APPAREL

QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
Topic: –
Exploration on creating care labelling instructions for various
articles of apparel.

Submitted by: -
Prince (BFT/18/513)
 Contents
S. No. Description Page No.
1. Introduction 3
2. Men’s Joggers 4-6
3. Men’s Winter Jacket 7-10
4. Men’s Formal Shirt 11-13
5. Men’s T-Shirt 14-16
6. Men’s Chinos 17-19
7. Men’s Denim Jacket 20-22
8. Men’s Casual Blazer 23-25
9. Men’s Sweater 26-28
10. Baby’s Cloth (Upper & Lower) 29-32
11. Women’s Kurti 33-36
12. References 37
What is the care labelling rule?
The Care Labelling Rule was issued by the Federal Trade Commission in 1971 to
assist consumers in obtaining information about the care of clothing items. It
was revised in 1984. It applies to all manufacturers and importers of textile
wearing apparel and piece goods.
What must be labelled?
All textile wearing apparel used to cover or protect All textile wearing apparel
used to cover or protect.
What does not require a label?
 Totally reversible garments without pockets.
 Items that can be washed and dry-cleaned by the strongest possible
method without harm.
 Garments where a label would harm their appearance.
What information is required?
Care labels for textile wearing apparel must provide either washing or dry-
cleaning instructions. Care labels must also warn about any part of a
prescribed procedure that is reasonably expected to be used that could harm
the garment.
Care Labelling Systems
There are five care labelling systems which are generally used on care labels.
These systems are:
 The International Care Labelling System
 The Japanese Care Labelling System
 The Canadian Care Labelling System
 The European Care Labelling System
 The American Care Labelling System
 MEN’S
JOGGERS
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNITTED
CATEGORY JOGGERS
BRAND LEE COOPER
SIZE S
COLOR ECRU
WAIST 72cm
FIBRE CONTENT 98% COTTON
2% ELASTANE
COUNTRY OF INDIA
ORIGIN
CARE LABEL

INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
MACHINE  Before washing, check the label to see the amount of
WASH AT elastane or spandex that garment contains. If it’s 5% or
40OC less, you can wash and dry the item as normal. If it’s
higher, give it a little extra attention.
 Higher temperatures encourage the loss of dye and fade
black and bright clothes by opening up the fibres. Warm
water has good cleaning power without being too
aggressive on fabrics. It’s ideal for cotton, linen, and
durable synthetics that are somewhat dirty, but not
heavily soiled (for heavily soiled items, use hot water).
WASH DARK  Dye in darker coloured clothing can seep into lighter
COLOR coloured clothing during the washing process and light
SEPARATELY clothing can turn into off-shade colours and be ruined.
DO NOT  Chlorine bleach weakens the cotton fibres, and so if they
are thin/fine to begin with, they can develop holes.
BLEACH
 The bleach weakens the fibres and returns the polymers
back to their original colour, yellow. Even white fabrics
made from natural fibres like cotton and linen can turn
yellow if they are exposed to too much chlorine bleach.
TUMBLE DRY  The cracks that appear in cotton fibres after high-
LOW temperature drying can reduce fabric strength by 25
percent or more.
 Since it contains 98% cotton, it might get shrunk at high
temperatures of drying.
MEDIUM  Iron cotton-blends on medium heat and use steam. Iron
IRON (150OC) the garment inside out or place a press cloth, such as a
clean cotton handkerchief or fabric scrap, between the
iron and the fabric to prevent iron marks and shine.
 Low temperature might not straighten the fibres leaving
wrinkles and high temperature might harm the 2% elastane.
MEN’S
WINTER
JACKET
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC RIB KNIT, WOVEN, LINING, PADDING
CATEGORY MEN’S WINTER JACKET
BRAND WOODLAND
SIZE 59.5cm/M
COLOR TURKISH COFFEE
FIBRE CONTENT SHELL 100% POLYESTER
LINING 100% POLYESTER
RIB 95% POLYESTER
5% SPANDEX
PADDING 100% POLYESTER
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN BANGLADESH

