women to mo-
tels in New Jersey and on Staten
Island and Long Island, according
to the United States attorney’s of-
fice for the Eastern District.
He was arrested after a joint in-
vestigation by the Federal Bureau
of Investigation and the Police De-
partment’s Internal Affairs Bu-
reau, which reviews police con-
duct.
A public servant by
day is accused of
being a pimp at night.
“Cornejo not only abused the
public trust given to him as an
N.Y.P.D. officer, but he showed no
human decency when he
facilitated the exploitation of
women for profit,” Diego Rodri-
guez, the assistant director in
charge of the F.B.I.’s field office in
New York, said in a statement.
“Police officers, like all public ser-
vants, are held to a higher stand-
ard, and should not violate the
very same laws they are supposed
to enforce.”
Mr. Cornejo was fired by the Po-
lice Department on Jan. 16 be-
cause he failed a random drug
test, Stephen P. Davis, the depart-
ment’s chief spokesman, said.
Separate from the drug test, he
said, Mr. Cornejo was the subject
of an internal investigation initiat-
ed by the Internal Affairs Bureau
after receiving the anonymous tip.
The investigation was initiated
in May, Mr. Davis said, when the
person first contacted the police.
The police brought the case to fed-
eral prosecutors in November.
“When they determined the na-
ture and scope of the case, and
that it involved interstate trans-
port, they contacted the federal
authorities,” he added. That led to
the wiretapping of Mr. Cornejo’s
phone and the taping of conversa-
tions — like the one on Jan. 21
about the “bunch of girls,” which
were documented in a criminal
complaint unsealed on Tuesday.
At his arraignment on Tuesday,
a judge ordered Mr. Cornejo to be
held without bail until a hearing
on Wednesday. His lawyer, Mi-
chael P. Padden, declined to com-
ment.
An official with the independent
city agency that investigates po-
lice wrongdoing declined to com-
ment about whether Mr. Cornejo
had been the subject of complaints
to the Civilian Complaint Review
Board.
“We would not be able to say ei-
ther way whether the officer has
been the subject of any com-
plaints, and if so, their type or dis-
position,” said Brian Krist, the as-
sistant deputy executive of inves-
tigations for the agency, citing the
state’s civil rights law that
prohibits the release of a wide
range of official information.
Mr. Cornejo was named in four
civil lawsuits in recent years; the
cases centered on alleged admin-
istrative and on-duty misconduct,
but not criminal activity.
In one lawsuit, which is still
open, Mr. Cornejo is accused with
other officers of encircling Rich-
ard Underwood, 21, who tried to
record officers as they were ar-
resting his brother on Lafayette
Avenue in Bedford-Stuyvesant,
Brooklyn, Mr. Underwood’s law-
yer, Robert Marinelli, said.
Mr. Underwood was arrested at
the time on suspicion of disorderly
conduct, but he was never
prosecuted.
And in a separate case in 2014,
Jonathan Anthony Fink, a lawyer,
said that his client, Jason
Crushon, had been beaten by the
police in Brooklyn. Mr. Cornejo
was one of several officers named
in a federal lawsuit he filed in April
alleging excessive force against
Mr. Crushon during a narcotics ar-
rest, Mr. Fink said.
“I’m not aware that Cornejo
was involved in any other acts of
wrongdoing,” he said. “I’d like to
know more.”

Opposition Is Building
To de Blasio’s Horse Plan
As a Council Vote Nears
By J. DAVID GOODMAN
If Mayor Bill de Blasio thought
he had a difficult time in Iowa,
knocking on doors for Hillary
Clinton’s presidential campaign,
he returned home to a grimmer
challenge: marshaling votes for
his plan to shrink the horse-car-
riage trade and restrict it to Cen-
tral Park.
In his absence, opposition has
built — prompting the mayor and
his surrogates to do some last-
minute vote wrangling to counter
the growing number of antago-
nists.
An influential labor group, the
Central Labor Council, made calls
to elected leaders urging them to
oppose the legislation, which
heads for a vote on Friday. Pedi-
cab drivers, who would be ban-
ished from the lucrative lower sec-
tion of the park as part of the deal,
began organizing under the ban-
ner of another labor organization.
Horse-carriage drivers — os-
pedicabs from operating in Central
Park below 85th Street; authorize
construction of a new stable by fall
2018, along the 85th Street trans-
verse in Central Park, built inside
an existing park building; and au-
thorize the construction of an adja-
cent structure for the carriages.
Administration officials said pri-
vately that the storm and stress
ahead of the vote on Friday was not
unusual for the days before, as did
Councilman Ydanis Rodriguez, a
Democrat from Manhattan, a spon-
sor of the bill, who called it a good
compromise.
Others were less certain.
“I wasn’t satisfied with my con-
versations with the administration
on this,” said Councilman David
Greenfield, a Brooklyn Democrat
who has called for delaying the
vote. “Right now it seems like lose-
lose.”
But despite wavering support,
the bill appeared as of Tuesday
evening to have enough votes to BRYAN THOMAS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

tensibly represented by the Team-
sters, who signed on to Mr. de Bla-
sio’s deal — voted late last week to
The mayor, back from
a trip to Iowa, tries
to shore up support
for a deal he forged.
oppose the deal. The Central Park
Conservancy has raised “signifi-
cant concerns” about the impact of
the proposal, including the in-
creased traffic from horses on park
drives, the bridle path and trans-
verse roads.
And some members of the City
Council have even spoken of a sort
of local analog of the congressional
“nuclear option,” a little-known
provision in the Council rules that
would allow for changes to the oth-
erwise final carriage bill on the day
of the vote — raising the prospect
of a contentious floor debate rarely
seen in the usually soporific con-
fines of the Council’s chambers.
“It’s never been done before, but
it’s possible,” said Councilman Car-
los Menchaca, a Brooklyn Demo-
crat who is pushing to remove the
pedicab driver ban from the bill. “A
real option is that we postpone the
bill, have a second hearing.”
The bill before the Council on
Friday would allow for only 95
horses, down from the current 220,
with 75 animals allowed to work in
the park at a time. It would restrict
pass narrowly. (Because two coun-
cil members are absent for medical
reasons, one will be on vacation
and one seat is vacant, there are
fewer votes up for grabs on Fri-
day.)
“We’ve worked in good faith
with the Teamsters and Council
speaker to find the right approach,
and we’re confident we’ll get it
done,” said Wiley Norvell, a
spokesman for the mayor’s office.
That has led those in opposition
to ramp up their efforts in the last
few days.
“We’re talking to everybody,”
said John Samuelsen, the presi-
dent of Transport Workers Union
Local 100, which is seeking to orga-
nize the pedicab drivers. “And
we’re targeting the ones that we
think are going to vote with de Bla-
sio on this terrifically concocted
scheme.”
For Mr. de Blasio, the issue of
horse carriages has been a yoke
that he cannot seem to shed.
Backed by money from wealthy
advocates against New York City’s
horse carriages during his 2013
mayoral campaign, he promised a
total ban on his first day in office.
The mayor did not immediately
deliver on his vow; polls and news-
paper headlines indicated that his
stance was unpopular. But he ar-
rived at a compromise that pre-
served the industry and moved
horses out of street traffic.
The bill came before a Council
hearing last month, but the de Bla-
sio administration struggled to an-
swer basic questions, surprising
some members who began to ques-
tion their support for it. Last week,
A carriage horse in Manhattan last month. A measure before the City Council would shrink the trade and restrict it to Central Park.
the administration moved to fill in and owner, said the timeline pre- over the next two years. “We’re all wrapped up in clothing because
the gaps with a “fact sheet” on the sented by the city would severely against this bill,” he said of the we will not be able to survive until
proposal sent to all members, in- threaten the carriage industry drivers. “This is a ban bill the stables are opened.”
cluding the price: about $25 mil-
lion. Roughly 40 to 50 carriage
driver jobs would be lost, the ad-
ministration said.
Since the hearing last month,
the city made several commit-
ments to carriage drivers outside
of the content of the bill, according
to a union official with direct
knowledge of the conversations
and who was not authorized to dis-
cuss them publicly, including hack
stands visible from park entrances
and assistance from NYC & Com-
pany to promote the carriage in-
dustry.
Some council members said
they had received calls from Mr. de
Blasio, or his top surrogates, dur-
ing the mayor’s four-day trip in
Iowa on Mrs. Clinton’s behalf. Mr.
de Blasio did not appear at any
event with her during his trip.
One of those calls, according to a
person briefed on their conversa-
tion who was not authorized to
speak about the matter, was to Vin-
cent Alvarez, the president of the
Central Labor Council, the umbrel-
la organization for the city’s union
members. Mr. Alvarez had
reached out to several council
members to caution against the
bill, as written, over the weekend.
The person said Mr. de Blasio ar-
gued forcefully for the bill during
the phone call. (The union leader
declined a request for comment.)
Ian McKeever, a carriage driver

New Insight Into City Bedbugs, via DNA

By The Associated Press
Scientists have mapped the
genome of bedbugs in New York
City and traced fragments of the
pests’ DNA through the subway
system.
In the grubby recesses of hun-
dreds of stations, they have dis-
covered surprising genetic diver-
sity among the creatures.
Scientists have found that ge-
netic traces of bedbugs in north-
ern Manhattan are relatively
closely related to those in the is-
CAROLYN KASTER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
A bedbug at the Smithsonian.
Researchers have mapped the
genome of New York’s insects.
published on Tuesday in Nature
Communications. A second paper
on bedbug genetics, from the Uni-
versity of Cincinnati, also was
published on Tuesday in the same
publication.
To learn how the bedbug has
evolved and spread, the New York
team took DNA sample swabs
from 1,400 city locations, including
subway cars, turnstiles, ticket
vending kiosks and aboveground
places such as parks.
Dr. Amato said there were
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land’s southern part, while there

are bigger variations between
bedbugs on the Upper East Side
and the Upper West Side.
Christopher Mason, a geneticist
who worked on the project, said
the reason could be found by look-
ing at a subway map. In Manhat-
bug project. He said New York’s
bedbugs “move around with peo-
ple, dogs and people’s items — and
they probably move most easily
the way people move most easily.”
Dr. Amato collaborated with Dr.
insects’ DNA, or the DNA of a re-
lated species, could get into the
subway — clinging to the clothes
of some of the six million daily rid-
ers and their belongings, or being
washed down into the stations.
He said that the first rough bed-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

Mason, who works at the Institute bug genetic sequence emerged

tan, for instance, subway lines run
the length of the island north to
south, while there is no subway
link through Central Park con-
necting the East Side and the
West Side.
Not that bedbugs are riding the
subway, said George Amato, an
evolutionary biologist at the
American Museum of Natural
History, who also worked on bed-
for Computational Biomedicine at
Weill Cornell Medical College.
A bedbug colony at the natural
history museum was used for the
genome map. A similar map was
assembled by an international re-
search team at 36 institutions, in-
cluding the University of Cincin-
nati.
The New York team’s resulting
scientific paper on the subject was
about a year ago, but that it took
months to refine the model into an
accurate genome.
“Before this, people were just
feeling their way through in the
dark; this genome turns the light
on for various areas of other re-
search,” Dr. Amato said. “Our
team is now moving on to the
genetics of cockroaches and other
living fossils.”
 A20 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Weather Report Meteorology by AccuWeather

Van
ncouver
n 20s
s 0s 10s
Metropolitan Forecast
20s
20
0s
0 L 20s
Regina TODAY ....................... Rain, becoming heavy
Seattttle
te W
Winnipeg
eg Quebec
c 30s
Spok
Spo
Spokane
High 58. A storm system will move
H
Halifax
Portla
P and 20s Montreal 40s through the Eastern Seaboard. This will 60°
10s
Helena
Bismarck
ckk provide a windy and milder day with rain,
e 40s
Eugene
ene s Far
Fargo Ottawa
wa
w a Por
Portland
some of which may be heavy in the after-
Billings
L Burlington
ingto
ingt
n ton
on
n
M
Ma
Manchester
noon.
Boi
oise
ois Record
M n
Minneapolis St. Paul
S Toro
To
oro
oronto Albany Bos
Boston
30s highs
50s
0s TONIGHT .................. Strong winds subsiding
Pierre Milw
wauk
wa kee Buffalo
ufff Har
Hartford
a 50°
50s
50
H 10s Casper
C
Sioux
o Falls Detro
oit
New York
N Low 49. Rain will continue at times
4
40s Des Moines Cleveland Piitttsburgh
Pitt
Pit through the evening. As the cold front
Che
eyenne
e Chicago
o Phi
Philadelphia
Reno
R
Ren
Reno 20s 10s
s Salt Lake Omaha
moves offshore, some drier air will work in
City Indi
dii
dianapolis Wash
Washington
ash
S Fra
San an
a ncis
n sco
s co Denver Kansas overnight. It will be mostly cloudy, with 40°
Springfield
i Richm
chmond
m Normal
Colorado
rad Topeka
Top City Charleston
harleston
arleston
e winds subsiding. highs
Fre
ess
e sno La
Las Springs
ing 30s St. Lo
ouis N
Norfolk
Vegas
as Louisville
ville
ille 60s
s
TOMORROW ................................ Partly sunny
Wichita Raleigh
gh
Los Ange
L Angeles
Angel Santa F
Fe Nas
shville
e 50s
5 0s Charlotte High 54. As the cold front continues to de-
Oklahoma City part, expect a mix of clouds and sunshine.
Littl
ittle Rock
Memphis 30°
S Diego
San go
o Phoenix
P enix Albuquerque 40s
s Columb
bia
Birmingh
m gham
gh m It will be cooler, but temperatures will re- Normal
Lubbock Atlanta
At lows
60s
s Tucs
csson main above average for early February. F S S M T W T F S S
Dallas
El Paso Ft. Worth 50s Jackson
n 70s FRIDAY ............................... Sunny and colder
J
Jacksonville 20° TODAY
Another weak cold front will move away
80s
0 H Baton
o Rouge M
Mo
Mobile
from the area. This will usher in colder,
Honolulu San
an
n Antonio
Anto Neww O
Orlando
70s
0s Hilo 60s Hou
ouston Orle
le
eans
e Tampa
a more seasonable air. Expect plenty of sun-
H 70s
80s
s shine.
70
70s Corpus Christi
C 10°
70s
70 Miami SATURDAY
<0
0 Monterrre
rey
Nassau SUNDAY ................................ Some sunshine
0s
Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time. Saturday will be milder, with some sun-
F
Fairbanks
nks TODAY’S HIGHS shine. The high will be 48. Sunday will be
Forecast Record
10s <0 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s 100+ chillier, with plenty of sunshine and a high Actual range lows
Ancho
Anchorage 20s
s of 44.
30
30s H L High High
Juneau
eau
COLD WARM STATIONARY COMPLEX HIGH LOW MOSTLY SHOWERS T-STORMS RAIN FLURRIES SNOW ICE
40s FRONTS COLD PRESSURE CLOUDY PRECIPITATION Low Low

Highlight: Eastern Storm Potential Next Week National Forecast Metropolitan Almanac
A blizzard will diminish and move out of In Central Park for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
the Upper Midwest today. Gusty winds will
continue to cause snow to drift in some Temperature Precipitation (in inches)
spots. Yesterday ............... 0.00 Snow ......................... 0.0
Record .................... 2.98 Since Oct. 1 ............ 27.2
L Drenching rain and thunderstorms will
60°
extend from Maine to Florida, with the Record For the last 30 days
49°
high 59° Actual ..................... 4.42
greatest risk of severe storms from north- 4 p.m. (1988) Normal .................... 3.51
ern Florida to North Carolina. Apart from 50°
For the last 365 days
the storms, strong winds and flash flood- Actual ................... 39.11
L ing may occur from Virginia to western 40°
Normal Normal .................. 49.94
high 39°
and northern New York State. While small- LAST 30 DAYS

stream flooding is possible, major flooding 38° Air pressure Humidity

30° 8 a.m. High ......... 30.36 10 a.m. High ............. 55% 9 a.m.
along the large rivers is unlikely, since Normal
Low ............ 30.12 1 a.m. Low.............. 35% 3 p.m.
low 27°
much of the snow from the late-January
blizzard melted ahead of the rain. 20° MON. YESTERDAY
Heating Degree Days
Chilly air will extend across the Missis- An index of fuel consumption that tracks how
sippi Valley, Plains and Rockies. Snow far the day’s mean temperature fell below 65
The jet stream across North America will begin to amplify next week. This will lead to 10°
showers will dot the Rockies. Yesterday ................................................................... 21
a drier and milder pattern in the West, while the East could potentially turn stormy as So far this month ........................................................ 34
Record So far this season (since July 1) ............................ 1999
two storm systems could eventually merge across the Northeast. 0° low -3° Normal to date for the season ............................... 2750
(1881)
4 12 6 12 4
Little Rock 72/ 37 0.18 51/ 30 S 50/ 29 S New Delhi 71/ 48 0 70/ 47 PC 71/ 47 PC p.m. a.m. a.m. p.m. p.m. Trends Temperature Precipitation
Cities Los Angeles 63/ 41 0 64/ 44 PC 68/ 46 S Riyadh 70/ 38 0 69/ 44 Sh 66/ 38 S Average Average
High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4 Louisville 66/ 50 0.09 54/ 30 PC 41/ 28 S Seoul 32/ 12 0 37/ 22 S 39/ 17 C Avg. daily departure Avg. daily departure Below Above Below Above
p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in Memphis 72/ 41 1.13 52/ 30 S 47/ 30 S Shanghai 42/ 29 0 44/ 34 S 45/ 33 C from normal from normal Last 10 days
inches) for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. Miami 80/ 72 0 80/ 70 PC 80/ 64 PC Singapore 88/ 77 0 86/ 77 PC 87/ 79 C
this month ........... +14.3° this year ................ +2.6° 30 days
Expected conditions for today and tomorrow. Milwaukee 38/ 34 0.15 38/ 20 Sn 28/ 22 PC Sydney 77/ 60 0 80/ 67 S 76/ 68 Sh
Mpls.-St. Paul 32/ 19 0.16 22/ 8 PC 26/ 9 SS Taipei 55/ 52 0.14 58/ 56 R 64/ 55 R 90 days
C ....................... Clouds S ............................. Sun Nashville 74/ 47 0 55/ 31 PC 44/ 26 S Tehran 53/ 30 0 47/ 31 C 51/ 31 S Reservoir levels (New York City water supply) 365 days
F ............................ Fog Sn ....................... Snow New Orleans 78/ 58 Tr 66/ 45 R 57/ 41 S Tokyo 50/ 38 0.11 45/ 36 PC 49/ 38 PC
H .......................... Haze SS ......... Snow showers Norfolk 51/ 44 0.04 70/ 56 T 57/ 35 Sh Yesterday ............... 88% Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation
Oklahoma City 53/ 28 0 45/ 25 PC 53/ 32 S Europe Yesterday Today Tomorrow
I............................... Ice T .......... Thunderstorms Est. normal ............. 88% trends compare with those of the last 30 years.
Omaha 37/ 22 0.88 26/ 13 PC 30/ 10 S Amsterdam 49/ 44 0.02 44/ 40 Sh 49/ 45 R
PC........... Partly cloudy Tr ........................ Trace Athens 74/ 45 0 67/ 51 S 63/ 50 PC
Orlando 82/ 66 0.01 83/ 64 PC 76/ 48 T
R ........................... Rain W ....................... Windy Philadelphia 52/ 41 0 66/ 51 R 52/ 30 PC Berlin 49/ 42 0.14 43/ 34 Sh 39/ 34 R
Sh ................... Showers –.............. Not available Phoenix
Pittsburgh
57/
50/
35
44
0
0
58/
62/
38
34
S
R
65/
37/
40
22
S
SS
Brussels
Budapest
51/ 42 0.23
54/ 38 0
43/ 36 Sh
49/ 35 R
50/ 46 R
43/ 32 S
Recreational Forecast
N.Y.C. region Yesterday Today Tomorrow
Portland, Me. 47/ 27 0 46/ 45 R 51/ 27 PC Copenhagen 47/ 40 0.11 42/ 33 C 40/ 32 PC
New York City 49/ 38 0 61/ 48 R 51/ 33 PC Portland, Ore. 48/ 39 0 46/ 43 R 51/ 39 Sh Dublin 44/ 37 0.09 46/ 42 R 52/ 46 C Sun, Moon and Planets Mountain and Ocean Temperatures
Bridgeport 50/ 31 0 54/ 47 R 53/ 31 PC Providence 54/ 34 0 54/ 50 R 56/ 32 C Edinburgh 44/ 38 0.18 42/ 38 PC 48/ 46 Sh
Caldwell 50/ 26 0 58/ 46 R 51/ 30 PC Raleigh 59/ 52 0 70/ 55 T 56/ 34 C Frankfurt 54/ 45 0.21 45/ 36 Sh 46/ 43 R New First Quarter Full Last Quarter
Danbury 49/ 23 0 57/ 45 R 52/ 27 PC Reno 34/ 21 0 43/ 26 PC 44/ 22 PC Geneva 54/ 39 0.01 46/ 35 Sh 43/ 36 R Today’s forecast
Islip 49/ 33 0.01 56/ 46 R 52/ 31 C Richmond 55/ 43 0 68/ 52 T 53/ 31 C Helsinki 36/ 30 0.68 30/ 21 Sn 31/ 24 PC
Newark 51/ 32 0 60/ 49 R 52/ 31 PC Rochester 43/ 36 0 60/ 33 R 38/ 27 C Istanbul 54/ 45 0.01 58/ 51 S 58/ 43 PC White
Trenton 50/ 29 0 62/ 48 R 49/ 30 PC Sacramento 52/ 35 0.03 54/ 43 C 59/ 37 PC Kiev 44/ 30 0.12 48/ 32 PC 39/ 29 C Feb. 8 Feb. 15 Feb. 22 Mar. 1 42/33 Ice, then rain
White Plains 49/ 29 0 56/ 48 R 52/ 29 PC Salt Lake City 29/ 16 0 29/ 18 SS 32/ 19 SS Lisbon 61/ 50 0 66/ 48 PC 61/ 48 PC 9:38 a.m. 1:19 p.m.
London 50/ 43 0 47/ 39 PC 56/ 46 C Green
United States Yesterday Today Tomorrow San Antonio 72/ 40 0 61/ 33 S 61/ 34 S
San Diego 61/ 45 0 65/ 46 S 67/ 48 S Madrid 60/ 36 0 58/ 34 PC 54/ 36 S 40/27 Ice, then rain
Albany 45/ 32 0 55/ 43 R 45/ 27 PC Sun RISE 7:05 a.m. Moon R 2:34 a.m.
San Francisco 52/ 43 0.06 55/ 46 C 57/ 46 PC Moscow 37/ 26 0.24 37/ 33 I 35/ 25 PC SET 5:15 p.m. S 12:51 p.m.
Albuquerque 40/ 20 0.03 39/ 18 S 44/ 27 PC Adirondacks
San Jose 57/ 42 0.01 58/ 45 C 61/ 42 PC Nice 59/ 49 Tr 63/ 41 C 58/ 43 S
Anchorage 25/ 16 0.01 25/ 21 I 32/ 25 Sn NEXT R 7:04 a.m. R 3:30 a.m. 47/31 Rain
San Juan 82/ 72 0.02 82/ 72 PC 82/ 71 PC Oslo 38/ 30 0.11 32/ 22 PC 32/ 18 S 40s
Atlanta 72/ 63 0.08 64/ 40 R 51/ 30 PC Paris 55/ 44 0.15 46/ 39 PC 52/ 44 C Jupiter S 8:56 a.m. Mars R 12:52 a.m.
Seattle 49/ 39 0 48/ 43 R 51/ 43 Sh Berkshires
Atlantic City 48/ 40 0 59/ 49 R 51/ 34 C Prague 54/ 45 0.02 43/ 33 PC 40/ 33 Sn R 8:19 p.m. S 11:09 a.m.
Sioux Falls 27/ 16 0.21 21/ 14 PC 28/ 5 PC 51/40 Rain, becoming heavy
Austin 73/ 37 0 59/ 29 S 60/ 28 S Rome 63/ 43 0 59/ 43 PC 56/ 37 S
Spokane 36/ 25 0 39/ 31 C 39/ 30 Sn Saturn R 3:10 a.m. Venus R 5:20 a.m.
Baltimore 49/ 36 0.01 62/ 44 R 49/ 27 C St. Petersburg 37/ 24 0.28 38/ 23 Sn 29/ 23 Sn
St. Louis 61/ 39 0.36 43/ 25 W 45/ 29 S S 12:43 p.m. S 2:41 p.m. Catskills
Baton Rouge 77/ 51 0.21 65/ 38 PC 57/ 33 S Stockholm 41/ 37 0.28 32/ 27 PC 33/ 26 S
St. Thomas 81/ 72 0 83/ 72 PC 82/ 71 PC 50/38 Rain, heavy at times
Birmingham 76/ 57 0.02 63/ 35 R 50/ 28 S Vienna 55/ 42 0 48/ 35 C 44/ 35 PC
Syracuse 41/ 32 0 56/ 36 R 39/ 26 C Boating
Boise 38/ 20 0 39/ 28 PC 40/ 22 SS Warsaw 52/ 47 0.44 45/ 34 PC 40/ 33 Sn
Tampa 83/ 68 0 79/ 66 PC 71/ 46 T Poconos
Boston 50/ 36 0 52/ 50 R 52/ 33 C
Toledo 44/ 42 0 51/ 26 W 34/ 22 PC North America Yesterday Today Tomorrow From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20 54/35 Breezy and mild with rain
Buffalo 45/ 38 0 56/ 30 R 35/ 25 C
Tucson 50/ 26 0 55/ 31 S 62/ 32 PC nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New
Burlington 35/ 26 0 51/ 41 R 42/ 25 PC Tulsa 57/ 31 0.08 46/ 23 S 50/ 28 S Acapulco 89/ 73 0 86/ 75 PC 88/ 74 PC 50s
Casper 21/ 6 0.04 21/ 12 C 28/ 19 C York Harbor. Southwest Pa.
Virginia Beach 52/ 46 0 67/ 53 T 54/ 36 Sh Bermuda 72/ 64 0.04 70/ 65 PC 71/ 66 S
Charlotte 60/ 54 Tr 67/ 47 T 58/ 30 PC Washington 51/ 41 0 62/ 48 R 51/ 32 C Edmonton 25/ 10 0 19/ 7 PC 26/ 16 PC A gale warning is warranted on the ocean. Wind will 57/29 Rain; breezy, not as cool
Chattanooga 72/ 60 0.01 64/ 36 R 48/ 26 PC Wichita 45/ 25 0.47 39/ 21 S 49/ 23 S Guadalajara 82/ 39 0 82/ 37 S 81/ 37 S be from the southeast, then south at 20-35 knots. 60s
Chicago 41/ 34 0.34 39/ 20 SS 31/ 23 PC Wilmington, Del. 50/ 35 0 62/ 47 R 50/ 29 PC Havana 86/ 66 0 84/ 66 S 84/ 67 PC Waves will be 4-9 feet on the ocean, 2-3 on Long
Cincinnati 61/ 51 0 54/ 28 PC 37/ 26 PC Kingston 89/ 73 0.02 86/ 74 PC 86/ 73 PC
West Virginia
Island Sound and 1-2 feet on New York Harbor. 7
70s
Cleveland 50/ 44 0 59/ 30 W 35/ 24 SS Africa Yesterday Today Tomorrow Martinique 86/ 71 0.13 85/ 69 PC 83/ 68 PC 56/30 Mild with rain
Colorado Springs 24/ 5 0.11 27/ 4 PC 36/ 13 PC Algiers 76/ 41 0 67/ 49 PC 62/ 36 PC Mexico City 79/ 47 0 77/ 45 PC 72/ 41 PC High Tides
Columbus 54/ 52 0 56/ 30 PC 36/ 24 PC Cairo 68/ 50 0 69/ 52 S 74/ 55 PC Monterrey 77/ 57 0 72/ 39 S 66/ 41 S Color bands
Concord, N.H. 47/ 27 0 49/ 46 R 50/ 29 PC Cape Town 79/ 67 0.11 77/ 63 PC 85/ 64 S Montreal 29/ 17 0 43/ 35 Sn 38/ 16 PC Atlantic City ................... 2:57 a.m. .............. 3:12 p.m. Blue Ridge indicate water
Dallas-Ft. Worth 67/ 36 0 52/ 29 S 56/ 34 S Dakar 85/ 69 0 84/ 70 S 84/ 69 S Nassau 84/ 68 0 82/ 71 S 83/ 70 S Barnegat Inlet ................ 3:07 a.m. .............. 3:31 p.m. 60/36 Mild with rain temperature.
Denver 26/ 8 0.26 29/ 11 PC 35/ 15 C Johannesburg 83/ 58 0 86/ 58 PC 82/ 56 PC Panama City 92/ 72 0 93/ 70 S 92/ 72 S The Battery .................... 3:38 a.m. .............. 4:04 p.m.
Des Moines 39/ 26 0.67 27/ 15 W 31/ 13 S Nairobi 79/ 58 0 80/ 56 PC 82/ 59 S Quebec City 19/ 8 0 32/ 30 Sn 38/ 16 Sn Beach Haven ................. 4:22 a.m. .............. 4:45 p.m.
Detroit 43/ 39 0 52/ 29 C 35/ 25 PC Tunis 66/ 50 0 68/ 50 S 59/ 46 PC Santo Domingo 86/ 68 0.02 87/ 66 S 87/ 65 S Bridgeport ..................... 6:42 a.m. .............. 7:18 p.m.
El Paso 48/ 26 0 49/ 23 S 54/ 31 S Toronto 36/ 28 0 53/ 31 R 35/ 25 PC City Island ...................... 6:26 a.m. .............. 7:45 p.m.
A cold front will spread rain across the re-
Fargo 29/ 11 Tr 23/ 15 PC 25/ 12 PC Asia/Pacific Yesterday Today Tomorrow Vancouver 43/ 33 0 46/ 40 R 48/ 43 R
Hartford 50/ 31 0 55/ 49 R 52/ 29 PC Baghdad 69/ 43 0 66/ 44 S 67/ 40 S Fire Island Lt. ................. 3:50 a.m. .............. 4:13 p.m. gion. The rain may be heavy at times in
Winnipeg 16/ 4 0.01 12/ 5 C 13/ -1 C
Honolulu 81/ 71 0 82/ 69 PC 82/ 67 S Bangkok 90/ 76 0 92/ 69 PC 92/ 69 S Montauk Point ................ 4:51 a.m. .............. 5:17 p.m. the morning but should taper off later in
Houston 71/ 45 0.04 62/ 36 S 59/ 34 S Beijing 41/ 12 0 45/ 19 S 39/ 20 PC South America Yesterday Today Tomorrow Northport ....................... 6:47 a.m. .............. 7:26 p.m.
Indianapolis 59/ 44 0.24 45/ 25 W 35/ 26 PC Damascus 63/ 30 0 60/ 32 S 64/ 34 S Buenos Aires 83/ 61 0 84/ 66 S 88/ 67 PC Port Washington ............ 6:26 a.m. .............. 7:37 p.m. the day. It will be cold enough for some ice
Jackson 75/ 46 0.56 61/ 34 S 52/ 28 S Hong Kong 53/ 48 0.19 60/ 54 PC 64/ 52 PC Caracas 85/ 73 0 85/ 73 S 84/ 73 S Sandy Hook ................... 3:04 a.m. .............. 3:27 p.m. to form in the morning across the northern
Jacksonville 81/ 64 0 78/ 62 T 63/ 38 R Jakarta 86/ 77 0.56 87/ 75 Sh 88/ 76 C Lima 83/ 74 0 84/ 74 PC 86/ 73 PC Shinnecock Inlet ............ 3:01 a.m. .............. 3:25 p.m.
Kansas City 54/ 26 0.58 31/ 21 PC 44/ 22 S Jerusalem 55/ 36 0 58/ 40 S 62/ 46 PC Quito 74/ 49 0.04 74/ 54 Sh 71/ 55 R Stamford ........................ 6:45 a.m. .............. 7:21 p.m.
Green and White Mountains. Highs will
Key West 81/ 74 0 80/ 73 PC 80/ 66 PC Karachi 83/ 58 0 83/ 56 S 82/ 56 S Recife 88/ 76 0.37 86/ 77 Sh 87/ 78 C Tarrytown ....................... 5:27 a.m. .............. 5:53 p.m. range from the 30s in the north to the 50s
Las Vegas 47/ 29 0 49/ 33 S 55/ 37 S Manila 90/ 77 0 90/ 78 PC 90/ 77 PC Rio de Janeiro 91/ 76 0 91/ 75 S 93/ 77 PC
Lexington 65/ 51 0 57/ 30 PC 39/ 25 PC Mumbai 91/ 64 0 90/ 71 PC 89/ 72 PC Santiago 82/ 59 0 86/ 58 PC 84/ 58 PC
Willets Point ................... 6:27 a.m. .............. 7:48 p.m. in the south.
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

Ex-Allies of Christie Seek Dismissal of Bridge Case
NEWARK (AP) — The criminal
charges in the George Washing-
ton Bridge lane-closing case
should be thrown out because
they are based on vague federal
laws that have been twisted to fit
the facts of the case, two former al-
lies of Gov. Chris Christie of New
Jersey wrote in separate court fil-
ings this week.
Lawyers for the two former al-
lies, Bill Baroni and Bridget Anne
Kelly, challenged the govern-
ment’s case in the filings. Ms.
Kelly’s lawyer wrote that the case
was “an indictment in search of a
crime”; Mr. Baroni’s lawyer ac-
cused the government of using
“tortured legal theory.”
Ms. Kelly, who was the gover-
nor’s deputy chief of staff at the
time of the lane closings in Sep-
tember 2013, and Mr. Baroni, a for-
mer state senator and top Christie
appointee to the Port Authority of
New York and New Jersey, were
indicted last spring on charges
that include conspiracy and fraud.
Another former Port Authority
official, David Wildstein, pleaded
guilty and is expected to testify for
Gun Testing
And Tears
During Trial
For Officer
From Page A18
plaited his cornrows, she said. As
Ms. Butler spoke, Kimberly
Ballinger, with whom Mr. Gurley
had lived in the Red Hook section
of Brooklyn and with whom he
was raising two children, looked
away.
Marc Fliedner, an assistant
prosecutor in the Brooklyn dis-
trict attorney’s office, has focused
on the fact that Officer Liang did
not help Mr. Gurley and did not
perform CPR, as is required of a
police officer, arguing he was
negligent in his duties. Only Ms.
Butler tried to resuscitate Mr.
Gurley, guided by a neighbor she
had summoned, Melissa Lopez.
Ms. Lopez relayed instructions
from a 911 operator. Rae Downes
Koshetz, a lawyer for Officer
Liang, has said he was in shock
and unable to render aid.
On Tuesday, the recording of
the 911 call was played for the sec-
ond time during the trial. As Ms.
Butler heard her own voice and
recounted pressing on her
boyfriend’s chest and blowing in
his mouth, her face began to
crumble. A video was shown of
Mr. Gurley’s bloodied clothes
crumpled on the fifth floor land-
ing.
“We’re almost done,” Joe
Alexis, an assistant district attor-
Defense lawyers say
prosecutors twisted
vague federal laws
to fit a set of facts.
the government.
Mr. Christie, who is campaign-
ing for the Republican presiden-
tial nomination, was not charged
and denied having any knowledge
of the alleged scheme until well af-
terward. A trial has been pushed
back to mid-May, when most of the
primaries will be over.
Mr. Baroni and Ms. Kelly are ac-
cused of purposely closing two of
three access lanes from Fort Lee,
N.J., to the bridge in order to cre-
ate traffic jams to punish the bor-
ough’s mayor, Mark Sokolich, a
Democrat, for not endorsing Mr.
Christie’s re-election bid. Traffic
around the bridge, which is one of
the busiest in the country, was
gridlocked for hours on four con-
The 9-millimeter handgun previously carried by Officer Peter Liang. Several jurors handled it in
court on Tuesday, seeking to determine how much force was necessary to pull the trigger.
ney, said as Ms. Butler sobbed.
Late on Tuesday afternoon, Of-
ficer Shaun Landau, Officer
Liang’s partner and a former
classmate at the Police Academy,
took the witness stand. Officer
Landau previously testified be-
fore a grand jury and has been
granted immunity. He recounted
the night of the shooting — which
was unremarkable until they con-
ducted a “vertical patrol,” a prac-
tice of inspecting public housing
stairwells from top to bottom.
During the cross-examination,
Robert E. Brown, another lawyer
for Officer Liang, seemed to sug-
gest that Officer Landau was tes-
tifying to protect himself.
THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
secutive days.
Later, Mr. Baroni told a New
Jersey legislative committee that
the lane closings were part of a
traffic study — a fabrication, ac-
cording to the indictment.
Michael Baldassare, a lawyer
representing Mr. Baroni, wrote
that the charges against his client
should be dismissed because they
were based partly on the testi-
mony to the committee, which
was given under immunity.
“Whatever tortured legal the-
ory the prosecution will offer in its
own defense, the use of Mr.
Baroni’s testimony before the
New Jersey Legislature was and
is inappropriate,” Mr. Baldassare
wrote. “As discussed in Section II,
the use of Mr. Baroni’s immunized
testimony warrants dismissal of
the indictment in its entirety.”
Both defendants say the gov-
ernment stretched federal laws to
fit the conduct alleged in the in-
dictment. They are charged with
intentionally misapplying Port
Authority property — the bridge
— and with conspiring to deprive
local residents of their constitu-
“I am here to testify the facts of
what I remember,” said Officer
Landau, who has been on admin-
istrative duty since the shooting.
“I am not here against my partner.
I’m just a witness.”
In a police interview, part of
which was read in court, Officer
Landau said that Officer Liang,
who also faces a criminal charge
of official misconduct for not call-
ing an ambulance or aiding Mr.
Gurley, had in fact called for an
ambulance just after the shooting.
All calls are recorded over police
radio. However, there is no record-
ing of such a call, according to law
enforcement sources familiar
with the investigation.
tional rights to intrastate travel.
Michael Critchley, representing
Ms. Kelly, wrote that the first law
had been used almost exclusively
to prosecute public employees for
theft or bribery. Civil rights laws,
he argued, have never been ap-
plied to the intentional tie-up of
traffic.
“There has been no other fed-
eral criminal case that has been
prosecuted anywhere, at any
time, with facts even remotely
similar to the facts there,” Mr.
Critchley wrote.
Mr. Baroni’s filing also says that
prosecutors have not turned over
potentially exculpatory evidence
as required by law, particularly
from the law firm hired by Mr.
Christie to investigate the lane
closings. The firm’s report in early
2014 exonerated the governor but
also found no evidence that Mr.
Baroni was involved in the alleged
scheme.
Prosecutors have until Feb. 24
to respond, and the defendants
will have a chance to file a reply a
few weeks after that, before a
judge rules on the motion.
BRYAN R. SMITH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
In other testimony, Detective
Joe Agosto, a firearms instructor
with the New York Police Acad-
emy, said accidental gun dis-
charges in the Police Department
occurred about 20 times a year.
Few, Detective Agosto said, were
a result of malfunctions of the
guns or triggers.
“The finger may gravitate to-
ward it in certain circumstances,”
he said under questioning by Mr.
Brown.
“There is a belief that there is a
tendency to reassure yourself that
the trigger is there,” he added.
“Comparable to touching your
wallet.”
Letitia James, the New York public advocate, says a faulty pro-
gram failed “our most vulnerable children” and city taxpayers.
Education Dept. Is Sued
Over Its Disability Services
By ELIZABETH A. HARRIS
Public Advocate Letitia James
has sued the New York City Edu-
cation Department, saying a $130
million computer system meant to
track services for students with
disabilities was a failure.
Because of the system’s short-
comings, the lawsuit said, chil-
dren have been deprived of neces-
sary assistance and the city has
lost out on hundreds of millions of
dollars in Medicaid reimburse-
ments.
There are more than 200,000
students in the city’s public
schools with individualized edu-
cation plans, known as I.E.P.s,
which entitle them to special edu-
cation services like speech ther-
apy. The computer system, called
the Special Education Student In-
formation System, was developed
in 2009 as a way to keep track of
them, a replacement for a system
that relied on paper.
The system was intended to
track the services students were
eligible to receive and to create
records that could be used to get
the city reimbursed. But Ms.
James, a Democrat, said it had
been plagued with difficulties
since its inception.
According to papers filed in
State Supreme Court in Manhat-
tan on Monday, the system is
prone to malfunctions, including
deleting saved student data. It
also “does not appear to be capa-
ble of producing citywide data
about I.E.P.s, including how many
children are receiving” special ed-
ucation services.
Ms. James said, “The failure of
the program is resulting in a lack
of services for our most vulnera-
ble children, and we’re basically
cheating taxpayers of rightful
funding from the state and federal
government.”
“Everyone is telling me they’re
aware of it and correcting it,” she
said of Mayor Bill de Blasio and
the schools chancellor, Carmen
0N A21
YANA PASKOVA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Fariña. “But I’ve heard that be-
fore.”
In 2014, the city comptroller,
Scott M. Stringer, a Democrat,
found the city had failed to recoup
$356 million in federal Medicaid
reimbursements for special edu-
cation services for the 2012, 2013
and 2014 fiscal years.
In an email on Tuesday, Nick
Paolucci, a spokesman for the
New York City Law Department,
said, “We’ll review the suit once
we are served.”
A spokesman for the Education
Department pointed to several
steps the agency had taken to help
A top New York City
official cites problems
with a $130 million
computer system.
its special education students, in-
cluding hiring more than 300 new
occupational therapists and open-
ing more programs tailored to
children with autism.
But the city is facing other criti-
cism over the way it handles the
needs of students with disabili-
ties.
In December, Preet Bharara,
the United States attorney for the
Southern District of New York,
sent a letter to the Education De-
partment saying that 83 percent
of the city’s elementary schools
were not “fully accessible” to peo-
ple with disabilities, a violation of
the Americans With Disabilities
Act.
Last month, the city rejected
Mr. Bharara’s finding, saying the
letter “inaccurately characterizes
the number and geographic distri-
bution of accessible schools.”
When taken as a whole, the city ar-
gued, its elementary schools “pro-
vide full program accessibility for
all elementary students.”
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P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
A22 0 N
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR., Publisher, Chairman
Founded in 1851 ADOLPH S. OCHS ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
Publisher 1896-1935 Publisher 1935-1961
The Pentagon’s Top Threat? Russia
The Pentagon has put Russia at the top of its list of na-
tional security threats with its plan to increase the deploy-
ment of heavy weapons, armored vehicles and troops on
rotating assignment to NATO countries in Central and
Eastern Europe.
In a speech on Tuesday, Secretary of Defense Ashton
Carter listed a hierarchy of threats to the United States,
which included China, North Korea, Iran and finally, the
fight against terrorism. But his primary focus was Russia.
While he makes a good case for deterring Russian ag-
gression, his proposal to quadruple military spending in
Europe in 2017 to $3.4 billion from $789 million seems ex-
cessive and raises questions about whether other immedi-
ate threats, like the Islamic State, are getting short shrift.
It is undeniable that Russia has become openly ag-
gressive under President Vladimir Putin, who has violated
sovereign borders by annexing Crimea and stoking civil
war in Ukraine. A cease-fire in Ukraine was declared last
year, but Russian forces still maintain a presence in
eastern Ukraine, raising questions about whether Russia
might try to extend its reach to the Baltic States.
There are other concerns as well. Russia has built a
web of complex missile defenses that increasingly threat-
en NATO’s military access to airspace in parts of Europe,
including one-third of the skies of Poland. Similar Russian
missile buildups are underway in Crimea and in Syria,
where the Russians have beefed up their air campaign on
behalf of the Assad government.
Given the Russian moves, it’s important that the
United States and NATO allies reinforce their commit-
ment to the common defense, especially at a time when
Europe is under great stress from the flow of Syrians and
other refugees and the rise of anti-immigrant right-wing
Mr. Cuomo’s Housing Wrecking Ball
Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who should be using his power
to make New York City more hospitable to working-class
and middle-class families, has instead slipped a little poi-
son into his executive budget that could cripple the city’s
ambitious efforts to build affordable housing.
Housing is the centerpiece of Mayor Bill de Blasio’s
agenda. He has promised to build or preserve 200,000 af-
fordable apartments over 10 years — a tough proposition
under the best of circumstances. It could be even tougher
now that the governor has proposed placing new layers of
state control over the city’s use of federal tax-exempt
bonds to build and preserve affordable rental apartments.
It’s not a stretch to call this sabotage.
Mr. Cuomo says it’s transparency and accountability,
but it is more about intrusion and control. It would give the
head of the Empire State Development Corporation, a
Cuomo appointee, the power to sign off on the flow of tax-
exempt bonds to New York City, which uses them almost
exclusively for affordable housing. It would also require
that every single affordable-housing project in New York
City that uses the bonds get the approval of the Public Au-
thorities Control Board, a shadowy entity controlled by the
governor and the leaders of the Assembly and Senate.
These are the proverbial “three men in a room” who
hold a death grip on policy-making power in New York
State government. The phrase evokes the low-minded,
chronically corrupt jockeying and deal-making that gov-
ern how the Albany game is played. That two of the three
— Sheldon Silver and Dean Skelos — were ejected from
the room last year, because of federal felony convictions, is
about all you need to know.
The Cuomo plan has angered the de Blasio adminis-
tration, City Council members and nonprofit housing orga-
nizations, who call it pointless and harmful. The city’s
Housing Development Corporation, created in 1971, has
long been a transparent and effective steward of the pre-
cious federal financing — between $650 million and $900
million a year in recent years — that it has leveraged with
tax credits and other resources in a system that has built
or preserved 125,000 affordable apartments over the last
12 years. If the system came under Albany’s thumb, it
would be plagued by delays and uncertainty. Lenders
would not lend, developers would not build, projects would
collapse, the city’s control over its own housing agenda
would be thrown into turmoil.
Even the big developers are saying as much: The
Real Estate Board of New York said Mr. Cuomo’s meddling
Fighting the Zika Virus on Multiple Fronts
The World Health Organization and its director gen-
eral, Dr. Margaret Chan, were right to declare the Zika vi-
rus an international public health emergency, even if its
suspected link to severe birth defects has not been proved.
The mosquito-borne disease is a serious threat: It is
usually so mild as to be undetectable in adults, yet as it
has exploded across South and Central America it has
been followed by a surge in babies born with un-
derdeveloped heads, a condition called microcephaly.
The emergency designation will galvanize
coordinated international monitoring and action of the
sort that was tragically missing in the first months of the
Ebola pandemic. The W.H.O.’s decision, however, could re-
duce travel to affected countries, which would be an eco-
nomic burden. Brazil, where Zika made its first major ap-
pearance in the Western Hemisphere last May, is espe-
cially fearful that visitors will stay away from the Olympic
Games in August. It cannot let that prevent it from being
completely transparent about this serious threat and the
steps it is taking to protect people.
In Latin America, where many nations outlaw abor-
tion, some governments have advised that pregnancies be
delayed, which can create only greater anxiety for women
who have sadly limited control over such decisions.
All of this adds urgency to the work of medical re-
searchers investigating any possible link between micro-
cephaly and Zika infection, for which there is no cure. And
THE NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIALS/LETTERS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
ORVIL E. DRYFOOS ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER
Publisher 1961-1963 Publisher 1963-1992
political parties.
Over the past two years, the United States has al-
ready increased its military exercises and rotation of
forces in Europe. Mr. Carter’s new plan would ensure that
the alliance can maintain a full armored combat brigade,
roughly 5,000 troops, in the region at all times, including in
Hungary, Romania and the Baltic countries. Under a 1997
agreement, NATO and Russia agreed not to permanently
station troops or nuclear weapons on each other’s borders.
The Americans say the plan would not violate this pledge
because the troops will rotate, even though the effect will
be a constant presence.
The increased American investment sends a message
to Mr. Putin and provides leverage to demand that other
NATO countries do more to increase their own defense
budgets. But the sheer size of the spending increase
seems like a return to the Pentagon’s blank-check ways
during the height of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Even though the United States spends more on de-
fense than the next seven countries combined, the Penta-
gon has been chafing under budget cuts. In fact, the in-
creased money for European defense is supposed to come
from a war account that pays for operations in Iraq and Af-
ghanistan, which allows the administration to get around
budget caps.
Deterring Russia is essential. But this initiative
seems like a reversion back to what the Pentagon has tra-
ditionally done — prepare to fight big wars with ever more
costly weapons against adversaries like Russia. Threats
from the Islamic State and other terrorist groups are
messier and harder to predict. America must be able to
confront both, but it is unclear that Mr. Carter’s plan gets
the balance right.
DOUG CHAYKA
threatens the “clarity and predictability” that builders and
banks rely on. “The proposed increased oversight could
mean uncertainty for builders and lenders and thus nega-
tively affect the creation of new affordable, below-market
rental housing that New York City so desperately needs,”
the board’s president, John Banks III, said in a statement.
If Mr. Cuomo were serious about solving the afford-
able housing crisis, he would not be trying to pull the
Housing Development Corporation into Albany’s tractor
beam. He would be doing everything he could to help Mr.
de Blasio fulfill his housing pledge. Mr. Cuomo said in his
State of the State address last month that the state would
spend $20 billion to build 100,000 affordable units over five
years — but no one has seen the details of that plan, and
now his oversight proposals threaten to drag everything
backward.
“If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it,” Mr. de Blasio said last
week, testifying in the State Legislature. He said it almost
plaintively. Mr. Cuomo, regrettably, has the power to break
almost anything he wants.
it puts a heavy responsibility on the W.H.O. and institu-
tions like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
and the Pan American Health Organization to give clear
and realistic guidance on how to avoid infection. The
C.D.C. has issued a list of countries pregnant women
should try to avoid visiting and has advised travelers on
how to protect against mosquito bites.
Fighting Zika will not be easy. Like Ebola, it is nur-
tured by heat, humidity and poverty, conditions that can
be intensified by globalization and global warming. Unlike
Ebola, Zika has primarily been spread by a mosquito, the
Aedes aegypti, which is rampant in hot climates. The risk
of a major outbreak in the United States is low because of
effective mosquito-control programs and air-conditioning.
A vaccine or an effective treatment is still a long way
off. Immediate responses, like increasing access to birth
control and abortion, face stiff legal and cultural resist-
ance in the affected region. That leaves mosquito control
as the most effective weapon available now. One method
being tried in Brazil is to release Aedes mosquitoes that
are genetically modified to produce self-destroying off-
spring.
These and other measures should gain momentum
now that Zika has been declared an emergency. That is es-
sential not only to protect women and their babies, but
also for improving the global response to other obscure
germs waiting their turn in some hot, humid place.
Analyzing the Iowa Caucus Results
TO THE EDITOR:
Re “Cruz Wins in Iowa While
Democrats Are in Virtual Tie” (front
page, Feb. 2):
It really doesn’t matter that Ted Cruz
beat Donald Trump in the Iowa caucuses
on Monday night. What matters is that
the majority of Republican voters in Iowa
threw their support to one of two candi-
dates whose main campaign themes are
meanspiritedness and bigotry.
Though this week’s talk will be all about
Mr. Trump’s loss, it should really be about
America’s loss, and about confronting
head on the racism, xenophobia and Is-
lamophobia — not to mention callous in-
difference to poverty and suffering — that
have become the calling cards of these po-
liticians, and that are sadly embraced (or,
at the very least, overlooked) by far too
many Americans.
RICHARD JAY NUSSBAUM
New York
TO THE EDITOR:
The Iowa caucuses should go down in
history as a travesty for political polling.
From first to last, Donald Trump’s aston-
ishing standing in the polls validated his
candidacy. He regularly invoked it to
pound down his competitors. Yet the poll-
sters consistently inflated Mr. Trump’s
standing by assuming that he had the
same ability to convert a preference into
an actual vote as the others did. He did
not; he failed at the “ground game.”
FRED ANDREWS
Southold, N.Y.
TO THE EDITOR:
Out of the chaos of the Republican race
emerged a glimmer of hope for centrist
Republicans whose only desire is to re-
take the White House. Yes, Ted Cruz had
the most votes, and Donald Trump was
second. But handily outperforming his
poll numbers was Marco Rubio.
The anyone-but-Cruz and anyone-but-
Trump crowd seemed to coalesce around
Mr. Rubio. And what is there not to like?
He is young, energetic, photogenic, highly
articulate and Latino. Further, he polls
well against the putative Democratic
nominee, Hillary Clinton.
Mrs. Clinton may be bruised and dam-
aged, but she is the only viable Democrat
Israel and the U.N. Chief: A Clash of Perspectives
TO THE EDITOR:
As terror continues to wash over Is-
rael, claiming more lives, the people in
my country were surprised to find an-
other infuriating statement by Secretary
General Ban Ki-moon in “Don’t Shoot the
Messenger, Israel” (Op-Ed, Feb. 1).
Throughout the United Nations’ his-
tory, terror attacks have received harsh
and unequivocal condemnation from its
secretaries general. Many times they
were followed by Security Council reso-
lutions. Only when it comes to Israel,
however, is terrorism — like the murder
of a mother in front of her children last
month — denounced with ifs and buts.
The secretary general writes that “his-
tory proves that people will always resist
occupation.” Nothing can justify the mur-
der of 30 innocent Israelis since last Sep-
tember. His statement legitimizes the
Palestinian Authority’s incitement to ter-
ror and violence.
If Mr. Ban is looking for the factors
leading to terror, he should listen to the
terrorists themselves, who have admit-
ted that it is the hate-filled programming
on the Palestinian Authority’s official TV
that inspires them to stab and murder.
When it comes to the situation in my
region, the United Nations must focus its
efforts to stop terror and incitement in
order to cultivate a prosperous ground
for peace. DANNY DANON
Ambassador and Permanent
Representative of Israel to the U.N.
New York
TO THE EDITOR:
Ban Ki-moon writes that “along with
the United States, the European Union
and the Russian Federation, the United
The Iranian People’s Dream
TO THE EDITOR:
Re “Iranian Oil Shipper Makes Up for
Lost Time as Sanctions End” (news arti-
cle, Jan. 29): As an American born in
Iran who shared a sigh of relief with hun-
dreds of millions worldwide, I am
pleased to witness the nuclear break-
through and the Western economic
prospects it is yielding between Iran and
the West, especially for the 80 million
highly educated, entrepreneurial and
tech-savvy Iranians.
The millions of Iranians in diaspora
will play a pivotal role to bring the West
and Iran closer in such endeavors. And
as the sovereignty and security of the na-
tion of Iran, several millenniums in the
making, is reaffirmed, I yearn for its peo-
ple to ultimately enjoy reform, liberty,
equality, justice and peace, ideals they
have been struggling for the last 200
years. DAVOOD N. RAHNI
New York
NEWS
DEAN BAQUET, Executive Editor
TOM BODKIN, Creative Director
SUSAN CHIRA, Deputy Executive Editor
JANET ELDER, Deputy Executive Editor
MATTHEW PURDY, Deputy Executive Editor
KINSEY WILSON, Editor for Innovation and Strategy
Executive V.P., Product and Technology
REBECCA CORBETT, Assistant Editor
STEVE DUENES, Assistant Editor
IAN FISHER, Assistant Editor
JOSEPH KAHN, Assistant Editor
CLIFFORD LEVY, Assistant Editor
ALEXANDRA MAC CALLUM, Assistant Editor
MICHELE MC NALLY, Assistant Editor
left in the race, with Martin O’Malley
dropping out. Rubio vs. Clinton, “new
generation” against the old guard. It
should be a rollicking good show, great
theater and a true clash of ideologies.
Stay tuned. KEN DEROW
Swarthmore, Pa.
TO THE EDITOR:
Coming from way behind to a virtual tie
without a PAC, without a last name like
Clinton, without the media bias shown to
his opponent suggests that Bernie
Sanders is, indeed, the progressive candi-
date who gets things done.
His opponent’s self-constructed narra-
tive, which media have bought into — ex-
perience and accomplishment — now
begs to be examined a bit more closely.
When objectively compared, Mr. Sanders
has as much or more experience and ac-
complishment as Hillary Clinton. Hope-
fully, after these results in Iowa, the
Democratic campaign can become more
of a battle of ideas and a determination by
voters, not the media or one’s PAC, of who
can be trusted and has the judgment to
get the things that he or she proposes
done. JOHN E. COLBERT
Arroyo Seco, N.M.
TO THE EDITOR:
Being in a virtual tie with Bernie
Sanders in Iowa may prove to be a bless-
ing in disguise for Hillary Clinton, as it
will make her work harder and be sharp-
er, which will help her enormously in the
general election.
KENNETH L. ZIMMERMAN
Huntington Beach, Calif.
TO THE EDITOR:
On the night of the Iowa caucuses, the
networks think the Democratic results
are too close to call. Yet Hillary Clinton’s
campaign declares victory, and she
makes a speech. Bernie Sanders waits
longer, then makes his speech, saying the
results are a “virtual tie.”
Which candidate jumps to a conclusion
without supporting evidence? Which can-
didate cautiously and accurately assesses
the situation? Whose judgment do you
trust? ESTHER RILEY
Fairfax, Calif.
Nations is calling for substantial
changes in policy to strengthen the eco-
nomic, institutional and security pillars
of the Palestinian Authority.” The secre-
tary general might have been more clear
on this point given the absence of such
support from our Republican-led legisla-
tive branch.
The fact is that the world community is
in direct conflict with American legisla-
tors on this matter, the exact same dy-
namic featured in the recent Iran deal.
Given that a two-state solution has been
the policy of every American administra-
tion, Republican or Democratic, for
years, our Congress’s mindless opposi-
tion to stateless and suffering Pal-
estinians will only assure less American
international leadership at a time when
our G.O.P. decries just that.
ERIC R. CAREY
Arlington, Va.
A Harmful Class-Action Bill
TO THE EDITOR:
Re “An Important Win for Class Ac-
tions” (editorial, Jan. 21):
The Supreme Court’s decision in
Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez is indeed a
victory for consumers, but it is important
to note that this victory may be short-
lived because of dangerous legislation
that is swiftly moving through Congress.
On Jan. 8, the House of Repre-
sentatives passed H.R. 1927, the Fairness
in Class Action Litigation and Furthering
Asbestos Claim Transparency Act of
2016, which would impose unattainable
new requirements on plaintiffs seeking
class certification, making it virtually
impossible for victims of corporate
wrongdoing to seek accountability and
obtain relief through class actions.
As you note, class actions are often the
only way for consumers to hold
wrongdoers accountable without having
to engage in multiple duplicative actions.
Most important, class actions make it fi-
nancially feasible for those who have
smaller but nonetheless consequential
injuries to obtain justice.
I hope that my colleagues in the Sen-
ate will follow the Supreme Court’s lead
and act to protect Americans’ access to
the civil justice system by rejecting H.R.
1927. JOHN CONYERS Jr.
Washington
The writer, a Democrat, is ranking mem-
ber on the House Judiciary Committee.
ONLINE: MORE LETTERS
“We are not only a violent animal,
but also a uniquely violent animal,”
Malcolm Potts, a professor of public
health, writes. nytimes.com/opinion
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EDITORIAL
ANDREW ROSENTHAL, Editorial Page Editor
JAMES DAO, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
TERRY TANG, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
BUSINESS
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
MARK THOMPSON, Chief Executive Officer
MICHAEL GOLDEN, Vice Chairman
JAMES M. FOLLO, Chief Financial Officer
KENNETH A. RICHIERI, General Counsel
ROLAND A. CAPUTO, Executive V.P., Print Products
MEREDITH KOPIT LEVIEN, Chief Revenue Officer
WILLIAM T. BARDEEN, Senior Vice President
TERRY L. HAYES, Senior Vice President
R. ANTHONY BENTEN, Controller
LAURENA L. EMHOFF, Treasurer
DIANE BRAYTON, Secretary

