 Lesson 1.

2: Governance - The exercise of political, economic, and administrative authority in the

management of a country’s affairs at all levels
- The process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented/not
implemented (Rhodes 2001)

❖ What is good governance?

✓ It assures that corruption is minimized, the views of the minorities are taken into account and the
voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard in decision-making

✓ It is also responsive to the present and future needs of society

✓ According to Article X, Sec. 1 of the Philippine Constitution: Section 1. Public office is a public
trust. Public officers and employees must, at all times, be accountable to the people, serve
them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency; act with patriotism and justice,
and lead modest lives.

• 8 Major Characteristics of Good Governance (UNESCAP)

1. TRANSPARENCY

5. ACCOUNTABILITY

2. FOLLOWS THE RULE OF LAW

GOOD 6. RESPONSIVE
GOVERNANCE
3. EQUITABLE AND INCLUSIVE 7. CONSENSUS ORIENTED

4. EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT 8. PARTICIPATORY

 Lesson 1.3: Government - Derived from the Greek word: “kybernan” which means to control/to steer
- Refers to a body that has the authority to control a group or organization by means of legally
imposed laws
- Refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed and carried
out.

❖ Functions of Government:
1. The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people (Sec. 4 Article II)

2. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and
independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide
adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved
quality of life for all. (Sec. 9 Article II)
3. The State shall adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach to health development which
shall endeavor to make essential goods…(Sec. 11, Article XIII)

4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right
of the people to peaceably assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances.
(Section 4, Article III)

5. The State shall provide the policy environment for the full development of Filipino capability and
the emergence of communication structures suitable to the needs and aspirations of the
nation... (Sec. 10, Art. XVI)

6. The State shall afford full protection to labor, local and overseas, organized and unorganized and
promote full employment opportunities for all (Sec 3 Art. XIII)

7. The preservation of peace and order within the regions shall be the responsibility of the local
police agencies which shall be organized, maintained, supervised and utilized in accordance
with applicable laws. (Sec. 21, Art. X)