CARE LABEL
 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
TURN GARMENT  It protects decorative elements of your clothing
INSIDE OUT, CLOSE from damage.
ALL FASTENERS  Rubbing of garments with another during washing
BEFORE WASH creates friction & this friction results in fuzziness,
rough hand feel & pilling, while inside out, outer
appearance is not hampered.
MACHINE WASH  Polyester is a type of plastic, so if the water is too
COLD WITH LIKE hot, it will melt and make the fabric rigid and
unwearable.
COLORS  Also, this garment contains 5% Spandex so it also
requires washing at low temperature.
 The polyester will absorb any stray dye - even if the
garments have been washed loads of times - and
will, at best, look dull or become a dirty looking.
DO NOT SOAK  Do not soak. Do not leave the garment in the water
as the dyes in garments can easily migrate.
 Bleach is generally used to whiten the fabric, but
DO NOT BLEACH
since it is dark coloured fabric, it will hamper the
appearance of the garment.
 It is generally not recommended for polyester
fabrics. It also weakens or create holes in fabric; do
not use bleach on items you cannot risk losing.
Bleach removes clothing dye, so it is irreversible.
TUMBLE DRY LOW  Make sure to place the dryer on low heat. This is
because polyester can melt or shrink when exposed
to high heat levels.
DONOT USE  Testing of store-bought softeners on cotton and
SOFTENER polyester showed the negative effects on the
fabrics’ intended abilities to wick moisture and
breathe. These are side effects– not the original
purpose of fabric softener.
DRY INSIDE OUT IN  Drying out in the sun leads to gradual shrinkage.

SHADE
 The trouble with ironing polyester is that it's
DO NOT IRON basically made of plastic and will melt if an iron is
(DO NOT IRON too hot. It gets burn marks very easily too.
DIRECTLY ON PRINT,  Also, in prints, embroidery and trims, hot iron can
EMBROIDEY AND stick to the print, damaging it, damaging the
TRIMS) embroidery thread and trims like buttons etc. also
melts in high heat.
DO NOT DRY CLEAN  Garments are soaked in a solvent such as
 tetrachloroethylene, perchloroethylene or
petroleum spirits, and then spun and steamed to
remove the solvent.
 Since it is synthetic fibre, chemical may react to
each other damaging the fibres and also steam
makes the garment stiff.
MEN’S
FORMAL
SHIRT
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC WOVEN
CATEGORY MEN’S FORMAL SHIRT
BRAND PARK AVENUE
SIZE M
COLOR SHADY BLUE
FIBRE CONTENT 50% COTTON
50% POLYESTER
COUNTRY OF INDIA
ORIGIN

CARE LABEL
 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
MACHINE WASH  While cotton tends to wrinkle more easily, polyester
WARM (40OC) does not. Also, while cotton is a natural fibre,
(GENTLE CYCLE) polyester is synthetic.
 Polyester is a type of plastic, so if the water is too
hot, it will melt and make the fabric rigid and
unwearable.
 Since both are present in this so, it is best to have
warm water rather than hot water and cold water
would not be able wash cotton fibres.
 The Gentle program aims to limit the wear and tear
on your clothes, plus helps to prevent shrinking and
breakdown of material. It can, however, decrease
the level of clean in some instances.
WASH DARK  Dye in darker coloured clothing can seep into
COLOUR lighter coloured clothing during the washing
SEPARATELY process and light clothing can turn into off-shade
colours and be ruined.
DO NOT BLEACH  It is generally not recommended for polyester
fabrics. It also weakens or create holes in fabric; do
not use bleach on items you cannot risk losing.
Bleach removes clothing dye, so it is irreversible.
 Chlorine bleach weakens the cotton fibres, and so if
they are thin/fine to begin with, they can develop
holes.
TUMBLE DRY LOW  Cotton fibres shrink after wash so it is needed to fry
it in warm air, not too much heat, to return the
garment to original size.
 But since it contains polyester fibre, excess heat can
melt the fibres.
WARM IRON  Pure Polyester is prevented from ironing but since it
is a blend, warm setting is used.
(MAX. 150OC)  Warm setting does not melt the Polyester content
and the heat is just enough to straighten the cotton
fibres.
MEN’S
T-SHIRT
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY MEN’S T-SHIRT
BRAND ZUDIO
SIZE M
COLOR STRIPED NAVY BLUE
FIBRE CONTENT 51% COTTON
47% POLYESTER
2% ELASTANE
COUNTRY OF INDIA
ORIGIN
CARE LABEL
 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
MACHINE WASH  While cotton tends to wrinkle more easily,
WARM (40OC) polyester does not. Also, while cotton is a natural
(GENTLE CYCLE) fibre, polyester is synthetic. Elastane is less than
5%, so we can wash normally.
 Polyester is a type of plastic, so if the water is too
hot, it will melt and make the fabric rigid and
unwearable.
 Since both are present in this so, it is best to have
warm water rather than hot water and cold water
would not be able wash cotton fibres.
 The Gentle program aims to limit the wear and tear
on your clothes, plus helps to prevent shrinking and
breakdown of material. It can, however, decrease
the level of clean in some instances.
DO NOT BLEACH  It weakens or create holes in polyester fibres; do
not use bleach on items you cannot risk losing.
Bleach removes clothing dye, so it is irreversible.
 Chlorine bleach weakens the cotton fibres, and so if
they are thin/fine to begin with, they can develop
holes.
DO NOT TUMBLE  Since in knit fabrics, tumble dry results in shrinkage
of the garment. So, it is advised to line dry this
DRY garment in shade to avoid fading of colour in
sunlight.
MEDIUM/WARM  Pure Polyester is prevented from ironing but since it
is a blend, warm setting is used.
IRON  Warm setting does not melt the Polyester content
and the heat is just enough to straighten the cotton
fibres.
DO NOT DRY CLEAN  Dry clean used petrochemicals, heat to remove
stains, wash and dry the garment.
 Due to thickness increase and disturbance in the
fibre assembly and formation of bulkier structure,
the dry-cleaning process form more amount of
fuzzy fibre on the surface fabric.
 The naps of the knit fabric may be damaged giving
the fabric a dull appearance.
MEN’S
CHINOS
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY MEN’S CHINOS
BRAND NETPLAY
SIZE 28
COLOR BLUE
FIBRE CONTENT 97% COTTON
3% SPANDEX
COUNTRY OF INDIA
ORIGIN

