ABUTMENT DESIGN

0.4 Deck lvl 576.89

0.3 1.5
1.5 A5 A7
A8
A3 2.8
0.65
Soffit lvl 574.09
2.8 A6 0.5

A2

3.5 1.2 HFL 572.09

4.59
A4 LBL 569.20
A1

5 1.5 4
PCTL 568.00

1.50
PCBL 566.50
10.5

1
Abutment sketch
All dimensions are in meters
 Babai River Bridge

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM

1. Bridge data
Name of Bridge Babai khola Bridge, Dang
Bridge Location google coordinates 27°59'40.84"N 82°26'2.14"E
Bridge Length 140 m
Each span 35 m
Type Of Bridge PSC i.e. Prestressed Concrete
width of superstrcture 11 m (carriage way 7.5m + footpath)
2. Material Data
Unit weight of materials
3
Concrete (ϒc) 25 KN/m
3
macadam (ϒas) 22 KN/m
3
water (ϒw) 10 KN/m
3
soil (ϒs) 18 KN/m
3
Submerged soil density(ϒ') 10 KN/m
Grade of Concrete
abutment stem.dirt wall,return wall M25
Abutment cap M25
Foundation M35
Grade of steel Fe500
2
Permissible stress in steel 240 N/mm
Geotechnical Data
Pile Capacity 1947.3 KN
angle of repose(φ) 28 degree 0.489 radian
Surcharge angle(β) 0 degree 0.000 radian
Angle of back of abutment(α) 90 degree 1.571 radian
angle of friction between soil and wall(δ) 16 degree 0.279 radian
Coefficient of friction 0.5
Calculations:
Abutment
Parameters Stem,Return and Abutment
Dirt wall cap,Pedestal,Stopper Foundation
Modulus of elasticity (Gpa) 29 29 31.5
Permissible direct compressive stress(Mpa) 6.25 6.25 8.75
Permissible flexural compressive stress(Mpa) 8.33 8.33 11.67
Permissible tensile stress(Mpa) 0.61 0.61 0.67
modular ratio(m) 10 10 10
neutral axis depth factor (n) 0.258 0.258 0.327
Lever arm factor (j) 0.914 0.914 0.891
Moment Factor (Q) 0.982 0.982 1.7

Dimension of abutment
b1 1.2 h1 4.59
b2 0.3 h2 1 A6
b3 0.4 h3 3.3 h7=1.20
b4 0.25 h4 0.25
b5 1.9 h5 0.25
b6 3.5 h6 0.3
h8=2.80
h7 1.2
h8 2.8
C.G Calculation (from back bottom face of abutment) all dimesion are in m.

Block Area (Ai) xi yi Volume (V) Weight(Wi) Wixi Wiyi

A1 5.508 1.000 2.295 60.588 1454.112 1454.112 3337.187
A2 1.9 0.950 5.090 20.900 501.600 476.520 2553.144
A3 1.32 0.200 7.240 14.520 348.480 69.696 2522.995
A4 0.6885 1.700 1.530 7.574 181.764 308.999 278.099
A5 4.9 -1.167 6.457 3.920 94.080 -109.760 607.443
A6 4.9 -1.750 7.990 3.920 94.080 -164.640 751.699
A7 0.0625 -0.125 8.465 0.688 16.500 -2.063 139.673
A8 0.03125 -0.083 8.257 0.344 8.250 -0.688 68.118
SUM 2698.866 2032.177 10258.358
x bar 0.753 m
y bar 3.801 m

Loads and Moments In Abutment

Dead load from superstructure 3480 KN
Point of application of DL from back of abututment 0.65 m
Live load with Impact factor
Live load with
Live load Load Class Impact Factor(from Graph) Impact factor Remarks
837.53 class A 1.11 929.66 class A
803.59 70R_Wheel 1.184 951.45 Critical 70R_Wheel
666.3 70R_Tracked 1.1 732.93 70R_Tracked
Therefore, Maximum Live load with Impact 951.45
 Babai River Bridge

