CYLINDER LINER/SLEEVE

(camisa de cilindros)

Tutor: Rodney R. Algarín

SENA
Aviation and Industrial Center
Definition:
A cylinder liner is a cylindrical part to be fitted into an engine block to
form a cylinder.
• Cylindrical part = Parte cilíndrica
• Fitted = ajustada(o)
NOMENCLATURE- WET SLEEVE

I4 or.oU »cf:
 Bottom = Inferior
I.D. = Internal Diameter = Diámetro
Interno Chamfer = Chaflán

WET SLEEVE/LINER = CAMISA

HÚMEDA DRY SLEEVE/LINER =
CAMISA SECA
• Bore Diameter /flansh/
/bor/da-iá-mirer/ • Pilot
• Flange /pailot/
• Cross Hatch • Sleeve Instalation Chamfer
/crosátch/ /sliv/instaleishon/chamfer/
• Barrel • Bottom Internal Diameter Chamfer
/berol/ /borom/internal/daiámirer/chamfer/
• Sealing área • Lower block repair bushing
/siling/éria/ /louer/blok/riper/bushing/
• O ring grooves
/o/ring/gruvs/
• Crevice seal Groove
/krevis/sial/gruv/
• Water jacket
/uorer/jaket/
• Machining relief /sliv/instaleishon/chamfer/
/mashining/rilif/
• Upper block repair bushing
/aper/blok/riper/bushin/
• Crimping bead
/crimpin/biid/
• Firewall
/faier - uol/
• Sealing área
/siling/éria/
• Sleeve Instalation Chamfer
• Bottom Internal Diameter /uorer/jaket/
Chamfer
/
borom/internal/daiámirer/c
hamfer/
• Lower block repair bushing
/louer/blok/riper/bushing/
• O ring grooves
/o/ring/gruvs/
• Crevice seal Groove
/krevis/sial/gruv/
• Water jacket
NOMENCLATURE - DRY SLEEVE
FUNCTIONS OF THE CYLINDER LINER
1. FORMATION OF SLIDING SURFACE (FORMACIÓN DE LA SUPERFICIE
DE DESLIZAMIENTO)
The cylinder liner, serving as the inner wall of a cylinder, forms a sliding
Surface for the piston rings while retaining the lubricant within.

Characteristics:
1. High anti – galling properties
2. Less wear on the cylinder itself
3. Less wear on the partner piston rings
4. Less consumption of lubricant
• Inner wall = pared interna
• Sliding Surface = superficie de deslizamiento
• Wear = Desgaste
• Less = menos
• Conscumption = Consumo
• While = mientras
2. HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES
The cylinder liner receives combustion heat through the piston and
piston rings and transmits the heat to the coolant
• Receive = recibir
• Combustion heat = calor de la combustión
• Heat transfer = Transferencia de calor
• Through = a través de
• Transmit = transmitir
• Coolant = Refrigerante
• Combustion Chamber Heat = Calor de la cámara de combustión
• 70% of combustion heat to the coolant
• 30% converts to work

Total combustion energy in engines (Energía total de combustión en

motores):
Mechanical work 25% - 35%
Exhaust Gases  25% - 35%
Cooling System 25%
Mechanical Components 10%
Oil 4%
Radiation  1%
 Temperature
distribution/gradient
3. Compression Gas Sealing (Sellado de los de gases
de compresión)
A cylinder wall in an engine is under high temperature and high
pressure, with the piston and piston rings sliding at high speeds. In
particular, since longer service is required of engines for trucks and
buses, cast iron cylinders that have excellent wear – resistant
properties are only used for cylinder parts.
• Speed = velocidad
• High temperatura = Alta temperatura
• High pressure = Alta presión
• Cylinder Wall = pared del cilindro
• Under = bajo
• Cast iron cylinders = cilindros de hierro fundido
• Longer service = servicio extendido
• Wear – resistant properties = Propiedades de resistencia al desgaste
• Compression Test = Prueba de Compresión
• Positive Crankcase Ventilation Valve = Válvula de Ventilación Positiva
del Cárter
 FAILURE MODES = Modos de
falla
1. GALLING = Desprendimiento por
desgaste Adhesivo
It is an adhesive wear that is caused by microscopic transfer of material
between metallic surfaces, during transverse motion (sliding)

Characteristics:
1. There is a visible transfer of material as it is adhesively pulled,
during metal to metal contact.
2. There is a raised lump (gall), in one of the surfaces.
3. Galling is not a gradual process, it occurs quickly and spreads rapidly
as the raised lumps induce more galling.
4. Severe form of adhesive wear
• Adhesive wear = desgaste adhesivo
• Transfer of material = transferencia de material
• Metal to metal contact = contacto metal a metal
• Raised lump / gall = bulto elevado
Causes:
• It is affected by the ductility of the material (Es afectado por la
ductilidad del material)
• Lack of adequate lubrication under extreme pressures (Falta de una
adecuada lubricación bajo presiones extremas)
2. Abrasive wear = Desgaste abrasivo
It is a kind of wear caused by some contaminants between sliding
surfaces. (Es un tipo de desgaste causado por algunos contaminantes
entre superficies en deslizamento)

Scratch= Rayadura/rayón
SCRATCH

SCRATCH
3. Scuffing = Rayadura/Raspadura leve
It’s a particularly damaging form of wear in highly loaded lubricated
contacts, such as piston ring and gear teeth. There is local penetration
of the lubricant film, and breakdown of the boundary lubricants,
leading to localised solid phase welding.

( Es una forma de daño por desgaste en zonas de altas cargas y

lubricadas, tales como en los anillos del pistón y los dientes de los
engranes. Hay penetración local de la película del lubricante, y
descomposición de las bondades/propiedades de los lubricantes,
originando microsoldaduras localizadas)
4. Scoring = Rayadura/Raspadura Grave
Scoring is an advanced stage of scuffing. (Es una forma avanzada del la
rayadura leve).
Continued opperation of the engine with scuffed pistons and cylinder
will generate excessive heat and friction.
Seazing = Rayadura/Raspadura Excesiva
• It is the stage after the scoring. It is caused by insufficient lubrication.
(Es la etapa después de la raspadura grave. Es causada por lubricación
insuficiente)
PITTING = PICADURA
Caused by cavitation, due to lack of additives.
This result from surface or subsurface initiated cracks propagating into
large scale pits.
SCALE BUILD – UP = Formación de
montículos/protuberancias/escamas por corrosión
• Lack of corrosion inhibitors in the cooling system.
• This will affect heat transfer and cause higher than normal
temperatures, potentially leading to scoring and premature failure of
cylinder components.
 VOCABULARY
Failure = Falla
Cast iron = Hierro fundido
Wear resistant properties = Propiedades anti - desgaste
Caused by = Causada por
Assembly = Ensamble
Twisted O-ring = Sello retorcido (torsionado)
Lubricant Film = Película del lubricante
Heat Spot = Manchas de Calor (“Agua”)
Pitting = Picadura
Scale build up = Formación de montículos
Cavitation = Cavitación