FRANK BRUNI
Hillary
Clinton’s
Dutiful Slog
Late Monday, as the unfinished vote
count suggested the slimmest of vic-
tories for Hillary Clinton, she stepped to
a microphone, flashed an Oscar-worthy
smile of triumph and told supporters that
she was “breathing a big sigh of relief.”
She wasn’t. She isn’t. And she defi-
nitely shouldn’t be.
That’s not because what happened in
Iowa — almost a tie between her and
Bernie Sanders — substantially loosens
her grip on the Democratic presidential
nomination. Iowa was better terrain for
Sanders than much of what lies ahead,
and the dynamics that made her a heavy
favorite to be the nominee before the
state’s caucuses make her a heavy favor-
ite still.
But Iowa demonstrated, yet again,
what a flawed and tarnished candidate
she is. And on the Republican side, the
caucuses augured the possibility of a re-
treat from the party’s craziness and the
rise of an adversary, Marco Rubio, who
could give her trouble in a general-elec-
tion matchup.
She should have trounced Sanders.
Yes, he communicates authenticity to an
electorate ravenous for it and has given
potent voice to Americans’ economic
angst. But little in his Senate career sug-
After Iowa, she has
more to prove than to
savor.
gests that he’d be able to turn that ora-
tory into remedy.
He’s no gushing font of political
charisma. He’s a 74-year-old, self-pro-
claimed socialist who until fairly re-
cently had minimal name recognition
outside of Vermont.
President Obama clearly prefers Clin-
ton. And in a poll of Democrats showing
up for the Iowa caucuses, well over half
said that they wanted someone who
would continue Obama’s agenda —
which is the precise pledge that Clinton
has been making over the last few weeks
— while only about one-third said that
they preferred someone more liberal.
Even so, Clinton appears to have
edged out Sanders by mere decimal
points. How to explain it?
Perhaps with the sturdiest truism of
politics: Elections are about the future.
And so much about Clinton screams the
past.
A rally of hers that I attended in Iowa
last week actually began with a high-
lights reel of Clinton through time, in-
cluding plenty of footage from the 1990s.
I understand why. The retrospective
underscored her extraordinary experi-
ence. But nothing in her subsequent
speech looked forward as stirringly as
those images looked backward.
She’s forever stressing what she’s put
up with, what she’s survived. “I’ve been
around a long time,” she said in Des
Moines a week ago, answering — but not
really — a young voter’s question about
the dearth of enthusiasm for her. “They
throw all this stuff at me, and I’m still
standing.”
It’s the language of drudgery and duty
rather than inspiration, and she can
sound as if she’s collecting on an i.o.u.
and asking voters to complete her trajec-
tory rather than begin one of their own.
Bill Clinton may well garner applause,
but every time he stumps for her, it’s an
implicit promise to revisit yesterday, not
to chart tomorrow. On Monday night, he
and Chelsea stood with her as she spoke,
and I was struck by the overwhelming
familiarity of that tableau. It has been
with us for a quarter of a century.
At this point the Clintons are royalty,
and royalty sits at a remove from all else.
Among Democratic caucusgoers most
concerned about voting for a candidate
who cared about people like them, 74 per-
cent picked Sanders, while only 22 per-
cent chose Clinton. (Martin O’Malley got
the remainder.)
For caucusgoers acting primarily on
the basis of who they deemed most “hon-
est and trustworthy,” 83 percent voted
for Sanders, while just 10 percent voted
for Clinton. That’s the toll of all the atten-
tion to her emails, a topic that’s not disap-
pearing anytime soon.
She has a habit, whether addressing a
large group or a small one, of diving so
deeply into the weeds of a subject that
she doesn’t so much impress listeners as
exhaust them. To her credit, she has edu-
cated herself more thoroughly than
other politicians. But she somehow
hasn’t learned to wear that erudition
lightly.
For months Democrats have been
heartened by the absurdity with which
Donald Trump infused the Republican
primary and by the prospect of him or
Ted Cruz as the party’s nominee. But his
second-place showing could be his twi-
light, and Rubio’s strong third-place fin-
ish supports the scenario that he’s the
one.
He poses a bigger threat to Clinton. He
understands that she, like Jeb Bush, is an
awkward fit for the national mood, and
he’d try to take advantage of that. He
leans hard on his youth. He talks about a
new generation.
Clinton needs to persuade voters that
as much as they’ve seen of her, she can
still lead them to a place they’ve not yet
seen. She hasn’t succeeded, and she
slogs on from Iowa much as she did eight
years ago: with more to prove than to sa-
vor.
THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Help Assad’s Officers Defect
By Mohammed Alaa Ghanem
A
S the fraught Syria peace talks
inch forward in Geneva, the
United States finds itself with
little leverage to help negoti-
ate an end to a conflict that
has left almost a quarter of a million peo-
ple dead and helped fuel the worst
refugee crisis since World War II.
But there’s an efficient way for Wash-
ington to put pressure on Damascus: Of-
fer money and asylum to officers and of-
ficials who defect from the criminal re-
gime of President Bashar al-Assad.
Discontent among Alawites — the mi-
nority sect that forms the regime’s core
constituency — as well as Druse and
other religious minorities is at its highest
since 2012, when dozens of Mr. Assad’s
senior military and security officials left
the government. Last summer, simmer-
ing tensions reportedly boiled over when
gun battles erupted between Iranian-
backed regime forces and residents of
two Alawite villages outside Hama. In
September, Druse protesters and
paramilitaries overtook a government
building in the southern province of
Sweida and even destroyed a statue of
Hafez al-Assad, Mr. Assad’s father.
Over the course of the revolution,
about 3,000 Syrian officers have jumped
ship, according to a report by the Free
Syrian Army. A vast majority now live in
refugee camps in Turkey and Jordan,
where they perform odd jobs or rely on
host countries or the thinly stretched
Syrian opposition for their daily bread.
But not enough have left, largely because
this enormous decline in quality of life
discourages additional desertions, in
particular from high-level generals who
could help force a political solution.
Money and legal assistance from the
United States could change that.
I know firsthand that Mr. Assad’s dep-
uties would take advantage of this fund.
In 2012, an Assad official reached out to
the Syrian community in Washington.
The official was ready to switch sides
and wanted help. This message was
quickly forwarded to the State Depart-
ment, which gave a surprising reply: Ap-
ply for a visa and follow the normal pro-
cedure. The aspiring defector decided to
sit tight, deterred by the prospect of a
lengthy and intensive application
process that would undoubtedly blow the
official’s cover.
Something similar happened a few
months later. An influential Alawite offi-
cer wanted to find out whether the
United States would support him if he
abandoned his post. Although he was
prepared to rally his network against Mr.
Assad if he received assistance, Wash-
ington essentially ignored him.
To be fair, the Obama administration
has secretly communicated with top
Syrian officials for years to encourage
them to switch sides. That outreach,
however, has been limited to high-level
contacts and has never included con-
crete incentives, according to former ad-
ministration officials I spoke with. For
that strategy to work, Washington must
deliver substantial assistance to lower-
ranking officers and officials.
The best way is for the C.I.A. to pro-
vide temporary asylum and two pay-
ments: a lump sum delivered to defec-
tors immediately after they abandon Mr.
Assad, and then a monthly salary of a
few thousand dollars. This would be real
money to Syrians, but mere pennies
Mohammed Alaa Ghanem is the director
of government relations and a senior po-
litical adviser at the Syrian American
Council.
Big Money, Big Government
By Richard W. Painter
A
LL Americans should be alarmed
about the effects of money in
politics. But it is con-
servatives who should be
leading the fight for cam-
paign-finance reform. Unfortunately,
none of the Republican candidates for
president have taken on this issue.
Why should conservative voters care?
First, big money in politics encourages big
government. Campaign contributions
drive spending on earmarks and other
wasteful programs — bridges to nowhere,
contracts for equipment the military does
not need, solar energy companies that go
bankrupt on the government’s dime and
for-profit educational institutions that
don’t educate. When politicians are de-
pendent on campaign money from con-
tractors and lobbyists, they’re incapable
of holding spending programs to account.
Campaign contributions also breed
more regulation. Companies in heavily
regulated industries such as banking,
health care and energy are among the
largest contributors. Such companies do-
nate with the hope of winning narrowly
tailored exceptions to regulations that
help them and disadvantage their com-
petitors. Politicians sometimes say they
want to roll back regulations wholesale,
but they rarely follow through because
they know that less regulation will remove
the incentive for future contributions.
Some would call it extortion, but that is
how the regulatory game is often played.
Social conservatives and faith-based
voters should care about big money in
politics because it drowns out their voices
on issues from abortion and euthanasia to
gambling and pornography. Churches and
other charitable groups are prohibited
from contributing to campaigns or even
endorsing candidates. Politicians pay
Richard W. Painter, a professor at the
University of Minnesota Law School, is
the author of “Taxation Only With Repre-
sentation: The Conservative Conscience
0 and Campaign Finance Reform.”
They are the key to a
political solution.
compared with the $3 billion Washington
has spent on the anti-Islamic State cam-
paign.
Obviously, the agency should vet all of-
ficers beforehand to verify they are in-
deed Syrian officials and not double
agents. In exchange, defectors should be
required to mobilize other members of
their community to switch sides and
work with opposition members on a po-
litical transition plan.
My Alawite contacts also stressed the
need for secrecy. It’s doubly risky for
those who still have family in Syria to
abandon the regime, since their loved
ones would most likely be targeted by
Mr. Assad’s security forces. In fact, Mr.
Assad fears defections so much so that
his intelligence services closely monitor
Army officers.
As part of any negotiation, Obama ad-
ministration officials should say, with
clarity and consistency, that Mr. Assad
cannot stay in power. Secretary of State
John Kerry’s recent conference with op-
position leaders in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
left them wondering if the United States
even wants Mr. Assad to leave. Alawites
were similarly confused last spring after
the C.I.A. director, John O. Brennan, said
no one “wants to see a collapse of the
them lip service, but their influence pales
in comparison to large for-profit enter-
prises. Values don’t pay for campaigns;
health insurance companies, entertain-
ment businesses, the gambling industry
and its online counterparts do.
Remember the poor widow in the
Gospel of Luke who contributed coins to
the temple treasury? She is the values
voter of today. If religious conservatives
want to accomplish their goals, they first
need to drive the big spenders out of the
temples of our democracy.
Our campaign-finance system is also a
national security risk. In a global econ-
omy, corporate wealth is no longer mostly
American. American companies are
owned by, borrow money from, and do
The conservative case
for campaign-finance
reform.
business with foreign governments, com-
panies, sovereign wealth funds and oli-
garchs. Equating corporate wealth with
free political speech, as the Supreme
Court did in its 2010 Citizens United deci-
sion, means that global economic power
will help choose our government. Organi-
zations that are not required to disclose
the identities of their donors use their
“free speech” rights to produce election
ads; only the most naïve can believe the
money behind those organizations is all
American.
It is, of course, illegal for foreigners and
foreign companies to contribute to Ameri-
can political campaigns. Those restric-
tions, however, are as easy to evade as un-
derage drinking laws on college cam-
puses. There is a big money party going
on in Washington and telling well-heeled
foreigners that they can’t attend simply
won’t work. They may act more discreetly
than their American counterparts, but
they will be there, and that so little of what
ANTHONY RUSSO
government.” Such confusion has real
consequences in Syria.
Moreover, America’s current timeline,
which gives Mr. Assad at least 13 months
until his departure, wrongly signals to
potential defectors that there is no hurry.
But there should be a rush. If Washing-
ton persuades more officers and officials
to switch sides, it could help precipitate
the beginning of the end of the war.
Of course, support for defectors would
not be a panacea. Russian military inter-
vention in Syria has convinced many in
the Alawite elite that Mr. Assad will
never fall. And Iran has sent strong sig-
nals that it supports Alawites. As Mr. As-
sad suffered heavy losses last summer,
the commander of the Islamic Revolu-
tionary Guards Corps’ elite Quds Force,
Maj. Gen. Qassim Suleimani, visited
Alawite towns on the front lines in an os-
tentatious show of support. Such public
displays make a difference as Syrians
consider whether to abandon Mr. Assad
or not. But so would help from Washing-
ton.
If Syrian minorities abandon Mr. As-
sad in greater numbers, the conflict
would lose much of its dangerous sectari-
an tenor. And chances for a stable po-
litical transition would increase. Wash-
ington should improve the living condi-
tions of former officers in refugee camps
and offer concrete incentives to those
who want to switch sides. Doing so would
help the United States increase its lever-
age during the Geneva talks, and hasten
Mr. Assad’s downfall. 0 noted, “only amplified” the polarization
goes on at the party is disclosed makes
foreign participation that much easier.
All this is a betrayal of conservative
values. Conservative political leaders
from Edmund Burke in the 18th century to
Senator John McCain in the 21st have ex-
pressed dismay over the cost of elections
and the corrupting influence of money in
politics. The 1964 Republican presidential
nominee, Senator Barry Goldwater, in his
1960 book “The Conscience of a Conserva-
tive,” wrote: “In order to achieve the
widest possible distribution of political
power, financial contributions to political
campaigns should be made by individuals
and individuals alone. I see no reason for
labor unions — or corporations — to par-
ticipate in politics.” He also strenuously
objected to the Supreme Court’s obstruc-
tion of campaign finance reform begin-
ning in the 1970s.
More important, the system is a betray-
al of the vision of participatory democracy
embraced by the founders of our country.
They rebelled against oligarchy and cor-
ruption in England. They tossed the
British tea into Boston Harbor in 1773 and
demanded taxation only with representa-
tion. We should do the same.
Taxation in the United States should be
conditioned on every individual
taxpayer’s being allowed to designate the
first $200 of his or her taxes to support a
political candidate. Such a “tax rebate for
democracy” would bring billions of small
donations to political candidates, who
would no longer depend on a tiny sliver of
the population for the money they need to
get elected. Government contractors and
other beneficiaries of wasteful spending
would have less influence, and ordinary
voters would have a fighting chance to
make sure the rest of their tax dollars
were spent conservatively and responsi-
bly.
This and other reforms, including great-
er transparency about who is paying for
election ads, and a less activist Supreme
Court that would allow Congress and state
legislatures to address campaign finance,
would go a long way toward restoring the
republican form of government that our
founders embedded in the Constitution.0
N A23
THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN
Social Media:
Destroyer
Or Creator?
Over the last few years we’ve been
treated to a number of “Facebook revolu-
tions,” from the Arab Spring to Occupy
Wall Street to the squares of Istanbul, Kiev
and Hong Kong, all fueled by social media.
But once the smoke cleared, most of these
revolutions failed to build any sustainable
new political order, in part because as so
many voices got amplified, consensus-
building became impossible.
Question: Does it turn out that social
media is better at breaking things than at
making things?
Last month an important voice an-
swered this question with a big “ yes.”
That voice was Wael Ghonim, the Egyp-
tian Google employee whose anonymous
Facebook page helped to launch the
Tahrir Square revolution in early 2011 that
toppled President Hosni Mubarak — but
then failed to give birth to a true
democratic alternative.
In December, Ghonim, who has since
moved to Silicon Valley, posted a TED talk
about what went wrong. It is worth watch-
ing and begins like this: “I once said, ‘If
you want to liberate a society, all you need
is the Internet.’ I was wrong. I said those
words back in 2011, when a Facebook page
I anonymously created helped spark the
Egyptian revolution. The Arab Spring re-
vealed social media’s greatest potential,
but it also exposed its greatest shortcom-
ings. The same tool that united us to top-
ple dictators eventually tore us apart.”
In the early 2000s, Arabs were flocking
to the web, Ghonim explained: “Thirsty
for knowledge, for opportunities, for con-
necting with the rest of the people around
the globe, we escaped our frustrating po-
litical realities and lived a virtual, alterna-
tive life.”
And then in June 2010, he noted, the “In-
ternet changed my life forever. While
browsing Facebook, I saw a photo . . . of a
tortured, dead body of a young Egyptian
guy. His name was Khaled Said. Khaled
was a 29-year-old Alexandrian who was
killed by police. I saw myself in his picture.
. . . I anonymously created a Facebook
page and called it ‘We Are All Khaled
Lessons learned in a
‘Facebook revolution.’
Said.’ In just three days, the page had over
100,000 people, fellow Egyptians who
shared the same concern.”
Soon Ghonim and his friends used Face-
book to crowd-source ideas, and “the page
became the most followed page in the
Arab world. . . . Social media was crucial
for this campaign. It helped a decentral-
ized movement arise. It made people real-
ize that they were not alone. And it made it
impossible for the regime to stop it.”
Ghonim was eventually tracked down
in Cairo by Egyptian security services,
beaten and then held incommunicado for
11 days. But three days after he was freed,
the millions of protesters his Facebook
posts helped to galvanize brought down
Mubarak’s regime.
Alas, the euphoria soon faded, said
Ghonim, because “we failed to build con-
sensus, and the political struggle led to in-
tense polarization.” Social media, he
“by facilitating the spread of misinforma-
tion, rumors, echo chambers and hate
speech. The environment was purely
toxic. My online world became a battle-
ground filled with trolls, lies, hate speech.”
Supporters of the army and the
Islamists used social media to smear each
other, while the democratic center, which
Ghonim and so many others occupied,
was marginalized. Their revolution was
stolen by the Muslim Brotherhood and,
when it failed, by the army, which then ar-
rested many of the secular youths who
first powered the revolution. The army
has its own Facebook page to defend itself.
“It was a moment of defeat,” said
Ghonim. “I stayed silent for more than two
years, and I used the time to reflect on ev-
erything that happened.”
Here is what he concluded about social
media today: “First, we don’t know how to
deal with rumors. Rumors that confirm
people’s biases are now believed and
spread among millions of people.” Second,
“We tend to only communicate with peo-
ple that we agree with, and thanks to so-
cial media, we can mute, un-follow and
block everybody else. Third, online dis-
cussions quickly descend into angry
mobs. . . . It’s as if we forget that the people
behind screens are actually real people
and not just avatars.
“And fourth, it became really hard to
change our opinions. Because of the speed
and brevity of social media, we are forced
to jump to conclusions and write sharp
opinions in 140 characters about complex
world affairs. And once we do that, it lives
forever on the Internet.”
Fifth, and most crucial, he said, “today,
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our social media experiences are de-
signed in a way that favors broadcasting
over engagements, posts over discus-
sions, shallow comments over deep con-
versations. . . . It’s as if we agreed that we
are here to talk at each other instead of
talking with each other.”
Ghonim has not given up. He and a few
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
friends recently started a website, Parlio
.com, to host intelligent, civil conversa-
tions about controversial and often heated
issues, with the aim of narrowing gaps,
not widening them. (I participated in a de-
bate on Parlio and found it engaging and
substantive.)
“Five years ago,” concluded Ghonim, “I
said, ‘If you want to liberate society, all
you need is the Internet.’ Today I believe if
we want to liberate society, we first need
to liberate the Internet.” 0
 A24 N
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
 Defective Airbags
Pressure on Takata
Two senators urge that a global
recall be expanded to all vehicles
with a certain type of airbag.
Yahoo Says It Is Open to Offers and Will Lay Off 15% of Its Work Force
By DAVID STREITFELD
SAN FRANCISCO — Yahoo is moving
full speed ahead — in every direction.
The Internet pioneer said on Tuesday
that it was open to offers for its core as-
sets, which would represent the end of
Yahoo as an independent entity. That is
a shift from the company’s position as
recently as December.
Yahoo is also proceeding with plans
to spin out those core assets. That
would leave its most valuable property,
its holdings in the Chinese e-commerce
giant Alibaba, in the original company.
Deal Struck
To Balance
U.S.-Europe
Data Fears
By MARK SCOTT
European officials on Tuesday
agreed to a deal with the United
States that would let Google, Am-
azon and thousands of other busi-
nesses continue moving people’s
digital data, including social me-
dia posts and financial informa-
tion, back and forth across the At-
lantic.
With billions of dollars of busi-
ness potentially at stake, the
data-transfer deal was the result
of more than three months of
often tense negotiations between
United States and European Un-
ion policy makers, who have
clashed over what level of pri-
vacy individuals can expect when
companies and government
agencies follow ever-expanding
digital footprints.
Part of the challenge is balanc-
ing individuals’ privacy concerns
with national security obliga-
tions, particularly in light of
mounting fears about interna-
tional terrorism.
The agreement announced on
Tuesday aims to address those
privacy concerns and strike that
balance by including written
guarantees by the United States
— to be reviewed annually — that
American intelligence agencies
would not have indiscriminate
access to Europeans’ digital data
when it is sent across the Atlan-
tic. Whether that provision will
reassure privacy-rights groups
remains to be seen.
Continued on Page 7
Email Shows
Profit Drove
Drug Pricing
By ANDREW POLLACK
and MATTHEW GOLDSTEIN
Martin Shkreli anticipated
huge profits from raising the
price of a decades-old drug for an
infectious disease, belying any
notion that helping patients was
foremost in his mind, according
to information released by con-
gressional investigators on Tues-
day.
The investigators also pro-
vided evidence showing that
Valeant Pharmaceuticals Inter-
national carefully pondered how
much it could raise the price of
two old heart drugs, Isuprel and
Nitropress, before buying them a
year ago and increasing their
prices overnight, by 525 percent
for Isuprel and 212 percent for Ni-
tropress.
Mr. Shkreli practically gloated
about the potential profits in an
email he sent last August, just af-
ter his company, Turing Pharma-
ceuticals, had paid $55 million to
acquire the drug Daraprim, and
had raised its price more than fif-
tyfold to $750 a pill, or $75,000 for
a bottle of 100.
“So 5,000 paying bottles at the
new price is $375,000,000 — al-
most all of it is profit and I think
we will get three years of that or
more,” Mr. Shkreli wrote in the
email to someone the congres-
sional staff identified only as an
outside contact.
“Should be a very handsome
investment for all of us. Let’s all
cross our fingers that the esti-
Continued on Page 8
Square Feet SportsWednesday Pages 10-15
Megaresort in Limbo A Reclamation Project
The lavish Baha Mar is caught in A stint at no-frills Blinn College
a dispute between a developer helped Cam Newton return to
3 and his Chinese partners. 4 big-time football. 10
N B1
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Investors like that idea. versial executive will get more time to ecutive at Google, she said, “We were
But what Yahoo is really focusing on fix the company promises to be one of sitting on $5 billion in deteriorating rev-
is revitalizing itself under the guidance Silicon Valley’s most prominent dramas A plan to shed assets enue with no clear path to growth.”
of Marissa Mayer, who has been chief
executive since the summer of 2012.
of 2016. The next move is up to activist
investors, who can try to elect a new
and cut expenses. In essence, she said that Yahoo was
no longer deteriorating and was poised
“What I am trying to do is reassure slate to the Yahoo board. for better times — not in 2016, perhaps,
people,” Ms. Mayer said in an interview. The company said on Tuesday that but 2017.
“You could classify it as a call for pa- one of its directors, Charles Schwab, be about 42 percent smaller than it was Investors seemed not quite sure how
tience. I am asking shareholders to un- was resigning because of other de- in 2012. to react to the news, which came with
derstand this is a complicated situa- mands on his time. In addition to being smaller, Ms. the release of Yahoo’s quarterly results.
tion.” Whether it is sold or survives, Yahoo Mayer said, the company would be sim- Yahoo shares, which slumped for most
In a conference call with analysts, she is getting smaller. It said on Tuesday it pler. Yahoo will shed assets, cut ex- of Tuesday as the overall market fell, at
added: “It is going to be very busy.” would lay off about 15 percent of its penses and focus on the areas of the first perked up. But in after-hours trad-
Very busy, and very riveting. Wheth- 11,000 employees. By the end of the cuts, company that are growing. When she ing, the stock declined slightly.
er the intense, glamorous and contro- the company said its work force would arrived at Yahoo after working as an ex- Continued on Page 8
ChemChina
Near a Deal
To Acquire
Syngenta
By LESLIE PICKER
and CHAD BRAY
China is on the verge of its big-
gest ever foreign deal — and an-
other possible political storm.
The state-owned China Nation-
al Chemical Corporation is near-
ing a deal to acquire Syngenta of
Switzerland, one of the world’s
biggest manufacturers of agricul-
ture chemicals and seeds, people
with knowledge of the discus-
sions said on Tuesday.
The deal values Syngenta
around $43 billion, one of the peo-
ple said. An acquisition would
signal China’s continued global
business ambitions even at a
time when worries about its slow-
ing economic growth have
gripped the world’s markets.
An announcement could come
SAM HODGSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES as soon as Wednesday, when
Syngenta reports earnings, said
the people, who spoke on the con-
dition of anonymity.
A purchase of Syngenta could
help China, the world’s second-
largest economy after the United
States, revolutionize its agricul-
ture sector. A deal could help ac-
A deal would signal
China’s continued
global interests.
celerate China’s push for food in-
dependence.
Yet questions are expected
about its intentions.
“Normally, the biggest worry
is market concentration, but in
this case, it’s the Chinese govern-
ment,” said Joseph Foudy, a pro-
fessor of Asian economics at the
Stern School of Business at New
York University. “Are we com-
fortable with the Chinese govern-
ment controlling our genetically
modified seeds? What if they lim-
it to countries they don’t like?”
Similar concerns about control
SPENCER PLATT/GETTY IMAGES
emerged in 2005, when China Na-
Supporters of a $15 minimum wage, top, at a gathering in November in Manhattan. Above, a homeless couple at a tional Offshore Oil Corporation
shelter in Biloxi, Miss. A group of liberal and conservative economists produced a plan for alleviating poverty. bid $18.5 billion for the American
energy company Unocal. Ulti-
mately, Congress raised objec-
tions to the proposed combina-
Meeting in Middle
tion, leading Cnooc to withdraw
its offer and paving the way for
Chevron to step in.
No prominent politicians have
raised objections as of yet, but no
deal has yet been announced.
On Fighting Poverty
The price and timing of the pro-
posed transaction were not final
Continued on Page 8
attaching a job requirement to the food stamp
Economists From Left and Right Propose program, to compel poor people to work. They
strongly endorsed marriage, as well as birth
A List of Ideas With Bipartisan Promise control.
They called for increasing the earned-in-
come tax credit for adults without children.
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If you have been paying any attention to
CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
They also proposed more federal investment
America’s paralyzed politics, you are not go- in early childhood education and community
ing to believe this. colleges. They defended a common core in
Even as substantive legislation education.
EDUARDO in Washington remained largely
bogged down by bitter partisan
To pay for it all, they recommended culling
corporate boondoggles and individual tax ex-
PORTER mistrust, some of the leading penditures that overwhelmingly benefit the
thinkers on opposite sides of the wealthy, like farm subsidies and the mortgage
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
ECONOMIC ideological divide — experts on interest tax deduction. And they urged reduc-
SCENE
the right who have advised Re- ing Social Security benefits for affluent Amer- MICHAEL STRAVATO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
publican policy makers alongside left-leaning icans.
scholars who have Democrats’ ear — came These folks do not often agree. The group Eroding Earnings
together to champion an increase in the mini- included Robert Doar of the conservative Oil’s collapse has taken a toll
mum wage. American Enterprise Institute and Lawrence on even the biggest energy
They didn’t stop there. In a report pub- Mead of New York University, who believe companies. Exxon’s profit is
lished in December, they also recommended Continued on Page 7 down 58 percent. Page 2.
B2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Exxon Mobil’s Profits Fall and BP Posts a $3.3 Billion Loss
By CLIFFORD KRAUSS
and STANLEY REED
HOUSTON — Over the last
year the biggest oil companies
have shown the most resilience
in the face of plunging oil prices.
But now even the likes of Exxon
Mobil, BP and Chevron are be-
ginning to lose their buoyancy.
The newest measure of the oil
industry’s falling fortunes came
on Tuesday in the form of a $3.3
billion fourth-quarter loss report-
ed by BP. Exxon Mobil, the
American industry’s largest play-
er, reported a 58 percent decline
in its quarterly profit.
Low oil and natural gas prices
are saving families hundreds of
dollars a year, but there are few
cheers among energy executives.
The entire industry is reeling
from the effects of a global glut,
and slackening international eco-
nomic growth.
Any prospect that big global
producers like Saudi Arabia and
Russia will cut production to re-
verse the 70 percent drop in oil
prices over the last 18 months has
been squashed in recent weeks.
Iran has promised to add another
500,000 barrels a day to the world
market now that several sanc-
tions have been lifted after the re-
cent nuclear deal.
Global production exceeds de-
mand by more than one million
barrels a day, and storage space
is running out. Longer term,
there are questions about the val-
ue of oil still underground, as cli-
mate concerns prompt energy
users of all sizes to seek alterna-
tives to fossil fuels.
This is the worst industry de-
cline since similar commodity
price collapses in the 1980s and
1990s forced oil companies to
slash payrolls and dividends, al-
though the biggest companies
have generally fared far better
than the smaller independents.
BP and Exxon Mobil continue to
pledge their commitment to their
dividends, helped by the strong
returns that refineries tend to
show when oil and gas, vital raw
inputs, are low.
Senior oil executives noted
that unseasonably warm weather
had lowered demand for natural
gas and that refining and chem-
ical profit margins were weak-
ening in some areas of the world.
But despite the challenges, oil ex-
ecutives on Tuesday expressed
confidence that their businesses
Clifford Krauss reported from
Houston and Stanley Reed from
London.
As the Price of Oil Falls, So Fall the Markets
By The Associated Press
Another steep drop in the price
of oil weighed on global markets
on Tuesday. Investors remained
concerned about the global econ-
omy in the face of this week’s dis-
appointing Chinese and United
States manufacturing data.
Energy stocks fell as the oil gi-
ants Exxon Mobil and Chevron
reported their worst quarterly re-
sults in over a decade. In the
technology sector, Google’s par-
ent company, Alphabet, overtook
Apple as the world’s most valu-
able publicly traded company.
The Dow Jones industrial aver-
age lost 295.64 points, or 1.8 per-
cent, to 16,153.54. The Standard &
Poor’s 500-stock index fell 36.35
points, or 1.9 percent, to 1,903.03,
and the Nasdaq composite fell
103.42 points, or 2.2 percent, to
4,516.95.
It’s a busy week on the eco-
nomic data front, particularly in
the United States, where the
week ends with monthly payroll
figures. So far, the numbers have
not impressed.
On Monday, the Institute for
Supply Management said its
gauge of factory activity pointed
to a contraction while China’s of-
ficial survey found that manufac-
As U.S. Inquiry Into Food-Borne Illness Widens, Chipotle Reports a Plunge in Profits
By STEPHANIE STROM
Chipotle Mexican Grill re-
vealed on Tuesday that federal
prosecutors had expanded their
inquiry into the company’s multi-
state outbreaks of food-borne ill-
nesses, further threatening sales
that declined steeply by the end
of last year.
In a statement that accompa-
nied its earnings report, the com-
pany said that the investigation,
which had been focused on an
outbreak of norovirus in just one
Simi Valley, Calif., restaurant,
had been broadened to a compa-
nywide inquiry. It said it received
another subpoena last week,
seeking documents and informa-
tion that covered all of the com-
pany’s food safety matters dating
to the beginning of 2013.
That expanded timetable pre-
dates the company’s troubled
summer and fall, when not just
norovirus but E. coli episodes
wreaked havoc with sales and
traffic.
Sales in stores open at least a
year, or same-store sales, sank
An oil pump jack sits within sight of a Chevron station in Midland, Tex. Profits are down at Chevron and other big oil companies.
The biggest players
are also feeling the
pain of low oil prices.
would survive and prosper in the
future, and that oil and gas prices
would eventually rebound.
“For both gas and oil we are
constructive on long-term de-
mand growth,” Jeffrey J. Wood-
bury, Exxon Mobil’s vice presi-
dent for investor relations, said in
a conference call.
Speaking to reporters in Lon-
don, Bob Dudley, BP’s chief exec-
utive, forecast that demand for oil
would most likely catch up with
falling output in the second half
of this year, leading to an easing
of the glut that has depressed
prices.
“As these start working togeth-
er — the supply and demand fun-
damentals,” Mr. Dudley said,
“you can characterize the price
as lower for longer but it’s not
lower forever.”
Nevertheless, as oil prices
STOCKS & BONDS
The Dow Minute by Minute
Position of the Dow Jones industrial average at 1-minute intervals on
Tuesday.
Previous close
16,449.18
10 a.m. Noon
Source: Reuters
turing fell to its lowest level in
more than three years.
Those reports have weighed
heavily on the market, and have
put investors back in a selling
mood after a brief reprieve last
week. Government bond prices
rose as investors sought safety.
The yield on the 10-year Treasury
note fell to 1.85 percent from 1.95
percent late Monday.
“The fear trade is alive and
well and experiencing a resur-
gence” said Kristina Hooper,
head of United States investment
14.6 percent in the quarter that
ended Dec. 31. Profits plunged 44
percent to $67.9 million, or $2.17 a
share, compared with $121.2 mil-
lion, or $3.91, in the same quarter
last year, the company said.
Since last summer, shares
have largely plummeted and the
company did not predict a fast
turnaround in its fortunes. Dur-
ing a conference call with invest-
ment analysts, Jack Hartung,
Chipotle’s chief financial officer,
reminded Wall Street that it typi-
cally took restaurant companies
that suffered a food safety scan-
dal as many as six quarters to re-
gain their footing — and that Chi-
potle suffered six such episodes
since last July. Mr. Hartung said
the company was cooperating
with investigators.
“This has been an unfortunate
set of events,” Steve Ells, the
company’s founder and co-chief
executive, said during the call.
“I’m confident Chipotle will
emerge as a strong company.”
Since July, more than 500 peo-
ple who have eaten in Chipotle
restaurants from the Pacific
slumped again on Tuesday by
about 5 percent, Exxon Mobil
shares were down 2.2 percent
and BP shares shed 8.5 percent of
their value. The American bench-
mark oil price broke just under
$30 a barrel, a level that makes
drilling unprofitable almost ev-
erywhere in the United States.
Exxon Mobil’s profit of $2.78
billion was down from $6.57 bil-
lion the year before. Its explora-
tion and production business lost
$538 million in the United States,
though its total global upstream
earnings for the quarter were
$857 million.
For all of 2015, the company’s
net income of $16.2 billion was
roughly half that of 2014.
The results would have been
far worse had it not been for the
company’s refining and chemical
businesses. It had refining and
marketing earnings of $1.35 bil-
lion, up from $497 million the year
before. With the price of oil near
$30 a barrel, the company said it
would pare share repurchases as
a cost-saving measure.
“We have built this business to
ensure it is durable in a low-price
16,500
16,400
16,300
16,200
16,100
2 p.m. 4 p.m.
THE NEW YORK TIMES
strategies for Allianz Global In-
vestors.
The weak manufacturing re-
ports weighed heavily on oil
prices, and the selling pressure
continued on Tuesday. Bench-
mark United States oil slumped
$1.74, or 5.5 percent, to close at
$29.88 a barrel, a day after it
plunged nearly 6 percent. Brent
crude lost $1.52, or 4.4 percent, to
$32.72 a barrel in London.
Energy companies, as has
been the case for several weeks,
followed oil prices lower. Exxon
Northwest to Boston have be-
come ill. The majority of them,
about 370, were infected with
norovirus after eating at a res-
taurant in Simi Valley, Calif., and
a restaurant in Boston.
More than 60 people got sick
from salmonella poisoning after
eating at a Chipotle restaurant in
Minnesota.
Most concerning were out-
breaks involving two strains of E.
coli, bacteria that can cause se-
vere intestinal cramps, diarrhea
and fever. The first of those out-
breaks, in October, sickened 53
people in multiple states, though
the majority of victims were in
Oregon and Washington. A sep-
arate E. coli strain was identified
in November, after five people
became sick in Kansas, North
Dakota and Oklahoma within a
week of eating at Chipotle.
The cost of those outbreaks be-
came apparent on Tuesday. New
food safety equipment and pro-
cedures, testing done to try to de-
termine the cause of the prob-
lems and the cost of discarding
food, hiring auditors and consult-
environment,” Mr. Woodbury
said.
For all of 2015, BP said it lost
$6.48 billion, compared with a
profit of $3.78 billion in 2014 — be-
fore plummeting oil prices began
taking their full toll.
On Tuesday, BP repeated a
commitment it made last month
to cut 4,000 jobs this year in its
exploration and production unit,
which lost $728 million in the
quarter. BP also said it would
trim about 3,000 workers from its
marketing and refining business
by the end of 2017. Before those
cuts, BP had a global work force
of about 80,000.
The company also said it wrote
down the value of its oil and gas
assets by $1.6 billion in the quar-
ter in response to plunging
prices.
Hoping to keep more investors
from fleeing, BP said on Tuesday
that despite its financial losses it
would keep its dividend un-
changed.
BP has sought to streamline its
operations by selling some busi-
nesses — a strategy in some
ways forced by its need to raise
Mobil fell $1.70, or 2.2 percent, to
$74.59 and Chevron fell $4.05, or
4.8 percent, to $81.24.
“Hope is extinguished for now,
as the now two-day fall in crude
has regained the market’s focus,”
John Briggs, head of Americas
fixed-income strategy at RBS,
wrote in a note to investors.
Chevron and Exxon were
showing signs of stress because
of the plunge in oil prices. Exxon
reported its lowest profit since
2002 and announced it was cur-
tailing its stock buyback pro-
gram. Chevron posted its first
quarterly loss since 2002.
Bank stocks fell on worries
that oil prices would cause more
energy loans to go bad, and that
the slowing economy could affect
their bottom line. There is also
concern that the slowing econ-
omy might put the brakes on the
Fed’s plans to raise interest
rates, which ultimately help
banks make more money by rais-
ing borrowing rates on loans.
JPMorgan Chase lost $1.83, or
3.1 percent, to $57.03, Bank of
America dropped 73 cents, or 5.2
percent, to $13.23, and Citigroup
fell $2.06, or 5 percent, to $40.42.
“This is a market that’s not go-
ing anywhere fast,” said Anasta-
sia Amoroso, a global market
ants and training employees in
new procedures reduced profit
margins by more than 8 percent
in the fourth quarter, Mr. Har-
tung said.
A new marketing and promo-
tional campaign that will begin
next week will most likely cost
the company $50 million, Mr.
Hartung said, or more than three
times the amount the company
spent on such programs in the
first quarter of last year. It will be
the most expensive marketing
campaign in Chipotle’s history.
Mr. Hartung said he could not
say precisely how much the new
campaign would cost because
that would depend on how many
customers redeem the promo-
tional offers.
Chipotle hired the food safety
specialist Mansour Samadpour,
the chief executive of IEH Lab-
oratories & Consulting Group,
who overhauled its food safety
regime to a level that he has said
brought the risk of contamination
to “near zero.”
Lettuce is now being cleaned
and cheese is being grated in a
MICHAEL STRAVATO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
money to help pay damages from
its oil well blowout in the Gulf of
Mexico in 2010. The company
took a charge of $443 million in
the fourth quarter for that spill,
bringing total provisions for the
disaster to $55.5 billion.
Since 2010, the company has
raised about $60 billion through
sales of assets including stakes in
three large Gulf of Mexico oil
fields in 2012 and a Texas refinery
in 2013. Most of those sales were
made when oil prices were much
higher than today. Other compa-
nies are finding it hard to find
buyers for businesses or opera-
tions they might want to sell.
The American oil giant Chev-
ron, for example, cited that prob-
lem last week when it reported
its first quarterly loss since 2002.
“It is a terrible market to be
trying to sell most assets out
there,” John S. Watson, the chair-
man and chief executive of Chev-
ron, said on Friday during a con-
ference call with analysts.
Chevron lost $588 million in the
last quarter of 2015, compared
with a $3.5 billion profit in the pe-
riod a year earlier.
The Path to No. 1
With the close of Tuesday’s trading, it was official: Alphabet, the newly
formed holding company for Google, is the most highly valued company
in the world. Coming off a strong earnings report, Alphabet dethroned
another tech giant, Apple, whose market capitalization has swooned
from the heights it reached last year. Exxon Mobil, the leader earlier in
the decade, has seen its own value decline along with the price of oil.
MARKET CAPITALIZATION
$800 billion
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
’10 ’11 ’12 ’13
Source: Reuters
strategist at JPMorgan Asset
Management.
In other company news, Al-
phabet, the recently formed par-
ent company of Google, rose
$12.65, or 1.7 percent, to $764.65,
after the company’s results hand-
ily beat analysts’ forecasts late
Monday. With Tuesday’s gains,
Alphabet is now the largest pub-
licly traded company by market
central location and packed in
sealed containers, then shipped
to individual restaurants. Onions,
jalapeños and other vegetables
that arrive in the restaurant
whole are being blanched in boil-
ing water to kill microbes, and
raw meat is being handled differ-
ently, Mr. Ells told the analysts.
“We have gone to all our sup-
Federal prosecutors
ask for documents
dating to 2013.
pliers, especially suppliers that
have high-risk items like meat
and produce, and implemented
high-resolution DNA testing as
laid out by Dr. Samadpour,” Mr.
Ells said.
The company also instituted a
paid sick leave policy, unusual in
the fast-food business. On Mon-
day, it plans to close all stores for
BUSINESS BRIEFING
Harper’s Magazine Editor
Out After 3 Months
Christopher Cox, the editor of
Harper’s Magazine, was fired by
the publication’s president and
publisher, John R. MacArthur, last
week, after a three-month tenure.
Mr. Cox said on Tuesday that he
was dismissed because of “edito-
rial differences with the publish-
er,” but declined to elaborate. A
spokeswoman for the magazine
declined to comment. Mr. Cox’s
departure signals the latest sign
of upheaval at the 165-year-old
magazine, which has struggled
with dwindling print circulation
and diminished relevance in the
digital era. The magazine’s circu-
lation fell to 130,257 for the six-
month period ending in June 2015,
down from 187,635 two years earli-
er, according to the company’s fil-
ings with the Alliance for Audited
Media. Harper’s, published
monthly, is a nonprofit that is
funded by Mr. MacArthur’s foun-
dation, a structure that provides
some financial stability but one
that also gives Mr. MacArthur
considerable influence. Mr. Cox
was the magazine’s 15th editor, a
prestigious post previously held
by Lewis H. Lapham and Michael
Kinsley. Mr. Cox replaced Ellen
Rosenbush, a Harper’s veteran
who became editor in 2010 after
Mr. MacArthur fired Roger D.
Hodge. ALEXANDRA ALTER
Bourbon and Whiskey Soar
At Home and Abroad
Combined United States revenues
for bourbon, Tennessee whiskey
and rye whiskey jumped 7.8 per-
cent to $2.9 billion in 2015, up $210
million from the previous year, ac-
cording to the Distilled Spirits
Council. Domestic volume rose 5.2
percent last year to 20.4 million
cases. “We’re living the dream,”
said Chris Morris, master distiller
at Brown-Forman, producer of
Jack Daniel’s, Woodford Reserve
and Old Forester. Bourbon and
Tennessee whiskey revenues and
volumes outpaced the overall dis-
tilled spirits sector, the council
said in its annual report, and ex-
ports topped $1 billion for the third
straight year despite a strong dol-
lar. Over all, American spirits ex-
ports have more than doubled in
the last decade, to a projected
$1.56 billion last year from $743
million in 2005. (AP)
TUESDAY,
IN BILLIONS
Apple
$523.9
Alphabet/Google
$531.0
Exxon Mobil
$310.5
’14 ’15 ’16
THE NEW YORK TIMES
value, overtaking Apple.
The dollar fell to 119.97 yen
from 120.99 yen. The euro rose to
$1.0912 from $1.0893.
In other energy trading, heat-
ing oil fell 2.6 cents to $1.011 a gal-
lon, wholesale gasoline fell 8.2
cents to $1.001 a gallon, and natu-
ral gas fell to 12.7 cents, or 6 per-
cent, to $2.025 per thousand cubic
feet.
a few hours to review the food
safety changes it has made and
discuss them with employees.
The company has become a
lightning rod for its in-your-face
advertising and marketing crit-
ical of commercial food opera-
tions and for its decision to end
the use of ingredients from ge-
netically engineered sources.
(Drinks it sells may still contain
genetically engineered ingredi-
Printed and distributed by PressReader
+1 604 278 4604 • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY •
CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
ents, and its meat may come
from animals fed genetically al-
tered grains.)
The biotech lobby has tried to
pin the company’s problems on
its use of fresh, locally sourced in-
gredients, but food safety experts
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
and federal officials argue that
many restaurants today make
food from the same kind of ingre-
dients.
Despite all its well-publicized
woes, Chipotle managed to in-
crease sales in 2015 to $4.5 billion
from $4.1 billion in the prior year.
Net income for the year rose 10.6
percent to $475.6 million, or $15.30
a share, compared with $445.3
million, or $14.35 a share, in 2014.

After 14 Years at Odds, Argentina Aims to Settle Debt With Hedge Funds
By ALEXANDRA STEVENSON
After a bitter face-off for more
than a decade between Argentina
and a group of disgruntled New
York hedge funds, both sides
have come to the negotiating ta-
ble with fresh hopes of a resolu-
tion.
But the dispute, which has left
Argentina largely cut off from in-
ternational markets, still prom-
ised a few twists as a new round
of talks took place this week in
Manhattan.
On Tuesday, Argentina struck
a deal to pay $1.35 billion to a
group of Italian investors whose
bonds the country defaulted on in
2001, according to news reports.
The deal is the first settlement
with so-called holdout creditors
who have not participated in ear-
lier restructurings over debt
Jonathan Gilbert contributed re-
porting.
A Warning on Bankruptcy
In Puerto Rico’s Debt Crisis
Detroit’s Struggle Cited as Cautionary Tale
By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH
WASHINGTON — Puerto Ri-
co’s financial troubles are so
complex and far-reaching that
bankruptcy alone will not solve
them, and might even make them
worse, experts on financial dis-
tress told lawmakers in Washing-
ton on Tuesday.
Instead, they recommended
appointment of a federal control
board, saying it would have a bet-
ter chance of resolving Puerto Ri-
co’s debt in the short term and
preventing the island from falling
into debt again in the future.
As evidence, witnesses pointed
to Detroit’s recent experience
with municipal bankruptcy, the
largest so far in American histo-
ry. Bankruptcy proceedings
helped Detroit reduce its debts,
they said, but did not leave the
city with a recovery plan.
A federal control
board is seen as the
key to cleaning up
$72 billion in debt.
The impairment in value of De-
troit’s bonds was so severe that it
damped investors’ appetite for
municipal bonds over all — not
just Detroit’s but other cities’ too.
By contrast, some pointed to
the financial crisis that gripped
Washington in the late 1990s. The
district never went bankrupt but
was placed under supervision of
a financial control board and now
enjoys a double-A bond rating.
“In my view, the time is now
for Congress to create an author-
ity that would have as its goals
both achieving financial stability
and a balanced budget for the is-
land,” said Anthony A. Williams,
who served as Washington’s
chief financial officer during the
period of federal supervision.
Senators Demand Much Broader Recall of Defective Takata Airbags After a Recent Death
By HIROKO TABUCHI
With millions of cars contain-
ing potentially defective airbags
made by Takata still on the road,
two senators on Tuesday urged
the Obama administration to sig-
nificantly expand the airbag re-
calls.
Richard Blumenthal of Con-
necticut and Edward Markey of
Massachusetts, both Democrats,
called on the Obama administra-
tion in a letter to force the recall
of every Takata airbag that uses
a propellant that contains a com-
pound called ammonium nitrate,
which can degrade over time and
become unstable.
The letter follows the death of
Joel Knight, who was killed in De-
cember when the airbag in his
2006 Ford Ranger ruptured after
hitting a stray cow in South Caro-
lina, sending metal debris into his
throat. The airbag, on the driv-
er’s side, had not been recalled
until last month. Ten deaths and
more than 100 injuries have been
linked to the defect.
Over the weekend, The New
York Times reported the circum-
stances surrounding Mr. Knight’s
death and risks posed by not yet
recalled and unrepaired vehicles
with Takata airbags.
To date, 14 automakers have
recalled 28 million airbag inflat-
ers — the metal casing that con-
tains the propellant — in about 24
million vehicles. But millions of
cars with potentially defective in-
flaters remain on the road. In to-
tal, Takata has shipped about 54
million inflaters to automakers in
the United States.
“We do not need to wait for yet
another preventable death to
happen in order to recall the re-
maining population of vehicles
from nearly 15 years ago. But Ar-
gentina has yet to come to an
agreement with the New York
hedge funds — holdouts led by
the billionaire Paul E. Singer’s El-
liott Management.
A stalemate involving the cred-
itors and Argentina’s last presi-
dent, Cristina Fernández de
Kirchner, led the country to de-
fault on its debt again in 2014. The
new administration of President
Mauricio Macri has indicated
that it wants to resolve the debt
as part of a bigger move to re-
form Argentina’s economy.
Luis Caputo, the newly ap-
pointed finance secretary, and
other senior government repre-
sentatives met this week with
principals at the hedge funds —
including Mr. Elliott’s NML Cap-
ital unit, Aurelius Capital, Mon-
treux Partners, Dart Manage-
ment and Davidson Kempner —
in Manhattan, according to a
court-appointed arbiter Daniel A.
He and others who testified be-
fore the House Subcommittee on
Indian, Insular and Alaska Na-
tive Affairs said a strong control
board could set the stage for an
eventual restructuring of all of
Puerto Rico’s $72 billion debt.
Puerto Rico officials have been
saying that they want to restruc-
ture the debt but do not expect to
be able to do so without the pro-
tection of Chapter 9, the bank-
ruptcy chapter used by insolvent
municipalities.
But some legal analysts now
say the Territorial Clause of the
United States Constitution gives
Congress authority to enact laws
that would give Puerto Rico the
ability to restructure without de-
claring bankruptcy.
Such a law has not yet been
drafted.
Tuesday’s hearing was one
step in that direction. The sub-
committee is one of the bodies
that the House speaker, Paul D.
Ryan, Republican of Wisconsin,
instructed to draft a suitable leg-
islative package for Puerto Rico
by the end of March.
The full House Natural Re-
sources Committee plans to hold
one more hearing first.
Even though such a measure
would give Puerto Rico new pow-
ers for dealing with its creditors,
Mr. Williams said he was sure it
would also draw complaints that
Congress was depriving Puerto
Rico’s citizens of self-determina-
tion. He said that was the initial
reaction when he took control of
Washington’s finances.
“Whatever negative hue and
cry is initially heard readily
erodes,” Mr. Williams said, “as
positive developments, achieved
by a neutral body, start taking
hold.”
The positive developments
would appear, he and other wit-
nesses said, if Puerto Rico took
its steps toward recovery in the
right order. That would mean
straightening out its own fiscal
containing ammonium nitrate-
propelled airbags,” the senators
wrote.
Mr. Blumenthal and Mr. Mar-
key also criticized the National
Highway Traffic Safety Adminis-
tration for not demonstrating
more urgency in forcing Takata
to prove that ammonium nitrate
is safe to use.
Although the agency has al-
ready barred Takata from using
ammonium nitrate in new air-
bags, it has given the supplier un-
til the end of 2018 to prove that it
is safe in existing airbags. And
the agency gave Takata even
longer, until the end of 2019, to
show that an altered version is
safe. Takata has said that am-
monium nitrate, when properly
treated, is safe.
If Takata cannot prove the
compound’s safety, all airbags
containing ammonium nitrate
could be recalled. But the time
granted to Takata, the senators
said, is part of “an outrageous
dereliction of duty” that the
agency has had over the years
with Takata.
A spokesman for the agency
could not immediately be
reached for comment. But the
agency has said that while un-
knowns remained surrounding
the cause of the defect, compli-
cating the recalls, if it “believes a
vehicle presents an unreasonable
risk to safety, the agency would
seek a recall.”
Mr. Blumenthal and Mr. Mar-
key did acknowledge that the
agency has recently stepped up
its enforcement against Takata.
In November, it imposed a $70
million penalty on Takata, a fine
that could grow by $130 million if
the supplier does not meet the
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Pollack. The group is seeking a
resolution for claims totaling
around $9 billion, he added.
In dispute is how much Ar-
gentina should pay in interest.
At a news conference in Bue-
nos Aires announcing the deal
with Italian bondholders, Argen-
tina’s economic minister, Alfonso
Prat-Gay, touched on the ques-
tion of interest payments. “We
have said that we will respect the
bond principal and that we are
going to be firm in negotiating
the interest, and in this particular
agreement we have achieved just
that.”
But, Mr. Prat-Gay added, “The
difficulty that we have right now
is that some bondholders want to
be paid an interest rate that, un-
der any type of judicial criteria, is
unacceptable.”
The battle between Argentina
and its holdout creditors stems
from 2001, when the country de-
faulted on billions of dollars in
A hat vendor roaming Condado Beach in San Juan, P.R. Experts on financial distress testified before a House panel on Tuesday.
affairs first, rebuilding business
confidence, improving tax collec-
tions, stemming the tide of resi-
dents leaving the island — and
only then restructuring its debts.
“The people who leave are the
people who pay taxes,” said Si-
mon Johnson, a professor of en-
trepreneurship at the M.I.T.
Sloan School of Management and
a former chief economist of the
International Monetary Fund. He
said the loss of population was a
critical problem because it left
the island’s debt burden on fewer
shoulders.
Another witness, Carlos Gar-
cia, a former chairman of Puerto
Rico’s Government Development
Bank, described the island’s pre-
vious experience with a control
board, one created by its own
legislature in 2009.
Mr. Garcia said the board
quickly found almost $4 billion in
debt that no one had noticed be-
The steering wheel in the 2006 Ford Ranger belonging to Joel Knight. He was killed in Decem-
ber when the vehicle’s Takata airbag ruptured after he ran into a stray cow in South Carolina.
terms of its agreement with the
agency. Takata separately faces a
criminal investigation by the Jus-
tice Department into its handling
of the defect.
Takata declined to comment on
the senators’ letter but has said
that it is “cooperating fully with
regulators and our automotive
customers and continues to sup-
port all actions that advance ve-
hicle safety.”
Also on Tuesday, an outside
panel hired by Takata urged the
company to improve its testing to
make sure its airbags stay safe
for more years and in different
debt. Argentina offered to ex-
change the bonds it defaulted on
for new bonds worth significantly
less, a move that holdouts re-
jected. NML Capital sued Argen-
tina seeking full repayment —
principal and interest — and a
A new leader tries to
repair relations with
the financial world.
Manhattan district court judge
ruled that whenever Argentina
paid one group of bondholders, it
would also have to pay the hold-
outs.
This ruling could complicate
Argentina’s deal with Italian
holdout creditors. As part of the
deal reported on Tuesday, Ar-
fore, slowed the growth of new
debt, lengthened maturities and
set up a program to cushion peo-
ple who lost their jobs. The main
problem with that board, he said,
was that it was created with just
a two-year mandate, which was
too short.
“What happened after the local
control board disappeared is
painfully known to all of us, as we
sit here today, trying to find con-
structive solutions for a re-en-
acted Puerto Rico crisis,” he said.
Puerto Rico has been strug-
gling to keep up with the pay-
ments on its $72 billion debt, de-
faulting on some of its bonds
while servicing others. But its
biggest payments since the crisis
began are due at the end of June,
and if it defaults on those, there is
talk of Congress having to create
another unpopular bailout mech-
anism like the Troubled Asset Re-
lief Program of 2008 that rescued
banks on the verge of failure dur-
climates.
The panel, led by Samuel Skin-
ner, a former secretary of the
Transportation Department, also
faulted the Japanese supplier for
its lack of a formal program in-
tended to identify quality-related
problems in airbags currently in
cars.
But the report did not address
issues that have embroiled the
supplier as the safety crisis over
its airbags has grown: Takata’s
manipulation of testing data, its
failure to alert regulators to prob-
lems and its disregard of outside
studies warning of possible safe-
gentina will pay 150 percent of
the original $900 million that the
Italian bondholders hold from Ar-
gentine debt issued more than a
decade ago. These details were
reported by Bloomberg and Reu-
ters, citing Task Force Argentina,
the representative for the bond-
holders.
There are other issues that
stand to complicate negotiations.
Mr. Caputo is expected to pub-
licly announce a proposal for the
New York hedge funds this week.
But these holdouts have request-
ed that Argentina sign a nondis-
closure agreement promising not
to discuss the negotiations pub-
licly.
Under President Macri, who
was sworn in as president in De-
cember, the government has al-
ready taken steps to reform the
economy, removing capital con-
trols on its currency, the peso. It
has also made efforts to rebuild
CHRISTOPHER GREGORY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
ing the subprime mortgage cri-
sis.
That is why members of Con-
gress and the Treasury Depart-
ment are trying to get a law on
the books in time to take Puerto
Rico through that date without
incident.
Thomas Moers Mayer, a bank-
ruptcy lawyer representing
bondholders, said that Chapter 9
municipal bankruptcy would not
help Puerto Rico, even if the is-
land were allowed to use it, be-
cause it would limit restructuring
to the debt of Puerto Rico’s public
corporations. That would do
nothing to help the government
balance its own budget, he said.
Mr. Mayer testified about the
effect of Chapter 9 bankruptcy in
Detroit, saying that it had given
that city’s emergency manager a
way to reduce debt, but not a way
to bring about an economic re-
covery or streamline its govern-
ty issues.
These issues were outside the
purview of the panel, the study’s
authors said.
The report, commissioned by
the supplier last year, also did not
address whether ammonium ni-
trate is safe to use in airbags.
“The panel did not attempt to
assess past practices or evaluate
Takata products in the automo-
bile fleet. It did not attempt to
evaluate the design of any Takata
product,” the report said. “The
panel did not analyze any specific
product failure or reported qual-
ity incident. The panel did not
N B3
relationships with the financial
community. Representatives
from Argentina held meetings
with members of the Internation-
al Monetary Fund during the
World Economic Forum in Da-
vos, Switzerland, seeking to reset
frayed relations under Ms. Fer-
nández de Kirchner.
“I want to insist that after so
many years of conflict, we are
ready to reach a settlement
agreement in fair conditions,” Mr.
Macri said at a news conference
during the forum in Davos on
Jan. 22.
The negotiations between Ar-
gentina and its creditors are be-
ing watched closely by the in-
vestment world. On Tuesday, an-
other New York hedge fund,
Gramercy, filed a $1.3 billion
claim against Peru over what
Gramercy claimed is that gov-
ernment’s refusal to properly re-
pay defaulted debt.
ment operations.
“The city exited Chapter 9 with
the same 28 government agen-
cies it had when it entered bank-
ruptcy,” said Mr. Mayer, a part-
ner with the firm of Kramer Lev-
in Naftalis & Frankel. “Note that
Puerto Rico has at least 120 gov-
ernment agencies, and 78 munici-
palities for an island with 3.5 mil-
lion people.”
Reducing debt even worked
against Detroit in some ways, Mr.
Mayer said. Investors took signif-
icant losses and have not been
eager to invest there ever since.
“Even now, over a year after
Detroit emerged from bankrupt-
cy, Detroit has no access to the
low-cost ordinary municipal mar-
ket,” he said. When Detroit must
borrow, it does so with the help of
the State of Michigan. The unse-
cured notes that it issued as part
of its bankruptcy settlement
“trade at around 23 cents on the
dollar,” Mr. Mayer said.
form any conclusions regarding
the root cause of Takata’s current
inflater ruptures.”
The report added: “No link be-
tween the gaps in quality pro-
cesses identified by the panel and
the failure of products covered by
Takata’s current recall campaign
should be inferred.”
And it said: “Over all, the panel
was generally satisfied with
Takata’s North American manu-
facturing operation, much of
which is state of the art.”
Despite its limited scope, the
report did appear to discuss de-
sign and quality control shortfalls
at Takata, even as it refused to
link them to the past ruptures.
The report said that Takata
needed to develop more rigid air-
bag tests that took into account
the fact that cars “now often re-
main on our nation’s roads for
more than a decade and find
themselves in multiple states
with widely different climate con-
ditions and operating environ-
ments during their lifetimes.”
The report also urged Takata
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to put in place rules for deciding
when to seek expert advice, and
how to evaluate and act on the
feedback it received. Takata pre-
viously dismissed conclusions
reached by researchers at Penn-
sylvania State University that
cast doubt on ammonium ni-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
trate’s performance.
The report expressed concerns
over some critical manufacturing
processes, which are carried out
manually, allowing for human er-
ror and inconsistent practices
within and across its factories. It
also said that Takata too often al-
lowed product designs to move
forward even when issues re-
mained with those designs.
B4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
RECENT SALE
CAITLIN OCHS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
$5.35 million
The Ice House
22-26 Ericsson Place (between Hud-
son and Varick Streets)
Manhattan
An investor has bought a 3,369-
square-foot ground floor commercial
condominium, which offers a cap rate
of 4.5 percent and is adjacent to an-
other space the buyer already owns in
this 10-story mixed-use building in the
TriBeCa West Historic District. TriBeCa
Community School, which occupies
both spaces, recently signed a new 10-
year lease. The 1905 building was orig-
inally the Merchants’ Refrigerating
Company’s large cold-storage ware-
house.
BUYER: 22 Ericsson Owner L.L.C.
SELLER: L & J Ericsson L.L.C.
BROKERS: Helen Putterman and Ric Kai-
ser, Cohen Real Estate
RECENT LEASE
$55/square foot
$139,425 approximate annual rent
110 West 40th Street (between Broad-
way and Avenue of the Americas)
Manhattan
A provider of business and technology
services has taken a two-year 11-
month lease for 2,535 square feet of
office space in this 26-story building
near Bryant Park. The building features
a new lobby and renovated elevators.
TENANT: Lux Fund Technology & Solu-
tions L.L.C.
LANDLORD: One Ten West Fortieth Asso-
ciates
BROKERS: David Levy and Brett Maslin,
Adams & Company
FOR SALE
$14 million
78-92 Kingsland Avenue (between
Richardson and Frost Streets)
East Williamsburg, Brooklyn
This fully occupied three-story mixed-
use building, with about 41,374 square
feet, has frontage on Kingsland Avenue
as well as Richardson and Frost
Streets. The building, which has a load-
ing dock on Frost Street with a ramp
leading to the basement, features of-
fice and light-manufacturing spaces on
the ground floor. The top two floors
feature two free-market apartments,
each 1,767 square feet.
OWNER: Epner Technology
BROKERS: Jakub Nowak and Jim
McGuckin, Marcus & Millichap
ROSALIE R. RADOMSKY
email: realprop@nytimes.com
Q. What are your main responsibilities
at ABS, and how do they differ from
those of Earle S. Altman, the chairman?
A. My primary duties are to oversee the
portfolio of properties that ABS is re-
sponsible for managing and leasing and
to oversee new acquisitions — organ-
izing partnerships for the purpose of
owning real estate. That’s a very active
part of our business.
Q. How active is Mr. Altman in the busi-
ness these days?
A. Earle is still actively involved with
the company. He gets a great thrill out
of making a real estate deal, and I don’t
think Earle will ever stop working.
Earle is more involved at a strategic
level, sharing ideas. He’s always been a
great ideas person.
Q. Is he your mentor?
A. He’ll always be. We had a great con-
nection and relationship from the day
we met at Helmsley.
Q. What kind of work did you do at
Helmsley?
A. In those days at Helmsley, they gave
you a desk and a phone and they said,
“Figure out how to make money.” And
so I started out leasing and managing
property. There was a philosophy at
Helmsley, where Harry Helmsley’s idea
was that the people in the firm should
participate in the ownership of real es-
tate, and by doing so, they would be bet-
ter, more capable real estate profession-
als. And so my focus from the very be-
ginning was to work in management
and leasing, but at the same time try to
figure out how I could possibly partici-
pate in the ownership of buildings.
Q. What was it like working for Harry
Helmsley?
A. Harry was starting to phase out
when I was working at the company,
b t i ith H th t
A $3.5 Billion Resort, Incomplete and Empty
By JENNIFER JETT
NASSAU, the Bahamas — Trei Bethel
had been looking for work in the Baha-
mas for about a year when he finally got
a break: a coveted spot in a program
that trained young Bahamians to work
at Baha Mar, a $3.5 billion mega-resort
nearing completion on Nassau’s white-
sand Cable Beach.
There, he said, he learned about fine
wine and the choreography of five-star
service. He saw the resort as a place of
opportunity and stability in a difficult
economy.
“They really put so much effort into
the growth and development of us as
young people,” said Mr. Bethel, now 20,
who became a concierge at one of the re-
sort’s four hotels.
But in October, Mr. Bethel lost his job
along with 2,000 others, the casualties of
a dispute between the resort’s developer
and his Chinese partners that led to
bankruptcy court. The falling-out has
left Baha Mar at a standstill, fenced off
at the end of a road that bears its name,
more than a year after its original open-
ing date.
Baha Mar’s uncertain future points to
the challenges China faces as it finances
and builds large-scale construction
projects overseas amid language and
cultural barriers, lack of regulation and
allegations of graft.
“The more problems there are and, in
a way, the more media attention these
problems attract, they erode positive at-
titudes toward Chinese presence in the
region,” said Ariel C. Armony, director of
the University Center for International
Studies at the University of Pittsburgh,
who has researched the perception of
Chinese investment in the Americas.
After losing its American backer dur-
ing the financial crisis, Baha Mar was
revived in 2009 by China Construction
America, a Jersey City-based subsidiary
of a Chinese state-owned construction
company, the China State Construction
Engineering Corporation. The company
facilitated a $2.5 billion loan from the
Export-Import Bank of China, a state-
owned lender with which it has close
ties, and invested $150 million for its
own equity stake. In exchange, China
Construction America would serve as
the resort’s contractor, using Chinese
workers.
The rest of the financing came from
Sarkis Izmirlian, the Swiss-born devel-
oper who conceived Baha Mar and in-
vested $850 million.
Since his project filed for bankruptcy
last summer, there has been finger-
pointing from all sides. But there is
broad agreement on two points: Baha
Mar is spectacular, and there is plenty of
blame to go around for its failure to
open.
Critics say the resort was overly am-
bitious from the start and should have
been built in phases. It combines four
luxury hotels, the largest casino in the
Caribbean region, a championship golf
course, a 200,000-square-foot convention
center and what is billed as the world’s
largest collection of Bahamian art. The
hotel chains Hyatt, Rosewood and SLS
had signed on as partners.
The Bahamas welcomed the invest-
ment, even moving the prime minister’s
residence to provide a prime location for
the resort.
But Baha Mar executives say that
problems became evident when China
Construction America, or C.C.A., missed
several construction deadlines, includ-
ing a second attempted opening in
March for which the hotels had already
started taking reservations. The compa-
ny then walked away from the job, offi-
cials say, leaving the resort staffed to
Jennifer Jett reported from Nassau and
Hong Kong. Patrick Boehler contributed
reporting from Hong Kong.
very direct and to the point, never want-
ed to waste a lot of time with the minuti-
ae.
Q. So how is business at ABS?
A. Since we started the company, ABS
has been growing at a rate of about 10
percent a year — in terms of the num-
ber of people that are part of our team,
the properties that we manage and con-
trol and the square feet that are in-
volved in that, the clients that we have,
and the number of investors. So we’re
growing in many, many ways.
Q. How large is your current portfolio?
A. In terms of square footage, we serve
as asset manager and/or manager for in
excess of 10 million square feet of space.
Through our office in Manhattan, we
have approximately 70 partnerships or
titi f hi h th
SQUARE FEET
run hotels that were not finished.
In a statement in July, it called the de-
veloper’s accusations “misleading and
dishonest,” saying Baha Mar’s “failure
to secure adequate financing and its
mismanagement” led to construction
delays. The company did not respond to
requests for further comment.
The Export-Import Bank of China did
not respond to a list of faxed questions.
Unable to maintain the upkeep of a
dormant mega-resort, Mr. Izmirlian
filed for bankruptcy in Delaware in
June. He declined to be interviewed for
this article.
The United States case was dismissed
in September because the Bahamian
government refused to recognize it. The
top court in the Bahamas, which has no
bankruptcy law of its own, appointed
provisional liquidators. After months of
fruitless negotiations, the Export-Im-
port Bank of China put the resort into
receivership in November.
Since then the resort has received a
$50 million loan from another Chinese
state-owned company, the China Har-
bor Engineering Company, to help
maintain the resort. Prime Minister
Perry Christie of the Bahamas has said
there are several potential buyers from
China.
For C.C.A., which celebrated its 30th
anniversary last fall, Baha Mar was an
opportunity to show what it could do as
it tries to expand into Latin America
and the Caribbean.
In court filings, Baha Mar officials
THE 30-MINUTE INTERVIEW
GREGG L. SCHENKER
EARL WILSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
We have a portfolio of properties in
Midtown South — office buildings, al-
though we’re involved with residential
properties as well. One of the larger
properties is 200 Park Avenue South,
which is our headquarters in New York
City.
We’re also involved in residential de-
velopment — rentals — and we’re in-
volved in hotels, properties outside of
New York City, in the boroughs, in
Brooklyn, in Queens, in Philadelphia,
Washington, D.C. North Carolina was
our most recent acquisition.
Q. How much of your portfolio is in the
New York area?
A. About 80 percent.
Q. What kinds of rental rates are you get-
ting per square foot?
A It’ b d b t $45 f
JASON HENRY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
say C.C.A. failed to maintain adequate
staffing, provide proper schedules or
follow through on a promise to bring in
partners with the experience needed to
build such a complex project.
“China State Construction never allo-
cated the resources that were neces-
sary to meet the deadlines of this
project,” Stephen Wrinkle, former presi-
dent of the Bahamian Contractors’ As-
sociation, said in a phone interview, us-
ing the name of C.C.A.’s parent compa-
ny. “From Day 1 they never put the
China faces challenges as
it goes on a building
spree overseas.
manpower, they never put the manage-
ment, they never put the materials on
site to finish on time.”
In court filings, C.C.A. countered that
the developer had mismanaged the
project, requesting multiple design
changes that created cost overruns.
As evidence of poor construction
quality, Baha Mar officials have cited an
email from a Chinese subcontractor that
appeared to have been accidentally
shared with them. In it, he admonished
two of his staff for using cheap material.
Mr. Schenker, 49, is the presi-
dent and a managing partner of
ABS Partners Real Estate, a
New York-based brokerage,
management and consulting
firm that also invests in com-
mercial property, mainly office
buildings. Mr. Schenker helped
start ABS in 1999, along with
Earle S. Altman, the chairman,
whom he met while working at
Helmsley Spear in his first job
out of college.
Interview conducted and con-
densed by
VIVIAN MARINO
side.
Q. How many projects are you working
on right now?
A. At the moment, approximately six
buildings that are ground-up construc-
tion.
Q. Let’s talk about some of them.
A. Sure. So with the Hudson Companies,
with David Kramer, we’re building a
number of projects right now. We re-
cently started renting a building that we
just completed at 22 Caton Place in
Brooklyn. It has approximately 73 units.
There’s another project at 626 Flat-
bush Avenue — it has topped out and
the construction’s being completed.
Flatbush Avenue has approximately 254
units.
They just started foundation work on
t Thi d d B St t i Willi b th
JENNIFER JETT/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Installing palm trees, above,
along the beach in April 2015
before work stopped at the
Baha Mar resort in Nassau, the
Bahamas. At left, workers dur-
ing the construction of the Baha
Mar in February 2012.
“What’s wrong with you two! You
can’t fake things in such an obvious
way!” he wrote in Chinese, according to
court records. “You’re going to get
yourselves in trouble! If you want to do
this, you must be careful!”
In an affidavit, the subcontractor said
that the English translation of his email
did not convey his intent and that “there
is a conflict between American and Chi-
nese culture and expressions.”
As the project went on, more sub-
contractors from the Bahamas, the
United States and elsewhere were
brought in to speed the process, said
Dionisio D’Aguilar, who was a director
at Baha Mar until the entire board re-
signed in November, including Mr. Iz-
mirlian. The bankruptcy plan Baha Mar
submitted called for C.C.A. to be re-
moved from the project entirely.
“I have to believe that in the end the
goings-on at Baha Mar have embar-
rassed them,” Mr. D’Aguilar said of
C.C.A.
The delays are an economic blow to
the Bahamas, which expected the resort
to generate a payroll equivalent to 12
percent of its gross domestic product.
Bahamians who had returned home to
join Baha Mar after working or study-
ing overseas are now leaving again.
Locals had started or expanded small
businesses in anticipation of the resort’s
opening, “and those people are also left
hung out to dry,” Mr. Wrinkle said. Ba-
hamian contractors are owed an esti-
mated $74 million by the resort.
Even if work at Baha Mar resumes, it
could be another year or more before it
opens. Rosewood has moved to termi-
nate its license agreement with Baha
Mar; SLS did not respond to requests
for comment. Hyatt said it remained
committed to the project.
Mr. Bethel, the concierge, is holding
out hope that he can return to Baha Mar
once it opens and put what he learned
into practice.
“I have unfinished business there in
terms of my career and where I want to
get in life,” he said.
about 15,250 square feet of retail.
We’re also involved with the Cornell
project, the residential aspect, the dor-
mitory in partnership with Cornell and
the Hudson Companies on Roosevelt Is-
land. The foundations are going in and
the building will start to go up.
And we’re involved in a joint venture
on Purves Street in Long Island City,
with the Brause and Picket families and
the Gotham Organization. It’s being
built almost to a condominium stand-
ard, but it will be rental housing. It’s 270
rental units, currently poured to the
eighth floor.
Q. Were you always interested in real es-
tate?
A. I became interested when I worked
on a construction job in Fort Greene,
Brooklyn, in between semesters and
summers at college. I was the assistant
to the foreman, and I learned how to lay
bricks, put in floor joists.
Q. Your bio says that you like famous
quotes with meaningful life lessons.
What’s your favorite one?
A. I think it would have to be Teddy
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Roosevelt, “The Man in the Arena”:
It is not the critic who counts; not the
man who points out how the strong man
stumbles, or where the doer of deeds
could have done them better. The credit
belongs to the man who is actually in
the arena, whose face is marred by dust
and sweat and blood; who strives val-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
iantly; who errs, who comes short again
and again, because there is no effort
without error and shortcoming; but
who does actually strive to do the
deeds; who knows great enthusiasms,
the great devotions; who spends him-
self in a worthy cause; who at the best
knows in the end the triumph of high
achievement, and who at the worst, if he
fails, at least fails while daring greatly,
so that his place shall never be with
ld d ti id l h ith

