Problem

A rectangular reinforced concrete beam with width of 250 mm and effective depth of
500 mm is subjected to 150 kN·m bending moment. The beam is reinforced with 4 – 25
mm ø bars. Use alternate design method and modular ratio n = 9.
1. What is the maximum stress of concrete?
2. What is the maximum stress of steel?
3. What is the total compressive force in concrete?

Area of reinforcing bars

As=4×14π(252)=625π mm2As=4×14π(252)=625π mm2
nAs=9(625π)=5625π mm2nAs=9(625π)=5625π mm2
 

 
Location of the neutral axis
Qabove NA=Qbelow NAQabove NA=Qbelow NA
250x(12x)=nAs(d−x)250x(12x)=nAs(d−x)
125x2=5625π(500−x)125x2=5625π(500−x)
125x2+5625πx−2812500π=0125x2+5625πx−2812500π=0
x=204.42 and −345.79x=204.42 and −345.79
 
Use x=204.42 mmx=204.42 mm
 
Moment of inertia
INA=250x33+nAs(d−x)2INA=250x33+nAs(d−x)2
INA=250(204.423)3+5625π(500−204.42)2INA=250(204.423)3+5625π(500−204.42)
2
INA=2255762492 mm4INA=2255762492 mm4
 
Bending stresses
fb=McIfb=McI
Concrete
fc=MxINAfc=MxINA
fc=150(204.42)(10002)2255762492fc=150(204.42)(10002)2255762492
fc=13.59 MPafc=13.59 MPa           answer
 
Steel
fsn=M(d−x)INAfsn=M(d−x)INA
fs9=150(500−204.42)(10002)2255762492fs9=150(500−204.42)
(10002)2255762492
fs=19.65 MPafs=19.65 MPa           answer
 
Total compressive force in concrete
C=12fcbx=12(13.59)(250)(204.42)C=12fcbx=12(13.59)(250)(204.42)
C=347.26 kNC=347.26 kN           answer