PROGRAMMABLE DIRECTIONAL INVERSE TIME CURRENT

RELAYS
JRP 011-012-022

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

JVS ELECTRONICS PVT. LTD.

AN ISO 9001 COMPANY
121, Manchanayakanahalli, Mysore Road,
Bangalore Rural District – 562 109,
Tele – (080)7282386 / 7282296 / 28361208 / 28360232
Fax – (080) 28361335 / 7282386 /
Email: info@vensonelectric.com

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 I. INTRODUCTION

Relay type JRP 011, JRP 012, JRP 022 are programmable, directional, inverse time, current relays
which find application in protection of parallel transformers, parallel feeders, ring main systems
etc. The configuration details of these four types of relays are as given below.

JRP 011 : Single pole, directional, inverse time over current relay, without instantaneous highest
feature

JRP 012 : Single pole, directional, inverse time over current relay with directionalised
instantaneous highest feature

JRP 021 : Single pole, directional, inverse time earth fault relay without instantaneous highest
feature

JRP 022 : Single pole, directional, inverse time earth fault relay with directionalised
instantaneous highest feature.

These relays have the following two salient features.

1. Characteristic angle ( maximum sensitivity) is field selectable. The relay has ‘lead’
characteristic angle of 30 deg., 45 deg. And 60 deg. For over current elements and ‘lag’
characteristic angle of 12.5 deg., 30 deg. And 45 deg. For earth fault element. The
desired angle depending on the system requirement is selected through DIP switches. The
general practice is to use the quadrature ( 90 deg.) connection for the over current (
phase fault) relays i.e., the current is connected to one phase ( say R), and the voltage is
connected to the other two phases ( Y&B). For earth fault relays, the current is taken
from the residual circuit of the current transformers and the voltage is taken from the
open delta, tertiary winding of the voltage transformers.

2. Four standard inverse time current operating characteristics employed for different
protection applications are available in a single unit. The desired operating characteristic
can be selected at the relay front through DIP switches. The four characteristics provided
are :

a. 3 secs, standard inverse

b. 1.3 secs. Standard inverse
c. Very inverse
d. Extremely inverse

3. Relays type JRP 012 and JRP 022 which are provided with instantaneous highest element
can be made to operate either as directional highest or non-directional highest. The
desired operation can be selected at the relay front through DIP switches.

4. The output contacts of the relays can be selected for either self reset or hand reset
through DIP switches.

Detailed description and specifications of the relays are given in our publication no. JR 501.

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 HANDLING, MOUNTING AND WIRING.

Each relay is securely packed in cardboard carton with cushioned packing all round. However,
it is advisable to unpack the carton as soon as it is received and carry out a visual inspection
of the relay to make sure that no physical damage has been caused to it in transit. If any
physical damage is noticed, this should be immediately reported to JVS Electronics Pvt. Ltd.,
NO. 121, Manchanayakanahalli – 562 109, Bangalore Rural District so that the Company can
take up the matter with the Insurance Company, in case the material has been insured with
the Company’s Insurer. Otherwise, if the insurance has been arranged by you, the matter
should be immediately taken up with your Insurance Company.

While shifting and mounting the relay on the panel, it is necessary to handle it with care and
caution. The relay can be securely mounted on the panel using the two side – mounting
clamps packed along with it. The mounting and clamping arrangements are given in the
enclosed drawing no. JM/DCD/01. This should be carefully followed. It will be seen from this
drawing that the cutout dimension required on the panel for this relay is 138mm x 138mm
+0, -1mm.

II. FRONT PLATE

A replica of the front panel of the over current relay is given in the enclosed drawing no. JRP
012/E/06(B) and of the earth fault relay in the enclosed drawing no. JRP 022/E/06(B).

It will be seen that this panel contains all the switches for making various setting adjustments,
curve selection table and LEDs ( Light Emitting Diodes) for various indications. The bottom
portion of this panel forms the name plate in which the following details are given.

i. Relay type reference and article number

ii. Relay serial number
iii. Rated current
iv. Rated voltage
v. Rated auxiliary supply voltage range

A. Name Plate Details

Please check the name plate details to ensure that these are as per your order and that they
match with your system requirements.

B. Setting Adjustments

Please refer to drawing nos. JRP 012/E/06(A) and JRP 022/E/06(B) to understand the following
description.

