AGSC 55 Learning Guide

Republic of the

(CvSU)
DON SEVERINO DE LAS ALAS CAMPUS
Indang,

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD, ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

AGSC 55: General Physiology and Toxicology

First Semester, AY 2020 – 2021

Course Description: Comparative physiology and functional mechanisms of pest groups

and chemical and physical properties of insecticides, their behavior and biological impact.
(CMO No. 14, S. 2008)

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the students should be able to:
1. Apply the principles of insect physiology and toxicology in effective pest management;
2. Apply scientific method in the conduct of physiological/toxicological research;
3. Develop an understanding on performing bioassays on insect or other pests;
4. Analyze the classes of pesticides, types of pesticide formulations and inert
ingredients;
5. Employ relevant tools in information technology in solving crop protection-related
problems;
6. Promote consciousness in the application of agricultural technology among workers
for public safety.

Course Content

I. Orientation and Course Overview

II. Concepts of Physiology and Toxicology

Module 1: Concepts of Physiology and Toxicology of Pests

III. Insect Physiology

Module 2: Insect Growth, Development and Reproduction

Module 3: Metabolic Systems, Coordination and Integration in Insects

IV. Insecticide Research and Development, Bioassay and Probit Analysis

Module 4: Research and Development Process, Data Generation and Economic

Aspects of Insecticide Use

Module 5: Types of Bioassay and Probit Analysis

V. Insecticide Classification
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Module 6: Chlorinated Hydrocarbon, Organophosphorus, Carbamate and

Pyrethroid, Neonicotinoid, Developmental and Microbial Insecticides

Module 7: Insecticide Formulations and Surface Active Agents

VI. Movement of Insecticides in the Environment

Module 8: Residues and Environmental Alteration of Insecticides

Module 9. Hazards of Insecticides to Non-target Organisms

Course Calendar

PERIOD / COURSE
COURSE MATERIAL EXPECTED OUTPUT
DATE CONTENT
I. Orientation and Instructor’s PPT (presented
Week 1 Activity 1: Setting of
Course through online,
Sept 7 – 11 Expectations
Overview synchronous session)
Activity 2: Application of
II. Concepts of Module 1: Concepts of
Week 2 Concepts of Physiology
Physiology and physiology and
Sept 14 – 18 and Toxicology in real
Toxicology toxicology
life situation
Module 2: Insect Growth, Activity 3: Video (10 min)
Week 3
Development and Presentation on Life
Sept 21 – 25 III. Insect
Reproduction Cycle of an Insect
Physiology
Week 4 Module 3: Metabolic Activity 4: Internet search
Sept 28 – Oct Systems, Coordination report on metabolic
2 and Integration of Insects system of insects
Activity 5: Research
Week 5 Module 4: Research and Proposal on Bioassay of
Oct 5 – 9 IV. Insecticide Development Process 3 Botanicals Against
Research and Specific Pest
Development, Activity 6: Critique Paper
Economic and Module 4: Data Generation, on Data Generation/
Week 6
Legal Aspects Economic and Legal Economic and Legal
Oct 12 – 16
of Insecticide Aspects of Insecticide Use Aspects of Insecticide
Use, Bioassay Use
Week 7 and Probit Activity 7: LC/LD50
Module 5 : Probit Analysis
Oct 19 – 23 Analysis computation for Activity 5
Activity 8: Research
Week 8 Module 5: Types of
Paper Report on
Oct 26 – 30 Bioassay
Bioassay of Botanicals
Week 9
Midterm Examination
Nov 2 – 6
V. Insecticide Module 6: Chlorinated
Week 10 Classification, Hydrocarbon, Carbamate Activity 9: Assessment
Nov 9 – 13 Formulation Organophosphorus and on Insecticide Utilization
Pyrethroid Insecticides and Formulations being
Module 6: Neonicotinoid, used in Various Towns of
Week 11 Cavite and Batangas
Developmental and
Nov 16 – 20
Microbial Insecticides
Week 12 Module 7: Insecticide Activity 9
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Formulations and Inert

