Module 4.

Dances

Dance, the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space, for the
purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement
itself.

Intended Learning Outcomes

1. Define and identify different kinds of dance
2. Execute at least one folkdance known in the Philippines

Values Integration
“For Bodily exercise profits a little, but godliness is profitable for all things.”
- 1 Timothy 4:8

Input:
Dance is a rhythmic and expressive movement of the body in successive movement usually
accompanied by music. It has been said to be the mother of arts, for it’s the oldest of the art which
actually reflects man’s age old need to communicate different emotion such as joy, grief, excitement
and others. Dance simply started as man’s own life for almost all occasions, in whatever aspects, as
birth, death, healing of the sick, asking for forgiveness, war, marriage – were celebrated by dancing.
There are dances that express thankfulness for a good harvest, in celebration of religious festivities, or
just a mere pleasurable expression of the body. It uniquely intensifies different moods and emotions
that somehow deepen everybody’s feelings.

It involves a successive group of motions and steps rhythmically performed and time to music. The
beginning of music has been traced to the dance. For these reasons it has been called mother of the
arts.

A dance may tell a story, set a mood, or express an emotion. A form of recreation and provide fun,
relaxation, and companionship.

REASONS WHY DO PEOPLE DANCE

 It has been used in worship

 It plays a role in courtship
 It serves as a form of acquaintance for a man and woman
 It is an expression of the joy one feels
 As in old times, it brings magical powers to people
 It brings victory or somehow restores health to life
 It even breaks the monotony of the daily activities
 It serves to entertain others
 It gives beauty and inspiration to others
 It provides personal and effectiveness of communication
ELEMENTS OF DANCE

1. Space – special awareness is very important towards dance. You have to be able to manage your
space so the audience is able to see you, to be aware on where you are while dancing. If you’re
dancing with a partner, you have to make sure you never bump into each other, unless if you
need to do that on purpose. The audience will also be curious whether you stay in one spot to
dance or move around the stage.
2. Energy – you need energy while dancing to make your performance look enthusiastic. Make
sure you DO NOT practice too much before your performance, because you’ll get too tired. As a
result, your performance will not look natural and your movements will be sloppy.
3. Dynamics – the dynamics of dance are also equally important to make a good dance. Dynamics
in music mean loud and soft, but in dance they mean how you move, the style you move in. So
for example dynamics would be if you move freely or you’re in a war and you’re moving very
tensely and worryingly.

PRINCIPLES OF DANCE

A. Movements – the body moves while dancing. It does hand movements, actions, leg movements,
etc. to express feelings and sometimes tells a story.
B. Time and Contrast – you have to make sure you have proper timing while dancing. This is
because you won’t make your audience really bored. You also need to be in rhythm with the
music if you’re dancing with music. Speed in your movements also matters because you should
have a bit of contrast in your dance- moving slower or faster.
C. Emotions – many dances have a purpose of showing emotions. The emotions show what
feelings you have, which is pretty obvious. You don’t speak in dance though, show showing your
emotions during your dance movements is vital.
D. Balance – you need to have good balance when you’re dancing. This is because you don’t want
to embarrass yourself in front your audience by tripping and falling all over the place.

FEATURE OF DANCE

1. Music – it is closely related to dance for it plays a significant role in it. It is used as
accompaniment that somehow motivates the dancer’s movement.
2. Movement – it refers to action of dances with the use of their bodies to create organized
patterns.
3. Technique – it refers to the skill in executing movement. As a dancer, one needs to have a
complete control over the muscles of his body for him to be said technically proficient.
4. Design – it refers to the arrangement of movement according to pattern in time (either fast or
slow) and space (one’s position in relation to his background).
5. Properties and Costume – these contribute to the visual effect of dance. The costumes can
somehow relate closely to the beliefs and environment of people.