The settings are made by four – point DIP switches, which are to be operated vertically. Each
point of the DIP switch has two positions and the values corresponding to both the positions are
indicated. The percent setting, wherever mentioned, represents percentage of rated current
mentioned on the name plate. In all cases other than the curve selection and characteristic angle
DIP switches, the sum total of the values represented by individual switches gives the total value
of setting. The symbol ‘X’ indicates that at the position of the particular point of the switch has
no significance.

1. Curve selection ( Switch A) :

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The method of selecting the different curves is as per the table shown on the relay front plate.
The desired operating curve is selected by putting the switches in the corresponding position
shown in the table.

2. Current setting for inverse time over current element ( Switch B) :

The setting range is from 50 to 200% in steps of 10%. The minimum setting is 50% and
maximum setting is 200%.

Examples :

a) To set 50% : 50+[0+0+0+0] = 50%

b) To set 100% : 50+[0+40+0+10] = 100%
c) To set 200% : 50+[80+40+20+10] = 200%

3. Time multiplier setting for inverse time over current element ( Switches D&E)

The TMS has a calibration setting range of 0.05 to 1 in steps of 0.01 although the switches can be
set to other values. Two DIP switches are provided to enable this setting.

DIP Switch E is used to set a minimum of 0.01 and maximum of 0.09.

Examples :

a) To set 0.01 : (0+0+0+1) x 0.01 = 0.01

b) To set 0.09 : ( 8+0+0+1) x 0.01 = 0.09

Even though this switch can be set for a value more than 0.09, the relay takes a value of 1.0 for
any setting higher than 0.9. Hence, the switch setting should be limited to 0.09.

DIP Switch D is used to set a value of 0.1 to 1.

Examples :

a) To set 0.1 : ( 0+0+0+1) x 0.1 = 0.1

b) To set 1.0 : ( 8+0+2+0) x 0.1 = 1.0
Even though this switch can be set for a value more than 1.0, the relay takes a value of 1.0 for
any setting higher than 1.0.

Thus, the TMS for over current element can be set by using the two DIP switches D&E to the
required value.

Examples : Switch D Switch E

a) To set 0.05 : {[0+0+0+0] x 0.1 } + [0+4+0+1] x 0.01 = 0.05

b) To set 0.11 : {[0+0+0+1] x 0.1 } + [ 0+0+0+1] x 0.01 = 0.11
c) To set 0.40 : {[0+4+0+0] x 0.1 } + [ 0+0+0+0] x 0.01 = 0.40
d) To set 1.00 : {[8+0+2+0] x 0.1 } + [ 0+0+0+0] x 0.01 = 1.00

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 4. Characteristic angle setting for over current relay ( Switch J) :

First determine the relay characteristic angle required as per system requirements. Having
determined the angle, put the switch corresponding to this angle at the bottom position and all
the other switches at the top position. As a cross check for correct operation, it may be noted
that only one of the switches is in the bottom position.

5. Current setting for directionalised instantaneous highest over current element – applicable
to type JRP 012 relay only ( Switch H)

The instantaneous highest for over current can be set from 200 to 3000% in steps of 200%.

Minimum setting : 200% = ( 0+0+0+2)

Maximum setting : 3000% = ( 16+8+4+2) x 100

6. Current setting for inverse time earth fault element ( Switch C)

The setting range is from 5 to 80% in steps of 5%. The minimum setting is 5% and maximum
setting is 80%.

Examples :

a) To set 5% : 5 + [ 0+0+0+0 ] = 5%
b) To set 80% : 5 + [ 40+20+10+5 ] = 80%
7. Time multiplier setting for earth fault element ( Switches F & G)
The TMS has a calibration setting range of 0.05 to 1 in steps of 00.01 although the switches can
be set to other values. Two DIP switches are provided to enable this setting.

DIP switch G is used to set a minimum of 0.01 and a maximum of 0.09.

Examples :

a) To set 0.01 : ( 0+0+0+1) x 0.01 = 0.01

b) To set 0.09 : ( 8+0+0+1) x 0.01 = 0.09

Even though this switch can be set for a value more than 0.09, the relay takes a value of 1.0 for
any setting higher than 0.09. Hence, the switch setting should be limited to 0.09.

DIP Switch F is used to set a value of 0.1 to 1.

