Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Table of Contents
Prior to 1859 4
1859 5
1860 6
September 1860 Revival Spread to Other Farms in Goudini and Hex River 9
Beginning of 1861 11
May 1861 12
September 1861 12
April 1862 12
Afrikaans Community 13
Islam 13
Evangelistic Injustice 13
“Spiritual Paralysis” 13
Second Wave 14
Catalytic Movements 15
Gideon Malherbe 15
Intercession 16
Physical Manifestations 16
Awakening 16
2. Main Role players in the years preceding and during the revival:
iv. Met Nicolaas Hofmeyr and Jan Neethling in Holland, who would both
play pivotal roles in the revival.
vi. Prior to the revival he was not known to preach with any power. He was
a great orator, but prone to trying to make things work by his own power
due to pride. (W.M. Douglas, Andrew Murray
v. Moved back to South Africa and became the Pastor of Paarl parish.
iii. Became Lead pastor for a town he called Calvina 320km away from
Cape Town
○ He met with one local missionary named Van der Rijst, the two
of them met weekly to pray for revival.
B) Prior to 1859
1. As Early as 1847 communal prayer had been suggested but poorly attended.
2. The language of scripture was high Dutch, the language of preaching was high dutch,
however, very few people understood or spoke high dutch. Public schools had been
anglicized, meaning they only taught in English. Therefore people understood even less
dutch.
3. The Dutch East India Company was the sole appointee of pastors, it dictated religious
policy, appointments, governing marriages as well as the conversion of the heathens.
Between the establishment of the colony in 1652 and 1790 only 5 congregations had been
planted in the entire Cape Colony.
4. The Afrikaans community focused first on translating the Old Testament which gave
them a skewed theology within which they believed themselves to be the new chosen
people of God - like the Israelites.
5. Most workers had turned to Islam because the doors to Christianity were shut to them.
6. The farmers did not want to evangelize to their workers because it was socially accepted
that if a slave became a Christian and was baptized then the owner was legally bound to
set him/her free.
9. The church council was divided on whether or not the coloureds and the whites should be
in the same churches
10. Many of the farmers/Afrikaners did not want the coloureds/farm workers to be
evangelised as it would give them access to rights that were reserved for Christians.
C) 1859
May 1859 - the first prayer gathering in response to reports of the prayer movement revival in
NYC in Montagu prior to May 1860 no more than three people attended. (The Forgotten Revival
of South Africa - Chapter 6)
1. The first call to prayer came in August 1859 - Three DRC ministers challenged all of the
DRC ministers to preach a series on the character of God, the role of the Holy Spirit in
Revival and the need for both corporate and private prayer for the outpouring of God’s
Holy Spirit - Called by Faure, Morgan and Cameron - https://www.reformationsa.org/
index.php/history/54-1860revival
2. An 85-page booklet handed circulated throughout 1859 entitled “The Power of Prayer”
October 1859 - Letter published in the main church circulatory journal undersigned by 14
clergy members including Andrew Murray Sr and Gottlieb Van Der Lingen: The letter
affirmed the reports of awakening in America and called the churches to earnestly and
fervently pray at least 1 hour per week for Revival.
3. Andrew Murray Sr. had prayed for Revival every Friday for 38yrs. https://
www.reformationsa.org/index.php/history/54-1860revival
D) 1860
First rumours of the coming revival started at the Worcester conference April 1860
April 1860 - Conference of over 374 clergy/pastors and delegates called in Worcester
1. Big conference held in Worcester April 17th 1860, First Christian Conference in the
Cape. Delegates from all over the Cape Colony gathered. 374 gathered to discuss “things
concerning God’s Kingdom.”
2. 20 Congregations were represented
3. 8 of the Ministers from the 16 Dutch Reformed Congregations were part of the Murray
Family.
4. The conference began with a seminar on Revival Reporting the revivals happening in
Britain and America at the time. There was a big push to see spiritual revival come to
South Africa
5. Andrew Murray Jnr is said to have “prayed a prayer so full of power and emotion that
people came under a deep conviction of sin”
3. Prayer revival started in the methodist church. Prayer meetings were held every night of
the week as well as Monday, Wednesday and Friday mornings sometimes as early as 3
am.
4. At one point 6 prayer meetings would be going on in the village at any one time.
Congregants of one denomination would just go to the next church for another prayer
meeting once theirs was finished. This went on for weeks, with reports spreading to
nearby Worcester where new prayer meetings were started.
5. For 2 to 3 weeks multiple cases of heartfelt conversions occurred daily. There was
scarcely a house in the village where the awakening of God’s Spirit had not been felt by
one or more.