KINDS OF DANCE
A. ETHNOLOGICAL DANCE – dance which is native to specific race or ethnic group. This is a dance
that is indigenous to a certain race or country. The term ethnic is used to distinguish dances, and
design as hymns of praise to a god, or to bring on good fortune in peace and war. They are
symbolic in meaning that can’t be understood easily by persons who don’t belong to the ethnic
group.

-Folkdance – associated with national and cultural groups. Ex. Square dance, the Irish and Polka.

FILIPINO FOLK DANCE

Filipino folk dances are diverse and varied with a long cultural history. Their history includes the
coming of Roman Catholicism through the Spanish, and many of the early folk dances were
influenced by these Spaniards. However, each dance type retains its own unique culture and
style in addition to the Spanish influences.

1. TINIKLING – is our national dance. All attired in native apparel, the balintawak and barong
tagalog, imitating the movement of ‘tikling’ birds.

2. ALCAMFOR – is a dance that suggests the exotic aroma of scented kerchiefs with which the
ladies tease the gentlemen.
3. BANGA – these clay pots are balanced on the head of Igorot women.

4. BILAAN – depicts the lively, simple movements of birds.

5. ITIK – ITIK – is a Philippine native dance interpreting the playfulness of duckling wading in the
river.
6. JOTA CAVITEÑA – shows strong Spanish influence
7. PANDANGGO SA SAMBALILO – is a flirtatious dance from Bulacan. It shows a barrio swain and
his lady love play and dance.

8. SAYAW ED TAPEW NA BANGKO – a couple “showing off” their skills while dancing on top of long
narrow bench.
9. SINGKIL – is a famous dance from Mindanao. The Princess, the Prince, and their retinue, in a
pose of the Singkil.

10. THE IFUGAO DANCE – depicts a Mountain of the Philippines dancing to the sound of the
“gangsa” (brass gong).
TINIKLING – best known and most popular dance in the Philippines. Tinikling is the country’s
national dance. To perform Tinikling, two dancers beat, tap, and slide bamboo poles on the
ground. The bamboo serves as both a percussion instrument and a part of the dance itself.
Tinikling can be tricky because both primary dancers must move quickly to avoid getting a foot
caught by the fast- moving poles.

SINGLE TINIKLING DANCE

At the start of this dance, the poles are placed on the left sides of two dancers. They have the
left foot lead.

Do these steps outside the bamboo poles:

1. Hop on your right foot.
2. Hop another time on the right foot.

Perform these steps between both poles:

3. Step on the left foot.

4. Step on the right foot

Do these steps outside the poles:

5. Hop on the left outside the pools.

6. Hop again on the left foot outside both poles.

Return to between the poles for these steps:

7. Step on your right foot.

8. Step on your left foot.
Doubles Tinikling Dance

For the foot work for these Tinikling steps, both dancers should start to the right side by the
bamboo poles.

Do these steps outside the bamboo poles:

1. Hop on both feet
2. Hop another hop on both feet.

Hop between the poles for these steps:

3. Hop on both feet.

4. Do another hop using both feet.

Straddle the poles as you jump outside them for these steps:

5. Hop on both feet.

6. Again, hop on both feet.

Go between the poles again to finish the dance:

7. Hop on both feet.

8. Do another hop on both feet.

ITIK – ITIK – the Itik-itik is sometimes described as humans making the motions of a duck, so feel
free to improvise along with these basic steps.
1. Step to your left and raise your left arm up in a flowing motion.
2. Step to your right and raise your right arm up in a flowing motion.
 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 seven times.
4. Step forward and bring your hands into your chest, bending your elbows and making sure to
point your hands inward. Repeat seven times.

5. Step in a circle as you sway your arms to the right, then to the left.
6. Raise your arm and step hop to the left.
7. Raise your arm and step hop to the right.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 five times.
9. Sway to the right, then to the left. Repeat six times.
10. Repeat all steps three times.