Star Lawyer’s Dual Roles at Theranos Set Up Conflict
By STEVEN DAVIDOFF SOLOMON
Theranos is in trouble, and
David Boies, a star lawyer, has
placed himself at the heart of it,
a decision that he may come to
rue.
Theranos, a
blood-testing
start-up founded
DEAL by Elizabeth
PROFESSOR Holmes when she
was 19, is fighting
for its survival. After reports in
The Wall Street Journal raised
questions about the company’s
technology, Theranos has been
in a tailspin.
The company’s methodology
and science are in doubt, a fed-
eral regulator found that one lab
had violated several clinical
standards and the drugstore
chain Walgreens has suspended
tests at a Theranos lab in Cali-
fornia.
Theranos is fighting back,
claiming that its technology is
valid and asserting that the
facts will prevail as its technol-
ogy is scientifically tested.
At the center of the compa-
ny’s defense is Mr. Boies, a
founder and the chairman of
Boies Schiller & Flexner.
Mr. Boies is known as one of
the smartest and shrewdest liti-
gators in the country. He repre-
sented Al Gore in the 2000 presi-
dential dispute, he litigated the
Microsoft antitrust case for the
federal government, and he is
representing Maurice R. Green-
berg, the former chief executive
of the American International
Group, in his suit against the
government.
In the wake of the questions
being asked about Theranos,
the company hired Mr. Boies.
He had represented Theranos
before and his firm’s ties with
the company ran deep. The gen-
eral counsel of Theranos is a
former Boies Schiller partner.
That Mr. Boies is represent-
ing an embattled client is noth-
ing new. But this time, the law-
yer has raised the ante by be-
coming a director of Theranos.
Let’s stop here and note that
this has the potential to blow up.
Mr. Boies is taking on two dif-
ferent roles at Theranos. A law-
yer represents a client — here
Theranos — while a director,
even at a privately held compa-
ny like Theranos, represents
the company’s investors.
Steven Davidoff Solomon is a pro-
fessor of law at the University of
California, Berkeley. His columns
can be found at nytimes.com/
dealbook. Follow @stevendavi-
doff on Twitter.
UBS Posts 11% Profit Gain,
But It Issues a Warning
On Market’s Headwinds
By CHAD BRAY
LONDON — The Swiss bank
UBS said Tuesday that its profit
rose 11 percent in the fourth quar-
ter, bolstered primarily by a tax
benefit, as uncertainty in the
markets weighed on the results
of its wealth management and in-
vestment banking businesses.
The bank, based in Zurich, re-
ported a profit of 949 million
Swiss francs, or about $929 mil-
lion, for the three months that
ended Dec. 31. That is an increase
from 858 million francs in the pe-
riod a year earlier.
UBS said the period was “char-
acterized by very low levels of cli-
ent activity and pronounced risk
aversion” by its customers.
The fourth quarter included a
tax-related gain of 715 million
francs, alongside 365 million
francs in charges for litigation
and regulatory matters and a 257
million francs charge to repur-
chase debt.
Net Income Slides at Lazard, a Bellwether for Deal Activity
By LESLIE PICKER
Lazard on Tuesday reported a
29 percent decline in adjusted net
income in the fourth quarter as
market volatility hampered its as-
set-management business, while
fewer deals closed, which affect-
ed the firm’s advisory revenue.
The firm worked on six of the
largest transactions of 2015, yet
only one of them, Heinz’s combi-
nation with Kraft Foods, has
closed, with the rest still pending.
Investment banks typically gen-
erate most of their fee revenue
from a deal once it has been com-
pleted.
Lazard’s adjusted net income
slumped 29 percent, to $123 mil-
lion, in the fourth quarter from
the quarter a year ago. Adjusted
Depending on what unfolds at
Theranos, Mr. Boies may be put
in a position where he either has
to protect the company (as its
lawyer) or the shareholders (as
a director).
I asked one of my colleagues,
Jo-Ellen Pozner, a professor at
the Haas School of Business at
the University of California,
Berkeley, who specializes in
business ethics, about this poten-
tial conflict. She was skeptical of
Mr. Boies’s dual role.
“I have a hard time believing
that an experienced litigator can
adequately represent investors
— one of the primary responsi-
bilities of a director — while be-
ing attentive to potential legal
strategies, which might cause
him to privilege the interests of
management,” she told me. “It
just seems a difficult line to
walk.”
No doubt Theranos waived the
conflict in lots of documented
forms. And the American Bar As-
sociation does allow this type of
dual role. But just because a con-
flict is allowed doesn’t mean it
will not lead to problems.
“Despite a very challenging
environment, we had an excel-
lent year, both in terms of share-
holder returns and strengthened
client relationships,” Sergio P.
Ermotti, the UBS chief executive,
said in a news release. “Going
forward, we will continue with
the disciplined execution of our
strategy while investing for prof-
itable and sustainable growth.”
UBS warned the underlying
macroeconomic challenges and
geopolitical risks that have
weighed on the markets recently
are “unlikely to be resolved in the
foreseeable future.”
“Negative market perform-
ance and substantial market vol-
atility since the start of 2016, low
interest rates, and the relative
strength of the Swiss franc, par-
ticularly against the euro, contin-
ue to present headwinds,” UBS
said.
In the fourth quarter, operating
income rose slightly to 6.78 billion
francs, from 6.75 billion francs in
operating revenue from the fi-
nancial advisory side of the busi-
ness declined 8 percent, to $331
million, the company announced
on Tuesday.
As the largest of the independ-
ent investment banks, Lazard is
known as a bellwether for deal
activity as a whole. The company
was tapped to advise on some of
the enormous deals that made
2015 the biggest year ever in
terms of transaction volume, with
$4.7 trillion in deals consummat-
ed, according to Thomson Reu-
ters data.
Lazard worked on some of the
hallmark ones, including Dow
Chemical’s merger with DuPont,
Anheuser-Busch InBev’s acquisi-
tion of SABMiller and Dell’s ac-
quisition of EMC, which could
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
If the technology of Theranos
turns out to be not what it claims,
investors would almost certainly
seek to sue the chief executive,
Ms. Holmes, and the company,
as well as the board that allowed
this to happen.
This gets complicated for Mr.
Boies, because Theranos is a cor-
porate governance disaster.
Ms. Holmes controls the com-
pany, and she solidified that con-
trol in 2013 by arranging for the
company to adopt a high-vote
stock structure that gave her
most of the votes. This is a prob-
lem because the company is es-
sentially Ms. Holmes, although it
has raised hundreds of millions
of dollars from outside investors.
She founded it, had the idea and
has led the technology. If the
technology is shown to be
flawed, she may not be quick to
admit that to the benefit of the
remaining shareholders.
Mr. Boies, of course, is no ex-
pert in blood testing technology.
But in evaluating the firm’s tech-
nology, he will get little to no help
from his fellow board members.
Before the first Journal article
Sergio Ermotti, center, the chief executive of UBS, with top bank executives on Tuesday in Zu-
rich. “Despite a very challenging environment, we had an excellent year,” he said.
the same period a year earlier.
Operating expenses increased to
6.54 billion francs, from 6.34 bil-
lion francs in the fourth quarter
contribute to the firm’s revenue
in 2016.
“It’s the best market position I
can remember Lazard having,”
Kenneth M. Jacobs, who has
worked at Lazard for 28 years
and now serves as chief execu-
tive, said in a phone interview.
“All in all, we’re pretty happy
with the advisory business of last
year, even with the downtick.”
On the asset management side,
revenue slumped 8 percent, to
$261 million, in the fourth quarter.
Lazard’s average assets under
management in the quarter was
$188 billion, or 4 percent below
the equivalent metric during the
same period in 2014.
“On the asset side, it’s just
math,” Mr. Jacobs said. “Markets
were off pretty significantly from
HARRY CAMPBELL
appeared, the board of Theranos
had no outside scientific experi-
ence. It consisted mainly of
statesmen, including two former
senators and even Henry Kissin-
ger. Most of these board mem-
bers have now been demoted to
advisers.
The Theranos board is now
A job protecting the
company or its
shareholders.
five people, including Ms.
Holmes and the company’s chief
operating officer. None of the
rest have scientific experience.
Two other directors are a retired
Marine Corps general and the
chief executive of Bechtel, the
construction company. Then
there is Mr. Boies.
This is, frankly, a weak board
and another potential land mine
of 2014.
Net interest income, the meas-
ure of what a bank earns on its
lending after deducting what it
where they were in 2014.”
For the full year, Lazard re-
ported operating revenue of $2.38
billion, a record amount. During
the fourth quarter, the firm post-
ed $598 million in operating reve-
nue, which surpassed analysts’
estimates of $574.9 million, ac-
cording to Thomson Reuters.
Even though the fourth quarter
showed steep declines in adjust-
ed net income, for the full year,
Lazard generated $480 million,
up 12 percent from 2014.
“This is a business which has
existed over many cycles, many
types of market environments,
and the key thing here is to slow-
ly and steadily improve every-
thing you do,” Mr. Jacobs said.
“We just continue to make a
steady level of improvements.”
for Mr. Boies, as the weakness
of the board does not lessen the
fiduciary duty he has to all The-
ranos shareholders.
The potential for conflict is
particularly great. What if Ms.
Holmes resists changes that
would be in the interest of
shareholders? What if the board
decides that it is time for her to
go — and she stands her
ground?
The board could do little more
than throw up its collective
hands under the current gov-
ernance structure.
Mr. Boies, and the other out-
side directors, could resign in
protest. But why would anyone,
particularly Mr. Boies, be a di-
rector on a board that lacked
the power to make fundamental
changes?
Indeed, what is Mr. Boies
thinking? He may be paid lots of
money for his roles, but for
someone so successful and sav-
vy to put himself in a position
that is bound to be problematic
is puzzling.
A request for comment to
Boies Schiller was referred to a
representative who declined to
comment. Theranos did not im-
mediately respond to a request
for a comment.
There is also a lesson for
those venture capitalists who
invested in Theranos.
The recent bubbly years
when unicorns — start-up com-
panies valued at $1 billion or
more — seemed to emerge al-
most daily led venture capital-
ists to agree to governance
structures that placed all power
with the founder. After all, this
is a structure that worked for
Facebook.
But Theranos is no Facebook.
That Theranos had no real
board in place and took repeat-
ed steps to place all power with
Ms. Holmes may not have been
a problem when Theranos was a
start-up darling. But now, The-
ranos has fallen and will have to
prove itself. Governance mat-
ters most in crisis times, and
Theranos lacks it, to the chagrin
of its investors. Even Mark
Zuckerberg put together a real
board and hired Sheryl Sand-
berg as a check.
One has to wish Mr. Boies
luck. If Theranos turns wildly
successful, then there will be no
problem. But if its troubles con-
tinue, he will have to do some-
thing he is less experienced at
— be a director and corporate
leader. The question will be
whether the litigator in him will
prevent that.
ENNIO LEANZA/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
pays out on deposits and other li-
abilities, declined to 1.76 billion
francs in the quarter, from 1.87
billion francs in the same period a
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DealBook Online
BLENDING REALITIES Magic
Leap, a secretive augmented re-
ality start-up based in Dania
Beach, Fla., announced that it had
raised a $793 million round of ven-
ture financing, valuing the com-
pany at $3.7 billion, excluding the
new funds. The round comes dur-
ing a race to discover and create
the next breakout platform for
consumers, which many of the
world’s largest tech companies
think will be some form of virtual
reality. Magic Leap has drawn at-
tention for the prominent invest-
ors it has attracted — Google, Fi-
delity Investments and Warner
Brothers, among others. The
most recent round was led by Ali-
baba, the large Chinese e-com-
merce company. Magic Leap has
raised more than $1 billion in
funding to date. MIKE ISAAC
EXPANSION PLAN J Sainsbury,
one of Britain’s largest grocery
store chains, said that it had
agreed on the terms of a bid to
buy the Home Retail Group in a
deal that would value the ac-
quired company at 1.3 billion
pounds, or about $1.9 billion. The
transaction, if completed, would
expand Sainsbury’s online busi-
ness and make the company less
reliant on food sales. Home Retail
is the owner of Argos, which sells
electronics, housewares and oth-
er products. Like many of its Brit-
ish peers, Sainsbury has faced
pressure to cut prices as the Ger-
man discount grocers Aldi and
Lidl have cut into their market
shares. The deal would give
Sainsbury a much larger foot-
print, by adding 840 Argos stores
in Britain and Ireland to its more
than 1,200 stores in Britain.
CHAD BRAY
GOING PRIVATE The Swedish pri-
vate equity firm EQT Partners
said that it had agreed to acquire
the tourism company Kuoni
Group in a deal that would take
the Swiss firm private. Under the
terms of the deal, which valued
Kuoni at 1.39 billion Swiss francs,
or about $1.36 billion, EQT said it
had offered 370 francs a share, a
21 percent premium on the clos-
ing price on Monday. The offer is
subject to acceptance by more
than 50 percent of Kuoni’s share-
holders, including shares held by
the Kuoni and Hugentobler Foun-
dation. The offer also is subject to
regulatory approval. Kuoni acts
as a distributor of accommoda-
tion and services to travel provid-
ers. CHAD BRAY
nytimes.com/dealbook
A tax gain is a
cushion during a
volatile spell.
year earlier.
In recent years, UBS has
shrunk its investment bank and
shifted its focus to wealth man-
agement, an area it sees as more
consistently profitable, but
which was hit hard by turbulence
in the markets in the fourth quar-
ter.
In the wealth management di-
vision, UBS said pretax profit de-
clined to 344 million francs in the
period, from 646 million francs in
the fourth quarter of 2014.
UBS said that its wealth man-
agement business saw 3.4 billion
francs in net new money out-
flows in the fourth quarter.
The wealth management busi-
ness in the Americas, which is
operated separately, reported a
pretax profit of $13 million in the
fourth quarter, from $217 million
in the same period a year earlier.
UBS’s investment bank posted
a pretax profit of 80 million
francs in the period, from 217 mil-
lion francs in the fourth quarter
of 2014.
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B6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Appetite for S.U.V.s Offers Upside in Slower Month for Auto Sales Hellmann’s
By BILL VLASIC
DETROIT — Sales of new vehi-
cles dropped in the United States
in January from a year ago, part-
ly because of the snowstorm that
shut down dealerships across the
East Coast.
Over all, the industry reported
selling about 1.15 million vehicles
during the month, a decline of 0.3
percent from January 2015, ac-
cording to the firm Autodata.
That was better than analysts ex-
pected, particularly because Jan-
uary had two fewer selling days
than last year because of a quirk
in the calendar.
The major auto manufacturers
reported mixed results as de-
mand continued to tilt more to-
ward sport utility vehicles and
pickups and away from tradition-
al passenger cars.
One of the poorest performers
was the German automaker
Volkswagen, which is mired in
crisis for cheating on diesel emis-
sions tests in the United States
and elsewhere. The company re-
ported a decline in sales of nearly
9 percent for its collection of
brands, including VW, Audi,
Bentley and Lamborghini.
Several of the major car com-
panies on Tuesday reiterated ear-
lier predictions that the industry
was likely to exceed last year’s
record annual sales of nearly 17.5
million. But analysts cautioned
that the market was still vul-
nerable to a downturn.
“The month’s performance
does not mean that 2016 is guar-
anteed to outdo the record sales
of this past year,” said Jack
Nerad, an analyst with the re-
search firm Kelley Blue Book.
Mr. Nerad said stagnant wages
in the United States and fluctua-
tions in the stock market could
have a negative impact on con-
sumer demand. Other analysts
said that any appreciable in-
crease in gas prices could slow
Nielsen Plays Catch-Up as Streaming Era Wreaks Havoc on Raters
From Page A1
ing Nielsen to evolve.
One of the latest public crit-
icisms was made last month,
when Linda Yaccarino, the ad
sales chief at NBCUniversal,
complained that Nielsen was fail-
ing to accurately measure TV
and account for all of the televi-
sion group’s audiences. “Imagine
you’re a quarterback, and every
time you threw a touchdown, it
was only worth four points in-
stead of six,” she said at the In-
ternational CES trade show.
The stakes are high. Some $70
billion in advertising dollars are
traded in the United States each
year based on Nielsen’s ratings,
and hundreds of television pro-
grams live or die based on that
viewership data.
Chief among the complaints
about Nielsen is that viewers
across the country like Mr.
Cheatham and his family are
streaming billions of hours of vid-
eo on outlets like Netflix, Amazon
and Hulu, but that their behavior
is not being captured in industry
ratings based on Nielsen data.
“The TV ratings system as we
know it is outdated,” said Tim
Nollen, a Macquarie analyst.
Nielsen executives promise
that they are paying attention
and are ready and able to track
the myriad ways people consume
media. They also underscore that
paper diaries are deployed to
measure viewing in local televi-
sion markets, which account for a
small part of the business, and
that panels with more sophisti-
cated electronic meters measure
national viewing.
“We’re not arrogant about the
landscape and about the needs of
marketers and media companies
and agencies to have better, more
comprehensive data,” said Steve
Hasker, Nielsen’s global presi-
dent chief operating officer.
“We’re much more focused on
meeting those needs and execut-
ing against our road map than we
are looking over our shoulder.”
For a long time, the only real
recourse television and ad execu-
tives had was to grumble. They
still relied on and paid for Nielsen
measurement because it was
their main option.
Now, new rivals seeking to
Amazon Is Said to Be Planning an Expansion Into Retail Bookstores
By NICK WINGFIELD
SEATTLE — Amazon signs
may be headed to more physical
storefronts.
The Internet retailer plans to
open more brick-and-mortar
bookstores following the unveil-
ing last year of one such location
here in its hometown, according
to a person briefed on the matter
who spoke on the condition of an-
onymity to discuss confidential
plans.
But the company’s plans for
physical stores are modest, this
person said, especially in com-
parison with reports of an expan-
sion suggested by an unusual
source, the chief of a large shop-
ping mall operator.
Sandeep Mathrani, chief exec-
utive of the mall operator Gen-
How the Industry Fared
Cars Light Trucks
JAN. 2015 529,696 621,427 1,151,123
JAN. 2016 486,245 661,812 1,148,057
CHANGE –8.2% +6.5%
ANNUAL SELLING RATE (MILLIONS)
How the Automakers Fared
Jan . 2016 Change
Sales
203,745 +0.5 %
GENERAL MOTORS
FORD MOTOR 172,478 –2.8
TOYOTA 161,283 –4.7
FIAT CHRYSLER 155,037 +6.9
NISSAN 105,734 +1.6
HONDA 100,497 –1.7
HYUNDAI 45,011 +1.1
SUBARU 41,101 +0.7
KIA 38,305 Unch.
VOLKSWAGEN 32,076 –8.9
Source: MotorIntelligence.com
the pace of sales for sport utility
vehicles.
According to Autodata, car
sales fell 8.2 percent in January
from the same period a year ago.
By comparison, S.U.V. and truck
sales grew 6.5 percent.
“Low gas prices are making
larger vehicles more appealing,
to the detriment of smaller cars,”
said Jessica Caldwell, an analyst
with the auto research website
Edmunds.com.
The continued surge in sales of
more expensive trucks and sport
utility vehicles raised the aver-
age industrywide transaction
price. Kelley Blue Book said the
average price paid in January
was $34,112, which was 2.8 per-
cent higher than the year before.
The three big American auto-
makers reported mixed results
Nielsen gave Dennis Cheatham, a professor at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, a paper diary
to log TV viewing, with no space to record the digital streaming shows he and his family watch.
Viewership data is life
or death for hundreds
of TV programs.
challenge Nielsen’s dominance
have emerged. The latest came
on Monday, when comScore and
Rentrak announced they were
united after the closing of their
merger. ComScore, founded in
1999, has expertise in measuring
the use of digital media, while
Rentrak uses data from set-top
boxes to measure what people
watch on television. Combined,
the companies are seeking to
measure audiences across
screens — mobile, desktop, tele-
vision and more.
Whether any of the new play-
ers will dethrone Nielsen is un-
clear. Some industry analysts like
Mr. Nollen and other executives
said that because of its legacy,
Nielsen remained best positioned
to provide a single source of rat-
ings data across TV and digital.
Others question whether ratings
will even be relevant in a not-too-
distant digital future, when ads
eral Growth Properties, was an-
swering questions from analysts
on Tuesday about foot traffic in
malls when he said, of Amazon’s
bookstore plans, “Their goal is to
open, as I understand, 300 to 400
bookstores,” according to a re-
cording of the call.
Mr. Mathrani did not say how
he heard about Amazon’s plans.
Kevin Berry, a spokesman for
General Growth Properties, de-
clined to comment further. The
Wall Street Journal earlier re-
ported on Mr. Mathrani’s com-
ments about Amazon.
A spokesman for Amazon de-
clined to comment.
Even if Amazon is not planning
to go nationwide with its stores
anytime soon, any expansion of
its brick-and-mortar presence is
Total
–0.3%
17.58
BIGGEST
GAINER
+43.0% Honda Civic
Market
Share
17.7 %
15.0 Toyota Corolla
14.0
13.5
9.2
8.8
3.9
3.6
3.3
2.8
for the month.
General Motors, the largest do-
mestic auto manufacturer, said it
sold 203,000 vehicles during Jan-
uary, up 0.5 percent from the
month in 2015.
The company said it reduced
its sales of vehicles to rental com-
panies, increased its retail busi-
ness and kept inventories lower
than in the past.
“We believe industry funda-
mentals such as the age of the ve-
hicle fleet, well-managed inven-
tory levels, firm used-car pricing,
good credit availability and low
fuel prices will support higher in-
dustry sales in 2016,” said G.
Mustafa Mohatarem, G.M.’s chief
economist.
G.M. got surprising help from
its Buick brand, sales of which in-
creased 45 percent because of
KEVIN MICHAEL BRIGGS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
are bought and sold based on
specific data about viewers, such
as location, occupation, salary
and purchases, rather than broad
audience metrics.
“The road is littered with the
roadkill of companies that have
tried to compete with Nielsen
over the years,” said Alan Wurtz-
el, president of research at Com-
cast’s NBCUniversal. “Now,
some of these new entities might
wind up being able to do things in
a way that Nielsen can’t. If they
have figured out a better mouse-
trap, they could give the industry
something to seriously think
about.”
In the last year, Nielsen has re-
leased 69 new products and tech-
nology innovations — most nota-
bly introducing a measurement
called total audience metric to
track TV viewing across video on
demand, mobile and streaming.
Yet Nielsen is established on
an inherent conflict that can im-
pede the adoption of new meas-
urement methods. Nielsen is paid
hundreds of millions of dollars a
year by the television industry
that it measures. And that in-
dustry, which uses Nielsen’s rat-
ings to sell ads, is known to op-
likely to send shivers down the
spines of other booksellers. Ama-
zon’s success as an online retailer
of physical and electronic books
has already devastated chains
like Borders and seriously
wounded Barnes & Noble.
Independent booksellers,
though, are seeing sales growth
in many parts of the country,
showing how reluctant some
book fans have been to give up
browsing store shelves.
“There are all kinds of studies
that show the best way to find
things when you don’t know what
you’re looking for is an old-fash-
ioned bookstore,” said John Mut-
ter, editor in chief and co-founder
of Shelf Awareness, which pub-
lishes an email newsletter for
booksellers and librarians. “I
Most Popular Cars and Trucks
Figures for the
United States
FORD
CHEVROLET Silverado
RAM
TOYOTA
HONDA
TOYOTA
NISSAN
BIGGEST
LOSER TOYOTA
–18.3%
HONDA
FORD
NISSAN
FORD
HONDA
CHEVROLET Equinox
FORD
NISSAN
strong demand for cars like the
LaCrosse. The company also re-
ported a 5 percent gain in sales of
its Chevrolet Silverado pickup.
Ford Motor, the second-largest
American automaker, reported
sales of 173,000 vehicles in Janu-
ary, down 2.6 percent from the
year before.
While sales of its passenger
cars dropped almost 13 percent,
Ford said its S.U.V. sales im-
proved by 3 percent, to more than
50,000 vehicles. The company
said its Lincoln luxury brand was
also off to a good start for the
year, with sales up 8.4 percent.
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, the
smallest of the major domestic
manufacturers, said it sold
155,000 vehicles during the
month, up 6.9 percent from Janu-
ary 2015.
pose changes that do not favor it.
“People want us to innovate as
long as the innovation is to their
advantage,” Mr. Hasker said.
Some television and advertis-
ing executives have said that
Nielsen has started to address
their concerns. CBS, for instance,
announced in September that it
was working with Nielsen to
measure viewers across stream-
ing and mobile.
Still, others complain that Niel-
sen is not moving quickly
enough. Nielsen executives said
the new ratings would be ready
for this spring’s industry bazaar
known as the upfronts, when ad-
vertisers commit tens of billions
of dollars for the coming televi-
sion season. But media and ad
executives said that was highly
unlikely. Nielsen has made the to-
tal audience metric data avail-
able to networks for a preview
period but is not permitted to
publicly release data about the
viewership for particular shows
and networks until it agrees with
clients on terms.
Another major initiative from
Nielsen was the expansion of its
national television ratings panel,
which deploys electronic devices
think that’s a major part of what
Amazon is trying to do with this
bookstore in Seattle.”
Mr. Mutter said the success of
some booksellers could not have
escaped the notice of Amazon’s
chief executive, Jeff Bezos.
“They seem very thorough in
terms of competing,” Mr. Mutter
said.
Last year, Amazon opened its
first physical bookstore in the
University Village shopping mall
in Seattle. The store features
thousands of books, a tiny sam-
pling of those on Amazon’s web-
site, most of them with customer
ratings of four stars and above.
The books sell for the same
price in the store as they do on
Amazon’s site. Because book
prices regularly change on the
Change
Jan. 2016 from Jan.
Sales 2015 Sales
F-Series 51,540 – 5.2%
37,863 + 4.9
1500-3500 29,938 + 4.6
Camry 26,848 + 0.3
Civic 26,741 +43.0
Corolla 22,362 –18.3
Altima 22,156 –16.1
RAV4 21,554 + 8.7
Accord 20,765 – 1.2
Fusion 19,877 + 0.9
Rogue 19,762 +26.3
Escape 19,219 – 4.2
CR-V 19,208 –17.2
18,574 – 5.0
Explorer 16,614 – 2.5
Sentra 16,144 +12.2
THE NEW YORK TIMES
The company rode the
strength of its Jeep S.U.V. brand
to post what it said was its best
January sales performance since
2007. While Fiat Chrysler’s pas-
senger car sales dropped 24 per-
cent, Jeep sales increased 15 per-
cent.
The midmonth blizzard that
blanketed several states may
have contributed to sales of the
rugged Jeep models.
“Mother Nature was no match
for our Jeep brand,” said Reid
Bigland, head of United States
sales for Fiat Chrysler.
Of the foreign automakers,
Honda said its January sales de-
clined 1.7 percent to 100,000 vehi-
cles. Toyota’s sales fell by 4.7 per-
cent to 161,000 vehicles, and Nis-
san said its sales increased 1.6
percent to 105,000.
to track minute-by-minute view-
ing. To capture more diverse and
splintering audiences, the com-
pany increased its panel to near-
ly 41,000 households, or about
100,000 people, from 21,000 house-
holds. Again, some executives
said that the change came too
late. When it is possible to track
the websites people visit, what
products they buy and which
shows they stream, advertisers
say they are seeking much more
detailed information.
Mr. Hasker said that Nielsen
was exploring ways to incorpo-
rate more digital data, like Face-
book registration information
and direct feeds from set-top box-
es, into its ratings.
The battle between the old and
the new measurement establish-
ment already is playing out
across the local television mar-
ket, which is measured separate-
ly from the national market. For
years, Nielsen deployed its paper
diaries to measure viewing. Ren-
trak entered the market and won
a number of clients by offering an
alternative: using the data from
set-top boxes to measure what
people are watching on the televi-
sion. After closing its deal with
comScore, the new company is
expected to include more com-
plete and accurate digital view-
ing data by merging Rentrak’s
television metrics with com-
Score’s digital data. But even that
new method is not perfect. Some
critics point to holes in Rentrak
data, stating that set-top box
measurement does not represent
the total population.
“We have heard from our cli-
ents across the industry, and the
message has been very clear:
Measurement needs to evolve,”
Serge Matta, comScore’s chief,
said Monday in announcing the
closing of the merger.
Nielsen plans to phase out the
use of unreliable television dia-
ries — like the one Mr. Cheatham
received — in the local markets
where they are used and replace
them with more accurate elec-
tronic devices. The decision, Mr.
Hasker said, was not spurred by
the competition but was made be-
cause “using paper diaries in an
increasingly digital world is an
incredibly difficult thing to ex-
plain and justify.”
site, visitors to the store scan
books using a mobile app to find
out how much they cost.
Although the store is called
Amazon Books, it prominently
features a growing array of Ama-
zon-made devices, including the
Kindle tablet, the Fire TV set-top
device and Echo, its home speak-
er and virtual assistant.
Because Mr. Bezos has outsize
ambitions for most of the compa-
ny’s initiatives, the opening of the
Seattle location quickly led to
speculation about a nationwide
chain of Amazon stores. Jennifer
Cast, an early Amazon executive
and trusted lieutenant of Mr.
Bezos, returned to the company
to help oversee the store initia-
tive after leaving Amazon more
than a dozen years ago.
Introduces
Spread Minus
The Eggs
By STEPHANIE STROM
If you can’t beat ’em, join ’em.
Unilever, the global food and con-
sumer products giant, said on
Tuesday that it would begin sell-
ing an eggless sandwich spread.
Hellmann’s Carefully Crafted
Dressing and Sandwich Spread
will make its debut a little more
than a year after Unilever sued
Hampton Creek, the upstart food
company whose Just Mayo egg-
less spread has dented the mar-
ket share of conventional mayon-
naises.
“We talk with our fans all the
time, share ideas and begin to
have idea of what they’re inter-
ested in,” said Russel Lilly, mar-
keting director at Hellmann’s,
which is known as Best Foods
west of the Rockies. “There was
clearly a lot of excitement and in-
terest from our fans and that’s
why we decided to take this step.”
Carefully Crafted will hit
shelves in the middle of this
month, together with three or-
ganic versions — Original, Roast-
ed Garlic and Spicy Chipotle — of
Hellmann’s mayonnaise.
Unilever’s retail sales of may-
onnaise dropped to $839 million
last year, or 46.6 percent of the
United States market, from a
peak of $884 million in 2012, and
Kraft’s have eroded even more,
according to data from Euromon-
itor.
Over the same time, sales of
what Euromonitor calls “other”
brands, which includes Just
Mayo, have climbed steadily to
$111.7 million, up from $61.3 mil-
lion in 2012.
According to data from IRI,
sales of Hampton Creek’s Just
Mayo product more than tripled
last year, as the company gained
broader distribution. IRI put
sales at a little more than $8 mil-
lion.
In late 2014, Unilever sued
Hampton Creek, charging that
the cracked egg image and use of
the word “mayo” on labels for its
spread product violated federal
regulations that define foods.
Unilever then had to scramble to
HELLMANN’S
Hellmann’s Carefully Crafted
spread will be available soon.
Hellmann’s had
challenged a company
that called its eggless
product ‘mayo.’
change language on some of its
own websites that referred to
nonmayonnaise products as
“mayonnaise,” and it eventually
dropped the suit.
The Food and Drug Adminis-
tration then picked up the baton
last August, essentially making
the same charges that Unilever
had in its lawsuit. But after nego-
tiations that led to some minor
adjustments to the label, Hamp-
ton Creek was allowed to keep
the brand name Just Mayo on its
product.
The company also makes Just
Cookies; supplies university,
school and corporate cafeterias
through an alliance with the
Compass Group; and sells its egg
protein to manufacturers for use
in their products.
Josh Tetrick, the founder of
Hampton Creek, said in a tele-
phone interview on Tuesday that
Unilever had said it was working
toward plant-based replacements
for proteins normally derived
from meat. He said Unilever had
not bought any of Hampton
Creek’s egg substitute.
Mr. Tetrick said he welcomed
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the competition from Unilever’s
new product. “The whole point of
Hampton Creek is to bring its
way of doing things to the entire
food system,” he said. “There’s
no way a single company can do
it alone, so I’m glad Unilever is
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
doing this and I hope Kraft and
Nestlé and many others follow
suit.”
As for whether Unilever might
now dent Just Mayo’s sales, Mr.
Tetrick said, “We’ve got a pretty
good head start.”
Watch The Times.
NYTimes.com/Video.

Businesses Owned by Women Less Likely to Win U.S. Contracts, Study Shows
By JACKIE CALMES
WASHINGTON — The odds of
businesses owned by women
winning a federal contract are
about 21 percent lower than for
otherwise similar companies,
and years of effort to increase
those chances have barely made
an impact, according to a new re-
port from the Commerce Depart-
ment.
The report is being released as
the federal government is begin-
ning to change a Small Business
Administration program that is
five years old this week, yet has
never met a goal of helping com-
panies owned by women win at
least 5 percent of federal contract
dollars.
The changes, which were re-
quired by a 2014 law that also
mandated the report, now make
such businesses eligible for no-
bid contracts so they can gain the
experience needed to win other,
Economists Meet in the Middle on Fighting Poverty
From Page B1
that welfare should come with
stiff work requirements to dis-
courage dependency. They sat
across from Sheldon Danziger of
the Russell Sage Foundation and
Jane Waldfogel of Columbia Uni-
versity, who believe in a cash
safety net of last resort, at least
for families with children.
“Everybody had to swallow
very hard to put their name on
that,” acknowledged Michael
Strain of the American Enter-
prise Institute, who was part of
the 15-member group.
It is easy to dismiss the exer-
cise as a futile effort to find a
minimum common denominator
between disparate opposites. The
report is not likely to make its
way into legislation any time
soon. But, the experts hope, the
next administration might turn
its attention to poverty and find a
set of viable ideas on the shelf.
The collection of proposals —
from promoting strong and stable
families to improving the quanti-
ty and quality of work — actually
adds up to a coherent approach
to improving an anti-poverty
strategy that has fallen far short
of its goals.
This raises a tantalizing pros-
pect. Is it possible that combating
America’s entrenched poverty —
the deepest among advanced in-
dustrialized nations — may have
finally become salient enough for
the left and right to break
through the ideological gridlock?
“The report took us longer
than we thought,” Mr. Danziger
told me. “But everybody agreed
that even though there were
things in it we didn’t like, the
package together would be better
than the status quo.”
A dose of skepticism is proba-
bly wise. Preserving the biparti-
san balance — drafted over the
course of 14 months, with New
York University’s Jonathan Haidt
in the role of ideological mediator
— required a lot of vagueness
that would never survive the
Email: eporter@nytimes.com;
Twitter: @portereduardo
Negotiators Reach Agreement to Balance Trans-Atlantic Data Concerns
From First Business Page
Many obstacles still await the
deal, which must be officially ap-
proved by the European Union’s
28 member states. National data
protection regulators have yet to
give their support to the pact,
and European privacy-rights ad-
vocates are preparing to file legal
challenges seeking to overturn it.
The data-transfer agreement,
replacing a 15-year-old pact that
Europe’s highest court struck
down in October, is intended to
let the free flow of digital data —
the lifeblood of many global busi-
nesses — continue as usual.
In seeking to ensure the con-
tinued free flow of data, the deal
announced on Tuesday could es-
pecially benefit big American
companies like Google, Facebook
and Amazon that tend to dom-
inate Internet searches, social
media and digital commerce in
Europe. But it is also meant to let
nontech companies like the drug
maker Pfizer and the industrial
conglomerate General Electric
continue to send customer and
employee data between the Unit-
ed States and Europe.
Europe’s privacy watchdogs
had demanded that European
and American officials agree to a
new deal by Jan. 31. Although ne-
gotiators missed that deadline,
they had been meeting almost
continuously in Brussels since
Sunday to reach an agreement.
They were driven by a sense of
urgency, as industry executives
and trade bodies on both sides of
the Atlantic worried that the
means for transferring data be-
tween two of the world’s largest
economies remained in jeopardy.
Most sensitive, perhaps, were
provisions demanded by the Eu-
ropean Commission, the execu-
tive arm of the European Union,
aimed at limiting how American
competitive projects.
The percentage of federal con-
tract dollars going to companies
owned by women rose to 4.7 per-
cent in the 2014 fiscal year, the
most recent year that the report
examined, from 4 percent in 2011,
when the Small Business Admin-
istration program to help such
companies began, according to
the report. Businesses owned by
women, which are defined as
companies that are at least 51
percent owned by one woman or
more, account for about 30 per-
cent of American companies.
“These are sobering statistics
that show a real, unfair disadvan-
tage for women entrepreneurs,”
said Senator Jeanne Shaheen,
Democrat of New Hampshire,
who sponsored the 2014 law, with
Senator Maria Cantwell, Demo-
crat of Washington, and Senator
Kirsten E. Gillibrand, Democrat
of New York.
Breakfast at the Seashore Mission in Biloxi, Miss. A group of economists hope the next adminis-
tration might turn its attention to poverty and find a set of viable ideas on the shelf.
rough and tumble of the real po-
litical arena. Touchy subjects like
race were mostly left off the ta-
ble. And though bipartisanship
may have committed both sides
to work from the same facts, it
did nothing to alter how each side
weighed them.
Consider the call to increase
the minimum wage. The scholars
made note of the nonpartisan
Congressional Budget Office’s re-
cent assessment that the Obama
administration’s proposal to raise
the federal minimum wage to
$10.10 from $7.25 and index it to
inflation would provide higher
pay to 16 million to 24 million
workers and lift a million people
out of poverty — at a cost of
500,000 jobs over three years and
a slight uptick in consumer
prices.
Conservatives still found the
costs too high and the benefits in-
sufficiently compelling. Most of
the income gains would benefit
the nonpoor, they argued. And
The data-transfer agreement is intended to let digital data, the
lifeblood of many global businesses, continue to flow freely.
intelligence agencies collect data
on Europeans when companies
send their personal information
to the United States.
The American negotiators, in
response, agreed to provide the
annual written assurances.
These guarantees, European
officials said, will be reviewed
each year, with American and
European policy makers meeting
to ensure that the strict privacy
rights of Europe’s more than 500
million citizens are respected by
United States agencies.
“We will hold the U.S. account-
able on the commitments that
they have made,” Vera Jourova,
the European Union’s justice
commissioner who has led the
negotiating team, said on Tues-
day.
The new deal “is a major
achievement for privacy and for
businesses on both sides of the
Atlantic,” Penny Pritzker, the
United States Commerce secre-
tary, said in a statement on Tues-
day. ”It provides certainty that
will help grow the digital econ-
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Women now qualify
for no-bid projects to
gain experience.
“We’ve made good progress
with the recent expansion of the
women-owned small business
contracting program, but this
data clearly shows that this pro-
gram should be expanded to
more industries,” Mrs. Shaheen
said.
Economists at the Commerce
Department examined recent
years’ data for 304 categories of
industries and more than 600,000
companies, about 20 percent of
which identified themselves as
owned by women. Winners of
federal contracts tended to be the
older and larger companies, the
what if the budget office under-
estimated job losses? What if fix-
ing the minimum wage to infla-
tion brought other costs?
This debate was a “clear exam-
ple of how values can influence
the reading of research evi-
dence,” the report admitted can-
didly.
Nonetheless, in the service of a
deal, those on the right and the
left held their noses and agreed
to “recommend an increase be-
low what the administration has
proposed, but still large enough
to substantially improve the re-
wards associated with work
among the less-skilled.”
The two sides will never entire-
ly agree, of course, partly be-
cause they view the causes of
poverty from such different an-
gles.
To the left, deprivation is
caused mostly by factors beyond
the control of the poor. These in-
clude globalization, which under-
cut good jobs previously within
JASON ALDEN/BLOOMBERG NEWS
omy.”
Both sides will now spend the
next two weeks completing the
details of the new pact, which is
to be called the E.U.-U.S. Privacy
Shield. If formally approved, it
would go into effect by early
April.
But the deal’s first hurdle
comes on Wednesday, when Eu-
rope’s increasingly powerful na-
tional privacy agencies plan to
pass their own judgment on how
data can be safely transferred
outside the European Union.
Many of these agencies, which
can investigate and issue fines to
companies that they suspect of
misusing people’s digital infor-
mation, remain skeptical that
rules protecting Europeans’ data
will be upheld in the United
States. And some of these mon-
itors have said that they will sup-
port further restrictions on how
companies can move the data if
they suspect it may be misused.
“We are part of the game,” Isa-
belle Falque-Pierrotin, France’s
privacy chief, said in an inter-
report said.
Businesses owned by women
generally are “smaller and
younger than other businesses,”
the report said. Yet that accounts
“for only part of the disparity in
the likelihood of winning con-
tracts,” it added. “Even when
controlling for firm characteris-
tics, including firm size and age,
women-owned businesses are
less likely to win contracts than
otherwise similar businesses not
owned by women.”
The report did not suggest oth-
er explanations for the disparity
or ways to alleviate it. The
changes mandated in December
2014 are too recent to show in the
data.
The 2014 law allowed compa-
nies owned by women to qualify
for no-bid “sole source” con-
tracts, like those long available to
minority-owned businesses and
to those companies designated as
SPENCER PLATT/GETTY IMAGES
the reach of the less educated, an
educational system segregated
by race and class, lack of parental
resources, discrimination and ex-
cessive use of prison.
Experts on the right, by con-
trast, put a lot of the weight on
personal responsibility, often
faulting the bad choices of the
poor. And government support,
by providing the poor with an in-
come with few strings attached,
has made their choices worse.
Yet common ground does exist.
Understanding the causes of pov-
erty has improved over the last
few decades, helping push solu-
tions through the ideological fog.
Many liberals are still skeptical
that encouraging marriage will
do much to help the poor, but
most have come to accept that
the children of intact families
have a better shot in life. Some
conservatives have come to ac-
knowledge that though the push
to tie work requirements to pub-
lic assistance may have made
view last month in Paris. “If you
provide these services, then you
have to protect people’s privacy
rights.”
Ms. Falque-Pierrotin is the
chairwoman of the Pan-Euro-
pean body that will announce its
assessment on Wednesday.
The agreement drew praise on
Tuesday from DigitalEurope, a
group representing trade associ-
ations and multinational tech
companies doing business in Eu-
rope, including Apple, Google
and Microsoft.
John Higgins, the group’s di-
rector general, called in a state-
ment for national privacy agen-
cies “to view this signal from the
European Commission as a sign
of good faith and to hold off with
any potential enforcement action
until the new agreement has
been fully implemented.”
Privacy groups, though, ex-
pressed concern that the data-
transfer deal does not comply
with European law, which views
an individual’s right to privacy
almost on par with freedom of ex-
pression.
Several consumer groups have
said that they will file complaints
with European privacy agencies
to challenge the new agreement,
while others have called on the
United States to improve its own
privacy laws to match those cur-
rently available in Europe.
“The problem is that the U.S.
remains unchanged,” said Marc
Rotenberg, president of the Elec-
tronic Privacy Information Cen-
ter in Washington.
Despite these expected chal-
lenges, some European officials
on Tuesday defended the new
safe harbor agreement.
In particular, the European
Commission highlighted how the
United States had proposed
greater oversight on the access
American intelligence agencies
have to Europeans’ data.
economically disadvantaged.
Federal officials have discretion
to award such contracts to a sin-
gle qualified small business after
negotiating terms, thus avoiding
prolonged bidding with multiple
companies.
In sponsoring the law, Mrs.
Shaheen drew on the experience
of women like Sue Sylvester, the
majority owner of Absolute Re-
sources Associates, an environ-
mental service company in Ports-
mouth, N.H., who struggled to
get government contracts.
“I think what my experience
shows is that if the sole-source
option is available for women-
owned firms, it’s going to change
the odds,” Ms. Sylvester said.
That option — which she first
qualified for as an economically
disadvantaged business because
of her company’s small size —
“allowed us to get our foot in the
door and show what we can do
sense in the booming 1990s, the
approach might require adjust-
ments to fit the present, less dy-
namic economy.
This opens up opportunities for
deals. Conservatives want those
on government aid to get a job?
Liberals will agree, provided
there is a guarantee that jobs are
available and that there is a safe-
ty net for those at the very bot-
tom who simply cannot work.
“If we require more work as a
condition of receiving public
benefits, we should support poli-
cies expanding work availability
to those who need it,” the report
states.
Progressives, Mr. Danziger
told me, placed more weight on
the part of the report that calls
for “ensuring jobs are available.”
Conservatives, by contrast, pre-
ferred the bit that mentioned
“raising work levels among the
hard-to-employ.”
This is the way deals are made.
“This is modest,” Mr. Danziger
argued. “If we had a system
where people were not fearful of
the Tea Party or of unions, you
could get 60 percent of the House
and 60 percent of the Senate to
agree.”
There is another hurdle that
may be even harder to over-
come: money. The report’s “close
tax expenditures” approach to fi-
nancing useful proposals has be-
come the standard Hail Mary
pass. But given all the interests
with a stake in the present tax
system, it never seems to muster
much support.
As Mr. Strain put it, “It’s im-
possible to deny that conserva-
tives want to spend less money
than liberals.” Indeed, when
House Speaker Paul D. Ryan pro-
posed expanding the earned-in-
come tax credit, he favored pay-
ing for it by cutting funds for oth-
er anti-poverty efforts.
Still, it is worth seeking a deal.
If the Democrats retain the White
House while the Republicans
maintain their grip on Congress,
neither party will be able to domi-
nate Washington policy making.
For the poor, a compromise along
these lines would be a lot better
than doing nothing.
The United States also agreed
to establish an ombudsman in the
State Department to act as a first
point of contact for Europeans if
they believed American govern-
ment agencies had misused their
data.
Access granted to American in-
telligence agencies had become a
sticking point in light of revela-
tions by Edward J. Snowden, the
former National Security Agency
contractor, about that agency’s
surveillance of foreign citizens.
During the most recent talks in
Brussels, which involved officials
from the United States Com-
merce Department and the Fed-
eral Trade Commission, among
others, American negotiators had
argued that United States law
provided greater oversight and
supervision of American intelli-
gence agencies’ use of personal
data than rules now in place
across the European Union, ac-
cording to several officials who
spoke on the condition of ano-
nymity because they were not
authorized to speak publicly.
National security arguments
had become more vehement after
the terrorist attacks in Paris last
November, those officials said.
United States ambassadors had
defended the integrity of over-
sight of American intelligence
agencies in discussions with sen-
ior politicians in countries like
France, Germany and Britain in
recent weeks, according to the of-
ficials who asked to remain anon-
ymous.
But the European Commission,
which does not have the power to
rule on its member states’ na-
tional security practices, had de-
manded written guarantees.
“This isn’t going to be a one-off
decision by the commission,” said
Ms. Jourova, the European jus-
tice commissioner. “We have
achieved effective protection of
Europeans’ rights.”
N B7
compared to the big boys.”
Four years ago, her company
won its first contract with the
United States Military Academy
at West Point to provide air mon-
itoring and protection against
lead, asbestos and mold contami-
nation as West Point renovates
old buildings, she said. Since then
it has received others for han-
dling hazardous wastes, monitor-
ing water quality and cleaning
lead from a firing range at West
Point, and for monitoring drink-
ing water at the Portsmouth Na-
val Shipyard.
Extending sole-source con-
tracts to companies owned by
women should give them “an op-
portunity to get that experience
and get ready to compete” for the
more numerous and larger con-
tracts bid competitively, she said.
“It’s just difficult to get your
experience shown,” she said.
“That’s the hard part.”
The Intercept
Says Reporter
Falsified
Quotations
By DANIEL E. SLOTNIK
The news website The Inter-
cept said on Tuesday that a for-
mer reporter had fabricated quo-
tations in some of his articles and
impersonated other people by us-
ing email accounts in their
names.
Betsy Reed, the news organ-
ization’s editor in chief, said that
the first evidence appeared in
late December and that the re-
porter, Juan Thompson, was fired
on Jan. 4. In an online note to
readers, she listed four articles
that had been corrected and one
that had been retracted.
Ms. Reed wrote that an in-
ternal investigation turned up in-
stances in which Mr. Thompson
quoted people who later said he
had never interviewed them,
could not remember speaking
with him or whose identities
could not be confirmed. She add-
ed that he had also quoted un-
named people he claimed to have
met at public events whose
words could not be verified and
that he had used an email ac-
count in someone else’s name to
impersonate a source.
The note also said he had cre-
ated an account in her name.
“We apologize to the subjects
of these stories; to the people
who were falsely quoted; and to
you, our readers,” Ms. Reed
wrote. “We are contacting news
outlets that picked up the correct-
ed stories to alert them to the
problems.”
The retracted article was
based on an interview with some-
one presented as Scott Roof, the
cousin of Dylann Roof, who is ac-
cused of murdering nine people
in a racially motivated attack in a
church in Charleston, S.C., last
June. In the article, Scott Roof is
quoted saying that Dylann Roof’s
hatred may have stemmed from
a girl who chose to date a black
man rather than him.
“After speaking with two mem-
bers of Dylann Roof’s family, The
Intercept can no longer stand by
the premise of this story,” the re-
traction on top of the article says.
“Both individuals said they do
not know of a cousin named Scott
Roof.”
The Intercept was founded in
2014 with the financial backing of
Pierre Omidyar, the billionaire
founder of eBay. Its best-known
writer is the Pulitzer Prize win-
ner Glenn Greenwald, who most
prominently covers national se-
curity issues.
Ms. Reed said in the note that
Mr. Thompson “wrote mostly
short articles on news events and
criminal justice.”
Tuesday afternoon, Mr.
Thompson sent The New York
Times an email addressed to Ms.
Reed. In it he said he was un-
dergoing radiation treatment for
testicular cancer and had not had
the time or energy to review his
notes. He attributed the errors in
his articles to poor reporting and
the unwillingness of some of his
subjects to go on the record, rath-
er than to intentional prevarica-
tion.
“If I couldn’t obtain a quote
from the person I wanted, I went
somewhere else, and must’ve for-
got to change the names — clear-
ly,” Mr. Thompson wrote. “Also,
yes, I encouraged some of my in-
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terviewees to use another name;
they’re poor black people who
didn’t want their names in the
public given the situations” and
that was the only way, he said,
“of convincing them otherwise.”
In an email on Tuesday, Ms.
Reed wrote that she had received
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
an email from Mr. Thompson but
that it was not identical to other
versions that were being circulat-
ed online.
“This is a case of a troubled in-
dividual,” Ms. Reed wrote. “We
have corrected the problems we
found in his journalism in a trans-
parent manner, and will continue
to strive for the highest stand-
ards in our reporting.”
B8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
Yahoo Says It Is Open to Offers and Plans to Lay Off 15% of Its Work Force
From First Business Page
“The company is open to all op-
tions,” said Mark Mahaney, an
analyst with RBC Capital Mar-
kets. “There is a distinct possibil-
ity that Yahoo as an independent
company no longer exists within
two years.”
Starboard Value, a Yahoo in-
vestor, accused the board in Jan-
uary of neglecting its responsibil-
ities by ignoring potential offers
and dragging its feet in coming
up with plans to spin off its core
assets.
“Each quarter is worse than
the last,” Starboard wrote in a let-
ter, adding that requiring “an-
other year for shareholders to
wait while the existing leadership
continues to destroy value is not
acceptable.”
Starboard did not respond to
requests for comment on Tues-
day. But SpringOwl Asset Man-
agement, a firm whose investors
have been publicly critical of Ya-
hoo’s management, were not sat-
isfied with the proposed changes
or happy about Ms. Mayer’s atti-
tude.
Michael J. de la Merced contribut-
ed reporting.
ChemChina Is Near a Deal
To Acquire Syngenta
From First Business Page
and the deal could still fall apart,
the people said.
An acquisition is likely to face
months if not years of scrutiny,
both in Europe and the United
States. Because Syngenta has a
significant presence in the United
States, the Committee on Foreign
Investments in the United States,
a government panel that reviews
takeovers by foreign buyers,
would most likely scrutinize any
deal.
The Chinese company, known
as ChemChina, may have timed a
A purchase seen as a
potential boon to
Chinese agriculture.
takeover in anticipation of a long
review process. As the Chinese
economy churns along at the low-
est growth rate since 2009, Chem-
China may be better off trying to
strike a deal now to expand its
presence in markets outside Chi-
na.
Additionally, the agriculture
sector as a whole has been hit by
the slowdown, which is part of
the reason some companies have
sought to consolidate in the first
place.
Syngenta had earlier rebuffed
Amie Tsang contributed report-
ing.
Drug Maker All but Gloated Over Profit From Huge Drug Price Increases, Email Shows
From First Business Page
mates are accurate.”
The email excerpt is included
in a memo released by Repre-
sentative Elijah E. Cummings,
the ranking Democrat on the
House Committee on Oversight
and Government Reform, in ad-
vance of a committee hearing on
Thursday about drug price in-
creases.
Mr. Shkreli left Turing after he
was indicted on securities fraud
charges in December.
The House panel subpoenaed
him to appear as a witness, but
he has said he will invoke his
Fifth Amendment right and not
answer questions.
He has also hired a new law-
yer, Benjamin Brafman, replac-
ing the lawyers at Arnold & Por-
ter, a major Washington firm.
Mr. Brafman is a seasoned
New York criminal defense law-
yer who has specialized in repre-
senting prominent defendants,
including celebrities and mem-
bers of organized crime families.
His clients have included Domi-
nique Strauss-Kahn, the former
managing director of the Interna-
tional Monetary Fund; the hip-
hop mogul Sean Combs, known
variously as Puff Daddy, Diddy
and P. Diddy; and the pop star
Michael Jackson.
Mr. Brafman said no decision
had been made on what Mr.
Shkreli would do with regards to
Thursday’s hearing.
The memo released by Mr.
Cummings contained excerpts
and conclusions gleaned by Dem-
ocratic staff members from more
than 250,000 pages of documents
provided by Turing. A separate
memo about Valeant was based
on 75,000 pages of documents
from that company, whose inter-
im chief executive, Howard B.
Schiller, is expected to testify at
Thursday’s hearing.
“I expected defiance, and I ex-
pected a convoluted solution,”
said Eric Jackson of SpringOwl.
“My expectations were exceeded
on both counts.”
He noted that Yahoo, despite
supposedly being willing to en-
tertain offers, did not mention
hiring an investment firm to fa-
cilitate the process. “It remains
to be seen whether this is a real
shift or not,” Mr. Jackson said.
Ms. Mayer said in the inter-
view that the company already
had retained advisers to help
with the spinoff, and they would
help evaluate any offers for the
core assets. The board, she said,
would be “receptive” to offers.
Yahoo’s language on Tuesday
is likely to formally begin what
could be months of inquiries from
both strategic and financial suit-
ors. Some have been open in ex-
pressing their interest: Late last
year, Verizon’s chief executive,
Lowell C. McAdam, said at a con-
ference that he would look at
buying Yahoo if it were put up for
sale.
Others, including private equi-
ty firms, have been quietly study-
ing a potential acquisition of Ya-
hoo’s web businesses, according
to people briefed on the matter.
an offer from an American com-
pany because of the risk that reg-
ulators would not approve the
deal. The Swiss company reject-
ed a $47 billion takeover bid by
Monsanto in August, arguing the
American company’s offer was
undervalued and might be diffi-
cult to execute.
But after Dow Chemical and
DuPont agreed to combine in De-
cember, Syngenta’s opportunity
for a merger of its own could be
more limited, according to a note
by Citigroup analysts. They said
that the two most feasible out-
comes, from a regulatory stand-
point with divestitures, would be
an acquisition by either Monsan-
to or ChemChina.
Several months after Syngenta
rejected the takeover bid from
Monsanto, the Swiss company’s
chief executive, Mike Mack,
stepped down. John Ramsey, the
company’s chief financial officer,
ascended to the role in the inter-
im.
The new management could
make Monsanto more amenable
to a refreshed bid, according to
Mr. Foudy of N.Y.U.
ChemChina is no stranger to
foreign deals. Ren Jianxin start-
ed the business in the 1980s by
rolling up a series of chemical
plants and turned abroad a dec-
ade ago in purchasing Adisseo of
France for 400 million euros.
Since then, the company has
done more than a half-dozen ac-
quisitions of companies in Eu-
rope, the Middle East and Aus-
tralia, and posted a description of
its integration strategy — in Eng-
lish — on its website.
Martin Shkreli, former chief of Turing Pharmaceuticals, said in an email released by a House
panel that raising a pill’s price 5,000 percent would produce “a very handsome investment.”
The committee did not release
all the documents or even the en-
tire text of the emails that were
quoted.
Turing said in a statement on
Tuesday that it set the drug price
to “balance patient access to our
existing drugs with investment in
research and value generation
for our shareholders.” It said that
in November — months after it
set off public outrage for its price
increase — it began offering dis-
counts of up to 50 percent to hos-
pitals that use large amounts of
Daraprim.
Valeant said in a statement on
Tuesday that it was now offering
discounts of up to 30 percent to
hospitals on Isuprel and Nitro-
press.
Marissa Mayer, Yahoo’s chief executive, at the company’s mo-
bile developer conference in San Francisco last February.
Some firms, like Silver Lake and
TPG, previously weighed bids for
a minority stake in Yahoo in 2011
when the company was under
pressure from different activist
shareholders.
As Ms. Mayer looks to com-
plete her fourth year as chief ex-
ecutive, Yahoo stubbornly re-
mains a marginally profitable
company that is not growing.
Syngenta Golden Harvest hybrid seed produced corn in this field in Illinois, which is being inspected by an assistant manager.
Over the last year, ChemChina
has been on an acquisition spree.
In its latest deal, it took a minor-
ity stake in Mercuria, a Swiss en-
ergy and commodities company,
in a move to diversify its portfolio
and expand into the energy sec-
tor.
“We’ve heard from hospitals,
as well as from Congress, that we
set the price for these two drugs
too high,” it said.
Mr. Shkreli, 32, gained atten-
tion in September after the huge
overnight increase in the price of
Daraprim, a six-decade-old drug
that is the standard of care for
toxoplasmosis, a serious parasit-
ic infection.
Mr. Shkreli has argued that
Daraprim was such a small-sell-
ing drug that the price increase
would not affect the health care
system, and that the company
would help with co-payments and
take other steps to make sure
that no patient would be denied
the drug. He said the money from
the price increase would go to-
ERIC RISBERG/ASSOCIATED PRESS
That was underlined in its fourth-
quarter earnings report.
Revenue came in at $1.273 bil-
lion, compared with $1.253 billion
in 2014. Operating earnings were
13 cents a share, in line with fore-
casts. Last year, Yahoo earned 30
cents a share in the quarter.
Yahoo also recorded a $4.46 bil-
lion charge in the quarter for cer-
tain businesses, including its
Last year, ChemChina bought
Pirelli, the Italian tire maker, for
7.1 billion euros ($7.8 billion). And
just last month it sealed a deal for
KraussMaffei, a German manu-
facturer of plastics and rubber
processing machinery, for about
$1 billion.
RICHARD DREW/ASSOCIATED PRESS
ward research on new drugs, and
Turing is doing some such re-
search.
But some of the documents re-
leased by congressional investi-
gators show some patients were
being hit with co-payments as
high as $16,800, and others of
$6,000, and Turing was receiving
protests from doctors.
The documents also show Tu-
ring executives anticipated at
least $200 million in annual reve-
nue from Daraprim and were fo-
cused on the profits. Last Sept. 17,
Tina Ghorban, senior director of
business analytics and customer
insights, forwarded a single pur-
chase order for 96 bottles of
Daraprim at the full price. “An-
other $7.2 million. Pow!” she
A central question is
whether the company
will be sold.
blogging site Tumblr, which it ac-
quired for $1 billion.
Mr. Jackson of SpringOwl said
that Tumblr had been Ms.
Mayer’s signature acquisition,
and that she had increased the
number of employees when she
began at Yahoo. “She’s saying,
‘We’re going to sharpen our fo-
cus,’” he said. “Why didn’t she do
that three and a half years ago?”
Yahoo’s stock, and Ms. Mayer’s
tenure, have been propped up by
the company’s wildly successful
investment in Alibaba. A plan to
spin off the shares to investors
faltered when the Internal Reve-
nue Service refused to bless the
deal. In December, Yahoo said it
would instead spin off its core as-
sets while leaving the Alibaba
stake in the original company.
Kenneth Goldman, Yahoo’s
chief financial officer, said in the
conference call, “I do feel com-
fortable that we can do it this
ChemChina has offered to pay
about 470 Swiss francs ($461) for
every share of Syngenta, one of
the people said. That would value
Syngenta at approximately $43
billion.
Shares of Syngenta surged 3.7
percent, to 392.30 Swiss francs, in
wrote.
One email to a commercial loan
company in September said Tu-
ring was considering going pub-
lic in the first quarter of 2016 and
acquiring another drug, this time
from Teva, that was “also going
to be a big price-increase deal
with good upside.”
The recipient of the Aug. 27
email in which Mr. Shkreli gloats
about the money to be made on
Daraprim is Gregory Rea, a Flor-
ida radiologist. Mr. Rea, in a
phone interview, said he did not
want to discuss how he came to
know Mr. Shkreli and did not
want to comment on the email
“without going through my
records.”
Mr. Rea was an investor in a
private placement that KaloBios
Pharmaceuticals, another com-
pany Mr. Shkreli briefly led, con-
ducted in early December. Mr.
Rea invested $3 million in the pri-
vate offering on Dec. 4 that
closed just days before Mr.
Shkreli was arrested. KaloBios
fired Mr. Shkreli soon after his
arrest and filed for bankruptcy at
the end of December.
On Jan. 7, Mr. Rea and other in-
vestors in the private placement
filed a lawsuit in the bankruptcy
proceeding claiming they were
“fraudulently induced” to invest
in the private placement and
KaloBios should have been aware
of the pending criminal investiga-
tion against Mr. Shkreli. The in-
vestors, including Mr. Rea, are
seeking a return of their invest-
ment.
Another email was sent by Mr.
Shkreli to an outside contact on
Saturday, Aug. 8, 2015, saying
that the deal to acquire Daraprim
would be announced on the fol-
lowing Monday. In a subsequent
email, Mr. Shkreli estimated to
the same unidentified contact
that sales would be in the $200
million range, according to the
documents.
year.”
Yahoo was a mess when Ms.
Mayer arrived from Google. The
executive suite was a revolving
door. The company’s market
share in search was dropping.
Yahoo Mail was an also-ran and
efforts in mobile were minimal.
Ms. Mayer’s hiring drew the
world’s attention. But at a mo-
ment when Google and Face-
book, either of which Yahoo
might once have been able to buy,
are roaring ahead, there is still no
clear sense of what Yahoo should
be. Supporters of Ms. Mayer say
the company would be in worse
shape without her.
Statistics released this week by
eMarketer, a research firm,
showed just how much Yahoo
was struggling.
In 2015, Yahoo captured $3.37
billion in digital ad revenue
worldwide, or 2 percent of the
market, eMarketer estimated.
That is down from a 2.4 percent
share in 2014. Mobile ads were
equally dismal.
In search, Yahoo is barely hold-
ing its own. It will capture 2.1 per-
cent of the $94.07 billion world-
wide search market this year, the
same share as in 2015, eMarketer
said.
DANIEL ACKER/BLOOMBERG
Zurich after reports that the com-
panies were near a deal. In Unit-
ed States trading, shares of Mon-
santo fell 2.9 percent.
Syngenta declined to comment
on Tuesday; ChemChina did not
respond to a request for com-
ment.
Regarding Valeant, the Demo-
cratic staff memo says the com-
pany identified the revenue goals
for Isuprel and Nitropress and
raised the prices to reach those
goals.
Before buying the two drugs in
February 2015, the company
hired a pricing consultant who
concluded that there was ample
room to raise the price because
previous big price increases had
not dampened use.
One internal presentation
showed that Isuprel and Nitro-
press had combined “2015 plan
revenue” of about $525 million,
up from $153 million in 2014 under
the previous owner. The explana-
tion for the big increase was “ag-
gressive pricing through consult-
ant recommendation.” 
One email that got attention on
Wall Street was sent May 21, 2015,
from Mr. Schiller, who was then
the chief financial officer, to J. Mi-
chael Pearson, Valeant’s chief ex-
ecutive. Mr. Schiller said that
price hikes accounted for 60 per-
cent of Valeant’s growth in the
first quarter of 2015, or 80 percent
if the company counted the con-
tribution from the two heart
drugs it had just acquired.
That seemed to contradict
comments made by Mr. Pearson
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
on a conference call announcing
first quarter earnings, where he
said, “Volume was greater than
price in terms of our growth.”
A spokeswoman for Valeant
said that when the company talks
about this issue it refers to or-
ganic growth, excluding acquisi-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
tions.
The company, which has taken
big price increases on other prod-
ucts besides the two heart drugs,
has been saying recently that it
will rely on volume growth in the
future. Mr. Pearson is on medical
leave after the company said he
was hospitalized with severe
pneumonia just before Christ-
mas.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N B9

MARKET GAUGES
S.&P.
500
D 1,903.03
–36.35
DOW
INDUSTRIALS
D 16,153.54
–295.64
NASDAQ
COMPOSITE
D 4,516.95
–103.42
10-YEAR
TREASURY YIELD D
1.85%
–0.10 OIL D
CRUDE $29.88
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GOLD
(N.Y.)
D $1,127.30
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THE
EURO
U $1.0912
+$0.0019

Standard & Poor’s 500-Stock Index 3-MONTH TREND Nasdaq Composite Index 3-MONTH TREND Dow Jones Industrial Average 3-MONTH TREND

5,200
18,000
2,100
0% 5,000 0% 0%

2,000 17,000
– 5% 4,800 – 5% – 5%

1,900 4,600 16,000

–10% –10% –10%

1,800 4,400
–15% –15% 15,000 –15%
Nov. Dec. Jan. Nov. Dec. Jan. Nov. Dec. Jan.

When the index follows a white line, it is changing at a constant pace; when it moves into a lighter band, the rate of change is faster.