Footpath width 1.5 m

Live load including footpath 1161.45 KN
Longidudinal forces
i) Due to Braking Load
1st train 1000 KN
2nd train load 0 KN
total load 200 KN
Additional Vertical force due to Braking 25.71 KN
ii) Force at Bearing
No of longitudinal Girder 2
Applied horizontal force in full span(Fh) 200 KN
Reaction at free end due to dead load(Rg) 3480 KN
Reaction at free end due to live load(Rq) 172.10 KN
Coefficient of friction 0.03
Horizontal force @ each bearing,Fh : Max of (i) and (ii) 54.78 KN
i) 54.78
ii) 54.78
At fixed bearing Non Seismic Seismic
Horizontal force will be greater of the following Full LL No LL
Fh-Ff 145.22 771.62 571.62
or 1/2Fh+Ff 154.78 467.98 1402.98
i) No Seismic Case
Force in fixed bearing 154.78 KN
Force in free bearing 54.78 KN
ii) Seismic Case
Force in fixed bearing 1402.98 KN
Force in free bearing 54.78 KN
iii) Seismic Load
Sa/g 2.5
Z 0.36
I 1.2
R 3
Ah 0.18
Av 0.12
Horizontal Seismic force 62.43 KN
Verical Seimic force 41.62 KN
Seismic force on abutment, Seismic forces due to
abutment and backfill are also considered
Horizontal Seismic force
Superstructure 626.40 KN
abutment 485.80 KN
backfill soil 1584.20 KN
This force act at 0.5*H 4.45 m
Vertical seismic forces
Superstructure 417.60 KN
abutment 323.86 KN
IV) Due to Earth pressure
ka 0.324
Active pressure due to surcharge load 684.42 KN acts @ 0.5h
Active pressure dur to back fill 2535.06 KN acts @ 0.42h
Total 3219.48 KN
Buoyant force
RL of HFL 572.09 m
Deck Level 576.89 m
Abutment top (cap bottom) level 572.59 m
abutment height 4.59 m
Submerged height of abutment during HFL 4.09 m
2
Area of stem @ base 16.5 m
2
Area of stem @ HFL 31.57 m
3
Volume of submerged part of abutment 98.3 m
Upward force due to buoyancy 983 KN
Loads and Moment Calculation
The transverse forces and moments are not calculated since it will not be critical due to high moment of Inertia.
Taking moment about CG of structure
Combination I : Dry Case, Non Seismic
Load Coefficient Horizontal Horizontal Vertical lever Moment
Particular IRC:078-2000 Vertical force(KN) lever arm, m force(KN) arm,(m) (KNm)
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.3 1044
Live load 1 951.45 0.3 285.435
Abutment 1 2698.866 0 0
Soil mass 1 3219.48 3.73 12008.6604
Longitudinal force 1 154.78 6.09 942.6102
Total 7130.316 3374.26 14280.71

Combination II: Dry Case,Seismic

Load Coefficient Horizontal Horizontal Vertical lever Moment
Particular IRC:078-2000 Vertical force(KN) lever arm, m force(KN) arm,(m) (KNm)
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.3 1044
Live load 1 951.45 0.3 285.435
Abutment 1 2698.866 0 0
 Babai River Bridge

Soil mass 1 3219.48 3.73 12008.6604

Longitudinal force 1 1402.97694 6.09 8544.12956
Additional Seismic forces
Superstructure 1 417.6 0.3 125.28
abutment 1 323.86392 0 485.79588 3.8 1846.02434
backfill soil 1 1584.198 4.445 7041.76011
Total 7871.77992 6692.45082 30895.29
Combination III: Flooded Case,Non Seismic
Load Coefficient Horizontal Horizontal Vertical lever Moment
Particular IRC:078-2000 Vertical force(KN) lever arm, m force(KN) arm,(m) (KNm)
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.3 1044
Live load 1 951.45 0.3 285.435
Abutment 1 2698.866 0 0
Soil mass 1 3219.48 4.445 14310.5886
Longitudinal force 1 154.78 6.09 942.6102
Buoyancy 1 -983
Total 6147.316 3374.26 16582.63