MAGLALATIK
Maglalatik is danced to mimic the early battle against Christian and Moros to win coconut meat or
“latik” during the time of Spanish colonization. This is also performed to pay homage to the town saint
of Biñan, Laguna – San Isidro Labrador. This dance is divided into four parts baligtaran, palipasan, paseo
and escaramusa. This is performed by all-male dancers who wear blue pants to represent the Christians
and red pants for the Moros. All dancers, however, have coconut shells mounted on their body parts.
Here are steps of Maglalatik dance:

1. 6 8-counts jogging to get to place

2. 4 steps forward while pounding chest
3. 4 basic clap cycles in place
4. 4 basic clap cycles to get to two rows
5. 8 quick clap cycles to do the ripple effect
6. 8 quick clap cycles to circle around partner
7. Circle up 2 8-counts + 1 4-count for first clap
Clap after 1 8-count 3x finishing clap
8. 8 high – low clap cycles to move to position
9. 8 cycles of 6 hit clapping
10. 16 counts for tricks with clapping in the background
11. 4 basic to get to two sides
12. 8 quick clap cycles for the battle
13. 4 quick clap cycles to get to end after last clap POSE
B. SOCIAL OR BALLROOM
Dances – are a popular type of dancing generally performed by pairs. (popular dancing)
Ex. Waltz, foxtrot, swing, and the old favorite as the cha-cha, boogie, tango as well as the latest
rock dances.

TANGO

Tango Basic is made of five steps taken to 8 counts of music. The rhythm is slow, slow, quick,
quick, slow. The slow steps consume two beats of music and the quick steps one.  Tango music is
usually written in 4/4 time (but also in 2/4 time) and played at a tempo of 30-33 measures per
minute.
Basic Steps for Men Basic Steps for Women

Basic steps for men

1. Step forward with your left foot

2. Step forward with your right foot passing the left foot
3. Step forward again with your left foot this time passing the right foot
4. Step forward and to the right with your right foot
5. Left foot close to right foot

Basic Steps for Women

1. Step back with your right foot

2. Step back with your left foot passing the right foot
3. Step back again with your right foot this time passing the left foot
4. Step back and to the left with your left foot
5. Right foot close to left foot

CHA- CHA

The Cha-cha Slide is a type of line dance that was choreographed by a Chicago DJ called Mr. C. You may
also recognize him as DJ Casper. The steps were written originally as part of a workout set for a fitness
chain, but have become popular in regular partner dance circles and now they are taught regularly at
clubs and dance studios. The song typically calls out exactly what you need to be doing, which makes it
simple. What's even better is that these steps are easy and fun to learn, so get ready to move on the
dance floor as though you own it! Here's how it works.

Cha-cha steps:

Grapevine
1. Step to the side with your left foot.
2. Cross your right foot over the left and step down.
 3. Step to the side with the left foot again.
4. Cross the right foot behind the left and step down.
5. Step out with the left foot.
6. Bring the right foot in. Touch right beside left.

Take It Back Now

1. Step backwards with your left foot.
2. Step backwards with your right foot.
3. Step backwards with your left foot.
4. Bring your right foot to meet your left.

One, Two, Three, Hop This Time

1. Jump forward with your feet together.
2. Repeat as many times as the caller specifies.

Stomping
1. Making a dramatic movement with your whole body, stomp your right or left foot as the
instructor calls.
2. As you move, incorporate jazz hands or other arm movements.

Jazz Square
1. Cross your right foot over your left foot.
2. Uncross your legs by stepping onto your left foot.
3. Step to the right with your right foot.
4. Step in front of you with your left foot.

Turning Grapevine
1. Adjust your body to the left.
2. Step out on your right side with your right foot.
3. Cross your left foot over the right one.
4. Step out on your right side with your right foot.
5. Close your left foot on the left side of your right foot.

