ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

22-B, 2nd Floor, Adivay Bldg., Bonifacio St., Baguio City

call or text: 0920-928-6369; facebook: acersenggrvwcentrbaguio@gmail.com

MATHEMATICS, SURVEYING 3. If a chord is selected at random on a fixed circle, what is the

& TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING – PART II probability that its length exceeds the radius of the circle? (Hint:
Assume that the midpoint of the chord is evenly distributed over the
circle.) (CE MAY 2018)
1. In a common carnival game, a player tosses a penny from a distance
A. 1/4 B. 3/4
of about 5 feet onto the surface of a table ruled in 1-inch squares. If
the penny (3/4 inch in diameter) falls entirely inside a square, the C. 1/3 D. 2/3
player gets his penny back. Otherwise, he loses his penny. If the
penny lands on the table, determine the player’s chance of winning. SOLUTION:
(CE MAY 2017) Assume that the midpoint of the chord is evenly distributed over
A. 1/4 B. 1/8 the circle.
C. 1/16 D. 1/32 The probability that a random chord exceeds the radius of the
circle is the area of the inscribed circle in a regular hexagon
SOLUTION: divided by the area of the circumscribed circle about the same
regular hexagon.
The probability that the coin will be inside the 1-inch square is
the probability that the coin’s center falls into the small shaded
square as shown in the figure:

r
cos30 
R
For r (coin’s radius): r  Rcos30
1 3  3
r     inch  Rcos30 
2
Aincircle r 2
2 4 8 P  
A circumcircle R 2
R 2
For x (side of shaded square): 3
3 3 P
 x 1 4
8 8
1 ANSWER: B. 3/4
x  inch
4
4. If a chord is selected at random on a fixed circle, what is the
Probability of winning:
probability that its length exceeds the radius of the circle? (Hint:
area of shaded square
P Assume that the distance of the chord from the center of the circle is
area of 1-inch square uniformly distributed.)
2 A. B.
 1 3 2 2 3
2  
  2 
x 4 1 C. 2 3 D. 3 2
P
12 1 16
SOLUTION:
ANSWER: C. 1/16 Assume that the distance of the chord from the center of the
circle is uniformly distributed.
2. If a stick is broken in two at random, what is the average length of the The probability that a random chord exceeds the radius of the
smaller piece? (CE MAY 2018) circle is the radius of the inscribed circle in a regular hexagon
A. 1/5 B. 1/4 (distance of chord from center) divided by the radius of the
C. 1/6 D. 1/3 circumscribed circle about the same regular hexagon.

SOLUTION:
If breaking point is in the left half:

1/2


1
Lleft  xdx 
0 8
If breaking point is in the right half: r
cos30 
R
r  Rcos30
rincircle Rcos30
P 
Rcircumcircle R
1 3

1
Lright  1  x  dx  P  cos30 
2
1/2 8

ANSWER: A. 3 2
Average length of smaller piece:
Laverage  Lleft  Lright 5. If a chord is selected at random on a fixed circle, what is the
1 1 probability that its length exceeds the radius of the circle? (Hint:
Laverage   Assume that the end points of the chord are uniformly distributed over
8 8 the circumference of the circle.)
1
Laverage  A. 1/4 B. 3/4
4 C. 1/3 D. 2/3

ANSWER: B. 1/4

CIVIL ENGINEERING – FOCUS REVIEW – PART II 2019 MDSD ☺

CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

SOLUTION:  3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7
Assume that the end points of the chord are uniformly distributed  5(4  H or D or C or S) = 20 cards
over the circumference of the circle. Desire = 20C2
If one end of the chord is at A, then the other end must be on arc Total = 52C2
BC. The probability that a random chord exceeds the radius of Desire 20C2
P 
the circle is the arc BC divided by the arc of the whole circle. Total 52C2
95
P
663

ANSWER: C. 95/663

10. A batch of electronic parts contains 16 that are within power tolerance
and 4 that are not. If 3 electronic parts are selected at random from
the batch, without replacement, determine the probability that all three
are within power tolerance. (CE NOV 2015)
A. 1/285 B. 1/140
C. 25/37 D. 28/57

arcBC SOLUTION:
P
arc circle
16(within power tolerance) + 4(not within power tolerance) = 20
4  60  electronic parts
P
360 Select 3 electronic parts without replacement:
4 2
P   16  15  14  16C3
6 3 P  3PT       
 20  19  18  20C3
ANSWER: D. 2/3 P  3PT   28 57

6. Eleven books consisting of five engineering books, four mathematics ANSWER: D. 28/57
books, and two physics books are arranged in a shelf at random.
Determine the probability that books of each kind are arranged 11. According to statistics, 30% of smokers want to quit smoking. In a
together? (CE MAY 2018) random sample of 12 smokers, determine the probability that the
A. 1/2551 B. 1/1155 number of those who want to quit smoking is exactly 6. (CE NOV
C. 1/6930 D. 1/3468 2015)
A. 0.4925 B. 0.0792
SOLUTION: C. 0.1178 D. 0.0961

3! 5! 4! 2! SOLUTION:

P
11! P1  30%  0.30  want to quit smoking
1
P P2  1  0.30  0.70  do not want to quit smoking
1155
n  12
ANSWER: B. 1/1155 r6

7. A box contains 100 bolts, 24 of which are brass, 36 are copper, and
P  nCr P1 
r
P2 nr
40 are steel. If one bolt is drawn at random, retained, and a second P  12C6  0.30 
6
 0.70 126
bolt similarly drawn, determine the probability that both bolts are steel.
(CE MAY 2014) P  0.07925
A. 0.160 B. 0.158
C. 0.127 D. 0.056 ANSWER: B. 0.0792

12. From the given distribution shown in the table, determine the
SOLUTION:
mathematical expectation.
 40  39  40C2
P  40S       x 2 3 11
 100  99  100C2 f(x) 1/3 1/2 1/6
26
P  40S    0.1576 A. 1 B. 4
165
C. 8 D. 12
ANSWER: B. 0.158
SOLUTION:
8. A purse has thirty-six 10-peso coins, twenty 5-peso coins, and twenty- Mathematical Expectation:
nine 1-peso coins. Three coins are drawn in succession without  1  1  1
replacement. Find the probability that the three are 1-peso coins.  
E   x f  x   2    3    11 
3 2 6
A. 0.0370 B. 0.0237
E4
C. 0.0719 D. 0.0151
ANSWER: B. 4
SOLUTION: 13. The number of working days lost due to accidents in a factory in the
36(10-peso) + 20(5-pes0) + 29(1-peso) = 85 coins 12-month period is listed as follows: {6, 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 1, 3, 5, 9, 2, 9}.
st
Determine the 1 quartile value. (CE MAY 2015)
Pick 3(1-peso) coins (without replacement):
A. 1 B. 2
C 261
P  3(1-peso)  29 3  C. 3.5 D. 6.5
C
85 3 7055
P  3(1-peso)  0.0.036995 SOLUTION:
Arrange the data in ascending order:
ANSWER: A. 0.0370 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 9, 9
st
9. Two cards are drawn in succession from a deck without replacement. 1 quartile or median of lower half:
What is the probability that both cards drawn are greater than 2 but 1st quartile  average of 3rd and 4th data
less than 8? 22
A. 93/663 B. 94/663 1st quartile  2
2
C. 95/663 D. 96/663
nd
2 quartile or median:
SOLUTION: median  2nd quartile  average of 6 th and 7 th data
From a deck of 52 cards  draw 2 cards: 34
median   3.5
 2 < both cards < 8 2

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

rd 17. An initial savings deposit of ₱80,000 in a certain bank earns 6%

3 quartile or median of upper half:
interest compounded monthly. If the earnings are subjected to a 20%
3rd quartile  average of 8th and 9th data tax, what would the net value of the deposit be after three quarters?
66 A. ₱82,000.00 B. ₱83,940.57
3rd quartile  6
2 C. ₱82,938.28 D. ₱83,938.27
ANSWER: B. 2 SOLUTION:
14. The mean duration of television commercials on a given network is 75 Gross Amount after three quarters:
Fgross  P 1  i 
seconds, with a standard deviation of 20 seconds. Assume that the n
duration time are normally distributed, find the approximate probability
that a commercial will last lesser than 35 seconds. 3 3
 0.06 
A. 0.02275 B. 0.02555 Fgross  80000  1  
 12 
C. 0.03525 D. 0.03725
Fgross  83672.8463
SOLUTION: Gross Interest earned:
Mode 3 1 Igross  Fgross  P
X Igross  83672.8463  80000
1 75 + 20 = 95 Igross  3672.8463
2 75 – 20 = 55
Net interest earned after deducting 20% tax:
3
AC
Inet  Igross  0.20 Igross  
Shift 1 5 1: P( Inet  0.80  3672.8463 
Shift 1 5 4: ►t Inet  2938.2771
P(35►t)
Net Amount:
0.02275 Fnet  P  Inet
Fnet  80000  2938.2771
ANSWER: A. 0.02275
Fnet  82938.2771
15. A manufacturer estimates that 0.25% of his output of a component is
defective. The components are marketed in packets of 200. ANSWER: C. ₱82938.28
Determine the probability of a packet containing only 2 defective
components using Poisson’s Distribution. (CE NOV 2015) 18. At what nominal rate compounded quarterly will the money double
A. 0.0126 B. 0.0159 after five years?
C. 0.0607 D. 0.0758 A. 12.95% B. 15.67%
C. 14.11% D. 13.33%
SOLUTION:
Poisson’s Distribution: SOLUTION:

k e F  2P
P
F  P 1  i 
k! n

Where: 5 4
 = average number of events in a specified interval  j
2P  P  1  
.25  4
  200  0.5 j  0.1411
100
k = actual number of successes that occur in the specified j  14.11%
interval
k=2 ANSWER: C. 14.11%
0.52  e0.5
P 19. Compute the interest for a principal of ₱200,000 for a period of 8
2! years if it was made at 16% compounded continuously.
P  0.07582 A. ₱492,348.62 B. ₱519,327.95
ANSWER: D. 0.0758 C. ₱364,941.60 D. ₱298,498.62

16. A manufacturer estimates that 0.25% of his output of a component is SOLUTION:

defective. The components are marketed in packets of 200.
 
n
Determine the probability of a packet containing less than 3 defective F  P ei
components using Poisson’s Distribution.
 