Combination IV: Flooded Case, Seismic

Load Coefficient Horizontal Horizontal Vertical lever Moment
Particular IRC:078-2000 Vertical force(KN) lever arm, m force(KN) arm,(m) (KNm)
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.3 1044
Live load 1 951.45 0.3 285.435
Abutment 1 2698.866 0 0
Soil mass 1 3219.48 3.73 12008.6604
Longitudinal force 1 1402.97694 6.09 8544.12956
Buoyancy 1 -983
Additional Seismic forces
Superstructure 1 417.6 0.3 125.28
abutment 1 323.86 0 485.79588 3.8 1846.02434
backfill soil 1 1584.198 4.445 7041.76011
Total 6888.78 6692.45082 30895.29
Maximum Loads 7871.78 6692.45082 30895.29
Based on above comparision the abutment will be
designed for the critical values and checked for
seismic case
Design of abutment steam section
Abutment stem will be designed as compression
member with uniaxial moment
Thickness of stem at base 1500 mm
Length of abutment stem at base 11000 mm
2
Gross sectional area of stem 16500000 mm
percentage of longitudinal tensile reinforcement 0.27 % the percenetage is assumed based on the
percentage of longitudinal compressive reinforcement 0.135 % reinforcement required considering the
Percentage of steel to be provided as per IRC:21- abutment as cantilever and depth is checked at
2000,306.2.2 min reinforcement should be 0.3% 0.405 Ok base accordingly.
2
Total area of reinforcement,Asc 66825 mm
Net area of concrete,Ac 16433175 mm2
Clear cover, d' 40 mm
effective cover,d'' 69 mm
Hence, effective depth,d_eff 1431 mm
4
Moment of Inertia,I 2.68615E+12 mm
3
Section Modulus,Z 3754228500 mm
Radius of gyration,k 413.09 mm
Height of abutment upto abutment cap 5590 mm
Effective length factor (IRC: 21-2000,306.1.2, table 13 ) 1.75
Effective height of abutment 9782.5 mm
Ratio of effective height to radius of gyration 23.68 Short Column IRC:21-2000, 306.1
Non Seismic Case Seismic Case
Compressive load,P(KN) 7130.316 7871.78
Moment,M(KNm) 16582.63 30895.29
Direct compressive stress in N/mm2,
σcc_cal=P/(Ac+1.5*m*Asc) 0.41 0.451
Bending compreesive stress in N/mm2 ,σcc_cal=M/Z 4.42 8.23
Permissible compressive stress in concrete,σcc 6.25 8.31
Permissibile stress in bending compression,σcbc 8.33 11.08
Interaction condition
σcc_cal/σcc+σcbc_cal/σcbc<=1 0.6 0.8
Result Ok Ok

Reinforcement calculation
2
Reinforcement Area(mm ) Bar dia(mm) Req. Nos c/c spacing (mm)Required Nos
Tensile reinforcement 44550 25 91 120 93 AS1
Compressive reinforcement 22275 20 71 150 75 AS2
2
Total area of provided tensile reinforcement ,Ast 45651.27 mm
2
Total area of provided compressive reinforcement ,Asc 23561.94 mm
2
Total longitudinal reinforcement 69213.21 mm
0.419 % Ok
 Babai River Bridge

Check for Shear

Non Seismic case Seismic case
Critical shear force at the base(N) 3374260.00 6692450.82
effective area at the section(mm2) 15741000.00 15741000.00
Shear stress(N/mm2) 0.21 0.43
permissible shear stress(N/mm2) 0.28 0.43 IRC 21-2000,Table 12B
Ok Ok
Check for Cracked or uncracked section (IRC:21-
2000,Cl 306.5.4)
(σcbc_cal-σcc_cal)<0.25*(σcbc_cal+σcc_cal
Case (σcbc_cal-σcc_cal) 0.25*(σcbc_cal+σcc_cal) Section
Non Seismic condition 4.010 1.2075 Cracked
Seismic Condition 7.779 2.17025 Cracked
As the section is cracked, reinforcement and section
should be checked for cracked condition
critical neutral axis 649.130 mm
2
The resultant stress in concrete(Tension) 4.010 N/mm
2
Stress in tension reinforcement 50.091 N/mm OK
2
Stress in compression reinforcement 56.444 N/mm OK
Distribution bar calculation
2
provide 0.15% of x sectional area so the area 11319.750 mm
Provide
Bar dia 16.000 mm
Total Nos in both face face 57.000
spacing 198.000 mm AS3
Summery of reinforcement of abutment stem Section
SN

AS3

AS1
AS2

AS4

Design of abutment cap and Pedestal

Calculation of vertical load
Superstructure dead laod 3480.000 KN
Live load including impact 1161.450 KN
Total load 4641.450 KN
Nos. of longitudinal girder 2 Nos
Total load on each girder 2320.725 KN
Depth of abutment cap 1000.000 mm
Check for punching stress:
Bearing size provided
length 700.000 mm
Breadth 700.000 mm
2
Allowable punching shear stress 0.800 N/mm
2
Total punching stress developed 0.341 N/mm OK
As depth is safe for punching no additional
reinforcement is required. Providing nominal
reinforcement.
Spacing(mm)
Reinforcement Bar dia (mm) Nos
c/c provided
Reinforcement along the length of cap 16 39 150 AC1
Stirrups around the cap 16 74 150 AC2
And provide 2 layers of 10mm bars mesh of Length 850 mm AC3
breadth 850 mm
Design of Pedestal
Length 1000 mm
Breadth 1000 mm
Height (assumed, to be confirmed after bearing
height confirmation) 300 mm
Percentage of longitudinal tensile reinforcement 0.50 %
2
Longitudinal tensile reinforcement 5000 mm
Permissible axial load 7243.75 KN OK
Provide,
Bar dia 16 mm
Nos 25 nos ACP1
Lateral ties 3 Nos 12mm dia bars. ACP2
 Babai River Bridge

