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SARATCHANDRA BOSE

LOK SABHASECRETAR
IAT
NEW DELH
I
DECEMBER 2004
9(3
)LARRD
IS(EE
)/2004

© 2004LOKSABHASECRETAR
IAT

Publi
shedund e
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e382o ftheRule
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8usines
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enthEdi
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,8 -88
,Okhla Indu
str
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a, Phas
e-I
I,N ew De
lhi -110020
 PREFACE

S
ara
tCh
and
raBo
sew
ason
eofth
eil
lus
triou
sson
sofcon
tempo
raryInd
ia
who h
a ds
trugg
ledtoa
c h
ievethegoa
loftheInd
iann
ationa
l
mov
emen
t, comp
let
eindependenc
e"und
ilu
tedandunde
fil
e d
",andthe
e
stab
lishm
ento
fas
trongandv
ibr
a n
tna
tiont
il
lhi
sla
stb
rea
th.Al
awy
ero
f
em
inen
ce,p
rol
ifi
cwr
ite
r,b
ril
lian
tor
ato
randatho
roughg
ent
lem
an,h
isw
as
on
eofth
est
irr
ingvo
iceth
ats
ti
llr
eve
rbe
rat
esinth
epo
li
tic
alho
rizono
f
B
eng
alandInd
ia.H
ewa
s no
ton
lyth
e e
lde
rbro
the
rofN
eta
jiSubh
asCh
and
ra
Bo
se,bu
twa
s th
efr
iend
,ph
ilo
soph
er,gu
ideandth
epr
inc
ipa
ldr
ivingfo
rce
,
who imm
e n
sely in
fluenc
e d and con
tribu
ted to N
eta
ji
's
a
ctiv
it
ies
.

Ag
rat
efu
lna
tionhonou
rs th
ememo
ryo
fSa
ratChand
ra Bo
se on
3D
ecemb
er 2004wh
en th
eHon
'bl
eVi
ce-P
res
iden
tofInd
ia,Sh
riBh
airon
S
inghSh
ekh
awa
twi
ll unv
eilh
ispo
rtr
aitinP
arl
iam
entHou
se.Tom
ark th
e
o
cca
sion
,th
eLokS
abh
aSe
cre
tar
iati
sbr
ing
ingou
tth
isbook
letcon
tain
ing
th
epro
fil
eofS
ara
tChand
raBo
seandsom
ese
lec
tpho
tog
raph
s.Th
epro
fil
e
i
sba
sedonpub
lish
edsou
rce
sre
lat
ingtoth
eli
feandt
ime
sofSh
riS
ara
t
Chand
ra Bu
se.

ea
W r
ede
eplyb
eho
ldentoth
eHon
'bl
eSp
eak
er,LokS
abh
a,Sh
riSomn
ath
Ch
att
erj
eefo
rhi
sben
igngu
idan
ceino
rgan
izingth
isfun
ction
.Wea
reth
ank
ful
to the Gove
rnm
e n
t o
f W
est B
e nga
l fo
r dona
ting the
po
rtr
aito
fSh
riS
ara
tCh
and
ra Bo
se,wh
ich h
asb
eenp
ain
tedbySh
riSubh
a
P
ras
ann
a.W
eal
soth
ankSm
t.K
rishn
a Bo
se, Ch
airp
erson
,Ne
taj
iRe
sea
rch
Bu
reau
, Ko
lka
ta (o
rprov
idingv
alu
abl
eli
ter
atu
reonSh
riS
ara
tCh
and
ra
Bo
se.

Th
ispub
lic
ationi
sahumb
let
ribu
tetoth
eindom
itab
lel
ead
erth
atSa
rat
Chand
ra Bo
sew
as.W
e hop
eitw
il
lbefoundu
sefu
landin
form
ativ
e bya
ll
.

G
.c
.MALHOTRA
S
ecr
eta
ry-Gen
era
l
N
ew D
elh
i Lok
Sabha
3D
ecemb
er2004

(
i)
 CONTENTS

PREFACE-
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j)

SARATCHANDRA BOSE A P
rof
ile

E
aryDays-
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AI
.awyro
e fEmin
enr
e--
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ra
Fo yi
nt0PoI
iti
cs-
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P
arto
fIn
ter
imGove
rnm
e nt-
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OntheD
ivi
siono
fInd
ia-
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P
arIne
rinN
etaj
isAe
' tiv
it
ies-
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OnR
egi
onaICoope
ration-
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AF
riendo
fth
ePoor-
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-10
On YouthPow
er-
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a
the
rDimen
sion
s--
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--11

D
eathandT
ribut
es-
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AP
ICTOR
IAL PROF
ILE-
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--14

e
ii
i)
SARATCHANDRA BOSE
-AP
rof
ile
-
 An i
llu
str
iou
svi
siona
ry,am
a no
fimm
e n
sed
ete
rmina
tion
,a f
irm
b
eli
eve
rinth
epr
inc
ipl
eso
fse
cul
ari
smandad
edi
cat
edwo
rke
rfo
rth
ecau
se
o
fcommonm
an,S
ara
tChand
ra Bo
sew
as anou
tst
a nd
ingsono
fmo
the
r
Ind
ia.A v
ers
ati
lep
ersona
li
typ
ass
iona
tef
reedomf
igh
ter
,po
li
tic
al
a
ctiv
ist
,so
cia
lwo
rke
r,p
rol
ifi
cwr
ite
randanem
inen
tlawy
er,h
ewag
ed a
r
elen
tle
ssb
att
leth
roughou
thi
sli
fefo
rth
ecau
seo
faf
reeandindependen
t
Ind
ia.S
ara
tBo
sew
as ana
ctiv
epo
li
tic
ala
ctiv
ist
,who h
ads
trugg
ledfo
rth
e
e
stab
lishm
e n
tofanega
li
tar
ianSOC
ie
ty,g
ett
ingr
ido
fBr
it
ish imp
eri
ali
sm
andu
she
ringinane
rawh
erep
eop
lef
roma
llw
alk
sofl
ifei
rre
spe
ctiveo
f
th
eirc
ast
e,c
reed
,re
lig
ion
,co
lou
rands
exen
joyequa
lst
atu
s.H
isl
ife
r
evo
lve
saroundth
esag
aofs
trugg
leands
acr
ifi
ce.Though N
eta
ji Subh
as
Chand
ra Bo
seo
ccup
iesap
redom
inan
tro
leinth
elong
-dr
awnh
isto
ryo
fou
r
f
reedoms
trugg
le,S
ara
t Bo
sea
lsop
layeda p
redom
inan
tro
lein
a
chi
l'v
ingth
ego
alo
fcomp
let
efr
eedom
.Inf
act
,Sa
ratBo
sep
lay
edadua
l
ro
leoneo
fhi
sst
rugg
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rfr
eedomandano
the
rofh
iswho
lehe
art
e d
suppo
rttoh
islov
ingyoung
erb
rothe
rSubh
asBo
se.

E
arl
yDay
s

S
ara
tChand
ra Bo
sew
as bo
rnon6S
ept
emb
er1889a
tKod
ali
avi
llag
ein
2
4Pa
rgan
asd
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al.H
ewa
s th
efou
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econdson
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thandP
rabhaba
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e v
i. H
ebe
longed toano
ldand
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ris
toc
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aya
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afam
ily
.Hi
sfa
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r,J
anak
ina
thBo
sew
as al
ead
ing
l
awy
era
tCu
tta
c k (O
ris
sa)
.Bo
se'
s fo
ref
ath
ersw
erea
ll known fo
rth
eir
in
tel
lec
t,b
rea
tho
fvi
sionande
ffi
cien
cyandh
adg
ain
edr
ecogn
it
ionf
romth
e
roy
alcou
rto
ftho
sed
ays
.