Examples :

c) To set 0.1 : ( 0+0+0+1) x 0.1 = 0.1

d) To set 0.09 : ( 8+0+0+1) x 0.01 = 1.0

Even though this switch can be set for a value more than 1.0, the relay takes a value of 1.0 for
any setting higher than 1.0.

Thus the TMS for earth fault element can be set by using the two DIP switches F&G to the
required value.

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Examples : Switch F Switch G

e) To set 0.05 : {[0+0+0+0] x 0.1 } + [0+4+0+1] x 0.01 = 0.05

f) To set 0.11 : {[0+0+0+1] x 0.1 } + [ 0+0+0+1] x 0.01 = 0.11
g) To set 0.40 : {[0+4+0+0] x 0.1 } + [ 0+0+0+0] x 0.01 = 0.40
h) To set 1.00 : {[8+0+2+0] x 0.1 } + [ 0+0+0+0] x 0.01 = 1.00

8. Characteristic angle setting for earth fault relay ( Switch J) :

First determine the relay characteristic angle required as per system requirements. Having
determined the angle, put the switch corresponding to this angle at the bottom position and all
the other switches at the top position. As a cross check for correct operation, it may be noted that
only one of the switches is in the bottom position.

9. Current setting for directionalised instantaneous highest earth fault element – applicable to
type JRP 022 relay only ( Switch I)

The instantaneous highset earth fault element can be set from 50 to 800% in steps of 50%.

a) To set 50% : 50 + ( 0+0+0+0) x 100 = 50%

b) To set 800% : 50 + ( 4 + 2 + 1 + 0.5 ) x 100 = 800%

IMPORTANT NOTE

After completion of settings or after carrying out any changes, the ‘RESET’ push button should be
pressed once to accept the set values. The operation of the push button switch is confirmed by
the glowing of the LEDs.

C. LED indications

1. AUX. SUPPLY : This is a ‘Green’ LED and the glowing of this LED indicates that the
auxiliary supply is healthy and that the power supply convertor of the relay is ‘ON’.

2. DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE : This is a ‘Red’ LED and the glowing of this ‘LED’ indicates
that the directional unit of the relay has operated. In other words, the voltage and current
applied to the relay, and the phase angle between them, are such that the directional unit
is in the ‘operate zone’. When this LED is not glowing, it indicates that the directional unit
isin the ‘non-operate zone’. This could be due to any of the following two reasons.

a. The phase angle between the current and voltage signals is in the non-operate
zone.
b. The voltage coil is not energized at all

3. O/C ( Located above Switch B) : This is also a ‘Red’ LED associated with the over current
relay and the glowing of this LED indicates that the current value has exceeded the
threshold value and is flowing in the direction in which the relay is arranged to operate. In
case the current sustains for the operating time, the LED continues to glow even if the
current becomes zero. This LED will go off only when reset by pressing the ‘RESET’ push
button. In case the current goes below the reset value before the operating time, the LED
will go off.

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It follows that the glowing of this LED will always be accompanied by the glowing of the
‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE ‘ LED.

4. RELAY TRIP ( I/T) : This is also a ‘Red’ LED and glows permanently when the relay has
operate and energized the final output element to trip the circuit breaker. This LED is
reset by pressing the ‘RESET’ push button after the relay is de-energised.

5. PHASE ( Located above Switch H) : The glowing of this ‘Red’ LED indicates that the
current has exceeded the set value of the instantaneous highset over current element, and
that the relay has operated. As the instantaneous highset over current element is also
directionalised, the glowing of this LED will always be accompanied by the glowing of the
‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE’ LED.

6. E/F ( Located above the Switch C) : This is a ‘Red’ LED associated with the earth fault
relay and the glowing of this LED indicates that the current value has exceeded the
threshold value and is flowing in the direction in which the relay is arranged to operate. In
case the current sustains for the operating time, the LED continues to glow even if the
current becomes zero. This LED will go off only when reset by pressing the ‘RESET’ push
button. In case the current goes below the reset value before the operating time, the LED
will go off.

It follows that the glowing of this LED will always be accompanies by the glowing of the
‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE’ LED.

7. E/F ( Located above Switch I) : The glowing of this ‘Red’ LED indicates that the current
has exceeded the set value of the instantaneous highset earth fault element, and that the
relay has operated. As the instantaneous highset earth fault element is also
directionalised, the glowing of this LED will always be accompanied bythe glowing of the
‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE’ LED.