ACP2
ACP1 AC2
AC1

fig: Pedestal

12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c bothways AC4+AC5 @ 300 mm c/c

12mm dia 10 legged vertical shear bars @ 300 mm c/c

(below jacking
point & below AC3
bearing.
Design of RCC Stoppers: 8mm dia.
Base width of sttoper, b1 0.6 m dimensions are calculated exactly to match the Bars at 100
Height above abutment cap, h1 1.41 m cross girder slope mm c/c
h2 0.815 m AST3 spacing
Length of sttoper, l 1.50 m
Horizontal force acting on the stopper above
abutment cap 10% of vertical load
174.00 KN 1410
Moment at the base of stopper 245.34 KNm 815
Effective depth required 408.12 mm 12 dia.
Depth provided 600.00 mm OK 600 bars@150
2
Area of steel required 1965.62 mm mm c/c
Provide AST2
dia 16 mm 16 dia. bars@150 mm c/c spacing
Number 10 Nos AST1
Spacing 160 mm
Provide spacing 150 mm
Max. Shear stress developed at base of stopper 0.20 N/mm2
Percentage area of steel provided 0.26 %
Permissible shear stress 0.23 N/mm2 OK
Design of Dirt wall
Due to Earth Pressure
Active earth pressure due to surcharge load 254.04 KN
Lever arm 1.65 m
Active earth pressure due to backfill load 349.30764 KN
Lever arm 1.386 m
Design Moment 903.31 KNm
Clear cover(assume) 25 mm
Effective Depth Required 289.18 mm
Dia of bar assume 16 mm
Provided 367 mm OK
2
Required area of tensile reinforcement 11220.53 mm
Bar provided
dia of bar 16 mm 16_diabars@300c/c
Number of bars required 56 Nos
Spacing 200 mm
Provide
dia 12 mm
spacing 300
Number 67
Ast provided 7573.33
Shear Check
Shear force 603.34956 KN
2
Shear stress @ base 0.149 N/mm
100Ast/bd 0.187
2
From chart, Permissible Shear stress 0.2048 N/mm OK

Transverse Reinforcement: nominal reinforcement on top and bottom =0.15% of area 1980 mm2 each
bar dia 12 mm side
Number Required 9 Nos

1 No of 20mm dia bars 2 layers of 10mm dia @ 200mm c/c AS7

AS9

1 layer of 10 mm dia @ 200mm c/c AS8

2 Nos of 16 mm dia Bars 16_diabars@300c/c AS5

AS10
 Babai River Bridge

16 mm dia @ 200mm c/c

AS11 9Nos 12dia_bars"_Eachside AS6

Fig: Reinforcement Detailing in Dirt wall

Design of Return Wall 3.5
h1 4.3 m
1.5
h2 1.5 m
b1 3.5 m 4.3
h avg 2.9 m
Thickness of return wall 400 mm
Total Moment earth pressure due to entire area 243.56 KNm (integrating product of force and lever arm)
Clear cover(assume) 25 mm
Effective Depth Required 4.73 mm
Assume bar dia 16 mm
Effective Depth Provided 367 mm OK
2
Area of steel required 3025.4 mm
Nos of bar required 16
Spacing required 210 mm fig : Return wall ( dimensions in meter)
Provide Spacing 200 mm
provide_16dia_@200c/c_spacing
Distribution reinforcement 2100 mm2
Bar dia 10 mm
Nos of bar required 27 Nos
Spacing 120 mm
provide_10dia_@120c/c_spacing
 Babai River Bridge

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT FOUNDATION (PILE)

0.40m 1.90m Deck L 576.89

0.30m
A7
A6 0.50m 2.80m
1.20m 0.25m 0.65m
Soffit L 574.09
A3
0.50m
2.80m
A5
A2 1.00m
3.50m 0.40m
0.30m HFL 572.09m