6. Even those who did not approve of the revival marked that the general improvement in
the conduct of the inhabitants within the space of a few months was marvellous.
7. Report from one such prayer meeting:
“A prayer meeting was conducted and the spiritual fervour was so great that the people
complained the meeting ended an hour too soon. A year ago the prayer meetings were
unknown. Now they are held daily, and sometimes as frequently as three times a day -
even amongst children. Some have doubted whether this is the work of God’s spirit, but
we have witnessed a case in which a man has come under strong conviction of sin, and on
that account has suffered indescribable anguish from which nothing was able to deliver
him but prayer and simple faith in the expiatory sufferings of our Lord Jesus Christ.” (J.
du Plessis, The life of Andrew Murray of South Africa, p.199
9. A second Revival would come to Montagu in 1874, the revival of 1860 was a prayer
revival. The Revival of 1874 would be one of joy and worship.
1. Members from the Calvina church that Nicholas Hofmeyr had pastored for 6 years had
reportedly been in Montagu during the revival and taken it back to Calvina. (Calvina is
notable north of Cape Town.
3. The distance that congregants lived from the church meant they only attended church 3 or
4 times a year.
4. When the spirit of prayer hit over seven prayer meetings was established in a matter of
days. These members had no minister and did not gather regularly or read what was
happening in other parts of the colony to be influenced. It was clear this had to be God.
(Nicholas Hofmeyr, a brief account of the present revival of religion in some places of
this colony. [Microform copy])
5. The outbreak of revival was mostly felt amongst the Coloureds and Africans. Especially
heartfelt amongst the children seeking with earnestness for their salvation. (Nel, Olea.
6. Multiple prayer meetings arose simultaneously even in the same parts of town.
1. At the time the congregants had mostly just status religion and not true relationship
6. Murray waited 6 months before engaging in preaching for revival after it was established
that no one had worked or preached the revival up.
7. Revival came like a firestorm not to the church members but according to Emma Murray
it came to the farming folk on David Naude’s farm in the Breede River ward of Worcester
(W.M Douglas, Andrew Murray and his message, p.84.)
8. 3 Had been faithfully praying for months (Jan Naude, Miss Van Blerk and a coloured
farmhand known as Soul the Prophet)
a. Alcoholism was rife amongst coloureds and Miss Van Blerk was distressed by
their state
b. Just prior to the outbreak of Revival Miss Van Blerk spent a week in continuous
prayer for the coloureds.
c. When the Holy Spirit broke out it was pandemonium as the people were very
emotional.
d. Due to the overwhelming nature of their conversion, she left to Worcester for one
week. When she came back she was met with the coloured workers singing to
greet her. Liebenberg writes that nearly everyone on the farm was saved. (F.J
Liebenberg, Pamphlet).
9. People from neighbouring farms flocked to these prayer meetings. “White and coloured
all gathered to caste themselves before God in cries of penitence from the depths of their
souls.” ( J du Plessis, p194)
a. One evening soon after the breakthrough of the Revival Andrew Murray arrived
to call the farm meeting to order. He issued warnings and gave the opportunity
for individual prayers. However, the meeting burst into simultaneous pleadings
for forgiveness and mercy. Saul (the coloured man who prayed), confronted
Murray and Naude (the farm owner) saying: “Try now to throw a dam wall
b. Murray would have seen this situation especially challenging as the revival broke
out not amongst the white churchgoers but amongst the Coloureds who had
probably not even been baptized. There was also an intense emotionalism and
other Holy Spirit manifestations, Murray was not a proponent of emotionalism.
d. The Naude farm halted farming operations for 3 months to assist those who came
seeking their salvation.
H) September 1860 Revival Spread to Other Farms in Goudini and Hex River
3. These prayer meetings have carried on now for more than 4 or 5 months. (Nicholas
Hofmeyr, a brief account of the present revival of religion in some places of this colony.
[Microform copy])
1. Revival spread to the village of Worcester one Sunday evening, 60 people had gathered.
2. J.C. de Vries (The leader of the meeting) wrote the following account:
On a certain Sunday evening, there were gathered in a little hall some sixty young people.