Miscellaneous Steps

You will hear some miscellaneous dance steps as the caller continues in the song. Some will be as simple
as clapping hands, and some will be more complex but simple enough to catch on to with observation
and practice. Try out the following steps and incorporate them into your performances of the Cha Cha
Slide:
  Clap your hands to the beat of the song.
 Hop once using both feet.
 Turn a quarter turn, so you are now facing to the left of where you started. This step requires
using a modified grapevine, using the leg crossing to help you move in to the turn.
 Jump and cross your legs and immediately jump back to your starting position, called the "criss
cross."
 Bend over and put your hands on your knees.
 Practice how well you can "freeze" when you're mid-dance.
 If the lyrics ask, "How low can you go?" dip down to the floor and then bring your body back up.
 When the lyrics tell you to "reverse," some dancers do a 180-degree turn, some do a complete
turn or spin in place, and some simply slide in the opposite direction.
 Do the Charlie Brown by jumping forward on one leg and then back on the other, kicking the
front knee up as you jump back.

WALTZ
Waltz is an elegant, nearly universal dance, perfect for weddings, or almost any social occasion. It's not
as hard to learn as most people think.
Waltz dates back to the late 17th century Europe, but has never really been out of fashion and clearly
stood the test of time. It should probably be one of the first ballroom dances you learn.

It is a smooth and graceful dance with long, flowing movements, characterized by rise & fall motion. It
has a unique 3/4 timing and a simple rhythmic pattern which blends with the music. You can start
waltzing very quickly by just learning the simple box step.

Basic Steps:
The basic step for waltz is a box step. It's named after a pattern it creates on the floor (box or square)
and forms the foundation of the dance.

A box step can be divided into two parts - a forward half box and a backward half box. Each half box has
three steps - a step forward or backward, a step to the side, and a step to close the feet together.

The leader starts with the left foot and executes a forward half box, followed by a backward half box.
The follower performs the opposite – she starts with the right foot and executes a backward half box,
followed by a forward half box.

The basic box step pattern uses three counts - slow, quick, quick, which is repeated twice to create the
box step. Timing is 1,2,3,1,2,3 or 1,2,3,4,5,6.
Men's Steps:

1. Step forward with the left foot

2. Right foot step sideways to the right
3. Bring your left foot next to your right foot
4. Step back with the right foot
5. Step back sideways with the left foot
6. Bring your right foot next to your left foot

Lady's Steps:
1. Step back with the right foot
2. Left foot step sideways to the left
3. Bring your right foot next to your left foot
4. Step forward with the left foot
5. Step forward sideways with the right foot
6. Bring your left foot next to your right foot

FOXTROT
Foxtrot is a smooth, elegant, easy to learn dance, very popular at wide variety of social events, including
wedding receptions. It's one of the most beautiful ballroom dances characterized by long, flowing
movements.
Foxtrot is named after its originator, Harry Fox, who was a Vaudeville performer in New York in the
1910s. Because he was having a hard time finding female dancers capable of performing the difficult
two-step, he added trotting steps to ragtime music. People soon referred to his dance as Fox's Trot.
Basic steps:
The basic elements of foxtrot are walking steps and side steps. The long walking movements also involve
a rise & fall action, which is similar to waltz, although more subtle. The basic box step is also similar
to waltz steps – the main difference being timing (foxtrot is 4/4, waltz is 3/4). If you already know how
to waltz, then learning foxtrot will be just a matter of rhythm.

The basic rhythm is slow, slow, quick, quick. The slow steps use 2 beats of music and the quick steps use
one. The slow steps are long and elegant, and the quick steps are short and energetic. As already
mentioned, the music is played in 4/4 timing.

Foxtrot is danced in a normal closed position, which means facing your partner and holding them close.

