HYDROLOGY

COUSE NO: CE573

PRE-REQUISITE: FLUID MECHANICS
What is
Hydrologic
cycle?

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
 TRANSPIRATION
It is the process where plants absorb
water through the roots and give them
off water vapor through pores in their
leaves.
EVAPORATION
It is the process of a substance in a
liquid state changing into gaseous state
due to an increase in temperature
EVAPORATION AND and/or pressure.
TRANSPIRATION
EVAPOTRANSPORATION
(EVAPOTRANSPIRATION)
It is the sum of evaporation from the
land surface plus transpiration from
plants.

Interrelationships Phases of the Hydrologic Cycle

 CONDENSATION

Process by water vapor (gas) turns into

water (liquid). It is the opposite of
CONDENSATION evaporation. (in a form of clouds)

PRECIPITATION
It is where water released from the
clouds in form of rain, freezing rain,
sleet, snow or hail. It is the primary
connection in the water cycle that
provides for delivery of atmospheric
PRECIPITATION water to the earth.

Interrelationships Phases of the Hydrologic Cycle

 SURFACE RUN-OFF
It is water from rain, snowmelt or
other sources, that flows over the land
surface, and is a major component of
the water cycle.

SURFACE RUN-OFF

PERCOLATION

It is where the rainfall seeps

underground.
PERCOLATION

Interrelationships Phases of the Hydrologic Cycle

Interrelationships Phases of the Hydrologic Cycle
How can humans affect the hydrologic cycle?
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND HUMAN IMPACT
Deforestation Industry Urbanization

Use of toxic chemicals that the

Clear cutting forests reduce the
ground to contaminate • Pollution
amount of water plants return to
the atmosphere by transpiration. groundwater. (# of human • Water Flushing
activities)
• Flooding
Agriculture Irrigation • Decrease soil Moisture

Use of toxic chemicals in agriculture

and runoff from chemical fertilizers and
pesticides can pollute surface water or
seep into the ground to contaminate
groundwater.
It affect the cycle through water
use demand-irrigation by affecting
evaporation and run-off.

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND HUMAN IMPACT

Deforestation Industry Urbanization

Use of toxic chemicals that the

Clear cutting forests reduce the
ground to contaminate • Pollution
amount of water plants return to
the atmosphere by transpiration. groundwater. (# of human • Water Flushing
activities)
• Flooding
Agriculture Irrigation • Decrease soil Moisture

Use of toxic chemicals in agriculture

and runoff from chemical fertilizers and
pesticides can pollute surface water or
seep into the ground to contaminate
groundwater.
It affect the cycle through water
use demand-irrigation by affecting
evaporation and run-off.

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND HUMAN IMPACT