A
fte
r comp
let
ingm
atr
icu
lat
ion andsu
cce
ssfu
llyp
ass
ingth
een
tranc
e
exam
ina
tionon
lya
tth
eag
eoftw
elv
eandh
alf
,hejo
inedth
eRav
ensh
aw
Co
lleg
e,Cu
tta
ck(O
ris
sa)in1902
.Hep
ass
edF
.A.(
Int
erm
edi
ate
)andjo
ined
th
ePr
esid
encyCo
lleg
e.H
egr
a dua
tedf
romth
ePr
esid
encyCo
lleg
e,C
alcu
tta
andcomp
let
edh
ism
ast
ers inEng
lishl
ite
ratu
ref
romth
esam
ein
sti
tut
ionin
1909
.Inth
e s
amey
ear
,hem
arr
ied B
ivab
ati
,daugh
tero
fAk
shoy Kum
arD
ey
and5uba
laD
ey o
fPa
taldanga
.Sh
ewa
shi
sli
fe-
longcomp
anioninh
isjoy
s
andso
rrow
s.

S
ara
twa
s in
it
iat
edin
ton
ation
alandp
atr
iot
ica
ctiv
ityf
romh
ise
arly
s
tuden
tday
sway b
acka
round1905inth
emid
sto
fth
eag
ita
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ins
t
Lo
rdCu
rzon
'sp
art
it
ions
chem
eofB
eng
alandin
spi
redbyth
egen
era
tiono
f
leade
rsrep
resen
tedbyAsw
ini Kum
ar Du
ttandhiscon
tempora
rie
s.Asa
youngman hewou
ld ro
amaboutthes
tree
tsw
ith h
ispee
rssing
ingsong
s
som
eofwh
ich h
eus
edtor
eci
teinl
ate
rli
fe:

"L
e sontot
tu h
eba
tt
leofl
if
e,w
her
etheb
at
tl
e
d
rum
swi
llbea
t
,infu
sing
str
engt
hinou
rhea
rt
s".
"Mothe
rIn
dianowdown
trod
denhathne
edof
thee
,
aLordo
ftheUn
ive
rsecomeandg
iveuss
tre
ngth".
H
ewa
sat
tra
ctedtow
ard
sth
eInd
ianN
ation
al Cong
res
s wh
en h
ewa
s
on
lye
igh
teen
.Heh
a d th
eoppo
rtun
ity tow
atch th
epr
e-G
a ndh
ian
Cong
res
sle
ade
rsh
ipo
fbo
thmod
era
te andex
trem
istcomp
lex
ion
sasw
ella
s
thevio
l en
trevo
lutionarymovement th
ate
rup
tedinB
eng
alando
the
rpa
rts
ofIndiabefo
retheFi
rstWorld W
ar.

Alawy
ero
fem
inen
ce
Sa
ratBoser
ece
ivedB.L
.d eg
reefromth
eCalcu
ttaUnive
rsi
ty in1910and
en
rolleda
salawyerinCu
tta
ckwh e
r ehes
tar
tedhislega
lappren
ticesh
ipin
1911
-12
.Hi
s in
it
iall
ega
lca
ree
rwa
s qu
iteimp
res
siv
e.On
eac
coun
tha
sit
tha
thea rgu
edaW i
llcas
eagainsth
isfath
erandtheEng
lish judg
ew as so
impress
edwithSara
tth
atheencour
agedtheyoungm
an togotoEnglandto
beca
lledtotheb
ar.

H
estud
iedl
awinth
eLin
coln
'sInnandc
ameb
ackf
romEng
landin1914
.
Upon h
isre
turn
,heenro
lleda
ttheCa
lcutt
aHigh Cou
rtBa
randjo inedthe
chamberso
fSirNr
ipendraNath S
irca
r, ad
ist
ingui
shed b
arr
ist
e r
,w ho
b
ecam
ehi
"men
tor andf
riend
.

S
ara
two
rked v
eryh
arda
tpe
rfe
ctingh
isl
ega
lsk
il
lsandfo
llow
edh
is
f
a th
er,whowasrenown
edfo
rhismas
tery o
fcro
ss-
ex amina
tion.Thoughhe
hadoftencomp
lain
edwhi
leinEng
landofhisin
abi
litytoconcent
rate
,asan
adu
lt
,h isgr
e a
tpow ersofcon cen
tra
tion,disc
iplin
e ,inte
ll
igence,and
remarkab
lememory w
ere consp
icuousasse
tsinbuildinghispra
cticeand
r
eputat
ion
.Oneofhi
sjunio
rs,P.B
.Mukhe
rje
e,l a
terw
roteo fh
imthat".
..
..
.ev
en
wo
rk toh
imw
as anexp
res
siono
fli
fei
tse
lfandno
tme
rely th
eme
anso
f
e
arn
ingsub
sis
ten
ce"
.Hew
asn
eve
rfa
scin
atedabou
tfin
anc
ialsu
cce
ssand

2
d
idno
ttu
rnaw
aypoo
rli
tig
ant
s.H
e wo
rked inbo
thth
eciv
ilandc
rim
ina
l
f
ields an d wa
s i ng rea
t demand
. He w a
s am b
itiou
s, a
p
erf
ection
ist
,andcomb
ativ
e.Bu
thew
as no
tgr
eedyandh
eknewhowto
wo
rk w
ith
in th
eru
lesandcu
stom
softh
eba
r.H
is jun
ior
sde
scr
ibedh
ima
s
s
elf
-as
ser
tiv
eandy
etun
sel
fish
,ch
eer
fulandad
evo
tedf
riend
,bu
twi
th a
powe
rofsa
tir
eandrid
icul
ethatd
idno
tendea
rhimtoeve
ryoppon
ent
.From
theunsu
rey oungm an si
tt
i ngfo
rt h
eb ar inLondon
,h ebecame
reputedas'Bose-Sah
ib',on
eo fth
ep roudandab
lel
ead
ersamongth
e
Indi
an sa
ttheC
alcut
taH igh Cou
rtB
ar.

F
ora
yin
topo
li
tic
s

H
aving g
rownupinth
etu
rbu
len
ttim
eso
fea
rlytw
ent
iethc
entu
ryand
b
eingap
art
icip
antinth
epa
trio
ticup
surg
einh
isyou
th,S
ara
tBo
sew
asv
ery
mu
ch imp
res
sedbyth
enewl
ead
ersh
ipth
atw
as em
erg
ingund
erG
andh
ij
i
intheal
lIndiap
laneandunderD e
shbandhu Chit
tar
anj
an D
as inB
eng
al.
He jo
inedth
eIndianN
ation
al Cong
res
sin1918 .