8
A. 0.9856 B. 0.8659 F  200000 e0.16
C. 0.6985 D. 0.5968
F  719327.9451
SOLUTION: I  FP
Poisson’s Distribution: I  719327.9451  200000
k e I  519327.9451
P
k! ANSWER: B. ₱519,327.95
Where:
 = average number of events in a specified interval 20. Equal end of year deposits in an account earn a nominal interest of
.25 6% compounded continuously. At the end of what year will the
  200  0.5 compound amount factor be 8.440988177?
100
k = actual number of successes that occur in the specified A. 6 B. 7
interval C. 8 D. 9
k = less than 3 = 0, 1, 2
SOLUTION:
2  0.5k  e0.5 
P  
k!
 F ein  1
 i
k 0  
A e 1
0.50  e0.5 0.51  e0.5 0.52  e0.5
P   e0.06n  1
0! 1! 2! 8.440988177 
e0.06  1
P  0.9856
n  7 years
ANSWER: A. 0.9856 ANSWER: B. 7

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

21. For an ordinary annuity earning at an annual rate of “r” percent, SOLUTION:
compounded continuously, the compound factor at the end of 6 years
FC = 100000
is 8.039283337. What is the value of “r”?
SV = 20000
A. 9 B. 10
n = 10 years
C. 11 D. 12 i = 10%
BVr = ? (r = 7 years)
SOLUTION:
Sinking fund method of depreciation:
F ern  1
 Depreciation charge:
A er  1  1  i n  1
e   1 Dn  FC  SV  d  
r 6
8.039283337   i 
er  1  
r  0.11  11%  1  0.10 10  1
100000  20000  d  
ANSWER: C. 11  0.10 
 
d  5019.6316
22. A businessman was told that he can enjoy 3 years of 12% compound
interest and 7 years of 12% simple interest if he will invest his money Accumulated depreciation after 7 years:
in a span of 10 years. If he agreed with the condition, what will be the  1  ir  1
accumulated amount of his money if initially he invested ₱5000000 Dr  d  
and wants to receive the maximum lump sum?  i 
 
A. ₱28625331.8 B. ₱1292533.8
 1  0.10 7  1
C. ₱2862533.2 D. ₱12925337.6
Dr  5019.6316  
 0.10 
SOLUTION:
 
Dr  47622.1033
F  5000000 1  0.12 1  0.12  7 
3
Book value after 7 years:
compound simple BVr  FC  Dr
F  12925337.6 BV7  FC  D7
ANSWER: ₱12925337.6 BV7  52377.8976

23. A man inherited a regular endowment of ₱100,000 every end of 3 ANSWER: C. ₱52,377.9
months for x years. However, he may choose to get a single lump
sum of ₱3,702,939.8 at the end of 4 years. If the rate of interest was 26. An equipment costs ₱1.2 million. At the end of its economic life of 5
14% compounded quarterly, what is the value of x? years, its salvage value is ₱300,000. Using Sum of Years Digit
rd
A. 13 B. 12 method of depreciation, determine its book value at the end of the 3
C. 11 D. 10 year. (CE MAY 2015, CE MAY 2018)
A. ₱360,000 B. ₱480,000
SOLUTION: C. ₱540,000 D. ₱720,000

 0.14 
4x  SOLUTION:
 1    1 4 x  4 
100,000  
4    3,702,939.8  1  0.14  Mode 3 3
  

0.14
  4 
 4  X Y
 
1 0 1,200,000
x  10 years
2 5 300,000
ANSWER: D. 10 years 3 6 300,000

24. An engineer is thinking of starting a part-time consulting business next

AC
th
Sept 5, on his 40 birthday. He expects the business will require an Shift 1 5 6: ŷ
initial cash outlay of $5000, to come from his savings, and will cost
$500 per year to operate; the business ought to generate $2000 per 3 ŷ
year in cash receipts. During the 20 years that he expects to operate
the business, he plans to deposit the annual net proceeds in a bank 480,000
each year, at an interest rate of 8% per year, compounded annually.
th
When he retires, on his 60 birthday, the engineer expects to invest ANSWER: B. ₱480,000
whatever proceeds plus interest he then has from in a long-term
savings plan that pays 10% per year, compounded annually. What is 27. The original cost of a certain equipment with an economic life of 10
the maximum amount he could withdraw from the savings plan each years is ₱120,000.00. The book value after 2 years is ₱82,690.91.
year during his retirement and still have the funds last 15 years? (CE Using Sum-of-Year’s Digit Method of Depreciation, determine the
MAY 2018) salvage value at the end of the life of the equipment.
A. $5338.16 B. $6864.95 A. ₱10,000.00 B. ₱11,000.00
C. $5960.78 D. $6330.48 C. ₱12,000.00 D. ₱13,000.00