A1 4.59m

LBL 569.20
A4
5.00m 4.00m
1.20m 0.30m PCTL 568.00m

1.50m A8
PCBL 566.50m
T

MSL 566.00m
15.00m

PBL 551.50m
1.00m m
4 rows of piles @3m c/c

3.00m
3.00m

11.40m 4 rows of piles @3 m c/c

10.50m

fig. abutment pile sketch

 Babai River Bridge

1 Design Data
Length of abutment 11 m
Diameter of pile 1 m
Spacing of pile along L-
direction 3 m
Spacing of pile along in T-
direction 3 m
Pile cap length along L-
direction 10.5 m
Pile cap length along T-
direction 11.4 m
Nos of pile along L-
direction 4 Nos
Nos of piles along T-
direction 4 Nos
Total nos of piles 16 Nos
Edge distance from outer
edge of pile in pile cap in
L-direction 0.25 m
Edge distance from outer
edge of pile in pile cap in
T-direction 0.7 m
Length of Pile 15 m
2 Material Properties
Parameters Pile cap Pile
Grade of concrete M35 M35
Modulus of elasticity
(Gpa) 31.5 31.5
Permissible direct
compressive stress(Mpa) 8.75 8.75
Permissible flexural
compressive stress(Mpa) 10 10
Permissible tensile
stress(Mpa) 0.67 0.67
modular ratio(m) 10 10
Steel Grade Fe500 Fe500
Allowable steel stress in
tension and shear 240 240
Allowale steel stress in
direct compression 205 205
neutral axis depth factor
(n) 0.294 0.294
Lever arm factor (j) 0.902 0.902
Moment Factor (Q) 1.326 1.326
Calculation of
area,volume, weight and
CG of whole
substructure wrt bottom
3 toe,T
Part of Substructure Area(Ai) xi(m) yi(m) Volume(m3) Weight wi(KN)Wixi Wiyi
A1 5.51 4.90 3.80 60.59 1454.11 7125.15 5518.36
A2 2.30 5.15 6.59 25.30 607.20 3127.08 4001.45
A3 1.12 6.10 8.74 12.32 295.68 1803.65 2584.24
A4 0.69 4.20 3.03 7.57 181.76 763.41 550.74
A5 4.90 7.47 7.96 3.92 94.08 702.46 748.56
A6 4.20 8.05 9.49 3.36 80.64 649.15 765.27
A7 0.13 6.43 9.84 1.38 33.00 212.03 324.72
A8 15.75 5.25 0.75 179.55 4309.20 22623.30 3231.90
34.59 Sum 7055.68 37006.23 17725.25

x bar 5.24 m
y bar 2.51 m
Weight of abutment only 2746.48 KN
 Babai River Bridge

Position of CG from
superstructure load point -0.01 m

Position of superstructure
load from toe point 5.25 m
Height of abutment 8.89 m
Height of abutment
including footing 10.39 m
Length of abutment 11 m
Offset of base slab
provided from the edge of
stem (L drn) 0.2 m
Offset of base slab
provided from the edge of
stem (T drn) 0.7 m

overall length of abutment 11.4 m

Calculation of all forces
about the CG of bottom
4 of pile cap
Horizontal Non Seismic
forces

i) Force due to braking force 200 KN

horizontal forces due to
ii) resistance of bearing 154.78 KN
Earth pressure including
surcharge 3219.48 KN
Vertical Non Seismic
Forces
Live Load 1161.45 KN
Dead load from
superstructure 3480 KN
Dead load of abutment
and footing 7055.68 KN

Vertical load of soil mass 8801.1 KN

Vertical load of approach

slab including footpath 303.1875 KN
Horizontal Seismic
Forces:
Superstructure 626.4 KN
Abutment 1270.02168 KN
Soil mass 1584.198 KN
Approach slab including
footpath 54.57375 KN
Vertical Seismic Forces
Superstructure 417.6 KN
Abutment 846.68112 KN
Soil mass 1056.132 KN
Approach slab including
footpath 36.3825 KN
Buoyancy
Volume of submerged
part of stem 98.3 m3
Volume of footing 179.55 m3
Upward Pressure due to
buoyancy -2778.5 KN
point of application
Loads and Moment
5 Calculation
The transverse forces and moments are not calculated since it will not be critical due to high moment of Inertia
Combination I: Dry Case,Non-Seismic, Full Live Load
 Babai River Bridge

Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.4 1392.00
Live Load 1 1161.45 0.4 464.58
Abutment and footing 1 7055.68 0.01 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.403848 4.36 -8945.42
Approach slab including footpath 1 303.1875 -2.4 -727.65
Total Horizontal force 1 154.78 7.59 1174.78
Total 20801.41 3651.183848 -6605.64 0.00

Combination II: Flooded Case,Non-Seismic, Full Live Load

Horizontal Vertical
Load Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads lever arm Lever Moment across
coefficient force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.4 1392.00
Live Load 1 1161.45 0.4 464.58
Abutment and footing 1 7055.676 0.01 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.403848 4.36 -8945.42
Approach slab including
footpath 1 303.1875 -2.4 -727.65
Total Horizontal force 1 154.78 7.59 1174.78
Buoyancy 1 -2778.5 0.01 -14.21
Total 20801.41 3651.183848 -6619.84 0.00
Combination III: Dry
Case,Non-Seismic, No
Live Load
Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.4 1392.00
Live Load 1 0 0.4 0.00
Abutment and footing 1 7055.676 0.00511254 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.403848 4.36 -8945.42
Approach slab including
footpath 1 303.1875 -2.4 -727.65
Total Horizontal force 1 54.78 7.59 415.78
Total 19639.96 3551.183848 -7829.22 0.00
Combination IV:
Flooded Case,Non-
Seismic, No Live Load
Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.40 1392.00
Live Load 1 0 0.40 0.00
Abutment and footing 1 7055.676 0.01 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.40 4.36 -8945.42
Approach slab including
footpath 1 303.1875 -2.40 -727.65
Total Horizontal force 1 0 154.78 7.59 1174.78
Buoyancy 1 -2778.5 0.01 -14.21
Total 19639.96 3651.183848 -7084.42 0.00
Combination V: Dry
Case, Seismic, full live
load
Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.40 1392.00
Live Load 1 1161.45 0.40 464.58
Abutment and footing 1 7055.68 0.01 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.40 4.3638 -8945.42
 Babai River Bridge

Approach slab including

footpath 1 303.1875 -2.40 -727.65
Total Horizontal force 1 1402.97694 7.59 10648.59
Total 20801.41 4899.380788 2868.18 0.00
Additional Seismic
forces
Superstructure 1 417.60 0.40 167.04
Abutment and footing 1 323.86 0.01 485.79588 2.51 1222.07071 1220.41
soil mass 1 1094.54 -2.75 1641.8052 5.945 6750.55571
Approach slab including
footpath 1 36.3825 -2.40 54.57375 10.24 471.5172 558.84
Total 22673.80 7081.56 11479.36 1779.25
Combination VI:
Flooded Case,Seismic,
full live load
Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.40 1392.00
Live Load 1 1161.45 0.40 464.58
Abutment and footing 1 7055.676 0.01 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.40 4.3638 -8945.42
Approach slab including
footpath 1 303.1875 -2.40 -727.65
Buoyancy 1 -2778.5 0.01 -14.21
Total Horizontal force 1 0 1402.97694 7.59 10648.59
Total 18022.91 4899.380788 2853.97 0.00
Additional Seismic
forces
Superstructure 1 417.60 0.40 167.04
Abutment and footing 1 323.86 0.01 485.79588 2.51 1222.07071 1220.41
soil mass 1 1094.5368 -2.75 1641.8052 5.95 6750.55571
Approach slab including
footpath 1 36.3825 -2.40 54.57375 10.24 471.5172 558.84
Total 19895.30 7081.555618 11465.16 1779.25
Combination VII: Dry
Case,Seismic, No Live
Load
Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480 0.40 1392.00
Live Load 1 0 0.40 0.00
Abutment and footing 1 7055.676 0.01 36.07
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.1 -2.75 3496.40 4.3638 -8945.42
Approach slab including
footpath 1 303.1875 -2.40 -727.65
Frictional force 1 0 0.00 1402.97694 7.59 10648.59
Total 19639.96 4899.380788 2403.60 0.00
Additional Seismic
forces
Superstructure 1 417.6 0.40 167.04
Abutment and footing 1 323.86392 0.01 485.79588 2.51 1222.07071 1220.41
soil mass 1 1094.5368 -2.75 1641.8052 5.95 6750.55571
Approach slab including
footpath 1 36.3825 -2.40 54.57375 10.24 471.5172 558.84
Total 21512.35 7081.555618 11014.78 1779.25
Combination VIII:
Horizontal Vertical
Verical Horizontal Moment
Forces/Loads Load coefficient lever arm Lever Moment across
force (KN) force(KN) along axis
(m) arm
Superstructure DL 1 3480.00 0.40 1392.00
Live Load 1 1161.45 0.40 464.58
 Babai River Bridge