H
e worked inc
los
eco-oper
ationwi
th Dr
.Bidh
anCh and
ra Roy
,Nalin
i
R
anjan Sa
rkar
,N irma
l Chandra Chund
er andTul
si Cha
ran Gosw
am i
,
knowna
sth
ehigf
ive
.Ind
eed
,th
e"B
igF
ive
"dom
ina
tedCong
res
s po
li
tic
s
and th
eaffa
irsof theCal
cutta Co
rpora
tion formany ye a
rs.With the
suppor
tofD eshbandhuC hit
taran
janD as,h ebe c
am e theMan ag
ing
Di
rec
toroftheFo
rw ardPubl
ish
ingLtd.
,which pub
lishedtheEngl
ishd a
ily
n
ewsp
ape
r,"Fo
rwa
rd"
.Itwa
s th
eof
fic
ialo
rgano
fth
eSw
ara
jyaP
artyand
S
aratCh
andra Bos
ew as on
eamongtheDi
rector
s su
cha s
,Mot
ila
lN eh
ru,
De
shbandhuC hi
ttar
a n
janD a
s,PrabhudayalHimats
inghk
aa ndTul
si
Ch
aranGo
swam
i. InAp
ril 1924
,heb
ecam
eAld
erm
ano
fth
eCo
rpo
rat
iono
f
C
alcu
tta andcon
tinu
edinth
atc
apa
cityt
il
l1932
.

He su
spend
edhi
spracti
cein1930a ttheca
llofMah
atm aGandhi tojo
in
th
en a
tiona
lmovemen
t. Conf
iding inhi
sf a
therrega
rdingh
isd e
cis
ionto
su
spendth
epr
act
iceh
ewro
te:

.
..
..
..1th
inki
tisex
trem
elyn
ece
ssa
ryth
atsom
eofu
sshou
ldfo
rth
enex
tfou
r
mon
thsd
evo
teou
rwho
let
imetoCong
res
swo
rk.
"".
..
..
Forth
efa
irn
ameo
f
B
eng
alwh
ichh
asb
eeninth
epa
stinth
efo
ref
ron
tofth
efigh
tii
tsn
ece
ssa
ry
th
atw
eshou
ldm
ake th
issm
alls
acr
ifi
ce.
"

3
 Su
chw
rit
ing
s sumuph
islov
efo
rBeng
alandInd
ia.I
twa
s ajun
ctu
reo
f
ou
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eedommovem
e n
t whenC
ivi
lDi
sobed
ienc
emovem
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t w
as
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ffe
ringfo
rwan
tufwho
let
imel
ead
ersandwo
rke
rs,a
sar
esu
lto
fla
rge
-
s
caI
ear
res
tso
fCong
res
smenth
roughou
tBeng
a1.S
ara
tBo
sep
rov
idedsound
l
ead
ersh
ip.H
isw
ife
,Biv
aba
ti
,wa
sal
soa
ctiv
elyinvo
lvedinh ingK
awk l
ladda
r
ands
ell
ing'Con
trab
and
Sal
t'f
romhou
setohou
se.Sh
ewa
sal
soo
rgan
izing
wom
e n andconduc
tingm
eet
ing
s a
the
r r
esidenc
e to rou
se
n
ation
ali
stf
ervou
ramongth
em.

Thoughh
ewa
s af
irmb
eli
eve
rofnon
-vio
len
ce,h
ehadsympa
thyfo
rth
e
r
evo
lut
ion
aryf
igh
ter
s(I
fth
efr
eedommov
emen
t.H
erend
eredf
rel
'se
rvi
ceto
th
eac
cus
eda
sde
fen
cecoun
selinth
eCh
it
tagongA
rmou
ry R
aidC
ase
. Inh
is
m
emo
irs
, An
ant
aSingh
,am
emb
ero
fCh
it
tagongA
rmou
ry R
aid whom h
e
d
efendeda
thi
str
ial
,wro
te, "H
e(S
ara
tBo
se)w
as af
riendo
fthe
r
evo
lut
ion
ari
esandth
egr
eat
estr
evo
lut
ion
aryo
fth
ema
ll"
.

On 1F
ebru
ary1932
,Sa
ratBo
sew
asa
rre
stedands
enttoS
eun
iJa
ilunde
r
R
egu
lat
ion I
IIo
f1818fo
rhi
ssymp
athyfo
rth
erevo
lut
ion
arym
emb
ers
. Th
e
A
cten
abl
edth
eBr
it
ishGov
ernm
entinInd
iatod
eta
inp
erson
sofs
tand
ingin
so
cia
landpub
licl
if
t'w
ithou
ttr
ialind
efin
ite
ly.B
yth
att
imeN
eta
jiw
asa
lre
ady
inth
esam
epr
ison
.Bo
thth
ebro
the
rsw
erel
ate
rtr
ans
fer
redtoJ
aba
lpu
rJa
il
.
Du
e toh
ispoo
rhe
alth
,Sa
ratw
ask
eptunde
rhou
se-
arr
esta
tGidhapaha
r,
Ku
rseong
. Du
ring h
isimp
risonm
ent
,heh
adw
aged ar
elen
tle
sss
trugg
lefo
r
th
erigh
tso
fpo
li
tic
alp
rison
ers
.Qu
ite al
arg
evo
lum
eofco
rre
spond
enc
e
p
ass
e db
etw
eenS
ara
t Bo
seandth
eGove
rno
r-G
ene
ralandth
eHom
e
D
epa
rtm
ento
fth
eGov
ernm
ento
fInd
iar
ela
tingtoth
eground
sandcond
it
ion
s
o
fde
ten
tion
.Al
though th
eGov
ernm
entwou
ld r
efu
setob
ringh
imtot
ria
lor
b
efo
reat
ribun
altoan
swe
rth
ech
arg
esag
ain
sth
im,th
eirspok
esm
enwou
ld
r
.\ak
esw
eep
inga
lleg
ation
sinth
eCen
tra
lAs
semb
ly o
fhi
sbe
ing'de
e p
ly
invo
lvedinth
ete
rro
ris
tmov
emen
t'
. Ad
ist
ingu
ish
edl
ead
erl
ikeS
ara
tBo
se,
who w
as th
eep
itom
eofc
ivi
liz
edno
rmsandupho
lde
rofth
ebe
stt
rad
it
ion
s
o
fBeng
ali cu
ltu
re,in
tel
lec
tandsoph
ist
ica
tionwou
ld h
ard
lysuppo
rtany
su
chcow
ard
lya
ct.Inas
trong
lywo
rded l
ett
ertoth
eBr
it
ishGov
ernm
enth
e
w
rot
e:

"
Iti
sofcou
rseop
entoyou
rGove
rnm
e n
t tog
etr
ido
fthe
irfu
tur
e
ob
lig
ation
s..
..
.bypu
tt
ingm
eupfo
rtr
ialb
efo
reth
e e
stab
lish
edCou
rtso
f

4
 th
elandandh
a v
ingm
econv
ict
e don ev
idenc
e .
..
..
1wou
ldinde
e d
w
elcom
e th
eadop
tiono
fsu
chacou
rse
.Itwou
ld en
abl
eme tov
ind
ica
te
my ch
ara
cte
randmy po
sit
ioninth
eleg
alp
ruf
ess
ionandinp
riva
teand
pub
licl
ifeanda
tth
esam
etim
etoexpo
sem
erc
ile
ssly th
efa
lse
,ga
rbl
ed
andsu
rrep
ti
tiou
srepo
rtso
fth
eC.
I.D
. andth
eirm
ise
rab
leb
ando
fsp
ies
,
in
form
ersando
the
rso
fth
atunho
lyf
rat
ern
ity.
..
."

Th
eBr
it
ish adm
ini
str
ationw
ass
tubbo
rnandd
id no
tre
spondtoh
is
l
ett
ersno
rpu
thimupfo
rtr
ialinth
ecou
rtso
flaw
.