STOCK MARKET INDEXES MOST ACTIVE, GAINERS AND LOSERS

% 52-Wk YTD % 52-Wk YTD % Volume % Volume % Volume
Index Close Chg Chg % Chg % Chg Index Close Chg Chg % Chg % Chg Stock (TICKER) Close Chg Chg (100) Stock (TICKER) Close Chg Chg (100) Stock (TICKER) Close Chg Chg (100)

DOW JONES NASDAQ 20 MOST ACTIVE 20 TOP GAINERS 20 TOP LOSERS

Industrials 16153.54 ◊ 295.64 ◊ 1.80 ◊ 6.96 ◊ 7.30 Nasdaq 100 4193.10 ◊ 93.46 ◊ 2.18 + 0.11 ◊ 8.71 Bank of Ameri (BAC) 13.23 ◊0.73 ◊5.2 1467125 CN Customer (CCRC) 9.68 +2.53 +35.4 638 Plantronics (PLT) 32.55 ◊12.21 ◊27.3 25218
Transportation 6764.16 ◊ 204.67 ◊ 2.94 ◊ 22.91 ◊ 9.92 Composite 4516.95 ◊ 103.42 ◊ 2.24 ◊ 3.42 ◊ 9.79 Facebook (FB) 114.61 ◊0.48 ◊0.4 596892 PacBio (PACB) 12.67 +2.48 +24.3 85996 Integrated D (IDTI) 18.67 ◊6.83 ◊26.8 253941
Utilities 618.63 + 2.20 + 0.36 ◊ 3.27 + 7.06 Industrials 3734.95 ◊ 90.28 ◊ 2.36 ◊ 0.26 ◊ 8.93 Ford Motor (F) 11.51 ◊0.56 ◊4.6 555972 Michael Kors (KORS) 50.11 +9.67 +23.9 285196 Rent-A-Cente (RCII) 9.89 ◊3.39 ◊25.5 78063
Banks 2509.07 ◊ 60.91 ◊ 2.37 + 0.40 ◊ 12.06 Microsoft (MSFT) 53.00 ◊1.71 ◊3.1 553878 LoJack (LOJN) 6.42 +1.06 +19.8 48055 Axovant Scie (AXON) 13.66 ◊2.99 ◊18.0 17662
Composite 5638.32 ◊ 98.14 ◊ 1.71 ◊ 11.09 ◊ 5.69
Pfizer (PFE) 30.14 ◊0.03 ◊0.1 481996 Westmoreland (WLB) 6.46 +0.90 +16.2 6214 ADT (ADT) 24.94 ◊4.63 ◊15.7 116388
Insurance 6815.90 ◊ 125.77 ◊ 1.81 + 3.78 ◊ 5.65 41.15
GE (GE) 28.24 ◊0.40 ◊1.4 400633 Mattel (MAT) 30.46 +3.70 +13.8 286481 Anixter Intl (AXE) ◊7.63 ◊15.6 10576
STANDARD AND POOR’S Other Finance 4998.74 ◊ 107.57 ◊ 2.11 ◊ 9.88 ◊ 10.46 Apple (AAPL) 94.48 ◊1.95 ◊2.0 371882 Intrative In (ININ) 27.03 +3.24 +13.6 7291 Royal Carib C (RCL) 71.70 ◊12.82 ◊15.2 206129
100 Stocks 851.09 ◊ 15.53 ◊ 1.79 ◊ 4.19 ◊ 6.62 Telecommunications 222.30 ◊ 6.17 ◊ 2.70 ◊ 15.97 ◊ 11.42 Cisco System (CSCO) 22.83 ◊0.65 ◊2.8 361947 Fabrinet (FN) 28.02 +2.93 +11.7 23167 CombiMatrix (CBMX) 5.79 ◊1.01 ◊14.9 262
500 Stocks 1903.03 ◊ 36.35 ◊ 1.87 ◊ 5.83 ◊ 6.89 Computer 2440.32 ◊ 48.57 ◊ 1.95 + 1.97 ◊ 6.36 Yahoo! (YHOO) 29.06 ◊0.51 ◊1.7 355350 Balchem (BCPC) 63.07 +6.49 +11.5 4218 Waddell Reed (WDR) 22.69 ◊3.81 ◊14.4 44882
Mid-Cap 400 1289.11 ◊ 27.84 ◊ 2.11 ◊ 10.92 ◊ 7.83 Twitter (TWTR) 16.08 ◊1.83 ◊10.2 317395 NHTC (NHTC) 22.61 +2.27 +11.2 8655 Bristow Group (BRS) 20.13 ◊3.36 ◊14.3 7984
Small-Cap 600 615.17 ◊ 12.67 ◊ 2.02 ◊ 9.26 ◊ 8.42 OTHER INDEXES Citigroup (C) 40.42 ◊2.06 ◊4.8 313570 MFLEX (MFLX) 18.87 +1.72 +10.0 3823 Pitney Bowes (PBI) 16.75 ◊2.70 ◊13.9 59126
American Exch 2051.30 ◊ 27.80 ◊ 1.34 ◊ 16.90 ◊ 4.55 Kinder Morgan (KMI) 14.65 ◊0.54 ◊3.6 294396 Littelfuse (LFUS) 111.60 +9.28 +9.1 2831 Boot Barn Hl (BOOT) 5.53 ◊0.88 ◊13.7 21407
NEW YORK Wilshire 5000 19524.15 ◊ 393.69 ◊ 1.98 ◊ 8.38 ◊ 7.77 AT&T (T) 36.06 ◊0.12 ◊0.3 291467 Cellular (CBMG) 16.11 +1.30 +8.8 1091 DSP Group (DSPG) 8.41 ◊1.27 ◊13.1 2524
Mattel (MAT) 30.46 +3.70 +13.8 286481 Nimble Stora (NMBL) 6.96 +0.49 +7.6 18339 Ferrari (RACE) 34.98 ◊4.95 ◊12.4 74846
STOCK EXCHANGE Value Line Arith 3963.21 ◊ 102.73 ◊ 2.53 ◊ 13.92 ◊ 9.07
Michael Kors (KORS) 50.11 +9.67 +23.9 285196 Voyager (VYGR) 11.91 +0.82 +7.4 362 Agios (AGIO) 37.15 ◊5.16 ◊12.2 16972
NYSE Comp. 9413.78 ◊ 202.91 ◊ 2.11 ◊ 11.77 ◊ 7.19 Russell 2000 1008.84 ◊ 23.55 ◊ 2.28 ◊ 14.18 ◊ 11.19 Regions Fincl (RF) 7.63 ◊0.31 ◊3.9 271062 Evolent Healt (EVH) 10.47 +0.63 +6.4 1283 Adv Drainage (WMS) 20.09 ◊2.76 ◊12.1 6657
Tech/Media/Telecom 6900.54 ◊ 140.06 ◊ 1.99 ◊ 8.06 ◊ 3.73 Phila Gold & Silver 46.25 ◊ 1.11 ◊ 2.34 ◊ 42.45 + 2.10 Wells Fargo (WFC) 48.83 ◊1.11 ◊2.2 255870 Middleburg F (MBRG) 20.96 +1.24 +6.3 129 Inotek Pharm (ITEK) 6.42 ◊0.87 ◊11.9 2993
Energy 8509.17 ◊ 344.69 ◊ 3.89 ◊ 30.95 ◊ 8.93 Phila Semiconductor 595.70 ◊ 20.90 ◊ 3.39 ◊ 9.08 ◊ 10.22 Integrated D (IDTI) 18.67 ◊6.83 ◊26.8 253941 TimkenSteel (TMST) 7.81 +0.45 +6.1 20667 Eros (EROS) 8.95 ◊1.17 ◊11.6 5194
Financial 5539.94 ◊ 165.15 ◊ 2.89 ◊ 13.28 ◊ 12.14 KBW Bank 61.20 ◊ 2.05 ◊ 3.24 ◊ 10.24 ◊ 16.26 Intel (INTC) 29.80 ◊1.02 ◊3.3 249686 UDF IV (UDF) 10.53 +0.60 +6.0 1329 Walter Invst (WAC) 9.00 ◊1.16 ◊11.4 4260
Healthcare 11643.52 ◊ 154.70 ◊ 1.31 ◊ 4.46 ◊ 5.99 Phila Oil Service 136.90 ◊ 7.14 ◊ 4.96 ◊ 29.80 ◊ 13.21 GM (GM) 29.65 ◊0.46 ◊1.5 237313 Dow (DOW) 45.03 +2.45 +5.8 164098 Versartis (VSAR) 10.10 ◊1.29 ◊11.3 1887

S&P 100 STOCKS

52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD 52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD 52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD 52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD
Stock (TICKER) Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg Stock (TICKER) Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg Stock (TICKER) Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg Stock (TICKER) Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
3M (MMM) 134.00 170.50 147.87 ◊ 0.86 ◊ 10.07 ◊ 1.8 Chevron (CVX) 69.58 112.93 81.24 ◊ 4.05 ◊ 23.40 ◊ 9.7 Home Depot (HD) 92.17 135.47 125.27 ◊ 1.24 + 19.96 ◊ 5.3 Priceline (PCLN) 994 1477 1067 ◊ 18.08 + 5.31 ◊ 16.3
Abbott (ABT) 36.00 51.74 37.88 ◊ 0.57 ◊ 16.25 ◊ 15.7 Cisco Syst (CSCO) 22.47 30.31 22.83 ◊ 0.65 ◊ 14.91 ◊ 15.9 Honeywell (HON) 87.00 107.41 100.66 ◊ 2.22 + 0.89 ◊ 2.8 Procter Ga (PG) 65.02 86.78 80.22 ◊ 0.90 ◊ 5.76 + 1.0
AbbVie (ABBV) 45.45 71.60 53.95 ◊ 0.44 ◊ 11.12 ◊ 8.9 Citigroup (C) 39.44 60.95 40.42 ◊ 2.06 ◊ 15.30 ◊ 21.9 IBM (IBM) 118.00 176.30 122.94 ◊ 1.89 ◊ 20.51 ◊ 10.7 Qualcomm (QCOM) 42.88 74.09 43.15 ◊ 2.96 ◊ 34.15 ◊ 13.7
Accenture (ACN) 83.47 109.86 103.82 ◊ 2.46 + 20.96 ◊ 0.7 Coca- Cola (KO) 36.56 43.91 42.44 ◊ 0.56 + 2.04 ◊ 1.2 Intel (INTC) 24.87 35.59 29.80 ◊ 1.02 ◊ 11.44 ◊ 13.5 Raytheon (RTN) 95.32 129.99 125.44 ◊ 0.11 + 21.34 + 0.7
AIG (AIG) 49.01 64.93 55.33 ◊ 0.96 + 9.65 ◊ 10.7 Colgate (CL) 50.84 71.56 65.36 ◊ 0.84 ◊ 5.26 ◊ 1.9 Johnson&Jo (JNJ) 81.79 105.49 103.41 ◊ 0.96 + 2.56 + 0.7 Schlumberg (SLB) 59.60 95.13 68.84 ◊ 2.62 ◊ 18.67 ◊ 1.3
Allergan (AGN) 237.50 340.34 279.68 ◊ 3.02 + 4.44 ◊ 10.5 Comcast (CMCSA) 50.01 64.99 54.59 ◊ 1.22 + 1.45 ◊ 3.3 JPMorgan (JPM) 50.07 70.61 57.03 ◊ 1.83 + 2.81 ◊ 13.6 Simon Prop (SPG) 170.99 208.14 186.11 ◊ 1.82 ◊ 6.67 ◊ 4.3
Allstate (ALL) 54.12 72.87 59.97 ◊ 0.56 ◊ 15.43 ◊ 3.4 ConocoPhil (COP) 32.71 70.11 36.59 ◊ 2.01 ◊ 44.37 ◊ 21.6 Kinder Mor (KMI) 11.20 44.71 14.65 ◊ 0.54 ◊ 64.80 ◊ 1.8 Southern C (SO) 41.40 51.14 49.63 ◊ 0.27 ◊ 2.26 + 6.1
Alphabet (GOOGL) 521.72 810.35 780.91 + 10.14 + 46.73 + 0.4 Costco Who (COST) 117.03 169.73 148.50 ◊ 2.75 + 5.08 ◊ 8.1 Lockheed (LMT) 181.91 227.91 210.45 + 0.65 + 11.16 ◊ 3.1 Starbucks (SBUX) 42.05 99.20 60.70 ◊ 0.71 + 37.96 + 1.1
Alphabet (GOOG) 515.18 789.87 764.65 + 12.65 N.A. N.A. CVS Health (CVS) 81.37 113.65 94.94 ◊ 2.38 ◊ 4.21 ◊ 2.9 Lowes (LOW) 64.22 78.13 71.87 ◊ 0.79 + 5.06 ◊ 5.5 Synchrony (SYF) 26.28 36.40 27.01 ◊ 1.46 ◊ 13.32 ◊ 11.2
Altria Gro (MO) 47.31 61.74 60.49 ◊ 0.45 + 12.43 + 3.9 Devon Ener (DVN) 19.69 70.48 24.69 ◊ 1.37 ◊ 60.71 ◊ 22.8 MasterCard (MA) 74.61 101.76 85.93 ◊ 2.70 + 3.56 ◊ 11.7 Target (TGT) 66.46 85.81 73.31 + 0.48 ◊ 1.27 + 1.0
Amazon.com (AMZN) 350.01 696.44 552.10 ◊ 22.71 + 51.48 ◊ 18.3 Dow (DOW) 35.11 57.10 45.03 + 2.45 ◊ 0.42 ◊ 12.5 McDonalds (MCD) 87.50 124.83 123.95 ◊ 0.66 + 33.99 + 4.9 Texas Inst (TXN) 43.49 59.99 50.64 ◊ 2.19 ◊ 5.33 ◊ 7.6
American E (AXP) 52.15 86.18 53.66 ◊ 1.04 ◊ 34.66 ◊ 22.9 Du Pont (DD) 47.11 80.65 56.18 + 2.88 ◊ 17.41 ◊ 15.7 Medtronic (MDT) 55.54 79.50 76.51 ◊ 0.34 + 5.15 ◊ 0.5 Time Warne (TWX) 62.94 91.34 70.52 ◊ 1.83 ◊ 10.27 + 9.1
Amgen (AMGN) 130.09 181.81 150.11 ◊ 2.64 ◊ 1.57 ◊ 7.5 Eli Lilly (LLY) 68.31 92.85 76.30 ◊ 2.10 + 6.43 ◊ 9.5 Merck & Co (MRK) 45.69 61.70 50.41 ◊ 0.34 ◊ 17.20 ◊ 4.6 Twenty-Fir (FOX) 22.85 34.81 26.06 ◊ 1.05 ◊ 19.72 ◊ 4.3
Anadarko P (APC) 28.16 95.94 39.26 + 1.01 ◊ 52.57 ◊ 19.2 EMC US (EMC) 22.66 29.24 24.30 ◊ 0.22 ◊ 8.06 ◊ 5.4 MetLife (MET) 40.77 58.23 42.76 ◊ 1.52 ◊ 10.66 ◊ 11.3 Twenty-Fir (FOXA) 22.81 35.85 26.00 ◊ 0.97 ◊ 23.01 ◊ 4.3
Apple (AAPL) 92.00 134.54 94.48 ◊ 1.95 ◊ 20.36 ◊ 10.2 Emerson El (EMR) 41.25 62.75 45.84 + 0.34 ◊ 22.27 ◊ 4.2 Microsoft (MSFT) 39.72 56.85 53.00 ◊ 1.71 + 28.39 ◊ 4.5 Union Paci (UNP) 67.06 124.52 71.71 ◊ 1.38 ◊ 39.74 ◊ 8.3
AT&T (T) 30.97 36.45 36.06 ◊ 0.12 + 7.45 + 4.8 Exelon (EXC) 25.09 36.99 30.14 + 0.14 ◊ 16.39 + 8.5 Mondelez I (MDLZ) 33.97 48.58 41.95 ◊ 0.78 + 17.31 ◊ 6.5 United Par (UPS) 87.30 107.32 94.69 + 0.61 ◊ 5.43 ◊ 1.6
Bank of Am (BAC) 12.94 18.48 13.23 ◊ 0.73 ◊ 14.42 ◊ 21.4 Exxon Mobi (XOM) 66.55 93.45 74.59 ◊ 1.70 ◊ 16.73 ◊ 4.3 Monsanto (MON) 81.22 126.00 87.36 ◊ 2.77 ◊ 26.51 ◊ 11.3 UnitedHeal (UNH) 95.00 126.21 113.88 ◊ 2.01 + 6.14 ◊ 3.2
Berkshire (BRKb) 123.90 151.63 125.70 ◊ 2.96 ◊ 14.33 ◊ 4.8 Facebook (FB) 72.00 117.59 114.61 ◊ 0.48 + 52.83 + 9.5 Morgan Sta (MS) 24.39 41.04 24.50 ◊ 1.21 ◊ 28.82 ◊ 23.0 US Bancorp (USB) 37.97 46.26 38.75 ◊ 1.05 ◊ 9.31 ◊ 9.2
Biogen (BIIB) 254.00 480.18 266.06 ◊ 7.39 ◊ 31.78 ◊ 13.2 FedEx (FDX) 119.71 185.19 130.15 ◊ 2.16 ◊ 24.00 ◊ 12.7 Nike (NKE) 45.35 68.19 62.55 ◊ 0.61 + 36.10 + 0.1 UTC (UTX) 83.39 124.45 85.42 ◊ 2.14 ◊ 26.73 ◊ 11.1
BlackRock (BLK) 275.00 382.84 301.21 ◊ 11.04 ◊ 13.36 ◊ 11.5 Ford Motor (F) 10.44 16.74 11.51 ◊ 0.56 ◊ 24.62 ◊ 18.3 Norfolk So (NSC) 66.46 112.05 66.60 ◊ 3.59 ◊ 35.98 ◊ 21.3 Verizon (VZ) 38.06 51.02 49.91 ◊ 0.85 + 6.24 + 8.0
Boeing (BA) 115.02 158.83 117.52 ◊ 4.04 ◊ 19.65 ◊ 18.7 GE (GE) 19.37 31.49 28.24 ◊ 0.40 + 16.65 ◊ 9.3 Occidental (OXY) 58.24 83.74 65.48 ◊ 1.08 ◊ 18.31 ◊ 3.2 Visa (V) 60.00 278.65 73.40 ◊ 0.98 + 14.98 ◊ 5.4
BONY Mello (BK) 34.06 45.45 34.29 ◊ 1.21 ◊ 6.49 ◊ 16.8 General Dy (GD) 121.61 153.76 133.53 ◊ 0.09 ◊ 1.90 ◊ 2.8 Oracle (ORCL) 33.13 45.24 35.35 ◊ 0.97 ◊ 17.17 ◊ 3.2 Wal Mart (WMT) 56.30 88.00 66.86 ◊ 0.64 ◊ 21.99 + 9.1
Bristol-My (BMY) 51.82 70.87 58.87 ◊ 1.95 ◊ 2.26 ◊ 14.4 Gilead Sci (GILD) 81.89 123.37 82.71 ◊ 1.35 ◊ 22.12 ◊ 18.3 PayPal Hld (PYPL) 30.00 42.55 36.83 ◊ 0.25 N.A. + 1.7 Walgreens (WBA) 73.00 97.30 78.00 ◊ 2.07 + 4.15 ◊ 8.4
Capital On (COF) 58.49 92.10 63.21 ◊ 1.80 ◊ 15.06 ◊ 12.4 GM (GM) 24.62 38.99 29.65 ◊ 0.46 ◊ 10.45 ◊ 12.8 PepsiCo (PEP) 76.48 103.44 98.21 ◊ 0.82 + 3.02 ◊ 1.7 Walt Disne (DIS) 90.00 122.08 93.12 ◊ 2.03 + 1.29 ◊ 11.4
Caterpilla (CAT) 56.36 89.62 60.67 ◊ 2.03 ◊ 24.95 ◊ 10.7 Goldman Sa (GS) 150.16 218.77 151.70 ◊ 7.95 ◊ 13.56 ◊ 15.8 Pfizer (PFE) 28.47 36.46 30.14 ◊ 0.03 ◊ 4.77 ◊ 6.6 Wells Farg (WFC) 46.88 58.77 48.83 ◊ 1.11 ◊ 7.54 ◊ 10.2
Celgene (CELG) 92.98 140.72 96.85 ◊ 3.95 ◊ 18.32 ◊ 19.1 Halliburto (HAL) 27.64 50.20 30.52 ◊ 1.10 ◊ 26.48 ◊ 10.3 PMI (PM) 75.27 90.31 89.35 ◊ 0.06 + 9.46 + 1.6

Prices shown are for regular trading for the New York Stock Exchange and the American Stock Exchange which runs from 9:30 a.m., Eastern time, through the close of the Pacific Exchange, at 4:30 p.m. For the Nasdaq stock market, it is through 4 p.m. Close Last trade of the day in regular trading. + – indicates stocks
· or ·
that reached a new 52-week high or low. Change Difference between last trade and previous day’s price in regular trading. „ or ‰ indicates stocks that rose or fell at least 4 percent. ” indicates stocks that traded 1 percent or more of their outstanding shares. n Stock was a new issue in the last year.

FINRA TRACE CORPORATE BOND DATA GOVERNMENT BONDS

Yields 52-Week Total Returns Market Breadth Yield Curve Key Rates Most Recent Issues
FINRA-BLOOMBERG FINRA-BLOOMBERG All Investment High Yest. 1-mo. ago 1-yr. ago 10-year Treas. Prime Rate
CORPORATE BOND INDEXES CORPORATE BOND INDEXES Issues Grade Yield Conv 2-year Treas. Fed Funds Mat. Date Rate Bid Ask Chg Yield
4% 4%
10% high yield +8.78% + 5% invest. gr. –2.72% Total Issues Traded 7,014 4,887 1,918 209 T-BILLS
Advances 3,558 2,904 589 65 3-mo. May 16 ◊ ◊ 0.35 0.34 +0.04 0.31
Declines 3,086 1,800 1,152 134 3 3 6-mo. Aug 16 ◊ ◊ 0.46 0.45 +0.01 0.45
8 Unchanged 128 47 74 7
0 52 Week High 146 113 32 1 BONDS & NOTES
52 Week Low 519 292 201 26 2 2 2-yr. Jan 18 } ◊ 100.02 100.02 +0.12 0.80
Dollar Volume* 29,293 18,949 9,391 952 5-yr. Jan 21 1] ◊ 100.48 100.49 +0.45 1.37
6 10-yr. Nov 25 2ü ◊ 103.55 103.56 +0.89 1.95
– 5 End of day data. Activity as reported to FINRA TRACE. 30-yr. Nov 45 3.000 ◊ 106.94 106.97 +2.17 2.76
Market breadth represents activity in all TRACE eligible 1 1
4 publicly traded securities. Shown below are the most TREASURY INFLATION BONDS
active fixed-coupon bonds ranked by par value traded.
5-yr. Apr 20 [ ◊ 100.24 100.32 +0.16 0.11
–10 Investment grade or high-yield is determined using 0 Maturity 0 10-yr. Jan 26 | ◊ 101.16 101.31 +0.47 0.55
2 credit ratings as outlined in FINRA rules. “C” – Yield is
20-yr. Jan 29 2ø ◊ 121.41 121.69 +0.94 0.83
unavailable because of issue’s call criteria. 3 6 2 5 10 30 2015 30-yr. Feb 45 } ◊ 90.94 91.26 +1.46 1.18
*Par value in millions.
0 invest. grade +4.15% –15 high yield –10.76% Source: FINRA TRACE data. Reference information from Source: Thomson Reuters
Reuters DataScope Data. Credit ratings from Moody’s,
Months Years Source: Thomson Reuters
2015 2015 Standard & Poor’s and Fitch.

FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Most Active Foreign Currency Dollars in Foreign Currency Dollars in
Credit Rating Price
Issuer Name (SYMBOL) Coupon% Maturity Moody’s S&P Fitch High Low Last Chg Yld% in Dollars Foreign Currency in Dollars Foreign Currency

AMERICAS ASIA/PACIFIC
INVESTMENT GRADE
Argentina (Peso) .0708 14.1310 One Dollar in Euros Australia (Dollar) .7048 1.4188
One Dollar in Yen
General Elec Cap Corp Medium Term Nts Bo (GE) 3.250 Aug’20 A1 AA+ NR 106.171 105.671 106.171 106.171 1.812 Bolivia (Boliviano) .1458 6.8600 1.00 euros $1 = 0.9164 China (Yuan) .1520 6.5795 126 yen $1 = 119.97
Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD) 3.650 Feb’26 NR A– 103.799 101.000 101.000 –1.624 3.528 Brazil (Real) .2507 3.9888 Hong Kong (Dollar) .1282 7.7982
Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD) 4.900 Feb’46 NR A– 105.200 103.625 104.482 1.001 4.620 Canada (Dollar) .7129 1.4027 India (Rupee) .0147 67.9523
Morgan Stanley (MS.ADJ) 3.800 Apr’16 A3 BBB+ A 100.709 100.174 100.709 0.004 0.749 Chile (Peso) .0014 713.90 0.95 Japan (Yen) .0083 119.97
124
Microsoft Corp (MSFT) 2.000 Nov’20 Aaa AAA AA+ 102.074 100.872 101.096 0.192 1.754 Colombia (Peso) .0003 3389.7 Malaysia (Ringgit) .2378 4.2050
Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD) 4.700 Feb’36 NR A– 104.739 101.818 102.353 0.793 4.517 Dom. Rep. (Peso) .0220 45.5300 122
New Zealand (Dollar) .6481 1.5430
At&t Inc (T) 4.125 Feb’26 Baa1 A– 102.432 99.970 100.707 0.659 N.A.
Microsoft Corp (MSFT) 1.300 Nov’18 Aaa AAA AA+ 100.312 100.145 100.226 0.019 1.216
El Salvador (Colon) .1146 8.7222 0.90 Pakistan (Rupee) .0095 104.75
Guatemala (Quetzal) .1305 7.6620 Philippines (Peso) .0209 47.9000 120
Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD) 2.650 Feb’21 NR A– 102.286 100.624 100.887 0.414 2.457
Honduras (Lempira) .0448 22.3300 Singapore (Dollar) .6999 1.4287
General Mtrs Finl Co Inc (GM) 4.750 Aug’17 Ba1 BBB– BBB– 103.400 102.808 103.400 0.577 2.468
Mexico (Peso) .0541 18.4900 0.85 So. Korea (Won) .0008 1211.7
118
Nicaragua (Cordoba) .0369 27.1000 Taiwan (Dollar) .0298 33.5310
HIGH YIELD Paraguay (Guarani) .0002 5857.0 Thailand (Baht) .0279 35.8200
Energy Xxi Gulf Coast Inc (EXXI.AD) 9.250 Dec’17 Ca CCC– CCC– 6.600 0.125 0.125 –5.875 1185.318 Peru (New Sol) .2865 3.4900 0.80 Vietnam (Dong) .00004 22285 116
Energy Partners Ltd (EXXI) 8.250 Feb’18 Ca CCC NR 3.500 0.250 0.250 –9.750 1545.228 Uruguay (New Peso) .0322 31.0200
Intelsat Jackson Hldgs S A (I) 6.625 Dec’22 Caa1 CCC+ NR 64.750 64.125 64.125 –0.875 15.227 Venezuela (Bolivar) .1591 6.2842 2015 2015
MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
Quiksilver Inc and Qs Wholesale Inc (ZQK) 10.000 Aug’20 C D NR 8.125 6.625 8.125 1.875 N.A. Bahrain (Dinar) 2.6594 .3760
Penn Virginia Corporation Depository Sha (PVA) 8.500 May’20 Ca CC NR 13.250 12.870 13.070 –3.180 90.269 EUROPE Lebanon (Pound) .0007 1507.1
Norway (Krone) .1148 8.7123 Egypt (Pound) .1277 7.8300
Dish Dbs Corp (DISH) 5.875 Nov’24 Ba3 BB– BB– 88.250 87.500 88.125 –0.500 7.764 Britain (Pound) 1.4414 .6938 Saudi Arabia (Riyal) .2667 3.7490
Poland (Zloty) .2475 4.0400 Iran (Rial) .00003 30183
Tenet Healthcare Corp (THC) 8.125 Apr’22 B3 CCC+ B– 100.250 99.000 99.625 –0.750 8.200 So. Africa (Rand) .0617 16.2147
Czech Rep (Koruna) .0404 24.7390 Russia (Ruble) .0125 79.8293 Israel (Shekel) .2524 3.9616
Sprint Nextel Corp (SFTBF) 6.000 Dec’16 Caa1 B+ B+ 100.156 99.230 99.670 0.170 6.405 U.A.E (Dirham) .2723 3.6726
Denmark (Krone) .1462 6.8377 Sweden (Krona) .1168 8.5608 Jordan (Dinar) 1.4134 .7075
Chs / Cmnty Health Sys Inc (CYH) 7.125 Jul’20 B3 B– B+ 96.063 95.688 95.750 –0.750 8.286
Europe (Euro) 1.0912 .9164 Switzerland (Franc) .9823 1.0180 Kenya (Shilling) .0098 102.25
Tenet Healthcare Corp (THC) 6.750 Jun’23 B3 CCC+ B– 94.400 91.938 92.125 –0.875 8.193 Prices as of 4:45 p.m. Eastern Time.
Hungary (Forint) .0035 285.74 Turkey (Lira) .3388 2.9515 Kuwait (Dinar) 3.3069 .3024
Source: Thomson Reuters
CONVERTIBLES
Priceline Group Inc (PCLN) 0.900 Sep’21 NR 96.890 96.449 96.450 –0.488 1.563
Sandisk Corp (SNDK) 0.500 Oct’20 NR BB+ NR 102.742 100.120 102.531 –0.449 –0.039
Wellpoint Inc (ANTM)
Peabody Energy Corp (BTU.GH)
2.750
4.750
Oct’42
Dec’66
NR
C
A
CC
BBB
CC
175.924
3.000
173.000
1.000
175.319
3.000
–1.681
0.075
–0.052
151.841
FUTURES
Nvidia Corp (NVDA) 1.000 Dec’18 NR BB+ NR 147.188 142.700 145.307 –6.494 –12.004 Monetary
Proofpoint Inc (PFPT) 1.250 Dec’18 NR NR NR 133.814 132.938 132.970 –4.783 –8.655 units per Lifetime Open Crude Oil
Future Exchange quantity High Low Date Open High Low Settle Change Interest $70 $29.88 a barrel
Workday Inc (WDAY) 1.500 Jul’20 NR NR NR 106.294 105.514 105.514 –2.479 0.252
Spirit Rlty Cap Inc New (SRC) 2.875 May’19 NR NR NR 97.330 95.875 96.994 0.744 3.859 Corn CBT ¢/bushel 512.00 348.50 Mar 16 371.25 373.75 369.00 372.50 + 1.25 588,307
Priceline Group Inc (PCLN) 0.350 Jun’20 NR BBB+ NR 111.200 110.000 111.200 0.089 –2.089 Soybeans CBT ¢/bushel 1210.75 847.00 Mar 16 880.25 889.50 878.25 886.25 + 5.50 296,117
Ctrip Com Intl Ltd (CTRP) 1.250 Oct’18 NR NR NR 122.329 121.802 122.044 –3.612 –6.146 Wheat CBT ¢/bushel 768.00 456.00 Mar 16 475.75 483.00 473.25 475.25 0.00 208,609 60
Live Cattle CME ¢/lb 159.50 123.05 Apr 16 134.40 135.08 134.10 134.75 + 0.32 115,835
Hogs-Lean CME ¢/lb 78.00 59.23 Apr 16 70.05 70.28 69.00 69.10 ◊ 1.60 74,993 50
Cocoa NYBOT $/ton 3429.00 2650.00 Mar 16 2852.00 2858.00 2753.00 2761.00 ◊ 107.00 70,320
Coffee NYBOT ¢/lb 230.75 111.05 Mar 16 117.45 120.50 116.75 119.85 + 2.10 81,295
Sugar-World NYBOT ¢/lb 20.13 11.28 Mar 16 12.83 13.12 12.66 12.99 + 0.16 283,870 40
CONSUMER RATES ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Yesterday Gold COMX $/oz 1308.00 1046.60 Apr 16 1128.50 1131.50 1122.60 1127.30 ◊ 0.80 267,790
Change from last week Silver COMX $/oz 18.09 13.62 Mar 16 14.35 14.41 14.23 14.29 ◊ 0.05 104,561 30
Hi Grade Copper COMX $/lb 3.13 1.94 Mar 16 2.06 2.09 2.04 2.06 0.00 120,818
Up Flat Down
1-year range
Light Sweet Crude NYMX $/bbl 93.15 27.56 Mar 16 31.37 31.53 29.57 29.88 ◊ 1.74 595,921 20
Heating Oil NYMX $/gal 2.85 0.86 Mar 16 1.04 1.05 0.99 1.01 ◊ 0.03 101,409
Natural Gas NYMX $/mil.btu 7.11 1.91 Mar 16 2.14 2.14 1.98 2.03 ◊ 0.13 276,527 2015
Home Year
Mortgages Tuesday
Friday Ago 0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5-YEAR HISTORY Key to exchanges: CBT-Chicago Board of Trade. CME-Chicago Mercantile Exchange. CMX-Comex division of NYM. KC-Kansas City Board of Trade. NYBOT-New York Board of
Trade. NYM-New York Mercantile Exchange. Open interest is the number of contracts outstanding.
Federal funds 0.38% 0.12% Source: Thomson Reuters
Industrial Production +6%
Prime rate 3.50 3.25 Change from
15-yr fixed 2.84 2.98 previous year
MUTUAL FUNDS SPOTLIGHT: LARGE CAPITALIZATION STOCK FUNDS
15-yr fixed jumbo 3.74 4.10 Dec. ’15 –1.8% –2
Nov. ’15 –1.3 ’11 ’15 % Total Returns Exp. Assets % Total Returns Exp. Assets
30-yr fixed 3.71 3.80 Fund Name (TICKER) Type YTD 1 Yr 5 Yr* Ratio (mil.$)
Fund Name (TICKER) Type YTD 1 Yr 5 Yr* Ratio (mil.$)
30-yr fixed jumbo 4.13 4.29 LARGEST FUNDS LEADERS
5/1 adj. rate 3.09 3.34
Consumer Confidence 120
Vanguard 500 Index Admiral(VFIAX) LB ◊6.8 ◊3.8 +10.1 0.04 146,311 Provident Trust Strategy(PROVX) LG ◊3.8 +6.5 +8.4 1.00 111
Conference Board Vanguard Total Stock Mkt Idx Adm(VTSAX) LB ◊7.5 ◊5.6 +9.6 0.04 120,312 Federated Strategic Value Dividend Ins(SVAIX) LV +1.9 +3.8 +11.9 0.80 6,124
5/1 adj. rate jumbo 3.40 3.58 survey Vanguard Institutional Index I(VINIX) LB ◊6.8 ◊3.8 +10.1 0.04 100,346 Loomis Sayles Growth Y(LSGRX) LG ◊7.0 +3.1 +12.6 0.67 1,633
1-year adj. rate 2.75 2.82 Fidelity Contrafund(FCNTX) LG ◊7.0 ◊0.5 +10.6 0.65 73,007 AB Large Cap Growth I(ALLIX) LG ◊7.3 +2.9 +12.0 0.87 180
Jan. ’16 98.1 40 American Funds Growth Fund of Amer A(AGTHX) LG ◊9.4 ◊4.3 +9.2 0.65 68,248 ClearBridge Large Cap Growth I(SBLYX) LG ◊7.6 +2.5 +12.5 0.79 506
Dodge & Cox Stock(DODGX) LV ◊9.4 ◊9.8 +8.3 0.52 54,845 T. Rowe Price US Large-Cap Core(TRULX) LB ◊6.8 +2.3 +10.9 1.14 181
Dec. ’15 96.3 ’11 ’16 American Funds Invmt Co of Amer A(AIVSX) LB ◊5.5 ◊6.2 +8.7 0.58 52,521 Thrivent Large Cap Growth A(AAAGX) LG ◊7.2 +2.3 +10.1 1.20 181
Home Equity 0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fidelity Spartan 500 Index Advtg(FUSVX) LB ◊6.8 ◊3.8 +10.1 0.05 48,827 Invesco Dividend Income Investor(FSTUX) LV ◊0.4 +2.1 +11.1 1.13 73
American Funds Washington Mutual A(AWSHX) LV ◊5.9 ◊4.2 +10.0 0.57 47,662 AB Growth A(AGRFX) LG ◊6.9 +2.1 +10.8 1.29 551
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW

$75K line good credit* 4.47% 4.03%

Inventory-Sales Ratio 2.0 American Funds Fundamental Invs A(ANCFX) LB ◊7.2 ◊2.9 +8.8 0.60 42,262 Hartford Core Equity Y(HGIYX) LB ◊5.9 +1.7 +12.7 0.50 248
$75K line excel. credit* 4.09 3.98 T. Rowe Price Growth Stock(PRGFX) LG ◊11.0 ◊2.0 +11.2 0.67 39,021 MFS Growth I(MFEIX) LG ◊6.5 +1.7 +11.3 0.70 3,040
Monthly Vanguard Instl Ttl Stk Mkt Idx InstlPl(VITPX) LB ◊7.5 ◊5.6 +9.7 0.02 36,124 Commerce Growth(CFGRX) LG ◊4.5 +1.7 +10.0 1.04 66
$75K loan good credit* 4.12 4.34 Seasonally adjusted Vanguard PRIMECAP Adm(VPMAX) LG ◊8.8 ◊5.5 +11.1 0.34 35,771
LAGGARDS
Vanguard Windsor II Admiral(VWNAX) LV ◊7.4 ◊8.1 +8.4 0.26 28,605
$75K loan excel. credit* 4.09 4.34 Nov. ’15 1.38 1.0 T. Rowe Price Blue Chip Growth(TRBCX) LG ◊10.6 ◊1.5 +12.2 0.70 27,812 Longleaf Partners(LLPFX) LB ◊9.4 ◊25.6 +2.2 0.93 3,301
Vanguard Dividend Growth Inv(VDIGX) LB ◊4.3 ◊0.3 +11.1 0.29 25,631 Artisan Value Investor(ARTLX) LV ◊8.4 ◊18.6 +4.4 1.00 303
Oct. ’15 1.38 ’11 ’15 T. Rowe Price Equity Index 500(PREIX) LB ◊6.8 ◊4.1 +9.9 0.27 24,933 Neuberger Berman Large Cap Value Adv(NBPBX) LV ◊9.5 ◊17.1 +2.5 1.20 134
Auto Loan Rates 0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 American Funds AMCAP A(AMCPX) LG ◊7.8 ◊6.4 +9.8 0.66 23,708 Fairholme(FAIRX) LV ◊13.9 ◊16.8 ◊1.6 1.03 2,869
Harbor Capital Appreciation Instl(HACAX) LG ◊10.0 ◊0.7 +11.4 0.64 22,677 Deutsche Large Cap Value A(KDCAX) LV ◊11.9 ◊16.7 +4.4 1.00 205
36-mo. used car 3.19% 3.17% Leading Indicators +8% T. Rowe Price Equity Income(PRFDX) LV ◊7.5 ◊11.5 +6.1 0.66 21,935 Oppenheimer Equity Income C(OCEIX)
Federated Clover Value A(VFCAX)
LV
LV
◊10.0
◊10.0
◊16.6
◊16.6
+4.1
+5.6
1.76
1.19
728
507
T. Rowe Price Value(TRVLX) LV ◊8.1 ◊7.2 +9.4 0.81 21,660
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

60-mo. new car 3.34 3.05 Change from Schwab S&P 500 Index(SWPPX) LB ◊6.8 ◊3.9 +10.1 0.09 21,367 Putnam Voyager B(PVOBX) LG ◊11.9 ◊16.4 +2.4 1.79 78
previous year American Funds American Mutual A(AMRMX) LV ◊4.6 ◊6.0 +8.8 0.58 20,964 Olstein All Cap Value C(OFALX) LB ◊8.8 ◊16.3 +7.1 2.26 500
ASTON/Herndon Large Cap Value I(AHRNX) LB ◊10.9 ◊16.0 NA 1.04 90
CD’s and Money Market Rates 0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Dec. ’15 +2.7% 0 Average performance for all such funds ◊7.9 ◊6.0 +8.6 Nuveen Large-Cap Value A(NNGAX) LV ◊10.0 ◊16.0 +6.6 1.12 222
Number of funds for period 1218 1218 1175 Franklin Large Cap Value A(FLVAX) LV ◊10.0 ◊15.0 +4.5 1.31 143
Nov. ’15 +3.3 ’11 ’15
Money-market 0.25% 0.39%
*Annualized. Leaders and Laggards are among funds with at least $50 million in assets, and include no more than one class of any fund. Today’s fund types: LB-Large Blend. LG-Large Growth.
$10K min. money-mkt 0.25 0.35 LV-Large Value. NA-Not Available. YTD-Year to date. Spotlight tables rotate on a 2-week basis. Source: Morningstar
New Home Sales 1.0
6-month CD 0.34 0.41
Annual rate, in millions
1-year CD 0.54 0.71 Seasonally adjusted
2-year CD 0.72 0.83 Dec. ’15 0.54 0.0 ONLINE: MORE PRICES AND ANALYSIS
5-year IRA CD 1.65 1.52 Nov. ’15 0.49 ’11 ’15
Information on all United States stocks, plus bonds, mutual funds, commodities and foreign stocks along
*Credit ratings: good, FICO score 660-749; excellent, FICO score 750-850. Source: Bankrate.com with analysis of industry sectors and stock indexes: nytimes.com/markets
B10 N

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

50
SUPER BOWL DENVER vs. CAROLINA 6:30 p.m. Sunday TV: CBS

Cam Newton’s Way Station

After transferring from Florida, the future
Heisman Trophy winner regained his
confidence at a junior college in a dusty town.

By BEN SHPIGEL
BRENHAM, Tex. — Before Cam Newton won
the Heisman Trophy, before he was drafted first
over all, before he led the Carolina Panthers to Su-
per Bowl 50, he woke up to mooing. The bovine
alarm clocks grazed in a pasture, since built over,
situated a deep spiral from his first-floor residence
in Building 5 of the College Park Apartments here.
The cows’ stirring roused Newton for manda-
tory 7 a.m. sign-ins at the Blinn College football of-
fices, before the 8 a.m. English composition and
rhetoric course, for which he wrote narrative essays
about football, and practices so intense that games
were the easiest part of his week. He stayed late to
polish routes with his receivers and then review ev-
ery throw on film before returning to the complex or
a friend’s room in Solons Hall to destroy all comers
in Madden N.F.L.
There is, as Newton discovered in 2009, nothing
glamorous about playing football for Blinn. The
locker room is small, dank and outmoded. The
bleachers at Spencer Stadium, which he and his
teammates were once tasked with painting in the
kiln of an east-central Texas summer, were deemed
unsafe, and removed in 2010. The Buccaneers now
play at Brenham High School. Basic equipment is is-
sued, but if players want visors, gloves or wrist
bands, they must buy them. CHARLIE KELM/BLINN COLLEGE

The modest facilities might have discouraged

some recruits, and the town’s remoteness — the ap-
proximate midpoint of the 165-mile stretch between
Houston and Austin along Highway 290 — might
have deterred others. But isolation and humility are
what Cecil Newton valued when he began plotting
his son’s return to big-time college football.
Like many community colleges, Blinn is a ha-
ven for talented players who arrive as reclamation
projects, sometimes after running afoul of the law or
lapsing into academic troubles. They roll in and out
of town every semester as if on a conveyor belt, re-
gaining good standing in the community and the
classroom in pursuit of Division I scholarships.
Among the other Blinn players to make it to the
N.F.L. were receiver Quincy Morgan, running back
Bernard Scott and cornerback Chris Johnson, who
won a Super Bowl with Baltimore.
Newton transferred here from Florida, where
he had been arrested in connection with a stolen
laptop and was facing another season backing up
Tim Tebow. According to N.C.A.A. rules, Newton
had to sit out a year before he could play for another
Division I team. He arrived here without a car, a
starting job or any immediate family within 850
Continued on Page B13

A Clash Unspools
Out of a Recording TAMIR KALIFA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Of Super Bowl I
By RICHARD SANDOMIR
MANTEO, N.C. — Troy Haupt is a 47-year-old
nurse anesthetist here in North Carolina’s Outer
Banks. He has a secret to reveal about Super Bowl
I: He owns the only known recording of its broad-
cast.
CBS and NBC, which televised the game, did
not preserve any tapes. But the copy that Haupt
owns — of a broadcast that launched the Super Bowl
as an enormous shared spectacle that attracts more
than 100 million viewers — might never be seen on
any network. The N.F.L. does not want
to buy the tapes and has warned Haupt
Pregame not to sell them to outside parties or
else the league will pursue legal action.
Substitution Unless the league and Haupt make
The N.F.L. re- a deal to resolve the financial differ-
places the entire ences that have privately divided them
since 2005, the tapes will stay in storage
field for Super in a former mine in upstate New York.
Bowls played on “This year had to be the year, with
natural grass, all the hype of Super Bowl 50,” Haupt
ensuring pris- said.
tine conditions. The tapes are a bizarre heirloom
Page B12. that, for decades, sat largely ignored in
the attic of his family’s three-bedroom
house in Shamokin, Pa., deteriorating
from shifting temperatures.
Haupt’s father, Martin, taped the game. Haupt
never knew him. Haupt and his mother, Beth
Rebuck, say they have no idea what he did for a liv-
ing back then. They also don’t know why he went to
work on Jan. 15, 1967, with a pair of two-inch Scotch TAMIR KALIFA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

tapes, slipped one, and then the other, into a Quad-

ruplex taping machine and recorded the Green Bay
Packers’ 35-10 win over the Kansas City Chiefs. He
told his family nothing about his day’s activity.
Continued on Page B12
Top, the Blinn College Buccaneers lined up before the junior college title game in
2009. Cam Newton wore No. 2. Newton played at Spencer Stadium, center, but
the bleachers have been declared unsafe and the team plays elsewhere. Bottom,
members of athletics programs at Blinn filmed a good-luck message for Newton.
Printed and distributed by PressReader
+1 604 278 4604 • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY • ORIGINAL COPY •

CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW

Surprising Run Puts Leicester City in Fans’ Royal Favor

LEICESTER, England brought global attention to this city in cials and documentaries have been pro- have been a novelty, an oddity, a curios- still leading some of the biggest lights in
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

Three years ago this Thursday, a
news conference was held at the Uni-
versity of Leicester to
SAM confirm that the remains
discovered beneath a city
BORDEN parking lot in 2012 were
those of King Richard III,
ON
SOCCER one of the most vilified
monarchs in history. The
finding, which involved a glorious com-
bination of science and serendipity,
England’s East Midlands, and when
Richard’s remains were reburied inside
the local Anglican cathedral last year, a
steady stream of tourists followed, too.
Hundreds of thousands of visitors
have come to the cathedral and the
nearby exhibition since then, which has
a glass-floor viewing area of the dig site
where the skeleton was unearthed.
Books have been written with Leicester
featured prominently. Television spe-
duced as well. As a guide at the cathe-
dral said, it is as if “suddenly the whole
world knows who we are.”
He laughed, then added, “Maybe soon
we might be known for something even
bigger.”
The guide was, of course, exaggerat-
ing — though perhaps not by as much
as one might initially imagine.
For the past few months, the fortunes
of the local soccer team, Leicester City,
ity. Unheralded and relatively under-
funded, the Foxes, as they are known,
have somehow spent most of this sea-
son in first place in the Premier League
ahead of teams like Arsenal and Chel-
sea and Manchester United and Man-
chester City.
Leicester City’s hot start was sup-
posed to fade in September or October.
Or maybe November. Or December. But
now that the club is still atop the table,
the game through January and on into
February, the impossible is beginning to
seem more real.
One simple, and tantalizing, question
is on the lips — and radios and televi-
sions — of everyone here: Could Leices-
ter City, which was essentially bankrupt
as recently as 2002 and playing in the
third tier of English soccer as recently
Continued on Page B14

Diminutive All-Star Finds Shoulders to Stand On
By ANDREW KEH
There are things that bother
Isaiah Thomas, things that most
N.B.A. players, most N.B.A. All-
Stars, do not ever have to worry
about.
“I’ll give you an example,”
Thomas said after lacing his
sneakers at a recent practice. “A
guy scores on me, and it’s like,
‘Oh, he’s too small, a liability.’ A
guy scores on a 6-2 guy, and it’s
like, ‘That was a good shot.’”
It seems as if it has always
been that way for Thomas, the
Boston Celtics’ 5-foot-9 point
guard, forever the smallest play-
er on the court, perpetually seek-
ing respect.
Last week, Thomas was named
a reserve for the Eastern Confer-
ence All-Star team. The selection
was another moment of valida-
tion, another example of how he
has embraced the doubters to use
as motivation.
“You do the same thing that a
guy who’s 6-1 or 6-2 does, but
there’s still always a question,”
Thomas said. “No matter what
level you’re at, it’s always ‘Well,
he probably can’t do that at the
next level.’ Why is it always a
question?”
Being a small player can be a
burden in the N.B.A., but it also
enters you into a small fraternity.
Out of the thousands of players to
have appeared in an N.B.A.
game, only 23 were 5 feet 9 or
shorter, and only 11 appeared in
more than 100 games.
Thomas, 26, said one motivat-
ing factor was dispelling for
younger players the notion that
short guards cannot contribute.
And in the same way, he acknowl-
edged a debt to the undersize
men who played before him.
Muggsy Bogues, at 5-3 the
shortest player in the league’s
history, has become a mentor
and sounding board of sorts for
Thomas since the two met years
ago, when Thomas was still at the
University of Washington.
Bogues said they spoke on the
phone often when Thomas, who
was drafted by the Sacramento
Kings and had a brief stint with
the Phoenix Suns, was traded to
the Celtics last year and was un-
sure how the move would work
out.
“He was coming off the bench,
and he was feeling some kind of
way about that,” Bogues said. “I
said: ‘Keep making the guys bet-
ter, keep being a pest on defense,
and most importantly, keep doing
what you do: You’re a scorer.’”
Thomas has become the main
engine of the ascendant Celtics.
This season he has distinguished
himself as one of basketball’s
elite scorers. On Tuesday night
against the Knicks, Thomas
scored a game-high 20 points in
the Celtics’ 97-89 win while add-
ing 8 assists and 5 rebounds.
Thomas uses quickness and
deception to elude defenders. He
has an acrobat’s body control at
the hoop.
Thomas said he borrowed his
signature move — a half-turn,
Porzingis, East’s Rookie of Month, Continues Recent Struggles
By SETH BERKMAN
Kristaps Porzingis was hon-
ored Tuesday afternoon as the
Eastern Conference’s rookie of
the month for the third straight
time. A few
CELTICS 97 hours later,
KNICKS 89 the Celtics,
unimpressed
by his growing list of credentials,
battered and bruised Porzingis
and the Knicks, 97-89, at Madison
Square Garden, dropping the
Knicks (23-28) to five games be-
low .500 for the first time this sea-
son.
Porzingis’s monthly rookie
awards are beginning to appear
as if they are more a result of a
thin competition than outstand-
ing performance. He won Janu-
ary’s honor despite poor shooting
in recent weeks, and with his
team mired in a slump, having
lost six of seven games.
Coach Derek Fisher indicated
before the game that the Knicks’
surprising foray into the playoff
race might have caused his play-
ers’ focus to deviate.
“It’s hard to walk around the
city, I’m sure, for the guys, and
they’re getting crowned as
though we’re doing a lot, when
we still have a long way to go,”
Fisher said.
One of the last times the
Knicks had reason to hold their
chests out was three weeks ago,
when they beat the Celtics. Led
by Porzingis’s 26 points, the
Knicks won for the fifth time in
six games and were tied with
Boston for the eighth playoff
spot.
Since then, the teams’ trajec-
tories have diverged. The Celtics
had gone 8-3 after that loss on
Jan. 12, climbing into a tie for the
fifth playoff spot with the Chicago
Bulls, while the Knicks were tied
for 10th and a half-game from
falling into 12th place entering
Tuesday’s game.
Boston’s Isaiah Thomas, who is 5 feet 9, last week. Thomas, the 60th selection in the 2011 draft, is the lowest-picked All-Star since
1989, according to ESPN, and is in a tie as the shortest in history. He is driven to dispel notions that shorter guards can’t contribute.
fake-360 hesitation dribble —
from watching Dennis Chism, a
player on the AND1 Mixtape
Tour who was better known as
Spyda, while Thomas was grow-
ing up.
“He finds gaps that other play-
ers can, manipulating his body
around the rim, absorbing con-
tact and managing to finish,”
Knicks center Robin Lopez said
of Thomas.
Lopez added with a smile, “I
just think about how hard I have
to try night in and night out to
score, and I’m 7 foot, 7 foot 1.”
Thomas, the 60th and final se-
lection in the 2011 draft, is, ac-
cording to ESPN, the lowest-
picked player to make an All-Star
team since 1989, when the draft
expanded to two rounds. Along
with Calvin Murphy, a 5-9 guard
who played from 1970 to 1983,
Thomas is the shortest player to
be picked for an All-Star team.
Murphy has met Thomas on a
couple of occasions and has oth-
erwise admired his game from
afar. Murphy said it was neces-
sary for him, as an undersize
player, to have a bullish mental-
ity, a surplus of confidence. He
said he saw that in Thomas.
“I had a chip on my shoulder, a
Napoleon complex, and I was
coming at you,” Murphy said. “I
could do anything the big boys
did. I could dunk the way they
dunked. I could shoot as well as
anyone. My ball-handling was su-
perb. It sounds like I’m egotisti-
cal, and I am.”
Murphy, who was inducted into
the Hall of Fame in 1993, said he
“I think in recent weeks, as the
noise has picked up about what
we might be able to do three, four
months from now, we’ve had
some slippage, honestly, in terms
of just focusing on just one day at
a time and playing the game
that’s in front of us,” Fisher said.
Porzingis, in particular, has
struggled. In each of his last sev-
en games, he has been held to
five field goals or fewer.
In the first half, he continued
to misfire. Porzingis made one
field goal and scored 4 points.
Second-chance opportunities
that Robin Lopez (nine offensive
rebounds) created helped to off-
set a lack of ball movement by
the Knicks. With Jose Calderon
missing his fourth straight game
with a sore right groin, the
Knicks had only six assists but
led, 47-45, after a sloppy first half
in which the Celtics missed all 13
of their 3-point attempts.
But instead of grabbing con-
trol of the game, the Knicks con-
tinued to fumble opportunities,
while the Celtics hounded Por-
zingis with a combination of
frontcourt players.
The third quarter was best
represented by a stretch during
the ninth minute of play. Tied, 62-
62, the teams combined for five
turnovers in less than 40 sec-
onds, kicking around the loose
ball like figures on a foosball ta-
ble.
“There wasn’t very much that
worked tonight in terms of com-
bination of guys that could sus-
tain anything on both ends, other
than maybe the first couple min-
utes of the game,” Fisher said.
Boston finally pulled away
early in the fourth, led by Kelly
Olynyk, who scored 11 points in
the quarter, while the Knicks
could not create a go-to option
down the stretch.
Carmelo Anthony finished
with 16 points, shooting 4 for 16
THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
PRO BASKETBALL
LEFT, ANDREW D. BERNSTEIN/GETTY IMAGES; RIGHT, F. CARTER SMITH/ ASSOCIATED PRESS
Muggsy Bogues, who is 5-3, with his Hornets teammates Larry
Johnson, far left, and Alonzo Mourning in 1993. Bogues has
mentored Thomas. The 5-9 Calvin Murphy, playing with the
Rockets in 1981, far right, has also served as a sounding board.
thought Thomas would become a
superstar. “I love his game face,”
he said. “I see he’s got the Calvin
Murphy syndrome.”
Thomas has tried to hone that
mental approach and has recent-
ly become obsessed with the
martial artist Bruce Lee, who
was 5-7. Lee, like Thomas, at-
tended Washington. Thomas
watched Lee’s movies and clips
on YouTube and contemplates his
inspirational quotes.
When Thomas returns home to
the Pacific Northwest this off-
season, he would like to visit
Lee’s grave site in Seattle.
“He was so mentally locked in
to everything he did, and he did it
his own way,” Thomas said. “This
summer I just tried to study the
Kristaps Porzingis (6) was held to 10 points by the defense of Celtics players like Jared Sullinger.
from the field, and Porzingis
scored 10 on 4 of 11 attempts.
The Celtics also outscored the
Knicks in the lane, 58 to 28.
Such glaring discrepancies
things he did and how he focused.
The best players have the best
mentality. You can’t break them
no matter what situation they’re
in.”
Thomas has accepted guidance
and inspiration from all over.
Growing up, he was a fan of Da-
mon Stoudamire, a 5-10 point
guard from Portland. He watched
tape of Stoudamire’s highlights
and marveled at how much of his
game he had absorbed into his
own.
Gary Payton, a Hall of Fame
point guard, encouraged Thomas
to work on his defensive game,
telling him his low center of grav-
ity was an advantage.
One of Thomas’s closest confi-
dantes in recent years has been
have begun to catch the attention
of the Knicks, who can no longer
rest on the success of their unex-
pected start.
“I think there is a little sense of
NICK WASS/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Floyd Mayweather Jr., a 38-year-
old boxer who stands 5-8. The un-
likely friendship came from a
chance meeting.
In the summer of 2010, Thomas
accepted an invitation from a mu-
tual friend to watch Mayweather
train at his gym in Las Vegas.
Mayweather, a basketball fan, re-
quested that Thomas call him lat-
er that day.
“I called him,” Thomas said,
“and he was like, ‘Do you want to
go to a Robin Thicke concert?’” I
was like, ‘I mean, I guess so.’ He
said, ‘I’ll be outside your hotel in
five minutes.’”
Mayweather picked up Thom-
as, and the two hit it off right
away. “It was nice,” Thomas said
of the concert. “He was talking
the whole time, so I didn’t really
get to listen to Robin Thicke. But
it was nice.”
Thomas said he and May-
weather texted or spoke about
every other day. Mayweather at-
tended a recent Celtics game and
afterward accompanied Thomas
to dinner. They stayed at the res-
taurant talking until 4 a.m.
“He tries to help me when it
comes to my mentality, thinking
like I’m the best, preparing like
I’m the best,” Thomas said.
Thomas will be among the best
players when he arrives at the
All-Star Game this month. He ex-
hibited a measure of the boxer’s
bombast when he described the
feeling of validation.
“Now I’m starting to get the re-
spect that I feel like I deserve,”
Thomas said. “And it’s about
time.”
JULIE JACOBSON/ASSOCIATED PRESS
urgency to know that we have got
to turn this thing around quick-
ly,” Anthony said, “because it can
start going downhill, and we
don’t want that.”
ØN B11
Giveaway
Of T-Shirts
Is Abandoned
By the Kings
By CHRISTINE HAUSER
Observing two cultural cele-
brations at the same time can
lead to controversy, the Sacra-
mento Kings learned this week.
On Monday night, the team
hastily removed free “Year of the
Monkey” T-shirts for fans from
arena seats after complaints that
the giveaway was racially insen-
sitive on the first night of Black
History Month.
The Lunar New Year, an Asian
festival that will start on Monday
in the United States, is the high-
light of the Chinese calendar.
Each year is based on a symbol of
the Chinese horoscope, and this
is the Year of the Monkey, the
ninth of 12 animals in the cycle.
But the team’s effort to celebrate
seemed misplaced to some at the
start of the annual celebration of
African-American heritage.
Images of workers removing
the shirts from seats at the Sleep
Train arena, where the Kings
were playing the Milwaukee
Bucks, were published on social
media.
On Facebook, the former
N.B.A. All-Star Marques John-
son, a television analyst for the
Bucks, described an encounter
he had on Monday night with
DeMarcus Cousins, the Kings’
All-Star center, who objected to
the shirts: “I walk into the build-
ing, and DeMarcus Cousins calls
me over to an animated discus-
sion he’s having with Kings oper-
ations people. He ask me,
‘Olskool, what you think about
this T-shirt?’ Told him a little in-
sensitive on 1st day of Black His-
tory Month. They pulled the
shirts. . . . ”
On Monday night, players and
coaches were wearing Black His-
tory Month shirts during warm-
up. Cousins did not play on Mon-
day night because of a sprained
ankle.
The Kings went on to defeat
the Bucks, 111-104.
The N.B.A. has celebrated the
Lunar New Year before as part of
its community engagement pro-
grams. In 2015, it ushered in the
Year of the Goat with activities
including prizes, performances
and special foods to celebrate the
diversity of the league’s fan base.
This year, other teams in the
league have participated in New
Year events. The Charlotte Hor-
nets guard Jeremy Lin and play-
ers from other teams were fea-
tured in a television “Dining Ta-
ble” spot as part of celebrations
from Feb. 3 to 21.
The Sacramento Bee reported
that the “Year of the Monkey”
shirts were removed from the
seats about 90 minutes before the
game started. Other celebrations
of the Lunar Year went ahead as
planned, including a ribbon
dance by the Kings’ dancers.
“We all need a lesson in sensi-
tivity,” the Kings’ president,
Chris Granger, told The Sacra-
mento Bee. “In an effort to cele-
brate Chinese New Year, we had
some concerns about the T-shirt
giveaway, so we pulled them all
before the doors opened. Certain-
ly we don’t want to offend any-
body, and we acted as soon as we
heard the concern.”
N.B.A. ROUNDUP
Rockets Win
After Howard
Is Suspended
By The Associated Press
James Harden scored 26 points
and tied a career-high with 14 as-
sists as the host Houston Rockets
ended a three-game losing streak
Tuesday with a 115-102 win over
the Miami Heat.
Houston had a double-digit
lead for most of the second half
and was ahead by 10 when Josh
Smith scored all of the Rockets’
points in a 7-2 run that pushed the
advantage to 104-89 with about
five minutes remaining.
The Rockets started Smith, a
6-foot-9 forward, at center with
Dwight Howard serving a one-
game suspension for making con-
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tact with an official this weekend
and Clint Capela out with a thigh
injury.
Smith scored a season-high 19
points in his second start this
season and first since returning
to Houston in a trade from the
Clippers on Jan. 22.
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
Luol Deng had 17 points for the
Heat, who had won four straight,
their season high.
SUNS LOSE WARREN T. J. Warren
of the Phoenix Suns is out for the
season with a broken right foot.
Warren, a 6-foot-8 forward who
was the 14th overall pick in the
2014 draft, appeared in 47 games,
averaging 11 points and 3.1 re-
bounds.
B12 N THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

PRO FOOTBALL SUPER BOWL 50

Out With Old Sod

For a Yearly Event
To Ensure a Field Looks Its Best,
The N.F.L. Trucks In New Grass
By KEN BELSON
SANTA CLARA, Calif. — Hours
after the San Francisco 49ers
beat the St. Louis Rams on Jan. 3
in the final game of the regular
season here, a whole other team
entered Levi’s Stadium for an ur-
gent, curious ritual: to replace
the entire field in time for the Su-
per Bowl a month away.
While the players were still
cleaning out their lockers, a team
of three dozen groundskeepers,
led by Ed Mangan, the N.F.L.’s
field director, began ripping out
tons of sod to make way for 29
truckloads of specially designed
grass that would arrive a week
later from a farm owned by West
Coast Turf in Livingston, Calif.,
117 miles to the south.
The high-speed and costly
swap is standard procedure for
the N.F.L., which for about the
field, replaced the sod, repainted
it — and no one knew the differ-
ence by game time,” Steeg said.
Though the crisis was averted,
the league decided that replacing
the entire field, which can cost
hundreds of thousands of dollars,
would reduce the chance of last-
minute adjustments.
The league has several pre-
ferred vendors for its sod, includ-
ing Bent Oak Farm in Foley, Ala.,
which provided the field for last
year’s Super Bowl in Glendale,
Ariz.
This year, West Coast Turf was
chosen partly because it is close
to Levi’s Stadium. This is the
eighth time the company has pro-
vided sod for the game and the
first since Super Bowl XXXIX in
February 2005.
The field will remain in the sta-
dium after the game, though in
years past, some fields have been ABOVE, WEST COAST TURF; BELOW, JEFF CHIU/ASSOCIATED PRESS

past quarter-century has re-
placed the field before every Su-
per Bowl played on natural grass,
to ensure pristine conditions.
Players in cleats are the least
of the league’s worries.
The field must withstand the
many walk-throughs and re-
hearsals for the pregame and
halftime shows, which include
not only hundreds of performers
but also tons of heavy equipment,
some of which is on wheels and
can create ruts. The field also
must be painted and groomed,
work that can be altered by rain
and cold temperatures.
“You can’t guarantee that you
are going to have good weather,
so you start as early as you can,”
said Mangan, who has worked at
more than 25 Super Bowls. “You
want to get the grass on the
ground as soon as possible so we
can get it bedded in, cured in and
get it growing.”
In the early years of the Super
Bowl, the league would replace
only damaged patches of the
field, using seed, sand and any-
thing else that would make it look
new. (Artificial turf in stadiums
like the old Orange Bowl was doc-
tored mostly with paint, while
crumb rubber pellets are added
to newer synthetic turf fields in
places like MetLife Stadium, in
East Rutherford, N.J., which
hosted Super Bowl XLVIII.)
But a quarter-century ago, at
Super Bowl XXV, the league was
having trouble getting the field at
Tampa Stadium ready. The Buffa-
lo Bills and the Giants practiced
on the field the day before the
game, ripping up the turf in the
middle of the field.
So George Toma, the N.F.L.’s
chief groundskeeper at the time,
proposed a quick fix to Jim Steeg,
who organized the event for the
league then: Take the grass from
a practice field at the University
of Tampa and truck it over.
“He cut out the middle of the
donated. Turf being installed last month at Levi’s Stadium, where Sunday’s game will be played. For the event, West Coast Turf of Living-
West Coast Turf knows Levi’s ston, Calif., grew a special 75,000-square-foot field for 18 months. Below, Ed Mangan, the N.F.L.’s field director, with a piece of sod.
Stadium well because it has reg-
ularly provided the sod that the
49ers play on. Soon after the sta-
dium opened, though, the field
was ripped out because the im-
proper composition of the sand
underneath the sod left deformi-
ties on the field. Some players
had fallen awkwardly.
It has been replaced more than
half a dozen times since then be-
cause of concerts and other non-
football events.
To get ready for the Super
Bowl, West Coast Turf has been
growing a special 75,000-square-
foot field for 18 months. To ensure
that it is strong enough to with-
stand the heavy wear, but also so
it can be used immediately, the
company developed a Bermuda
grass overseeded with ryegrass.
The grass is grown on a plastic
membrane that lets water
through but not sand or roots,
which grow laterally to create a
thick mesh that makes the field
durable.
By slowing the flow of water
through the membrane, company
officials said, West Coast Turf
used 70 percent less water when
growing the field, a priority given
California’s severe drought.
“We have treated this field
with a lot of T.L.C. for a long
time,” said John Marman, the
vice president for sales and mar-
keting at West Coast Turf. “It has
its own blankets, rain tarps, spe-
cial diet. You name it, we’ve done
it.” furled one at a time on top of the paint, though some of it was used Mangan’s crew to tarp the field groundskeeper, Mangan has the
To get the field to the stadium, sand that sits below the field in on the six fields at San Jose State several times. The tarp is also honor of being the last person to
the sod was sliced into strips 40 the stadium. The sod was then and Stanford, where the Broncos used during rehearsals to pre- mow the field before the game.
feet long, three and a half feet stitched together with a special and the Panthers have practiced vent “abrasions,” as Mangan put Before and after the pregame
wide and about two inches thick, machine. for the game. it. and halftime shows, Mangan and
and rolled like carpet. Each of the The N.F.L. then started to pre- In all, Mangan brought three But “you don’t want to keep it his team also walk the field to re-
536 rolls weighed 2,500 pounds. pare the field, adding sand and tractor-trailers’ worth of equip- on too long, because it needs to pair any divots or other damage.
In the wee hours on Jan. 11, seed as needed. It also painted ment to Santa Clara. breathe just like any living plant,” They hope they will find nothing
when the air was cool, the first of the field, including the logos in Because the field is mowed al- he said. noteworthy.
29 truckloads of rolled sod left for the end zone. Mangan said his most daily, it has to be repainted The N.F.L. also tests the field to Success is “when they’re not
Santa Clara as part of a two-day crew of more than 30 workers as well. The heavy rains that ar- ensure it has the proper traction talking about the field,” Mangan
installation. The rolls were un- went through about 500 gallons of rived in recent weeks forced and hardness, and as the top said.

Clash Unspools, Pitting N.F.L. Against Owner of Rare Super Bowl Recording
From First Sports Page
It would take another eight
years for Martin Haupt to tell his
wife what he had done. By then,
they had divorced and both had
remarried.
He was sick with cancer and
handed her the tapes.
“He said maybe they could
help pay for the kids’ education,”
she said. And she put them in the
attic, where they accumulated
dust and intrigue.
Martin Haupt died soon after,
leaving behind the odd inherit-
ance of a Super Bowl I recording,
made on a professional two-inch
machine in the era before the
videocassette recorder industry
exploded and networks and
leagues began to cherish their ar-
chives of old games.
Fortuitous Phone Call
The story might have ended
with those two tapes deteriorat-
ing in Shamokin if not for a phone
call from Troy Haupt’s childhood
friend, Clint Hepner. In 2005, he
read that Sports Illustrated had
described a tape of Super Bowl I
as a “lost treasure” because CBS
unspooled the saga in the sun-
room of his house here on the
Outer Banks that was built by its
original owner to resemble a
Coast Guard station. He was born
the year after Super Bowl I and
grew up a Dallas Cowboys fan in
Philadelphia Eagles territory. He
refers to his late stepfather,
Charles, as his father, and Martin
Haupt as his biological father.
With Super Bowl 50 between
the Carolina Panthers and the
Denver Broncos approaching
Sunday, he felt it was time to
come forward as the owner of the
tapes. For the past five years, he
let his lawyer speak about an un-
identified client who had the re-
cording, who had made a deal
with the Paley Center for Media
in Manhattan to restore it and
who was trying to sell the tapes
to the N.F.L.
But the league does not seem
to agree with him that the tapes
are a significant enough part of
its legacy that it should pay him
what he wants. It countered his
initial request for $1 million with
a $30,000 offer. It never raised its
price and is not interested any-
more in paying anything at all.
“It’s awesome to have the
Troy Haupt at home. “It’s awesome to have the tapes, but it’s
frustrating that we can’t do anything with them,” he said.
have used a few minutes from the
game. It had agreed to pay him
$25,000 and give him two tickets
to the Super Bowl. A producer
was preparing to watch a re-
stored, digital copy of the game at
the Paley Center. A crew was
ready to go to Manteo. He was
going to tell his story, and per-
haps the league would listen.
COURTNEY MANION FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
CBS about the payment.”
A CBS Sports spokeswoman
said only that it chose not to do
the feature “because we couldn’t
get the appropriate clearances.”
With one click on the computer
screen in the Paley Center view-
ing room, Super Bowl I came
back to life. The recording is a
relic that shows the signs of ex-
CBS, with Ray Scott calling the
first half with Frank Gifford, and
Jack Whitaker taking over in the
third quarter with a friendlier,
wittier play call. Gifford referred
regularly to Green Bay Coach
Vince Lombardi as “Vinny” and
kept promoting the Chiefs’ great
play well after they were out of
the game.
A 1960s sensibility is pre-
served, helping to separate the
tape from the NFL Films recon-
struction.
Each replay is labeled “Video
Tape” and each slow-motion shot
is noted as “Slow Motion.” The ef-
fect continues with network pro-
mos; an ad read by Whitaker
(United States savings bonds
that were recommended by Pres-
ident Johnson) and the commer-
cials Haupt did not cut out (like
the anchorman-like announcer
promoting the taste and other
benefits of True cigarettes).
As the game entered its final
seconds, Whitaker started to
count down. “Nine, eight,” he
said, and the game ended. A
marching band ran onto the field.
It played “Seventy-Six Trom-
bones.”
“The first Super Bowl was al-
charities. His mother said that
she would give some of her share
of the sale to the Wounded War-
rior Project.
“They’re not doing anybody
any good sitting in a vault,” he
said. “Let’s help some great char-
ities.”
But that is unlikely to happen.
A letter from the league to Har-
wood last year provided a sharp
warning to Haupt. “Since you
have already indicated that your
client is exploring opportunities
for exploitation of the N.F.L.’s Su-
per Bowl I copyrighted footage
with yet-unidentified third par-
ties,” Dolores DiBella, a league
counsel, wrote, “please be aware
that any resulting copyright in-
fringement will be considered in-
tentional, subjecting your client
and those parties to injunctive re-
lief and special damages, among
other remedies.”
The law favors the league, said
Jodi Balsam, a professor at
Brooklyn Law School.
“What the league technically
has is a property right in the
game information and they are
the only ones who can profit from
that,” said Balsam, a former
N.F.L. lawyer.
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and NBC had not saved copies of
their broadcasts. The magazine
estimated that a tape, if found,
would be worth $1 million.
“He said, ‘Remember when we
were 10 and in your mom’s attic
playing board games and saw
this box with metal cases in it
tapes, but it’s frustrating that we
can’t do anything with them,”
Haupt said. “It’s like you’ve won
the golden ticket but you can’t
get into the chocolate factory.”
Set to Tell His Story
“It was my right to tell my
story, and they were paying me
for it,” Haupt said.
But according to his lawyer,
Steve Harwood, the deal col-
lapsed when he was told that the
N.F.L. had ordered CBS not to
pay him.
posure to the heat and cold in the
attic in Shamokin. Colors fade in
and out. The picture is grainy and
skips. And it suffers somewhat
from Martin Haupt’s decision to
stop or pause before most com-
mercial breaks and hitting play
when the break ended, which
ways our holy grail of lost sports
programs, appearing on our
most-wanted list for years,” said
Ron Simon, the Paley Center’s
television and radio curator.
A League Warning
But, she added, the league has
not handled the matter as well as
it should have.
“It seems they’ve misplayed
their hand here,” she said.
“They’ve known about this tape
for years, and it seems to me they
should have resolved this years
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

that said Super Bowl I?’” Haupt
said. “I had no idea what he was
talking about and he said, ‘Talk to
your mom,’ and Mom said, ‘Yeah,
they’re up in the attic.’” She add-
ed: “I remarried. The kids grew
up and we talked about the tapes
once in a while. But my husband
was skeptical about what was on
them.”
Haupt and his mother
Last month, the league coun-
tered in another way, showing
that it did not need the tapes.
NFL Network showed a recon-
struction of Super Bowl I drawn
from the archives of NFL Films.
And last week, Haupt was an-
gry about another turn in the dis-
pute. CBS backed out of a plan to
interview him for a Super Bowl
pregame segment that would
“They said they’d still put Troy
on but couldn’t pay,” Harwood
said. “After dealing with the
N.F.L. all these years, and with
CBS, which screwed up, Troy said
he wouldn’t do it for free.”
Brian McCarthy, a league
spokesman, denied that the
N.F.L. was involved.
“We didn’t tell them not to do
it,” he said. “We didn’t talk to
caused him to miss parts of the
action when play resumed. The
stops and starts give the tapes an
occasional herky-jerky feel.
And more important, he did not
tape halftime and about half of
the third quarter.
“It’s like he thought he would
run out of tape,” Troy Haupt said.
But it is still a viewable docu-
ment, a vintage broadcast by
Haupt owns the recording but
not its content, which belongs to
the N.F.L. If the league refuses to
buy it, he cannot sell the tapes to
a third party, like CBS or a col-
lector who would like to own a
piece of sports history that was
believed to be lost. He would like
to persuade the league to sell the
tapes jointly and donate some of
the proceeds to their favorite
ago, because it’s important foot-
age.”
But until the league and Haupt
resolve their differences, the pub-
lic will never see the game as it
happened, on the winter day
when Green Bay became the
champion of the N.F.L. and
A.F.L., and Martin Haupt took a
mysterious route to recording
history.