D. Output Relay Contacts

These can be either the ‘self reset’ type or the ‘hand reset’ type. When the contacts are ‘hand
reset’ type, the article number of the relay will have a suffix ‘H’. ‘Self reset’ type contacts will
reset automatically as soon as the relay is de-energised. Only the LEDs will be glowing and these
can be reset by pressing the ‘RESET’ push button. In the case of ‘hand reset’ contacts, these will
have to be manually reset by pressing the ‘RESET’ push button. In this case, both the LEDs and
the contacts reset simultaneously when the ‘RESET’ push button is pressed.

III. PRE-COMMISSIONING TESTS ( Secondary Injection Tests)

The relay may be tested for its working before putting into service. This is done by removing the
cover and withdrawing the chassis from the case. The terminals for connection are at the rear.
For terminal details, refer to the particular wiring diagram.

The auxiliary supply for the relay may be derived from the station battery or any standard power
pack unit. In case the auxiliary supply rating of the relay is 85 to 250 V DC/AC, the available AC
mains voltage of 230V AC itself could be used.

Secondary injection tests are carried out for determining the operation of the following elements
within the declared error limits.

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 i) Directional element
ii) Inverse time element
iii) Instantaneous highset element

The procedure for testing these elements is given below :

j) Directional Element : The operating characteristic of this element can be checked by using
a ‘phase shifter’ of the induction type or static type. This phase shifter can be either single
phase or three phase.

The recommended test set-up for testing directional element is shown in the Annexure I. This
annexure gives both the alternatives viz., using a three phase phase shifter and using a single
phase phase sifter.

When using a three phase phase shifter for testing the directional over current unit, the voltage
coil of the relay should be connected to the Y-B voltage output of the phase shifter as shown.
The current coil of the relay should be connected to the R phase current output of the phase
shifter. When using a single phase phase shifter, both the voltage and the current coils of the
relay will be connected to the same output from the phase shifter as shown.

Set the characteristic angle of the over current relay to 30 deg. ( lead) and the current setting at
100%. Energise the relay with rated voltage and rated current. When a three phase phase
shifter is used, ensure that the Y-B voltage applied to the relay is 110 V AC, and adjust the
current in the R phase to be equal to rated current. Adjust the phase angle between the R phase
current and the Y-B voltage such that the relay current leads the relay voltage by 30 deg. Note
that the directional unit is in the operated condition as indicated by the glowing of the
‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE’ LED.

Rotate the phase angle disc so that the arrow corresponds to 0 deg. For this condition. Now shift
the phase angle of the current by 90 deg. on either side of this reference position. The directional
unit will remain operated on both sides upto an angle of 90 ± 9 deg. Next change the direction of
the current by interchanging the connection to the current terminals of the relay. Note that the
directional unit is now de-energised and the ‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE’ LED is off. Shift the
phase angle again by 90 deg. on either side of the reference 0 deg. position and note that the
directional unit remains inoperative upto 90 ± 9 deg. on either side.

When a single phase phase shifter is used, the above test is carried out by adjusting the current
and the voltage applied to the relay to have a phase angle difference of 30 deg. current leading
the voltage. For this position, the phase angle disc is brought to 0 deg. to serve as the reference
position. The same procedure as above is repeated by rotating the disc by 90 ± 9 deg. on either
side of the reference position, both for operate and non-operate zones.

For carrying out directional element check of the directional earth fault relay, a single phase
phase shifter is sufficient. Here, the relay characteristic angle is selected at 12.5 deg. and the
current setting of the relay is kept at 20% rated current and the voltage value is adjusted to be
about 63.5V. The phase angle of the current is adjusted to lag the voltage by 12.5 deg., and the
zero of the phase angle disc is adjusted in this position to serve as reference. The phase shifter
is then rotated by 90±9 deg. on both sides of this position. The operation of the directional unit
is noted. Then the current is reversed and the non-operation of the unit is also noted as in the
case of directional over current element.

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The above tests should be repeated for characteristic angle setting of 45 deg and 60 deg. lead in
the case of directional over current relay and 30 deg. and 45 deg. lag in the case of directional
earth fault relay.