Th
l'Commun
alAw
ard c
rt
'at
edd
iscon
ten
tmt
'ntamongal
arg
e s
ect
iono
f
Cong
res
smen inB
eng
al ando
the
rpa
rtso
fth
ecoun
try
.Th
isl
edtoth
e
fo
rma
tiono
fth
eNa
tion
ali
stP
artya
tth
t'in
it
iat
iveo
fMad
an Moh
an M
alav
iya
.
S
ara
tBo
se ando
the
rmemb
erso
fth
eNa
tion
ali
stP
artyw
eree
lec
tedtoth
e
C
l'n
tra
lLeg
isl
ativ
l'A
ssemb
ly in]9}4
.

In~pit(' o
fcun
tinuou
sdem
and
sonth
efloo
rofth
eHou
seandev
ena
fte
ra
p
ropo
salcond
emn
ingh
isa
rre
stw
asp
ass
edinth
eCen
tra
lLeg
isl
atu
re,th
e
adm
ini
str
ationw
as unw
il
lingtor
elt
'as
ehim
.Hew
as, how
eve
r,r
ele
ased
f
romth
eja
ilon2
6Ju
ly1935
.Af
terh
isr
ele
ase
,hew
ase
lec
tedP
res
iden
tof
B
t'ng
alP
rov
inc
ialCong
res
sComm
it
tee
.

Inth
e]937e
lec
tion
s,thl~ Cong
res
sbe
cam
eth
esing
lel
arg
estp
artyinth
e
B
eng
alL
egi
sla
tiv
eAs
semb
ly andS
ara
t Bo
sew
ase
lec
tedth
ele
a d
ero
f
CongT
l'
ssP
arl
iam
e n
taryP
arty
.H' b
l ecam
eam
emb
ero
fth
eCong
res
s
Wo
rking Comm
it
tee wh
en Subh
asChand
ra Bo
seb
ecam
eth
eCong
res
s
P
res
iden
tin193B
.Her
esign
edf
romth
e Cong
res
sPa
rtya
longw
ithNe
taj
iin
]939due tothe
ird
iff
erenc
esw
itho
the
rmembe
rso
ftheCong
res
s
Wo
rking Comm
it
tee
.

S
ara
twa
s ag
ainimp
rison
edin1941andsu
ffe
redind
iff
eren
tja
ilso
fth
e
coun
tryt
il
l1945
.Onh
isr
ele
asef
romth
epr
ison
,hew
asco
rdi
allyinv
itedby
th
eAl
l Ind
iaCong
res
sComm
it
teetoa
ttendi
tsm
eet
ing a
tBomb
ay. Inth
e
e
lec
tion
she
ldfo
rth
eProv
inc
ialandC
ent
ralL
egi
sla
tur
eheem
erg
eda
sth
e
un
lyandin
evi
tab
lel
ead
ero
fth
eCong
res
sPa
rtyinW
estB
eng
al.H
ewa
s
e
lec
tedl
eade
roftheCong
res
sPa
rtyintheC
e n
tra
lLeg
isl
ative
A
ssemb
lyin1946andb
ecam
eth
eLe
ade
rofOppo
sit
ion
.Hew
asa
lsoe
lec
ted
toth
e Con
sti
tuen
tAs
semb
ly inJu
ly1946
.

5
P
arto
fIn
ter
imGov
ernm
ent

Wh
en thed
ecisiontoformtheInt
erimGovernmen
tw a
st ak
enbyth e
Cong
res
sHigh Comm and
,S a
ratBo
sew a
s theL
e ad
eroftheOppos
it
ion in
th
eel
ect
edC
ent
ralL
egi
sla
tur
eofth
ecoun
try
.Hew
as no
tinv
itedtot
akea
l
ead
ingp
artini
tsfo
rma
tion
,no
ttosp
eako
fbe
inga
skedtofo
rmth
e
Governmentaswou
ld b eth
enorma
lcon s
ti
tut
iona
lpro
cedu
re.Itwa
salso
bel
ieved tha
ttheBri
tish V
ice
roy Wav
ell res
ist
edhi
s in
clus
ioninthe
Cab
in e
ttil
ltheve
ryend
.With thein
sisten
ceofP
and
itNeh
ru fo
robse
rving
thepropr
ietyofinc
lud
ingtheOppos
ition Le
ade
r,heh
eldthepor
tfo
lioof
Works
,M in
es andPower
.Hi
satt
entiontodet
aileds c
rut
inyandhisusu
al
thoroughn
essinth
ema
tte
rofadmin
istr
ationwas no
tp a
rti
cul
arlyw
elcome
toa
llh
iss
taf
f.H
ism
emb
ersh
ip o
fth
eIn
ter
imGov
ernm
entl
ast
edl
essth
an
twomonth
s. Ev
en du
ringth
isveryshor
tt e
rmino ff
icehewasgreatly
d
istu
rbedbywhathethough
twa
sr am p
a n
tcorrup
tioninadm
ini
str
ation.
H
isa
ttemp
tstoch
eckandcon
tro
lsu
chp
rac
tic
esm
adeh
im unpopu
lar
inc
ert
ainh
igh Gove
rnm
e n
tci
rcl
es.D
iff
erenc
esw
ith th
eCong
res
s
Work
ing Comm
itt
eeledtoh
isres
ignat
ionf
romth
eIn
ter
imGov
ernm
entand
subsequ
ent
lyf
romth
eCongres
sP ar
ty.

On th
eDiv
isiono
fInd
ia
Sa
ratChand
raB (
)sewas on
eo fthes
trongoppon
ent
so fthediv
isionof
anypar
tofIndia
,beitPun
jabo rWe
stB enga
lorthepa
rti
tionofIndiaand
Paki
stan in
totwoProv
inc
es. Wh
en theCong
ress Wo
rking Comm
it
tee
suppor
tedthed
ivi
sionofPun
jab,Sa
ratBos
ev eh
em en
tlyopp
()s
edi
t.He
cou
ldno
tac
cep
tth
atr
elig
ioncou
ldb
eth
eso
leb
asi
sfo
rsu
chad
ivi
sion
.In
th
iscon
tex
t,ina s
tat
emen
ttotheP
res
sre
lea
seda
tCa
lcu
tta on
15M
arch 1947
,hes
tat
ed:

"Tomy m
ind ad
ivi
sionofP
rovin
cesonth ere
lig
iou
sbasi
sisnosolu
tion
ofthecommuna
lprobl
em.Eveni fth
eProvin
ceswe
re tobesod
ivided,
H
indus andMu
slimsw i
llst
illh
avetoliv
esidebys
ideinth
emandthe
r
isko
fcommun alcon
fli
ctsw
il
lr em
ain
.Suppos
ingwediv
ideBeng
aland
Pun
jabonth
eba
siso
fre
lig
ion
,wh
atabou
tth
eMu
slim
s inW
est
ern B
eng
al
andtheH
indu
s inE
ast
ernB
e nga
lorabou
ttheMu
slim
s in
Ea
ste
rnPun
jabandtheH
indusandSikh
sinWest
ern Pun
jab
?Wh
at aga
in
i
sg o
ingtohappen tothemino
rityr e
lig
iousgroupsintheothe
r

6
 P
rov
inc
eso
fInd
ia?A
rew
ego
ingtoh
aveH
indu
,Mu
slim
,Sikh
,Buddh
ist
,
Chr
ist
ian
,P ars
eeando
the
rre
lig
iou
sst
ate
sorpo
cke
tsth
roughou
tth
e
coun
try.
..
..?
"

H
ewa
softh
eop
inionth
atc
rea
tiono
fsu
chr
elig
iou
sst
ate
sorpo
cke
ts
wou
ld r
esu
ltinr
isk
ingo
farm
edcommun
alcon
fli
ctso
rcl
ash
es.H
eadd
ed:

"Itwi
ll fu r
th e
ragg rav a
t eth ecommun alproblem ,andw il
lm akei t
s
s o
lutio nextrem e
lyd if
fi cu
lt,i fno ta ltogetherim possible.Ast h
e
populationofIndiaallov erth ecount ryiscompo si
t eincharacte
r,thissor
t
ofc omm unals egre gati ono rr eligio u
sq ua rant
in ei sn e
ither
desi
rab lenorf ea
sible
.W eh av etof indou taso lutionthatappliestothe
enti
recoun try
.Th eso lutionofth ecommun a
lprob leml iesul
tim a
telyin
socialju s
tice,and,sof araso urco llec
tivel i
f eiscon cerned,inan
emph a s
isonth epol
iticalande conom ica spec
tsandin teres
tsoflifeand
inth edivorceofr e
ligionf rompo li
ti csande conom i
cs.Wh e
therw ea re
Hinduso rMu s
lims, S ikhso rCh ristians, ourpo lit
icalande conomic
problem sandin te
restsar ethes am efo rallofus.InSo cia
lism,th er
efore
,
andina llitmeansl iesaso lut
iono fth isvexedcommun a
lp roblem.Any
divi
siono fthecountryo ro fth eprovin cesonr e
ligiousbasiswil
lno thelp
us inb r
in ginga b outam it y,n ot tos pe
a ko fu n
ity,w hic ht he
Congressh assolongstoodfo r
.An ov erhastysurgic a
lcurewil
l involveus
incon fus
ionandd isaster."

On thed
ivi
siono
fBeng
alh
ewa
sex
trem
elys
a ddenedby the
deve
lopm en
tsaroundth ecoun
trydur
ingthosedays
.H ehadexhort
edthe
peop
leo fEast andWest Beng
al no
ttobep awn sintheh andso
fthose
ins
tiga
tingrepr
i sa
lsinthenameofthesa
fetyofthemino
rity commun
ity
a
cro
ssth
ebo
rde
r.H
etu
rnedth
ema
sth
ere
alen
emi
eso
fso
cie
tyind
isgu
ise
.

Inon
eofh
iss
tat
emen
tstoth
ePr
esson11F
ebru
ary1950h
eapp
eal
ed:

"B
roth
erB
eng
ali
sofE
astandW
estB
eng
al,Iapp
ealtoyouinth
enam
eof
al
lthatissac
red,inthenameo
fBenga
l'
spast
,inth
enameofthe
comr
adeshiptha
twal
l andwi
llrem
ain
,inth
en am
eofhum
ani
ty,to
ab
jur
ethecu
lto
fvio
len
ce,tor
esto
resobr
ietyandsan
ityandre-
estab
lish
commun
alpeac
eandharmony.Do no
tlookD e
lhiway o
rK a
rachiway,
fo
rligh
twi
ll no
tcom
efromth
ere
.Begu
idedbyth
eligh
tth
ati
swi
thin
you
."

7
 To tha
tprob
lem
,heo
ffe
red aso
lut
iontha
tth
epeop
leo
fInd
iaand
P
aki
stanshou
lda
ccep
tEa
stB
eng
ala
sad
ist
inc
tands
e p
ara
teS
tat
e.E
ast
B
eng
al shou
ldjo
inth
eInd
ianUn
ion andtha
tth
epeop
leo
f Ind
iaand
P
aki
stanshou
ldb
ringp
res
sur
etob
earuponth
eirr
esp
ect
iveGov
ernm
ent
s
tob
ringi
tabou
tassoona
spo
ssib
le.S
ara
tBo
sen
eve
rmad
e anyd
ist
inc
tion
a
tanyt
imeo
fhi
sli
feb
etw
eenH
induo
rMu
slim inund
ividedB
eng
alo
rin
d
ividedB
eng
al. To h
im, th
epopu
lat
ioninbo
th th
eBeng
alsr
ema
insa
f,
compo
sit
einch
ara
cte
rasb
efo
re.

P
artn
erinN
eta
ji
'sa
ctiv
it
ies

S
ara
tCh
and
ra Bo
seh
adsh
aredanex
trao
rdina
ryr
ela
tion
shipw
ith h
is
young
erb
roth
erSubh
asChand
ra Bo
se.S
inc
ech
ildhoodSubh
asBo
sefound
h
isb
roth
erS
ara
tasth
epe
rsonw
ith whom h
ecou
ldsha
reh
isthough
tsand
d
rawin
spi
rat
ion
sfrom
.Wh
enev
er Subh
asBo
sef
elttounbu
rdenh
ish
l'a
rt,
S
ara
tBo
sew
asr
ead
ilyav
ail
abl
etol
endh
imsuppo
rt.S
ara
tBo
se, inf
act
.
m
a d
e impo
rtan
tcon
tribu
tion
stoN
eta
ji
'sa
ctiv
it
iesby shap
ingand
in
flu
enc
ingh
ism
ent
al andin
tel
lec
tua
ldev
elopm
entth
roughas
eri
eso
fle
tte
rs
h
ehadex
chang
edwh
iles
tudy
inginEng
land
,wh
en N
eta
jiw
as on
lyf
ift
et'n
y
ear
sold
.Itwa
sSa
ratBo
se,whoa
longw
ith h
isf
ath
erw
ant
ed Subh
asBo
se
togotoEng
landin1919tocomp
etefo
rth
eInd
ianC
ivi
lSe
rvi
ce(
ICS
)andi
t
w
as ag
ainS
ara
tBo
sewho
secon
sen
tandmo
ral andp
sycho
log
ica
lsuppo
rt
Subh
asBo
se sough
twh
en h
ere
sign
edf
romth
eICS
.Inon
eofh
isl
ettN
s,
N
eta
jiw
rot
etoh
isb
roth
er,"1r
eal
izeth
ati
twi
llr
equ
iremo
res
treng
tho
fmind
onyou
rpa
rttocon
sen
ttomy p
ropo
salth
anh
asb
eenr
equ
iredo
fme in
fo
rmu
lat
ingth
isp
ropo
sai
...
..
..
..
..

Inano
the
rle
tte
rNe
taj
imen
tion
ed:

"Th
emagnan
imou
ssp
iri
treve
aledinyou
rle
tte
rsh
astouchedm
e
p
rofound
ly.Iknowth
atth
atsp
iri
tiswo
rthyo
fyouanda
llth
atIsh
alls
ay
i
sth
atIamp
roudo
fyou
".

Th
est
reng
tho
fmind andm
a gnan
imi
tyo
fsp
iri
tth
eyoung
ers
ibl
ing
r
ecogn
izedinh
ise
lde
rbro
the
rwe
rein
strum
ent
alinb
ind
ingth
emtog
eth
er.
S
ara
tBo
sew
as mo
r'
! th
anab
rothe
randind
eedap
artne
rinpo
li
tic
s.

In1935
,wh
en asu
rgeoninV
ienn
aask
edN
eta
ji fo
ram
ess
ageb
efo
re
p
lac
ingh
imonth
eop~rating t
abl
efo
ram
ajo
rsu
rge
ry,h
esa
id:"
lov
etomy

8
coun
trym
en,d
ebt
stomy b
roth
erS
ara
t".Th
ese wo
rds ap
tlysumupth
e
r
ela
tion
shipb
etw
eenth
ebro
the
rsth
roughth
eirl
ive
sandth
econ
tribu
tion
s
S
ara
tBo
sem
ade toN
eta
ji
'sa
ctiv
it
ies
.

