ASSIGNMENT

ON

ROLE OF NGO’s

IN

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

(2019-2021)

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Mrs.Aziz Inder Sekhon Jagjeet Singh

19421024

Amanpreet Kaur

19421065

Punjabi University Patiala

 NGO’s

What Is an NGO?

A NGO is a non-profit, citizen-based organization which operates independently of government.

NGOs, sometimes referred to as civil societies, are organized at the community, national and
international levels to serve specific social or political purposes, and are in nature cooperative
rather than commercial. Although the word "NGO" has different meanings, it is widely
understood to include non-profit and non-criminal, private organizations that operate outside
government control. While other definitions describe NGOs as non-religious and non-military
organizations. Many non-governmental organizations depend solely on volunteers while others
have a paid workforce.

Two broad groups of NGO’s are indentified by world bank:

• Operational NGOs committed to development programs.

• Advocacy NGOs organized to promote specific causes;

At the same time, some NGOs can come under both categories.

Examples of non-governmental organizations include those who support human rights, advocate
for improved health or encourage political participation.
How NGOs are Funded
As non-profits, NGOs rely on a variety of sources for funding, including:

 membership dues
 private donations
 the sale of goods and services
 grants

Despite their independence from government, some NGOs rely significantly on government

funding. Large NGOs may have budgets in the millions or billions of dollars.

Types of NGOs
A number of NGO variations exist, including:

 BINGO: business-friendly international NGO (example: Red Cross)

 ENGO: environmental NGO (Greenpeace and World Wildlife Fund)
 GONGO: government-organized non-governmental organization (International Union
for Conservation of Nature)
 INGO: international NGO (Oxfam)
 QUANGO: quasi-autonomous NGO (International Organization for
Standardization [ISO])

Having NGOs in India provides many benefits. The country's NGOs assume a
prominent part in multiple development programs and activities. Local non-governmental
organizations are vital to local area growth. They are adaptable to the requirements of the
situation and suit local needs. They are especially useful to the marginalized and the poor and to
their development. Although the purpose of the NGOs is to help people, suffering due to natural
disaster or otherwise, they share a very good relationship with people. It goes a long way in
making their lives simpler and in creating integrated ventures. The recruitment requires both
trained and motivated workers.If not lead, the NGOs take on a prominent role in several
development projects and are a ray of light in a country like India plagued by a plethora of
problems that the government alone can not tackle. The following can be mentioned to delineate
the role of the NGOs in the overall development activities:
NGO’s IN INDIA

• Good governance

• Upliftment of the marginalized

• Social mobilization

• Disaster management

• Mental health and community programme

There are NGOs in the fields of climate, health , education, peace, human rights, consumer rights
and women's rights and social change in every minute. Several NGO organisations in the country
have been pursuing an alternative 'social action' since 1980. The main environmental awareness
and conservation NGOs include the Center for Science and Environment ( CSE), the Gandhi
Peace Foundation, the Bombay Natural History Society, Assam Science Society etc. to fight
corruption; Awaaz and India are involved organizations against corruption. All India Human
Rights Association works to raise awareness among the masses of their rights and privileges and
the rooting center for the rights of women. And NGOs like the Center for Consumer Education
and Research work for the education and research center for consumers. Foundation M
Venkatarangaiya aims to eliminate child labour. Gandhi Peace Foundation is influential NGOs
for environmental awareness and its conservation as the hub for science and climate. NAZ
foundation is another influential non-governmental group that articulates the interests of the
LGBTQ community.

Role of NGO’S to mitigate poverty:

Poverty has been a firm and unwelcome issue in India, all the way through independence to
decades after that. NGO role, especially in a country like India, is very crucial. Nonetheless, a
large chunk of the Indian population is still below the poverty line according to current estimates.
Nevertheless, the subject of elections and all other political agendas was around the issue.
Numerous government subsidies and mechanisms for poverty alleviation have been integrated
into the country. But most of them failed to deliver a commendable outcome. Over the last few
decades , the role of NGO's has been extremely important in the mechanism for poverty
alleviation. They have brought in some of the best job opportunities, livelihood programs, self-
help groups and empowerment programs as well. Many families have enjoyed some of the most
viable and consistent benefits from these NGO's both in rural and urban areas. NGO's play an
significant role in offering relief and other basic services to people suffering from extreme
poverty.