It is also recommended that the directional unit check is carried out by applying a voltage of 1%
of rated voltage to the relay and by passing a current of 10% of rated current in the operate
direction, to check the directional sensitivity of the relay. Similarly, by applying 1% of rated
voltage to the relay and by passing 20 times the set current through the relay in the non-operate
direction, the directional stability of the relay can also be established.

ii) Inverse Time Element : Select the desired time current operating characteristic and the set
the ‘CURVE SELECTION’ DIP switch in accordance with the table shown on the front plate. The
corresponding operating characteristic curves and the table are provided in our publication no. JR
501. This table is also given in the enclosed annexure II. To get the readings from the table for
TMS values other than 1.00, multiply the readings provided for TMS 1.00 by the corresponding
TMS factor.

Example :

For the 3 seconds standard inverse time curve, the operating time at TMS 1.00 at 109 times the
current setting is 3.0 seconds. If the TMS is set at 0.22 the corresponding operating time at 10
times the current setting will be 0.22 x 3.0 = 0.66 second, subject to a maximum error of ±
5.0%.

NOTE : In carrying out secondary injection tests on inverse time and highset instantaneous,
directional over current / earth fault elements, it is necessary to ensure that the current and
voltage relationship is such that the directional unit is always in the operated condition. Without
this being satisfied, it will not be possible to get the operation of the directionalised inverse time
and highset instantaneous elements, on secondary injection tests.

Test 1 : Inverse time O/C elements set at 10% current setting & TMS 1.00

i. Check for the pick-up value of current by slowly increasing the current and
ensure that this is between 105 to 120% of the set value indicated by steady
glowing of the phase LED.
ii. Check for the operating times at current values of 2, 5, 10 and 20 times the set
value and note that the timings are within ± 5% of actual values.

Test 2 : Inverse time O/C elements set at 10% current setting & TMS 0.5

i. Check for the operating times at current values of 2,5,10 and 20 times the set value
and note that the timings are within ± 5% pf actual values.

Test 3 : Inverse time O/C elements set at 100% current setting & TMS 0.1

Similar to Test 2 given above

Test 4 : Inverse time E/F element set at 40% current setting & TMS 1.00

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 i. Check for the pick-up value of current by slowly increasing the current and ensure that
this is between 105 to 120% of the set value indicated by the steady glowing of the
E/F LED.

ii. Check for the operating times at current values of 2, 5, 10 and 20 times the set value
and note that the timings are within ± 5% of actual values.

Test 5 : Inverse time E/F element set at 40% current setting & TMS 0.5

i. Check for the operating times at current values of 2, 5, 10 and 20 times the set value
and note that the timings are within ± 5% of actual basis.

Test 6 : Inverse time E/F element set at 40% current setting & TMS 0.1

Similar to test 5 given above.

Test 7 : Instantaneous highset O/C element ( JRP 012 only)

i. Check for the pick-up value of current indicated by the glowing of the LED at 200%,
400%, 800% and 1600% of the set value and note that this is within ± 5% of actual
values.

Test 8 : Instantaneous highset E/F element ( JRP 022 only)

i. Check for the pick-up value of current indicated by the glowing of the LED at 50%,
100%, 200% and 40% of the set value and note that this is within ± 5% of actual
values.

Test 9 : Test at settings adopted in service

Now set the characteristic angle, settings of O/C, E/F, TMS O/C, TMS E/F, highset O/C and
highset E/F as per the requirement decided by the relay application. Press the ‘RESET’ push
button to enter these settings and carry out the testing at set values of O/C, E/F and highset and
record the readings. The following tests are recommended.

i. Pick up current test

ii. Operating time at 2, 5, 10 and 20 times the current setting

Note that the pick-up current is between 105 to 120% of setting current and that the operating
times at various multiples of setting current are within ± 5% limits of error. The operating times
at set TMS can be calculated from the table in Annexure II.

After completion of testing, the unit is put back into the case. Note the glowing of the ‘AUX.
SUPPLY’ LED and press the ‘RESET’ push button once. Put back the cover and ensure that the
four corner screws are properly tightened.

IV. DIRECTION CHECK ON LOAD

It is advisable to check that the directional relay is looking in the correct direction when put in
service. This check can be carried out by making use of the load current in the feeder which is
protected by the directional relay. The procedure for this test is as follows:

i. CT and VT polarities :

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Check the CT and VT polarities and ensure that the directional relays are connected to CTs and
VTs as per the connections shown in the application diagram no. CD/JRP 011/E/05 enclosed. For
directional O/C (phase fault) relays, the quadrate connection should be used i.e., for red phase
O/C relay, the current should be from the red phase and the voltage should be from yellow and
blue phases. Similarly, for the yellow phase O/C relay, current should be from the yellow phase
and the voltage should be from blue and red phases; and for the blue phase O/C relay, the
current should be from the blue phase and the voltage should be from red and yellow phases.