I
ffo
rth
eyoungandimp
etuou
sSubh
asBo
sef
reedomf
romB
rit
ish ru
le
w
asap
ass
ionandad
ream
,fo
rth
eeld
erandmo
rem
atu
reS
ara
tBo
se,i
twa
s
aqu
est
iono
fwo
rking s
tead
fas
tlyandun
comp
rom
ising
lytow
ard
sth
e
a
ccomp
lishm
ento
fth
ego
al.Wh
en th
etwob
roth
ersw
ere tog
eth
erth
erew
as
fu
sionandm
erg
ero
fth
epa
ssionandth
edr
eamonth
eon
ehandandd
ear
ly
h
eldp
rinc
ipl
esandb
eli
efs on theo
the
r.M
any a t
ime
,bo
ththe
b
rothe
rsu
sed toh
avep
rolong
ed a
rgum
e n
tandd
iscu
ssiononv
ari
e d
sub
jec
ts.Bu
tth
erew
as noroomfo
ranym
ajo
r con
fli
ctfo
rbo
tho
fth
emkn
ew
th
atev
enthoughth
eira
rea
sandn
atu
reo
fac
tiv
itym
igh
t no
tbeth
esam
eth
ey
w
erewo
rkingtow
ard
sth
esam
ego
al.I
fon
epe
rsons
eek
stos
erv
erevo
lut
ion
ary
end
s,h
emu
stf
indth
ene
ces
sarysuppo
rtwh
ereh
isid
eologyi
sno
ton
ly
a
ccep
ted and to
ler
ated bu
t a
re looked upon w
ith
symp
athy
.Th
isw
ascom
ingh
and
ilyf
rombo
thS
ara
tBo
seandh
isw
ife
. Sh
e
w
as invo
lvedr
ath
erd
eep
lya
fte
rth
ear
res
tandd
epo
rta
tiono
fSubh
asBo
se
toBu
rma inO
ctob
er 1924
.Bo
th S
ara
tBo
seandh
isw
ifew
ere th
epr
inc
ipa
l
d
riv
ingfo
rceandsuppo
rtsy
stemtoth
eac
tiv
it
ieso
fSubh
asBo
se.M
any
d
eci
sion
sandmov
eso
fSubh
asBo
sew
ere inf
actl
arg
elygu
idedbyS
ara
t
Bo
se. Fo
rin
stan
ce,h
ewa
s in
strum
ent
alinm
aking Subh
asBo
seac
and
ida
te
f
romNo
rthC
alcu
ttatoth
eBeng
alL
egi
sla
tiv
eCoun
cilin1926
.

On R
egiona
l Coop
era
tion
S
ara
t Bo
sew
as apo
li
tic
alr
eal
ist
.In1948
,heh
adadvo
cat
edfo
rth
e
fo
rma
tiono
far
egion
alo
rgan
iza
tioninSou
thA
sia
.Hew
aso
fth
evi
ewth
at
'non
-al
ignm
ent
'cou
ldno
tbeenougha
sth
eba
siso
fInd
ia'
sfo
reignpo
licy
.
H
e,th
ere
for
e,op
inedfo
rth
ees
tab
lishm
ento
faUn
ited N
ation
sofSou
thA
sia
(UNSA
)wh
ich wou
ld in
clud
eaCu
stom
s Un
ion andcommond
efen
ce
a
ll
ian
ceinth
ereg
ion
,ex
clud
ingm
il
ita
ry a
ll
ian
ceo
fmemb
er coun
tri
eso
fth
e
g
roupw
ith anyou
tsid
epow
ero
rpow
ersandth
eadop
tiono
fak
indo
f
'Mon
roe
Doc
trin
e'fo
rth
eInd
ianO
cean
.Th
epr
esen
tfo
rma
tiono
fSou
thA
sian
A
sso
cia
tiono
fReg
ion
alCoop
era
tion(SAARC
)cou
ldh
avev
eryw
elld
rawn
in
spi
rat
ionf
romS
ara
tBo
se'
scon
cep
tofUNSA
.

9
Af
riendo
fth
epoo
r

D
raw
ingin
spi
rat
ionf
romh
isf
ath
erJ
anak
ina
th,S
ara
tBo
sew
asinvo
lved
w
ith m
any ch
ari
tab
leactivi
tie
s.A f
reec
lin
icw a
s runn
ingathi
san c
est
ral
v
ill
age(Koda
lia
)which hi
sf a
the
rh ades
tabl
ished
.Aft
er thed
e a
thofhis
f
athe
r,Sa
ratBosecont
inu
edtof
inanceforth
eso
cia
lwe
lfa
rea c
tiv
it
ies
.H e
wa
sam an o
fkindne
ssandcomp
assionfromh
iss
tuden
tdaysandwasvery
s
ens
it
ivetoth
eprob
lem
sofn
eedyandpoo
rstud
ent
s.Ac
rowdo
fstud
ent
sof
v
ariou
sdi
scip
lin
esu
sedtog
ath
era
thi
sre
sid
enc
eonth
efi
rsttwoo
rth
ree
d
ayso
fev
erymon
th.

Wh
ile inp
rison
,inon
eofh
isl
ett
erstoth
eth
enB
rit
ish Gov
ernm
ent
,he
w
rot
e:

"
Ishou
lda
lsom
ent
ion th
atal
arg
enumb
ero
fpoo
rstuden
tsh
aveb
een
d
epend
entonm
e fo
rth
eirm
ain
ten
anc
e andedu
cat
ionev
erymon
th and
my no
rma
lexpend
itu
reontha
tac
coun
tva
ried b
etw
een R
s.300
/- to
Rs
.4 00
/-eve
rymonth
.D e
tail
so fth
eaboveexpendi
tureandalsoofthe
expend
itu
reincu
rredonaccoun
tofpub
licins
ti
tutionswh
ich d
ep end
ed
onm
ecanb
efu
rni
shed.
..
."Su
chw
ash
ish
ear
twh
ich w
asa
lway
sbe
ating
fo
rth
epoo
randn
eedy
.

On Y
outhPow
er

S
ara
tBo
sew
asa
lway
softh
evi
ewth
atth
eyou
thh
ast
rem
endou
spo
ten
tia
l
wi
thr egardtobui
ldinga mode
rnn a
tion
.T he
refore
,h ehadgrea
t
expe
cta
tion
sfromth
eyoutho
fthecoun
try
.Duringthetumul
tuou
sye
arso
f
ou
rna
tion
almov
emen
t,h
ewa
s on
eofth
earden
tsuppo
rte
rso
fth
eid
eao
f
inc
lus
ionoftheyou
thinth
est
rugg
letoc
arryi
tsm
ess
age toev
erynookand
co
rnerofourcoun
try
.

