Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATES UNIVERSITY

(Ilagan Campus)
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

SECA
NT
MET
Submitted by:
HOD
APRILLE CEDRIC A. VARGAS

Submitted to:

ENGR. JOSELITO BUGAYONG

SECANT METHOD
A potential problem in implementing the Newton-Rapson method is the
evaluation of the derivative. Although this is not inconvenient for polynomials and
many other functions, there are certain functions whose derivatives may be
extremely difficult or inconvenient to evaluate. For these cases, the derivative can
be approximated by a backward finite divided difference

Graphical depiction of the secant method

f(x)

f(xi)

f(xi -1)
1)

xi - 1 xi x

f ( x ¿¿ i)
f ' (x ¿¿i)≅ f ( x ¿¿ i−1)− ¿¿¿
(x ¿¿ i−1)−(x i )¿
SECANT METHOD THEORY
A root-finding algorithm which assumes as function to be approximately linear in
the region of interest. Each improvement is taken as the point where the
approximating line crosses the axis. The secant method retains only the most
recent estimate, so the root does not necessarily remain bracketed. The secant
method is implemented in the Wolfram Language as the undocumented option
method.

FORMULA
( X ¿¿ 1)( X 0−X 1)
X i +1 = X i - f ¿
f ( X 0 )−f ( X 1)

X i+1new − X i+1old
¿ Ea ∨¿= x 100
X i +1new

CONDITION
In the 2nd iteration and to the ff. iteration
X 0=X 1

X 1 =X i+1
Example.
f ( X )=e− X −X ; X 0=0 ; X 1 =1; (3 decimal places)

Recall that the true root = 0.567

iteration X0 X1 f ( X0) f (X 1 ) X i +1
1st 0 1 1 -0.632 0.613
2nd 1 0.613 -0.632 -0.071 0.564
3rd 0.613 0.564 -0.071 0.005 0.567

1st iteration f ( X 1 )=¿ e−0.613−0.613

X 0= 0 f ( X 1 )=¿ -0.071

X 1= 1 (−0.071)(1−0.613)
X i +1=¿ 0.613 -
−0.632−(−0.071)
f ( X 0 )=e−0−0
X i +1=¿0.564
f ( X 0 )=1

f ( X 1 )=¿ e−1−1
3rd iteration
f ( X 1 )=¿ -0.632
X 0= 0.613
(−0.632)(0−1)
X i +1=¿ 1 -
1−(−0.632) X 1 = 0.564

X i +1=¿0.613 f ( X 0 )=e−0.613−0.613

f ( X 0 )=−0.071

2nd iteration f ( X 1 )=¿ e−0.564−0.564

X 0= 1 f ( X 1 )=¿ 0.005

X 1 = 0.613 (0.005)(0.613−0.564)
X i +1=¿ 0.564 -
−0.071−0.005
f ( X 0 )=e−1−1
X i +1=¿0.56
f ( X 0 )=−0.632