In a Dusty Texas Town, Cam Newton Found a Way Station
From First Sports Page
miles.
“He had to come down to earth
real fast,” said Chad Froechten-
icht, a teammate of Newton’s and
one of his close friends. “He had
to say, ‘Hey, how did I get here,
and what do I have to do to get to
where I want to go?’”
Newton perceived Blinn, a two-
year community college with
about 2,400 students, as a 12-
month stopover between quarter-
backing gigs — if he could endure
it. On weekends, when there
were limited food options on cam-
pus and much of the student body
had fled, Newton and friends who
remained would head to Arby’s
or Dairy Queen to flirt for food.
“Going back to small town
U.S.A., you’re not under the big
lights — that kind of slows you
down a little bit,” said Ronny
Feldman, who was Blinn’s offen-
sive coordinator then.
The campus, studded with live
oaks, pecan trees and crepe myr-
tles, is so contained that travers-
ing it takes four minutes. It sits
about a mile from the archetypal
Texas town square — a court-
house in the middle, ringed by
bakeries and boutiques and sun-
dry shops — and is a seven-
minute drive from the unofficial
ice cream of Texas, Blue Bell
Creameries.
“I don’t know what I wanted to
get out of Blinn,” Newton said. “I
think I just wanted that opportu-
nity. When I was in junior college,
I was mentally hurt. I needed to
Film study, painting
the bleachers, and
leadership lessons.
regain some confidence by play-
ing the quarterback position, let
alone football, because I hadn’t
played important downs in so
long.”
Newton had few other serious
options. From the outset, his fa-
ther homed in on Blinn, where its
coach, Brad Franchione, had al-
ready won a national title.
The first time Cecil Newton
called Feldman, Feldman did not
recognize the area code and al-
most did not answer. What fol-
lows is an abridged version of
their conversation, as recounted
by Feldman.
Cecil: “Coach, this is Cecil
Newton, Cam Newton’s dad. You
know Cam?”
Feldman: “I apologize, Mr.
Newton, but no, I don’t.”
Cecil: “That’s O.K. He plays at
the University of Florida and he’s
looking to transfer. Any way you
could get some video?”
Feldman: “I probably can.”
Pause. “Holy moly.”
A few weeks later, in early Jan-
uary 2009, Franchione met with
Cecil and Cam Newton at a Hous-
ton restaurant and outlined his
plan for academic and athletic
success.
“You don’t get a second chance
to do this right,” Franchione said.
“I knew that, and they knew
that.”
Over dinner, Cecil Newton
made Franchione promise three
things.
Æ No interviews with the news
media, which he upheld.
Benjamin Hoffman contributed
reporting from San Jose, Calif.
Browns Could Be Ready to Part Ways With Manziel
By VICTOR MATHER
The Cleveland Browns issued a
terse response Tuesday to quar-
terback Johnny Manziel’s latest
incident, with a strong implica-
tion that his days with the team
may be numbered.
“We’ve been clear about ex-
pectations for our players on and
off the field,” said Sashi Brown,
the team’s executive vice presi-
dent for football operations.
“Johnny’s continual involvement
in incidents that run counter to
those expectations undermines
the hard work of his teammates
and the reputation of our organ-
ization. His status with our team
will be addressed when permit-
ted by league rules. We will have
no further comment at this time.”
The Browns can release Man-
ziel on Feb. 8, the day after the
Super Bowl. The new N.F.L. year
starts March 9, and ESPN re-
ported that for salary-cap rea-
sons, it would be advantageous
for the Browns to wait until then
to dismiss Manziel.
The latest incident occurred
over the weekend, when the po-
lice in Fort Worth hunted for
Manziel after a woman describ-
ing herself as his ex-girlfriend
said they had been involved in a
disturbance. The police wound up
using a helicopter before finding
Manziel safe. No arrests have
Æ Franchione would develop
Cam Newton’s leadership skills,
which he did during daily dis-
cussions in his office.
Æ And under no circumstances
did Cecil Newton want his son to
become an option quarterback.
He would be a dropback passer.
At that early stage in the foot-
ball calendar, coaches were per-
mitted to oversee only condition-
ing and footwork drills, leaving
players to organize anything in-
volving a ball. After one workout,
Franchione said, Cam Newton
stopped in the doorway of the
weight room, turned around and
told the defense that he was
headed to work with the receiv-
ers.
“Do you all think you can stop
N.F.L. ROUNDUP
been made.
In October, near Cleveland,
Manziel was spotted fighting
with a woman as they drove. She
told the police that he had hit her
and pushed her head against the
window, but he was cleared by
N.F.L. investigators. He admitted
having drunk alcohol earlier in
the day. Manziel spent two
months in a rehab facility for un-
disclosed reasons last winter.
NEWTON TRIES TO MOVE ON Cam
Newton surprised many people
last week when he said that race
played a factor in how he was
perceived as a quarterback. In an
interview session with members
of the news media on Tuesday, he
declared the subject closed, at
least as far as he was concerned.
“I don’t even want to touch on
the subject of black quarterbacks
because I believe this game is
bigger than black, white or even
green,” Newton said in San Jose,
Calif. “We limit ourselves when
we label ourselves.”
When Newton was challenged
by some reporters to support his
earlier assertion, he became
somewhat defiant.
“I wanted to bring awareness
of that, but I don’t think I should
be labeled as just as a black quar-
terback because there are bigger
things in this sport that need to
be accomplished,” he said.
THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
PRO FOOTBALL SUPER BOWL 50
us?” he said.
Those types of challenges de-
fined Blinn practices. Almost ev-
ery day, Newton would bark at
his teammates: “Did you get bet-
ter today? Did you get better that
play?”
They played tug of war with
enormous tires. In each individ-
ual and team drill, the winners
earned points for their unit; as-
sistants kept score.
Within a few days of Newton’s
arrival, about 60 players started
accompanying him to the sta-
dium for seven-on-seven games.
But he still ranked second on the
depth chart, behind Shaun Ruth-
erford, who, like many players,
knew little about their new team-
mate, who had thrown only 12
While the questioning was
more confrontational than a typi-
cal pre-Super Bowl news confer-
ence, Newton stayed in good
spirits and addressed criticism
directed at him and his team-
mates for their on-field celebra-
tions, pointing out that an aver-
age N.F.L. play lasts four to six
seconds, and that people should
pay more attention to those
stretches of time than to celebra-
tions.  day, but gave up an 80-yard
“We have a lot of character and
charisma and personality in the
locker room, but the big picture
everyone should be talking about
is those four to six seconds,”
Newton said.
BENJAMIN HOFFMAN
LADY GAGA’S ANTHEM Lady Gaga
will sing the national anthem at
Super Bowl 50, the N.F.L. and
CBS announced.
Coldplay and several guests
will perform during the halftime
show.
“This particular Super Bowl,
because it’s 50, is so different
than any one that I’ve been asso-
ciated with and probably will be
different than any one in the fu-
ture,” said Mark Quenzel, a sen-
ior vice president of NFL Net-
work, which produces the pre-
game and halftime shows.
MELISSA HOPPERT
MESSAGE TO PANTHERS Before
N B13
PHOTOGRAPHS BY TAMIR KALIFA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Benham, Tex., above, the home of Blinn College, is midway be-
tween Houston and Austin. The college has about 2,400 stu-
dents. On Sunday, left, a day with no official practice, members
of the football team organized a game on the intramural field.
ticular route, he would focus on it touchdown run by doing “that
the next day. Feldman would con- airplane jump” into the end zone,
sult Newton’s notes when script- costing him a few series with an
ing plays for that week’s game. injured right shoulder. Returning
Newton demoralized opposing to orchestrate a rush-heavy of-
teams with his mobility and de- fense, he played the final snap of
flated them with his arm. He ac- a 31-26 victory on defense, patrol-
counted for 38 touchdowns, in- ling the goal line to thwart a po-
cluding 16 rushing, while com- tential Hail Mary pass.
pleting 60.7 percent of his passes The title, Blinn’s last in foot-
and throwing only five intercep- ball, is commemorated on a
tions. In one four-game stretch, scoreboard at a stadium where
Blinn outscored its opposition, games have not been played in
265-115, including an 84-13 rout of
seven years.
Cisco College that left the Bucca- Newton decamped for Auburn,
neers disappointed. They were
where the next season he won
hoping to score 90. another championship, but his
“That’s the thing I would say
legacy at Blinn persists: in the
Cam brought to our team — con-
highlight videos that the new
fidence,” Rutherford said. “Cam
coach, Keith Thomas, shows to
brought that swagger.”
recruits and their parents; in the
Newton, in turn, said his time
congratulatory social media mes-
at Blinn gave him “the confi-
sages the college has fired off to
dence that I needed that I still
passes at Florida. Newton and the Panthers; and in
carry to this day.”
“When I first heard that we the athletes who choose Blinn be-
He was known to stroll into
had a guy transferring in who huddles wearing a smile and say- cause they see, or want to see, a
was 6-4, 250 pounds,” Rutherford ing something like: “Right now, little of Newton in themselves.
said, “I was like, that’s not a we’re going to kick their butt. You As a soft light bathed campus
quarterback, that’s a defensive with me or not?” When Blinn’s Sunday afternoon, two hopefuls
lineman.” players dashed onto the field be- ran sprints on the stadium grass.
But Newton had earned the fore home games, Newton often A few blocks away, at the intra-
starting job by the beginning of took a detour, running toward the mural field that abuts a cemetery,
the season. Feldman devoted far sideline to yap at the opposi- another group practiced kicking
those first few months to New- tion. field goals at the lone goal post.
ton’s passing fundamentals, to Some teams called Blinn to As the sun dropped, a crowd
footwork and mechanics and pro- complain about Newton’s antics, gathered, about 25 in all. There is
gressions. and Franchione is convinced that little to do in Brenham, Tex., but
During two-a-day fall prac- other coaches snubbed Newton catch passes and defend them,
tices, Newton logged every route, from the all-conference team be- the players changing, the cycle
pass, completion, drop and bad cause they did not like him. repeating itself. Then the players
throw into a notebook and, in film The only time Feldman grew retreated to their dorms to watch
study, reviewed them with his re- upset at Newton, he said, came in Pro Bowl highlights and play
ceivers. If the data suggested the national title game against Madden and go to bed so they
that he was struggling with a par- Fort Scott, when he punctuated a could do it all over again.
CALENDAR
TV Highlights
More listings are at tvlistings.nytimes.com, under the Sports-Events category.
Basketball / N.B.A. 7:30 p.m. Indiana at Nets YES
8:00 p.m. Golden State at Washington ESPN
the Carolina Panthers went to
10:30 p.m. Minnesota at Los Angeles Clippers ESPN
California for the Super Bowl, the
Basketball / College Men 6:30 p.m. St. John’s at Xavier FS1
team broadcaster Eugene Rob-
inson had a message for the play- 7:00 p.m. Notre Dame at Miami ESPN2
ers: Don’t mess up the way I did. 7:00 p.m. Penn State at Iowa ESPNU
7:00 p.m. Boston College at Virginia MSG
Robinson was a Falcons safety
in January 1999 when he was ar- 8:00 p.m. Creighton at Villanova CBSSN
rested the night before the Super 8:30 p.m. Marquette at Seton Hall FS1
Bowl for solicitation of a prosti- 9:00 p.m. Kansas State at Kansas ESPN2
tute, while his wife and children 9:00 p.m. Oklahoma State at Texas Tech ESPNU
were in a nearby hotel. Robinson 11:00 p.m. Arizona State at Washington ESPNU
played in the Super Bowl the next Basketball / 8:00 p.m. Kansas State at Baylor MSG+
College Women 8:00 p.m. Connecticut at Tulane SNY
touchdown pass and missed a Golf 2:00 p.m. Coates Championship, first round GOLF
tackle on a long run as Atlanta 11:00 p.m. Dubai Desert Classic, first round GOLF
lost, 34-19, to the Denver Broncos. (Thurs.) 5:30 a.m. Dubai Desert Classic, first round GOLF
“It was just to tell these guys, Hockey / N.H.L. 8:00 p.m. Detroit at Tampa Bay NBCSN
don’t mess this up,” Robinson Soccer 2:55 p.m. England, Chelsea at Watford NBCSN
said. He added, “I can be a living
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example.”
Panthers Coach Ron Rivera HOME WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE
said the speech seemed to res- AWAY 2/3 2/4 2/5 2/6 2/7 2/8 2/9
onate with players, who gave DETROIT MEMPHIS DENVER WASHINGTON
KNICKS 7 p.m. 7:30 p.m. 1 p.m. 8 p.m.
Robinson a standing ovation. TNT MSG MSG MSG
“I think it is one of the bravest
INDIANA SACRAMENTO PHILADELPHIA DENVER
things I have ever seen a guy do,” NETS 7:30 p.m. 7:30 p.m. 7:30 p.m. 7:30 p.m.
Rivera said.
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
YES YES YES YES
Robinson remains married to TORONTO WASHINGTON RANGERS EDMONTON
his wife of 30 years. She has for- DEVILS 7:30 p.m. 1 p.m. 7 p.m. 8 p.m.
MSG+ MSG+ MSG, MSG+ MSG+
given him for what occurred, but
Robinson said it is something he WASHINGTON DETROIT EDMONTON COLUMBUS
ISLANDERS 7:30 p.m. 2 p.m. 2:30 p.m. 7 p.m.
will have to live with the rest of NBCSN MSG+2 MSG+ MSG+2
his life. MINNESOTA PHILADELPHIA DEVILS
“It’s easy to lose your way RANGERS 7 p.m. 1 p.m. 7 p.m.
when you’re selfish and you’re MSG MSG MSG, MSG+
only thinking about yourself,”
Robinson said. “That’s what I
did.” (AP) Job hunting? NYTimes.com/Jobs.
B14 Ø N THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

SOCCER SCOREBOARD

Surprising Run Elevates Leicester City’s Favor PRO BASKETBALL

N.B.A. STANDINGS
PRO FOOTBALL
N.F.L. PLAYOFFS
SUPER BOWL
EASTERN CONFERENCE Sunday, Feb. 7
From First Sports Page Santa Clara, Calif.
Atlantic W L Pct GB Denver vs. Carolina, 6:30 p.m. EST (CBS)
as 2009, actually finish first in the Toronto 33 16 .673 —
world’s most famous soccer league? Boston 28 22 .560 5{
PRO HOCKEY
“I’ve done open-top bus tours
around the city center after we won
Knicks 23 28 .451 11 N.H.L. STANDINGS
Nets 12 37 .245 21
trophies,” Matt Elliott, a defender EASTERN CONFERENCE
who captained the Foxes to the 2000 Philadelphia 7 41 .146 25{
Atlantic W L OT Pts GF GA
League Cup title, said in an inter- Southeast W L Pct GB
view Tuesday before Leicester beat Atlanta 28 22 .560 — Florida 30 15 5 65 140 110
Liverpool here, 2-0. “And if they Miami 27 22 .551 { Tampa 27 18 4 58 130 117
were to see it through and win the Charlotte 23 25 .479 4 Detroit 25 16 8 58 122 124
league? I think they might do an Boston 26 18 6 58 150 135
Washington 21 25 .457 5
open-top bus tour around the whole
Orlando 21 26 .447 5{ Montreal 24 23 4 52 138 138
county. Maybe even farther.”
History can be pegged either for Central W L Pct GB Ottawa 23 22 6 52 144 161
or against Leicester City’s chances. Cleveland 35 12 .745 — Toronto 18 22 9 45 118 137
For example, the team atop the Chicago 26 21 .553 9 Buffalo 20 26 4 44 114 136
league at the end of January has Detroit 26 23 .531 10 Metropolitan W L OT Pts GF GA
gone on to win the title in each of the Indiana 25 23 .521 10{ Wash. 35 9 4 74 160 109
last 11 seasons (encouraging) while
Milwaukee 20 30 .400 16{ Rangers 27 18 5 59 144 132
the Foxes have been in existence for
132 years and never won the top WESTERN CONFERENCE Islanders 26 16 6 58 135 121
crown (less so). Pittsburgh 25 17 7 57 127 125
Southwest W L Pct GB
There are, though, a few factors Devils 26 20 5 57 117 120
San Antonio 40 8 .833 —
in Leicester City’s favor. First, the Carolina 23 20 8 54 123 135
Foxes have fewer games on their Memphis 29 20 .592 11{
Phila. 22 18 8 52 113 129
schedule than their closest competi- Dallas 28 23 .549 13{
tors. While Manchester City (sec- Columbus 19 27 5 43 133 163
DARREN STAPLES/REUTERS Houston 26 25 .510 15{
ond) and Arsenal (fourth) have to
Jamie Vardy scoring his second goal of the game in Leicester City’s 2-0 win over Liverpool on Tuesday. New Orleans 18 29 .383 21{ WESTERN CONFERENCE
juggle Premier League games with
Northwest W L Pct GB
domestic cup and Champions Central W L OT Pts GF GA
League matchups, Leicester City ie Vardy — who was playing in the games against Manchester City and City’s players buzzed around the Oklahoma City 37 13 .740 —
Chicago 33 16 4 70 147 122
has been eliminated from the fifth division in 2011. Arsenal await on the next two week- field. Shinji Okazaki blasted a close- Portland 23 26 .469 13{
Dallas 32 14 5 69 167 136
League and F.A. Cups and, with its Vardy has scored 18 goals this ends. Some Leicester City fans were range header off the goalkeeper. Utah 22 25 .468 13{
last-gasp dash to avoid relegation in season, including two on Tuesday a bit bothered that the club did not Mahrez blazed a curling shot that Denver 19 30 .388 17{
St. Louis 29 16 8 66 130 128

the Premier League last year, did
not qualify for European competi-
tion.
There is also the emotional com-
ponent. Manchester City is in flux
after it revealed this week that its
manager, Manuel Pellegrini, would
be replaced at the end of the season
by Pep Guardiola. And Arsenal,
which has been a mainstay in the
top four positions of the Premier
League for nearly two decades, has
struggled in recent years to finish
the job and win (its last title came in
2004).
Then, naturally, there is the way
that Leicester City plays. Manager
Claudio Ranieri has somehow
coaxed career seasons out of a
group that is not altogether differ-
ent from the one that barely es-
caped relegation with a 14th-place
finish a year ago, led by striker Jam-
and 13 in a sublime stretch in which add a striker before the transfer was tipped over. Manager Ranieri Colorado 27 22 3 57 143 142
Minnesota 14 35 .286 22{
he set a Premier League record by deadline on Monday, but the atmos- stamped his foot on the sideline. Nashville 24 19 8 56 129 132
Pacific W L Pct GB
scoring in 11 consecutive games. Be- phere at the King Power Stadium Expectation was building, and on Minnesota 23 18 9 55 124 120
hind his production as well as the percolated nonetheless. the hour, Leicester City finally Golden State 44 4 .917 —
Winnipeg 22 25 3 47 129 145
slick work of Riyad Mahrez, Leices- Peter Soulsby, the mayor of broke through. Maghrez lashed a L.A. Clippers 32 16 .667 12
Leicester (who doesn’t miss a home long, arcing ball toward the Liver- Pacific W L OT Pts GF GA
ter City has relied on an intense Sacramento 21 27 .438 23
counterattacking style that has led game), noted that the city was “mad pool goal, and Vardy ran on to it. Phoenix 14 36 .280 31 L.A. 30 16 3 63 129 113
to wins over Everton and Chelsea, about sports” and said tickets were With a defender on his hip, Vardy L.A. Lakers 9 41 .180 36 San Jose 26 18 4 56 142 129
among others, as well as draws with “very, very hard to come by.” looked up and swung his foot TUESDAY Arizona 24 20 5 53 131 146
Manchester City and Manchester Ian Stringer, who is the announc- through the ball from 25 yards out, a Boston 97, Knicks 89 Anaheim 22 18 7 51 101 111
United. Through 24 league games, er for BBC Leicester, said the stadi- crushing, looping volley that whis- Houston 115, Miami 102
Vancou. 20 19 11 51 122 139
the Foxes have lost only twice. um’s vibe was enhanced by the tled into the top corner as the fans Toronto 104, Phoenix 97
“At this point, every game is, ar- fans’ clacking of folded, heavy-stock erupted. Milwaukee at Portland Calgary 21 24 3 45 126 146
Minnesota at L.A. Lakers
guably, the biggest game in the his- cards left at each seat. The cards Vardy would add a second goal 11 Edmonton 19 26 5 43 122 149
tory of the club,” said Arlo White, were used at a game last season — minutes later, but this score was the WEDNESDAY
Indiana at Nets, 7:30
TUESDAY
who grew up in Leicester and is which the team won — and out of one to remember. It came from Atlanta at Philadelphia, 7
Devils 3, Rangers 2
now the lead commentator on the superstition, the club’s owners have nothing: a deep, speculative pass. A Islanders 5, Minnesota 3
Cleveland at Charlotte, 7
Toronto 4, Boston 3, OT
Premier League for NBC. “If they purchased them for each game bounce. A drive. An unlikely cele- Detroit at Boston, 7:30
Philadelphia 4, Montreal 2
win it, beating who they’ll have since. bration. Orlando at Oklahoma City, 8
Pittsburgh 6, Ottawa 5
beaten, it will be the greatest story The cards, and the screams, were It was incongruous, outlandish, Golden State at Washington, 8
Florida 5, Washington 2
in Premier League history.” especially loud on this night. Rested much like its provider. It was, yet New Orleans at San Antonio, 8:30
St. Louis 1, Nashville 0
Miami at Dallas, 8:30
Tuesday was the beginning to a after a break while other clubs again, a magical moment in a sea- Denver at Utah, 9
Dallas 5, Winnipeg 3
particularly difficult stretch, as road played cup matches, Leicester son becoming ever full of them. Chicago at Colorado
Chicago at Sacramento, 10
Columbus at Edmonton
Minnesota at L.A. Clippers, 10:30
Los Angeles at Arizona
San Jose at Anaheim
CELTICS 97, KNICKS 89
WEDNESDAY

Fox Adds the Mexican National Team to Its Soccer Stable Johnson 14
Sullinger 16
FG

By RICHARD SANDOMIR
Fox Sports has added the Eng-
lish-language rights to 25 games in-
volving Mexico’s national team to
its arsenal of soccer properties.
Through an agreement that will
be announced Wednesday, Fox
Sports 1 will televise 25 home games
— friendlies and World Cup qualifi-
ers — of the team called El Tri start-
ing this year and continuing until
the 2018 World Cup in Russia. Not
all the home games will be played in
Mexico, however; as part of an
agreement with Major League Soc-
cer’s marketing arm, Mexico has in
recent years played an increasing
number of its games in United
States cities like Dallas and Los An-
geles.
The first game of the new Fox
partnership will be a friendly on
Feb. 10 against Senegal at Marlins
Park in Miami. Two of Mexico’s
World Cup qualifiers this year,
against Canada and Honduras, also
are part of the new deal.
MARK RALSTON/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
Mexico’s Javier Hernández, right, and the United States’ DeMarcus
Beasley. Games between the teams often draw large TV audiences.
Mexican national team through our
2-3
2-6
FT Reb
BOSTON Min M-A M-A O-T A PTS
Crowder 28 6-10 3-4 0-5 0 16
0-2 0-4 0
0-0 0-2 1
4
4
Buffalo at Montreal, 7
Detroit at Tampa Bay, 8
Carolina at Calgary, 9:30
lion viewers, and a group stage IThomas 36 7-18 5-5 0-5 8 20
Bradley 29 3-13 0-0 1-3 4 6 DEVILS 3, RANGERS 2
match on ESPN2 averaged 1.9 mil- Olynyk 22 5-8 2-2 2-5 1 13
Turner 28 6-13 2-2 2-10 4 14 Rangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 1—2
lion. In the round of 16, the Mexico- Smart 29 1-5 2-2 0-1 2 4 New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 2—3
Netherlands match generated 5.7 Jerebko 7 0-1 0-0 0-0 0 0 First Period—1, N.Y. Rangers, Miller 14
Zeller 26 8-13 0-0 7-10 0 16 (Brassard, Fast), 13:31.
million viewers. Totals 240 40-90 14-17 12-45 20 97 Second Period—2, New Jersey, Stempniak
And the two most-watched Unit- Percentages: FG .444, FT .824. 3-Point
15 (Gelinas, Henrique), 1:34 (pp).
Third Period—3, N.Y. Rangers, Miller
ed States national team games on Goals: 3-19, .158 (Olynyk 1-3, Crowder
1-4, I.Thomas 1-5, Jerebko 0-1, Bradley
15 (Yandle, Boyle), 2:06. 4, New Jersey,
Blandisi 2 (Greene, Severson), 3:13. 5, New
Fox Sports 1 — excluding the Gold 0-3, Smart 0-3). Team Rebounds: 8. Team Jersey, Schlemko 5 (Stempniak, Kennedy),
Turnovers: 10 (10 PTS). Blocked Shots: 2
Cup — have been against Mexico. (Bradley, Olynyk). Turnovers: 10 (Sullinger
11:14 (pp).
Shots on Goal—N.Y. Rangers 10-12-11—
“Without question, the biggest ri- 2, I.Thomas 2, Turner 2, Zeller 2, Bradley, 33. New Jersey 10-10-5—25.
Olynyk). Steals: 9 (Turner 3, Smart 2,
valry in our region is between Mex- Crowder, Sullinger, I.Thomas, Zeller).
Goalies—N.Y. Rangers, Lundqvist. New
Jersey, Schneider. A—16,514 (17,625).
ico and the U.S. and has been for Technical Fouls: I.Thomas, 5:00 third.
Flagrant Fouls: Johnson, 6:19 third.
T—2:29.
decades,” Nathanson said. “It cross- FG FT Reb
es all languages and all sorts of soc- KNICKS Min M-A M-A O-T A PTS
ISLANDERS 5, WILD 3
Anthony 34 4-16 7-10 1-14 4 16
cer fans.” Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1—3
Porzingis 27 4-11 2-2 2-5 0 10 Islanders . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 2—5
The three-year deal will feature Lopez
Galloway 34
37 6-12
0-4
5-6 11-13 2 17
1-1 1-9 2 1
First Period—1, Minnesota, Coyle 14
(Dumba, Niederreiter), 14:34.
10 Mexican national team games Afflalo 39 7-16 2-4 0-2 3 18 Second Period—2, N.Y. Islanders,
this year and next year and five in LThomas 25 2-4 1-2 0-2 0 6 Grabovski 8 (Tavares, Strome), 3:20. 3,
Williams 11 3-7 0-0 1-2 1 6 N.Y. Islanders, Lee 7 (Hamonic, Bailey),
2018, when Fox will also carry the Seraphin 4 1-2 0-0 0-0 0 2 5:07. 4, Minnesota, Pominville 6 (Zucker,
Grant 7 0-1 0-0 0-0 0 0
World Cup. Vujacic 18 4-9 3-3 0-3 1 13
Stoll), 18:36. 5, N.Y. Islanders, Nelson 20
(de Haan), 19:18.
“It’s our job, not only to showcase Totals 240 31-82 21-28 16-50 13 89 Third Period—6, N.Y. Islanders, Nielsen
Percentages: FG .378, FT .750. 3-Point 15 (Leddy, Okposo), 2:49 (pp). 7, N.Y.
the most exciting competitions in Goals: 6-20, .300 (Vujacic 2-4, Afflalo 2-5, Islanders, Tavares 17 (Grabovski), 4:52.
the sport but to tell the story from L.Thomas 1-1, Anthony 1-5, Galloway 8, Minnesota, Niederreiter 9 (Dumba,
0-1, Porzingis 0-2, Williams 0-2). Team Spurgeon), 10:04 (pp).
broadcast to broadcast so our audi- Rebounds: 8. Team Turnovers: 17 (16 PTS). Shots on Goal—Minnesota 20-8-15—43.
ence can follow the Mexican team,” Blocked Shots: 4 (Lopez 3, Porzingis). N.Y. Islanders 12-15-11—38.
Goalies—Minnesota, Dubnyk, Kuemper.
Turnovers: 16 (Afflalo 4, Anthony 3,
Nathanson said. Porzingis 3, Lopez 2, Vujacic 2, Seraphin, N.Y. Islanders, Berube. A—13,331 (15,795).
advance as expected to the final In addition to the men’s and wom- L.Thomas). Steals: 3 (Afflalo, Porzingis, T—2:39.

Fox acquired the games from
Univision Deportes for an undis-
closed sum.
For Fox, the contract represents
another way to reach Mexican-born
and second- and third-generation
Mexican-Americans who follow the
national team. Since Fox already
owns the rights to several other im-
portant events featuring Mexico,
tournaments such as Copa América
Centenario this summer, and it is
going to be the representative of the
Concacaf region in the Confeder-
ations Cup in 2017,” David Nathan-
son, the head of business operations
for Fox Sports, said in a joint tele-
phone interview with Juan Carlos
Rodriguez, the president of Uni-
vision Deportes. “This allows us to
round of regional World Cup quali-
fying, their showcase game in Mex-
ico City will be carried by Fox
Sports 1.
“El Tri is the jewel in the crown,”
Rodriguez said. “In partnership
with Fox, a huge, English-dominant
network, we can help grow the
property.”
The Mexican national team has
en’s World Cups through 2026, Fox
also owns the rights to the Copa
América Centenario, a special edi-
tion of the South American champi-
onship to be played in the United
States in June; UEFA’s Champions
League and Europa League; the
F.A. Cup in England; Germany’s
Bundesliga; Major League Soccer;
Concacaf’s Champions League and
Vujacic). Technical Fouls: Coach Fisher,
7:27 first. Flagrant Fouls: Anthony, 7:27
first. SOCCER
Boston . . . . . . . 21 24 25 27—97
Knicks. . . . . . . . 22 25 18 24—89 ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE
A—19,812 (19,763). T—2:10. Officials—Pat
Fraher, Leroy Richardson, Scott Wall. Tuesday's Matches
Arsenal 0, Southampton 0
Leicester City 2, Liverpool 0
Norwich 0, Tottenham 3
COLLEGE BASKETBALL Sunderland 0, Manchester City 1
West Ham 2, Aston Villa 0
MEN'S SCORES Crystal Palace 1, Bournemouth 2
Manchester United 3, Stoke 0
EAST
CCNY 82 . . . . . . . . . . . Staten Island 63
West Brom 1, Swansea 1

the deal effectively makes Fox the
English-language home of the team
for the foreseeable future.
“We get to tell the narrative of the
AUTO RACING
Stewart Hurt in Accident
Tony Stewart, a three-time Nascar
champion, was hospitalized Tuesday
with a back injury he sustained in an
accident Sunday while riding an all-
terrain vehicle. Stewart-Haas Racing
said that it was unsure of the extent
of his injuries but that he was able to
move all his extremities. (AP)
Æ Despite a rough 2015 season, Hon-
da said it had signed a new contract
to compete in IndyCar through at
least 2017. (AP)
SOCCER
complete the story of arguably the shown the ability to generate large Gold Cup; and the Scottish Premier Castleton 76 . . . . . . . . Colby-Sawyer 49 ENGLAND CHAMPIONSHIP
Haverford 79 . . . . . Washington (Md.) 69
team with the second-largest fan audiences. During the 2014 World League. It also shares a package of Manhattan 65. . . . . . . . . . . . . Rider 57 Tuesday's Matches
base in the United States.” Cup, the team’s two group stage United States national team games Syracuse 68 . . . . .
UMass 61 . . . . . . .
Virginia Tech 60, OT
Rhode Island 56, OT
Derby County 0, Preston North End 0
Ipswich 2, Reading 1
If the United States and Mexico games on ESPN averaged 3.1 mil- with ESPN. W. New England 66 . . . . . Wentworth 60 Sheffield Wednesday 1, Burnley 1
York (NY) 96 . . . . . . . . Brooklyn 94, 2OT Wolverhampton Wanderers 2, Bolton 2
SOUTH
Clemson 76 . . . . . . . . . . Wake Forest 62
SPORTS BRIEFING Duke 80 . . . . . . . .
Georgia 69 . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
. Georgia Tech
South Carolina
71
56 BASEBALL
LSU 80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auburn 68
Tennessee 84 . . . . . . . . . . Kentucky 77 REMAINING FREE AGENTS
MIDWEST
Investigators in both countries sus- Æ Kevin Punter Jr. had 27 points, and the female team traveled in economy Akron 80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ohio 68 The 75 remaining free agents (q-did not
pect that Neymar’s family and Bar- the host Tennessee men (11-11, 4-5 class to the 2012 Olympics in London Butler 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . Georgetown 76 accept qualifying offer):
Indiana 80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Michigan 67 AMERICAN LEAGUE
celona hid the value of his 2013 deal; Southeastern Conference) erased a while the men flew in business class. Indiana St. 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . Drake 56 BOSTON (1) — Craig Breslow, lhp.
Missouri St. 77 . . . . . . . . . . . Bradley 71
Brazil’s federal prosecution service 21-point deficit to win, 84-77, against (AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE) Toledo 89 . . . . . . . . . . . W. Michigan 62
CLEVELAND (3) — Gavin Floyd, rhp; Ryan
West Virginia 81 . . . . . . . . . Iowa St. 76
Raburn, dh; Ryan Webb, rhp.
accused Neymar and his father of No. 20 Kentucky (16-6, 6-3), which SOUTHWEST
DETROIT (3) — Joe Nathan, rhp; Alfredo
Simon, rhp; Randy Wolf, lhp.
forging contracts to pay less in taxes. lost its second straight. (AP) Oklahoma 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TCU 72
GOLF FAR WEST
KANSAS CITY (4) — Jonny Gomes, of;
Jeremy Guthrie, rhp; Franklin Morales, lhp;
(AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE) Æ Myke Henry had 27 points and 11 Air Force 70 . . . . . . . . . . . Wyoming 62
Æ Adrian Leiza, a member of Conme- Boise St. 70 . . . . . . . . . . . Utah St. 67
Alex Rios, of.
rebounds, and DePaul (8-14, 2-8 Big LOS ANGELES (6) — David DeJesus, of;
bol’s disciplinary committee, re- East), which had lost eight of nine,
Wrist Surgery for Furyk New Mexico 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . UNLV 8 David Freese, 3b; Matt Joyce, of; Mat Latos,
rhp; David Murphy, of; Shane Victorino, of.
signed and said South American soc- Jim Furyk, who last finished a tour- WOMEN'S SCORES MINNESOTA (4) — Blaine Boyer, rhp; Neal
held off No. 11 Providence (18-5, 6-4) Cotts, lhp; Brian Duensing, lhp; Torii Hunter,
cer’s reputation had been tarnished nament on Sept. 6, said he would EAST
for a 77-70 victory at home. (AP) CCNY 69 . . . . . . . . . . . Staten Island 67
of.
further after Conmebol, the sport’s have wrist surgery and miss three OAKLAND (1) — Barry Zito, lhp.
Æ Jaysean Paige scored 23 points, Monmouth (NJ) 72 . . . . . . Manhattan 62 SEATTLE (1) — Joe Beimel, lhp.
months. (AP) Quinnipiac 66. . . . . . . . . . St. Peter’s 49 TAMPA BAY (1) — Grady Sizemore, of.
continental confederation, reduced a and No. 14 West Virginia (18-4, 7-2 SOUTH
McNeese St. 92 . . . . . . New Orleans 63
TEXAS (4) — q-Yovani Gallardo, rhp; Ross
punishment for the Argentine club Big 12) rallied from a 15-point deficit MIDWEST
Ohlendorf, rhp; Drew Stubbs, of; Will
Venable, of.
Boca Juniors to two games. Boca had to win, 81-76, at No. 13 Iowa State PRO BASKETBALL
Indiana-East 79 . . . . . . . . . . Asbury 66 TORONTO (3) — Mark Buehrle, lhp; Jeff
Iowa St. 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kansas 53 Francis, lhp; LaTroy Hawkins, rhp.
been ordered to play eight games (16-6, 5-4). (AP) Maryland 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . Purdue 67
Nebraska 87 . . . . . . . . . . . Penn St. 69 NATIONAL LEAGUE
without its fans after fans attacked Æ Michael Gbinije scored 17 points to
Fowles Stays With Lynx SOUTHWEST NEW YORK METS (4) — Tyler Clippard,
lead Syracuse (16-8, 6-5 Atlantic
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West Virginia 69 . . . . . . . Texas Tech 42

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rhp; Eric O'Flaherty, lhp; Bobby Parnell,

Iowa St. 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kansas 53 rhp; Juan Uribe, 3b.
in May. (REUTERS) Coast Conference) to a 68-60 home The Minnesota Lynx re-signed Syl- Maryland 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . Purdue 67 CHICAGO (6) — Chris Denorfia, of;
Æ The Chinese team Guangzhou win over Virginia Tech (12-11, 4-6) in via Fowles, the most valuable player Nebraska 87 . . . . . . . . . . . Penn St. 69 q-Dexter Fowler, of; Dan Haren, rhp;
Arsenal Ties Southampton of the W.N.B.A. finals in October, and
SOUTHWEST Tommy Hunter, rhp; Austin Jackson, of;
Evergrande signed Atlético Madrid overtime. (AP) West Virginia 69 . . . . . . . Texas Tech 42 Fernando Rodney, rhp.
Arsenal played to a scoreless draw then dealt Devereaux Peters to Indi- CINCINNATI (4) — Burke Badenhop, rhp;
striker Jackson Martínez for $46 mil- Sean Marshall, lhp; Manny Parra, lhp; Skip
against visiting Southampton, leav- ana for Natasha Howard. (AP) TENNIS Schumaker, inf-of.
lion, the club said Wednesday, break- COLORADO (1) — Justin Morneau, 1b.
ing the team 5 points behind first- INTERNATIONAL SPORTS
ing the national transfer record. LOS ANGELES (4) — q-Howie Kendrick, 2b;
place Leicester in the Premier SUD DE FRANCE Joel Peralta, rhp; Jimmy Rollins, ss.
(AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE)
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

League, and Tottenham moved past
Arsenal, into third place, on goal dif-
ference, with a 3-0 win at Norwich.
Manchester City remained 3 points
behind Leicester with a 1-0 victory at
Sunderland, and host Manchester
United beat Stoke, 3-0. (AP)
Æ Brazilian prosecutors filed a tax
fraud and forgery case against Ney-
mar, a striker for Barcelona and Bra-
zil, hours after he testified in Spain.
COLLEGE BASKETBALL
Record Missed by a Point
Shatori Walker-Kimbrough scored 41
points, 1 shy of a team record, to lead
the No. 5 Maryland women (20-2, 9-1
Big Ten) to an 87-67 victory at Pur-
due (16-6, 7-4). (AP)
Australian Groups Warned
The sports minister in Australia and
the Australian Sports Commission
chairman warned top sports bodies
in the country that they would face
cuts if female and male athletes did
not travel in the same style when
taking part in major events overseas.
Basketball Australia had faced crit-
icism when it was discovered that
BASEBALL
Ryan Agrees to Contract
Infielder Brendan Ryan, a Yankee
from September 2013 through last
season, agreed to a minor league
contact with the Nationals. (AP)
Æ The Blue Jays acquired outfielder
Darrell Ceciliani from the Mets for
cash. He hit .206 in 68 at-bats as a
rookie last year. (AP)
Park & Suites Arena
MONTPELLIER, FRANCE
Singles
First Round
Jan-Lennard Struff, Germany, d. Nicolas
Mahut, France, 6-3, 7-5. Ruben Bemelmans,
Belgium, d. Joao Sousa (6), Portugal, 6-4,
3-6, 6-4. Paul-Henri Mathieu, France, d.
Elias Ymer, Sweden, 6-1, 6-4. Kenny de
Schepper, France, d. Nikoloz Basilashvili,
Georgia, 4-6, 7-6 (4), 6-3. Michael Berrer,
Germany, d. Borna Coric (7), Croatia, 7-6
(5), 6-2. Dustin Brown, Germany, d. Steve
Darcis, Belgium, 7-5, 7-5. Ernests Gulbis,
Latvia, d. Quentin Halys, France, 6-4, 6-3.
John Millman, Australia, d. Julien Benneteau,
France, 6-3, 6-0.
MIAMI (2) — Don Kelly, 3b; Casey
McGehee, 3b.
MILWAUKEE (1) — Kyle Lohse, rhp.
PHILADELPHIA (5) — Chad Billingsley, rhp;
Jeff Francoeur, of; Aaron Harang, rhp; Cliff
Lee, lhp; Jerome Williams, rhp.
PITTSBURGH (3) — A.J. Burnett, rhp; Corey
Hart, 1b; Aramis Ramirez, 3b.
ST. LOUIS (2) — Matt Belisle, rhp; Randy
Choate, lhp.
SAN DIEGO (2) — Clint Barmes, ss; Josh
Johnson, rhp.
SAN FRANCISCO (5) — Jeremy Affeldt,
lhp; Marlon Byrd, of; Tim Hudson, rhp; Tim
Lincecum, rhp; Marco Scutaro, 2b.
WASHINGTON (5) — q-Ian Desmond, ss;
Casey Janssen, rhp; Nate McLouth, of;
Matt Thornton, lhp; Dan Uggla, 2b.

On Signing Day, One Powerhouse Program May Benefit From a Talent Drain
By MARC TRACY
In college football, the rich gen-
erally get richer, but not before
they are briefly impoverished.
The perpetual personnel churn
in the college game gives the
coaches who are around for the
long haul an annual opportunity
to reload their rosters. It also
gives them, one imagines, a per-
sistent worry that they will dis-
cover that their biggest stars,
having departed for the riches of
the N.F.L., are irreplaceable.
Though this drama is ever-
present around successful col-
lege programs, there is one day
of the year when teams and their
fans experience it most intense-
ly: national signing day, when
high school prospects can sign
binding commitments to a given
program. For the class of 2016,
that day is Wednesday.
Michigan, coming off a 10-3
record in its first season under
Coach Jim Harbaugh, is hoping
to catapult itself to the top of the
recruiting game. Harbaugh’s
sleepovers and the presence of
Derek Jeter and Tom Brady at a
signing day ceremony in Ann Ar-
bor could help. Most useful, how-
ever, would be a signature from
the country’s top-rated player,
defensive tackle Rashan Gary of
New Jersey’s Paramus Catholic.
Louisiana State expects an-
other top recruiting class, which
may be the only thing that saves
Coach Les Miles, who was nearly
fired at the end of last season.
But the highest-stakes high-
wire act being performed
Wednesday will be in Columbus,
Ohio, where Ohio State has lost
nine underclassmen who have
declared for the N.F.L. draft, part
of a staggering talent exodus that
almost requires that the Buck-
eyes emerge from Wednesday
with the country’s top signing
class.
For all the official visits that
students make and flattering let-
ters that Coach Urban Meyer
writes, Ohio State’s best adver-
tisement, according to Josh
Helmholdt, a Midwest recruiting
analyst for Rivals.com, was last
year’s national championship.
And precisely because that title
came a year ago, now is the mo-
ment to expect Ohio State to reap
its benefits.
“A positive season always af-
fects the next class more than the
current class,” Helmholdt said,
Devils Squeak by Rangers and Move Closer to Second
By DAVE CALDWELL
NEWARK — Less than two
minutes before he scored the
game-winning goal Tuesday, de-
fenseman David Schlemko
coughed up
DEVILS 3 the puck with
RANGERS 2 the Devils on
a power play,
leading to a juicy short-handed
breakaway chance for Rangers
defenseman Ryan McDonagh.
McDonagh’s shot zipped wide,
and Schlemko, much like his
team, made the most of a second
chance, collecting a puck and, be-
fore the Rangers could cover him,
flinging it past goaltender Henrik
Lundqvist to give the Devils a
thrilling 3-2 victory at Prudential
Center.
“We’ve got to win these games
now,” Schlemko said.
Goaltender Cory Schneider
made 31 saves — six after
Schlemko scored at 11 minutes 14
seconds of the third period — to
help the Devils (26-20-5) protect
their first lead of the game and
move to 2 points behind the
Rangers (27-18-5) in the Metro-
politan Division.
The victory was the fifth in six
games for the Devils, who were
widely expected to finish at the
bottom of the division but have
played aggressively and with
passion under their first-year
coach, John Hynes.
“We’re the type of team where
we can’t have guys coast and
play,” said Hynes, whose team
has started making a realistic
push for a playoff spot.
The Rangers, who had won
four of six games before the All-
Star break, took 1-0 and 2-1 leads,
but the Devils, before a sellout
crowd of 16,514 that included
plenty of Rangers fans in blue,
came back to beat their rivals for
the second time in two games this
season.
The Devils’ first goal was
scored by Lee Stempniak, the
veteran forward who played for
the Rangers last season. He tied
the score at 1-1 at 1:34 of the sec-
ond period by flicking the re-
bound of a power-play shot by
Eric Gelinas past Lundqvist.
Rangers Coach Alain Vigneault
challenged the call, saying
Stempniak had interfered with
Lundqvist. After a replay, Stemp-
niak’s 15th goal of the season
stood. Stempniak scored the
game-winning goal in overtime in
the first game between the two
teams this season Oct. 18.
The Devils’ goal song was
Ohio State Coach Urban Meyer, left, after the Buckeyes defeated Notre Dame in the Fiesta Bowl on Jan. 1. With nine underclass-
men declaring for the N.F.L. draft and a year removed from a national title, Ohio State is positioned to make a recruiting haul.
“because the current class has al-
ready developed their opinions.”
He added: “The current ju-
niors and even current sopho-
mores — those are the guys that
you impact the most by having a
season like Ohio State did in 2014-
2015. And obviously, kids want to
play for championships.”
Only when the dust settles on
Wednesday evening will the
teams that came out on top be re-
vealed, but the three main re-
cruiting sites consider Ohio State
well positioned to scoop up the
nation’s best recruiting class.
Also sitting pretty are L.S.U.,
Mississippi, Florida State and —
in a surprise to no one — Ala-
bama.
But players’ transience can
also make it more difficult for
coaches to win on the days on
which they are paid to win. Those
come in November, December
played immediately after Stemp-
niak rose to the ice after he was
slammed down by Rangers de-
fenseman Kevin Klein, and again
after Stempniak was officially
awarded the goal at 1:34. The
Devils’ fans then taunted Lund-
qvist.
“As long as he keeps scoring, I
don’t care who it’s against,”
Schneider said of Stempniak,
who has 15 goals this season.
For his part, Stempniak
seemed to think it was appropri-
ate that a player like Schlemko
scored the game-winner. Schlem-
ko, 28, played for three teams last
season before signing a one-year,
$625,000 contract in September
with the Devils.
Schlemko was on the ice for
THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
COLLEGE FOOTBALL
and January, not February.
“The two things that impact
you the most, other than injuries,
are assistant coaches leaving ev-
ery year and the fact that you
have guys leaving your program
that are your best players, usu-
ally your leadership in the dress-
ing room,” said Mack Brown, the
former Texas coach, who won
one national title and played for
another.
He added, “Normally the
teams with the best leadership in
your senior class and the best
quarterback are going to win.”
Players who depart after they
have fulfilled N.F.L. require-
ments — essentially they must be
three years removed from high
school — but who still have a sea-
son or more of college eligibility
remaining can be particularly
backbreaking losses for coaches,
especially if they thought those
HOCKEY
AL BELLO/GETTY IMAGES
both of the Rangers’ goals, which
were scored by J. T. Miller — the
first as the lone defender back on
a two-on-one break, which ended
with Derick Brassard rapping a
pass to Miller that he chipped
past Schneider at 13:31 of the first
period. But Schlemko was also on
for the last goal of the game.
“Guys are working hard, guys
are getting a little more opportu-
nity, and guys are seizing the op-
portunity,” Stempniak said.
Miller scored his second goal
of the game, and his sixth in his
last five games, with a sharp-
angle shot from the right face-off
circle that darted under Schnei-
der’s glove at 2:06 of the third pe-
riod, putting the Rangers up by
one goal again.
MATT KARTOZIAN/USA TODAY SPORTS, VIA REUTERS
players would stick around an-
other year.
This quandary is likely to
strike many programs — the total
of 96 early entrants approved for
this year’s N.F.L. draft is just
short of the record 98 in 2014. Oth-
er than 2015, the number of such
entrants has risen every year re-
cently. And it has done so drasti-
cally: 96 is more than double the
46 players who left college early
in 2009.
Gil Brandt, a longtime N.F.L.
personnel expert who writes for
NFL.com, attributed the trend
partly to the yawning gap be-
tween the number of draft spots
— 256, spanning seven rounds —
and the more than 800 agents
registered by the N.F.L. Players
Association.
Referring to agents, Brandt
said, “They go to these younger
guys and they explain they’ve
ED MULHOLLAND/USA TODAY, VIA REUTERS
The Devils’ Kyle Palmieri (21),
above, skating with the puck
past the Rangers’ Jesper Fast.
Left, J. T. Miller, who scored
both Rangers goals, trying to
slip a shot by Cory Schneider.
But the lead lasted only 67 sec-
onds. The Devils’ Joseph Blandi-
si, a forward playing in only his
12th N.H.L. game, took a pass
from defenseman Andy Greene
and steamed around defenseman
Dan Girardi before beating Lund-
qvist for his second goal of the
season.
“I kind of had the same angle
in the first period, but I passed it
off,” said Blandisi, who scored a
goal Jan. 21 against Ottawa in the
Devils’ previous home game.
Before the game Hynes
stressed to his players that their
special teams needed to be bet-
ter. The Devils were 2 for 2 on
their power play; the Rangers
went 0 for 4. The Devils had al-
lowed seven power-play goals in
seven games before the break.
Now the Devils have 31 games
to play, and they said they would
not get too excited about making
the playoffs after missing them in
four of the last five years. They
are still a short-handed team; on
Tuesday they played without the
veteran Mike Cammalleri, who
has an injured hand.
One game into the unofficial
second half of the season, they
still have a lot of resolve.
‘seen the draft’ — that’s the
words they use — and, ‘You’re
going to be picked in the second
round.’” (N.C.A.A. rules techni-
cally bar agents from contacting
players who are not in the draft;
Brandt suggested agents some-
times find ways to communi-
cate.)
Brandt added, “I wish some-
one would show me the draft, so
that I wouldn’t have to spend all
this time working on it.”
The nine Ohio State players
with remaining eligibility who
have been approved for the draft
are one short of the record of 10
produced by L.S.U.’s 2012 team.
And the latest NFL.com mock
draft shows six Buckeyes going
in the first round, which would tie
Miami’s record from 2004.
“We have some young people
— some fourth-year guys, two
who have graduated — who have
Nelson Scores His 20th Goal
As Islanders Defeat the Wild
By The Associated Press
Brock Nelson’s team-leading
20th goal broke a tie late in the
second period, Jean-Francois Be-
rube made 40 saves for his first
N.H.L. win, and the Islanders
beat the Minnesota Wild, 5-3, at
Barclays Center in Brooklyn on
Tuesday night.
Mikhail Grabovski and John
Tavares each had a goal and an
assist, and Anders Lee and Frans
Nielsen also scored for the Is-
landers.
Charlie Coyle, Jason Pomin-
ville and Nino Niederreiter
scored goals for the Wild. Devan
Dubnyk gave up five goals on 30
shots, and Darcy Kuemper
stopped all eight shots he faced.
After the Islanders took a 2-1
lead on goals by Grabovski and
Lee early in the second, Pomin-
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ØN B15
a national championship and
have decided to chase their
dreams,” Meyer told reporters
last month.
Among them are Ezekiel El-
liott, a running back who was a
contender for the Heisman Tro-
phy; Joey Bosa, a defensive end
who is projected to be selected in
the top 10; and Cardale Jones, the
onetime backup quarterback who
led the Buckeyes to overwhelm-
ing victories in the 2014 Big Ten
championship game, and then
the Sugar Bowl and the national
championship game. The list also
includes talented defenders like
cornerback Eli Apple and line-
backer Darron Lee and pass
catchers like Jalin Marshall and
Michael Thomas.
Also leaving are two talented
seniors: Taylor Decker, an offen-
sive lineman probably headed for
the first round, and Braxton Mill-
er, a two-time Big Ten offensive
player of the year at quarterback
who converted to halfback for his
final season.
As big a blow as these losses
should be to Ohio State on the
field, Helmholdt argued that they
actually could benefit the Buck-
eyes in recruiting.
“Losing early entrants only
helps,” he said, “because it opens
roster spots and shows recruits
there is space to come contrib-
ute.”
In contrast, Alabama lost only
two players with eligibility re-
maining: running back Derrick
Henry, who is fresh off a Heis-
man-winning campaign, and
A’Shawn Robinson, a 320-pound
defensive lineman who gives new
meaning to the word “imposing.”
Theoretically, this should hurt
Alabama Coach Nick Saban’s re-
cruiting, and indeed he seems
poised to finish with merely a
top-five class this year.
But instead of clearing out
room for new blood, Saban re-
tained numerous key contribu-
tors to last year’s team, which
won the Crimson Tide’s fourth
national title in seven seasons.
The returnees include the title
game’s offensive and defensive
most valuable players, tight end
O.J. Howard and safety Eddie
Jackson. Both are juniors and
might have been first-round
picks.
In other words, save the tears
you might have shed for Ala-
bama.
N.H.L. ROUNDUP
ville tied it with 1 minute 34 sec-
onds left in the period. Nelson put
the Islanders ahead for good with
42 seconds remaining.
PANTHERS 5, CAPITALS 2 Jona-
than Huberdeau scored twice
during a 3-point night, and Flor-
ida thumped host Washington.
VARLAMOV VERDICT A jury has
sided with Colorado Avalanche
goaltender Semyon Varlamov in
a lawsuit filed against him by a
former girlfriend, Evgeniya Vav-
rinyuk, who claimed he beat her
during an argument in 2013.
The Denver Post reported ju-
rors awarded Varlamov $126,000
in damages after his lawyers ar-
gued that Vavrinyuk was trying
to get a payout from him and that
the evidence did not support her
claims of a brutal attack.
MARSHAL /
SHERIFF
SALES
(3650)
MARSHAL EXECUTION SALE
PUBLIC AUCTION
Re: Parking Violations VS Various
Judgment Debtors. I Will Sell
at Public Auction for
City Marshal Frank Siracusa or any
other City Marshal By Arthur Vigar
Auctioneer DCA#0767619 On Friday,
February 5, 2016 At 1:00PM, or any time
thereafter At Ken Ben Ind.
364 Maspeth Avenue, Brooklyn, N.Y.
All R/T/I in & to the Following Vehicles:
MANAGER
80 MERCEDES
11 FORD
12313012196426
2FABP7AV1BX137434
98 TOYOTA 2T1BR12E6WC041065
01 ACURA 19UYA42771A035150
90 CHRYSLER 1C3XY66R2LD753157
05 CHRYSLER
05 NISSAN
2C8GF48415R351989
3N1CB51D95L574728
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
04 CHEVR 1GNDT13S542369949
Following Vehicles Sold With Liens
05 NISSAN 1N4AL11E85C320903
11 INFINITI
06 FORD
JN1DV6AR0BM450104
1FAFP53U76A255528
Following Vehicles Sold As Salvage
07 SUZUKI KL5JD56Z67K528948
04 MAZDA JM1BK12F641154013
05 NISSAN 1N4BA41E25C841501
97 BMW
98 HONDA
WBADE632XVBW53110
1HGEJ6220WL055464
01 FORD 1FTNS24LX1HA75176
DOWNTOWN 03 HYUNDAI KMHDN45DX3U535027
04DODGE-Lien 2D4GP44L04R515665
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
LUXURY LEASING CENTER
93INFINITI-Lien JNKAY21D9PM024969
212-430-5900 CASH ONLY Inspect Hr. Prior to Sale
City Marshal Frank Siracusa
10 Liberty Street at William Street Badge# 72 Phone (718) 855-3434
NOTICES &
LOST AND
FOUND
(5100-5102)
The 2016 ORT America Annual Meet-
ing will take place Sunday, March 6,
2016 from 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM at the Or-
lando World Center Marriot, 8701 World
Center Drive, Orlando, FL. For more
information please go to
www.ortamerica.org/annualmeeting.
B16 N THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Deaths Deaths Deaths

Fein, Adele Kaplan, Richard
Friedman, Jessie Kohnop, Pearl
Greenberg, Kenneth Lovett, Laurence
Greenberg, Molly Maidman, Gail
Gross, Martin Mears, Deann
Gross, Ronald Mueller, John
FEIN–Adele Polansky,
on Sunday, January 31, 2016,
of Rockville, MD. Beloved
wife of Elliott; devoted moth-
er of Elaine and Aaron
(Melissa); loving sister of
Leon (Evelyn) Polansky and
loving grandmother of Abra
and Mira. Funeral service to
be determined.
FRIEDMAN–Jessie,
age 62, of Manhattan, passed
away January 31, 2016. Jessie
was a devoted father, hus-
band and friend who was also
a sports enthusiast, gifted sto-
ryteller and an inspiration to
all who knew him. Jessie, you
will be greatly missed.
Friends from the Stuyvesant
Town neighborhood
and Tiana Bay Estates
GREENBERG–Kenneth
Alan, M.D. Beloved husband
of Barbara Safran, adored
father of Rachel and Daniel,
loving son of Carole and Her-
bert Greenberg, cherished
brother of Marc and Robert
Roberts, Norma
Rosenthal, Irwin
Sanders, Reva
Sherman, Muriel
Sussman, Marvin
GROSS–Martin L.
Martin L. Gross of New Lon-
don, NH and Ocean Ridge, FL
died on Tuesday, January 26,
2016 in Ushuaia, Argentina
following a stroke suffered en
route to Antarctica. He was
77 years old. Martin s adven-
tures began in New York City
where he was born on Octo-
ber 22, 1938. As a young child,
Martin and his older brother,
Woolf, were dispatched to
summer camps and later to
working cattle ranches in
Utah during the summer
months to escape the polio
outbreaks that plagued New
York City in the years follow-
GROSS–Ronald M.
The Board of Directors of 125
East 63rd Street is deeply
saddened by the passing of
its member, Ronald M. Gross.
Ron was a longtime resident
of the building and the retired
Chairman and CEO of
Rayonier, Inc., an internation-
al forest products company.
He also was a director of
Lukens Steel, Brinks, Inc. and
Corn Products International.
We extend our condolences
to his wife, Grecia, his child-
ren and grandchildren. The
family has requested that, in
lieu of flowers, donations be
made to charity.
KAPLAN–Richard S., 87,
magazine editor. Survived by
wife, Julia; daughters, Susan
Burkat and Nancy Kaplan;
grandson, Daniel K. Rubin;
brother, Howard C. Kaplan.
KOHNOP–Pearl, 97,
on January 30, 2016. Devoted
wife of the late Dr. Benjamin
Kohnop. An avid reader and
bridge player, she is survived
by three generations of lov-
ing nieces and nephews. Ser-
vices private. Donations in
her memory to Dysautonom-
ia Foundation, 315 West 39th
St., #701, New York, NY 10118.
LOVETT–Laurence D.
The Metropolitan Opera
mourns the death of Lau-
rence D. Lovett, who was a
distinguished member of the
Board for more than 45 years.
Mr. Lovett served as a Man-
aging Director from 1971-1989
and as an Honorary Director
from 1989 until his death. He
chaired the Executive Com-
mittee in 1975-76, served as
MUELLER–John Cochran,
80, died on January 21, 2016.
He was born in Lancaster,
PA, but was a lifelong res-
ident of New York City and
Fire Island. A graduate of
Phillips Exeter Academy,
Yale University (1956) and
the University of Pennsylva-
nia Law School (1959), he
practiced law with Milbank,
Tweed, Hadley & McCloy for
a number of years, during
which time he also served in
the U.S. Army reserve. His
great love was the theater
and he was the consummate
theatergoer and supporter,
not only attending plays but
providing financial support to
a number of off-Broadway
plays over the years. He
served on several non-profit
boards, including Urban Sta-
ges and Plays for Living. He
had a wonderful sense of hu-
mor, was a marvelous pianist
and a very talented photo-
grapher, was a most loyal
friend and possessed a gift
for bringing people together.
He had a magnificent collec-
tion of motion pictures on
tape and disc, which he orga-
nized alphabetically by stu-
dio. He was a member of Hol-
land Lodge No. 8, F. & A.M.
and for a number of years
was a member of The Play-
ers and The Yale Club of New
York City. John is survived by
his brother, Paul A. Mueller,
Jr. and his wife, Jane, of Lan-
caster, and three nieces,
Anne M. Leahy, Southern ASSOCIATED PRESS
Pines, NC, Catherine M. Boy-
er, Oxford, New Zealand, and A mail train to London that was hijacked on Aug. 8, 1963, by Gordon Goody and 14 other men.
Elizabeth G. Mueller, La Jol-
la, CA, and four grand-nieces The gang made off with the equivalent of $50 million today, then the world’s largest cash robbery.
and a grand-nephew. He was
buried in a private ceremony

Gordon Goody Dies at 85; Was a Leader

and devoted uncle, passed
away on January 31st. Servi-
ces on Thursday, February
4th, 11am at Congregation
Shir Shalom, Ridgefield, CT.
ing World War II. After high in Lancaster. A memorial
Vice President from 1976 to service will be scheduled in
school, Martin headed north
to Cambridge, MA where he 1986 and as Vice Chairman New York City in the spring.
from 1986 to 1989. In addition, Memorial remembrances
attended both Harvard Col-
lege and Harvard Law he was President of the Me- can be made to Urban Sta-