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Net proceeds from the business: 10
 1  0.08 20  1 SYD    x   55
F60  1500    5000 1  0.08 20 x 1
 0.08  10  9
  120,000  82690.91  120,000  x 
F60  45,338.16073 55
x  12,000.00263
Maximum annual amount to be withdrawn for next 15 years:
1  1  0.10 15  ANSWER: C. ₱12,000
P60  45,448.16073  A  
 0.10 
  28. The first cost of a machine is ₱1,800,000 with a salvage value of
A  5960.7792 ₱300,000 at the end of its life of 5 years. Determine the book value
after 3 years using Double Declining Balance Method of Depreciation.
ANSWER: C. $5960.78
A. ₱388800 B. ₱483080
25. A motor costs ₱100,000.00 has an estimated life of 10 years and can C. ₱589560 D. ₱520000
be sold at ₱20,000.00 at the end of 10 years. Compute the book
value at the end of 7 years using sinking fund method if i = 10%.
A. ₱23,975.7 B. ₱47,622.1
C. ₱52,377.9 D. ₱68,123.5

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

SOLUTION: To break-even:
r
Re venue  Cost
 2
BV  FC  1    8  x  680,000  3  x
 n
3
x  136,000 units
 2
BV  1,800,000 1  
 5 ANSWER: D. 136,000 units
BV  388,800
33. Determine the slope of the curve x  6x  y  4  0 as it passes
2

ANSWER: A. ₱388,800 through (0, −4). (CE MAY 2016)

A. −6 B. 6
29. Determine the annual cost of a structure that requires ₱15 million to
C. −2 D. 2
build with a salvage value of ₱2 million after 12 years, if the interest
rate is 6% compounded annually.
SOLUTION:
A. ₱1,977,286.33 B. ₱1,670,601.38
C. ₱1,410,242.87 D. ₱1,284,936.06 Differentiate:
y  x 2  6x  4
SOLUTION:
dy
 2x  6
FC  SV dx
P  FC 
1  ir  1 At point (0, 4):
dy
P  15  106 
15  106  2  106  2 0  6
dx
1  0.06 12  1 dy
P  27,843,356.37  6  slope
dx
A
P
i ANSWER: B. 6
A  Pi  27,843,356.37  0.06 
A  1,670,601.382 x  2  arccos  2t 
34. Find dy/dx of the given functions: (CE MAY 2018)
y  4  arcsin  2t 
ANSWER: B. ₱1,670,601.38 A. 2t B. −2t
30. The first cost of a certain equipment is ₱324,000.00 and a salvage
C. 2 D. −2
value of ₱50,000 and must be replaced at the end of each 4 years. If
money is worth 6% compounded annually, find the capitalized cost. SOLUTION:
A. ₱936,864.37 B. ₱1,367,901.15
Value of t:
C. ₱1,264,803.16 D. ₱895,762.31
0  t  0.5
SOLUTION: Try t = 0.4
Given: Mode 1
FC = 324000
SV = 50000
n=4
d
dx

4 sin1  2x  x  0.4

i = 6% d
dx

2cos1  2x   x  0.4
Capitalized Cost:
FC  SV
CC  FC  −2
1  in  1
324000  50000 ANSWER: D. 2
CC  324000 
1  0.06  4
1 35. Find the slope of the line whose parametric equations are : x  2  t
CC  1367901.149 and y  2t  1 .
ANSWER: B. ₱1,367,901.15 A. −1 B. −2
C. 2 D. 1/2
31. A project costing ₱250,000 yields a yearly benefit of ₱80,000 for a
period of ten years with no salvage value. At an interest rate of 6%, SOLUTION:
What is the benefit-cost ratio?
x 2t
A. 1.74 B. 2.36
dx
C. 3.58 D. 4.22  1
dt
SOLUTION: y  2t  1
 1  1  0.06 10  dy
2
 80,000  0    dt
 0.06 
BCR 
present benefit
   slope 
dy dy dt
 
2
present cost 250,000 dx dx dt 1
BCR  2.3552 slope  2

ANSWER: B. 2.36
ANSWER: B. 2
32. A film produces 500,000 units of a product per year and sells them all
for ₱4 million. It incurs an annual fixed operating expense of 36. A particle moving along the x-axis moves according to the equation
₱680,000. The unit cost of the product is P3.00. Determine the 1  t2
number of units to be sold to break even. x t  at any time t > 0. Determine the velocity of the particle
3t
A. 140,000 B. 148,000 when t = 1 s.
C. 144,000 D. 136,000 A. −1/2 units/s B. 1/2 units/s
C. −1/3 units/s D. 1/3 units/s
SOLUTION:
Revenue =  Selling Price  # of units sold SOLUTION:

4,000,000 = SP  500,000  1  t2
x t 
3t
SP = 8 per unit
dx
V at t  1
dt

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CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

