Introduction

Control system
Lecture 1
Lesson
Objectives:
Lesson Objectives:
1. Introduction
2. Control system terminology-system, control,
feedback, transfer function.
3. Linear Time invariant system
Lesson Objectives 01

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 Introduction

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Examples 4
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•Temperature Sensor
•Proximity Sensor
• Toaster
•Accelerometer
•IR Sensor
• Ice(Infrared
CreamSensor)
factory
•Pressure Sensor
•Light Sensor
•Ultrasonic Sensor
•Smoke, Gas and Alcohol
Sensor
•Touch Sensor
•Color Sensor
•Humidity Sensor
•Tilt Sensor
•Flow and Level Sensor

Examples 5
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• A control system consists of subsystems and processes (or plants)
assembled for the purpose of obtaining a desired output with desired
performance, given a specified input.

Systems: collections of subsystems/components

Input: reference value/actuation signal/set point

Output: measured response/actual result

Control System Definition 6

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• Consider an elevator

• A control system in
its simplest form
• The input
represents a
desired output

When the eighth-floor button is pressed on the first floor, the elevator rises to the eighth
floor with a speed and floor levelling accuracy designed for passenger comfort

Example 7
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• The performance of the elevator can be seen from the elevator response
curve in the figure.
• Two major measures of performance are apparent: (1) the transient
response and (2) the steady-state error.
• In our example, passenger comfort and passenger patience are dependent
upon the transient response. If this response is too fast, passenger comfort
is sacrificed; if too slow, passenger patience is sacrificed.
• The steady-state error is another important performance specification
since passenger Safety and convenience would be sacrificed if the
elevator did not properly level.
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Control system 8
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What is a control system?

“A control system consists

of subsystems and plant
assembled for the purpose
of controlling the outputs
of the plants.”
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Elements of a control system?

Any control system consist of four elements:

1. The input is the desired response of a
control system
2. The output is the actual response of a
control system
3. Subsystem is any system that helps
controlling the output of the control
system
4. A plant is a system in which its output is
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the one to be controlled
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Lesson Objectives 02

 Control system
terminology-system,
control, feedback, transfer
function

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Control system types

Two types:
1. Open loop control system
2. Closed loop control system.
Also called Feedback control
system or Automatic control
system 12
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 Sun Light or
Blocked light

Desired On-Off Actual

light Bulb Room
Switch Light

Open loop system 13

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 Sun Light or blocked
light
Desired
On-Off Actual
light Bulb Room
Switch Light

Light
sensor

Closed-loop control system

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