Of the Gang in the Great Train Robbery

GREENBERG–Molly, on Fe-
bruary 1, 2016 at 99 years of
age. Beloved wife of the late
Milton. Devoted and loving
mother of Margie and the
late Paul Smith, Larry and
Judy Greenberg. Cherished
and adoring grandmother
and great-grandmother, sis-
ter, aunt, great-aunt, cousin
and friend. Sincerest love,
thanks, and gratitude to Ma-
rie and Cynthia for Molly s
wonderful care. Donations in
Molly s name can be made to
the Brain Aneurysm Founda-
tion or a charity of your
choice. Services Wednesday,
February 3, 2016 at Riverside
Nassau North Chapels, 55
North Station Plaza, Great
Neck, NY.
School, graduating from the
latter in 1964. Before embark-
ing on his first job as a law
clerk in New Hampshire,
Martin and his first wife, the
late Caroline Lord Gross, pur-
chased a Volkswagen pop-up
camper and drove to Alaska
with Martin s mother, Harriet.
Harriet slept in the camper;
Martin and Caroline slept out-
doors in a tent. After several
weeks of abysmal weather
the camper was coated with
a thick layer of adobe-
colored mud. When the trio
returned to Concord and
washed the car for the first
time, it was in pristine condi-
tion. Thereafter, Martin
never worried much if his car
was dirty. Following his clerk-
ship, Martin joined the Con-
cord, New Hampshire law
firm of Sulloway & Hollis,
P.L.L.C. from which he re-
tired (while maintaining se-
nior counsel status) in 2015 af-
ter more than 50 years of dis-
tinguished service to his
clients and to the New Hamp-
shire Bar. As with everything
else in life, Martin viewed the
practice of law as an adven-
ture. He delighted in besting
his adversaries and often de-
veloped long and lasting
friendships with them. His in-
house writing boot camps
were legendary and his wit
and charm were ever present
at the office and in the court-
room. While working full-
time as a Sulloway lawyer,
Martin served three terms as
the mayor of Concord. Dur-
ing these years, Martin deve-
loped a real talent for cook-
ing. This was driven by ne-
cessity since Caroline s busy
schedule at the State House
meant she was often home
late. Undeterred by a com-
plete lack of training (and by
a lifelong aversion to cook-
books) Martin channeled his
inner top chef and produced
thousands of wonderful
meals for friends and family.
The informal Sunday Sup-
pers he enjoyed with his
close friends Malcolm and
Susan McLane, Liz and Den-
nis Hager and other dear
Concord friends were a social
staple. Six years after the loss
of his beloved Caroline in
1993, fate intervened and
Martin met his second wife,
Deirdre Sheerr-Gross, ar-
chitect, New London, NH. The
meeting occurred at Chica-
go s O Hare Airport where
both were waiting to board a
flight back to New Hamp-
shire. It would turn out to be a
kismet flight on United Air-
lines (friendly skies indeed!)
with Deirdre sitting in seat 2B
and Martin (who always flew
coach and never paid for up-
grades) inexplicably seated
in seat 3B directly behind
Deirdre. Seeing that seat 2A
was open, Martin leaned over
and graciously asked Deirdre
Can I buy you dinner? They
have been having dinner
together ever since. This epi-
sode gave Martin plenty of
fodder for his expansive re-
pertoire of bad puns.... Unit-
ed Airlines.... 2B or not to
be.... Martin made the most
of it. Six months later, in July
2000, Martin and Deirdre
were married. During their 15
year marriage, Martin and
Deirdre traveled the world.
Despite temporary setbacks
(Martin s surgeries, lost lug-
gage, etc.) they visited South
America, Africa, Australia,
New Zealand, Canada, Cen-
tral America and multiple Eu-
ropean countries. This past
September, Martin and
Deirdre rented an Airstream
trailer and toured Grand Te-
ton and Yellowstone parks;
they did not have to sleep
outdoors. Over the past few
years, one of Martin s hap-
piest endeavors was building
a warm winter getaway in
Ocean Ridge, FL. He loved
living in a house designed by
his wife, Deirdre. Two weeks
ago, Martin and Deirdre left
for Antarctica; a trip that was
to be Martin s last great ad-
venture. While southbound
on his way to Antarctica on a
cruise ship he suffered a
stroke and had to be trans-
ferred to a passing north-
bound vessel. That ship
docked safely in Ushuaia (the
cruise s point of origin) where
Martin underwent surgery to
relieve a subdural hemato-
tropolitan Opera Guild from
1971 to 1979, and Guild Chair-
man from 1979 to 1986. He
was also active in the Metro-
politan Opera National Coun-
cil. On behalf of everyone at
the Met, we extend our sin-
cere condolences to his fami-
ly and friends.
Ann Ziff,
Chairman of the Board
Judith-Ann Corrente,
President & CEO
Peter Gelb,
General Manager
LOVETT–Laurence Dow.
The Board of Directors and
staff of the Metropolitan
Opera Guild are saddened by
the death of our friend and
esteemed Board member,
Laurence D. Lovett. Larry
joined the Guild Board in 1961,
and served with distinction as
our President and later as our
Chairman. His support of the
Guild was inspired by his pro-
found, lifelong love of opera
and music, and we will miss
him.
MAIDMAN–Gail Ann Lowe.
On January 31, 2016 of New
York, NY, peacefully, sur-
rounded by family, Gail left
the world of the living and
joined her parents in the Gar-
den of G-D. Magnificent and
beautiful Gail s time came and love for his wife that put
too soon for her loved ones.
Her kindness, beauty, gra-
ciousness, wit, and elegance, tients with Crohn s disease
will shine on. Beloved wife of and ulcerative colitis is im-
Richard H. M. Maidman, de-
voted ex-wife of Stephen D.
Haymes. Nurturing mother of
Evan A. Haymes (Regina)
and Starr H. Kempin
(Jacques). Kind stepmother
of Patrick (Jacqueline, de-
ceased) Maidman, Mitchel SANDERS–Reva M., died Fe-
(Arlene) Maidman and Dag-
ny (Molly) Maidman. Loving and deeply loved woman. A
Momma Gail of Esme,
Theodore Haymes and Sterl-
ing Kempin. Loving Step-
Momma Gail to Allison, Bea-
trice, Jonathan, Harrison, Ju- February 5 at 11:15am.
lia, Ezra, Sage and Cassidy
Maidman. For Shiva informa- SHERMAN–Muriel F.,
tion please call 212-755-2595. 95, passed away peacefully
Celebration Service to be
held Wednesday, April 6,
11am at Temple Emanu-El,
Fifth Avenue at 65th Street.
MAIDMAN–Gail Ann Lowe.
In loving memory of Gail Ann
Lowe Maidman. Extraordin- grew up in New York City, a
ary wife to our father Rich-
ard, stepmother to us all, and and Ida Kroman. She was a
grandmother to our children.
Patrick, Arlene, Mitchel,
Dagny, & Molly
MAIDMAN–Gail Ann Lowe.
On January 31, 2016 our dear
Mother and Momma Gail
moved from our earthly hugs
and kisses to becoming our
everlasting guiding light.
Shine bright beloved Mom.
Adoringly, Evan Adam,
Regina (nee Teplitsky),
Esme Jemma and Theodore
Mason Lowe Haymes
MAIDMAN–Gail.
UJA-Federation of New York
mourns the passing of Gail
Maidman. Gail s compassion ly at the Tradition Of The
and dedication helped to im-
prove countless lives around
the world. She leaves behind
a loving family that will carry (Marilyn) Sherman, Michael
on a tradition of exceptional
Jewish philanthropy. We ex-
tend our heartfelt condolen-
ces to Gail s beloved hus- den, Larry (Rachael) Sher-
band, Richard; her children, man, Joshua (Andrea) Sher-
Evan (Regina) and Starr
Kempin (Jacques), and step-
children, Patrick, Mitchel
(Arlene), and Dagny (Molly); and fiance Brendon Cohen,
her grandchildren; and the
entire family.
Alisa R. Doctoroff, President; Diem and Ryan Schroeder;
Linda Mirels, Chair of the great-grandchildren, Gabby
Board; Eric S. Goldstein, CEO Linden, Jacob and Julia Sher-
MAIDMAN–Gail Ann Lowe.
We mourn the passing of an
extraordinarily beautiful, ac- Sherman
complished and loving wo-
man. Our deepest condolen-
ces to Richard.
Lori Buchbinder,
Susan Buchbinder,
Gene Warren
and the entire staff of
Buchbinder & Warren.
MAIDMAN–Gail. We have
lost the most beautiful, kind-
hearted and generous friend.
There will never be another
Gail. Our deepest condolen-
ces to Richard, Starr,
Jacques, Evan and Regina.
Lorraine and Herbert Podell
ges, 555 8th Avenue, Room
1800, New York 10018.
ROBERTS–Norma
Raymond, of Scarsdale, NY,
died on January 31, 2016. She
was 96. Norma grew up in Mt.
By SAM ROBERTS Mr. Goody was one of only two
Vernon, NY, and attended
Barnard College. In 1944 she
married Alvin V. Roberts. Gordon Goody, who combined gang members who had contrived
Their four children and four the rakishness of James Bond an alibi, but it collapsed when the
grandchildren survive them.
In 1975, Norma began a with the bravado of Jesse James plotters postponed the robbery af-
career as a real estate agent.
to help conjure up Britain’s dare- ter they had learned that the next
She retired at age 88. She was
active in Scarsdale civic af- devil Great Train Robbery in 1963, day’s train would be carrying
fairs and maintained a life-
long love of music and her fa- died on Friday in Mojácar, Spain. even more cash.
mily. She is very much He was 85. The ambush had all the trap-
missed. The funeral will be
held on Wednesday, Februa- His death was confirmed by of- pings of a western. Mr. Goody was
ry 3, at 1pm at Ballard Durand
Funeral Services, 2 Maple ficials in Mojácar, his adopted said to have been the quartermas-
Avenue, White Plains, NY. Andalusian town on the Mediter- ter, wrangling the necessary vehi-
ROSENTHAL–Irwin M. ranean, where he owned and ran cles and other matériel.
The volunteers and staff of
the Crohn s & Colitis Founda- the Chiringuito Kon Tiki beach- Hijacking a speeding diesel lo-
tion of America join with the
IBD community in mourning front bar after he was released comotive near Cheddington, just
the passing of Irwin M. from prison in 1975. No cause was north of London, proved surpris-
Rosenthal, co-founder of
CCFA, philanthropist, entre- specified, but he was reported to ingly simple: The thieves placed a
preneur, and attorney. Moti- have had emphysema. glove over the green railway sig-
vated by his wife Suzanne s
struggle with Crohn s disease, Mr. Goody’s death is believed to nal and attached a battery to illu-
Irwin co-founded the Crohn s
& Colitis Foundation of Amer- leave only two surviving mem- minate the red bulb.
ica. It was the combination of bers of the unarmed 15-man gang But after the police found the
Irwin s tenacity, compassion
that staged the robbery, an auda- gang’s farm hide-out, most of the
CCFA on the road to success.
cious, nighttime ambush of the EVENING STANDARD/HULTON ARCHIVE suspects were captured two
His impact on the lives of pa-
Glasgow-to-London Royal Mail Mr. Goody was arrested on weeks later. Mr. Goody was seized
measurable. Donations in his train on Aug. 8, 1963. Oct. 6, 1963, and served 12 at the Leicester Grand Hotel with
honor can be made to CCFA s It was the world’s largest cash years of a 30-year prison term. his girlfriend after a barmaid had
Irwin M. and Suzanne R.
Rosenthal IBD Resource Cen- robbery at the time. The gang mistakenly identified him as Mr.
ter at online.ccfa.org/
made off with 2.6 million pounds, Reynolds.
IrwinRosenthal. Our sincere
condolences to his family. or the equivalent of nearly $50 Reunited with his parents in At Mr. Goody’s sentencing, Jus-
million today. Little of the take, in- London during World War II, he tice Edmund Davies said: “You
bruary 2. A devoted, fiery,
cluding Mr. Goody’s share, which was arrested for the first time present to the court one of the sad-
NYC teacher for 30 years and
would be worth about $3.6 million when he was 17 on charges of mug- dest problems by which it is con-
teacher to her family and
friends for a lifetime. Service today, was recovered. ging a gay man who had made fronted in the trial. You have man-
at Riverside Chapel, Friday,
After serving 12 years of a 30- sexual advances to one of Mr. ifest gifts of personality and intel-
year sentence, Mr. Goody left the Goody’s friends. He was sen- ligence which might have carried
country and largely faded away — tenced to 21 months in prison and you far had they been directed to
on Tuesday, February 2, 2016 12 lashes with birch branches. honesty.”
in West Palm Beach, FL. She the gang’s Quiet Man figure. Out
was predeceased by her late
of public view for nearly four By mid-1963 Mr. Goody was al- Released from prison 12 years
beloved husband Louis. They
were married for 63 wonder- decades, he resurfaced several ready a career criminal, a 33-year- later, Mr. Goody moved in with his
ful years. Muriel was a strong
years ago, granting interviews on old ex-convict with nine verdicts ailing mother again, complaining
and vivacious woman who
the 50th anniversary of the heist against him. A brawny 6-foot-3, he that too much of his loot had been
daughter of the late Louis
and co-writing a book, “How to spent on legal fees or plundered
proud graduate of the second
graduating class of Queens Rob a Train,” published in 2014. by a friend he had entrusted it to.
College majoring in music “I think it’s fair to say that with- Moving to Spain, he pursued a
and education and a charter
member of the Iota Alpha Pi out me there wouldn’t have been a Long silent, but later relatively quiet life with his long-
sorority. She taught briefly in
Great Train Robbery,” Mr. Goody time partner, Maria, with whom
boasting of a role as
the NYC school system. Mur-
iel was a life member of Ha- gloated. he had a daughter. He told The
more than a No. 2
dassah and had many
friends. She was a devoted It was Mr. Goody who was first Guardian in 2014 that he had ad-
daughter, sister, wife, mother,
alerted by his sometime lawyer vised her son, “Don’t ever try to
grandmother, great-grand-
mother and aunt. She loved
to read the New York Times.
that the mail train might be vul- man in a 1963 heist. imitate your granddad.”
She raised her family in Hollis nerable to a gutsy and well-orga- In 2013, in a BBC mini-series
Hills, NY and in Long Beach, nized robbery. He then enlisted about the train robbery, Mr. Goody
LI. In 1978 she moved to Boca
Raton and Delray Beach with his occasional partner in crime, was played by Paul Leonard.
was a charismatic playboy who
her husband. The last five
years she lived independent-
Bruce Reynolds. Mr. Goody became a friendly
While Mr. Goody was always wore bespoke suits and a Rolex presence in Mojácar as the propri-
Palm Beaches. Muriel is sur-
vived by her sister Shirley considered one of the master- watch and drove a Jaguar. etor of the beachfront bar. In a no-
Saperstein, sons, Rabbi Alan
minds of the plot, he resented the At the time of the robbery Mr. tice on its municipal website, offi-
(Ruth) Sherman and Cantor fact that Mr. Reynolds was most Goody was engaged to a woman cials there lauded him as “a com-
Glenn Sherman; grandchild-
ren, Pamela (Spencer) Lin- often identified as the gang’s chief about 10 years his junior, though plete gentleman, far removed
architect. (Mr. Reynolds died in he still lived with his mother in a from the image that those who
man, Laura (Avi) Fisher, Jo- 2013.) modest cottage in Putney in didn’t know him might have had
nathan Sherman, Steven (Li- “I do take exception to being re- southwest London. He had had from those difficult years that
sa) Sherman, Traci Sherman
ferred to, as I have been from time “Dear Mother” tattooed on one marked a large part of his life.”
Hannah Sherman,
Diem, Rena Diem, Shira
Amy
to time, as Bruce’s No. 2,” Mr. arm. The notice added, “We will al-
Goody wrote. “I wasn’t No. 2 to He was often described in news ways remember his smile and his
anybody.” accounts as a hairdresser, but he big heart that was always open to
man, Joseph, Emma and
Jack Sherman, Lila Fisher,
Accounts vary, but Douglas had actually only invested some of those around him.”
Jenna, Alexa and Andrew Gordon Goody wrote that he was his ill-gotten gains in salons. Regardless of his image, Mr.
and Taeva
Schroeder. Services on born in Oxford, Northern Ireland, The lawyer who tipped him off Goody had no illusions about his
Thursday, February 4, 2016, in 1930 (most sources say on about the mail train was fed de- career goals.
11:00am at IJ Morris Funeral
Chapel, 9321 Memorial Park March 11) to a soldier and a maid tails by a mysterious informant, a “My old man wanted me to be a
Rd. in West Palm Beach. A
reception and shiva will be but was reared by an aunt and un- Belfast-born postal worker known plumber’s mate,” he recalled. “I
held at the Tradition Of The cle, a chicken farmer. He attended only as “the Ulsterman.” Mr. wanted to be a criminal. You never
Palm Beaches, 4920 Loring
Dr., West Palm Beach, begin- a one-room school, he said, and re- Goody finally identified him by have to work hard to be a criminal.
ning at 3:00pm on Thursday.
Shiva will also be held Friday
called one teacher as a “brutal name in a 2014 documentary, “A You do something, see something,
11:00am-3:00pm at The Lex- pig.” Tale of Two Thieves.” you’ve no money, you take it.”
ington Club, Delray Beach.
SUSSMAN–Marvin.
Mr. Marvin Sussman passed
away on February 1 in his

Signe Anderson, 74, Jefferson Airplane Singer

ma. Despite excellent care
and a successful surgery,
Martin contracted an infec-
tion from which he did not re-
cover. Martin loved the spon-
taneity and unpredictability
of travel. He would have ap-
preciated the irony of his last
great adventure. Martin is
survived by his wife, Deirdre
Sheerr-Gross, of New Lon-
don, NH; his brother, Woolf
Gross (spouse Lucy) of Ar-
lington, VA; a nephew, Wil-
liam Gross, of Arlington, VA;
two cousins, John and
Charles Gross, both of New
York City, and his brother-in-
law (affectionately referred
to as hermano west, Hugh
McCrystal (spouse Polly). In
addition, Martin is survived
by dozens of close friends in-
cluding his childhood friend,
Peter Soloman (who Martin
always introduced as the
home. Born on March 17,
Allison and Brad Saft
1927, he was a devoted son,
brother, uncle, great-uncle
MAIDMAN–Gail. and dear friend. Marvin was
In loving memory. A dearest a WWII Navy Veteran as well
friend. We will all miss you. as a Professor of Law at By The Associated Press to her first child and decided to
Barbara
NYU. He was also affiliated
with the Yeshiva University Signe Toly Anderson, the origi- leave the group. She left after a
MAIDMAN–Gail Ann Lowe. and Mt. Sinai Nurses Associa- nal female vocalist with Jefferson farewell concert at the Fillmore in
Fifth Avenue Synagogue re- tion. Additionally, he was an
cords with profound sorrow honored alumni of the Hast- Airplane, who left the band after October 1966 and was replaced the
the passing of its esteemed
member and extends heart-
ings College of Law. Funeral
its first album and was replaced next night by Ms. Slick, formerly
Services will be held at 10am,
felt sympathy to the be- Wednesday, February 3 at by Grace Slick, died on Thursday of the San Francisco group the
reaved.
Eli Babich, Associate Rabbi 98-60
Parkside Memorial Chapels,
Queens Boulevard, at her home in Beaverton, Ore. Great Society.
Walter J. Molofsky, Rego Park, NY 11374, She was 74. Ms. Slick brought with her a
M.D., Chairman 718-896-9000, followed by in-
Jacob D. Gold, President terment at the Union Field Her death was confirmed by fierce vocal style very different
MEARS–DeAnn,
cemetery. No flowers please.
her daughter, Onateska Ladybug from Ms. Anderson’s soulful con-
83 years old, died January 31, SUSSMAN–Marvin, JD. Sherwood, who said that Ms. An- tralto, as well as two songs from
2016. Ms. Mears spent her life The Yeshiva University fami-
in the theatre. She was well ly mourns the passing of our derson had chronic obstructive the Great Society’s repertoire,
known for her leading roles in longtime friend Marvin Suss- pulmonary disease. She had sur- “Somebody to Love” and “White
the American Conservatory man, Esq., who served with
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Rabbit,” which would become the

CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW

man I ve never not known ),
Will and Sherry Rogers and
their two daughters, Anne
and Catherine (who were
Martin s goddaughters and
who lovingly called him
Uncle Martin ), Peter and
Jean Burling, Rick and Karla
Karash, Alex Bernhart and
Myra Mayman, Merwyn and
Carol Bagan, and others too
numerous to name. In honor
Theatre, where she played in distinction on the YU Planned vived cancer in her 30s.
Tiny Alice, Tartuffe, and Giving Committee for sever- band’s biggest hits.
The Royal Family among al decades. He was wise, Ms. Anderson died the same
others. On Broadway she ap- humble and kind, often offer-
day as another original member of Signe Toly was born in Seattle
peared in Abelard and He- ing his services pro bono. He
loise with Diana Rigg, Tiny will be remembered with the Airplane, the singer and gui- on Sept. 15, 1941, and raised in Port-
abiding gratitude. May his fa-
Alice, Too Good to be True tarist Paul Kantner, who was also land, Ore., after her parents di-
(standing by for Lillian Gish) mily be comforted among MICHAEL OCHS ARCHIVES/GETTY IMAGES
and Showboat at City Cen- those who mourn for Zion 74. vorced. She began performing
ter in 1954. She also per- and Jerusalem.
Richard M. Joel, President, In the 1960s, Ms. Anderson was professionally while still in high From left, Marty Balin, Signe
Toly Anderson and Jorma
formed in Dear Liar at the
Roundabout Theatre with Je- Yeshiva University
living in San Francisco and ap- school and later moved to San
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

of Martin s extraordinary ser-
vice to his community, dona-
tions can be made to the New
Hampshire Charitable Foun-
dation (on whose board he
served for many years), to
the Capitol Center for the
Arts, to New Hampshire Pub-
lic Radio, or to the charity of
one s choice. Funeral ar-
rangements and information
about a celebration of Mar-
tin s life will be announced at
a later date.
Norman Lamm,
rome Kilty, who wrote the
play. She was known for her President Emeritus pearing at a popular folk club, the Francisco. Kaukonen. Grace Slick re-
work in films, ( Presumed In- SUSSMAN–Marvin, JD.
nocent and The Loneliest The Board of Alumnae Asso-
Drinking Gourd, when the vocal- Her marriage to Jerry Ander- placed Ms. Anderson in 1966.
Runner ) and her television ciation of the Mount Sinai ist Marty Balin heard her sing and son ended in divorce. Her second
husband, Michael Alois Ettlin,
work on Beacon Hill. She ap-
peared in many episodes of
Hospital School of Nursing is
saddened by the passing of
asked her to join a folk-rock group that she was “our den mother in
Law and Order and acted, Marvin Sussman, JD who he was forming. died in 2011. She is survived by two the early days” and a voice of rea-
sometimes along with her tirelessly gave of his time
husband, Frank Savino, (who serving as counsel and friend The band, soon christened Jef- children and three grandchildren. son for “our dysfunctional little
predeceased her) in many of to the Alumnae Association ferson Airplane, signed with RCA Ms. Anderson stayed in touch family.”
the fine repertory theatres in for more than 40 years.
the United States. She studied Phyllis Shanley Hansell EdD, Victor Records and released its with Mr. Kantner, Mr. Balin and Mr. Balin, writing on Facebook,
with Uta Hagen. She died at
her home in New Milford, CT
RN, FNAP, FAAN
President and Members
first album, “Jefferson Airplane other former bandmates and per- imagined that she and Mr. Kant-
of complications of emphyse- of the Board Takes Off,” in 1966. formed with them on occasion. ner “woke up in heaven and said:
ma and COPD. She will be Alumnae Association of
dearly missed by all who the Mount Sinai Hospital By the time that album came Jorma Kaukonen, the Airplane’s ‘Hey what are you doing here?
knew her. School of Nursing out, Ms. Anderson had given birth lead guitarist, wrote on his blog Let’s start a band.’”
 N C1

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Adjusting Parkinson’s Drug May Prolong Levine’s Tenure at the Met

By MICHAEL COOPER
The stage was being set to announce
the retirement of James Levine, the mu-
sic director of the Metropolitan Opera
since 1976, after his longstanding health
woes seemed to worsen this season to
the point that singers and musicians
were having difficulty following his con-
ducting.
But then Mr. Levine and Peter Gelb,
the Met’s general manager, paid a visit
last week to his neurologist for an update
on his condition — and the doctor gave
Mr. Levine an 11th-hour reprieve, saying
that Mr. Levine’s most serious problems
could probably be solved by adjusting
the dosage of a medication that he has
been taking for Parkinson’s disease.
The news cheered Mr. Levine, who
had been saddened by the thought that
his illness might force him to step down.
“I hope he’s right, because I love the Met
company more than I can describe,” the
conductor said on Monday evening in an
interview at the office of his neurologist,
Dr. Stanley Fahn.
And it surprised Mr. Gelb, who said in
an interview that he had been in talks
with Mr. Levine about announcing the
conductor’s retirement after this season
and making him the Met’s music director
emeritus. But Mr. Gelb said that he felt
obligated, morally and artistically, to see
if changing Mr. Levine’s dosage would
improve his upper-body movement and
help him return to normal.
“He has supported this company, he
has given everything to this company,
and I feel the Met’s responsibility is to
support him as long as we can,” Mr. Gelb,
who briefed the Met’s board members on
the situation on Monday, said in an inter-
view. “If in fact it’s possible that by regu-
lating his medication he will be able to
conduct like the James Levine of before,
that would be a miraculous turn of events
that everyone here would embrace and
cheer for.”
The question of what to do about Mr.
Continued on Page 5

What Made
Him Do It?
A Con Man’s
Dark Tale
Bernie didn’t fail us. We failed
Bernie.
That’s the message, perhaps
unintentional, of the four-hour
ABC mini-series “Madoff”
(Wednesday and
MIKE Thursday). Told
from the point of
HALE view of Bernard L.
Madoff, now serving
TELEVISION a 150-year prison
REVIEW
sentence for perpe-
trating America’s greatest Ponzi
scheme, it’s a story of chutzpah,
not hubris. Mr. Madoff was just a
poor boy from Queens with a
dream. Was it his fault that peo-
ple are so easy to fool?
“Madoff,” written by Ben Rob-
bins and directed by Raymond
De Felitta, doesn’t ignore the
tale’s tragic dimensions. But it
doesn’t emphasize them, either.
The first two hours, as Mr. Mad-
off builds his illusory empire and
at first evades detection, are
largely played for comedy, even
farce. The second half, when it all
comes crashing down, favors
movie-of-the-week melodrama
and sentimentalism.
And throughout, the voice we
hear, narrating the action and
inexorably drawing our sympa-
thy, is that of Mr. Madoff. Or
rather that of Richard Dreyfuss,
who gives a polished, surpris-
Continued on Page 6
EVA KAMINSKY/ABC
Madoff Richard Dreyfuss as
Bernard L. Madoff in this series
beginning Wednesday on ABC.
A Sense
Of Place,
Stitched
Quilts That Tell
Tales of Oakland
By PATRICIA LEIGH BROWN
OAKLAND, Calif. — Wildfires were
burning across California as Marion
Coleman began “Firestorm,” her quilt
about the flames that ravaged the Oak-
land and Berkeley Hills in 1991. It is an
inferno captured in cloth: the blackened
silhouettes of trees, engulfed in a blaze of
intricate, swirling stitches.
Ms. Coleman, a retired social worker,
is now a professional quilter, one of about
Clockwise from 80 women — along with the occasional
above, Rosita man — who meet monthly as members of
Thomas’s the multicultural African American Quilt
Guild of Oakland. It is one of a dozen or so
“Oakland’s guilds across the country dedicated to
Jewels”; Barbara furthering the tradition in black Ameri-
Fuston’s “Oakland can culture, but few groups have taken
Nights”; Ora on the challenge of defining a city
Clay’s “Black through quilts.
Filmmakers Hall About six months ago, Ms. Coleman
and her guild sisters came up with an
of Fame”; and
elaborate idea: designing narrative
Marion Coleman’s quilts that would convey in cloth the per-
“Firestorm.” sonality, history and social complexity of
their home ground. “Our name is the
African American Quilt Guild of Oak-
land,” Ms. Coleman emphasized.
“There’s a sense of pride and possession
about our place.” The result is “Neigh-
borhoods Coming Together: Quilts
Around Oakland,” a citywide exhibition
of more than 100 quilts opening this week
in a variety of locales, including the Oak-
land City Hall Rotunda.
The quilts reveal as many facets of life
here as there are quilters. Alice Beasley’s
“Lake Merritt Foggy Morning,” for ex-
ample, is a moody riff on a Bay Area
Continued on Page 2

Kickstarter
As a Path
To Grammy
Nominations
JIM WILSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
By BEN SISARIO
Jackie Houston, of the African American Quilt
Three years ago, the Nashville Guild of Oakland, working on a project.
Symphony was in austerity mode
as it recovered from the financial
crisis and a flood that caused $40
million in damage to its building.
To help finance an album of works IMAGES BY ERIC MURPHY
by the composer Joan Tower, the
orchestra turned for the first time
to a source more associated with
indie rock than with classical mu-
sic: Kickstarter.
The orchestra’s campaign
raised $15,585 from 86 backers,
and this month, “Stroke,” one of
Ms. Tower’s pieces from the re-
sulting album, is up for a Grammy
A Violent and Erotic Novel, Rooted in the Surreal
Award for best contemporary By ALEXANDRA ALTER seller. Publication rights have sold in
classical composition. nearly 20 countries. It was adapted into a
“This project could not have When Han Kang’s surreal, violent nov-
el “The Vegetarian” was published in Korean film that played at Sundance in
happened were it not for the Kick- 2010.
starter campaign,” said Alan D. South Korea nearly a decade ago, liter-
ary critics found it baffling. The story Still, Ms. Han, who has been publish-
Valentine, president of the Nash-
stars an unhinged heroine who believes ing fiction and poetry for more than two
ville Symphony.
she’s turning into a tree, and features decades, remained almost entirely un-
Once viewed as a fringe area
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where baby bands make earnest some of the strangest erotic passages in
pleas for help, Kickstarter and literature. (In one unforgettable scene, That is starting to change, thanks
other crowdfunding sites like it Ms. Han renders clichéd sexual largely to Deborah Smith, a 28-year-old
have become part of the standard metaphors about flowering plants and British translator who read a Korean edi-
financial circuit for musicians of protruding pistils quite literally.) tion of “The Vegetarian” four years ago,
all types, with releases that are The mesmerizing mix of sex and vio- when she was studying for her Ph.D. at
edging closer to the mainstream. lence was not what fans and reviewers the University of London’s School of Ori-
This year, four albums connected expected from Ms. Han, a celebrated and ental and African Studies. She was trans-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

to Kickstarter campaigns are up
for Grammy Awards; in previous
years, four have won.
Since its founding in 2009, Kick-
starter — where artists, inventors
and other creative types solicit
early payments from supporters
— has raised $1.9 billion for nearly
Continued on Page 2
award-winning poet and novelist.
“It was received as very extreme and
bizarre,” Ms. Han said in English during
a recent telephone interview from her
home in Seoul. “Definitely, readers were
surprised.”
Even more surprising was the raptur-
JEAN CHUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES ous reception that followed. “The Vege-
Han Kang, author of “The Vegetarian,” outside her home in South Korea. tarian” became a cult international best
fixed by the unusual story and vivid,
chiseled prose, and attempted to trans-
late it herself, but wasn’t fluent enough
yet to capture Ms. Han’s style. A year lat-
er, she tried again, and sent a short sam-
ple translation to a British publisher, who
decided to publish the novel based on the
first 10 pages.
Continued on Page 5
C2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

A Sense
Of Place,
Stitched
In Oakland
From First Arts Page
weather phenomenon that can some-
times feel like a living thing as it
envelops the landscape. Ms. Beasley em-
ploys layers of blue silk and painted or-
ganza to represent the ethereal fog set-
tling in along the lake.
Other quilters take a more sobering
tack. In a piece titled “Hands Up Don’t
Shoot,” Jackie Houston, 61, addresses
race and police brutality, anchoring her
piece around a haunting oversize image
of her 7-year-old grandson, his raised
hands dramatically, extending beyond
the quilt’s edge. Ms. Houston said she
used her grandson to evoke the perils of
being an African-American boy. Speak-
ing of recent deaths around the country,
she added, “This could be anybody’s
child.”
Historically, quilting has been an art
form accessible to marginalized people,
especially women, who “visualize their
thoughts in cloth,” said Carolyn L. Ma-
zloomi, a quilt historian and independent
curator who founded the national non-
profit Women of Color Quilters Network.
“It’s the first thing we’re swaddled in
at birth and the last thing that touches
our bodies when we leave the earthly
realm,” she said. JIM WILSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES

But for many years, Ms. Mazloomi Jeanette Robinson, left, looking over a quilt by Niambi Kee, right, at a meeting of the African American Quilt Guild of Oakland, Calif.
said, cultural historians pigeonholed
African-American quilts, assuming that
black quilters had a preference for bright
colors and large, asymmetrical piecing
— like those famously made in Gee’s

A tour, in fabrics,
of a city’s strengths
and tensions.

Bend, Ala. — or signs and symbols relat-

ed to Africa. The perception was that few
quilts by African-American women were
finely made, with accurate piece work
and small stitching. Ms. Mazloomi’s
book, “And Still We Rise: Race, Culture,
and Visual Conversations” (Schiffer
Publishing, 2015) proves the notion
wrong.
At home, Fran Porter, the guild’s 91-
year-old grande dame, keeps a “stash” of
threads and fabrics in neatly stacked
plastic shoe boxes, and a notepad on her
night stand to jot down concepts at any
hour. She chose to depict graffiti in her
quilt because “it both fascinates and re-
pels me,” she said. Mrs. Porter took up IMAGES BY ERIC MURPHY
quilting at 82. “I thought it was for old la-
dies,” she said. “I finally had to acknowl- Quilts by guild members include,
edge I was one.” clockwise from above, “Is Graffiti
Mrs. Porter spent 20 years as a social Art?,” designed by Frances Porter;
worker. The guild’s ranks also include a
Haitian dance teacher, a retired litigator,
Jackie Houston’s “Hands Up Don’t
a Postal Service auditor and a retired Shoot”; “A Day at the Lake,” de-
newspaper editor. The current president, signed by Carolyn Pope; and “Trail
Marie Taylor, is a former nun who spent Blazers,” by Marion Coleman.
35 years in a convent. (“I decided I
wanted to be in control of my own life,” not true.” But eventually, Ms. Knowell
she said, explaining why she left.) said she concluded that “I’m not going to
The group spans Oakland’s socioeco- let the killer kill me by being fearful.” Her
nomic divide, with some members latest quilt, “Black Justice Matters,” is a
barely scraping by, and others living in hand- and machine-stitched commen-
spacious aeries with killer views. “Some
tary on what she sees as an unbalanced
have advanced degrees, some didn’t
justice system.
graduate from high school,” noted Patri-
cia A. Turner, a professor of African- About a decade ago, Ms. Knowell
nia Traditional Arts, which helped fi- community. started the nonprofit West Oakland
American studies and world arts and cul-
ture at the University of California, Los nance both the exhibition and a program The emotional resonance of quilting is Lower Bottom Fatherless Children’s
Angeles, who is also a guild member. for guild members to teach quilting to perhaps best embodied in the life and art Foundation, to help children who are
Though the group is primarily composed children. of Ora M. Knowell, 70, a guild member mourning the loss of a family member to
of blacks, it also includes whites, Latinos The quilts are a walking tour in tex- and the daughter of sharecroppers, who an affinity for quilts. When her first son, violence.
and “people who don’t know what to put tiles. “Oaktown Blues,” a quilt by Niambi has lost two sons to gun violence in Oak- Christopher, died in 1995, at 25, she chan- She invites the children to help create
on the census forms,” she said. Kee, celebrates the city’s blues history. land. Ms. Knowell grew up in a shotgun neled her grief into a seven-foot-long sock dolls and other art projects, stitch-
In Oakland, tensions are mounting “Oakland Key System Map,” by Dolores house on a Mississippi plantation. As a quilted panel that included a photo trans- ing a loved one’s face on the cotton fabric
over gentrification, exemplified by Presley, resurrects the nitty-gritty de- girl, she slept by the fire beneath a heavy fer of him at the age of 13 and pink knit “for comfort.”
Uber’s corporate expansion into down- tails of a defunct transportation system. quilt made by her mother from old wool gloves — her own symbol of the need for “Watching other victims suffer in the
town and recent clashes over church Jeanette Robinson quilted the image of a and cotton clothes. mothers to protect their children. When same way as myself, unable to speak out
noise in a changing West Oakland neigh- clock tower at Mills College designed by She hated quilting. “We didn’t have a a second son, Daniel, 34, was killed in and be heard, motivated and inspired me
borhood. The guild’s robust cultural the architect Julia Morgan, while Mar- thimble, and our fingers were pricked 2002, Ms. Knowell responded with a 16- to use my artwork as a voice,” Ms. Know-
presence underscores the city’s role as sha Carter commemorates Delilah Leon- and sore for having to quilt to keep yard-long quilt honoring the year’s 113 ell said.
“the epicenter of the African-American tium Beasley, a pioneering black journal- warm,” Ms. Knowell recalled. homicide victims in Oakland. Hers is the soul of a quilter — healing
diaspora,” said Amy Kitchener, the exec- ist and historian. Blanche Brown’s “Gei- But her knack for making stick and “People say the more death comes, the through stories that perhaps only the
utive director of the Alliance for Califor- sha” is a homage to the city’s Japanese cornhusk dolls eventually expanded into more immune you are,” she said. “That’s cloth can tell.

Kickstarter Becomes a Path Crowdfunding for

To Grammy Nominations
From First Arts Page
100,000 projects of various kinds. Music
has been the most popular category, with
22,000 successful campaigns that have
raised $149 million, although creators in
areas like technology and film have
raised larger sums for fewer projects.
(Kickstarter campaigns are completed,
and supporters charged, only if pledges
reach a minimum level set by the artist.)
musicians of all types.
versary EP, and offering perks for gener-
ous fans, such as being in a music video
side Project’s “Descendants of Hill Coun-
(for $5,000) or getting a private concert
try” is up for best blues album.
by the group ($10,000).
Other crowdfunding outlets have be-
“Thank God for technology and a loyal
come familiar sights in the Grammy cat-
alog. ArtistShare, a company founded in fan base,” said Vin Rock, a member of
Naughty by Nature, whose song “O.P.P.”
2003 that has a partnership with the Blue
Note label, is represented in three jazz went to No. 6 in 1991. “Because we feel
like we don’t need to be dependent on a
nominations: the Gil Evans Project’s
“Lines of Color” and the Maria Schneider record label anymore.”
The group worked closely with Kick-
Orchestra’s “The Thompson Fields” are
up for best large ensemble album, while starter in lining up its campaign and re-
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Amanda Palmer holds the record for the
most money raised for a music project,
$1.2 million for her 2012 album, “Theatre
Is Evil.”
At any given time, around 500 music-
related campaigns are underway on
Kickstarter, and a scan shows plenty that
a saxophone performance by Donny Mc- ward plans, Ms. Neuman said, and the
company wants to make its coaching and
Caslin on “The Thompson Fields” is a
promotion expertise available to more
contender for best improvised solo.
musicians, of any size.
Three of Ms. Schneider’s albums that she
made using ArtistShare won Grammys. For now, however, the most valuable
Now, to extend Kickstarter’s reach in asset that Kickstarter offers to artists
music, the company has hired Molly may be its position as a conduit for
Neuman, a veteran of the indie scene, as RICHARD PERRY/THE NEW YORK TIMES money. Gil Rose, the leader of Boston
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

fit the site’s stereotype of indie strivers in
boho capitals: a solo ukulele album from
a performer in Seattle, a Brooklyn band
working on its first live release.
But the Grammy nominations this
year also show the site’s breadth. The
composer Andrew Norman’s “Play” is
also up for contemporary composition,
on an album by the Boston Modern Or-
chestra Project; Miguel Zenón’s “Identi-
ties Are Changeable” has a nod for best
Latin jazz album; and the Cedric Burn-
its head of music. In a recent interview at
the company’s spacious headquarters in
a former pencil factory in Greenpoint,
Brooklyn, Ms. Neuman described a loose
but ambitious mandate to make Kick-
starter more useful for listeners seeking
new music, and more responsive to the
musicians who sign up for it.
“We’ve established ourselves as a way
for creators to get their music kicked off
and engage with a community,” said Ms.
Neuman, who started her career playing
Molly Neuman, a veteran of the indie music scene who is Kickstarter’s head Modern Orchestra Project and its label,
of music, at the company’s headquarters in Greenpoint, Brooklyn. BMOP/sound, which has used Kickstart-
er for four albums, said that the site is
most useful as a supplement to other
drums for the riot grrrl band Bratmobile One example of how this might work, forms of fund-raising, and functions best
and was most recently interim president particularly for onetime stars who retain when the composers or artists involved
for the American Association of Inde- sizable followings, is a campaign started activate their own networks online.
pendent Music, a trade organization for last week by Naughty by Nature. After Mr. Valentine, of the Nashville Sym-
small labels. “When we’re thinking about campaigns last year by the hip-hop trio phony, was more blunt in his assessment
the future, it’s really about how we can De La Soul and the R&B group TLC, two of the need for alternative funding types
help artists give fans what they want in a other 1990s giants, Naughty by Nature is like Kickstarter. “You have to be innova-
more seamless and helpful way.” looking to raise $100,000 for a 25th-anni- tive,” he said, “or you die.”
 K+ THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N C3

Arts, Briefly Lady Gaga to Pay Tribute to Bowie at the Grammys

By BEN SISARIO
Lady Gaga will pay tribute to
David Bowie in a special segment
Corden Selected to Host the Tony Awards Ceremony at the Grammy Awards, the
organizers of the show announced
James Corden of “The Late Late Show” was on Tuesday.
named on Tuesday to host this year’s Tony Awards. After Mr. Bowie died last
Mr. Corden, left, is an accomplished comic actor month, speculation in the music
who won a Tony in 2012 for his starring role in “One industry immediately turned to
Man, Two Guvnors.” He also appeared on Broadway how his songs and influence
in 2006, as a British grade-school student in “The would be recognized at the
History Boys.” awards show. Would it be a huge
The awards ceremony, which honors Broadway revue or a solo performance? An
musicals and plays, is to be broadcast on CBS on honor paid by fellow legends from
June 12. Mr. Bowie’s generation, or some-
The Tonys, presented by the Broadway League and the Ameri- thing showing his impact on
can Theater Wing, are an important form of marketing for Broadway, younger artists?
because the broadcast is often the first time a national audience is Ken Ehrlich, the longtime
introduced to new shows. MICHAEL PAULSON producer of the Grammys, said in
an interview that Lady Gaga had
already been booked for the show
before Mr. Bowie died. But as soon
as the news emerged, Mr. Ehrlich
said, he began discussing a possi-
ble tribute with Lady Gaga and
her manager. Over the next week,
Mr. Ehrlich added, he was con-
tacted by numerous other artists
who wanted to participate —
“some of whom might have made
sense; the vast majority didn’t,”
he said — but he stuck to the idea
KEVIN WINTER/GETTY IMAGES
Lady Gaga will perform a six- to seven-minute solo segment
honoring David Bowie, above in 1996, at the Grammy Awards.
of Lady Gaga solo.
In an interview with The Holly-
wood Reporter that was con-
ducted before Mr. Bowie’s death
on Jan. 10, Lady Gaga said, “When
I fell in love with David Bowie,
when I was living on the Lower
East Side, I always felt that his
glamour was something he was
using to express a message to peo-
LEONHARD FOEGER/REUTERS
ple that was very healing for their
souls.”
Her performance at the Gram-
mys will not be the opening num-
ber for the show, but it will proba-
bly last six or seven minutes, Mr.
Ehrlich said, and cover “at least
three or four” songs. Nile Rodgers
will be the segment’s musical di-
rector. The show, on Feb. 15, will be
broadcast live by CBS; previously
announced performers include
Adele, Kendrick Lamar, the
Weeknd, Carrie Underwood and
Sam Hunt. There will also be a
tribute to Lionel Richie, who is the
Recording Academy’s 2016 Musi-
Cares person of the year.
Lady Gaga’s performance, Mr.
Ehrlich said, “is going to be a true
homage to who David was, partic-
ularly musically, but not ignoring
his influence on fashion and pop
culture in a broader way.”
Mr. Ehrlich, who has been in-
volved with the Grammys since
1980, said it was always a rush to
book the performances for the
show in the couple of months be-
tween the nominations and the
broadcast. But this year has been
particularly difficult with the
deaths of so many music figures
over the past few weeks, including
Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead,
Natalie Cole, Glenn Frey of the Ea-
gles and Paul Kantner of Jefferson
Airplane. Mr. Ehrlich said that he
expected to pay tribute to Mr.
Frey in some way, and also that he
had booked a multi-artist tribute
to B. B. King, who died in May.

RICHARD TERMINE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Celebrating

‘Heisenberg’ Will Make the Move to Broadway
Mary-Louise Parker and Denis Arndt, above, will reprise their
His Mentors
roles in Simon Stephens’s drama “Heisenberg” when Manhattan
Theater Club transfers its production of the show to Broadway this
fall, the theater said Tuesday. The two-character play, which the
In a Torrent
theater mounted last year Off Broadway, is to start previews at the
company’s Samuel J. Friedman Theater on Sept. 30, with opening
night scheduled for Oct. 13. Mark Brokaw will again direct.
Of Spikiness
ERIK PIEPENBURG
Though he won’t be the next
music director of the New York
Philharmonic, Esa-Pekka Salo-
“The Sympathizer,” by Viet nen isn’t leaving anytime soon:
George Miller to Lead Thanh Nguyen; and “Mayumi Named the orchestra’s composer
and the Sea of Happiness,” by in residence last
Cannes Film Jury Jennifer Tseng. ZACHARY year, he remains in
that position through
George Miller, the director of Ta-Nehisi Coates is a finalist
for the $10,000 PEN/Diamon-
WOOLFE the 2017-18 season.
“Mad Max: Fury Road,” will He programmed and
preside over the jury of this stein-Spielvogel Award for the MUSIC
year’s Cannes Film Festival, the art of the essay for “Between the REVIEW hosted the Philhar-
World and Me,” which won the monic’s latest install-
festival announced on Tuesday.
National Book Award for nonfic- ment of its Contact! new-music
In a statement it called his ap-
tion in November. Other finalists series on Monday at National
pointment “a no-holds-barred
for that award are “After the Tall Sawdust in Williamsburg, a rare
celebration of
Timber: Collected Nonfiction,” foray to Brooklyn by a Lincoln
genre cinema.”
Mr. Miller, 70, by Renata Adler; “The Quarry,” Center institution.
whose credits by Susan Howe; “The Givenness Mr. Salonen gave the evening
include all the of Things: Essays,” by Marilynne a personal slant, and not just
“Mad Max” Robinson; and “Sidewalking: with the inclusion of his own
films, has Coming to Terms With Los Ange- “Floof (Songs of a Homeostatic
worked on the les,” by David L. Ulin. Homer),” written in 1982, when
“Twilight Zone” The winners will be announced he was in his mid-20s, and re-
franchise and on April 11. JOHN WILLIAMS vised in 1990. He rounded out MICHELLE V. AGINS/THE NEW YORK TIMES

directed “The the concert with chamber works

Witches of Eastwick” (1987). His
2006 feature, “Happy Feet,” won
an Academy Award for best
animated feature.
Mr. Miller, above, is the first
Australian to lead the jury, which
will choose the winners of the
Palme d’Or and other top prizes.
“Mad Max: Fury Road,” which
is up for several Academy
Awards, including best picture
and best director, was shown
outside of competition at Cannes
last year. This year’s festival
runs May 11 to 22.
RACHEL DONADIO
PEN Awards Finalists
The PEN American Center has
announced the finalists for its
2016 PEN Literary Awards. Tak-
en together, the prizes, fellow-
ships and grants from that liter-
ary and human rights organiza-
tion will confer $200,000 on
writers, editors and translators
this year.
The most lucrative award is
the PEN/Robert W. Bingham
Prize for debut fiction, which
comes with $25,000. Finalists are
“In the Country: Stories,” by Mia
Alvar; “The Turner House,” by
Angela Flournoy; “Mr. and Mrs.
Doctor,” by Julie Iromuanya;
Lincoln Center Sets
‘Great Performers’ Lineup
Gianandrea Noseda leading
the London Symphony Orchestra
in the Verdi Requiem, the bari-
tone Christian Gerhaher singing
a program of Mahler lieder, and
the pianist Jeremy Denk playing
a recital of music from medieval
to modern times will be among
the highlights of next season’s
“Great Performers” series at
Lincoln Center, whose lineup was
announced on Tuesday.
The series will run on and off
from Oct. 28 through May 21, 2017,
and will feature several promi-
nent symphony orchestras,
chamber ensembles, recitals and
chamber music concerts, among
other offerings. In addition to two
London Symphony concerts with
Mr. Noseda, who was just named
the next music director of the
National Symphony Orchestra in
Washington, it will feature ap-
pearances by Ivan Fischer con-
ducting the Budapest Festival
Orchestra in two Beethoven
programs and Vladimir Jurowski
leading the London Philharmonic
Orchestra. More information is at
lcgreatperformers.org.
MICHAEL COOPER
by three of his mentors and
teachers, introducing each piece
with witty, sometimes poignant
reminiscences. (For one thing, it
turns out that Franco Donatoni,
with whom he studied in Italy,
was apparently banned from the
town center in Siena because of
his kleptomania.)
The predominant mood was of
high yet forbidding spirits; there
was barely an easy moment in
the hour or so of music. But
played with relish and precision
by members of the Philharmonic
and some guests, the works felt
vital and thorny, full of charac-
ter.
Influenced by John Cage,
Lutoslawski’s String Quartet
(1964) moves in unexpected
directions: At times, the musi-
cians cue one another to deter-
An Orchestra Works Out
The Delicate and the Eclectic
Luciano Berio’s groundbreak-
ing “Sinfonia,” which helped pave
the way for the freewheeling
compositional styles now in
vogue, is too seldom heard. So
Ludovic Morlot’s
JAMES R. stirring rendition
with the Curtis
OESTREICH Symphony Orches-
tra at Carnegie Hall
MUSIC
REVIEW on Monday evening
was most welcome.
Contact! The soprano Hila Plitmann, with Steven Beck on synthesizer, performing Esa-Pekka Salonen’s
“Floof (Songs of a Homeostatic Homer),” at the New York Philharmonic’s concert at National Sawdust.
mine when one section is over
and the next should begin, and
the four players’ lines are sup-
posed to function independently,
overlapping largely by chance.
The result felt like an assem-
blage of thistle-like fragments,
insistent little motifs that hang
together before dissolving. A
violent burst from the cello
egged the others on for a bit,
and then there was yet another
falling apart. This happened
again and again: Aggressive
wild goose chases came to un-
ceremonious, seemingly random
ends. A section marked
“Funèbre” found the four instru-
ments in an impassioned,
somber mood: mourning that
The Curtis Symphony Orchestra
Carnegie Hall
often make their mark.
Berio said in a performance
note that “the different degrees
of understanding, even the expe-
rience of ‘not quite hearing,’ are
to be regarded as essential to the
nature of the musical process.”
was individual yet communal. are sometimes quietly gentle
Donatoni’s “HOT” for solo and sometimes quietly playful,
sopranino/tenor saxophone and but in Mr. Huebner’s hands, both
small ensemble (1989) is an modes felt unexpectedly epic.
uproarious grafting of jazz in- The songs were a calm pream-
strumentation onto the vocabu- ble to the controlled chaos of
lary of modernism. There’s a “Floof,” which Mr. Salonen said
big-band flavor — slapping was primarily influenced by
double bass, squealing clarinet Michael Jackson’s “Bad” and
— but the musical lines are Stravinsky’s “Petrushka.” Set to
jagged and anarchic, held to- a surreal text by Stanislaw Lem,
gether on this occasion by the the work is a nonsense cantata
young conductor Joshua Gersen, that sends its soloist (here, the
the Philharmonic’s new assist- brave, dazzling soprano Hila
ant conductor.
Eric Huebner, the Philhar-
Plitmann) from grunts and
coughs to stratospheric high
monic’s pianist, made much of notes. A youthful work, but one
Niccolò Castiglioni’s “Dulce that in this company harked
Refrigerium” (1984), six short back to Mr. Salonen’s brainily
“sacred songs.” The little pieces nutty forebears.
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If “Sinfonia” was not the great- But enough of the text (printed TODAY
COHENMEDIA.NET
est musical work of the 1960s complete in the program) has to 2 WEEKS

(and it may well have been), it
was certainly the masterpiece
most of the ’60s. To four move-
ments completed and performed
in 1968, Berio added a fifth, and
the finished work had its pre-
be heard to allow for apprecia-
tion of its quirky mode of expres-
sion, sometimes urgent, some-
times arch.
One of the lines of text barely
heard on Monday referred to
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12:30 2:30 4:45 7:00 9:10
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ACADEMY AWARD® NOMINEE BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM

2016 ESTATE OF PABLO PICASSO/ARTISTS RIGHTS SOCIETY (ARS), NEW YORK;

KENA BETANCUR/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE—GETTY IMAGES
miere in 1969, with Leonard
Bernstein conducting the New
York Philharmonic.
It wallows in eclecticism, quot-
ing Mahler — lots of it — and
Temporary Truce in Fight Over a Picasso Bust tunes by innumerable other
composers. Its text speaks of
Mahler’s First Symphony, which
“made tulips grow in my garden
and altered the flow of the ocean
SON OF SAUL
12:30, 2:45, 5:10, 7:30, 9:50
currents,” so that symphony
made an apt, equally ambitious
partner to “Sinfonia” on the
program. After an early misstep
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW

The mystery of what will happen to Picasso’s 1931 plaster bust,

above, of his mistress and muse Marie-Thérèse Walter after the Mu- alienation and bristles with frus-
tration at war and social injus-
or two, the young players gave it
a strong and coherent workout,
ANOMALISA • n

seum of Modern Art’s blockbuster show closes Sunday has been 12:00*, 12:30, 2:15, 2:45, 5:00,
temporarily resolved. tice. (“They remind us all this responding eagerly to Mr. Mor- 7:15, 9:30
The parties disputing the sculpture’s ownership — the dealer can’t stop the wars, can’t make lot’s direction.
Larry Gagosian and a representative of the Qatar royal family — the old younger or lower the As in the Berio, clangorous
have agreed that the statue will go to the Gagosian Gallery until the price of bread.”) It honors the climaxes were well gauged and BROOKLYN • n

conflict is adjudicated. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. weighted. At the other extreme, 12:15, 12:25, 2:35, 2:50, 5:05, 5:20,
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

The Curtis Symphony, the the lovely “Lindenbaum” section 7:25, 7:40, 9:45, 10:00
Mr. Gagaosian and the royal family both say they own the bust 323 SIXTH AVENUE AT
orchestra of the elite Curtis Insti- of the third movement featured
and it was sold to them by the daughter of Picasso and Ms. Walter,
Maya Widmaier-Picasso, who is 80. In a legal action filed last month tute of Music in Philadelphia, beautifully delicate playing from MACBETH WEST THIRD STREET
212-924-7771
®

12:05, 2:25, 4:50, 7:10, 9:35 2016 ACADEMY AWARD

in federal court in Manhattan against the Qatari family’s agent, Pel- gave the brilliant instrumenta- all concerned. NOMINATED SHORT FILMS
SEPARATE ADMISSION FOR EACH PROGRAM
ham Holdings, Mr. Gagosian said that he bought the sculpture in May tion all it was worth on Monday. Those two meaty offerings LIVE-ACTION ANIMATED
10:35 , 12:25 , 2:00, 4:25, 6:05, 8:35, 10:05
AM PM PM 10:40 , 12:10 , 2:35, 4:10, 6:40, 8:15, 10:40
AM PM PM

for about $106 million from Ms. Widmaier-Picasso, and then sold it to But “Sinfonia” is complex, lay- would have been enough, surely,
IN THE SHADOW OF WOMEN DOCUMENTARY DOCUMENTARY
an undisclosed New York collector. ering eight amplified singing and but the program opened with 2:30, 4:15, 6:00, 7:40, 9:15PM PROG. A
10:30AM, 2:15PM, 5:35, 9:00PM
PROG. B
12:15, 4:00, 7:25, 10:45PM
But an agent for Pelham Holdings, which is managed by Guy speaking voices among a huge Busoni’s modest “Berceuse Élé- THE TREASURE ACADEMY AWARD® NOMINEE
band, and those vocal lines, giaque” as a showcase for a 3:30, 7:30PM BEST ACTRESS • CHARLOTTE RAMPLING 45 YEARS
Bennett, maintained in its court documents that it had an agreement 10:20AM, 12:45PM, 1:45, 2:45, 3:45, 5:00, 6:00, 7:15, 9:25PM
PEGGY GUGGENHEIM: ART ADDICT
with Ms. Widmaier-Picasso to buy the work in November 2014 for 38 performed gamely by members conducting student, Conner Gray 1:30, 5:30PM
ACADEMY AWARD® NOMINEE
BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM MUSTANG
10:25AM, 12:20PM, 8:10PM
million euros, or about $42 million. The bust, featured in the MoMA of the Curtis Opera Theater but Covington. He dispatched the THE ASSASSIN 9:20PM
IP MAN 3 10:15 PM

show, is considered a major work. ROBIN POGREBIN inadequately amplified, did not assignment smoothly. 144 & 165 W. 65th St. 212.875.5600 filmlinc.org Showtimes valid for WEDNESDAY only. Advance tickets at IFCCENTER.COM
C4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
“phantasmagoric”
– THE WASHINGTON POST
Double Edge Theatre
The Grand
Parade
(of the 20th Century)
Inspired by the paintings of
February 4 – 7
Funded in part by the New England Foundation
for the Arts’ National Theater Project, with lead funding
from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.
Up Next
American Premiere
Robert Wilson in Krapp’s Last Tape
By Samuel Beckett
March 17 – 20
973-655-5112 | peakperfs.org | All Seats $20
Alexander Kasser Theater
BROADWAY
PURE GENIE-US! - USA Today
DISNEY presents
ALADDIN
The Hit Broadway Musical
BEST AVAILABILITY WEEKNIGHTS
Tonight at 7
Tues-Thu 7; Fri 8; Sat 2 & 8; Sun 1 & 6:30
AladdinTheMusical.com
866-870-2717/Groups 20+: 800-439-9000
New Amsterdam Thea (+) B way & 42 St.
Today at 2 & 8
ONE OF THE YEAR S 10 BEST!
-NYTimes, Wall Street Journal, AP
AN AMERICAN IN PARIS
Music and Lyrics by
GEORGE GERSHWIN & IRA GERSHWIN
Book by CRAIG LUCAS
Directed and Choreographed by
CHRISTOPHER WHEELDON
Ticketmaster.com or 877-250-2929
Groups (12+): 1-800-Broadway x2
AnAmericanInParisBroadway.com
Wed, Sat 2 & 8; Thurs, Tues 7; Fri 8; Sun 3
Palace Theatre (+) Broadway & 47th St.
Tonight at 7
Tomorrow at 7, Friday at 8
Winner of 9 Tony Awards
including BEST MUSICAL!
THE BOOK OF MORMON
877-250-2929 or Ticketmaster.com
Groups 10+: 212-239-6262
BookofMormonBroadway.com
Tue - Thu 7; Fri 8; Sat 2 & 8; Sun 2 & 7
Eugene O Neill Theatre (+) 230 W 49th St
With NFL Legend Eddie George thru 2/28
Tomorrow at 8
CHICAGO
The Musical
The #1 Longest-Running American
Musical in Broadway History!
Telecharge.com/chicago 212-239-6200
ChicagoTheMusical.com
M, Tu, Th, F 8; Sa 2:30 & 8, Su 2:30 & 7
Ambassador Theatre (+) 219 W. 49th St.
A reason for celebration! - NY Mag
PERFORMANCES TODAY AT 2 & 8
DANNY BURSTEIN
JESSICA HECHT
FIDDLER ON THE ROOF
Tu, Th 7; We & Sa 2 & 8; Fr 8; Su 3
FiddlerMusical.com
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
Broadway Theatre (+), 1681 Broadway
Marc Chagall
Roundtrip weekend bus service from midtown
Today at 2pm
Pure Bliss! - The Huffington Post
TONY YAZBECK & KELSEY GRAMMER
The Story of How Peter Became Pan
FINDING NEVERLAND
A New Broadway Musical
Directed by Tony Winner Diane Paulus
FindingNeverlandTheMusical.comPerfs
Ticketmaster.com or 877-250-2929
Groups 12+ Call 1-800-Broadway x2
Lunt-Fontanne Theatre (+), 205 W 46th St
WINNER! BEST MUSICAL
2015 TONY AWARD
EXTRAORDINARY. -Time Out New York
Today at 2 & 7, Tomorrow at 7
FUN HOME
Telecharge.com or (212)239-6200
Groups 10+ call 1-800-BROADWAY x2
FunHomeBroadway.com
Circle in the Square(+)50th St. W. of Bway
Tu 7, We 2&7, Th 7, Fr 8, Sa 2&8, Su 3
PREVIEWS BEGIN MONDAY
America s Greatest Playwright -NYT
FOREST WHITAKER
EUGENE O NEILL S
HUGHIE
A One-Act Masterpiece
Directed by MICHAEL GRANDAGE
Telecharge.com 212-239-6200
HUGHIEBROADWAY.COM
Booth Theatre (+), 222 W. 45th St.
WHOLESOME, INSPIRATIONAL AND
HIGH-SPIRITED. - The New York Times
Tomorrow at 7, Friday at 8
KINKY BOOTS
Ticketmaster.com or 877-250-2929
Groups (10+): 1-800-BROADWAY
Mo & Fr 8; Tu & Th 7; Sa 2 & 8; Su 2 & 7:30
KinkyBootsTheMusical.com
Al Hirschfeld Theatre (+), 302 W. 45th St.
Today at 7!
DON T WAIT ONE DAY MORE.
A GLORIOUS NEW MIZ! -AP
LES MISERABLES
Tu ,Wed,Th 7;Fri 8;Sat 2&8; Su 1:30 &7:30
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
Groups of 12+ (800)-447-7400
Visit us at LesMiz.com/Broadway
Imperial Theatre (+), 249 W. 45th St.
TIME MAGAZINE S
#1 SHOW OF THE YEAR
Today at 2 & 7:30
Roald Dahl s
MATILDA
THE MUSICAL
MatildaTheMusical.com
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
Groups of 10+ Call 877-536-3437
Tu, Th 7; We 2 & 7:30; Fr 8; Sa 2 & 8; Su 1
Shubert Theatre (+), 225 West 44th St.
In the film “Ten Years,” a vignette features children egging a bookstore, one of five five short stories set in 2025 Hong Kong.
Imagining Hong Kong in a Tighter Beijing Grip
By ALAN WONG
HONG KONG — What will
Hong Kong be like a decade from
now?
When his new film, “Ten Years,”
which answers that question with
five dystopian tales set in 2025,
was denounced as a “thought vi-
rus” by the Chinese state-run
newspaper Global Times, the
Hong Kong director Ng Ka-leung
was unfazed.
“If anything, the editorial
brought mainland Chinese peo-
ple’s attention to our small pro-
duction,” said Mr. Ng, who is also
one of the film’s two producers.
“Ten Years” has become a sur-
prise hit across theaters here, tap-
ping into fears in the semiautono-
mous Chinese territory over the
erosion of local culture and civil
liberties, fears fed most recently
by the disappearance of five peo-
ple connected to a Hong Kong
company that publishes political
Photo: Maria Baranova
FINAL 15 PERFORMANCES! Tonight at 8
A THRILLING GOOD TIME! Broadway s Longest-Running Musical
-NPR Visit Telecharge.com; Call 212-239-6200
BRUCE WILLIS THE PHANTOM OF
LAURIE METCALF
THE OPERA
MISERY
The Suspense Thriller
By William Goldman
Mon 8; Tue 7; Wed - Sat 8; Thu & Sat 2
Grps: 800-BROADWAY or 212-239-6262
Majestic Theatre (+) 247 W. 44th St.
Based on the novel by Stephen King
Directed by Will Frears
Today at 2 & 7 PM
Tu 7; We 2 & 7; Th 7; Fr 8; Sa 2 & 8; Su 3
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
MiseryBroadway.com
Broadhurst Theatre (+) 235 W. 44th St.
Broadway s Biggest Blockbuster
–The New York Times
Tonight at 7
WICKED
Music and Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz
Book by Winnie Holzman
Based on the novel by Gregory Maguire
Musical Staging by Wayne Cilento
A BIG, FAT HIT! -New York Post Directed by Joe Mantello
Tu & We 7; Th & Fr 8; Sa 2 & 8; Su 1 & 7
SOMETHING ROTTEN!
Ticketmaster.com or 877-250-2929
Today at 2 & 8 Groups: 646-289-6885 / 877-321-0020
WickedtheMusical.com
Book by Gershwin Theatre(+) 222 West 51st St.
Karey Kirkpatrick & John O Farrell
Music and Lyrics by
Wayne Kirkpatrick & Karey Kirkpatrick
Directed and Choreographed by OFF−BROADWAY
Casey Nicholaw
Ticketmaster.com (877) 250-2929
RottenBroadway.com
Groups 12+ Call 1-800-Broadway x2
St. James Theatre (+), 246 W. 44th St.
Signature Theatre presents
OLD HATS
Created and Performed by
Bill Irwin and David Shiner
Music and lyrics by and featuring
Shaina Taub
Winner! Best Play - 2015 Tony Award Directed by Tina Landau
TODAY at 2 & 7:30, TOMORROW at 7
Special Added Performance 2/15 at 7
Tue-Fri at 7:30, Sat at 2 & 8,
Sun at 2 & 7:30
THE CURIOUS INCIDENT 212-244-7529 signaturetheatre.org
The Pershing Square Signature Center
OF THE DOG 480 West 42nd Street
IN THE NIGHT-TIME
A New Play by SIMON STEPHENS
Based on the novel by MARK HADDON
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
CuriousOnBroadway.com
Barrymore Theatre (+), 243 W. 47 St. BLISTERING HOT! - The NY Times
Tonight at 8
MAURICE HINES
TAPPIN THRU LIFE
A Song & Dance Musical
TappinThruLife.com
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
Mon, Wed, Fri 8; Thurs, Sat 2 & 8; Sun 3
New World Stages (+), 340 W. 50th Street
WINNER OF 4 TONY AWARDS INCL.
BEST MUSICAL REVIVAL!
Today at 2 & 8, Tomorrow at 7
Lincoln Center Theater presents
RODGERS & HAMMERSTEIN S
THE KING AND I
Directed by Bartlett Sher Tonight at 8!
THE WOODSMAN
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
Groups: 212-889-4300
www.KingandIBroadway.com An elemental reimagining of L. Frank
Vivian Beaumont Theater (+), 150 W. 65th Baum s World of Oz. The puppets are
fanciful and gorgeous! - New York Times
Mo 8, Wed-Fr 8, Sa 2:30 & 8, Su 3 & 7:30
The WoodsmanPlay.com
Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200
New World Stages (+), 340 W. 50th St.
Tonight at 7
DISNEY presents
THE LION KING
The Award-Winning Best Musical
Tickets & info: lionking.com
or call 866-870-2717
Groups (20+): 800-439-9000
T7; W7; T7; F8; S2&8; S1&6:30
Minskoff Theatre(+), B way & 45th Street
In the film, a taxi driver who doesn’t speak Mandarin finds his
income shrinking because he speaks only the local Cantonese.
books banned in the mainland.
Since the film’s general release in
late December, most showings
have sold out. With a budget of
about 500,000 Hong Kong dollars,
or about $64,000, the indie produc-
tion had raked in around 10 times
that amount by Thursday, Mr. Ng
said. On Friday, it received a best
film nomination for the Hong
Kong Film Awards.
“We didn’t even spend a dollar
on promotion,” he said. “We ini-
tially thought we were only going
to show it in private screenings
and had never expected such
huge demand.”
In its short stories, each by a dif-
ferent director, “Ten Years” por-
trays the Hong Kong of the near
future as struggling under the
tightening grip of its Chinese
Communist rulers, even though
the former British colony was re-
turned to Beijing in 1997 under a
“one country, two systems” princi-
ple with the promise that its free-
doms and way of life would be pre-
served for 50 years.
In one story, “Dialect,” the Man-
darin of the mainland has dis-
placed the local Cantonese as the
official language. Those who can-
not speak Mandarin are mar-
ginalized.
Hank, a taxi driver, has to post a
sign saying he does not speak the
language. His income is dwindling
because non-Mandarin-speaking
drivers are barred from picking
up passengers in some areas.
Children are taught in Mandarin
at school and, in one poignant
scene, Hank’s son walks up to him
after class calling him the Man-
darin “baba,” for dad, instead of
“loudau” in colloquial Cantonese.
“Ten years ago, they had to
learn Cantonese to be here,” a pas-
senger laments to Hank.
In other stories, books are cen-
sored, homes are bulldozed
against their owners’ will, and the
Chinese government meddles in
local policy-making, aided by ob-
sequious Hong Kong officials and
even hired thugs.
“If people weren’t terrified, who
would give a damn about the na-
tional security law?” a Chinese of-
ficial asks in “Extras,” in which
the Chinese government hires
gunmen to stage a terrorist attack
in Hong Kong, hoping to frighten
people into supporting such legis-
lation. In 2003, the Hong Kong
government’s attempt to pass a
national security law was halted
by a half-million protesters, who
were concerned that it could be
used by the Communist authori-
ties to crush dissent.
In “Self-Immolator,” a woman
sympathetic to a Hong Kong inde-
pendence movement pours gaso-
line over her head and sets herself
ablaze outside the British Consul-
ate, a scene that could have been
inspired by protests in 2014 urging
the British government to stand
up against China’s treatment of
Hong Kong.
Fantastic as these fables might
be, they have clearly resonated
with many people in Hong Kong.
“The movie is a reminder that if
we do nothing, Hong Kong will be-
come another Shenzhen,” said Os-
car Lai, who watched the film with
fellow activists from the pro-de-
mocracy group Scholarism.
People can discuss just about
anything freely in Hong Kong, un-
like in Shenzhen, the mainland
city on its northern border. But in
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANDY WONG
his annual policy address last
year, Hong Kong’s leader, Leung
Chun-ying, sternly warned
against an article in a collegiate
magazine that he said advocated
“self-determination and self-reli-
ance.” Though an independence
movement has yet to gain traction
in Hong Kong, polls show younger
residents distancing themselves
from a Chinese identity and wary
of closer integration. In 2014, most
of them supported, and many
participated in, months of
protests for freer elections in
Hong Kong, startling the world
with their defiance and civility.
In January, thousands of people
took to this city’s streets to protest
the disappearance of five
associates of Mighty Current, a
publisher of scandalous, often
thinly sourced books about Chi-
nese leaders, worried that they
had been forcibly taken to China.
The Hong Kong police are investi-
gating how one, Lee Bo, managed
to enter mainland China, where he
is said to be “assisting in an inves-
tigation,” without his travel docu-
ment. The fastest way to cross the
border these days, joked a car-
toonist for The South China Morn-
ing Post, an English-language
newspaper here, is by opening a
bookshop.
“Hong Kong people did not care
about the booksellers until the dis-
appearance of Lee Bo, the only
The vignettes in a
surprise hit film tap
into broad fears.
one who went missing from Hong
Kong, not in the mainland or Thai-
land,” said Nathan Law, secretary
general of the Federation of Stu-
dents, a union active in democra-
cy movements. The group has or-
ganized screenings of the film at
universities in coming weeks.
“People had thought they were
safe in Hong Kong,” he said.
“The government's intransi-
gence to people’s demand for de-
mocracy has shaken our confi-
dence in ‘one country, two sys-
tems’ since Aug. 31,” Mr. Law said,
referring to the day in 2014 that
China announced stringent re-
strictions on elections in Hong
Kong. The move set off the months
of protests known as the Umbrella
Revolution.
Even the scathing Global Times
editorial, describing “Ten Years”
as doing “more harm than good”
to the city, acknowledged some of
the fears reflected in the film.
“The film’s popularity in Hong
Kong is generally thought to
speak to Hong Kong’s deep anxi-
ety in the past two years,” it said.
“Clearly, the implementation of
‘one country, two systems’ is more
complicated than thought.”
After the editorial’s publication,
comments written in the simpli-
fied Chinese characters used in
mainland China began appearing
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
on the film’s Facebook page, with
many expressing a wish for the
film to be shown in the mainland.
Like a gamer who has scored a
triumph, Mr. Ng’s assistant
posted “Achievement unlocked”
on the film’s Facebook page, wear-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
ing the Global Times’s disap-
proval as a badge of honor.
While Mr. Ng agrees that the
film portrays a dark future, he
points viewers to glimmers of
hope. In the closing story, “Local
Egg,” which he directed, banned
books are pulled off shelves. But
many are stowed away in a secret
location, where they are avidly
read by rows of young people un-
der a dim tungsten light.