Mode 1 H  16t 2  256t

d  1  x2  H  1024 ft
 
dx  3  x  x  1 ANSWER: A. 1024 ft

1 41. A parabola has an equation of y2  8x  0 . Determine the equation of


2 the diameter of the parabola which bisects chords parallel to the line
x  y  4  0 . (CE NOV 2016)
ANSWER: A. 1/2
A. y40 B. x40
C. y40 D. x40
37. A particle rotates from rest according to the function   t / 50  t ,
3

where  is in radians and t in seconds. Calculate the angular speed SOLUTION:

when t = 10 seconds.
A. 4 rad/s B. 5 rad/s Differentiate:
C. 6 rad/s D. 7 rad/s y 2  8x  0
dy
SOLUTION: 2y 8 0
dx
t3 Chords parallel to line:
 t
50 xy40
d 3 2 yx4
 t 1
dt 50 dy
m 1
When t = 10: dx
d 3
 10 2  1 Diameter of the parabola:
dt 50 dy
d 2y 8 0
 5 rad/s dx
dt 2y 1  8  0
ANSWER: B. 5 rad/s y40

38. A particle’s position in the xy-plane at any time t is given by ANSWER: A. y  4  0

x  t   2t  3 and y  t   t
2 4
. Determine the x-component of the
42. Find the area bounded by the curve y  9  x
2
particle’s velocity at time t = 5. (CE NOV 2015) in the first quadrant.
A. 500 B. 250 A. 36 square units B. 24 square units
C. 20 D. 50 C. 18 square units D. 9 square units

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:

x  t   2t  3
2 x-intercept:
y  0  9  x2
Vx 
dx
at t  5 x  3 (Quadrant I)
dt
Area bounded in Quadrant I:
Mode 1 x2
Area 
 ydx
 
d x1
2x2  3
dx x5 3
Area 
0
9  x 2dx
20 Area  18 square units
Answer: C. 20
ANSWER: C. 18 square units
39. Water is running out from a conical funnel at a rate of 2 cubic inches
per second. If the radius of the top of the funnel is 4 inches and the 43. Determine the area bounded by the curve y  6cos x and the x-axis
altitude is 8 inches, find the rate at which the water level is dropping from x = /6 to x = /2.
when it is 2 inches from the top. (CE MAY 2018) A. 2 sq. units B. 3 sq. units
9 in/sec 9 in/sec
5 4
A. B. C. 4 sq. units D. 5 sq. units
9 in/sec 9 in/sec
3 2
C. D.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
 
Q  AV  x2  V  x2
Area 
x1
ydx
x 4
 2
82 8
x  3 inches
Area 
6
6cos  x  dx

Area  3 square units

2   3 V
2
ANSWER: B. 3 square units
dy 2
V  in/s  0.07074 in/s
dt 9
44. Find the area bounded by the parabolas y  6x  x and y  x  2x .
2 2

ANSWER: D. The parabolas intersect at points (0, 0) and (4, 8).

40. The height H in feet at any time t in seconds of a projectile thrown A. 44/3 B. 64/3
vertically is H t   16t  256t . What is the maximum height
2 C. 74/3 D. 54/3
reached by the projectile? (CE MAY 2016)
SOLUTION:
A. 1024 ft B. 1008 ft
x2

  ytop  ybottom  dx
C. 960 ft D. 1082 ft Area 
x1
SOLUTION:
 6x  x    x 
4
Area  2 2
 2x dx
H t   16t 2  256t 0
Area  64 3 square units
dH
V  32t  256  0 ANSWER: B. 64/3
dt
t  8 sec onds

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CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

45. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant bounded by the curves Centroid of Area (vertical strip):
y  sinx , y  cosx and the y-axis Ay  dAy
A. 0.833 sq. units B. 0.414 sq. units y
C. 1.100 sq. units D. 0.667 sq. units Ay   ydx   
2
SOLUTION: 1 2
Ay  y dx
Point of intersection: 2
yy 1 
 2 y  
 sin  x   dx
2
sin x  cos x 2 0
sin x 
 tan x  1 y   0.3927
cos x 8
x  45   4 radian
ANSWER: A. 0.3927
Area:
x2 48. Find the volume of the solid formed by revolving the area bounded by
Area 
 x1
 ytop  ybottom  dx the curve y  9  x2 in the first quadrant about the y-axis.
4 A. 610.73 B. 407.15
Area 
 0
 cos  x   sin  x   dx C. 212.06 D. 127.23
Area  0.4142 square units
SOLUTION 1:
ANSWER: B. 0.414 square units Parabola:
46. Find the centroid of the area bounded by the curve y  9  x
2
in the y  9  x2
first quadrant. (CE NOV 2017) V (0,9)
A. (18/5, 9/8) B. (15/8, 27/5) Opens downward
C. (9/8, 18/5) D. (27/5, 15/8) Intercepts: (−3, 0) and (3, 0)

SOLUTION 1: Volume of Paraboloid:

1
Parabola: V  R2H
2
y  9  x2
1
V   3 9
2
V (0,9)
2
Opens downward
Intercepts: (−3, 0) and (3, 0) 81
V  127.2345 cubic units
2
Area in first quadrant:
x2 SOLUTION 2:
A
x1
ydx
Pappus Theorem II:
V  A
  9  x  dx
3
A 2
2
0 A 3 9  18
A  18 3
3 9
Centroid of Area (vertical strip):   3 
8 8
Ax  dAx
  2
Ax   ydx  x 
9
V  18     2 
 
