Assignment 1

Lab report on Newton Raphson Method

Submitted By:
Ayush Timalsina
Jaya Multiple Campus
BCA , 4th Semester
Contents:

1. Introduction
2. Advantages And Disadvantages
3. Algorithm
4. Program
5. Conclusion
6. Reference
Introduction:

Newton raphson method  is a root-finding algorithm which

produces successively better approximations to the roots of a
real-valued function. It uses the idea that a continuous and
differentiable function can be approximated by a straight line
tangent to it. This method named after Isaac Newton and
Joseph Raphson.

Graphically,

General Formula of Newton Raphson Method,

Xn = Xn -1 – F(Xn-1)
F^-1 (Xn-1)
Advantages:
1.  One of the fastest convergences to the root.
2. Converges on the root quadratic.
3. Near a root, the number of significant digits approximately
doubles with each step.

Disadvantages:
1. May be too far from local root
2. Must find the derivative
3. Poor global convergence properties
4. Dependent on initial guess  
Algorithm:

1. Start
2. Input initial guess x0 and error e.
3. Evaluate f ^-1 (x)
4. Using x0 as initial guess, find new value
x1=x0- f(x0)
f^-1(x0)
5. If |x1 - x0| <e, root = x1, go to 6
Else,
x0= x1
go to step 4
6. Stop
 Program:
#include<stdio.h>

#include<math.h>

float f(float x)

{
return x*x - 3*x + 2;
}
float df (float x)
{
return 2*x - 3 ;
}
int main()
{
int itr, maxmitr;
float h, x0, x1, allerr;
printf("\nEnter x0, allowed error and maximum iterations\n");
scanf("%f %f %d", &x0, &allerr, &maxmitr);
for (itr=1; itr<=maxmitr; itr++)
{
h=f(x0)/df(x0);
x1=x0-h;
printf(" At Iteration no. %3d, x = %9.6f\n", itr, x1);
if (fabs(h) < allerr)
{
printf("After %3d iterations, root = %8.6f\n", itr, x1);
return 0;
}
x0=x1;
}
printf(" The required solution does not converge or iterations are
insufficient\n");
return 1;
}
Output:
Conclusion:

Hence, The Newton-Raphson method, or Newton Method, is

a powerful technique for solving equations numerically
which  is based on the geometry of a curve, using the tangent
lines to a curve. 
Reference:
https://www.math.ubc.ca/
https://en.wikipedia.org/