I was the leader of the meeting, which commenced with a hymn and a lesson from God’s
Word, after which I engaged in prayer. After three or four others had (as was customary)
given out a verse of a hymn and offered prayer, a Coloured girl of about fifteen years of
age, in service of a farmer from Hex River, rose at the back of the hall and asked if she
might propose a hymn. At first, I hesitated, not knowing what the meeting would think,
but better thoughts prevailed and I replied, Yes. She gave out her hymn-verse and prayed
in moving tones. While she was praying, we heard as it was a sound in the distance,
which came nearer and nearer until the hall seemed to be shaken, and with one or two
exceptions, the whole meeting began to pray – the majority in audible voice, but some in
whispers. Nevertheless, the noise made by the concourse was deafening. A feeling which
I cannot describe took possession of me. Even now, forty-three years after these
occurrences, the events of that never-to-be-forgotten night pass before my mind’s eye like
a soul-stirring panorama. I feel again as I then felt, and cannot refrain from pushing my
chair backwards and thanking the Lord fervently for his mighty deeds. At that time Rev.
A. Murray was minister of Worcester. He had preached that evening in the English
language. When the service was over, an elder [Mr Jan Rabie] passed the door of the hall,
heard the noise, peeped in, and then hastened to call Mr Murray, returning presently with
him. Mr Murray came forward to the table where I knelt praying, touched me, and made
me understand that he wanted me to rise. He then asked me what had happened. I relayed
3. After this outbreak prayer meetings commenced every night of the week.
a. The small hall became too small, they moved to a schoolhouse. This became too
small. They then moved to a larger meeting house.
b. The first night that they met in this larger house Andrew Murray was leading the
meeting. After some initial scripture and prayer, the floor was opened up for
other individual prayers. This quickly turned into a meeting where everyone was
praying allowed in anguish.
c. A stranger had been watching the whole event and as Murray wanted to quiet
down the congregation the stranger said to him: “I think you are the minister of
this congregation, be careful what you do, for it is the Spirit of God that is at
work here. I have just come from America, and this is precisely what I witnessed
there.
(J. du Plessis, pp. 195&196) This was the last time that it is recorded that Murray
tried to calm down a prayer meeting.
4. Multiple reports from throughout the revival time period of people “fainting” or “falling
in the Spirit” (Nel, Olea. South Africa's Forgotten Revival: The Story of the Cape's Great
Awakening in 1860 . Olive Twig Books. Kindle Edition. Chapter 10)
2. Prayer meetings were held on the premises of liquor stores - this helped to reach the
Coloureds who spent all their money on liquor even on Sundays.
1. The Presbytery report for Wellington read the revival there “was a complete awakening
from the dead.”
2. By late 1860 their interest in missions grew to such an extent that they established their
own missionary society. A month or so after the outbreak of Revival the church needed
renovations to fit all the new converts in. However, even after renovations, the church
was still not big enough for everyone to be in one service.
4. Rhenish Mission society was the only mission society present at the April 1860
conference in Worcester. Sure enough, it too had experienced a revival during the last
quarter of 1860. Its revival was mostly amongst native Africans.
5. Interesting to note that Revival did not, for the most part, come to the English
congregations.
6. October 26th, 1860 - The first prayer meeting was held in the big private school called
Paarl Gymnasium in Paarl. This revival was amongst the coloured population in a small
village called Klein Drakenstein, and then also amongst the farmworkers of Dalojosafaat.
(Anonymous. ‘Dr. Andrew Murray: Die herlewing in Suid-Afrika in die jare 1859-1891’,
accompaniment to Versamelde Werke van Andrew Murray: Deel 6: Die Geestelike
toestand van die Kerk, Stellenbosch: Christelike Studente Vereniging van Suid-Afrika,
1944. Retrieved from Reforma: Dr. Andrew Murray tuisblad, p. 1. At: http://
reforma.moreson.org.za/Herlewing_in_Suid_Afrika_Murray.html )
7. However, awakening across Paarl was not seen as fully present until January 1861.
L) Beginning of 1861
Murray waited 6 months from the outset of the revival before he started preaching on it. After the
6 months by the beginning of 1861, he was being invited all around South Africa sharing about
what God was doing. Notably one of the places was Graaff Reinet where his Father Andrew
Murray Snr. led a congregation and had prayed for revival every Friday for 38 years.
1. January 1861
a. After Nicholas Hofmeyr’s October 1860 report on the first wave of revival, the
Evangelical Alliance was ready for another wave of revival to break out.
b. This came after a Conference was held in Liverpool, England calling people to
corporate prayer between January 5th and 13th. This news travelled to the
Evangelical Alliance in Britain who passed it onto the South African Evangelical
Alliance. They called all of the Cape Colony once again to fervent prayer.
c. They also called for another ministers conference on January 16th and 17th.
d. Where the previous calls to prayer by the DRC had landed on deaf ears this time
the call was met with greater fervour and a hunger for Revival. ( Nel, Olea. South
Africa's Forgotten Revival: The Story of the Cape's Great Awakening in 1860 .