3
18  x 9  x 2 xdx 8
0 81
V  127.2345
9 2
x
8
SOLUTION 3:
Ay  dAy Pappus Theorem II:
y V   dA   
Ay   ydx   
2 A  ydx  vertical strip
1 2
Ay  y dx x  revolved about y-axis
2   2

 
1 3 2
18  y  9  x2
x2

  ydx  x  2 
dx
2 0 V
x1
18
y x2

SOLUTION 2:
5 V  2
 x1
xydx

 x 9  x  dx
3
3 3 9 V  2 2
x b 3  0
8 8 8
81
2 2 18 V  127.2345
y h 9  2
5 5 5
ANSWER: D. 127.23
ANSWER: C. (9/8, 18/5)
47. A region is bounded by the curve y  sinx , the lines x  0 , x , 49. A region is bounded by the curves y  sinx , x  0 , x   and the x-
and y  0 . How far from the x-axis is the centroid of the bounded axis. Find the volume generated if the bounded area is rotated about
area? the x-axis.
A. 0.3927 B. 0.3491 A. 3.29 cu. units B. 4.93 cu. units
C. 0.3142 D. 0.2448 C. 2.47 cu. units D. 6.58 cu. units

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:

Area in first quadrant: Pappus Theorem II:

x2 V   dA   
A
x1
ydx
A  ydx  vertical strip



y
A sin  x  dx   revolved about x-axis
0 2
A2   2

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CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

x2 53. The areas bounded by the waterline of a reservoir and the contours
 ydx  
y
V
x1
  2 
2
with contour interval of 2 m are as follows:
A1 = 10250 m
2
2
x2 A2 = 8350 m
V
 x1
y 2dx A3 = 7750 m
A4 = 6900 m
2
2

 2

  sin  x  
2 A5 = 5250 m
V dx Calculate the volume of the reservoir by the End Area Method. (CE
0
MAY 1999)
V  4.9348 cubic units 3 3
A. 61500.00 m B. 60666.67 m
3 3
ANSWER: B. 4.93 cubic units C. 61666.67 m D. 61333.33 m

50. The observed interior angles of a four-corner lot and their SOLUTION:
corresponding number of observations are given in the table:
Volume of reservoir (End-Area Method):
Corner Interior angle Number of observations L
A 132 6 V   A1  A n  2  A int ermediate  
2
B 68 4
2
C 96 3 V  10250  5250  2  8350  7750  6900  
2
D 67 5
V  61500.00 m3
Determine the corrected angle of corner C. (CE MAY 2018)
A. 9530.00’ B. 973.16’ 3
ANSWER: A. 61500.00 m
C. 9456.84’ D. 963.16’
54. The areas bounded by the waterline of a lake and the contours with
SOLUTION: contour interval of 2 m are as follows:
2
A1 = 8200 m
Interior 2
Corner
angle
Weight Correction Corrected Interior Angle A2 = 6680 m
2
A3 = 6200 m
16
 3  10 19
2
A 132 1/6 132  10 19  131.4737 A4 = 5520 m
2
19 20 A5 = 4200 m
14 Calculate the volume of water in the lake by the Prismoidal formula.
B 68 1/4  3  15 19 68  15 19  167.2105 (CE NOV 2002)
19 20 3 3
A. 49066.67 m B. 49200.00 m
13
 3  20 19
3 3
C 96 1/3 96  20 19  94.9474 C. 49600.00m D. 49333.33 m
19 20
15 SOLUTION:
D 67 1/5  3  12 19 67  12 19  66.3684
19 20 Volume of reservoir (Prismoidal Formula):
 L
363° 19/20
V   A1  A n  2  A odd int ermediate   4  A even int ermediate  
3
Error in the sum of interior angles:
2
error   interior angles   n  2 180 V  8200  4200  2  6200   4  6680  5520  
3
error  363   4  2 180
V  49066.6667 m3
error  3
3
ANSWER: A. 49066.67 m
Corrected interior angle of corner C:
Interior Angle C  correct   94.9474 55. In hydrographic survey using a current meter, with meter constants a
Interior Angle C  correct   9456.8421' = 0.232 and b = 0.022. The time of observation was recorded to last
for 50 seconds and the recorded number of revolutions is 10.
ANSWER: C. 9456.84’ Determine the mean velocity of water flow.(Hint: V  aN  b ,
N  rev time )
51. Point A is in between points B and C. The distance of B and C are
2000 m and 3000 m, respectively. Measured from point A, the angles A. 0.0854 m/s B. 0.0995 m/s
of elevation of point B and C are 18°14’ and 12°24’ respectively. C. 0.0684 m/s D. 0.0550 m/s
Determine the difference in elevation between points B and C,
considering the effects of curvature and refraction. SOLUTION:
A. 2.23 m B. 1.07 m V  aN  b
C. 2.79 m D. 1.98 m
 10 
V   0.232      0.022 
SOLUTION:  50 
V  0.0684 m s
elevB  2000  tan 1814'   0.067  2 
2
ANSWER: C. 0.0684 m/s
0.067  3   3000  tan 1224'   elevC
2