Adjusting Levine’s Medication May Prolong His Tenure at the Met
From First Arts Page
Levine — who is beloved by
singers, musicians and audiences
— poses a conundrum for the Met.
He has not only shaped but also
helped define the modern Metro-
politan Opera since becoming its
music director 40 years ago, con-
ducting more than 2,500
performances, choosing reper-
toire and nurturing many careers.
But more than a decade’s worth
of health problems — including
Parkinson’s disease, back prob-
lems, and a severe spinal injury
from a fall that forced him to miss
two seasons and has left him con-
ducting from a wheelchair — have
taken a toll on his ability to lead vi-
brantly.
While his spinal injury has been
improving, and his first two sea-
sons back after his accident were
largely a success, Mr. Levine, 72,
appeared noticeably frailer this
season, listing to the right in his
wheelchair during some
performances, and seeming to
have trouble controlling his left
arm. The performances he led of
Wagner’s “Tannhäuser” and
Strauss’s “Die Fledermaus” were
well received, but he withdrew
from the highlight of his season: a
new production of Berg’s “Lulu,”
an opera he brought into the Met’s
repertory. That, he said, made him
feel “terrible.”
Some of those well-reviewed
performances came off with ex-
traordinary measures behind the
scenes, Met employees said. Or-
chestra players who had trouble
reading Mr. Levine’s beat relied
more on intuition of what they
thought he would want and on
watching the concertmaster.
Singers onstage looked more to
the prompter’s box for direction.
And Donald Palumbo, the Met’s
chorus master, conducted the
chorus from the wings of the
stage, with using an audio monitor
to help him coordinate with the or-
chestra.
Mr. Levine said that he had
feared his Parkinson’s was
worsening. “I was surprised, and I
was worried,” he said, noting that
for a while he played “telephone
tag” with his doctor and did not
schedule an appointment for
some time. “I didn’t want to be do-
ing substandard performances
and stay working too long, but I
felt so good about the way I was
able to work — other than this ges-
tural thing.”
A Violent and Erotic Tale, Rooted in the Surreal
From First Arts Page
“It was very visual and
painterly,” Ms. Smith said. “The
reason that I wanted to translate
her in the first place is that I think
she is the best writer they have.”
It remains to be seen whether
“The Vegetarian,” which is being
released in the United States this
week by Hogarth, will resonate
with American readers. But it is
causing a stir in literary circles.
The book has drawn a string of ec-
static early reviews, including
those in Publishers Weekly, Book-
list and Kirkus, which called it
“gracefully written and deeply
disturbing.” Independent book-
sellers are rallying around it. Lit-
erary novelists like Lauren Groff,
Helen Oyeyemi and Eimear
McBride have heaped praise on
Ms. Han’s hypnotic prose.
“Enthusiasm spread like a virus
in the way that you always hope
will happen,” Molly Stern, the
publisher of Hogarth, said. “We’ll
see if that virus spreads into the
reading public.”
The story centers on Yeong-
hye, a melancholy housewife who
is haunted by violent dreams that
drive her to stop eating meat. Her
abusive husband views her veg-
etarianism as an act of rebellion,
while her brother-in-law becomes
obsessed with her increasingly
emaciated figure and her bluish
birthmark, and lures her into per-
forming in his sexually explicit
video art. Like a cursed mad-
woman in classical myth, Yeong-
hye seems both eerily prophetic
and increasingly unhinged when
she begins starving herself, hop-
ing to transform into a tree.
Ms. McBride, the author of “A
Girl Is a Half-Formed Thing,” said
she was struck by “the alignment
of extraordinarily lyrical prose
with incredibly brutal content.”
“The tension between the two
creates a very singular effect
within the reader; a sense of com-
plete immersion and utter disori-
entation all at once,” Ms. McBride
wrote in an email. “The technical
achievement is astonishing and
all the more so because she never
allows you even a glimpse at the
seams.”
If Ms. Han gains a broad Ameri-
can readership, she will be one of
the first South Korean authors to
do so. While American publishers
have become more willing to take
risks on works in translation, par-
ticularly since the commercial
success of international authors
like Elena Ferrante, Karl Ove
Knausgaard and Haruki Mu-
rakami, literary imports from
South Korea remain scarce. Just a
few prominent contemporary
James Levine leading the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra from a wheelchair in May. Health problems and an injury have disrupted his last few years.
Dr. Fahn, an expert on Parkin-
son’s, said in an interview with Mr.
Levine present that Mr. Levine
had Parkinson’s disease, but that
it did not seem to be progressing
and that his involuntary move-
ments, or dyskinesia, seemed to
result from too high a dose of the
medication L-dopa. “If you lower
the dose, and keep him smooth at
a lower dose, he should be able to
do pretty well,” Dr. Fahn said, add-
ing that he had reduced Mr.
Levine’s medication on Thursday
and was already seeing strong im-
provement.
Mr. Levine is scheduled to con-
Han Kang, the South Korean novelist, in her home, and her well-received book “The Vegetarian,”
which is due out this week from Hogarth in an English translation by Deborah Smith.
South Korean novelists have been
published in the United States, in-
cluding Young-ha Kim and Kyung-
sook Shin.
Some scholars, editors and
translators say it is a shame that
South Korea’s vibrant and diverse
literary culture has been largely
overlooked by Western publish-
ers, even as other Korean cultural
exports like K-pop have spread
across the globe. “There are so
few works of Korean literature in
translation, especially contempo-
rary stuff,” said Ed Park, a Kore-
an-American novelist and execu-
tive editor at Penguin Press.
More books are starting to
trickle in. Three years ago, the in-
dependent publisher Dalkey Ar-
chive Press started its “Library of
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
duct the Philadelphia Orchestra
this month in Philadelphia, and
his next test at the Met will be in
March, when rehearsals start for
Verdi’s “Simon Boccanegra,” star-
ring Plácido Domingo.
His health has been the subject
of much speculation since last fall,
when he repeatedly halted a final
dress rehearsal of “Tannhäuser”
that was supposed to be a run-
through. But while he looked frail
during the run, many of the
performances were very moving.
Anthony Tommasini, the chief
classical music critic of The New
York Times, wrote that Mr, Levine
Korean Literature” series, a trans-
lation program financed in part by
the Literature Translation Insti-
tute of Korea. Dalkey has pub-
lished 19 translations so far, in-
cluding contemporary novels and
20th-century classics, and will re-
lease six works of Korean fiction
this year.
Last year, AmazonCrossing
published the Korean author Bae
Suah’s acclaimed novella “No-
where to Be Found.” Hogarth has
acquired a second novel from Ms.
Han, “Human Acts,” which takes
place in 1980 in Gwangju, South
Korea, where a boy searches for
his friend’s body after a violently
suppressed student uprising. The
novel won Korea’s Manhae Liter-
ary Prize last year, and Ms.
Smith’s English translation came
out last month in Britain, where it
was well received.
Ms. Han was born in 1970 in
Gwangju. Her father, Han Seung-
won, a novelist, struggled to make
a living from his writing, and her
family moved frequently when
she was young. “It was too much
for a little child, but I was all right
because I was surrounded by
books,” she said.
When she was 9 her family
moved to Seoul, just four months
before the Gwangju uprising in
1980, when government troops at-
tacked pro-democracy protesters,
firing on the crowds and killing
hundreds. Though she didn’t wit-
ness it directly, the crackdown
profoundly shaped her views of
humanity’s capacity for violence,
After four decades, a
conductor is not ready
to lay down his baton.
“had the requisite stamina and fo-
cus to lead a stirring and insight-
ful account of ‘Tannhäuser.’” He
added, though, that “once in a
while his energy seemed to flag,
and details went astray.”
Members of the company
wished him well. David Frye,
chairman of the Met’s chorus
committee, said that “Jimmy is so
JEAN CHUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
but also for compassion and re-
demption. Her fascination with
those contradictory impulses
drives much of her fiction, and
gave her the idea for “The Vege-
tarian.”
“I was thinking about the spec-
trum of human behavior, from
sublimity to horror, and won-
dered, is it really possible for hu-
mans to live a perfectly innocent
life in this violent world, and what
would happen if someone tried to
achieve that?” she said.
She studied Korean literature at
Yonsei University, and published
her first poems in 1993. Her first
novel, “Black Year,” a mystery
about a missing woman, was re-
leased in 1998. Around that time,
she had the idea for a short story
about a woman who becomes a
plant, and who is lovingly tended
by her husband. The concept was
inspired partly by a line from the
Korean poet Yi Sang, who wrote,
“I believe that humans should be
plants.”
She always intended to return
to the plant woman, but wrote two
other novels before returning to
that theme around 2004.
Ms. Han spent three years
working on “The Vegetarian,”
which she wrote as three separate
novellas. She has published three
other novels since, but said she is
still attached to her heroine and
the story, which ends on an ambig-
uous note.
“I didn’t want to describe
Yeong-hye’s death,’’ she said. “I
wanted to keep her alive.”
well loved that the performers
want to see him do his best.” But
he acknowledged that there had
been difficulties this season, say-
ing, “it’s been a struggle for many
people to interpret his conducting
from the stage.”
Jessica Phillips, an acting prin-
cipal clarinetist and chairwoman
of the Met’s orchestra committee,
said, “We continue to support him
in his efforts to conduct in a
healthy way,” and added, “He has
built the Met orchestra and
chorus into what it is today.”
So for now Mr. Levine and the
Met are watching and waiting to
An Author Calms Down,
But Chaos Won’t Go Quietly
“Death of the Liberal Class,” a
muddle of a play by Robert Ly-
ons at the New Ohio Theater,
tries to find bigger themes in a
male schlub’s midlife crisis. But
that’s asking too
NEIL much of the sto-
ry’s irksome,
GENZLINGER inconsistent char-
acters.
THEATER
REVIEW The play takes
its title from a 2010
book by Chris Hedges, a former
war correspondent for The New
York Times, who in it excoriated
the institutions of liberalism for
allowing capitalism to run amok.
(“Pessimism porn,” The Huffing-
ton Post called the book in a
review.) Mr. Lyons’s play, though,
isn’t really about the book; it’s an
imagining of what might happen
to an author who wrote such a
book and then decided to stop
fighting the polemic fight.
In Mr. Lyons’s story that man
is Nick (Steven Rattazzi), who
has withdrawn with his teenage
daughter, Andrea (Jeanette
Diloné), to a farm in Canada.
Partly this is so he and his wife,
Daphne (Melissa Murray), can
ponder divorce, but mostly it’s to
escape the noise he has helped
generate with his screed.
“You used to be so angry about
everything,” Andrea says, wish-
ing he still were. He replies, “I
guess being on this farm makes
me less angry and more happy.”
His book made at least two
converts: Andrea and a hacker
she met online (Justin Colón).
“Death of the Liberal Class” runs
through Feb. 13 at the New Ohio
Theater, 154 Christopher Street,
Manhattan; 888-596-1027,
newohiotheatre.org. Running
time: 1 hour 20 minutes.
Death of the Liberal Class Steven Rattazzi and Jeanette Diloné in this
Robert Lyons play at the New Ohio Theater.
N C5
HIROYUKI ITO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
see how he responds to his new
regimen. Mr. Levine said that he
hoped he was not done yet as mu-
sic director.
“Sometime in the foreseeable
future I have to stop, but I would
hope that we could decide it in a
way which wasn’t rushed by the
fact that I wasn’t giving them
what they need,” he said. “I’ve
been a very lucky boy most of my
life, and I don’t think anybody gets
through life without having to
solve a serious problem once in a
while. But I want it to get, again,
the way it was, because I think our
collaboration isn’t finished.”
They have taken Nick’s more
radical ideas to heart — a little
too enthusiastically, as it turns
out.
The notion of a younger gener-
ation calling out hypocrisy by
actually taking the actions an
older generation only bloviated
about holds some appeal, but the
play is more interested in vali-
dating several wearying middle-
age fantasies. One is that
paunchy academics can achieve
rock-star-level fame and influ-
ence. Another is that young
people, if properly indoctrinated,
will see the superiority of the
music and movies their parents
loved. (Nick and Andrea have an
annoying habit of communicat-
ing in song lyrics by Bob Dylan
and such.)
Most oppressive of all is that
favorite crutch of scripts about
pudgy, balding men: Attractive
women are eager to jump into
bed with them. Here, Nick’s
conquests include not only his
estranged wife, but also his gor-
geous neighbor (Olivia Horton).
That might be plausible if Nick
were intellectually attractive, but
Mr. Rattazzi, under Jerry Hey-
mann’s direction, doesn’t re-
motely make him so. The charac-
ter lurches from whiny to irritat-
ing to inappropriately wisecrack-
ing — Homer Simpson with a
think-tank-caliber résumé.
Mr. Rattazzi is an experienced
actor, but he can’t make this
work. It’s telling that the play’s
most effective scene is a flash-
back to when Nick was still on
the warpath about liberalism’s
failures. That guy might have
made for a bracing case study,
but once all the bluster has been
removed from him, he’s kind of
dull. Maybe that’s Mr. Lyons’s
point.
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P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
STEVEN SCHREIBER
C6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Stalled Novelist,
Looking for His Muse
In All the Wrong Places
In his new novel, “The Fu-
gitives,” Christopher Sorrentino
grafts a halfhearted, Elmore
Leonard-style casino heist plot
onto what is fundamentally the
mournful story of
DWIGHT one man’s failures
as a writer, a hus-
GARNER band and a father.
The result is some-
BOOKS thing close to a
OF THE TIMES
disaster.
The elements don’t mesh, and
what we’re left with is what’s
COHEN MEDIA GROUP called, in the video game world,
at least, a mutual kill: Each side
Rams , starring Sigurdur Sigurjonsson, above, and Theodor Juliusson as feuding brothers in this Icelandic film, opening on Wednesday. is fatally damaged.
The funny thing about “The

Siblings at Odds Face a Shared Threat Fugitives,” however, is that you’d

never mistake it for the work of
an untalented writer. Mr. Sor- MINNA PROCTOR

rentino has serious gifts, and his

Even though they live in rural
Iceland, thousands of miles from
the Holy Land, and in a modern
reality of computers and mecha-
nized farm equipment, Gummi
and Kiddi have a decid-
A. O. edly Old Testament
vibe. It’s not just the
SCOTT untended beards and
the well-tended sheep.
FILM
The two men, who live
REVIEW
on neighboring farms in
a quiet valley, are feuding broth-
ers, locked in a sibling rivalry
that recalls Jacob and Esau or
Cain and Abel. The sources of
the bad blood are never speci-
fied, but it trickles though
“Rams,” Grimur Hakonarson’s
new film, like an icy stream.
Kiddi (Theodor Juliusson) is
larger, ruddier, drunker and
luckier than Gummi (Sigurdur
Sigurjonsson), and maybe better
at raising and breeding sheep.
Neither brother seems to have
any other family, but their isola-
tion does not spark any desire
for each other’s company. When
Gummi’s best ram comes in
second to Kiddi’s at an annual
contest for local breeders, it’s
clear that this is not his first
such humiliation. His desire for
revenge, which may be aided by
something like divine interven-
tion, gives this cleareyed and
eccentric movie its plot.
Mr. Hakonarson’s patient
attention to the brothers’ daily
routines yields some low-key
humor, and “Rams” is in some
respects a familiar kind of
Nordic comedy, deadpan and
touched with melancholy, about
stoical men with unusual jobs.
There are simple, satisfying
sight gags built around the clum-
siness of farm machinery, the
absurdity of sheep and the indig-
nities of advancing age and cold
weather. But despite its affection
for the quirks of its characters
and their milieu, the film is most
memorable for its gravity, for the
almost tragic nobility it finds in
sad and silly circumstances.
An outbreak of scrapie, an
ovine affliction similar to mad
cow disease, brings havoc to the
valley. Flocks are slaughtered,
livelihoods are wiped out and an
ancient way of life is threatened
with ruin. Mr. Hakonarson ob-
serves the grief and the fatalism
that the epidemic provokes in
Gummi and Kiddi’s other neigh-
bors, and at times “Rams” has
the quiet specificity of a docu-
mentary. Government inspectors
and veterinarians show up to
monitor the killing of the an-
imals and the cleaning of the
barns, and their calm, implaca-
ble authority only increases the
sense of helplessness and devas-
tation.
As the crisis deepens, and as
Gummi devises a devious, illegal
response to it — one that will
also settle scores once and for all
with his brother — the film takes
on a stark, elemental power. The
landscape of snow and volcanic
rock threatens to overwhelm the
creatures that call it home, and
the modern world recedes in the
face of a primal story of kinship
and survival. The last shot is
especially hard to shake. Tender
and poignant, it also has the
haunting authority of an ancient
stone carving, as if these broth-
ers were ordinary flesh-and-
blood creatures transformed into
figures of myth.
“Rams” is rated R (Under 17
requires accompanying parent or
adult guardian). Lambs to the
slaughter. In Icelandic, with
English subtitles. Running time: 1
hour 33 minutes.
observations about sex, envy,
writer’s block, marriage and
what’s left of New York City’s
literary world hint at the formi-
dable novel this might have been.
There’s a lot of gleaming ma-
chinery here that is never assem-
bled — machinery a lesser writer
wouldn’t have around in the first
place.
“The Fugitives” is the story of
Alexander Mulligan III, known
as Sandy, a successful Brooklyn
writer who escapes to small-
town Michigan to try to finish a
stalled novel. He is also escaping
a domestic scandal involving an
affair, a divorce, a pregnancy and
a suicide.
The sexual outlaw is now a
sexual outcast. “You’d think after
Burroughs had put a bullet
through his wife’s head, after
Mailer had stabbed his,” the
demented comedian in Sandy
comments, “I’d catch a break.”
Instead, a “persecuting spirit” all
but hounds him out of Brooklyn.
The Fugitives
By Christopher Sorrentino
322 pages. Simon & Schuster. $26.
Sandy’s father, a college profes-
sor, somewhat resembles the
author’s own, the novelist Gilbert
Sorrentino. Sandy’s novel is
overdue; this is Mr. Sorrentino’s
first major book in more than a
decade.
We’ve met men like Sandy a
hundred times. The lightly griz-
zled midcareer novelist as a lout,
fumbling toward grace, is among
the oldest stories. But if it’s a
tired story, so is boy meets girl
and “road trip.” These narrative
forms are elastic sacks into
which fine spirits can still be
poured.
Mr. Sorrentino pours some
very fine spirits indeed. For
example, Sandy would despise
my paragraph, just above, in
which I suggest some similarities

What Made hurriedly assemble a fake ver- between author and hero. “A
sion and then, to give it the novel should be like the calling
proper filing-cabinet sheen, toss card of an unknown killer,” he
A Brooklyn writer
Madoff it around the room like a football
and smash it into the walls.
In one of the show’s funniest moves to a Michigan
writes — deadly and anonymous.
The author has intuitive things
to say about the online world.

Do It? scenes Mr. DiPascali

From First Arts Page
ingly jovial performance in an
underwritten role. If the main job
of a Madoff drama is to get inside
the head of a man who could pull
off such a brazen scheme for so
long, “Madoff” doesn’t find much
there besides clichés about striv-
ing Jewish immigrants (who tend
to make the best salesmen) and
overbearing patriarchs.
What the production lacks in
moral dimension or psychological
acuity it occasionally makes up
for in entertainment value. The
first night, especially, offers some
snappy comedy as it delineates
how Mr. Madoff and a few trusted
Blythe Danner as Ruth Madoff in the mini-series “Madoff,”
written by Ben Robbins and directed by Raymond De Felitta.
employees carried out their
titanic fraud under the noses of
the rest of his firm’s employees,
including his two sons.
These scenes will be familiar
to followers of the Madoff case
GIOVANNI RUFINO/ABC
from the testimony of his lieuten-
ant Frank DiPascali Jr., played
here as a benign financial
wiseguy by Michael Rispoli.
When investigators demand a
nonexistent file, the fraudsters
demonstrates a computer system
for a couple of hedge-fund execu-
town to finish a
long-overdue novel.
Facebook is regarded by Sandy
as that “nice smooth interface
between you and all the bad
tives, ostensibly showing them habits and ancient dishar-
how Mr. Madoff is able to gener- monies.” He sends up the sort of
ate steady returns for his clients book parties held in art galleries
through any kind of market. Once in Michigan, he finds a with “high-res photos of vulvas
When he types a request into the house and sets up a literary war on the walls.”
machine — which is just a shell room. His novel is long overdue, Yet Sandy’s story is not al-
— it goes to an employee at a so he lays in enough Office Depot lowed to accrue layers of mean-
desk two floors below, who sends goodies, of a luxury sort, to ing and wit. Before long, he
back the desired response. knock the thing out in a few meets Kat, a plucky young re-
The hedge-fund guys, who are months. Here we find him midap- porter from a Chicago newspa-
recurring characters, are gener- praisal: “I also had an Aeron per. She’s on the trail of a lowlife,
ally portrayed as greedy buf- chair, a laptop with separate nicknamed Jackie Crackers, who
may or may not have stolen
foons, which is representative of cordless keyboard and mouse, an
external hard drive, a printer, a already skimmed money from an
the show’s approach. It wants to
scanner/fax/copier, a smart- Indian casino.
please the viewer by showing us
the rich as grinning idiots, gov- phone, an iPod and a stereo dock, Jackie Crackers also may or
ernment regulators as dim a modem, a high-speed Internet may not have reinvented himself
apparatchiks and the whistle- connection, and a wireless router as a Native American storyteller
blower Harry Markopolos to connect it all; everything the who appears at local fairs and
(Frank Whaley), the closest reclusive author needed except a libraries. Trust me when I say:
thing the story has to a hero, as a briar pipe and a walking stick.” You will not care about Jackie
sweaty, twitching numbers geek. What he lacks is his muse. His Crackers.

Crossword Edited by Will Shortz

Parallel to the tale of the scam
is the story of its effect on the
Madoff family, and as my col-
novel is not merely stalled; pri-
vately, he’s given it up for dead.
He fritters away his days, watch-
Kat and Sandy meet cute, have
blazing sex (back in Chicago, she
is married to a “froglike” food
PUZZLE BY TOM MCCOY
league Joe Nocera has pointed ing pornography, listening to critic) and get into ridiculous
ACROSS 45 Barn neighbor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 out, much more time is spent on playlists of thrillingly sad music scrapes involving tough guys
1 Infomercial 46 Itty-bitty their problems than on the prob- and ingesting beers before lunch. and handguns and shallow
presentation, 47 In eager 14 15 16
lems of Mr. Madoff’s victims. His publisher is threatening to graves out in the woods.
e.g. anticipation Several good actors are sacri- demand that he return his ad- The dialogue follows them
6 Many fourth- 17 18 19
52 F.B.I. action ficed to this soap-opera material vance; he’s living on a grant that right off the deep end. Over
down plays 53 Superstate in — Peter Scolari can’t do much may be cut off. sandwiches and milkshakes,
20 21
11 Take to the “1984” with Mr. Madoff’s brother, Peter, Mr. Sorrentino is the author of Sandy begins to make pro-
hills? 59 Avail oneself of 22 23 24 25 who spends most of the show five previous books, notably nouncements like: “It turned out
14 Scaly wall-scaler 60 Followers of Lord falling deeper into spiritual cri- “Trance” (2005), a winding and Rilke was right, that fame is no
15 HI hi Voldemort 26 27 28 29 30 sis, and neither can Blythe Dan- Don DeLillo-ish novel that was a more than the quintessence of all
16 QB Brady ner with Mr. Madoff’s wife, Ruth, remixing of the events surround- the misunderstandings collecting
63 Beseech
17 Seize the reins 31 32 33 34 35 36 though she has some nice mo- ing Patty Hearst’s kidnapping. around a new name.” Kat’s editor
64 Go around in back in Chicago makes the same
19 Bauxite or galena circles ments in scenes with Danny That book was a finalist for the
37 38 39 40
Deferrari as the Madoffs’ son National Book Award but didn’t kind of pretentious sucking
20 Fall guy? 65 What might sounds.
Andrew. Tom Lipinski of “The attract the audience it deserved.
21 What pi may be get an A1 41 42 43 44
Gore Vidal had no patience
application? Knick” fares best as the other “Trance” had the misfortune of
used to find son, Mark, who represents all the appearing in the wake of Susan with anyone who, like Sandy,
22 Female lead in 66 “What ___ the 45 46
Choi’s sublime 2003 novel, complained of writer’s block.
outrage Mr. Madoff generated.
“Gattaca” and odds?!” About such men and women, he
47 48 49 50 51 “Madoff” is Mr. Dreyfuss’s “American Woman,” also loosely
“Kill Bill” 67 Some Arizona about the Hearst case, which said: “You’re not meant to be
show, though, and while the
26 Drive away flora caught a larger ride in the cul- doing this. Plenty more where
52 53 54 55 56 57 58 charismatic character he puts on
30 Tirade 68 Grosses screen, generous and loyal to a ture. you came from.”
31 Bourgeoisie … 59 60 61 62 fault, may not jibe with our im- Mr. Sorrentino’s new novel is, But Mr. Sorrentino is clearly
or a description DOWN pression of the real Mr. Madoff, you can’t help noticing, at least meant to be doing this — writing
of each group of 1 Pepper and 63 64 65 he’s fun to watch. If Bernard L. vaguely autobiographical. Like novels, that is. Even if, in “The
circled letters? others: Abbr. Madoff said, “I’m simply an Sandy, he was involved in a Fugitives,” he’s spinning his
34 Sound from a 2 Maximum
66 67 68
ordinary businessman who got in painful divorce, so painful that a outsize wheels.
terrier over his head,” you’d laugh. book — Benjamin Anastas’s
3 Gross 2/3/16
37 Genre of
4 Barely obtained,
When Richard Dreyfuss says it, memoir, “Too Good to Be True”
Isaac Asimov’s 11 Hurricane, e.g. 29 Draw out 50 Question you laugh — and you half believe (2012) — has been written by The Times Book Review,
with “out”
“Foundation” 12 Land partitioned 31 Some sometimes him. another party in this sorry mess. every Sunday
5 Focal points accompanied by
38 Avail in 1945 submissions:
6 “The Hunger an elbow jab
39 Concur 13 “That is to say Abbr.
Games” nation
41 Adjust, as a …” Group of Christine of
KenKen
7 Very, very 32 51
watch 18 Future seed established “Chicago Hope”
8 “Neither snow
42 Baseball 21 “___ washes works
position … or ___ rain …” 54 Shock, in a way Answers to
away from the 33 Put a match to
a description of 9 However, in brief Previous Puzzles
soul the dust of 34 God whose name 55 The U.N.’s Kofi
each group of 10 “My Gal ___” everyday life”: ___ Annan
circled letters? (song classic) is a homophone
Picasso of a zodiac sign
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23 Commerce 56 Forward-looking
35 Count (on) person?
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE 24 Owns
36 Made dinner for
25 Hazardous 57 Persia,
P L A N E S K Y BR A W L 40 Cotton ___ nowadays
26 Source of
C O R E A Y O U LA V I E about 20% of 43 ___ Whitney
S O F T G N O G OP A L S 58 Requests, with
the calories 44 Witherspoon of “for”
F L O C K O F BI R D S consumed by “Legally Blonde”
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

T O I L E R S S R D I C E humanity 45 Down 60 File name

M O L I T O R O I L C A N 27 Work with ending in Word
31-Down 47 Dutch Caribbean
C H E X N A R C N Y E T S island 61 Long time
H O R I Z O N 28 File name
ending in Adobe 48 Surgical beam 62 Epitome of
H T E S T E D A M M E M O
I R A I S E R A M A D A N
Acrobat 49 Feudal lord simplicity
P A R T S P A N O C U T S Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each
S C H O O L O F F I S H Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 9,000 past puzzles, heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication
T H A N K N I L A T O N E nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year). or division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6.
E E R I E D R E I W E R E Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay. For solving tips and more KenKen puzzles: www.nytimes.com/kenken. For feedback: nytimes@kenken.com
R A T T Y S E A C O R A L Crosswords for young solvers: nytimes.com/studentcrosswords. KenKen® is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright © 2016 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N C7

EVENING WHAT TO WATCH WEDNESDAY

7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
2 WCBS The Insider (N) Entertainment2 Broke Girls (N) > Mike & Molly Criminal Minds “’Til Death Do Us Code Black “Diagnosis of Exclu- NEWS (N) (CC) The Late Show With Stephen “The City” is streaming on Fandor and
(CC) (HD) Tonight (N) (CC)
(CC) (HD) (14) (N) (CC) (HD) Part.” Brides are murdered. (CC) sion.” A violent incident inside the (HD) Colbert Phil McGraw; Mark and Jay dramatizes the immigrant experience. “Madoff”
(HD) (8:01) (14) (8:31) (HD) (14) (9:01) hospital. (N) (CC) (HD) (14) Duplass. (N) (HD) (PG) (11:35)
should help sate any craving for financial drama
4 WNBC Extra (N) (CC) Access Hol- The Mysteries of Laura “The Mys- > Law & Order: SVU “Forty-One Chicago P.D. “Hit Me.” A cop tar- NEWS (N) (CC) The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy
(HD) (PG) lywood (N) (CC)
tery of the Morning Jog.” A top sports Witnesses.” Witnesses of a rape gets women leaving a casino. (N) (HD) Fallon Martin Scorsese; Gillian Ja- you may have acquired from “The Big Short.”
(HD) (PG) surgeon is murdered. (N) (HD) don’t call for help. (N) (CC) (HD) (CC) (HD) (14) cobs. (N) (CC) (HD) (14) (11:34) Take a break from the usual news networks and
5 WNYW > Modern Fam- > Modern Fam- American Idol “Hollywood Round Hell’s Kitchen “15 Chefs Compete.” NEWS Alexander, Lacy, Gregory, > The Big Bang > The Simpsons TMZ Live (CC) watch the Al Jazeera America anchor John
ily “Run for Your ily “The Bicycle
No. 3.” The Hollywood rounds con- A team challenge involving duck Salzberg. (N) (CC) Theory (CC) “Treehouse of (HD) (PG) Seigenthaler before that channel goes off the air
Wife.” (HD) Thief.” (HD) tinue. (N) (CC) (HD) (PG) dishes. (N) (CC) (HD) (14) (9:01) (HD) (PG) Horror XXV.” (14)
this spring.
7 WABC Jeopardy! (N) Wheel of For-OMadoff Investment adviser Bernie Madoff. (N) (HD) (Part 1 of 2) (PG) American Crime “Season Two: Epi- NEWS (N) (CC) Jimmy Kimmel Live Channing
(CC) (HD) (G) tune (N) (CC) sode Five.” Taylor has to defend his (HD) Tatum; Regina King; Kopecky. (N)
(HD) (G) actions. (N) (CC) (HD) (14) (CC) (HD) (14) (11:35)
9 WWOR Family Feud (N) > The Big Bang The Closer “Blindsided.” Fritz The Closer “Culture Shock.” A tour NEWS (N) (CC) Inside Edition Anger Manage- Anger Manage- > How I Met WHAT’S STREAMING
(CC) (HD) (PG) Theory meets Brenda’s father. (CC) (HD) company owner is found dead. (HD) (HD) (N) (CC) (HD) ment (CC) (HD) ment (CC) (HD) Your Mother
11 WPIX > Friends (CC) > Seinfeld “The Arrow “Unchained.” A villian known Supernatural “Don’t You Forget NEWS (N) (CC) PIX11 Sports > Seinfeld (CC) Two and a Half Two and a Half
(HD) (PG) Tape.” (HD) as The Calculator. (N) (CC) (HD) About Me.” (N) (CC) (HD) (14) (HD) Desk (HD) (10:45) (HD) (PG) Men (CC) (HD) Men (CC) (HD)
13 WNET PBS NewsHour (N) (CC) (HD) Nature “Mystery Monkeys of Shan- Nova “Creatures of Light.” (N) (CC) Secrets of the Dead “Cavemen > Charlie Rose (N) (CC) (HD) Tavis Smiley (N)
gri-La.” (CC) (HD) (PG) (HD) (G) Cold Case.” (CC) (PG) (CC) (G)
21 WLIW Metrofocus Pre Business Report All Creatures Great & Small (PG) Doc Martin “Rescue Me.” (CC) EastEnders (PG) EastEnders (PG) Metrofocus Pre NEWS (CC) Nature (HD) (PG)
25 WNYE Great Museums: Elevated NY Stories Neighborhood $9.99 (CC) 92Y on N.Y.C.Life (N) Books Du Jour Polish News On Broadway Travels to Edge
31 WPXN > Law & Order “Life Line.” (HD) > Law & Order “Birthright.” (HD) > Law & Order (CC) (HD) (14) > Law & Order (CC) (HD) (14) > Law & Order (CC) (HD) (14) > Law & Order
41 WXTV Muchacha italiana viene a Antes Muerta que Lichita (N) Pasión y poder (N) El Hotel de los Secretos (N) Noticias (N) Noticiero Uni Deportivo
47 WNJU Caso Cerrado: Edición Estelar (N) Celia (N) (CC) Eva la Trailera (N) (CC) La Querida del Centauro (N) (CC) Noticias Titulares y Más Gran Hermano
48 WRNN NEWS (N) Mercy Ships Paid programming
49 CPTV PBS NewsHour (N) (CC) (HD) Nature (CC) (HD) (PG) Nova “Creatures of Light.” (N) (HD) The Story of Electricity Antiques Roadshow (Part 2 of 3) Newsline (CC)
50 WNJN One on One NEWS American Songbook at NJPAC Masterpiece Classic Downton Abbey is threatened. Faces-Philanth NEWS Classroom > Charlie Rose
55 WLNY 2 Broke Girls > Mike & Molly > Law & Order: CI (CC) (HD) NEWS (N) Judge Judy (N) Judge Judy (HD) 2 Broke Girls > Mike & Molly Ent. Tonight
VICTOR SIRA/ZEITGEIST FILMS
63 WMBC Paid programming Bible School Change-World NEWS Christian CEOs Paid programming
68 WFUT Por Ella Soy Eva (6) La Rosa de Guadalupe (CC) Lady La Vendedora de Rosas Ruta 35 (N) Noticias (N) Noticiero Uni Vecinos (CC) THE CITY (1998) on Fandor. David Riker’s film
PREMIUM CABLE about Latin American immigrants in New York
ENC . No Country for Old Men (2007). . Invincible (2006). Mark Wahlberg, Greg Kinnear. The story of football’s Cinderella Man (2005). Russell Crowe. Depression-era boxer James J. Brad- Blow (2000). (R) City uses mostly amateur actors and consists of
Tommy Lee Jones. (R) (CC) (5:55) Vince Papale. Extra points for its close attention to detail. (PG) (CC) dock gets a last chance at glory. Blood, sweat, tears. (PG-13) (CC) (9:50) (CC) (12:15) four stories — about day laborers, a young
FLIX . Good Morning, Vietnam (1987). The Rocketeer (1991). Bill Campbell, Jennifer Connelly. Comic-book heroism . Around the World in 80 Days (2004). Jules Verne’s globe-trotters at it . Restoration Mexican man in love, a sweatshop worker, and
Robin Williams. (R) (CC) (5:55) in the late 30’s. Sets and gimmicks much wittier than the people. (PG) (CC) again. Deliriously silly slapstick, propelled by Hurricane Jackie. (PG) (CC) (1995). (R) (CC) a puppeteer and his daughter. “ ‘The City’
HBO The Theory of Everything (2014). Eddie Redmayne, Felicity Jones. Life of Focus (2015). Will Smith. Con man encounters former On the Run Tour: Beyoncé and Jay Z The couple perform in Paris, doesn’t go out of its way to pull your
Stephen Hawking. Good on marriage, bad on science. (PG-13) (CC) (6:50) protégé-lover. Silky, seductive caper. (R) (CC) France. (CC) (MA) (10:45) heartstrings, but its understatement makes it
HBO2 The Godfather Epic “Godfather” compilation. (CC) (5) The Hills Have all the more devastating,” Stephen Holden
Eyes 2 (12:05)
wrote in The New York Times. (Image:
MAX Black Knight (2001). Martin Law- Norbit (2007). Henpecked husband’s childhood sweetheart moves back Jumper (2008). Jamie Bell. Young slacker learns he Femme Fatales Femme Fatales
rence. (PG-13) (CC) (6:35) to town, with Murphy in three roles. Not exactly uproarious. (CC) (8:15) can teleport at will. You’ll wish you could. (PG-13) (CC) “The Clinic.” (MA) (CC) (MA) Cipriano Garcia, left center, with Leticia
SHO Twelve Monkeys (1995). Bruce Wil- The Lovely Bones (2009). Mark Wahlberg, Rachel Weisz. Murder victim Shooter (2007). Mark Wahlberg, Michael Peña. Wounded sniper plots revenge against
Herrera)
lis, Madeleine Stowe. (R) (CC) (5:45) watches over her family. Tries to cram in too much of book. (PG-13) (CC) those who betrayed him. Mainly men and guns and things that go boom. (R) (CC) (10:15)
SHO2 Freedom Writers (2007). Hilary Rampart (2011). Woody Harrelson, Ben Foster. Old-school L.A. cop Last Vegas (2013). Michael Douglas. Four old friends . Drunk Stoned Brilliant Dead: The
Swank. (PG-13) (CC) (5:55) struggles to survive in new era. Sun-scorched noir. (R) (CC) reunite for wedding. Mild geezer comedy. (PG-13) (CC) Story of the National Lampoon WHAT’S ON TV
STARZ Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015). Robert Downey Jr. Avengers reassem- Black Sails “XX.” The Walrus crew . Total Recall (1990). Arnold Schwarzenegger. Earthman dreams of paral- . Unleashed
ble to battle villainous robot. Diverting and dreary. (PG-13) (CC) (6:35) fights the elements. (CC) (MA) lel life on Mars. Vigorous sci-fi with better-than-average premise. (R) (CC) (2005). Jet Li. (R)
TMC After (2012). Bus crash survivors wake . Inside Llewyn Davis (2013). Oscar Isaac, Carey Mulligan. Folksing- Hateship Loveship (2013). Kristen Wiig, Guy Pearce. Shy woman is . Away From
up alone in their town. (CC) (6:30) er’s struggles in 1960s Greenwich Village. Intoxicating ramble. (R) (CC) tricked into falling in love. Absorbing, messy story. (R) (CC) Her (2007). (CC)
CABLE
7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
A&E Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty “Heroes Welcome.” Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty Duck Dynasty
(CC) (PG) (CC) (PG) “Drone Survivor.” “Alan in Charge.” (CC) (PG) (N) (CC) (PG) (CC) (PG) (10:32) (CC) (PG) (11:02) (CC) (PG) (11:32) (CC) (PG) (12:01)
AHC Mafia’s Greatest Hits (CC) (PG) Mafia’s Greatest Hits “John Gotti.” Blood Feuds (CC) (14) Blood Feuds (N) (14) Mafia’s Greatest Hits “John Gotti.” Blood Feuds (14)
AJAM NEWS (N) (CC) ONEWS (N) (CC) Ali Velshi America Tonight NEWS (N) (CC) NEWS (N) (CC) Inside Story NEWS (N) (CC)
AMC . The Fugitive (1993). Harrison . The Bourne Supremacy (2004). Matt Damon. Ludlum’s C.I.A.-trained assassin on the run The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008). Keanu Reeves, Jennifer Connelly.
Ford, Tommy Lee Jones. (PG-13) (5) again. High-gloss thrill ride, with one of the best demolition derbies ever filmed. (PG-13) (CC) Alien arrives to clean house. Klaatu’s bored and so are we. (PG-13) (CC)
APL Treehouse: Out on a Limb Treehouse Masters (CC) (PG) Treehouse Masters (CC) (PG) Treehouse: Out on a Limb Treehouse Masters (CC) (PG) Treehouse Mstr
ERIC LIEBOWITZ/ABC
BBCA Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek: Next
BET > Martin (CC) > Martin “Suspicious Minds.” Martin > Martin “Baby Real Husbands Real Husbands Criminals at Work “Love And Be- Criminals at Work “Love And The Wendy Wil- MADOFF 8 p.m. on ABC. Richard Dreyfuss
(PG) (7:04) suspects his pals of theft. (7:42) It’s You.” (8:20) of Hollywood of Hollywood trayal.” (N) Betrayal.” liams Show (PG) plays Bernard L. Madoff, the financial adviser
BLOOM > Charlie Rose (N) (CC) With All Due Respect (G) Trending Business (N) (G) > Charlie Rose (CC) Bloomberg West (G) Paid programming who ran America’s biggest Ponzi scheme.
BRV The Real Housewives of Beverly The Real Housewives of Atlanta Newlyweds: The First Year “A Very Newlyweds: The First Year “It’s All Watch What Newlyweds: The First Year “It’s All Writing in The Times, Mike Hale said, “What
Hills “Backwards in Heels.” (14) “Jamaican Beef Catty.” (14) Modern Family.” (14) Gravy.” (N) (14) Happens: Live Gravy.” (14) the production lacks in moral dimension or
CBSSN That Other Pregame Show (6) College Basketball Creighton vs. Villanova. Super Bowl Live The Timeline psychological acuity it occasionally makes up
CMT Last-Standing Last-Standing Last-Standing Last-Standing Steve Austin’s Broken Skull Steve Austin’s Broken Skull Party Down South (14) Reba “Surprise.” for in entertainment value.” The second part
CN We Bare Bears Regular Show King of the Hill Bob’s Burgers Bob’s Burgers Cleveland Show American Dad American Dad Family Guy (14) Family Guy (14) Robot Chicken will be shown on Thursday at 8 p.m. (Image:
CNBC The Profit “Farmgirl Flowers.” A flo- Shark Tank All-female golf caddy Shark Tank A car that runs on com- Restaurant Startup “A Place in the Shark Tank A juice and smoothie Shark Tank (CC) Mr. Dreyfuss)
rist uses a unique business model. company. (CC) (PG) pressed air. (CC) (PG) Sun.” (N) cart. (CC) (PG) (PG)
CNN Erin Burnett OutFront (N) AC 360 Democratic Town Hall Coverage of the Democratic Presidential Town Hall from New Hampshire; CNN Tonight With Don Lemon (N) CNN Tonight
Anderson Cooper hosts. (N) (Live) With Don Lemon
COM > South Park > South Park > South Park > South Park > South Park > South Park > South Park > South Park The Daily Show The Nightly At Midnight With
(CC) (MA) (6:53) (CC) (14) (7:25) (CC) (14) (7:56) (CC) (MA) (8:27) (CC) (MA) (8:58) (CC) (14) (9:29) (CC) (14) “Sarcastaball.” Show Chris Hardwick
COOK Unwrapped (G) Unwrapped (G) OTiffani’s Tiffani’s Tia Mowry Kelsey Home. Rev’s Suppers Rev’s Suppers Good Eats (G) Good Eats (G) Tiffani’s
CSPAN US House of Representatives Special Orders Key Capitol Hill Hearings Speeches. Capitol Hill
CSPAN2 U.S. Senate (3) Key Capitol Hill Hearings Speeches. Capitol Hill
CUNY NEWS (6:30) Brian Lehrer Black America Ind Sources Eldridge & Co. Tony Guida Study W/ Best Stoler Rpt Criminal Justice ABNY Br- Digital Age
DIS Liv and Maddie Mako Mermaids Bad Hair Day (2015, TVF). Laura Marano. Student Austin & Ally Bunk’d (CC) (G) Best Friends Girl Meets World K.C. Undercover That’s So Raven
(CC) (G) (CC) (G) helps cop pursue thief on prom night. (CC) (CC) (G) (9:40) (10:05) Whenever (CC) (CC) (G) (CC) (Y7) (CC) (Y7)
DIY Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Rehab Addict Big Beach Blds. Rehab Addict Rehab Addict
DSC Dual Survival “Out of the Clouds.” Dual Survival: Untamed “Take Me Dual Survival “Eat or Be Eaten.” Survivorman: Wild Instincts “In- Dual Survival “Eat or Be Eaten.” Af- Dual Survival
(CC) (PG) to the River.” (N) (CC) (14) Africa’s dry season. (N) (CC) (14) dia.” (N) (CC) (PG) (10:01) rica’s dry season. (CC) (14) (11:01) (CC) (PG) (12:02)
E! E! News (N) (CC) (PG) Keeping Up With the Kardashians Keeping Up With the Kardashians Keeping Up With the Kardashians E! News (N) (CC) (PG) NIKO TAVERNISE/COLUMBIA PICTURES

ELREY Pros vs. Joes (PG) Lucha Underground (N) (14) Lucha Underground (14) Red vs. Blue Red vs. Blue Red vs. Blue Red vs. Blue Super Shark
THE AMAZING SPIDER-MAN 2 (2014) 7 p.m.
ENCFAM OThe Amazing Spider-Man 2 (2014). Andrew Garfield, Emma Stone. (PG-13) (CC) The Wedding Singer (1998). (PG-13) (CC) (9:25) Babes in Toyland (1986, TVF). Pat Morita. (G) (CC) (11:05)
on Encore Family. Peter Parker pines for
ESPN N.B.A. Countdown N.B.A. Golden State Warriors vs. Washington Wizards. N.B.A. Minnesota Timberwolves vs. Los Angeles Clippers.
information about his dead parents and
ESPN2 College Basketball Notre Dame vs. Miami. College Basketball Kansas State vs. Kansas. SportsCenter (CC) SportsCenter agonizes over his relationship with Gwen Stacy
ESPNCL Who’s Number 1? (CC) Who’s Number 1? (CC) Who’s Number 1? (CC) Who’s Number 1? (CC) Who’s Number 1? (CC) Who’s No. 1? while attending to his responsibilities as
ESQTV Semi-Pro (2008). (R) (CC) (6) Team Ninja Warrior (CC) (PG) Team Ninja Warrior (CC) (PG) Friday Night Tykes Friday Night Tykes Semi-Pro (2008). Spider-Man in this sequel directed by Marc
FOOD Diners, Drive Diners, Drive Diners, Drive Diners, Drive Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives (N) (G) Guilty Pleasures 5 Restaurants Diners, Drive Diners, Drive Diners, Drive Webb. The film “balances blockbuster bombast
FOXNEWS On the Record With Greta Van The O’Reilly Factor (N) (CC) The Kelly File (N) Hannity (N) The O’Reilly Factor (CC) The Kelly File with human-scale drama, child-friendly comedy
Susteren (N) (CC) and gushers of tears,” Manohla Dargis wrote in
FREEFRM Mean Girls (2004). (PG-13) (6) Young & Hungry Baby Daddy (N) Nanny McPhee (2005). Emma Thompson, Colin Firth. (PG) The 700 Club (CC) (HD) (G) Step Up 2 St. The Times. Hints of future villains should
FS1 College Basketball St. John’s vs. Xavier. (CC) (6:30) College Basketball Marquette vs. Seton Hall. (CC) Fox Sports Live (CC) Garbage Time please fans. (Image: Emma Stone)
FUSE You Got Served: Beat the World (2011). (PG-13) (6:30) > Hates Chris > Hates Chris > Hates Chris > Hates Chris > Hates Chris Saturday Fever > Hates Chris > Hates Chris
DINNER AT TIFFANI’S 8 p.m. on Cooking.
FX The Twilight Saga: Breaking The Purge (2013). Ethan Hawke, Lena Headey. For 12 hours a year The Purge (2013). Ethan Hawke, Lena Headey. For 12 hours a year The People v.
Dawn Part 2 (2012). (CC) (5:30) nothing is a crime. Loud, crude, violent fable. (R) (CC) nothing is a crime. Loud, crude, violent fable. (R) (CC) O.J. Simpson Tiffani Thiessen, the actress known for “Saved
FXM Marley & Me (2008). Owen Wilson, We Bought a Zoo (2011). Matt Damon, Scarlett Johansson. Widower quits job, buys zoo. Marley & Me (2008). Owen Wilson, Jennifer Aniston. A dog and his by the Bell,” invites celebrity friends over for
Jennifer Aniston. (PG) (CC) (5:30) Charming two- and four-legged actors. (PG) (CC) couple. Bland and obsequious. (PG) (CC) (10:20) dinner. The show’s name is a play on “Breakfast
FXX Getaway (5:30) 21 Jump Street (2012). Cops go under cover as high-school students. Playfully formulaic. (R) OAlways Sunny Seeking Wman Always Sunny Seeking Wman > The Simpsons at Tiffany’s,” Truman Capote’s 1958 novel, made
FYI Married at First Sight (CC) (PG) Married at First Sight (CC) (14) Kocktails With Khloé Kocktails With Khloé “Cheers.” (N) Kocktails With Khloé (CC) (11:01) Married-Sight into a film starring Audrey Hepburn in 1961.
GOLF L.P.G.A. Tour Golf Coates Golf Championship, first round. (6:30) Golf Central European P.G.A. Tour Golf
AL JAZEERA AMERICA NEWS 8 p.m. on AJAM.
GSN Family Feud Family Feud Newlywed Newlywed Family Feud Family Feud Idiotest (CC) Idiotest (CC) Idiotest (CC) Idiotest (CC) Family Feud
The Emmy-winning journalist John
HALL Last-Standing Last-Standing Unleashing Mr. Darcy (2016). Competition and attraction at dog show. (CC) The Middle (PG) The Middle (PG) Golden Girls Golden Girls Golden Girls Seigenthaler anchors this prime-time news
HGTV Property Brothers: Buying Property Brothers “Julie & Adam.” Property Brothers “Laurel & Craig.” House Hunters Hunters Int’l Property Brothers (CC) (G) Property Bro program. Al Jazeera America is set to shut
HIST American Pickers “Let it Go.” (CC) American Pickers “This One American Pickers “Full Speedo Pawn Stars (N) Pawn Stars (CC) Pawn Stars (CC) Pawn Stars (CC) American Pick- down in April.
(PG) Stings.” (CC) (PG) Ahead.” (N) (CC) (PG) (CC) (PG) (PG) (10:32) (PG) (11:03) (PG) (11:32) ers (CC) (12:01)
HLN Forensic Files Forensic Files Nancy Grace (N) Dr. Drew (N) Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files
ID 48 Hours on ID “Kiss of Death and 48 Hours on ID “Star Witness.” Wit- Web of Lies “The Sick Boy.” (N) Shadow of Doubt “Midlothian Jump 48 Hours on ID “Star Witness.” Wit- Web of Lies “The
the Google Exec.” (CC) (14) nesses provide false testimonies. (N) (CC) (14) Street.” (N) (CC) (14) nesses provide false testimonies. (14) Sick Boy.”
IFC The X-Files: I Want to Believe (2008). . The Matrix (1999). Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne. Hacker as action messiah. Enough visual bravado The Matrix Reloaded (2003). Keanu Reeves, Lau-
David Duchovny. (PG-13) (5:30) to sustain steady suspense. Cult classic, virtually speaking. (R) rence Fishburne. (R)
LIFE Little Women: LA “A Little Extra: Little Women: Atlanta “A Little Ex- Little Women: LA “Beauty Brawl.” Little Women: Atlanta “Juicy Gos- Little Women: Atlanta “Juicy Gos- Little Women:
MotoCrossed.” (N) (CC) (14) tra: Twerk Off!” (N) (CC) (14) (N) (CC) (14) sip.” (N) (CC) (14) (10:02) sip.” (CC) (14) (11:02) Atlanta (12:02)
LMN My Crazy Ex “Exposed, De-clothed My Crazy Ex “Sexed, Perplexed My Crazy Ex “Psychotic, Neurotic I Love You. But I Lied “Denial; I Love You. But I Lied “Stalked; My Crazy Ex
& Seriously Hosed.” (CC) (14) and Unfortunate Texts.” (CC) (14) and Auto Erotic.” (N) (CC) (14) Hardcore.” (N) (CC) (14) Education.” (CC) (14) (CC) (14)
7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
LOGO The Golden The Golden The Golden The Golden The Golden The Golden The Golden The Golden 227 “Shall We 227 “The Sing- 227 “Sweet Six-
Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Girls (CC) (PG) Dance?” (G) Off.” (G) teen.” (G)
MLB Intentional Talk M.L.B. Now M.L.B. Tonight The Bad News Bears (1976). Walter Matthau, Tatum O’Neal. (PG) M.L.B. Tonight M.L.B. Now
MSG College Basketball Boston College vs. Virginia. Halls of Fame Halls of Fame The Bracket The Bracket The Bracket The Bracket The Bracket
PATRICK MCELHENNEY/FX
MSGPL U.F.C. Count. The Game 365 Women’s College Basketball Kansas State vs. Baylor. U.F.C. Reloaded Demetrious Johnson vs. Ali Bagautinov.
MSNBC Hardball With Chris Matthews (N) All In With Chris Hayes (N) The Rachel Maddow Show (N) The Last Word All In With Chris Hayes Rachel Maddow IT’S ALWAYS SUNNY IN PHILADELPHIA 10
MTV Teen Mom (6:30) Teen Mom “The Big Day.” (CC) (PG) Teen Mom Bentley’s birthday. (CC) The Challenge:The Bloodlines The Bloodlines Greatest Party Catfish: The TV p.m. on FXX. Mac and Dennis move to the
NBCS N.H.L. Live N.H.L. Detroit Red Wings vs. Tampa Bay Lightning. N.H.L. Overtime (10:45) Center of Attention: Sanderson suburbs for all the imagined amenities. Then
NGEO Wicked Tuna “The Return.” (14) Wicked Tuna (14) Big Fish, Texas (N) (14) Big Fix Alaska (Series Premiere) (N) Big Fish, Texas “King of the Gulf.” Big Fix Alaska they contend with the neighbors and discover
NICK Paradise Run (N) Henry Danger Henry Danger Nicky, Ricky Full House (CC) Full House (CC) Full House (CC) Full House (CC) > Friends (14) > Friends (14) > Friends (14) that the city may be more their speed. (Image:
NICKJR Wallykazam! (Y) Bubble Guppies Bubble Guppies Shimmer, Shine Peppa Pig (CC) Peppa Pig (CC) Go, Diego, Go! Blaze, Monster Team Umizoomi Little Charmers Mia and Me (Y)
Charlie Day, left, and Danny DeVito)
NY1 Inside City Hall New York Tonight The Call Inside City Hall NEWS Sports on 1 The Last Word. (11:35)
WILD THINGS WITH DOMINIC MONAGHAN
OVA . Overboard (1987). (PG) (6) . Grumpier Old Men (1995). Jack Lemmon, Walter Matthau. (PG-13) . Big (1988). Tom Hanks. Boy turns into grown-up overnight. Disarming fantasy-comedy. (PG)
10 p.m. on Travel. Dominic Monaghan, the actor
OWN Dateline on OWN (CC) (14) Dateline on OWN (CC) (14) 20/20 on OWN “Linda Lusk.” (CC) 20/20 on ID “In Whom We Trust.” Dateline on OWN (CC) (14) 20/20 on OWN known for “The Lord of the Rings” and “Lost,”
OXY Preachers of L.A. “pReach LA.” Big Momma’s House (2000). Martin Lawrence, Nia Long. (PG-13) (CC) Preachers of Atlanta (N) Big Momma’s House (2000). Nia Long. (PG-13) (CC) goes to Bolivia, where he explores salt flats and
SCIENCE How It’s Made How It’s Made All-American Makers (N) (CC) MythBusters (CC) (PG) (9:01) MythBusters “Road Rage.” (10:01) All-American Makers (CC) (11:01) MythBusters a flamingo lake by a volcano, and looks for an
SMITH Aerial America “Hawaii.” (HD) (G) Africa’s Predator Zones (HD) (PG) When Lions Attack (CC) (HD) Africa’s Piranha (CC) (HD) (PG) Africa’s Predator Zones (HD) (PG) Lions Attack Andean bear.
SNY Geno Auriemma UConn Pregame Women’s College Basketball Connecticut vs. Tulane. Postgame SportsNite SportsNite SportsNite SportsNite ALEC M. PRIESTER
SPIKE Dredd (2012). Karl Urban. (R) (5:30) I, Robot (2004). Will Smith, Bridget Moynahan. (PG-13) I Am Legend (2007). Will Smith, Alice Braga. (PG-13)
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SUN Cobra (1986). Sylvester Stallone. L.A. sleuth stalks slasher. Crude and > Breaking Bad “No Mas.” The af- > Breaking Bad “Caballo Sin Nom- > Breaking Bad “I.F.T.” Walt ignores > Breaking Bad
sometimes confusing. (R) (CC) termath of the plane crash. (CC) bre.” (CC) (14) (10:04) Skyler’s demands. (PG) (11:08) (CC) (12:12)
SYFY Resident Evil (2002). Milla Jovov- Face Off “Lost Languages.” The art- Face Off “Covert Characters.” The The Magicians “Consequences of Face Off “Covert Characters.” The Colony “A Brave ONLINE: TELEVISION LISTINGS
ich, Michelle Rodriguez. (R) (CC) (6) ists create a long lost race. (CC) artists create disguise makeup. (N) Advanced Spellcasting.” (CC) (14) artists create disguise makeup. (CC) New World.” (14)
Television highlights for a full week, recent
TBS > Seinfeld (CC) > Seinfeld (CC) > The Big Bang > The Big Bang > The Big Bang > The Big Bang > The Big Bang > The Big Bang Conan Josh Brolin; Tom Segura. 2 Broke Girls
(Part 1 of 2) (Part 2 of 2) Theory (14) Theory Theory (14) Theory (14) Theory Theory (14) (N) (CC) (14) (CC) (14) reviews by The Times’s critics and complete
TCM . Madame Bovary (1949). Jennifer . Love Letters (1945). Jennifer Jones, Joseph Cotten. Sensitive, clas- . The Third Man (1949). Joseph Cotten, Orson Welles. Superb sus- . The Fallen local television listings.
Jones, James Mason. (CC) (6) sily-spun romantic drama, though it has a soap-opera soul. (CC) pense in Graham Greene’s postwar Vienna. And oh, that fade-out! (CC) Idol (1948). (CC) nytimes.com/tv
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

TLC My 600-Lb. Life “Chuck’s Story.” My 600-Lb. Life “June’s Story.” My 600-Lb. Life “Dottie’s Story.” (N) (CC) (PG) My 600-Lb. Life “Dottie’s Story.” (CC) (PG)
TNT Castle “The Late Shaft.” A talk show Castle “Den of Thieves.” Beckett Castle “Food to Die For.” A chef is Castle “Overkill.” Beckett invites > CSI: NY “Hung Out to Dry.” Serial > CSI: NY “Oedi-
host mysteriously dies. (CC) connects with a new detective. (CC) found frozen to death. (CC) (PG) Demming to assist. (CC) (PG) killer uses codes. (CC) (14) pus Hex.” Definitions of symbols used in the program listings:
TRAV Expedition Unknown (CC) (PG) Expedition Unknown (CC) (PG) Expedition Unknown (CC) (PG) OWild Things With Dominic Legends- Real Lewis & Clark Expedition Un. ★ Recommended film (N) New show or episode
TRU truTV Top Funniest (14) truTV Top Funniest (14) Adam Ruins Adam Ruins Adam Ruins Adam Ruins Billy-Street Billy-Street Top Funniest ☆ Recommended series (CC) Closed-captioned
 New or noteworthy program (HD) High definition
TVLAND Andy Griffith Andy Griffith > Raymond > Raymond > Raymond > Raymond Younger (N) (14) Teachers (N) (14) King of Queens King of Queens King of Queens
Ratings:
USA G.I. Joe: The G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013). Dwayne Johnson, Bruce Willis. Threats from within the gov- Suits “Live to Fight.” An anonymous > Modern Fam- > Modern Fam- > Modern Fam- (Y)All children (PG) Parental guidance suggested
Rise of Cobra (5) ernment jeopardize the G.I. Joes. (PG-13) (CC) tipster. (N) (CC) (14) ily (11:02) ily (11:32) ily (12:02) (Y7) Directed to older children (14) Parents strongly cautioned
VH1 Mob Wives (CC) (14) Mob Wives “The Sitdown.” (N) (14) . The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005). Steve Carell, Catherine Keener. (R) (9:02) Wanderlust (2012). (R) (11:32) (G) General audience (MA) Mature audience only
WE > Law & Order “Conduct Unbe- > Law & Order “Animal Instinct.” > Law & Order “Jurisdiction.” Link > Law & Order “Virus.” Insulin > Law & Order “Securitate.” Man is > Law & Order
coming.” (CC) (PG) Animal-rights group framed. (CC) Brooklyn, Manhattan murders. deaths linked to computer. (CC) killed in carjacking. (CC) (14) “Manhood.” (PG) The TV ratings are assigned by the producers or network.
Ratings for theatrical films are provided by the Motion Picture
YES Nets Pregame N.B.A. Indiana Pacers vs. Brooklyn Nets. Nets Postgame CenterStage Best of The Michael Kay Show Association of America.
 C8 N
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3 A STAR CHEF’S DEATH
Suicide and the stresses of
the kitchen. BY KIM SEVERSON
6 WINE SCHOOL
A modestly priced ticket to
Burgundy. BY ERIC ASIMOV
RESTAURANTS RECIPES WINE
In Ancient Footsteps
For some Chinese-American chefs, tracing their ancestors’ culinary path forges a new cuisine.
By JULIA MOSKIN
One was working as an accredited C.P.A.
Another had just completed the require-
ments for a pre-med degree at the Univer-
sity of Chicago. Yet another, a junior em-
ployee at Morgan Stanley, walked down 75
flights in the World Trade Center’s South
Tower and back into the family food busi-
ness on Sept. 11, 2001.
RIKKI SNYDER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Championship
Nachos
Sam Sifton loads the chips
heavily for game day. Page 7
SPIRITS
These New Yorkers — Thomas Chen,
Jonathan Wu and Wilson Tang — are among
a few dozen Chinese-Americans who have
recently surfaced as influential chefs, deter-
mined to begin a new culinary conversation
with the food of their ancestors. In-
dependently, they arrived at the same goal:
to invent a kind of Chinese-American food
that is modern, creative and delicious in-
stead of sweet, sticky and bland.
Rising Stars of the Fruit Bowl
Mandarins are booming
in California’s San Joaquin
Valley. Here’s why.
By DAVID KARP
BAKERSFIELD, CALIF. — Along the Maricopa
Highway at the southwestern end of the San
Joaquin Valley, rimmed by hardscrabble
hills and bobbing oil derricks, stretch miles
of lush green groves bearing fluorescent
mandarin oranges. Once home to cotton
fields, this is now the epicenter of an epic
agricultural boom that has industrialized a
noble fruit and turned it into a rising star.
Since that expansion started in the late
1990s, California’s mandarin plantings have
increased 10-fold, to 50,000 acres from
5,000. The state now harvests 92 percent of
the nation’s mandarin crop, while Florida,
But they took similar routes to get there.
Despite their advanced academic degrees,
these chefs started over as culinary stu-
dents, usually against their families’
wishes.
“No Chinese parent sends their child off
to college hoping they’ll work in a kitchen,”
said Mr. Chen, 31, whose parents owned a
restaurant in Mount Vernon, N.Y., while he
was growing up. “That’s what you go to
W. Murcott Afourer variety mandarin oranges in the Ojai Valley of California.
4 RESTAURANTS
Benoit, Alain Ducasse’s
Midtown bistro. BY PETE WELLS
2 A GOOD APPETITE
Pasta, mushrooms, bubbling
cheese. BY MELISSA CLARK
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 D1
N
PHOTOGRAPHS BY FRANCESCO SAPIENZA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
college to escape from.” From top, Thomas Chen of
They worked their way up in high-end Tuome, and his deviled egg;
global kitchens like Noma, Guy Savoy, Elev- Erika Chou and Doron Wong of
en Madison Park and Jean-Georges. And Yunnan BBQ, and their monkey
then, having defied their parents, they de- mushroom and ham stir-fry;
fied their culinary training as well. and Jonathan Wu of Fung Tu,
They left the luxurious places where they and his China-quiles.
had mastered foie gras and morels to open
storefront restaurants where they can mess
CONTINUED ON PAGE D5
troubled by citrus greening disease and ob-
solete varieties with seeds, has had its
share drop to 8 percent, from 66 percent.
In the process, thanks to new offerings
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
and deft marketing, mandarins — popu-
larly known as tangerines — have become a
fixture in the American fruit bowl. The
country’s consumption of mandarins has
doubled, to five pounds a year for every
American, while orange sales have de-
clined.
Mandarins may seem an unlikely candi-
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
date for a marquee fruit. The most complex
and flavorful of citrus, they are correspond-
ingly difficult to grow, as demanding as
wine grapes in their requirements for ter-
roir and horticultural prowess. At their
finest, they are juicy, sweet-tart and in-
tensely aromatic, but many store-bought
MONICA ALMEIDA/THE NEW YORK TIMES specimens are dry and bland. Shippers and
CONTINUED ON PAGE D7
D2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

MELISSA CLARK A GOOD APPETITE

Pasta for the Urbane Guest and the Kids

Fontina, ricotta and a turn in
the oven make an elegant dish
gooey and golden.
PASTA WITH wild mushrooms and rosemary
is an elegant dish, the kind of thing you’d see
at restaurants or maybe make yourself as
dinner-party fare.
But take that same pasta, smother it with
fontina and ricotta cheeses, plop it into a
casserole dish and bake it until the edges
crisp, the top turns golden and the center
collapses into a molten mass, and you’ve
turned what was once refined and genteel
into a supremely comforting, kid-pleasing
dish that’s still sophisticated enough to
serve to guests.
This is exactly what I’ve done here. I’ve
raised the ante on a standard yet irresistibly
gooey pasta bake by adding roasted wild
mushrooms and creamy, funky fontina
cheese.
Roasting the mushrooms, in particular,
lends this dish its earthy, heady charm.
Mushrooms are mostly water, and cooking
them at high heat condenses their flavor,
caramelizes their sugars and gives them
crunchy edges.
This technique works with any kind of
mushroom. Even the plain white-button
kind available in every supermarket will
gain intensity and character when tossed
with olive oil and exposed to searing tem-
peratures.
That said, the better and more interesting
your mushrooms are to start with, the tasti-
er they will become after roasting.
Wild mushrooms — or the so-called wild
ones you can find in many markets that are
actually farmed — are an excellent choice in
terms of both flavor and texture. Oyster
mushrooms (maitake, chanterelles and the
like) have lots of nooks and crevices, which
allow them to get even more delectably PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANDREW SCRIVANI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
crispy than the more evenly rotund cremi-
nis and white buttons. You can also use a BAKED CHEESY PASTA CASSEROLE
mix of different mushrooms.
As for the cheese, I chose fontina for its
WITH WILD MUSHROOMS
. ....................................................................................
lusciousness when melted. But other good
melting cheeses — Gruyère, Cheddar, TIME: 45 MINUTES
Gouda — will work. And the ricotta adds a YIELD: 8 SERVINGS
milky creaminess that rounds out the dish.
Another reason to make this, besides the  
universal browned, gooey appeal of a baked 1 pound mixed wild or cultivated
pasta casserole, is that you can do it almost mushrooms, such as oyster, maitake
entirely in advance. You can roast the and shiitake
mushrooms, cook the pasta and even as-
3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
semble the entire dish up to eight hours
½ teaspoon kosher salt, more as needed 1 teaspoon finely chopped fresh sage to a boil. Add the pasta and cook for at least a
ahead. Just pop it into the oven right before
serving, adding a few minutes to the cook- ½ teaspoon black pepper, plus a few 1 garlic clove, finely grated few minutes less than the package directs.
ing time if it’s still cold from the fridge. grinds (You want the pasta very al dente; it will finish
Then serve it forth — to your most stylish, 2 fresh rosemary branches 1. Heat the oven to 450 degrees. Trim the softening in the sauce.) Drain well.
urbane dinner guests and to your kids. This ½ pound orecchiette, farfalle or other mushrooms and cut into 1-inch pieces. Toss
3. Turn oven up to 500 degrees. In a large
is one pasta casserole they will all get be- short pasta with the olive oil, the salt, a few grinds of
hind. bowl, stir together the cream, ricotta, fontina,
¾ cup heavy cream pepper and the rosemary. Spread on a large
Parmesan, sage, pepper, garlic and a pinch of
½ cup fresh ricotta baking sheet and roast, tossing once or twice,
ONLINE: A BACON SUBSTITUTE salt. Stir in the pasta and mushrooms. Arrange
5 ounces fontina cheese, grated (1¼ until golden brown and crisped around the
In a video, Melissa Clark shows how to roast a in a shallow 2-quart gratin dish or 9- by 13-inch
variety of mushrooms for maximum flavor. cups) edges, 15 to 18 minutes. Discard rosemary.
pan. Bake until cheese is melted and bubbly
nytimes.com/food 2 ounces Parmesan, grated (½ cup) 2. Meanwhile, bring a large pot of salted water and browned in spots, 10 to 15 minutes.