Abutment and footing 1 7055.68 0.01 36.07

Soil mass/earth pressure 1 8801.10 -2.75 3496.40 4.36 -8945.42
Approach slab including 1 303.19 -2.40 -727.65
Buoyancy 1 -2778.50 0.01 -14.21
Frictional force 1 0.00 0.00 1402.98 7.59 10648.59
Total 18022.91 4899.38 2853.97 0.00
Additional Seismic
Superstructure 1 417.60 0.40 167.04
Abutment and footing 1 323.86 0.01 485.80 2.51 1222.07 1220.41
soil mass 1 1094.54 -2.75 1641.81 5.95 6750.56
Approach slab including 1 36.38 -2.40 54.57 10.24 471.52 558.84
Total 19895.30 7081.56 11465.16 1779.25
Summery of Loads
Moment Moment
Vertical Horizontal about L- about T-
Load Cases
Force(KN) Force(KN) Direction(K Direction(KN
Nm) m)
Non Seismic Cases
Case,Non-Seismic, Full
Live Load 20801.41 3651.18 -6605.64 0.00
Case,Non-Seismic, Full
Live Load 20801.41 3651.18 -6619.84 0.00
Case,Non-Seismic, No
Live Load 19639.96 3551.18 -7829.22 0.00
Case,Non-Seismic, No
Live Load 19639.96 3651.18 -7084.42 0.00
Seismic Case
Combination V: Dry Case,
Seismic, full live load 22673.80 7081.56 11479.36 1779.25
Case,Seismic, No Live
Load 19895.30 7081.56 11465.16 1779.25
case, Seismic, No Live
Load 21512.35 7081.56 11014.78 1779.25
Flooded case,Seismic,full
live load 19895.30 7081.56 11465.16 1779.25

Maximum and Minimum reactions and horizontal forces on piles

Pmax= V/n+Ml*xc/sum(xi 2 )+M t y c /sum(yi 2 )
Pmin= V/n-Ml*x/sum(xi 2 )-Mtyc/sum(yi 2 )
Where,
v= total vertical load
xi=Distance of pile from
the y-axis along
longitudinal direction
yi=distnce of a pile from
the y-axis along the
transverse direction
xc=distance of pile from
the axis along longitudinal
axis
yc=distance of the pile
from the axis along
transverse axis
n=Number of piles
Safe ultimate capacity of
pile from soil report for
15m pile 1647.75 KN at 13.5m below scour depth
In this case ,
Number of Piles 16 Nos
sum(xi2 ) 180 m2
sum(yi2) 180 m2
 Babai River Bridge

Distance of the edge pile

from the axis along
longitudinal axis,xc -4.5 m
Distance of the edge pile
from the axis along
transverse axis,yc 4.5 m
Summery of Load
Non Seismic Case Vmax(KN) Vmin(KN) Hmax(KN)
Dry (comb. I ), Full Live
load 1465.23 1134.95 228.20 OK
Flooded (comb IV) No
Live Load 1404.61 1050.39 228.20 OK
Seismic Case OK
Dry (comb. V ), Full Live
load 1659.62 1174.61 442.60 OK
Flooded (comb VIII) No
Live Load 1575.41 1113.63 442.60 OK
6 Design of Pile Cap
Bending Moment at the
face of abutment 17679.30 KNm
Minimum effective depth
required 1126.85 mm As per codal requirement minimum
provided overall depth of depth should be at least (1.5 times the
Cap 1500 mm diameter of pile or 600 mm )
deff 1409 mm Ok
Area of Reinforcement
required at the bottom 57961.06 mm2
Required
dia of bar 32 mm
Number 73 Nos
provide,
dia of bar 32 mm
Number 85 Nos
spacing Required 133 mm
Spacing provided 115 mm
2
provided area 80529.67 mm

2
top bar (0.12% ) bothways 10260 mm
provide,
dia of bar 16 mm
Number 35 Nos
spacing required 300 mm
Spacing provided 200 mm
provided area
2
compressive side @ top 10756.81 mm
Check for shear
Shear force at deff
distance from face of
abutment 4820.46 KN
2
shear stress developed 0.3001 N/mm
reinforcement provided 0.50 %
2
permissible shear stress 0.31 N/mm Ok
Check for punching
shear stress
effective depth of section
provided 1409 mm
total shear force 20801.41 KN
Area of cap resistinf the
punching shear perifery
2
of 'deff/2' of stem face 42927000.00 mm
punching shear stress
2
developed 0.48 N/mm
 Babai River Bridge