56. A spiral curve has a length of 80 m and the length of throw of the
elevC  elevB  1.07166 m
spiral is 1.06 m. Determine the offset distance at SC.
A. 6.40 m B. 4.24 m
ANSWER: B. 1.07 m
C. 3.58 m D. 5.80 m
52. The horizontal axis of a transit was inclined at 4’ with the horizontal
due to non-adjustment. The first sight had a vertical angle of 50°, the SOLUTION:
second sight had −39°. Determine the error in the measured Length of throw of spiral:
horizontal angle. (HINT: use E  e  tan 1  e  tan 2  ) (CE MAY x L
P c  s
2003) 4 24R
A. 7.62’ B. 8.01’
Offset distance at SC:
C. 8.33’ D. 8.60’
x
1.06  c
SOLUTION: 4
xc  4.24 m
E  e  tan 1  e  tan 2 
E  4  tan  50   tan  39   ANSWER: B. 4.24 m
E  8.01'
57. A parabolic curve has a descending grade of −2.5% which intersects
an ascending grade of +1.20%. The total allowable change of grade
ANSWER: B. 8.01’ per 50 m station is 0.3%. Find the total length of the curve.
A. 616.67 m B. 457.98 m
C. 123.33 m D. 348.31 m

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CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

SOLUTION: Length of skid mark or braking distance:

V 2 11.1111
2
0.3%  2.5%   1.2%
 2g 2  9.81
50 L SB  
L  616.6667 m  0.15
SB  41.9493 m
ANSWER: A. 616.67 m
ANSWER: D. 41.95 m
58. The ground makes a uniform slope of +5.2% from station A (sta.
8+890) to station B. At station A, the center height of fill is 4.13 m. At 62. Applying full brakes at a speed of 60 kph, the car travelled 40 m until
station B, the center height of cut is 7.57 m. If the finish road has a it stopped. Determine the average skid resistance. (CE MAY 2018)
uniform slope of −2.6%, determine the stationing of B? A. 0.30 B. 0.35
A. Sta. 8+750 B. Sta. 9+040 C. 0.40 D. 0.45
C. Sta. 9+090 D. Sta. 8+690
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
Velocity of car:
km 1000 m 1 hr
V  60  
hr 1 km 3600 s
V  16.6667 m/s
Skid Resistance:
V2
2g
SB 

16.6667 2
2  9.81
40 

  0.3539

4.13   0.052L  7.57  ANSWER: B. 0.35

gf  0.026 
L
63. A descending grade of 1.7% intersects an ascending grade of +2.3%
L  150
to connect a vertical parabolic curve. If the design length of the
sta B   8  890  L  9  040 parabolic curve is 135 m, determine the required sight distance. (CE
NOV 1998)
ANSWER: B. 9+040 A. 146.67 m B. 171.40 m
C. 141.07 m D. 174.01 m
59. The grading works of a proposed national road have the following
data: SOLUTION:

Free Haul Distance, FHD = 50 m Assume S > L:

Length of Economical Haul, LEH = 450 m 120  3.5S
L  2S 
Cost of Haul, C H = ₱0.25 per meter station g1  g2
Determine the Cost of Borrow. (CE MAY 2015) 120  3.5S
A. ₱7.50 B. ₱5.00 135  2S 
1.7%  2.3%
C. ₱2.50 D. ₱10.00
S  146.6667 m > L
SOLUTION:
ANSWER: A. 146.67 m
20Cb
LEH   FHD 64. A descending grade of 2% meets an ascending grade of +3% in a
Ch
vertical sag parabolic curve. Determine the length of the curve if the
20Cb sight distance is 178 m. (CE MAY 1999)
450   50
0.25 A. 207.01 m B. 193.20 m
Cb  5 C. 213.22 m D. 188.34 m
ANSWER: B. ₱5.00
SOLUTION:
60. The length of economical haul is 400 m. The cost of haul is ₱0.25 per Assume S < L:
meter station, the cost of borrow is ₱4.5 per cubic meter, and the cost
S2 g1  g2
of excavation is ₱4 per cubic meter. Determine the free haul distance. L
A. 20 m B. 30 m 120  3.5S
C. 40 m D. 50 m
L
178 2 2%  3%
120  3.5 178 
SOLUTION:
L  213.2167 m
20Cb
LEH   FHD
Ch ANSWER: C. 213.22 m
20  4.5  65. A highway curve has a radius of 80 m and a length of 90 m. If the
400   FHD
0.25 required sight distance is 60 m, how far off the center of the road
FHD  40 m could you allow bushes to grow? (CE MAY 2015)
A. 4.219 m B. 5.625 m
ANSWER: C. 40 m C. 3.333 m D. 7.667 m

61. Find the length of skid mark if the average skid resistance is 0.15 and SOLUTION:
the velocity of the car when the brakes were applied was 40 kph.
A. 43.71 m B. 30.58 m When L ≥ S:
C. 32.62 m D. 41.95 m S2
R
8M
SOLUTION:
80 
 60 2
Velocity of car: 8M
km 1000 m 1 hr M  5.625 m
V  40  
hr 1 km 3600 s
V  11.1111 m/s ANSWER: B. 5.625 m