DAVID TANIS CITY KITCHEN

Chicory Rocks the Salad Bowl .......................................................................................

Multicolored varieties please
the eye and the palate.
GIVE ME a leafy salad any day. Make it ro-
maine, butter lettuce, watercress, red oak
or a mixture of sturdy midsize leaves, and
dress it simply with a good vinaigrette or
with nuts, fruit and cheese. In cooler
weather, compose it with as many kinds of
multicolored chicory as possible.
The well-loved Italian chicory called
radicchio, now common in North America,
comes in many guises. The round-headed
radicchio di Chioggia is the most readily
available, but others, like the elongated Tre-
viso and the curly fingered Tardivo, are in-
creasingly popular. They wear various
shades of red, from burgundy to crimson to
oxblood.
The chicory family is a large one, though,
and other members come in other colors,
such as the fetchingly speckled yellow-cast
Castelfranco; pale green broad-leafed esca-
role; curly endive (blanched for salads); or
pointy Belgian endive, which can be ivory
or pink.
All chicories feature a pleasant, bitter-
sweet flavor, which requires a somewhat as-
sertive vinaigrette. A lemony, garlicky an-
chovy dressing is a delightful choice, one I
often employ with these vibrant leaves,
sometimes with a garnish of chopped egg.
Another classic option is a mustard vinai-
grette made with red wine vinegar and
crisp bacon lardons — like the traditional
French bistro curly endive salad — or a
zesty, peppery blue cheese dressing.
Chicory pairs handsomely with citrus
fruit: Use blood orange, grapefruit,
kumquat or tangerine, with a citrus dress-
ing. Or try a shallot and balsamic vinegar
COLORFUL CHICORY SALAD WITH
ANCHOVY DRESSING
TIME: 20 MINUTES
YIELD: 4 SERVINGS The vibrant leaves
  take well to a lemony
1 pound mixed chicory leaves, such as dressing thick with
radicchio, Castelfranco or Belgian anchovies.
endives, trimmed and washed
2 garlic cloves, grated
4 anchovy fillets, chopped
1 tablespoon Dijon mustard
1 tablespoon red wine vinegar
2 tablespoons lemon juice
Kosher salt and black pepper
4 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
Croutons, for garnish
Grated pecorino or Parmesan, for
garnish
1. Tear radicchio or Castelfranco leaves into
rough 2-inch pieces; slice any other chicories
into 2-inch-wide ribbons. Put the leaves in a
salad bowl.
2. Make the dressing: Combine the garlic,
anchovy, mustard, vinegar and lemon juice in a
small bowl. Add ½ teaspoon kosher salt and a
generous amount of pepper. Whisk in the olive
oil. Taste and adjust seasoning.
3. Make the salad: Sprinkle the chicory leaves
with a pinch of salt and add 3 tablespoons
dressing. Toss well, making sure all leaves are
coated lightly. Taste a leaf and add more
dressing as needed. Add croutons and grated
cheese before serving.
Note: For a cooked version of this salad, grill or
broil radicchio wedges and Belgian endives
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dressing with walnut oil and toasted wal- split lengthwise. Arrange on a plate and spoon
nuts.
dressing over them. Serve warm or at room
Another approach is to grill or broil. Split
temperature. The dressing can be made
the chicory lengthwise and cut the halves
several hours in advance and may be
into wedges before letting them char a bit.
Serve warm or at room temperature, refrigerated up to 2 days.
napped with vinaigrette.
Of course, you don’t want to drown these
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

brilliant leaves, even if they can take a bit

more dressing than tender lettuces. I find it
best to give them a sprinkle of salt and only
a few tablespoons of dressing, tossing to
coat every leaf. Let the salad sit for a few
minutes, and taste it before adding more.
You may use just one chicory if you wish
(say, all Belgian endive or radicchio), but a
crisp bowl filled with a multitude of varie-
ties is a gorgeous, mouthwatering sight to
behold.
AND TO DRINK . . .
PHOTOGRAPHS BY KARSTEN MORAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Salads are difficult to pair with rather than vinegar. But some wines will Provençal rosés, Château Ste.-Anne for one,
wine, primarily because of the work with a vinegar dressing, particularly have the structure to last for a few years.
vinegar so often used in dress- one like this with anchovy, garlic and mus- These rosés, or their equivalent, will be
ings. Vinegar and wine are like tard. These Mediterranean ingredients will delicious. If you don’t have one on hand, a
oil and water; they almost go well with a crisp rosé. If it’s any time but dry, lively white will do. Or you could try a
physically repel each other. It’s often easier summer, this may pose a problem because Manzanilla sherry.
on wine to use lemon juice in dressings many rosés have a short life span. But good ERIC ASIMOV
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N D3

Front Burner
FLO RE NCE FABRI CANT

TO SAVOR

In the Tel Aviv Style,

Falafel to Go
For the new streetside kiosk
attached to the 12 Chairs Cafe in
South Williamsburg, Brooklyn,
the chef, Shimon Maman, right,
and his partners looked to Tel
Aviv’s falafel stands. Pita bread
comes with traditional stuffings
like sabich (eggplant), kebabs,
shakshuka and falafel, the last
with fried potatoes in the sand-
wich. Mr. Maman said his fillings
had “more finesse” than is typical
in Israel. The stand is open from 9
a.m. to 4 p.m.; there is covered
seating as well as takeout: The TO CELEBRATE
Kiosk, 12 Chairs Cafe, 342 Wythe Starting
Avenue (South Second Street),
South Williamsburg, Brooklyn,
Out Sweet:
347-227-7077, 12chairscafe.com. New Year’s Chocolates
A wooden box stamped with a
good-luck seal, secured with a
ribbon and packed with Asian- the Carpet Shop,” below) are
flavored bonbons is a festive among the whimsical pieces from
TO SHARE TO MUNCH
token for the Lunar New Year “Sausage Series” (1979), by the
These Baguettes Not the Usual (Year of the Monkey) starting Swiss artists Peter Fischli and
Show Their Love Super Bowl Snack Monday. The chocolatier Michael David Weiss, which will be on
Klug uses ingredients like lem- display at the Guggenheim start-
There’s nothing subtle about Instead of the inevitable ongrass, mango, Lapsang sou- ing Friday. Alejandro Cortez, the
the heart-shaped baguettes that chicken wings, treat your Super chong tea, plum wine and five- chef at the Wright, the museum’s
Kamel Saci, the baker at Il Buco Bowl guests to crackling chicken spice: $24 to $75 through Feb. 18, restaurant, will add a sausage
Alimentari, will sell on Feb. 13 and skin snacks. Ken Oringer, a chef L.A. Burdick Handmade dish to the brunch menu starting
14. The choices are sprouted and owner of Toro on the edge of Chocolates, 5 East 20th Street and Friday and for lunch on Monday:
grain, savory Parmesan and an Chelsea, bakes the skin until crisp elsewhere, 800-229-2419, “Peter Fischli David Weiss: How
earthy double chocolate called and spreads it with Spanish pi- burdickchocolate.com. to Work Better,” Friday through
Mon Cheri that’s sweetly fruity mento cheese for little bocadillo
with amaretto-soaked cherries. sandwiches, right. To make them April 27, Guggenheim Museum,
TO VIEW 212-423-3500, guggenheim.org.
You can order them in advance: at home, place pieces of chicken
Heart-shaped baguettes, $5 each, skin seasoned with salt and pep- The Artistic Side
Il Buco Alimentari e Vineria, 53 per atop a layer of parchment on Of Sausage TONY CENICOLA/THE NEW YORK TIMES (HOT DOGS,
Great Jones Street (Bowery), a rimmed sheet pan, cover with CHOCOLATES); CAITLIN OCHS FOR THE NEW YORK

212-837-2622, ilbucovineria.com. Sausages depicted as fashion, TIMES (KIOSK, CHICKEN SNACKS); DAN NEVILLE/THE
more parchment and weigh down NEW YORK TIMES (BAGUETTES); PETER FISCHLI AND
modes of transport and rugs (“At DAVID WEISS (SAUSAGE ART)
with another pan. Bake for about
TO SERVE 50 minutes at 325 degrees until
Hot Dogs Go Bobbing golden brown. Drain on paper
In Jars of Brine towels and cut into two-inch
squares. I used the skin from
Pickled hot dogs are a new eight chicken thighs, which gave
specialty at Jake Dickson’s me 32 nicely uniform pieces of
butcher shop. Slice them in crisp skin, and froze the thighs for
chunks, skewer on toothpicks future use. I set up two pans on
and serve with mustard for two oven racks, reversing them
something that flirts with halfway through the baking. The
sharpness alongside beer: skin shrinks during the baking. I
Pickled Dogs, $18 for a quart, left my sandwiches open-faced,
$30 for a half-gallon, Dickson’s which Mr. Oringer endorsed,
Farmstand Meats, Chelsea topped them some with blue
Market, 75 Ninth Avenue (West cheese softened with mayonnaise
15th Street), 212-242-2630, and garnished with a morsel of
dicksonsfarmstand.com. celery as a nod to those wings.

Their Stars and Their Selves

The apparent suicide of a star
Swiss chef underscores the
stress of the profession.
By KIM SEVERSON
The story is starting to sound familiar. A
chef at the pinnacle of the culinary world
commits suicide.
This week, it was Benoît Violier, a 44-
year-old Swiss chef who reportedly used a
hunting rifle to take his life. His jewel box
Restaurant de l’Hôtel de Ville in a suburb of
Lausanne had a top rating in the Michelin
guide. In December, it was named the finest
restaurant in the world by La Liste, a new
ranking guide developed by the French gov-
ernment.
The reasons someone chooses suicide are
complex and deeply rooted. Swiss police are
still investigating Mr. Violier’s death, and
officials there said his family had requested
privacy “so that they can grieve in peace
and calm.”
Still, his death echoes those of the Chi-
cago chef Homaro Cantu, 38, who hanged
himself in April, and the French chef
Bernard Loiseau, 52, who used a gun to kill
himself in 2003. In both cases, people close
to the chefs said they were feeling tremen-
dous job pressure.
Mr. Violier’s death has underscored a
growing concern among some in the restau-
rant industry that not enough is being done
to address mental health issues. Those is-
sues are exacerbated by the seemingly end-
less pressure to deliver perfection in a phys-
ically and creatively demanding profession,
one dominated by lightning-fast criticism
and often unrealistic expectations of suc-
cess.
“We are living in a time and a place where
we should be way more culturally aware of
the flip side of the culinary success stories
even at the best restaurants. With public
opinion and professional criticism coming
at chefs with lightning speed in the digital
age, restaurants and reputations can fall
seemingly overnight.
“That’s the stuff that really wears on you
because you are responsible for other peo-
ple’s livelihoods,” said Michael Mina, a Cali-
fornia chef who employs about 1,700 people
at restaurants across the United States. “If
you don’t get a good review, it hurts
personally. But it hurts the employees be-
cause losing business means losing jobs.
It’s so competitive in cities like San Fran-
cisco that just to stay in business you have
to be at the top.”
Mr. Mina likened being a chef to the life of
an elite athlete or an actor, although one
who has to perform every night. And unlike
a tennis star or a singer, he added, a star
chef has to be a business executive, a leader,
an artist and sometimes a plumber — often
all on the same day.
Whether attention to mental health is-
sues will become part of restaurant culture
is still unclear. Those pushing for it point to
the attention paid to recovery from drug
and alcohol abuse, which has become more
accepted in professional kitchens in the
past decade.
A restaurant job, particularly in an ambi-
tious kitchen, can be all-consuming. The
ABOVE, MARCEL GILLIERON/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES; BELOW, CYRIL ZINGARO/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY work starts in the morning and can stretch
past midnight. Working weekends and holi-
Above, the Swiss chef Benoît Violier, who was days is often a given. The average hourly
found dead in his home Sunday at age 44, pay for a line cook is $11.40, according to the
apparently a suicide victim. At right, mourners Bureau of Labor Statistics. But low pay and
leave tributes outside his restaurant in a long hours are, for some, a badge of honor.
suburb of Lausanne. Some chefs are working hard to make
shorter hours and more balance between
there is no way you can leave that at what- work and life outside the restaurant part of
ever hour you get off work and just be a nor- the culture. It prevents burnout, they say,
mal person,” she said. “Pressure builds up, improves the food and keeps turnover
and it has to go somewhere.” lower.
“We don’t want managers who get re-
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chef, writer and television personality who
fought drug and alcohol addiction before be-
coming an advocate for removing the
stigma that surrounds mental illness.
“Sadly, it takes situations like this for peo-
ple to start talking about the issues,” he
said.
ducted an informal survey on her website warded for working the guys 60 or 70 hours
that asked food professionals to report a week,” said Ashley Christensen, who em-
stress, mental illness and addiction related ploys 270 people in her seven restaurants in
to their jobs. More than 600 people re- Raleigh, N.C.
sponded, a number she said was vastly Still, the industry is filled with people who
higher than she had expected. feel guilty or worry for their jobs if they
Many of the people who responded said work what most people would consider a
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

In January, Kat Kinsman, a food writer
and editor at large of Tasting Table, began a
project called Chefs with Issues to address
what she says is a deep, unspoken current
of mental health challenges running
through professional kitchens.
Although mental illness cuts across ev-
ery profession, restaurants have unique
pressures and lifestyle patterns that can
contribute to suicide or other destructive
behavior, she and others in the field said.
“It’s hot and reactive and intense, and
they avoided seeking help because they did-
n’t want to be thought of as crazy or weak,
Ms. Kinsman said. The work often attracts a
certain kind of nonconforming personality
that enjoys competition and embraces both
long, hard shifts and an excess of food, drink
and drugs — all of which can exacerbate
mental issues like depression.
“The tragedy is that this is food, which on
the outside should be a nurturing thing and
a source of pleasure,” she said. “It breaks
my heart that people providing this funda-
normal schedule, she said.
And even if restaurant workers do want
to seek help for mental issues, there are few
mental and generous thing would be in such resources designed especially for people in
pain themselves.” the field. Restaurants are struggling to offer
For chefs who also own restaurants and health care benefits, and the median pay for
have elevated public profiles, the layers of food servers, beverage servers and related
pressure go beyond the urgency to deliver employees is about $8.72 an hour, according
perfection on a plate under the excruciating to the National Restaurant Association.
deadline of dinner service. “This is not a profession that affords you
Financial stakes are high and the mar- the money to be able to go and seek out
gins of profit are often surprisingly slim, help,” Ms. Kinsman said.
D4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
A Bistro That Will Take You to Paris
At Benoit, dishes outside the
bistro canon are made almost
as well as those inside it.
LIKE MANY NEW YORKERS, I have convinced
myself that a rickety fire escape platform is
a terrace and that a segment of the Empire
State Building’s antenna seen through a
sliver of window constitutes a panoramic
skyline view. The same capacity for wishful
self-delusion must be what keeps us going
to bistros that are nothing like anything in
France.
The chalkboards in painstaking cursive
that misspell half the menu; the sad frites
and scrawny mussels and refrigerated
cheeses served in compliance with a non-
Gallic health department; the old-guard
dishes put through modern contortions un-
til they end up looking like Gérard Depar-
dieu wearing Jeggings — we put up with
these signs of forgery because we want the
real thing so badly.
To get it, we need to go to France. But
right now, the most perfect substitute bistro
in New York is Benoit.
It took Alain Ducasse, who owns the cen-
tury-old original in Paris, a few years to get
its Midtown incarnation right. “It’s odd the
way Benoit does some dishes so well but
misses the bull’s-eye with mainstays that
should get the most finicky attention,”
Frank Bruni wrote shortly after it opened in
2008, pinning one star on his review in The
Times. A year later, in an unstarred update,
Julia Moskin found a menu that was coming
into focus but still carried an occasional
“hint of airline food.” She also wrote that the
servers “seem to hope that dinner
customers will leave early and stay away
forever.”
Philippe Bertineau isn’t cooking airline
food. He is the restaurant’s third chef. With
any luck, Mr. Ducasse won’t need a fourth
for a long time.
The menu works like a season at the Met-
ropolitan Opera. A core of preposterously
old-fashioned classics is rounded out with a
few modern compositions to keep every-
body on their toes.
To understand the point of keeping rafter-
rattling war horses in the repertoire, all I
had to do was eat Benoit’s quenelles de bro-
chet. These two little footballs of happiness
are improbably smooth, almost but not
quite fluffy, filled with the freshwater rich-
ness of pike. Each one is enveloped in a
thick brown gravy of Nantua sauce that is 10
times richer, made from crayfish and lob-
ster. I tasted it, and the whole chorus
marched out on the stage at once, the or-
chestra pounding and the fat lady throwing
her head back and letting it rip. A standing
ovation would have followed if Benoit’s
quenelles hadn’t made me feel a bit like the
fat lady myself.
Even more inimical to hopes of mobility
was Mr. Bertineau’s cassoulet. A gleefully
debilitating arsenal of duck confit, duck
sausage and cured pork, it is also a magnifi-
cent pot of tender baked beans soaked in
garlic and fat. Either the meat or the beans
could slow your speed. Together they act
like an anchor.
The calf’s liver, an oblong lobe shaped like
EMAIL: petewells@nytimes.com. And follow
Pete Wells on Twitter: @pete_wells.
Senegalese Food Worth Following
Africa Kine in Harlem settles
into its new, snug home.
THE RESTAURANT WAS once named Africa,
as if embracing an entire continent, when in
fact the focus was on the cooking of the
western coast, mainly Senegal.
Samba Niang and Kine Mar, natives of
Dakar, opened its doors two decades ago on
the northern side of West 116th Street in
Harlem — a strip that soon after became
known as Le Petit Sénégal, in honor of the
immigrants who brought French and bil-
lowing boubous (ankle-length tunic-gowns)
to the neighborhood.
Eventually the restaurant acquired the
suffix Kine (pronounced kee-nay), after Ms.
Mar, the chef. The space it occupied was
small and humble, but in 2005 it turned
grand, moving across the street and sprawl-
ing over two stories. Takeout was offered
below, through a plexiglass shield that grew
amber with the years. A stairway wound
past carvings in illuminated niches to a din-
ing room with faux-marble tabletops,
booths and drapes swept back from yawn-
ing windows.
In the kitchen, women cooked crowded,
fragrant stews by day and men roasted
monuments of meat by night.
Then, in 2014, Africa Kine closed. The rent
was too high; there were rumors of a 7-Elev-
en moving in. It took Mr. Niang and Ms. Mar
almost a year to reopen, last September, 17
blocks uptown.
The new space, a former hair salon, is
again small and humble. A spartan foyer
leads to a takeout window straight ahead
and the dining room to the right, with a
“Please seat yourself” sign draped in unlit
twinkle lights. The booths are one-sided
now, the tables more intimate, under a ceil-
405 East 52nd St. (212) 755-6244
Come celebrate at Le Perigord.
Room Forbes
Private HHH
leperigord.com
RESTAURANTS
Argentina, was seared to a dark gold in the
copper sauté pan that escorted it to the ta-
ble. A step beyond the medium-rare the
server had suggested, it was still very good.
It had no overcooked livery flavor, just the
ripe tang of organ meat that dissolved into
very soft Lyonnaise potatoes and onions.
To begin, there is darkly concentrated on-
ion soup, choked with melted Gruyère that
seems never to run out. Snails in the divots
of a heavy glazed dish have a wafer of pars-
ley crust on top that’s almost as fun to eat as
a rag of bread dunked in their garlic butter.
Obviously, like so much of Benoit’s menu,
these appetizers predate the electrocardio-
gram. It is possible to start with something
lighter. Regulars often tick off choices on the
hors d’oeuvres list, a separate sheet of pa-
per that comes with a golf pencil: a poached
and oil-marinated sardine; crisp sticks of
celery root in rémoulade that may need
more mustard; ham with flageolets and a
handful of other dried beans, each cooked
until just tender; the egg mayo, on the menu
since opening day. Five of these little dishes
served together make an excellent $19
lunch, a kind of Lyonnaise bento box.
The greatest bistros in France are mag-
netic because they are invariable; you
know the classics will be made the same
way they were 15 or 45 years ago. Benoit is
not always this kind of bistro, though this
may be a symptom of its distance from
Lyon. The pâté en croûte, from an 1892 reci-
pe, can be dry and underseasoned. The filet
mignon au poivre can be dullish, although
the pepper-cream sauce puts up a strong
HUNGRY CITY
PHOTOGRAPHS BY KARSTEN MORAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
ing punctuated by glowing squares of
green, yellow and red.
The division of labor in the kitchen per-
sists, with women on the lunch shift, under
Ms. Mar, and men clocking in for dinner, un-
der her son, Mbodj Niang. The roster of
dishes rotates, so not all are available every
day.
Come early for chicken yassa, the meat
exuding lemon under onions grown slack
and sweating sugar, and lamb mafe, a stew
creamy with peanut butter, elsewhere in
town often too beholden to peanuts but here
leavened by streaks of sweet and sour.
Suppa kandja, a rubble of okra asea in
PETE WELLS
Clockwise from top left: Benoit
is a Midtown incarnation of the
century-old Paris original; the
main dining room bustles with
diners and servers; the chef
Philippe Bertineau; foie de
veau; escargots; and
mille-feuille.
LIGAYA MISHAN
Africa Kine spent two
decades on West 116th Street
in Harlem, before it closed in
2014. It reopened last
September, 17 blocks
uptown. Clockwise from top
left: The restaurant’s new
space is a former hair salon;
Kine Mar, an owner and
chef; a takeout window; and
whole fish served with sweet
fried plantains.
fight.
In compensation, though, Mr. Bertineau
cooks almost as well outside the bistro
canon as inside it. He shows this with
seafood especially.
One night, my guests, elbow deep in a
wild boar stew, threw me looks of pity: poor
guy, stuck with king salmon, butternut
squash and black-trumpet mushrooms. I
didn’t let on, but I was perfectly content.
The fish, roasted gently, was crazily tender
and the white-wine sauce so appealing that
I spooned way more than I needed from the
sauceboat left on the table. (The right
French sauce can be a dish in itself.)
The baba is not as spectacular at it was at
Alain Ducasse New York before that restau-
rant closed. The cake’s halves can be too so-
ber, depending on whether the server ap-
plies the Armagnac as if he’s putting out a
house fire or baptizing a baby. But other vin-
tage desserts can restore the faith of any
New Yorker who’s been brought down by
bland mille-feuilles or watery crème
caramels or confused tarte Tatins.
The servers on my recent visits showed
no impatience with lingerers; they simply
shining palm oil, stays true to okra’s natural
texture, which in Western cultures is often
obliterated; what others may call sliminess
here lends a kind of buoyancy.
Some lunchtime dishes are made in such
quantities that they last through dinner. No
such luck with thiebou djeun, or thieb for
short, which is traditionally eaten at noon,
with the recommendation of a nap after-
ward.
The plate can barely contain it: red snap-
per, stuffed with a paste of garlic, onions,
peppers and parsley, on a broad stage of rice
ruddy from tomato paste and primed with
guedj, fermented dried fish, and yete, fer-
mented dried sea snail, funky missives from
the sea.
If you’re lucky, there will be a touch of
crispy, nearly burnt grains scraped from the
bottom of the pot, called khogn in Wolof and
akin to Persian tahdig, Korean nurungji and
Spanish socarrat.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY EVAN SUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
BENOIT ★★
60 WEST 55TH STREET (SIXTH AVENUE), MIDTOWN;
646-943-7373; BENOITNY.COM.
.......................................................................................
Atmosphere The bar is dreary, but the dining
room is cheerfully and traditionally Gallic, with
yolk-colored walls, a blue sky on the ceiling and
antique enameled vignettes between the mir-
rors.
Service Are those accents for real? Apparently
they are, and so is the proper, professional
attention.
Sound level Moderate.
Recommended Hors d’oeuvres; tarte flambée;
foie gras terrine; onion soup; escargots;
quenelles de brochet; cassoulet; foie de veau;
chocolate soufflé; vanilla mille-feuille; tarte Tatin
for two.
Drinks and wine The wine list is mostly French,
but prices are all over the map. Cocktails are
simple and done right.
Prices Appetizers, $14 to $29; main courses,
$27 to $46.
Open Daily for lunch or brunch and dinner.
Reservations Accepted.
Wheelchair access The dining room and acces-
sible restrooms are on the sidewalk level.
What the stars mean Ratings range from zero to four
stars and reflect the reviewer’s reaction primarily to
food, with ambience, service and price taken into
consideration.
went about their business with that
straight-spined, matter-of-fact French-
waiter style. This is sometimes mistaken
for rudeness but is closer to pride and a con-
fidence that everybody, including the
customers, knows how to act.
It’s strange that it took Mr. Ducasse to
give New York its most convincing version
of this very un-cheflike style of cooking.
That a highly traditional bistro survived
while the other, more inventive restaurants
with which he hoped to conquer Manhattan
did not is peculiar, too — a missed opportu-
nity for the chef and New Yorkers, who love
French food even when it doesn’t love them
back.
AFRICA KINE
2267 SEVENTH AVENUE (133RD STREET ), HARLEM;
212-666-9400, 212-666-9500; AFRICAKINE.COM
.......................................................................................
Recommended Nem; fataya; petit pois; thiebou
guinaar; lamb mafe; mechoui; grilled fish with
aloko; thiakry.
Drinks and wine No liquor license.
Prices $5 to $16.
Open Daily for lunch and dinner.
Reservations Accepted.
Wheelchair access The entrance is level with
the sidewalk. A restroom has a handrail.
Dinner is a languorous procession of
heavy plates, perhaps laden with a whole ti-
lapia, deeply slashed and crackling,
mobbed on one side by sweet fried plan-
tains, or mechoui, Moroccan-style leg of
lamb, whose dark gilding swiftly strips
away, the flesh beneath ready to capitulate.
Petit pois, fresh green peas, arrive whole
and still taste miraculously bright, despite
an eternity of stewing. On a recent evening,
they were presented with lamb, but my ta-
ble barely noticed, doting on the peas and
their companion potatoes, which had hit the
precise mark between sturdy and tender.
A meal may begin with nem, deep-fried
but still delicate rice-paper rolls, a recipe
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CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
handed down by the Vietnamese wives of
Senegalese soldiers who fought for the
French colonial army in Indochina. And
then end with thiakry, millet couscous
swollen with sugared milk and sour cream
and given a judicious larding of pineapple.
This comes in two versions, with white
grains or black, the first straightforwardly
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
sweet, the second nuttier, mustier and more
interesting.
Drinks are sweet, too: bissap (hibiscus),
tilting toward cough syrup; ginger, with a
late ambush of heat; and bouye (baobab
fruit), whose taste I may never know.
“It is coming,” the waiter said, more than
once, but it never did. In the end, he ac-
knowledged that, for now, the kitchen can’t
make it. But he had wanted to keep my
hopes alive.
 K THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016
From left: Jonathan Wu, the chef of Fung Tu who spent years working at Per Se; the inside of Fung Tu; its peanut butter-chocolate sesame balls; and its vegetarian curry pot pie.
In Ancient Footsteps, Forging New Cuisine
CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
around with pork belly and pomelo,
steamed eggs and sawtooth herb.
In addition to exploring a vast pantry of
new ingredients (osmanthus, pandan, cel-
tuce and wood ginger), they are facing a
daunting new arsenal of Chinese cooking
techniques, entirely different from the skills
they’ve been schooled in.
“It’s not just recipes that are different,”
Mr. Chen said. “It’s basics like how to hold a
knife, how to trim an onion, how to boil
vegetables.”
The phenomenon is certainly not con-
fined to New York City, although several of
its exemplary restaurants are clustered in
Lower Manhattan: Mr. Wu’s Fung Tu, Mr.
Chen’s Tuome, and Yunnan BBQ from
Doron Wong, 39, and Erika Chou, 31.
It is also not new. Pioneers like Susanna
Foo and Ming Tsai long ago opened ambi-
tious, creative Chinese restaurants that
paved the way. More recently, Anita Lo, of
Annisa in the West Village, has been the
spirit guide for many young chefs; her stub-
born conviction that Chinese food can flow
seamlessly into Western fine dining
smoothed the path for this next generation.
They include Justin Yu and Karen Man at
Oxheart in Houston; Shirley Chung at
Twenty Eight in Irvine, Calif.; Brandon Jew
of the eagerly awaited Mister Jiu’s in San
Francisco, and Sheridan Su of Fat Choy in
Las Vegas. In New York, Mission Chinese
Food and RedFarm both have a similar spir-
it and exciting food.
There is also a junior class of specialists,
like Hannah and Marian Cheng of Mimi
Cheng’s Dumplings in the East Village,
where the dumplings are made from sus-
tainable meat and served with farm-to-ta-
ble vegetable sides from their Taiwanese
mother’s recipes; the Boba Guys in New
York and San Francisco, who use organic
Most have no Chinese
culinary training, so
they learn as they go.
milk and house-made syrup in their bubble
tea; and Debbie Mullin of Wei Kitchen in Se-
attle, who makes small-batch shallot and
chile oils.
Mr. Su is a refugee from fine-dining
kitchens on the Las Vegas Strip who started
a solo career making bao in a corner of a
strip-mall hair salon. His newest venture,
Flock & Fowl, is devoted to the classic
southern Chinese dish called Hainanese
chicken rice, but with upgraded ingredients
and innovations like congee topped with
fried (free-range) chicken, a poached (or-
ganic) egg and (house-made) pickles.
Most of these chefs have never been to
China and have no Chinese culinary train-
ing, so they are learning as they go, synthe-
sizing the values of the kitchens they know
(organic, seasonal, soignée) with Chinese
elements they do not.
“No one would give me even the lowest
kitchen job in Beijing,” said Cara Stadler, 28,
who grew up in Massachusetts and moved
to China with substantial experience in the
kitchens of the chefs Guy Savoy and Gordon
Ramsay. Instead, she started the city’s first
underground supper club. “Going to the
markets every day forced me to really learn
about Chinese produce,” she said.
Ms. Stadler is now the chef and owner of
Tao Yuan in Brunswick, Me., where the
shellfish are plentiful and exquisite. Next
week, for the Lunar New Year, she will be
making plump scallop won tons — and then
drying the bivalves’ side muscles to simmer
into a homemade XO sauce, a fiery, funky,
hugely popular condiment from Hong
Kong.
Chinese ingredients by themselves are a
vast field of study — dried mushrooms,
cured meats, salted fish and bean pastes are
only the beginning. Most of these chefs
grew up without them.
Instead, they ate a combination of Ameri-
can snacks, global fast food and the kind of
meals a Chinese mother living in Dayton,
Ohio, or Avon, Conn., might produce on a
Tuesday night in the 1980s: beef stir-fried
with romaine lettuce (in the absence of gai
lan or bok choy) or fried rice studded with
pepperoni instead of sweet lap cheong.
“Every Chinese family I knew had Dinty
Moore beef stew in the pantry,” said Mr.
Tang, 37, whose family owned real estate
and Chinese bakeries in New York City, in-
cluding the Nom Wah Tea Parlor, which he
now runs. “You throw that in the wok with
some soy sauce and chile bean paste, fresh
rice from the rice cooker, it’s not bad.”
That kind of crude fusion doesn’t satisfy
them anymore. From cookbooks and child-
hood memories, and through trial and error,
they are feeling their way into one of the
world’s most complex, ancient and demand-
ing culinary traditions. So they are making
their own five-spice powder, hand-cutting
noodles and home-brewing basics like pick-
led mustard greens, chile bean paste and
fermented black beans.
And they hope to find “essentiality” — the
important modern idea of making fine,
fresh ingredients taste like themselves.
“Honestly, I thought that was a Japanese
thing,” said Mr. Wu, of Fung Tu, who spent
years working in the kitchen at Per Se. “I
didn’t realize that Chinese food had that,
only because I’d never had that kind of Chi-
nese food.”
Mr. Wong, the chef at Yunnan BBQ, who
grew up near Boston and trained in Hong
Kong, where his family emigrated from,
said: “Most Americans, including me at
some point, have just never had Chinese
food. When I went there and saw things like
cornmeal wrapped in a banana leaf, or
wood-roasted chicken wings, I thought, ‘Am
I really that ignorant about my own food?’”
The answer was probably yes. Chinese-
American food (mostly Cantonese banquet
dishes adjusted for long-outgrown Ameri-
can tastes) is so ingrained here that even
Chinese-Americans believe it is closely re-
lated to “real” Chinese food, when in truth it
is a very, very distant cousin.
But that is starting to change as different
cuisines and cooks arrive here from China,
as more Americans travel to China and as
haute cuisine there bounces back from a
long dormancy. Traditional (and modern)
Chinese restaurants are thriving as the
growing middle class and the new availabil-
ity of ingredients from around the world
have generated new demand.
Kian Lam Kho, 62, a software engineer
turned chef who grew up in Singapore and
lives in Harlem, is one of the few people
equally at home in the American and Chi-
nese culinary worlds. He returns to Asia fre-
quently, snapping up old and new Chinese-
language culinary textbooks as they come
back into print. (Restaurants, culinary
schools and cookbooks have been part of
Chinese culture since the Song dynasty,
about A.D. 1000.)
He used these texts to research his mag-
isterial new book, “Phoenix Claws and Jade
Trees,” which details not only the recipes
and regions but also the underlying con-
cepts that have been the building blocks of
Chinese cooking — and of much East Asian
cooking — for thousands of years.
He said the book was partly designed to
teach English-speaking people of Chinese
From top: the restaurant and
bar area of Yunnan BBQ; Doron
Wong, the chef of Yunnan BBQ,
and Yunnan’s curry brisket;
Thomas Chen, chef of Tuome,
and Tuome’s dining area; and
Tuome’s Pig Out, pork belly
with salad, sauces and bowls of
spicy-peanut noodles.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY FRANCESCO SAPIENZA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
heritage like these chefs, who may have lost
the language of China but not their loyalty
to its food.
“Unless they understand the original
dishes, what they cook will never have a
real relationship with Chinese food,” he
said. When they braise the classic red-
cooked pork in the oven instead of in a wok,
he said, or if they sear the meat first, the
way they are taught in Western cooking
schools, it changes the flavor, the mouthfeel
and how everything works together.
Using clam chowder as a reference point,
he said, “Anyone can take clams, potatoes,
salt pork and milk, and make some kind of
dish.” But if the pork fat is not rendered, if
the potatoes are left whole, if the cooking is
too fast, it will not be chowder.
This new effort to synthesize Chinese and
American cuisines takes more study and
skill than squirting a few drizzles of soy and
hoisin onto Western dishes like grilled steak
or mashed potatoes. Those thoughtless
mash-ups are why these Chinese-American
chefs now shudder at the term “Asian fu-
N D5
.......................................................................................
SPICY CHINESE MUSTARD CHICKEN WINGS
ADAPTED FROM JONATHAN WU, FUNG TU, NEW YORK
TIME: 1 HOUR, PLUS 8 TO 24 HOURS' BRINING
YIELD: 4 TO 6 SERVINGS
For the wings:
4 pounds wings, separated into wingettes
and drumettes (see note)
¼ cup kosher salt
2 tablespoons sugar
1 ½-inch piece fresh ginger, thinly sliced
but not peeled
4 scallions, white and light green parts
2 cloves garlic
Potato starch or all-purpose flour, for
frying
Peanut, canola or another neutral oil,
for frying
For the sauce:
2 tablespoons canola oil
1 tablespoon minced ginger
1 garlic clove, minced
1 tablespoon minced scallions
1 cup yellow Dijon mustard (not whole
grain)
½ cup lager beer
½ cup brown sugar, more to taste
⅓ cup ketchup
¼ cup sherry vinegar
1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce
1 teaspoon dry mustard, more to taste
1 teaspoon cayenne, more to taste
2 teaspoons black pepper
1. Up to 1 day before cooking, bring about 1½
quarts water to a boil in a saucepan. Add salt,
sugar, ginger, scallions and garlic. Stir to
dissolve salt and sugar and set aside to cool to
room temperature. Place wings in a container
or a thick, sealable plastic bag. Add brine, seal
and refrigerate for at least 8 hours or up to 24.
2. Make the sauce: In a saucepan, heat oil over
medium heat. When it ripples, add ginger,
garlic and scallions and cook until soft but not
brown, 1 to 2 minutes. 
3. Add remaining sauce ingredients and
simmer about 30 minutes, until thick but still a
bit runny. Turn off heat and let cool slightly.
Taste and adjust seasonings, adding more
mustard powder, brown sugar and cayenne. Set
aside or refrigerate for up to 3 days.
4. Pour off brine, rinse chicken in cold water
and drain well on paper towels. Spread a cup or
so of starch in a shallow bowl. Heat the oven to
250 degrees and place a sheet pan inside. 
5. In a heavy, deep pot or wok, heat 3 to 4
inches oil to 350 degrees. Warm the sauce and
transfer half to a large metal bowl.
6. Working in batches to avoid crowding the
pan, dredge wings in starch and shake off any
excess. Gently drop into hot oil and fry until
golden, crispy and floating in the oil, turning
occasionally, about 10 minutes. The skin will
blister and crisp but will not get very brown.
7. When done, lift out wings with a slotted
spoon, shaking to remove excess oil, and drop
into sauce. Toss and shake until wings are well
coated. Lift out and transfer to sheet pan in
oven to keep warm. Repeat with remaining
wings and sauce, adding more starch to the
bowl as needed. Serve immediately.
Note: You should be able to purchase wings
separated, but if not, take a whole wing and
use your fingers to feel for the joint between
the two sections, then use kitchen shears to
cut through it. Use your fingers to feel for
where the tip meets the flat of each wing, then
cut off the tip. Discard tips or save for stock.
sion” and go to great lengths to define what
they are doing differently. (They are defi-
nitely not tinkering with sushi or dabbling
in pad Thai.)
The term “Chinese-American food” has
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even worse connotations: heavy, sticky,
deep-fried.
“We definitely need to figure out what to
call it,” said Mr. Tang, who is a partner in
Fung Tu.
Modern American-Chinese? Chef-driven
Chinese-American? “Elevated or upscale
sounds too snooty, especially when we’re
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
basically serving ribs and noodles and
chicken wings,” he said.
Another challenge, Mr. Tang said, is to de-
cide whether the cooks supporting them in
the kitchen should be graduates of restau-
rants like Hakkasan, who would have the
Chinese skills, or like Gramercy Tavern,
who have the fine-dining finesse.
“What we need is ABCs” — American-
born Chinese — “who speak Chinese but
also speak farm-to-table,” he said. “ And so
far, there aren’t too many of us.”
D6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

WINE SCHOOL ERIC ASIMOV YOUR NEXT LESSON: ETNA ROSSO

The Little Red That Could

ILLUSTRATIONS BY SERGE BLOCH
FROM THE ancient vineyards of Burgundy, we travel to the newly
emerging region of Etna in Sicily.
Well, it’s not exactly new. As long as humans have lived and farmed
in proximity to Mount Etna, they’ve grown grapes in the foothills and
slopes of this still-active volcano. But as a region making fine, distinc-
tive wines coveted by the rest of the world, Etna is most definitely new.
We’ll be drinking Etna Rosso, red wines made largely from the
nerello mascalese grape, often abetted by a second grape, nerello
cappuccio. Nerello mascalese has had its own recent emergence. In her
book “Vines, Grapes & Wines,” published in 1986, Jancis Robinson
referred less than reverently to one of the two grapes: “The nerello
mascalese, which can add alcohol and color to overproduced table wine
blends, and the distinctly superior nerello cappuccio.”
By 2012, things had changed entirely. In the encyclopedic “Wine
Grapes,” written with Julia Harding and José Vouillamoz, Ms. Robinson
calls nerello mascalese an “important, noble Sicilian of particular sig-
nificance around Etna,” while nerello cappuccio is now “the lesser,
softer of Sicily’s nerellos.”

Modesty Will Get You Places

Marsannay is a good value
for a Burgundy wine.
OF THE MANY beautiful things about good
red Burgundy, the most striking is the way
the wine keeps changing before you. From
the moment you open a bottle and pour the
first glass, a cascade of elusive aromas and
flavors captures your attention.
They begin gently and delicately, perhaps
reminding you of enticing flowers and red
fruits. With a little time, they may toughen,
with suggestions of rocks and metals, even
animals, before sweetening again. They
reel you in, toss you back, and just when you
believe the wine has reached equilibrium, it
changes again. The mind reels. The spirit
soars.
Forgive me if I sound hyperbolic. That’s
how I feel about Burgundy. It’s not magic,
but it is mystery, and no wine more than
Burgundy conveys the inscrutability at the
core of all great wines.
Forget that rising demand for Burgundy
in the last 20 years has sealed its status as a
luxury commodity, sending prices soaring.
Its enigmatic beauty is what enchants true
Burgundy lovers.
Here at Wine School, we don’t try to “de-
mystify” wines like Burgundy. We embrace
what’s wondrous about them as part of their
allure. But we do try to understand the dif-
ferent stories that wines have to tell, and we
try to be open to hearing them.
For the last month, we’ve been drinking,
and listening to, Burgundy. More
specifically, we’ve been drinking Marsan-
nay; that is, wines from pinot noir grown in
the commune of Marsannay, the northern-
most village of the Côte d’Or, the heart of
Burgundy.
Given the ever-evolving aromas and fla-
vors, Burgundy’s story may appear to be in-
consistent. But while some may suggest
that Burgundy is moody and fickle, I would
argue instead that its underlying nature is
fidelity to its terroir.
As usual in Wine School, I recommended
three bottles and asked readers to drink
them and post their thoughts at ny-
times.com/food. All three were Marsan-
nays from the 2013 vintage: Domaine
Trapet Père et Fils; Domaine Bart Les
Echezots; and Domaine Sylvain Pataille
Clos du Roy.
I chose Marsannay because in the con-
text of the Côte d’Or, it’s a modest wine. As is
true throughout the Côte d’Or, the vine-
yards are organized hierarchically.
At the bottom are the regional wines,
made from grapes that come from any-
where within the borders of Burgundy,
known as Bourgogne Rouge.
EMAIL : asimov@nytimes.com. And follow Eric
Asimov on Twitter: @EricAsimov.
At the next level in quality are wines that
may be labeled Côtes de Nuits-Villages,
from the northern half of the Côte d’Or, or
Côtes de Beaune-Villages, from the south-
ern half.
The next step, wines from vineyards
deemed good enough to bear the name of a
particular village, like these three Marsan-
nays, represents a big leap in quality. Some
of these village vineyards may even bear a
particular name often referred to as a lieu
dit, like Les Echezots and Clos du Roy.
Next up are the premier cru vineyards,
which are thought to have special charac-
teristics, and at the apex are the grands
crus, vineyards considered to have such
distinctive potential that they transcend the
character of any village.
The reason Marsannay is thought to be
modest is that not only are no grand cru
vineyards within the village limits, there
are no premier cru vineyards either. The
vineyards of Marsannay achieved village
status only in 1987. Before that, the grapes
were used for regional wines or to make a
pretty good rosé.
This sense of modesty helps keep prices
down in relation to other village Bur-
gundies. Still, at $30 to $50 a bottle, these
wines are not cheap, and many readers
chose to skip this month’s discussion. I
would never dictate to anybody how to
spend a wine budget. But I would say that
red Burgundy is a fundamental wine. Sim-
ply to know it can be endlessly rewarding.
The best thing about Marsannay, espe-
cially in the hands of good producers like
these three, is that the quality far surpasses
modest expectations, which makes these
wines good values and excellent introduc-
tions to the possibilities of Burgundy.
Those who were able to find any of these
wines or Marsannays from other good
producers seemed to agree.
Martin Schappeit of Amherst, Va., tried
the Pataille with an herb-stuffed chicken.
“It made me feel euphoric and energized,”
he said. “I was completely taken by sur-
prise.”
In 1986, who beyond Sicily knew?
Now the world understands that Etna can produce fresh, energetic
reds that are pure, elegant, subtle and vivacious. Here are the three
bottles I recommend seeking out:
Others echoed his reaction. “Drinking
this made me feel cosseted and lucky and
perhaps privileged,” Ferguson wrote, while
John Fraser of Toronto said drinking the
Marsannay made him feel “warm, cheery.”
More so than most other wines, good Bur-
gundies stimulate the emotions. Often, in an
effort to master a wine, we focus instead on
rational responses and analyses: Does it re-
flect the vintage? How does it compare with
other pinot noir wines? Is it tannic? Bal-
anced? What methods were used in the win-
ery? How was it farmed? All worthy ques-
tions, and helpful for understanding a wine.
But it’s crucial to pay attention to emo-
tions, too. This is the joy of wine, and espe-
cially of Burgundy. The further you explore,
the more you get to know its complexities,
the deeper and more profound the emo-
tional response.
The emotions are predicated on years of
intellectual study, beginning centuries ago
with Cistercian monks, who found a calling
in parsing the varying characteristics of the
vineyards. When you can smell, taste and —
for those who’ve visited Burgundy — even
see the land and its people in a bottle of
wine, it’s stirring.
Sadly, who nowadays can afford the
grand crus, which can cost many hundreds,
even thousands of dollars? The better pre-
mier crus, too, can run in the hundreds.
Thankfully, we still have the pleasures of
wines like these Marsannays, which can
give some idea of Burgundian notions of ter-
roir. For the record, I loved them all, though TONY CENICOLA/THE NEW YORK TIMES
each differently. The Bart, for me, was per-
haps the simplest and most direct, a riot of
Benanti Etna Rosso Biondi Etna Rosso Tenuta Delle Terre
fresh, almost brilliant red fruit with an un-
Rossodiverzella 2013 Outis 2013 (Selected Nere Etna Rosso 2014
(Tradizione Imports, Estates of Europe, (deGrazia Imports,
derlying earthy minerality. Of all the wines,
New York) $20 Mamaroneck, N.Y.) $33 Evanston, Ill.) $18
I thought it changed the least in the glass.
The Trapet, by contrast, seemed ever-
These are the entry-level wines for each producer. If you don’t see
changing. Straight from the bottle it was
these wines, you could also try their other cuvées, which will be more
earthier and more tannic than the Bart,
with darker, spicier flavors. With time, and expensive, or look for these producers: Calabretta, Graci, Passopis-
especially with food, a stew with pinto ciaro or Romeo del Castello. Try one and then join the conversation at
beans and bacon, the tannins receded and nytimes.com/food.
the wine became savory, almost saline, with Etna Rossos, like pinot noirs, are versatile with food. Poultry, pork,
an anise quality. salmon and tuna should all go well, as would a wide variety of pastas.
The Pataille was fresh like the Bart but Tomato sauces are a natural pairing, while my colleague Florence
richer, a seamless blend of red fruit, flowers, Fabricant recommends bucatini with tuna. As always, serve them cool
minerals and exotic spices. It seemed as el-
rather than at the temperature of a heated room.
egant as the Trapet did rustic.
ERIC ASIMOV
Despite the individual characteristics of
each wine, they all meet as expressions of
Marsannay, medium-bodied wines with
pretty red-fruit and floral aromas and fla- Characteristics to Consider
vors. They may evolve over the course of a
meal. Acidity
“With the accompanying chicken, the These wines are naturally high in acid. How do they feel in the mouth?
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cherry became a strawberry aroma,” said
Mel Winokur of New York City, while Cj- Flavors
Be general rather than specific. Sweet and fruited? Bitter? Savory? All of
moore of Eugene, Ore., wrote, “They also
changed constantly as we sniffed, tasted, those?
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
then enjoyed with cheeses and our dinner.”
That’s what Burgundy does, one of the
Comparisons
Do these remind you of any other wines you’ve had?
many things that make it beautiful.

OFF THE MENU FLORENCE FABRICANT

HEADLINER Kossar’s Bagels & Bialys

In the bagel capital of the world, the bialy, the round, flattened roll
with onions in the center, right, also gets its due. Evan Giniger and
David Zablocki, who in 2013 bought the 80-year-old Kossar’s Bialys on
the Lower East Side, closed it in September for renovations. The
bakery in the back is now enclosed in glass, and the storefront is no
longer drab, newly decked out with subway tiles and white marble.
And now you can order your bialy sliced and filled with cream
cheese, hummus and even whitefish salad, which was never offered
before. The bialys have gone on a flavor trip, too, with sun-dried
tomato, olive and apple-cinnamon. There are also pletzls (onion flat-
breads), challahs and babkas. Sandwiches like the Yenta, with white-
fish salad and pastrami salmon, are available for the first time.
(Opens Friday): 367 Grand Street (Essex Street), 212-473-4810,
kossars.com.

STEPHANIE DIANI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

OPENING
City Crab Shack Now that City
Crab & Seafood on Park Avenue
South is giving way to the relo-
cated Union Square Cafe, An-
drew Silverman and Dean Palin
have moved their seafood spot.
The centerpiece is a tank full of
blue crabs and lobsters that
roars in full view, turning out
lusty pizzas. Sirenetta translates
as “little mermaid”: 568 Amster-
dam Avenue (88th Street), 212-
799-7401, pizzeriasirenetta.com.
CHEFS ON THE MOVE
Robert Aikens has become the
branch of his TriBeCa restaurant family’s Sirio, which will close on
in the spring, in the space that Feb. 20. The new restaurant will
was Harlow: 111 East 56th Street. connect with the Rotunda of the
hotel, which is to open on June 1
Hometown Fried Chicken Bill as a cocktail lounge.
Durney plans to open this fried-
chicken spot, a sibling of Home-
Russ & Daughters at the Brook-
lyn Navy Yard The venerable
town BBQ a couple of blocks
Lower East Side smoked fish and
away, in June. The emphasis will
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become Maryland crab soup and
lobster rolls. (Wednesday): 10
East 16th Street, 212-529-3800,
citycrabshack.com.
Pizzeria Sirenetta Danny
Abrams and Cindy Smith, the
owners of the Mermaid Inn
Jewish delicacy store will expand
executive chef at the Rainbow be on takeout and delivery, with
into the Brooklyn Navy Yard in
Room complex in Rockefeller seating for about 40: 329 Van
about a year, occupying 14,000
Center, following Jonathan Brunt Street (Sullivan Street),
square feet in Building 77. It will
Wright, who left at the end of last Red Hook, Brooklyn. have a commercial bakery and a
year. Mr. Aikens has changed the Paowalla Floyd Cardoz, most retail area in what will be a giant
Sunday brunch to à la carte, with recently at White Street but best food hall with more tenants.
a few buffet stations.
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

known for having been the chef

restaurants, have turned the
space that originally housed
their Upper West Side location
into a white brick and tile Italian
restaurant and pizzeria. Danny
Amend, who was at Marco’s and
Franny’s, is consulting, and
Camille Rodriguez, formerly at
the Red Cat, is in the open
kitchen. A wood and gas oven
Ayesha Nurdjaja, who was at
Red Gravy in Brooklyn, is the
new chef at Hundred Acres in
SoHo, with the mandate to create
a mostly Mediterranean menu.
LOOKING AHEAD
American Cut Marc Forgione
expects to open an uptown
at Tabla, will open a modern
CLOSING
Indian restaurant this summer in
the Mezzogiorno space. The Moto This avant-garde Chicago
name refers to Goan bread- restaurant, whose chef and co-
sellers: 195 Spring Street (Sulli- owner, Homaro Cantu, died
van Street). suddenly last spring, has been
sold to the owners of Alinea, also
Perrine The Pierre Hotel will in Chicago. Katie McGowan, Mr.
open this restaurant on March 21 Cantu’s widow, announced that
in what had been the Maccioni Moto’s last day will be Feb. 14.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016 N D7

Layer Thee Well, Nacho Fans . ....................................................................................................................................................................................

Cheese and chips, with the
works, for Super Bowl fare.
By SAM SIFTON
The Denver Broncos and the Carolina Pan-
thers face off in Super Bowl 50 on Sunday.
Home cooks will serve copious numbers of
chicken wings to eat with the game, vats of
chili, trays of barbecue. This is the way of
our nation.
Some will endeavor to make nachos.
There are a number of ways of doing so. You
could melt a few pounds of a stable, pro-
cessed cheese like Velveeta, add a little
cream to the result and drizzle it over a bag
of your favorite tortilla chips. You could
whisk up a cheese sauce, making a roux of
flour and butter, then season it with a little
cayenne and melt some Cheddar into it,
then pour the mixture over quartered corn
tortillas you have lightly fried in peanut oil.
Nachos are nice pregame fare. But for
those interested in more substantial Super
Bowl cooking, for those who want to meet
the game with gustatory violence to match
what is happening on the field, nothing less
than loaded nachos will do — the cheese and
chips accompanied by a fragrant meat
sauce, the fire of jalapeños, the chill and
silkiness of sour cream, the tart excellence
of a good tomato, decent shredded lettuce,
thin-sliced radishes. Here is avocado; there,
the awesome funk of chopped cilantro.
Want some bacon on there as well, or a
slash of hot sauce? Go to! Some will add
beans. Others black olives, chopped raw on-
ion. Please do.
But take care to layer well. Layering is
the key to loaded nacho perfection.
Lay a sheet of chips across a sheet pan
and top it lightly with your meat sauce,
some cheese and a few toppings, though not
too many. Then repeat and repeat, topping
the whole with an enormous amount of
cheese — Cheddar, yes, and some Monterey
Jack as well, along with some crumbled Co-
jita if you can find it — and holding back only
tomatoes, cilantro, sour cream and, if using,
the raw onion to anoint your nachos at the
end.
Start your baking at the two-minute
warning before halftime, said Josh Capon,
an executive chef and partner in a number
of Manhattan restaurants, including Lure
Fishbar and Bowery Meat Company. His
Super Bowl parties are semi-legendary
among professional chefs in New York City.
“You need to control the crowd,” Mr. Ca-
pon said. “You give them too much up front,
they’re dead by halftime.” Ten minutes or so
at 400 degrees will do it, until the cheese is
bubbling and the edges of the chips are be-
ginning to darken.
Then serve right away. “That’s the game
plan,” he said.
LOADED NACHOS
TIME: 30 MINUTES the fat has rendered and the pieces are crisp,
YIELD: 6 TO 8 SERVINGS about 5 to 7 minutes, then remove the bacon
¼ pound slab or thick-cut bacon, diced and set aside.
1 medium yellow onion, peeled and diced 2. Add the onions to the bacon fat and sauté,
1½ pounds ground beef, like chuck or stirring occasionally, until they have softened
sirloin and started to go brown around the edges,
3 cloves garlic, peeled and minced about 3 to 5 minutes. Add the ground beef and
2 tablespoons ancho chile powder garlic and cook, breaking up the meat with a
1 tablespoon ground cumin spoon, until browned, about 5 minutes. Add the
2 teaspoons kosher salt chile powder, cumin, salt, paprika, black
2 teaspoons smoked paprika, hot or mild pepper, sugar, cornstarch and red pepper flakes
1½ teaspoons black pepper and stir to combine and toast the spices. Add
1 teaspoon light brown sugar enough chicken stock or water to loosen the
1 teaspoon cornstarch mixture, and allow it to simmer, uncovered,
½ teaspoon red pepper flakes until the sauce is slightly thickened, about 5 to
RIKKI SNYDER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES ½ to ⅔ cup chicken stock, homemade or
6 minutes. (Add a little more stock or water if
low-sodium, or water mixture is too thick.)
Start your baking at the 1 12- to-16-ounce bag corn tortilla chips
3. Assemble the nachos on a half sheet pan:
two-minute warning ½ head iceberg or romaine lettuce,
Put a layer of tortilla chips on the pan and
before halftime. shredded
cover with about ⅓ of the meat sauce, then
½ cup pickled jalapeños
add about ⅓ of the lettuce, ⅓ of the jalapeños,
2 avocados, pitted and sliced
some avocado slices and a handful of the
2 cups shredded Monterey Jack cheese
Monterey Jack and Cheddar cheeses. Top with
1½ cups shredded sharp Cheddar cheese
more tortilla chips, more meat sauce, more
½ cup crumbled Cojita cheese
lettuce, jalapeños, avocado and cheese, then
3 radishes, cleaned and thinly sliced
make a final layer of chips, meat, jalapeños,
2 cups cherry tomatoes, sliced into
avocado and cheese. Top with crumbled Cojita
quarters
cheese and slide the sheet pan into the oven to
½ cup sour cream
bake until the cheeses have melted through,
½ cup roughly chopped cilantro leaves
about 10 to 12 minutes.
2 limes, cut into eighths, for garnish
Hot sauce, if desired 4. Top cooked nachos with the sliced radishes
and tomatoes, and dot the tray with teaspoons
1. Heat oven to 400 degrees. Put a large sauté of sour cream. Scatter the cilantro over the top
pan with high sides over medium-high heat and and serve, accompanied by limes and hot
add the bacon. Cook, stirring occasionally, until sauce.

Rising Stars of the Fruit Bowl

CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1 common mandarins. To ensure that the
merchants often store them far past their quality matches the price, the packer re-
peak, and the seeds in traditional varieties cently installed near-infrared spectroscopy
can put off consumers. sensors that measure sweetness and acid-
To get the best of the mandarin boom, it ity. Many stores sell Sumos, including
helps to understand the fruit’s history, vari- Whole Foods nationwide, Wegmans in the
eties and seasons. Middle Atlantic states, Central Market in
Native to China and northeastern India, Texas, and Town & Country in Washington
mandarins are one of five original types of State.
citrus (along with pummelos, citrons, A new type of hybrid mandarin with red
kumquats and papedas) from which all oth- flesh like a blood orange, marketed as Ruby
ers, like oranges and grapefruit, are de- Tango, is large and mostly orange on the
rived. Until recently, because most man- outside, peels fairly easily, and is sweet,
darins were relatively small, delicate or full juicy and seedless. A cross of blood orange
of seeds, they remained less cultivated than and clementine bred in Sicily, grown pri-
other citrus in the United States. marily by Sunwest Fruit, it will be sold on a
Several forces converged to ignite the significant scale for the first time this year
California mandarin boom. Consumers in- starting around Valentine’s Day by retailers
creasingly demanded convenient, easy-to- like Fairway Market and FreshDirect in the
eat fruits like blueberries and seedless New York area and some Whole Foods
grapes. In the 1970s, Spain started export- stores in California.
ing clementines — seedless and easy to The cutest, most child-friendly mandarin
peel, with excellent flavor — to the Eastern is the Seedless Kishu, an ancient Japanese
United States, and that trade increased sig- specialty the size of a golf ball, very easy to
nificantly after a devastating California cit- peel, super sweet, with welcome acidity. It is
rus freeze in 1990. so small, expensive to pick and perishable
Two varieties of seedless, easy-peeling that it seems utterly uncommercial, but two
mandarins, adapted to mechanized pack- sophisticated specialty growers in Orange
Cove have planted 20 acres, some on trel-
lises like wine grapes. There, its season is
‘Sweet is one thing, PHOTOGRAPHS BY MONICA ALMEIDA/THE NEW YORK TIMES

December, but the crop from the original

but if you don’t 5 20
0 MILES
MILE
LES California growers, Churchill Orchard of
have the acidity
99
Ojai, starts ripening in mid-January and
SA
N J

with it, it doesn’t Bakersfield

Bak rsfield will be available at select stores nationwide
O

33
haunt you.’ (including the Orchard in Midwood, Brook-
AQ

14
U

58
lyn) for about the next 10 days.
IN

Ojai, 40 miles south at the other end of the

V
A
L

33
3
Maricopa Highway from the big commer-
L

Y
E

ing, became available to California growers, LOS PADRES

and horticulturists figured out how to grow
seedless clementines, a type of mandarin, in
the harsh climate of the San Joaquin Valley.
In the late 1990s, two companies with
deep pockets and marketing savvy, Sun Pa-
cific and Paramount Citrus (now Wonderful
Citrus), gambled big with huge mandarin
plantings on the Maricopa Highway, 25
miles southwest of Bakersfield, where they
were isolated from other citrus whose
pollen could make the fruit seedy.
“It was a crapshoot,” recalled Berne Ev-
ans, the plain-spoken owner of Sun Pacific,
during an interview in his office in Pasade-
na.
The bet paid off spectacularly. Mandarins
from the two companies, sold as Cuties and
Halos, now dominate the American market;
these and a few other brands of reasonably
priced, seedless and easy-peeling fruit have
become a staple.
As often happens, however, indus-
trialization has exacted compromises.
There are two main types of mandarin in
Cuties and Halos boxes, and the earlier of
these to ripen — yellow-orange clementines
marketed from November to mid-January
— requires a more Mediterranean climate
to produce the juiciest, most flavorful fruit.
The chief clementine variety grown in Cali-
fornia, Clemenules, is larger but less sub-
cial plantings, across a rugged mountain
NATIONAL
FOREST
MARICOPA
PA
A HIGHWAY
HIGHW
range in a coastal valley, is the domain of
5 small artisanal growers. The area’s fierce
Ojaii summer heat sweetens the fruit, and a wide
daily fluctuation in temperature preserves
Pasadena acidity and develops aromatics. But even
101
within this Napa Valley of mandarins, there
Los An
nge
ngg
geles
e is considerable variation.
PAC I F I C O C E A N “The presence or absence of acidity in the
same variety, sometimes grown a block
apart, is one of the great mysteries of man-
THE NEW YORK TIMES
darins,” said Lisa Brenneis, an owner of
Churchill Orchard. “Sweet is one thing, but
have focused on offerings that ripen in late
December and January, when the main if you don’t have the acidity with it, it doesn’t
haunt you.”
commercial varieties are not at their best.
The fine acid balance and rich aromatics Ojai growers specialize in Pixie, a late-
of one variety, Page, have made it a long- season, naturally low-acid, seedless and
time favorite at California farmers’ mar- easy-to-peel fruit that reaches an ideal bal-
kets, but until recently, large growers ne- ance only there. Because the variety is
glected it because it doesn’t peel very read- highly susceptible to developing off-flavors
ily, and looks more like a small, round or- from waxing, Ojai Pixies are dry-brushed
ange than a mandarin. Since it fills the clean rather than waxed. They are available
December-to-January gap, and produces from March to May at many stores around
and ships well, it has been planted on more the country.
than 1,000 acres in the last five years and be- Tony Thacher of Friend’s Ranches, whose
come widely available for the first time. family has grown mandarins in Ojai since
One of the best-tasting mandarins in the the 1920s, ships unwaxed fruit by mail order,
world, Daisy SL, has a gorgeously smooth, including supreme specimens of Daisy SL,
red-orange rind, firm, intensely sweet-tart in season now. Some of the six varieties,
flesh that melts in the mouth, and complex, packed by his daughter, Emily Ayala, have
lingering aromatics. But plantings have seeds, and they are not cheap — about $60
been limited because it is only moderately to $75 for 10 pounds, including shipping. But
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and Fina.
To a greater extent than for other citrus,
commercial packing can distort the flavor
of many mandarins, including clementines.
The washing needed for food safety strips
the natural wax off fruits, and to keep them
from drying out, packers apply artificial
varieties: W. Murcott Afourer, a seedling of
Murcott (best known as the Florida Honey
tangerine), found in Morocco in 1982, and
Tango, bred from W. Murcott Afourer to be
seedless even when pollinated.
Attractively deep orange inside and out,
dependably juicy, easy to grow and wildly
Clockwise from top, orchards in
Fresno County; Jim Churchill,
left, and Lisa Brenneis, who
grow Kishus in the Ojai Valley;
Tony Thacher grows the Ojai
Pixie variety; W. Murcott
Afourer mandarins are one of
easy to peel, low in seeds rather than seed- they offer a rare opportunity to taste the
most flavorful mandarins from a prime
less, and genetically unstable, so that some
growing area, as fresh as possible.
trees have reverted to seedy form. In to-
day’s market, fruit with seeds have little The commercial mandarin season closes
value. with Gold Nugget, a half brother of Pixie
“It’s not a matter of price,” Mr. Evans harvested from February to April or May. It
said. “People don’t want them.” is seedless and has excellent sweet flavor,
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m

wax. This stops natural respiration, leading
to the production of fermented and musty
flavors, which are aggravated by prolonged
storage and unrefrigerated conditions. The
only recourse for shoppers is to taste or at
least sniff a sample before buying.
Fortunately for consumers, the other
main type of mandarins in Halos and Cuties
boxes, from late January through April, is
better adapted to the San Joaquin Valley cli-
mate and less susceptible to post-harvest
degradation. These are actually two similar
prolific, these robust prodigies rule the mar-
ket in their season.
The supremacy of the two big companies
and two mandarin types has forced medium
and smaller growers to think outside the
Cuties and Halos box — to exploit seasonal
and regional niches, and to market distinc-
tive premium varieties.
Many of these growers are in the tradi-
tional citrus belt in the eastern San Joaquin
Valley, from Bakersfield to Fresno, where
the red soil imparts robust flavor. Some
the main varieties marketed as
Halos and Cuties.
The prized Dekopon mandarin of Japan, with good acidity, but the rind is rough, with
grown and marketed in this country as abundant oil that makes it difficult to pick
Sumo from mid-January to March, has cor- and pack, and comes off on the hands when
nered the high-price niche since its intro- peeled. Many growers are planting it any-
duction in 2011. Huge, with pebbly skin and a way, believing that its season and flavor
distinctive bump at the top, very easy to outweigh these drawbacks.
peel and seedless, it is intensely sweet but As for the future, the mandarin boom
balanced by refreshing acidity, a blend of may be peaking. Most major growers feel
power and finesse. that the market is getting saturated, and
Despite its rugged appearance, it takes that California plantings will soon stabilize.
extreme care to grow and pick, so it costs $4 But whatever happens, mandarins have ar-
to $7 a pound, as much as a whole box of rived, and now is the time to try them.
 D8 N
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2016

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