Olive Twig Books. Kindle Edition. Chapter 11)
2. Andrew Murray preached on the revivals of 1869 in Cape Town January of 1861
4. The call to prayer and the ministers’ conference in January sparked a second wave of
revival.
M) May 1861
1. Gideon Malherbe ( Son in Law of Van der Lingen) proposed that the church of Paarl meet
every day for the 10 days between Ascension and Pentecost seeking God gathering in
large groups to pray for God to pour out a special blessing. This happened between May
9th and May 19th 1861. (Michiel C. Kitshoff, p. 157)
2. Van der Lingen was reluctant to join these meetings, however, May 1862 he would call
for this 10-day vigil to be observed once again. This would only be after he experienced
his own crisis for salvation May 11th 1861.
3. May 19th, 1861, Van der Lingen expresses: “How many years have I not served God as a
servant? But what a great difference, serving him as a servant and serving Him as a son! I
only now understand the freedom.”
4. In May 1862, Van der Lingen calls for his church to repeat the 10-day prayer meetings.
Other churches follow suit. By 1867 Andrew Murray incorporated evangelical services
into these 10 days of gathering. This practice has continued within the DRC into the
current age with people who do not regularly attend church still feeling obligated to
attend this 10-day focus on prayer.
N) September 1861
A report from the same village of Worcester reported a year later to still be engaging in anguished
prayers praying: “Lord won’t you pour out your Holy Spirit?” “Yes Lord, do it, Oh Lord convert
the unconverted!” (J.D Kestell, p.93.)
O) April 1862
1. Murray realised that he had dipped into preaching and appealing out of his own strength
again especially as church life had started to return to normal.
2. By the end of April 1862, he left his congregation to go and be a missionary to the people
of Transvaal deep in the interior of northern South Africa.
The Dutch East India Company was the sole appointee of pastors, it dictated religious policy,
appointments, governing marriages as well as the conversion of the heathens. Between the
establishment of the colony in 1652 and 1790 only 5 congregations had been planted in the entire
Cape Colony.
D) Afrikaans Community
The Afrikaans community focused first on translating the Old Testament which gave them a
skewed theology within which they believed themselves to be the new chosen people of God -
like the Israelites.
E) Islam
Most workers had turned to Islam because the doors to Christianity were shut to them.
F) Evangelistic Injustice
Many farmers and Afrikaners did not want to evangelize to their workers because it was socially
accepted that if a slave became a Christian and was baptized then the owner was legally bound to
set him/her free. It would also give them access to the rights that were reserved for Christians.
The church council was divided on whether or not the coloureds and the whites should be in the
same churches
This state was reflected throughout the majority of all the Cape Colony and all South Africa prior
to the Revival breaking out.
“Before the days of revival, the situation of our congregation was lamentable. Love of the
world and sin; no earnestness or heartfelt desire for salvation; sinning and idleness - this
was the order of the day.” (Servaas, 1870)
K) Worcester Women’s Restrictions
In Worcester, women were not allowed to take part in audible corporate prayer.
L) “Spiritual Paralysis”
The overarching description of South Africa prior to the Revival of 1860 was “Spiritual
Paralysis.”
B) Second Wave
5. Natal: Ladysmith
6. Transvaal: Hartebeesfontein
(Nel, Olea. South Africa's Forgotten Revival: The Story of the Cape's Great Awakening in 1860.
Olive Twig Books. Kindle Edition. Chapter 13)
2. People were brought into right relationship with Christ and not just status Christianity
3. Breakdown of aversion to missions and black and white and coloured came together in
prayer.
4. Fervency and urgency in prayer and anguish for mercy and salvation.
The stoic experience of God at a distance was gone and replaced with true connection
and true relationship.
A) Small beginnings
1. It was small prayer meetings that preceded and birthed the 1860 Revival. Prayer meetings
that prior to 1860 had no more than 3-4 attendees met regularly. Andrew Murray Snr. set
aside every Friday night for 38 years praying by himself for revival.
2. In most of the towns, there was not even a resident preacher leading them in the prayer
meetings.
B) Catalytic Movements
1. The Revival that would spread to 35 towns across two waves could be traced back to the
returning delegates from the April 1860 conference gathering in Montagu and praying for
Revival. What started as 3 /4 people very quickly turned into a town wrapped with the
3. However, in Worcester district it would start with a Farmer, a female teacher and a
coloured farmworker contending in prayer for revival out on the farms for months. Until
the Holy Spirit would come in power.