Nov 23 – 27
Ingredients
Module 7: Insecticide
Week 13
Formulations and Inert
Nov 28-Dec1
Ingredients
Activity 10: One-page
Module 8: Residues and
Week 14 Report on Insecticide
Environmental Alteration
Dec 7 – 11 Residues Found on
VII. Movement of of Insecticides
Vegetables
Insecticides
in the
Activity11: E-Photo-
Environment Module 9: Hazards of
Week 15 collage of effects of
A. Residues of Insecticides to Non-Target
Dec 14 – 18 insecticides to non-target
Insecticides Organisms
organisms
B. Environmental
alteration of
Activity12: Webinar on
Webinar on Application of
Application of
Week 16 Agricultural Technology
Agricultural Technology
Jan 4 – 8 Among Workers for Public
Among Workers for
Safety
Public Safety
Week 17
Evaluation and Review
Jan 11 – 15
Week 18
Final Examination
Jan 18 – 22

Course Materials / Readings / References

All modules, handouts/PPTs, and other reading materials will be made available in
the course site (CvSU E-Learning System) two weeks before their schedule of use. You can
access these modules at your convenience within this period.

Course Requirements

For this course, you will perform a total of 12 activities (six group activities and six
individual activities). These activities will be a combination of written, experimental,
observational and collaborative activities.

You will also take two major exams (Midterm and Final Exams) and these are
scheduled on Weeks 9 and 18, respectively.

The grading system that will be used is:

Major examinations - 60%

Student’s portfolio / activities - 30%
Class participation - 10%
Total - 100%

The passing score is 70% and that is equivalent to 3.0.

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Detailed Instructions on Requirements

For Activity 2, describe at least five real life situations where the concepts of
physiology and toxicology maybe utilized or applied. This will definitely reveal if you have
understood the principles of physiology and toxicology.

For Activity 3, collect at least 3 or more larvae of an insect or other pest of your own
choice in your backyard and rear them. Feed them with young leaves where you have
collected them and video their activities everyday until they become adults. Be sure to place
them in a container that is free from ants and other animals which are prone to harm or eat
them. Record important dates where they molt and change to another stage of their life cycle.
Finalize your video including voice over or labels. Video Report may be sent one week before
the Final Exam.

Activity 5 is an experimental research in group of two’s, where you will prepare a

research proposal complete with Introduction, Review of Literature, Materials and Methods,
on the utilization of 3 botanicals against a specific pest of your own choice. While searching
for your insect for life cycle study in Activity 3, see to it that you are already searching for
larvae having at least 75 to 80 in population. You may also use termites/ headlouse or
cockroach. However, insect pests of crops are more preferred. You have to inform me of
your topic (Test insect and Botanicals), so that there will be no duplication. You should have
finished your Bioassay experiment (Activity 5) before conducting Activity 7.

In Activity 6, you may choose between Data Generation on Insecticide Use or

Economic and Legal Aspects of Insecticide Use. Search a journal paper of this nature and
make a critique as to the content of the paper. Follow the format on how to prepare a critique
paper. (How to Write a Critique in Five paragraphs (2019. http://www..wikihow.com /Write-a-
Critique-in-Five-Paragraphs…)

Activity 7 is learning the basics of computing for LD/LC 50. There are available
materials (Step by step guide) in the Internet on how to compute for LD50. You may as a
class, ask a classmate or an advanced student, as a peer teacher, who can explain to you
the intricacies of LC50. However, you should have generated your data from Activity 5, so
that you will have something to work on.

Activity 9 may be done in groups of 5 or 6 depending on the location of your home.

Each member of the group will be collecting different insecticide labels from your home, your
neighbors’ farm and those around your house. Each group should have accumulated at least
30 insecticide labels for evaluation of the insecticide classification, formulation and inert
ingredients. These will be tabulated and analyzed as to the classification of insecticides, type
of insecticide formulation, and inert ingredients being used in your neighborhood. Discuss the
implication of your results. Each group will share the data but each member of the group is
required to turn in his/her own report.

Activities 10 and 11 will be individual work through internet search but with different
outputs, such as a one-page report on reported residues of insecticide on vegetables, and a
collage of photographs of effects of insecticides on non-target organisms, respectively.
These organisms could be useful insects, organisms other than the pests, higher animals
and human beings.

Activity 12 is a collaboration of all students taking up AGSC11 and AGSC 55. You will
be meeting online to discuss all the preparations for a conduct of webinar regarding “
Application of Agricultural Technology Among Workers for Public Safety “. You may select a
speaker from the Industry, invite the possible speaker including his/her availability (our
scheduled date is the first week of January 2021) for one hour of talk and 15-30 minutes of
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open forum. The other members of the class will be given assignments as to zoom details,
program, open forum, registration, certificates, evaluation, etc.

