Chemistry 313

29 January 2017
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
ℎ
• ∆𝑥∆𝑝 ≥
2𝜋
• An electron moves in a straight line with constant speed,
𝑣 = 1.10 × 106 𝑚Τ𝑠 , which has been measured to a precision of
0.10%. What is the maximum precision with which its position could
be simultaneously measured?
Particle in a box
𝑛2 ℎ 2 𝑛 2 𝜋 2 ℏ2
• 𝐸𝑛 = =
8𝑚𝐿2 2𝑚𝑎2
 Particle In a Box Wavefunction, ground state
Psi(1)
Intensity (arbitrary units)

-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Position (arbitrary units)
 Particle In a Box, N =2
Psi(2)
Intensity (arbitrary units)

-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Position (arbitrary units)

Electron
• Electron in a 5Å box
• Calculate the energy of the ground state.
• Calculate energy separation between the ground state and the first
excited state.
Macroscopic Object
• 141.5 g baseball in a 1.000 meter box.
• Calculate the energy of the ground state.
• Calculate the separation between the ground state and the first
excited state.
1-3 Butadiene