热堆肥

 通过回收再利用有机物质而模仿自然的一个过程
 把分解和回收的有机物质作为肥料和土壤调理剂
 可以在菜园/花园中施用
 可以用来提高土壤的质量，有助于农作物的生长
 制作堆肥的基础：碳，氮，氧，水
 材料: 大量碳资材与少量氮资材（碳氮比例 –
25:1 至 30:1 较合适）
 工具:柴刀、草叉、手套、铲子

热堆肥的益处
 将有机物还回到土壤中  能在短时间内完成（3~4 周内）
 减少菜园/花园对化学肥料的需求  减少填埋垃圾所需要的空间
 减少垃圾回收的成本  消除病原体（疾病）
 节约钱财

ADD MATERIAL
绿料/ 绿色物质 褐料/ 棕色物质
(含氮量高物质，潮湿) (含碳量高物质，干燥) 不宜使用
 可以加速腐烂，但比例过高  有大量孔隙，可吸附水份和 的材料
时容易有恶臭 气体分子

 新鲜菜叶  撕碎的報紙或紙板  猫狗粪便

 果皮  枯枝枯叶  肉类、鱼类、油脂、骨
 豆类植物  干草 头、脂肪、乳酪
 尿液  木屑  非有机物，如锡、玻璃和
 动物粪便  稻桿 塑胶
 青草（没有结籽的）  碎蛋壳  侵入性杂草
 茶叶和茶包  蛋盒  大量松叶或胶树叶
 咖啡渣  粗度大的木质材料（大于
手指的）
 感染病虫害的植物（如枯
萎病）
 竹子、亚麻和甘蓝树叶

制作热堆肥步骤
 步骤 Step1： 步骤 Step2：
准备堆肥箱 将所有材料分层堆叠
可使用多种不同材料，包括细铁丝网、木 以碳 - 氮 - 碳 - 氮 - 碳 的顺序将所有
材、胶合板、砖块和混凝土砖等 资材堆叠成直径 1 米或高 1.5 米
让堆肥箱坐放在土壤上，堆肥的最小尺寸 每层的厚度不宜超过 5-10 厘米
是 0.76 到 1 立方米，体积不大于 5 立方米 每增加新的一层都要用水充分浇湿
可採用黑塑胶布或麻袋作为衬垫，对温度 肥料堆最上端应有覆盖物，如塑胶盖、地
和湿度加以控制 毯、防水布等

步骤 Step3： 步骤 Step4：
维护堆肥 定期整理堆肥
把各种材料分层混合好，均匀接触，避免 每周翻动一次或者两周翻动一次，清除堆
形成大的团块 肥里的杂质，直至堆肥完全腐熟
堆肥需要升温至摄氏 60°C 到 70°C。 尝试从内到外，从上到下地翻动及打散堆
请不时检查堆肥的中心部分是否加热（在 肥。
触及时应感到暖意） 如果对堆肥维护得当并经常翻动，可在短
堆肥需要氧气–进行翻动和混合以利于通 至 6-8 周内完成。如果从不翻动的话，则
风和加快分解速度。 将需要 12-18 个月才能腐熟
每一至两周翻动一次会有所帮助 当堆肥转为无臭味的深色疏松物质，即可
供使用

 备注：
选择温暖的，有遮盖的地点
褐料和绿料的比例要适当（20：1 至 30：1 之间）
避免添加缓慢腐烂的物质
撕碎厚重的材料帮助它们更快地分解
如果堆肥看起来很干，加水或潮湿的绿色物质
如果堆肥看起来太潮湿，加干燥的棕色物质

HOT COMPOST
 Composting is a method of recycling naturally decomposing matter
 Recyling organic materials (waste products) to a soil conditioner (the compost)
 Rich in nutrients
 Used for gardens, landscaping, horticulture, urban agriculture and organic farming.
 Constructed with a balance of nitrogen-rich and carbon-rich materials
 As a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, addition of vital humus or humic acids, and as a natural
pesticide for soil
 Ingredients, size of the pile, local weather conditions, and maintenance habits affect the
outcome
 3 components of composting: human management, aerobic conditions, development of
internal biological heat.
 4 equally important ingredients: Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Water
 Takes a bit of skill and monitoring.

BENEFITS OF HOT COMPOSTING

 Enriches soil  Reducing volume of trash
 Helps to balance moisture levels  Lowers carbon footprint
 Suppress plant diseases and pests  Grow healthy plants
 Reduces the need for chemical fertilizers  Speed up the process (3~4weeks)

ADD MATERIAL
GREEN BROWNS
 Materials that are high in
 Materials that are high in WHAT TO AVOID
nitrogen are typically
carbon are typically dry
moist

 Grass clippings  Leaves  Diseased plants

 Coffee grounds and filters  Straw  Weeds with seeds or
 Fruit and vegetables waste  Sawdust roots
 Egg shells  Newspaper  Dog or cat feces
 Manure from herbivores (do  Yard waste  Toxic chemicals
not use if an animal is sick)  Paperboard (break into small  Charcoal briquettes
 Tea bags pieces)  Fats, oils, and grease
 Hair and feathers  Dried grasses  Meat scraps, bones,
 Grains  Wood ash and cheese
 shredded paper  Treated logs

HOW TO COMPOST
Step1： Step2：
PREPARE A COMPOST BIN BUILD THE COMPOST HEAP
 An open pile or a compost bin
Keep the bin 4 feet or lower (easy access
for turning)
Choose a location which is flat, well-
drained and sunny.
Step3：
MAINTAIN YOUR COMPOST BIN
Materials should be as wet as a rung-out
sponge
Add dry materials or water whichever is
needed (to reach moisture level)
Mix or turn the compost once a week to
help the breakdown process and eliminate
odour.
TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL COMPOSTING
 Choosing a location that is not in the full sun or underneath
 Two parts browns to one-part green
 Chop larger materials
 Maintain the moisture
 Add green material if compost is too dry
 Add brown material if compost is too wet
 Keep meat and any leftovers with oil and dairy out of your compost bi
Carbon to Nitrogen ratio 30:1
Build the heap in layers alternating
between green and brown waste
At least a cubic meter to get the required
temperature
Step4：
MAINTAIN HIGH TEMPERATURE
Keep turn the heap over with a garden
fork every week or twice a week
Move fresh material from the outside to
the inside
The whole process can be completed in
3~4 weeks.
Finished compost will be dark, crumbly
and smell like earth.