MARGINALIZE

D GROUP
IN THE
PHILIPPINES
 Marginalized Group

• The Merriam Webster dictionary definition of

marginalisation to assign to an powerless position within a
society or a group.
• Within the academic literature, some simply state that
marginalised groups are ‘populations outside of
“mainstream society”’ (Schiffer K, 2008).
• One very important role of these marginalized groups is to
preserve their culture which is a significant aspect of a
community.
 Rights of the Marginalized
Sectors
• Right to dignity
• Right to a Just compensation and observance of rest periods,
and holidays
• Right to a Just compensation and observance of rest periods,
and holidays
• Freedom from exploitation and harassment
• Right to organize
• Right to redress grievances
  ISSUES
AND
Absence of sufficient or
CONCERNS
alternative employment Low production and low
opportunities wages

Harassment Absence of organize

union

Exploitation Exposure to occupation

hazards

Lack of social and political Lack of standard sets in

status labor laws
EXISTING MEASURES PROTECTING
AND PROMOTING THE RIGHTS OF
THE MARGINALIZED SECTOR
• Issuance of  Memo Circular No. 335 which extended
the scope of the Philippine Human Rights Plan to
include marginalized sectors
• TESDA, DOLE, and LGU’s joint effort in
implementing the Training Delivery for the Informal
Sector (TDIS)project
• Introduction of the work improvement on small
enterprise (WISE) Program which aimed to assist
small and medium enterprise workers, improve their
working conditions and productivity
EXISTING MEASURES PROTECTING
AND PROMOTING THE RIGHTS OF
THE MARGINALIZED SECTOR
• Expansion of Social Amelioration Program (SAP) for
sugar workers to cover other industries
• Implementation of the program for rural
employment through Self-Employment and
Entrepreneurship Development (PRESEED) which
provides funding for livelihood projects of
marginalized sector
• Strengthening of labor education program on
unorganized workers and small and medium-sized
enterprise
EXISTING MEASURES PROTECTING
AND PROMOTING THE RIGHTS OF
THE MARGINALIZED SECTOR
• Establishment of cooperatives
• Social reform agenda
BANGSAMORO
• The collective term Moro people or Bangsamoro
people refers to the 13 Islamized ethnolinguistic
groups of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan.
• Their population numbers from 5-6 million and share
a distinct culture, speak different dialects, but share a
common belief in Islam. This is a uniting factor among
the different groups.
• The Muslim Moros originally had an independent
state known as the Sulu Sultanate, which once
exercised sovereignty over the present day
provinces of Basilan, Palawan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi
Bangsamoro as Marginalized Group

• The Bangsamoro belongs to the poorest of the

poor with majority of them earning a living
as peasant farmers and fisherfolk.

• The lack of support from government in the

form of subsidies and credit facilities has
forced them to turn to local traders who
subject them to usurious practices.
 BANGSAMORO BASIC
LAW
• “The proposed Basic Law on the
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region (BLBAR) is
seen to end the marginalization of Muslims
and bring social justice through a new and
more inclusive government structure in the
Bangsamoro” - Rufus
Rodriguez.(2015).2nd District Rep. of
Cagayan de Oro
• GOVERNMENT. Based on the Organic Law, the
autonomous Bangsamoro government system is
parliamentary-democratic similar to the one
practiced in the United Kingdom which is based on
a political party system.
• EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. The executive council advises
the Regional Governor on matters of governance of
the autonomous region. It was composed of the
regional governor, 1 regional vice governor, and 3
deputy regional governors (each representing the
Christians, the Muslims, and the indigenous
cultural communities)
• CABINET. The Bangsamoro Cabinet is composed of
• LEGISLATIVE . The ARMM had a unicameral
Regional Legislative Assembly headed by a
Speaker. It was composed of three members for
every congressional district.
• EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. The executive council
advises the Regional Governor on matters of
governance of the autonomous region. It was
composed of the regional governor, 1 regional vice
governor, and 3 deputy regional governors (each
representing the Christians, the Muslims, and the
indigenous cultural communities)
 The establishment of the
Bangsamoro could lead to three
major scenarios:
• It will likely increase economic output,
employment, and investments, thereby increasing
the region’s and Mindanao’s overall contribution
to the national output and development;
• As the security condition normalizes and
economic activity resumes with in the region, the
intra- and interregional trade between and
among the Mindanao regions, and with other
regions in the country will be enhanced, in
• The sustained policies for peace and the
continuing and committed investments in social,
physical, economic, and cultural infrastructure
will likely correct socioeconomic disparities in the
region and the rest of Mindanao, raise human
development, and reduce multidimensional
poverty.
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
• People that inhabited the country during colonzation but succeeded in
retaining their cultures and traditions
• Subject to inequality, discrimination and exploitation up until the latter
part of 1996
• Often referred as the most poor, least priveleged, and impeded members of
society
 Indigenous Groups/ Tribes:
• Igorot- comprises numerous tribes in the Northern part of the
country, mostly found in mountain ranges of Cordillera region.
• Lumad- non-Muslim Indigenous people from the southern part of the
country. (Mostly found from Mindanao and western Visayas)
• Badjao
• Palawan Tribes
• Ati and Tumandok
• Mangyan
• Aeta
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE RIGHTS’ ACT
Republic Act No. 8371
“IP’s rights to ancestral domains, self-governance
and empowerment, social justice and human rights,
and rights to cultural identity”
SIGNED: FIDEL V. RAMOS
OCT 22 1997
 Determinants of
IP’s Political Participation
• INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S ORGANIZATION
• KATUTUBONG SAMAHAN NG PILIPINAS
• KALIPUNAN NG MGA KATUTUBONG MAMAMAYAN SA
PILIPINAS
• NATIONAL COMMISSION ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
OTHER IP SUPPORT GROUP/S
• UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
WOMEN
 ROLES OF WOMEN IN THE
SOCIETY
• Women as Caretakers-Women are the primary caretakers of
children and elders in every country of the world.
• Women as Educators- Women are the mother in the family who
most often urges children of both genders to attend and stay in
school.
• Women in the Workforce- Women's formal and informal labor can
transform a community from a relatively autonomous society to a
participant in the national economy.
• Women as Global Volunteers. Women volunteers help ensure
academic accessibility, foster parent involvement, offer psycho-
social support, provide nutrition and health education, fund
girls' scholarships, construct schools with girls' bathrooms, tutor
literacy, and numeracy, and so much more.
 ROLES OF WOMEN IN
POLITICS
• Women's political participation is a fundamental prerequisite
for gender equality and genuine democracy.
• It facilitates women's direct engagement in public decision-
making and is a means of ensuring better accountability to
women.
 L AW S P R O T E C T I N G W O M E N

v105-Day Expanded Maternity Leave Law

vProhibition on Discrimination Against Women
vAnti- Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004
vAssistance for small-scale Women Entrepreneurs
vAnti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
vThe Anti-Rape Law of 1997
vRape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998
vMagna Carta of Women
vNational Women’s Day
• WOMEN EMPOWERMENT- It is giving reservation (not
equal opportunities) to empower women but it doesn't treat
women apart with men so this gives special treatment and
reservations to women so that they could be in parity with men.
• FEMINISM- It treats women at par with men. It thinks if men
can travel by standing then women can also do the same. They
are equally capable and doesn't believe in giving special
privilege and reservation to women.
• Example of Empowered Women are:
-Miriam Defensor-Santiago, Gina Lopez, Gabriella Silang
THANK YOU