Course Policies

1. At the start of the semester, you will be asked to sign an Honor Pledge as an oath to
your honest commitment and participation in the flexible learning arrangement to be
employed by the University this Semester.
2. During online-synchronous sessions, you shall wear a decent attire and shall observe
proper netiquette throughout the session.
3. For offline, asynchronous activities, you are expected to work diligently on assigned
tasks and to submit outputs on time.
4. All major exams, particularly Midterm and Final Examinations shall be administered
as scheduled (based on the University Calendar).
5. If you miss a major examination or any class activity, your absence may be excused
and you shall be allowed to make up for it only when your reasons are acceptable as
assessed by your instructor.
6. Any form of cheating and dishonesty shall not be tolerated. Once you are found guilty
of such, your chance to earn points or grades for the specific outputs shall be
automatically forfeited.
7. The University’s Grading System shall be followed as appropriate for this flexible
learning arrangement.

Additional Instructions

1. Read carefully all instructions for each task before working on the requirements.
2. All questions related to requirements shall be coursed through email only. Replies will
be sent during office hours. Private and personal messages will not be entertained.

Information about the Teacher

I am the faculty-in-charge for this course: EVELYN O. SINGSON, PhD, a Licensed

Agriculturist and a full-time faculty member of Department of Crop Science, CAFENR, Cavite
State University. I obtained the degrees: BS Agriculture major in Entomology, MS in
Entomology and PhD, major in Entomology and Cognate in Plant Pathology, all from the
University of the Philippines, Los Baños. I have been teaching Crop Protection courses
since 1992.

Having worked in the different fields of entomology as a research assistant, then

research specialist, then medical entomologist, before joining Cavite State University, I am
now on my 33rd year of worthwhile service to the University, conducting research on IPM of
coffee and ornamentals and edible insects, and extension activities.

You can contact me through my email address: eosingson@cvsu.edu.ph.

Other Reminders

1. Submit your outputs on time.

2. Late submissions, i. e. within two weeks after the deadline, will only be
accommodated if reasons are valid and justifiable.
3. Follow CvSU rules and regulations as stipulated in the Student Handbook.
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References

A. Required Textbook/Workbook
Abrol, S. (2014). Integrated Pest Management. Elsevier, Inc.

Nation, J.L. (2015). Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, 3rd ed. CRC Press

. Yu, S. J. (2015). The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides. Kindle edition. CRC
Press , Taylor and Francis Group

B. Laboratory Manual
Singson, E.O. (2020). Laboratory Manual in AGSC 11. Cavite State University, Indang,
Cavite

C. Reference Books
Gibb, T.J. (2014). Contemporary Insect Diagnostics – The Art and Science of Practical
Entomology, Academic Press

Hingada, J.L. (2017). Pesticidal Potential of Selected Botanicals Against Rice Weevil,
(Sitophilus oryzae L.), (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Undergraduate Thesis, Cavite
State University, Indang, Cavite

Klowden, M.J. (2013). Physiological System in Insects. Academic Press

Matsumura, F. (1985). General Principles of Insecticide Toxicology, Plenum Press

Patnaik, B.D. (2013). A Textbook of Entomology, 2nd Ed. Dominant Publishing

D. Electronic References

Botanical Insecticides as Simple Extractive Pest Control. (2017).html.

https://www.tamfonline.com/doi.full10.1080/23812028.2017.1404274?scroll
Ghousia, B. (Ed) (2018). Insecticides Agriculture and Technology. IntechOpen. Open
Access Peer-Reviewed Edited Volume

How to Write A Critique in Five Paragraphs (2019). Html.

https://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-critique-in-five-paragraphs
Insect Physiology (2017). slideshare.https://www.slideshare.net/natufrank/insect-
physiology

Laramondy, M.L. and Solaneshi, S. (2014). Pesticides, Toxic Aspects, E Book

Saud Al-Hamady, M. (2019). Pesticides, Anthropogenic Activities and the Health of our
Environment Safety. http://www.intechopen.com/books/pesticides-use- and-
misuse-and-the-impact-in-the-health-of-ourenvironment-safety

Stoycheva, M. (2012). Pesticides in the Modern World: Risks and Benefits, EBook
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