S
ara
tBosewasas
tri
ctd
isc
ipl
inar
ian.I
twa
sobviousfo
rhimtoexp
ectthe
s
am edis
cipl
inefromthey ou
tho fthecoun
try.Hew asalsooft h
e
opin
ionth a
tsomeformofmil
ita
ry tra
in ingises sen
tia
lform ain
tain
ing
di
s c
ipl
ine.Hea
lsomadeitc
leartha
tnon-violence(Ah imsa
)do e
snotcome
inconf
lic
twi
thdis
cip
lin
e.Hesaid
:"Non-violenc
ei snotfo
rth ew
eakl
ingnor
theind
isc
ipl
ined"
.Hecon
side
redyou
tha
sanin
teg
ralp
arto
fou
r
f
reedoms
trugg
le.H
ebe
liev
edth
atth
eadven
tur
eanden
ergyo
fth
eyou
th

10
shou
ldb
eha
rne
ssedbyth
eoldandexp
eri
enc
eds
ect
iontoa
chi
eveth
e
highe
stgoodofso
cie
ty.H
ea lway
sadmiredth eidea
lism
,cou
rageandth
e
unconqu
erab
leurgeoftheyou
th.Exho
rting theyou
th,heoncesa
idtha
t
w
ithou
t th
eimpu
lsetot
ran
sla
teid
easin
toa
ction
,al
lth
esimm
ering
int
ell
ectu
alandmo
rallif
eofyouth
,al
lit
stre
asu
reso
ffa
ithandhop
ewou
ld
becondemnedtom
ere id
leday
-dream
ing.

H
eadded
:

"Ouryou
thmustwakeup,abandonday-dream
ingfora
ctiv
ism,andfind
joyth
roughwo
rk. Ev
eryhea
lthyide
a l
istknow
sthatwha
tm at
ter
si snot
th
edi
spa
rityb
etw
eenon
e'sid
eal
sandth
ere
ali
ty,bu
tth
econ
sciou
sne
ss
tha
twea r
ewo rk
ing ince
ssan
tlyandtothebestofourpow
erfor
b
ring
ingourid
e a
lsn
eare
rtoful
film
ent
.Iapp
ealtoth
eyou
tho
fIndi
ato
we
lcome to
ila
sth ehero'
spo r
tioninl
ifeandb
ecom
ewo
rke
rs inth
e
nob
les
tandwides
ts en
s eofth
eword"
.

O
the
rDim
ens
ion
s

S
ara
tBo
sew
as anav
idbuy
erandr
ead
ero
fli
ter
atu
re,h
isto
ry,r
elig
ion
and po
li
tic
s.R
ead
ing g
aveh
im imm
ens
epl
easu
reandp
rov
ided an
oppo
rtun
itytounde
rst
a ndth
etr
a d
it
ion
sanda
ccomp
lishm
ent
softh
e
Br
it
ish ru
lerso
fIndi
a.He lov
edEngl
ishpoet
ry,hadasharpmemo
ry and
cont
inuedtore
adandre
cit
epo e
tryth
roughou
thisl
ife
.Fam
ili
ari
tyw
ith th
e
g
reattrad
it
ion so
ftheEng
lish he
lped h
imtop er
fecthi
sl ingui
sticand
o
rato
ric
alsk
il
ls.Th
eli
ter
atu
retaugh
tinP
resid
encyCo
lleg
ein c
ludedChauce
r,
M
il
ton
, Sh
ake
spe
are
,th
eRom
ant
icpo
etsandth
eVi
cto
rian
s. Th
ewr
it
ing
sof
T
enny
son
,Arno
ld,andThom
asH
ardya
lsoen
rich
edh
isthough
tpro
ces
sin
asub
stan
tia
lmann
er.H
ewa
sal
sofondo
fBe
rna
rdSh
aw,H
.G.W
eHs
,Fr
anc
is
W
eHm
an andW
aIt
erB
ageho
t.

H
ewa
s an
atu
relov
erandw
asv
eryfondo
fth
emoun
tain
s.H
e wou
ld
u
suaHytakeh
isva
cat
ionwi
th theen
tir
efam
ilyatsomehi
llst
ation
.He
w
()u
ld a
lsoof
teninc
ludeh
isp a
rent
sinthepar
ty.Al
though hechos
e
d
iff
eren
thi
llr
eso
rtsf
romt
imetot
ime
,hepu
rch
asedahou
seonth
ehi
lls
,at
Ku
rseong inD
arj
eel
ingd
ist
ric
t.Th
eho
lid
ayhom
ewa
satar
ath
ers
eclud
ed
spo
tonth
ehighw
aytoD
arj
eel
ingcomm
and
ingam
agn
ifi
cien
tvi
ewo
fth
e
p
lain
sandth
eriv
erv
all
eysb
elow
.

1
1
 H
ewa
s anou
tst
and
ingjou
rna
lis
tandw
asa
sso
cia
tedw
ith N
ewsp
ape
rs
su
cha s'Fo
rward
'and'Liber
ty'
.Tow
ardsth
eendofh
isca
reer
,hestar
ted
'Nat
ion'
,wh
ich w
asc a
rryinghi
spol
it
ica
lidea
stoth
ema
sses
.H e tou
red
m
any coun
tri
eso
fEu
rop
eandA
sia
.

S
ara
t Bo
sew
as ap
ersonwho lov
edh
isf
ami
ly,p
aren
ts,w
ifeand
ch
ild
rend
ear
ly,who
seh
ear
twen
t ou
ttoa
llinn
eedandwho
sep
atr
iot
ism
w
aso
fst
erl
inggo
ld.H
ewa
sabovea
lla love
rofhum
a n
ity
. Inh
is
human
ism,hewentfarbeyondfamily
,c omm un
ityandnat
iona
l
l
imi
tat
ion
sandd
reamedo
fa'n ewwo
rldism
'basE
.
'donanewre
lig
iono
f
m
an.W
ith d
edi
cat
ionandcomm
itm
enth
ewo
rked t
ire
les
slyw
ithcomp
let
e
non
-at
tachm
e n
t fo
rther
eal
iza
tiono
fhi
shighide
als'
comp
lE.
'te
ind
epend
encE
."t
il
lheb
rea
thedh
isl
ast
.

D
eathandT
ribu
tes

S
ara
tBo
sed
iedo
fah
ear
tat
tackon2
0Feb
rua
ry1950
,ha
lfanhou
raf
terh
e
p
ennedhisla
stwr
ite up
,attheag
eof61
.Hebelongstoaga
laxyofeminen
t
pe
rson
s,whothena
tionwil
lalwaysr
emembe
rwith r
ever
enceandgr
ati
tude
.
R
ich t
ribu
tesw
erep
aidtoh
imonh
isd
emi
se.App
rec
iat
ing h
iss
tunn
ing
qu
a l
it
iesandr
ichcon
tribu
tion
stoth
ena
tion
,Pand
itJ
awah
arl
alN
ehru
, th
e
thenPr
imeMin
ist
ersaid:

"M
ayI
,Si
r,w
ith you
rpe
rmi
ssion
,re
fertoth
epa
ssingaw
ayy
est
erd
ayo
fa
r
enown
edM
emb
ero
fth
isHou
seandon
ewho p
lay
edanob
lep
artinth
e
s
trugg
lefo
rfr
eedominth
iscoun
tryIr
efe
rtoSh
riS
ara
tCh
and
raBo
se.A
m
embe
r o
fa v
eryd
ist
ingu
ished f
ami
lyanda l
awye
rof
em
inen
ce,h
eoc
cup
iedth
ehigh
estpo
sit
ioninth
eorg
ani
sat
ion
seng
aged
inth
est
rugg
lefo
rfr
eedom
.Hew
as am
emb
ero
fth
eCong
res
sWo
rking
Commi
tte
eforsomeye
ars
.Heb e
cam eam
emb e
rofthi
sHouseandwa
s
cho
senasth
eL ead
eroftheCongr
esspartyinth
isHous
e.L a
terhe
b
ecam
eam
emb
ero
fth
ein
ter
imGov
ernm
entwh
ich c
amein
toex
ist
enc
ein
.L
1946 a
ter
,onth
epol
it
ica
lplane,hepart
edcompanywi
th someofu
s
andw a
s oneo
fours
evere
stc
rit
ics.Bu
t wheth
erh
ew as ac
rit
ico
rnot
,
wh
ich h
ehadev
eryr
igh
ttob
e,h
eha
spl
ayedanem
inen
tro
leinth
e
st
ruggl
eforfr
eedomanditi
sama
tte
r forso
rrowfo rusthataneminen
t
Indi
anshou
ldp a
ssaway
.Atanytimeth
atwould h
av ebeenam a
tte
r fo
r
so
rrowfo
rus
; bu
t'
,atth
epr
esen
ttim
e,mo
ree
spe
cia
llywh
en g
rim

