The 12 Principles of

High Quality Assessment of Learning

for Teachers

1. CLARITY & APPROPRIATENESS OF LEARNING TARGETS

Assessment should be clearly stated and specified and centered on what is truly important.
"Teaching emphasis should parallel testing emphasis."
- Objectives will be the core basis to determine what kind of assessment will take place.
- Objectives shall be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Time Bound)

2. APPROPRIATE ASSESSMENT METHODS

Assessment should utilize assessment methods suitable for a particular learning target.

3. BALANCE
Assessment methods should be able to assess all domains of learning and hierarchy of
objectives.

- Domains of learning: Cognitive (knowledge), Affective (Values) and Psychomotor (skills).

4. VALIDITY
Assessment should be valid. Validity means measuring what we intend to measure.

5. RELIABILITY
Assessment should show consistent and stable results.

6. FAIRNESS
Assessment should give equal opportunities for every student. There should be no
discrimination of any kind (racial, age, gender, etc.)

7. EFFECTIVENESS
Assessment should be ensured to reach the goal/ objectives of the student.

8. EFFICIENCY
Assessment should save time, money, etc. It should be resourceful.

9. CONTINUOUS
Because assessment is an integral part of the teaching-learning process, it should be
continuous.

10. ETHICS
Assessment should not be used to derogate the students. One example of this is the right to
confidentiality.

11. COMMUNICATION
Assessment's results should be communicated to the learners and the people involved.
Communication should also be established between the teacher and the learners by way of pre-
and post-test reviews.

12. POSITIVITY OF CONSEQUENCE

Assessment should have a positive effect. It should motivate students to learn and do more and
should give way to improve the teacher's instruction.