 Such NGOs have implemented other empowerment programs. Such services empower
both men and women, and thus deliver certain commendable lifestyle benefits.
 NGOs have developed some skill-based, viable and successful livelihood programs.
 The NGO's provide various public services at both the Macro and Micro levels.
 Additionally, NGO's have introduced several effective development projects that are
incredibly useful for people impacted by poverty.

 Example of such NGO:

“UDAAN Foundation”
The Udaan Foundation, founded in 2009, is a children's NGO in Mumbai that runs a one-
year foundation program to promote school preparation for children aged 4-6 from low-
income communities. In a fun, comfortable, and happy learning environment, the aim is
to create a good foundation in language and social skills. Donation to this program will
cover the cost of the school teachers' salaries. In Mumbai, sponsor a child's education to
help them dream of a future beyond slums.
NGO’S to promote education:
Education is both the foundation for a better life and the end for it. It is a transition from
darkness to light. Without schooling, people are caught up in the cycles of misery and
backwardness between generations. Seven decades after independence have passed, but India is
still struggling to achieve a literacy rate of more than 90%. Providing quality education to all
Indian children should be the top priority of state and central governments alike. And thus, India
's numerous government departments also fund charities to bring more and more children into
the realm of their educational initiatives.

NGOs such as “Save the Children” spearheaded the movement to provide the most
marginalized and deprived children in India with quality education. Through services in India's
most remote and neglected areas, the NGO ensures the benefits of the Right to Education Act
reach out to the most vulnerable children. The aim is to ensure that all children, regardless of
their background, are able to go to school, play, engage and learn with other children of their
age, so that they can create a life of dignity for them and contribute to the economic
development.

 Example of NGO:

“The Akshaya Patra Foundation (TAPF)”

Established in 2000 and headquartered in Bengaluru, the organization tackles malnutrition and
supports the right of disadvantaged children to education. Working on a model of public-private
partnership, it provides fresh and nutritious meals to children in government schools and
government-aided schools as an implementing agency for the midday meal schemes of
government. This aims at feeding 5 million children by 2025, with a goal that no child should be
deprived of education because of hunger. It is targeting feeding 5 million children by 2025. With
its state-of-the-art kitchens receiving worldwide acclaim, TAPF focuses on technology to help
scale its operations up. TAPF is the largest non-profit-run midday meal program in the world
today, serving 1.76 million children in 12 countries. This commemorated the serving of 3 billion
meals on 11 February 2019.
NGO’S to promote Healthcare:
Health is of paramount importance in achieving poverty reduction and devel-opment, as well as
vital to human well-being. Accordingly, health has a prominent role to play in the MDGs, with
three of the eight goals related to health and three other goals covering important dimen-sions of
health. The wellbeing goals tackle a wide variety of problems themselves:

 Goal 1: Halve the proportion of people who suffer fromhunger. Nutrition

is a fundamental feature of health, and a majority of child deaths are
related to nutrition, including weakened immunesystems
 Goal 4: Reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate among childrenunder five.
 Goal 5:Reduce by three-quarters the ratio of women dying inchildbirth.
 Goal 6:Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS andthe
incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

 Goal 7:Reduce by half the proportion of people withoutaccess to safe

drinking water (this is discussed later in this chapter inthe environment
application).

 Goal 8, target: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies,

provideaccess to affordable essential drugs in developing countries

 Example of NGO:

“Rural Healthcare Foundation”

It was created by Nevatia of the late Arun,based in West Bengal. This aims to provide the lowest
strata of the socio-economic pyramid with low cost primary healthcare and is doing well in
achieving its objectives. RHCF is currently a network of 10 clinics, spread over different districts
of West Bengal and has served over 10 lakh patients through its network since its inception.

At the United Nations, Rural Health Care Foundation has been given special consultative status
with ECOSOC. A case study about the Rural Health Care Foundation was also published by
Harvard Business School.