CARE LABEL
 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
WASH INSIDE OUT  Rubbing of garments with another during
washing creates friction & this friction results in
fuzziness, rough hand feel & pilling, while
inside out, outer appearance is not hampered.
MACHINE WASH  The warmer the water becomes the more the
increase bleeding of the dye in the cotton
COLD (30OC) fabric. There will also be a small amount of
shrinkage as the temperature of the water
increases.
 Spandex is less than 5%, so we can it wash
normally.
 So, for higher concentration of cotton fibre it is
best suited to wash it at 30oC.
WASH DARK COLOR  Dye in darker coloured clothing can seep into
SEPARATELY lighter coloured clothing during the washing
process and light clothing can turn into off-
shade colours and be ruined.
DO NOT BLEACH  Chlorine bleach weakens the cotton fibres, and
so if they are thin/fine to begin with, they can
develop holes.
 The bleach weakens the fibres and returns the
polymers back to their original colour, yellow.
Even white fabrics made from natural fibres like
cotton and linen can turn yellow if they are
exposed to too much chlorine bleach.
LINE DRY IN SHADE  The Sun has a tendency to bleach colour
pigments out of the fibres. So, to maintain the
shine of the garment it is best suitable to dry in
shade.
MEDIUM HEAT  You can feel the very small naps in this garment.
IRON IF NEEDED So, if we use high heat setting on it, it burns the
nap, and eventually the garment looks duller
from the bought position.
DO NOT IRON ON  Sticker or leather tag melts away due to the
EMBELLISHMENT heat of the iron, so we do not iron over them.
MEN’S
DENIM
JACKET
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY MEN’S DENIM JACKET
BRAND MAX
SIZE M
COLOR INDIGO
FIBRE CONTENT 100% COTTON
COUNTRY OF BANGLADESH
ORIGIN
CARE LABEL

INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
WASH SEPARATELY  Colour pigments seeps from this garment to
another or vice versa is quite possible as Indigo
dye is quite reactive.
MACHINE WASH  Generally pure cotton is washed at 30 oC to avoid
WARM (40OC) shrinkage, but since this is a heavy jacket with a
complex knit, it requires 40oC to get rid of stains.
(GENTLE CYCLE)  The Gentle program aims to limit the wear and
tear on your clothes, plus helps to prevent
shrinking and breakdown of material. It can,
however, decrease the level of clean in some
instances.
WASH AND DRY  Rubbing of garments with another during
INSIDE OUT washing creates friction & this friction results
in fuzziness, rough hand feel & pilling, while
inside out, outer appearance is not hampered.
USE MILD  Strong detergent may end up bleeding of the
DETERGENT indigo dye.
 Chlorine bleach weakens the cotton fibres,
DO NOT BLEACH and so if they are thin/fine to begin with, they
can develop holes.
 Even white fabrics made from natural fibres
like cotton and linen can turn yellow if they are
exposed to too much chlorine bleach.
 Cotton fibres are generally straightened at
MEDIUM IRON
150oC.
(DO NOT IRON
 Also, in prints, embroidery and trims, hot iron
DIRECTLY ON
can stick to the print, damaging it, damaging
PRINT/EMBROIDERY
the embroidery thread and trims like buttons
OR EMBELLISHMENT)
etc. also melts in high heat.
DO NOT DRY CLEAN  Garments are soaked in a solvent such as
tetrachloroethylene, perchloroethylene or
petroleum spirits, and then spun and steamed
to remove the solvent.
 Since it is synthetic fibre, chemical may react
to each other damaging the fibres and also
steam makes the garment stiff.
NORMAL DRY IN  Avoid direct sunlight as it destroys the indigo
SHADE colour pigment which will turn the garment in
very faded colour shade.
MEN’S
CASUAL
BLAZER
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY MEN’S PARTY BLAZER
BRAND UCB
SIZE S
COLOR BLACK
FIBRE CONTENT SHELL 59% POLYESTER
38% VISCOSE
3% ELASTANE
LINING 100% POLYESTER
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INDIA

CARE LABEL
 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
DRY CLEAN ONLY  By machine washing the lining may shrink
differently than the interlining and the outer
fabric may shrink differently again, it may
twist, the colours may bleed.
 The twisting that occurs in a washing machine
can damage the viscose fibres the most. They
shrink more than any other fabric due to
washing.
 The most important factor is that due to
spinning and washing in machine hampers the
stiff structure of the blazers. The shoulder may
become loose, collar may get soft.
 According to ASTM, it denotes dry clean with
any solvent except trichloroethylene.
 Polyester contains molecules which is highly
reactive to the trichloroethylene. It may
rupture the whole fabric making holes and
abrasion.
 MEN’S
SWEATER
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY MEN’S SWEATER
BRAND COMPANION
SIZE 42
COLOR BLACK
FIBRE CONTENT 30% WOOL
70% ACRYLIC

CARE LABEL
 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
HAND WASH, COOL  Wool is a natural fibre that’s very absorbent,
WASH USING A MILD so it can be prone to shrinking, becoming
SOAP/DETERGENT misshapen, or changing consistency if it is
treated too roughly when washed.
 Machine agitation helps natural fibres to
shrink and felt.
 The garment has naps of wool which gets
snagged or broken during the machine cycle.
The feel of the garment may be lost.
 Hot water causes wool to shrink and acrylic
may melt due to high temperature.
 Rinse it slowly in the water.
DO NOT BLEACH  Wool is acidic. When you combine acidic wool
with basic household bleach, you get a
chemical reaction called a neutralization
reaction and the result is that the bleach
dissolves the wool fibres into a goopy mess
LAY OUT IN FLAT  Always flat dry wool sweaters or other
SHAPE TO DRY knitwear if possible, out of direct sunlight. Line
drying or drying on hangers can cause knitted
garments to stretch due to the weight of the
moisture contained by the garment, with the
result that the garment grows in length and
loses its shape.
DO NOT DRY IN  When drying, avoid direct sunlight, magnified
DIRECT HEAT OR sunlight (close to an outside window) or direct
SUNLIGHT heat.
 The part of the garment that is folded over the
top of the radiator tends to dry the quickest
and can cause the garment colour to change or
damage the garment in this area.
STEAM PRESSING  Generally, these types of garments do not
wrinkle. But if it is required always use low
heat settings.
 Hot iron setting can melt the wool fibre and
also the synthetic acrylic fibre.
 Using steam to loosen the fibre and then
straightening it is fast way to press without
burning the fibres.
BABY
CLOTH
UPPER
AND
LOWER
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY BABY TOP AND BOTTOM
BRAND CARTER’S
SIZE 12m
COLOR GREY
FIBRE CONTENT 100% COTTON
ORIGIN COUNTRY MADE IN CAMBODIYA
CARE LABEL

INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
MACHINE WASH AT  Generally pure cotton is washed at 30 oC to avoid
shrinkage.
30OC  Cotton fibres can absorb up to twice their
weight which loosen the tension.
 Hot water gives the shrinkage effect on the
garment.
ONLY NON-  Since it is a baby clothing, it contains food
CHLORINE BLEACH stains, saliva etc.
 So, to remove the smell, stains, bleach is
WHEN NEEDED
required.
 If we use chlorine bleach it can ruin the colour
of garment and also weakens the cotton fibre
as it is washed frequently.
TUMBLE DRY  Since cotton fibres tend to shrink after
washing, tumble drying is required to return
 the garment to normal length.
MEDIUM
 Using high setting heat may burn up the cotton
fibres.
 Generally, cotton fibres straighten at medium
MEDIUM IRON
setting (150oC)
DO NOT DRY CLEAN  Dry clean uses chemicals to wash the garment
which is harmful to the human body.
 Since, a toddler may chew/lick the garment
and the chemical used in the dry cleaning may
still be present after washing.
WET CLEANING  Wet cleaning chemicals are more gentle than
dry cleaning chemicals. It is a solvent-free,
non-toxic process which uses water.
 After washing strong detergents are stuck
between the fibres which could harm a
toddler, so it is advised to use mild detergents.
WOMEN’S
KURTI
 DESCRIPTION
FABRIC KNIT
CATEGORY KURTI
BRAND AVASSA
SIZE L
COLOR MUSTARD
FIBRE CONTENT 93% COTTON-
7% LINEN
ORIGIN COUNTRY MADE IN INDIA
CARE LABEL

INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
WASH INSIDE OUT  Rubbing of garments with another during
washing creates friction & this friction
results in fuzziness, rough hand feel &
pilling, while inside out, outer appearance is
not hampered.
MACHINE WASH AT  Generally pure cotton is washed at 30 oC to
avoid shrinkage.
30OC  Cotton fibres can absorb up to twice their
weight which loosen the tension.
 When linen fabric becomes wet, the fibres
relax. This causes the fibres to return to
their original size, which causes the fabric to
appear as though it has shrunk.
 Higher temperatures tend to wear linen out
faster.
 Hot water gives the shrinkage effect on the
garment.
WASH DARK COLOR  Dye in darker coloured clothing can seep
SEPARATELY into lighter coloured clothing during the
washing process and light clothing can turn
into off-shade colours and be ruined.
 Chlorine bleach weakens the fibres, and so
DO NOT BLEACH if they are thin/fine to begin with, they can
develop holes.
LINE DRY IN SHADE  Over drying linen can also cause shrinkage.
Linen should never be tumble dried on high
 heat, which not only can cause the fibres to
INSIDE OUT shrink, but break altogether.
 When drying, avoid direct sunlight,
magnified sunlight (close to an outside
window) or direct heat.
 The part of the garment that is folded over
the top of the radiator tends to dry the
quickest and can cause the garment colour
to change or damage the garment in this
area.
MEDIUM IRON (150OC)  At least five or ten minutes before ironing
linen clothes, give them a good spritz with
plain cool water.
 If your ironing board cover is wearing thin or
has heavy staining, use an old terry cloth
towel under the linen. This will pad the
surface, protect any buttons on the
garment, and give you a clean finish.
 Generally, cotton fibres straighten at
medium setting (150oC)
DO NOT IRON DIRECTLY  In prints, embroidery and trims, hot iron can
ON stick to the print, damaging it, damaging the
PRINT/EMBROIDERY OR embroidery thread and trims like buttons
EMBELLISHMENT etc. also melts in high heat.
REFRENCES: -

https://www.glotechrepairs.co.uk/news/why-do-colours-run-in-the-wash/
https://www.hunker.com/13422887/can-i-shrink-polyester-in-the-washing-
machine-or-dryer
https://www.ariel.co.uk/en-gb/how-to-wash/washing-different-
fabrics/polyester
https://hexperformance.com/blogs/news/fabric-softener-is-ruining-your-
clothes
https://www.2ulaundry.com/blog/why-you-should-always-turn-your-clothes-
inside-out-when-washing/
https://www.odorklenz.com/fabric-softener-on-workout-clothes/
https://blog.discountmugs.com/9-advantages-of-polyester-blends-over-cotton
https://www.woolmark.com/care/how-to-dry-a-wool-sweater/
https://www.coats.com/en/Information-Hub/Care-Labels
https://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/bleach-sheep.php
https://www.thespruce.com/wash-and-remove-stains-acrylic-clothes-2147019
https://www.surfexcel.in/laundry/laundry-tips/fabrics/can-wash-wool-
washing-machine.html
https://kreusslerinc.com/wet-cleaning-chemicals-what-is-professional-wet-
cleaning/