12
 t
rag
edyf
ace
susinB
eng
alandwh
en th
evo
iceo
fcon
trov
ersyshou
ldb
e
hushed befo
r ethist
ragedy
,bothactua
landpoten
tia
l,itisagrea
t
su
r rowandr egr
ettha
taneminen
tsonofB
eng
alandofInd
iashou
ldp
ass
away..
..
..
..
"

"
..
..
...
.Iwuu
ld l
ikeyou
,Sir
,andIamqu
itesu
retheHousewi
llagre
ewi
th
me toconv
eytheregre
tofth
isHou
seandthecondol
enceofth
isHou
se
toth
ememb
erso
fth
efam
ilyo
fSh
riS
ara
tCh
and
ra Bo
se.
"

P
ayingt
ribu
testoth
edep
art
edl
ead
er,G
.V.M
ava
lank
ar, th
eth
enSp
eak
er,
LokS
abh
asa
id:

"
Ias
soc
iat
emy
sel
f en
tir
elyw
ith wh
ath
asf
all
enf
romth
elip
softh
eLe
ade
r
o
fth eHou
se. Ihadth
epriv
ilegeofclo
seper
sona
lconta
ctwi
th thela
te
Sa
ratChandra Bu
sedur
ingth epc
riudofh
isleade
rsh
ipuftheCong
res
s
P
arty inth
eCen
tra
lAs
semb
ly andu
fhi
sMemb
ersh
ip o
fth
eIn
ter
im
Gov
ernm
ent
.Wea
llb
emo
anh
islu
ssandou
rsymp
ath
iesn
atu
ral
lygoto
h
isw
idow
, son
sandd
augh
ter
s'·
.

13
 AP
ICTOR
IAL PROF
ILE
-
---
- -_
._-
---
-.
.._
--- -
---
--.
..
.- .
.-
-
.--
---
---
"_._
-
W
ith w
if B
ivab
ati
,soona
fte
rma
rri
a g
e (1909
)
As alaws
tud
entinEng
land (1913
)
S
ara
tBo
sew
ith p
aren
tsando
the
rmemb
erso
fth
efam
ily

Th
eBo
seHou
sea
tOr
iyaba
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ck(O
ris
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ara
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ra 80ew
ith h
isf
ami
lyinc
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ra Bo
se

J
anak
ina
th(
fath
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,Biv
aba
ti(w
ife
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asandS
ara
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ara
tBo
s w
ith h
isw
ife andch
ild
rena
tGidhapaha
r,Ku
r cong,
D
arj
eling(1926
)
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ara
tBo
sew
ith w
ifeB
ivab
atiin
Sw
itz
erl
and(1948
)
 F
ami
lyG
roupPho
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idow o
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ra60 e
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ile
(
stand
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econdf
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isd
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ter(An
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F
ami
lyG
rouppho
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ith E
amond
eVa
ler
a, th
eth
(Dub
lin
)(1948
)
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ara
tBo
s w
ith sonS
isi
r60einI
taly
,1948
N
ewsp
ape
rcl
ipp
ingr
epo
rtingth
ear
res
tofS
ara
tBo
se(1932
)
Du
ring E
lec
tionC
amp
aignw
ith J
awaha
rla
l h
ru(1937
)

Bo
seB
rothe
r S
ara
tandSubha
Add
res
sing apub
licm
eet
ing On h
i If
t,B
eng
alCong
res
sLe
ade
rTu
lsi
C
.Go
swam
i (1938
)

A
t th
efl
agho
itingc
eremonyo
fth
eHa
ripu
ra ss
siono
fInd
ianN
ation
al
ong
res
s(1938
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 ar
atBo s
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res Wo rking Comm ittee(J93)
(
HareK ru.hnaMahtab
, J a
iram DasD aula
tram,P a
ttabh
i i taramyya
,
Subhas Chandr
a Bos
e (P r
esident)
,J aw
a h
arlalN eh
ru,V al
labhbhaiP atel
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Abu
lK alamAzad,J .
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ipa
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ounda
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Mahaja
tiS adan"byR abi
n d
raN
ath
Tagor
ea tCalcutta
.Sara
tB oe eat
e donthegroundb tw en
RabindranathTagor andSubha h andraBos (1939
)
W
Ith M
aha
tmaG
a ndh
iandM
a h
a d
e bD eaiatS
ara
tBo
se'
sre
sidenc
ein
Ca
lcut
ta (1939
)
W
ith ai
lingbro
the
rSubha
sonw ay toTr
ipur
itoattendCongr
essse
ssion
a
fterSubhaswase
lec
tedPre
sid
entd e
feat
ingPa
ttabhiSi
taramyy
a(1939)

N
ewsp
ape
rcl
ipp
ingr
epo
rtingth
ear
res
tofS
ara
tCh
and
ra Bo
sein
D
ecemb
er1941
 Pub
licr
ecep
tiona
tCa
lcu
ttaa
fte
rhi
sre
lea
sein1945

W
ith w
ifeB
ivab
ati
,son
s,d
augh
t e
rs,daugh
ter
-in
-lawandson
s-inl
aw
(1945
)
 On w
ay toth
edi
asa
tapub
licm
eet
ing inC
alcu
ttaw
ith S
arda
r
P
ate
l,andP
a nd
it eh
ru(1945
)

A
tapub
licm
eet
ing w
ith P
and
itN
ehru inC
alcu
ttab
efo
ream
eet
ing o
f
Cong
res
sWo
rking Comm
it
te (1945
)
A
t am
eet
ing o
fthe[ ARe
lie
f ommi tt
eew
ith G
eneralShah aw azKh
an
andCol
.P .S
.K ehga
lo fINAandJawaha
rla
lN eh
ru (1946
)
,
..
..
..
..
---
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................

W
ith UAungSan
,r evolu
tion
aryleade
randthefir
stPrimeMin
ist
ero
f
independen
tBurma inY
angon (Rangoon)(1946
)
A
fte
r th
esw
ear
ing
-ino
fMin
ist
erso
fIn
ter
imGov
ernm
ent (F
romLtoR
)
J
awaha
rla
lNeh
ru, Sy
edA
liZ
ahe
er,R
ajend
raP
ras'
ad,S
ara
tBos
e,
V
all
abhbh
aiP
ate
l(1946
)

F
irs
tCab
ine
tMe
eti
ngo
fIn
ter
imGov
ernm
ent(1946
)
W
ith M
aha
tmaG
andh
ionap
acemi
siona
tNo
akh
alia
fte
rerup
tiono
f
commun
alv
iol
enc
einB
eng
al(1946
)

W
ith M
ahatmaG andhia tS odepu
rA sr
am (W etB eng
al).A
lsointh
e
p
ictu
r ,Saty
aR anjan Bak h
i,Dr.Su hilaNaya
r and
Prof.Nirmal KumarB ose(1947)
Th
ela
stpub
liem
eet
ing (1949
)