For directional E/F relay, the current coil should be connected in the residual circuit of the three
CTs and the voltage should bee given from the open delta tertiary winding of the VT. It is
necessary that the VT is either a 3 phase, five limb VT with open delta tertiary winding or 3 nos.
single phase VTs with tertiary windings.

ii. Directional O/C ( Phase fault ) relay :

a) Check the direction of the load current. If this is flowing in the directional in which the
directional O/C relay is looking, the directional unit of this relay would be in operated
position as indicated by the glowing of the LED marked ‘ DIRECTIONAL UNIT OPERATE ‘.

It is necessary that the load current is at lag power factor. If it is in lead power factory region, it
is necessary to know the exact power factory so that the position of the current vector with
reference to the operate / non-operate zone of the directional relay can be established correctly.

b) If the load current is flowing in the direction opposite to that of the directional relay, the
directional unit should be in the non-operated condition and the LED marked ‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT
OPERATE’ will not be glowing. Here again, the power factor of the load current should be
carefully noted.

b) The above directional check can be carried out for both R and B phase O/C relays. If 3
O/C relays are used, it can be carried out for the yellow phase relay also.

iv) Directional E/F relay :

As normally no current will be flowing in the residual circuit of the CTs, the relay will not get any
current under healthy load conditions. It is therefore necessary to simulate an earth fault
condition to check the direction of the directional E/F relay. The procedure for simulating an
earth fault condition is as follows :

a) Let us assume that we are simulating a red phase to earth fault condition.

b) Disconnect Y and B phase CTs and short them out. This will ensure that the load current
in the red phase flows through the current coil of the directional E/F relay whereas the
load current in the Y and B phases circulates within the CTs of those phases.

c) Disconnect the red phase VT on the primary side. This will given an output across the
open delta tertiary winding of the VT.

d) The above is equivalent to a red phase to earth fault condition. If the load current is
flowing in the direction in which the directional E/F relay is arranged to look, the
directional unit of the relay should now operate and the LED ‘DIRECTIONAL UNIT
OPERATE’ should glow. If the load current in the circuit is in the opposite direction, the
directional unit should remain un operated and the LED should not glow.

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 It is necessary to ensure that the power factor of the load current is lagging, or if it is leading,
the lead angle should be within the operating zone of the relay.

iv) Reverse current check :

If the load current in the system is having a lagging power factor and if it is flowing in the
direction in which the directional relays are looking, then a more positive check can also be made
by reversing the direction of the current in the current coils of the relays to check that the relays
remain inoperative when the current is in the opposite direction.

v) Restoring to normal :

After the load checks are made, the CT and VT connections should be restored to their normal
condition to correspond to the connections shown in the application diagram no.CD/JRP 011/E/05.

V. MAINTENANCE

The relay being fully static and software based without any moving parts does not require any
routine maintenance to ensure proper operation. It is sufficient to conduct calibration tests at
intervals of about 12 months. Note down all the set values of the relay before starting the
testing.

The procedure for carrying out the tests would be the same as given under ‘ Pre-commissioning
Tests’. After routine testing, the relay chassis should be put back into the case and the front
cover should be securely fixed. The ‘RESET’ push button should be pressed once to check that all
LEDs are glowing and also to ensure that the final settings have been entered in the relay.

ANNEXURE II

Table of operating times at TMS 1.00 at various multiples of setting current for the four different
inverse time characteristic curves

Multiples of 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20
current setting.
Operating time at
TMS 1.0
3 Secs. Normal 10.0 6.30 4.97 4.30 3.83 3.52 3.29 3.11 3.00 2.20
inverse
1.3 Secs. Normal 4.33 2.66 2.15 1.89 1.67 1.55 1.42 1.33 1.30 0.95
inverse
Very inverse 13.50 6.75 4.50 3.37 2.70 2.25 1.92 1.68 1.50 0.70
Extremely 26.66 10.00 5.33 3.33 2.28 1.66 1.26 1.00 0.80 0.20
inverse

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