A cost-based advantage to attack competitors on the basis of

price/value example:

Coke duels Pepsi, Sony battles Philips and Matsushita, Avis combats Hertz,
Procter & Gamble takes on Unilever, Caterpillar clashes with Komatsu,
Amazon spars with eBay, Tweedledum fights Tweedledee.

Leapfrogging competitors with next-generation technologies example:

The use of ethanol fuel in Brazil, where ethanol produced from sugarcane for
transportation replaces gasoline. A frequently cited example is countries which
move directly from having no telephones to having cellular phones.
Continuous product innovation example:

All the iPhone models, all car models.

Adapting & improving the best ideas of others example:

service, Communication, Delivering

Hit-&-run tactics to steal sales away from rival’s example:

American Express.

Launching preemptive strike example:

World War I (1914–1918) and World War II period (1939–1945) .

A Blue-ocean type of offensive strategy example:

Apple users can download legal and high quality music at a reasonable price
from iTunes making traditional sources of distribution of music irrelevant.