Basic Steps - Gentleman

Basic forward

1. Step forward with your left foot (slow step)

2. Step forward with your right foot (slow step)
3. Sidestep to the left with your left foot (quick step)
4. Move your right foot to your left foot (quick step)

Basic backward

5. Step backward with your left foot (slow step)

6. Step backward with your right foot (slow step)
7. Sidestep to the left with your left foot (quick step)
8. Move your right foot to your left foot (quick step)

Basic Steps – Lady

Basic forward

1. Step backward with your right foot (slow step)

2. Step backward with your left foot (slow step)
3. Sidestep to the right with your right foot (quick step)
4. Move your left foot to your right foot (quick step)

Basic backward

5. Step forward with your right foot (slow step)

6. Step forward with your left foot (slow step)
7. Sidestep to the right with your right foot (quick step)
8. Move your left foot to your right foot (quick step)
 C. THEATRICAL or SPECTACULAR DANCE – this type of dance is so called because it is performed
for the entertainment of spectators.
Theatrical dancing includes the Ballet, Modern Dance, Musical comedy dances, and tap dancing.
1. Ballet – formalized type of dance which has its origin in the royal courts of the Middle Ages. It is
often shown in the Cultural Center of the Philippines. The term “ballet” refers to a series of solo
and concerted dances in which poses and steps and combined with light flowing figures.

2. Modern Dance – characterized as natural and free. Also called expressional dance.

APPLICATION TASK

Activity 1. Pair Activity

Direction: Student will look for his/her partner and perform the steps of different Ballroom Dance with
the use of rubrics. Look for some videos in the internet to understand more the steps. Send your videos
through messenger or gmail.

Tango , Cha cha, Waltz, Foxtrot

 LEVEL 0
LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2
Emerging
  Sufficient Base Headed for Mastery
Understanding
2 pts 3 pts
1 pts

Rhythm/Tempo LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2

The The The
Ability to stay in time with the individual/pair/group individual/pair/group individual/pair/group
dance, and the music to an attempts to keep a shows a basic is extremely accurate
extent. rhythm, but gets off understanding of in showing basic
beat and speeds up tempo and beat, but understanding of
or falls behind often. on occasion falls tempo and beat.
Steps are not in behind and/or Never falters on their
rhythm at all. speeds up in places steps.
or makes errors in
rhythm.

Knowledge LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2

movement/choreography
Not Yet: Posture was Almost: Posture was Yes! Demonstrates
lacking, hands were pretty good, excellent knowledge
not placed in the positioning was fairly of the choreography
Ability to execute the
right spots, and steps accurate, and the with accuracy. The
movements. Correct placement
were off. steps were pretty student is extremely
of hands, feet, legs.
close. prepared and knows
the routine.

Execution of Steps LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2

Student almost never Student mostly Student executes all
Ability to execute the required executes steps correctly executes steps.
dance moves. correctly; gets steps correctly.
confused easily. Students can easily
recover if there is a
misstep. Can get Executes 5 - all steps
Executes 2 or fewer confused with a few successfully.
steps successfully. moves.

Executes 3 - 5 steps
successfully.

Shows Energy/Focus LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2

Individual/Pair/group Some energy and Individual/Pair/group
Focused and intent on is not serious. focus is shown demonstrates high
performing for the entirety of Looking around throughout the level of energy and
the dance and connecting with showing little interest performance. focus throughout the
the music instead of going in performing. performance.
through the motion.

Level and Space LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2

Uses little of the Uses one or two Uses various
Ability to utilize the space. space possible. pathways and pathways in their
patterns in their dance movements.
dance. Incorporates well-
 defined patterns in
their dance
composition.

Activity 2. Individual Activity

Direction: Prepare two dolls. One wearing folkdance attire and the other Ballroom dance attire. Have a
photo while preparing the costume for doll and send the documentation and output through messenger
or gmail.

100-90 89-80 79-70 69-60

 
(N/A) (N/A) (N/A) (N/A)

Creativity 100-90 89-80 79-70 69-60

Costumes have rich, Costumes use Costumes are somewhat Costumes are
attractive patterns that are fairly attractive unappealing to the eye. unattractive and
both pleasing to the eye. patterns. messy

Appropriate for 100-90 89-80 79-70 69-60

characters
Costumes fit perfectly to a Costumes mostly Costumes fit the characters Costumes did not fit
doll. fit to a doll. somewhat, but there are on the dolls.
some misses.

For inquiries contact me through messenger : JENNIFER JASON MASCARDO

Gmail : jasonjennifer168@gmail.com