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CIVIL ENGINEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

66. Determine the stiffness factor of a pavement if its modulus of elasticity 72. Arrangement made in railways to divert trains from one track to
is 180 MPa and its subgrade modulus is 40 MPa. (CE MAY 2015) another is known as:
A. 1.7562 B. 1.6510 A. Crossing B. Turnout
C. 0.6057 D. 0.5694 C. Junction D. Point

SOLUTION: ANSWER: B. Turnout

Subgrade Modulus 40 73. These are waves that are formed by the frictional drag of wind across
Stiffness  3 3
Modulus of Elasticity 180 the water surface, which is a process of transferring energy from wind
Stiffness  0.6057 to water.
A. Significant Waves B. Surface Gravity Waves
ANSWER: C. 0.6057 C. Seismic Waves D. Rogue Waves

67. A pavement has a modulus of elasticity of 120 MPa and a stiffness ANSWER: B. Surface Gravity Waves
factor of 0.50. Find the modulus of elasticity of the subgrade.
A. 10 MPa B. 12 MPa 74. A hypothetical wave having a wave height and period equal
C. 15 MPa D. 24 MPa respectively to average values of the wave height and period of the
largest 1/3 of all waves in the train as counted in the order of greater
SOLUTION: wave height.
A. Highest wave B. Rogue wave
Subgrade Modulus C. Seismic wave D. Significant wave
Stiffness  3
Modulus of Elasticity
ANSWER: D. Significant Wave
Subgrade Modulus
0.50  3
120 75. A wave at a point where the water depth is greater than or equal to
Subgrade Modulus  15 MPa 1/2 the wavelength to be expressed in terms of the parameters of
significant wave. (CE MAY 2016)
ANSWER: C. 15 MPa A. Shallow water wave B. Deep water wave
C. Tidal wave D. Significant wave
68. Determine the thickness of a rigid pavement of a proposed road in
Bonifacio St. that will carry a wheel load of 60 kN. Compressive ANSWER: B. Deep Water
strength of concrete is 21 MPa. Assume allowable tensile stress of
concrete pavement to be 0.06f’c and neglect the effect of dowels. 76. The motion of a ship, which tends to rotate the ship about its
A. 377.96 mm B. 96.67 mm longitudinal axis caused by seawater waves is known as:
C. 119.52 mm D. 255.12 mm A. Yawning B. Pitching
C. Rolling D. Heaving
SOLUTION:
ANSWER: C. Rolling
Thickness of rigid pavement (without dowels):
77. The motion of a ship, which tends to rotate the ship about its
3W 3  60,000 
t  transverse axis caused by seawater waves is known as:
ft 0.06  21 A. Yawning B. Pitching
t  377.9645 mm C. Rolling D. Heaving

ANSWER: A. 377.96 mm ANSWER: B. Pitching

69. These are two types of pedestrian crossing markings: 78. The motion of a ship, which tends to rotate the ship about its vertical
A. Chevron and crosswalk B. Zebra and crosswalk axis caused by seawater waves is known as:
C. Chevron and zebra D. Crosswalk and roundabout A. Yawning B. Pitching
C. Rolling D. Heaving
ANSWER: B. Zebra and crosswalk
ANSWER: A. Yawning
70. The frog number in a railroad intersection is 10. Determine the frog 79. The vertical motion of a ship, up and down, caused by seawater
angle. (CE MAY 2015) waves is known as:
HINT: Use the following formula: A. Yawning B. Pitching
1  1  Heel Length C. Rolling D. Heaving
Frog Number = cot    
2  2  Heel Spread
ANSWER: D. Heaving
A. 543’29” B. 621’35”
C. 446’19” D. 79’10” 80. Using a sheet pile type quay-walls, determine the elevation of the
Design Low Tide (DLT), which is the water level that guarantees
SOLUTION: about 98% of the tide, and safe for ships, for the following data as
follows:
1 1 
FrogNumber  cot    Elevation of MLLW (Mean Lower Low Water) = 0 m (datum)
2 2  Elevation of HWL (Highest Water Level) = +1.30 m
1 1  Elevation of RWL (Residual Water Level) = +0.74 m
10  cot   
2 2  Hint:
Use the following formula:
  543'29.32"
1
RWL  HWL  LWL   LWL (gravity type)
ANSWER: A. 543’29” 3
2
71. A turnout in a railroad has a length of heel equal to 3025 mm and a RWL  HWL  LWL   LWL (sheet pile type)
3
heel spread of 336.11. If the length of the toe is 1925 mm, determine
the frog number of the turnout. A. −0.46 m B. −0.38 m
A. 7 B. 8 C. −1.11 m D. −0.62 m
C. 9 D. 10
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
2
Heel Length RWL  HWL  LWL   LWL (sheet pile type)
Frog Number  3
Heel Spread
2
3025 0.74   1.30  LWL   LWL
Frog Number  3
336.11 LWL  DLT  0.38 m
Frog Number  9
ANSWER: B. 0.38 m
ANSWER: C. 9

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