Addis Ababa Science and Technology University

College of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering

Course Title: Foundation Engineering I Class Year: III

Course No.: CEng3141 Date: 19/02/2021
Worked Example

1. Design a square isolated footing for the following condition. Do all the required steps up to
the reinforcement detail. [10 %]
Load:
DL = 600 kN
LL = 250 kN
Column dimension: 0.4 m x 0.3 m
Material Data:
Concrete: C-25
Steel: S-300
Subsurface data:
Allowable bearing capacity = 175 kPa
Neglect the self-weight of the foundation and the weight of the soil above the foundation.
DL = 600 kN
P=1500 kN
LL = 250 kN
 Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

SOLUTION

• Proportioning:
σall = P/A * (1 + 6*eB/B + 6*eL/L)
eB (service) = 0/850 = 0 m
eL (service) = 0/850 = 0 m
175 = (600 + 250) / (1 * B^2) * (1 + 6*0/B + 6*0/1 * B)
175B^3 - 850B - 0 = 0
B = 2.21 m
L = 2.21 m

• Depth Determination:
eB (ultimate) = 0 m
eL (ultimate) = 0 m
σ = P/A = (1.3*600+1.6*250)/(2.21 * 2.21) = 241.6 kPa

A. Punching Shear
Take d = 0.4
VRd = 0.25 * fctd * k1 * k2 * u * d
fctd = 0.21 * (fck)^(2/3) / γc = 0.21 * (0.8 * 25^(2/3) / 1.5 = 1.032 MPa = 1032 kPa
K1 = 1 + 50ρe (≤ 2) = 1 + 50 * (0.5 / 300) = 1.083 (i.e. taking ρe = ρmin)
K2 = 1 - d (≥ 1) = 1 - 0.4 = 1.2
U = 2 * (b + 3 * d) + 2 * (l + 3 * d) = 2 * (0.3 + 3 * 0.4) + 2 * (0.4 + 3 * 0.4) = 6.2 m
VRd = 0.25 * 1032 * 1.083 * 1.2 * 6.2 * 0.4
= 831.412 kN
Pnet = P - A'σ
σ = P/A = 1180 / (2.21 * 2.21) = 241.6 kPa
Pnet = 1180 - ((0.3 + 3 * 0.4) * (0.4 + 3 * 0.4)) * 241.6
= 600.159 kN ≤ VRd ................. OK

B. Wide Beam Shear (Along B)

VRd = 0.25 * fctd * k1 * k2 * b * d
VRd = 0.25 * 1032 * 1.083 * 1.2 * 2.21 * 0.4
= 296.358 kN
Vsd = ((L - h)/2 - ) * B * σ
Vsd = ((2.21 - 0.4)/2 - 0.4) * 2.21 * 241.6
= 269.638 kN ≤ VRd ................. OK

C. Wide Beam Shear (Along L)

VRd = 0.25 * fctd * k1 * k2 * b * d
VRd = 0.25 * 1032 * 1.083 * 1.2 * 2.21 * 0.4
= 296.358 kN
Vsd = ((B - b)/2 - d) * L * σ
Vsd = ((2.21 - 0.3)/2 - 0.4) * 2.21 * 241.6
 Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

= 296.335 kN ≤ VRd ................. OK

• Reinforcement Determination:
As = ρ * b * d

A. Reinforcement Along B
ρ = (1 - √(1 - 2 * M / (fcd * L * d ^ 2))) * (fcd / fyd)
fcd = 0.8 * 0.85 * 25 / 1.5 = 11.333 MPa
fyd = 300 / 1.15 = 260.87 MPa
M = 241.6 * 2.21 * ((2.21 - 0.3) / 2) ^ 2 / 2 = 243.482 kNm
ρ = (1 - √(1 - 2 * 243.482/ (11333 * 2.21 * 0.4 ^ 2))) * (11.333 / 260.87) = 0.002725
As = 0.002725 * 2210 * 400 = 24.1 mm2
For φ 14:
S = (π * (14^2 / 4) * 2210 / 24.089 = 141.23 mm
Use φ 14 C / C 140

B. Reinforcement Along L
ρ = (1 - √(1 - 2 * M / (fcd * B * d ^ 2))) * (fcd / fyd)
M = 344.008 * 2.2 * ((2.2 - 0.4) / 2) ^ 2 / 2 = 306.511 kNm
ρ = (1 - √(1 - 2 * 306.511/ (13600 * 2.2 * 0.47 ^ 2))) * (13.6 / 260.87) = 0.002477
As = 0.002477 * 2200 * 470 = 25.6 cm2
For φ 14:
S = (π * (14^2 / 4) * 2200 / 25.607 = 132.25 mm
Use φ 14 C / C 130

ρ = (1 - √(1 - 2 * M / (fcd * B * d ^ 2))) * (fcd / fyd)

M = 241.6 * 2.21 * ((2.21 - 0.4) / 2) ^ 2 / 2 = 218.654 kNm
ρ = (1 - √(1 - 2 * 218.654/ (11333 * 2.21 * 0.4 ^ 2))) * (11.333 / 260.87) = 0.002439
As = 0.002439 * 2210 * 400 = 21.6 mm2
For φ 14:
S = (π * (14^2 / 4) * 2210 / 21.559 = 157.8 mm
Use φ 14 C / C 150
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

Φ 14 c/c 11 - 298
Φ 14 c/c 13 - 298

Note: All dimensions are in cm