3. The 15-year-old Coloured girl singing a hymn on the Worcester Church that would
precede the outbreak of revival there.
C) Gideon Malherbe
Starting the 10-day prayer meetings between Ascension day and Pentecost Sunday.
During the Prayer meetings that were faithfully held by the small groups God would come with
power.
B) Intercession
People would be filled with urgency and anxious fervent prayers for mercy and salvation.
C) Physical Manifestations
People would encounter God “fainting” in the Spirit as well as other physical manifestations.
D) Awakening
It truly was a God moment that seemingly out of nowhere people started to flock to the same
prayer meetings that they had been invited to multiple times before.
1. Before Revival, the monthly organised prayer meetings had little to no attendees. After
revival prayer meetings were held on a weekly basis by the request of the congregants.
2. The DRC embraced the 10-day Pentecost services and prayer meetings.
3. By 1861 more than 50 young men had enrolled to be ministers to meet the great shortage.
b. 15th September 1860 - missions interest was shown amongst DRC members
c. April 1861 - De Wekker (the church journal) - encouraged believers to preach the
gospel to their servants and to allow their sons and daughters to become
missionaries for the first time.
7. Years later these associations would join together to become the Women’s Missionary
Union - which still exists today. Emma Murray (Andrew Murray Jnr’s wife), was its first
president. (J. du Plessis, The life of Andrew Murray of South Africa, p. 486.)
8. By 1927 The missions committee of the cape DRC reported to have 304 serving
missionaries with over 72,000 baptized Africans at the time.
9. The educational work of the foreign missions agencies was incredible.
c. 96,309 pupils
10. Missionaries in Southern Zimbabwe, Botswana, Zambia, Malawi, Sudan as well as the
African tribes in Northern South Africa.
“Extraordinary scenes were witnessed in those days. Anxious cries were uttered, heavy with fear.
Heart-rendering testimonies of conversion were heard. Visions were seen and troubled dreams
dreamt. Here in corporate prayer, elsewhere in quiet dwellings, even behind bushes and rocks, on
mountains and in ravines, men, women, greyheads, children, gentlemen, servants – all kneeling
on the same ground crying for mercy. And none of this expected by anyone, nor prepared by
anyone, nor worked up or preached by anyone. It was all the Spirit of God; and not for a few
hours or days, but months long. Oh! Blessed days! Come speedily to us again with your blessing!
Come speedily again!” Servaas, 1870, reporting on the revival of 1860, (The Forgotten Revival
of South Africa - Chapter 9.)
“The revival first began at the village of Montagu about the month of May and has visited since
the parishes of Worcester and Wellington, a portion of the parish of Tulbagh, and that part of the
parish of the Paarl which is called Klein Drakenstein. Since the month of August, the parish of
Calvinia, situated at a distance of hundreds of miles from these places, has also been affected by
this same religious movement. It is worthy of note that both Montagu and Calvinia were at the
time destitute of a minister, and very inadequately provided with the usual means of grace. In my
humble opinion, this simple fact stamps upon the revival the seal of Divine origin. In none of
these places I have mentioned can it be shown that the revival is connected with special exertions
of any individual.” Nicholas Hofmeyr (Hofmeyr, a brief account of the present revival of religion
in some places of this colony. [Microform copy])
30 years later Andrew Murray would change his mind about the type of preaching required before
and during a revival. “A revival of holiness is what we need.” “We need a preaching about
Christ’s claim on us that will lead us to live entirely for Him and His Kingdom.” “We need a
yielding to the Holy Spirit that will cause us to be led by Him in our entire daily walk.” In
conclusion, I ask to be permitted to give one word of advice to my reader. It is this. It needs time
to grow into Jesus the Vine. Do not expect to abide in Him unless you will give Him that time. It is
not enough to read God’s Word or meditations as here offered, and when we think we have hold of
the thoughts and have asked God for His blessing, to go out in the hope that the blessing will
abide. No, it needs day-by-day time with Jesus and with God. (Andrew Murray, Abide in Christ,
p. 7.)
“In evangelism the preacher calls on people to get saved; in revival people often call on the
preacher to tell them how they can get saved.” Selwyn Hughes (Selwyn Hughes, Why revival
waits, p.10)
“It is worthy of note that the Lord often removes the usual means of blessing that we are so
attached to when He wants to impart extraordinary Joy.” Maria van der Lingen - (M de Villiers,
p 207.)
Main source:
Nel, Olea. South Africa's Forgotten Revival: The Story of the Cape's Great Awakening in 1860 . Olive
Twig Books. Kindle Edition.