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Proceedings of World Landslide Forum 3, 2‐6 June 2014, Beijing
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Proceedings of World Landslide Forum 3, 2‐6 June 2014, Beijing
Fig. 4 Examples of the three main type of forward prediction scenarios using the latest upscaled 5m DEM (June,
3 3 2
2008): (a) no breaching at the retention dam (V=12000 m , D=2000 kg/m , ξ=300 m/s , μ=10°, α=10°), (b) debris
breaches only at the lower channel (V=12000 m3, D=2000 kg/m3, ξ=100 m/s2, μ=8°, α=15°), and (c) breaching of the
3 3 2
flow at the dam and lower channel areas (V=12000 m , D=2000 kg/m , ξ=100 m/s , μ=5°, α=40°).
Fig. 5 The three general types of forward‐predicted scenarios using the original 1m DEM (June, 2008): (a) debris flow
3 3 2
breaching at the east channel bank (V=13000 m , D=1850 kg/m , ξ=100 m/s , μ=10°, α=30°), (b) breaching at both
3 3 2
sides of the channel (V=12000 m , D=1850 kg/m , ξ=100 m/s , μ=8°, α=30°), and (c) breaching at the retention dam
3 3 2
and lower channel (V=13000 m , D=1850 kg/m , ξ=100 m/s , μ=8°, α=40°).
A total of 50 forward‐prediction simulations were (3) breaching at the dam and lower channel area (Fig.
produced using the 1 m DEM due to time constraints of 5).
modelling in a 1 m resolution. A simulation averaged The 1m simulations give a very different view on
around 30 to 40 minutes compared to a 3 to 5 minute possible scenarios due to the more accurate depiction
simulation time in 5 m resolution. Similar to the 5m of the dam and channel geometry. The modelled debris
simulations, the 1m models were also categorized into flows are more confined, pushing the higher deposits
scenario types. Non‐breaching scenarios in 1m further downstream. The thicker deposits that stopped
resolution were less common than in the 5m at the upper basin in the 5m models are now located
simulations. Therefore, we defined the 1m scenarios near the retention dam in the 1m simulations. Breaches
into the following three types: (1) breaching at the east at the lower channel are much more subtle and follow
channel bank (2) breaching at both channel banks and better the topography, with higher deposits found near
Proceedings of World Landslide Forum 3, 2‐6 June 2014, Beijing
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H.Y. Hussin, R. Ciurean, S. Frigerio, P. Reichenbach, C. van Westen, T. Glade – Landslide Mitigation
Finally, many thanks go to Dr. Chiara Calligaris Berlin Heidelberg, pp 89‐113. doi:10.1007/978‐3‐540‐
(Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, 69970‐5_5
University of Trieste) for sharing her important Tropeano D, Turconi L, Sanna S (2004) Debris flows
experience on surveying and modelling of landslides in triggered by the 29 August 2003 cloudburst in Val
our study area. Canale, eastern Italian Alps. Proceedings of the 10th
Internationales Symposion InterPraevent 2004:121‐132
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