Permissible punching
2
shear stress 0.16*sqrt(fck) 0.95 N/mm OK
Check For Corner Pile
punching shear as per
IRC 307.2.5.5
Load on Pile 1465.23 KN
Effective area for resisting
2
shear 4103097.245 mm
punching shear stress
developed on outer pile
area 0.357 OK
Provide nominal shear
reinforcement 12 mm dia bars 10 legged @ 300mm c/c
Design of Pile
Daimeter of pile 1000 mm
4
MOI of pile section 0.049087385 m
Modulus of elasticity of
pile material 31500 MN/m^2
Calculation of Length of
Fixity as per IS
2911.1.2.2010 Annex C
Soil type Dry Cohesionless Soil
SPT
number(Blows/30cm) 12 Granular Soil as per Bore Log Data lowest value of banks
Modulus of subgrade
reaction from table as per
code 2.7 MN/m^3
Stiffness Factor,T 3.561 m
Length of Pile 15 m
Length of pile upto scour
level,L1 0.5 m
Embeded length,Le 14.5 m Le/T= 4.07 Long Pile
L1/T 0.140
Lf/T 1.849
Lf 6.583 m
Reduction factor 0.856
Actual Moment 691.45 KNm

Resultant Critical forces

on pile are summerized as, Non Seismic Seismic
Vertical load(KN), P 1465.23 1659.62
Horizontal load(KN), H 228.20 442.60
Moment(KNm),M 691.45 1341.09

2
Sectional area of pile(Ag) 785398.16 mm
Provide main
reinforcement (% of
sectional area of pile ) 1.1 %
Total area of
2
reinforcement 8639.38 mm
Provide,
Bar diameter 25
number of bars 18 Nos
clear cover provided 75 mm
spacing 150 mm
Provided diameter of
transverse reinforcement 12 mm
Diameter upto the line of
reinforcement,Dc 801 mm
Area of reinforcement
2
provided,As 8835.73 mm
2
Area of concrete,Ac 776562.43 mm
 Babai River Bridge

Checking for section

capacity of pile,
Equivalent area is ,
2
Ae=Ac+(1.5m-1)*As 900262.64 mm
Equivalent moment of
Inertia of section,
Ie=pi()*D^4/64+(m-
4
1)*As*D^2/8 55465024589 mm
Sectional
3
Modulus,Ze=2*Ie/D 110930049.2 mm
Non Seismic Seismic
σcc (N/mm2)=P/Ae 1.63 1.84
σcb (N/mm2)=M/Ze 6.23 12.09
σcc/σacc+σcb/σacb 0.81 0.85
Ok Ok
Shear check of the
section
Non Seismic Seismic
Resultant Critical
horizontal force(N) 228198.99 442597.23
shear stress developed
τc,N/mm2 0.291 0.564

Percentage of longitudinal
reinforcement provided 1.125 1.125
Allowable shear stress 0.435 0.653
No shear
No Shear reinforcem
reinforcement ent
required required
Provide 12mm circular rings @ 100 mm c/c upto height of 3m from the top of pile and
150 mm c/c in rest of pile

16mm_dia@300mmc/c_spacing
PC3 and PC4

32dia@115mmc/c_spacing
PC1 and PC2

12mm dia circular rings

P2
at depth of 3m @ 100
mm c/c and 150mm c/c
at rest
25mmdia_150mmc/c_spacing
P1
 Babai River Bridge

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE OF ABUTMENT AND BACK WALL

Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 6940
25 AS1 91 8.19 745.29 3.858 2875.35
1250

2 6960 20 AS2 71 7.96 565.16 2.469 1395.46

1000

3 10884 16 AS3 57 12.47 710.68 1.580 1123.04

1384
100

4 1250 16 AS4 51 1.45 73.95 1.580 116.86

100

5 1250 12 AS5 134 5.15 690.10 0.889 613.42

3900

6 10884
300 12 AS6 18 22.57 406.22 0.889 361.09
100

7 550 10 AS7 111 0.55 61.05 0.617 37.69

8 600 10 AS8 56 0.60 33.60 0.617 20.74

9 10900 20 AS9 1 10.90 10.90 2.469 26.91

10 10900 16 AS10 2 10.90 21.80 1.580 34.45

11 200 16 AS11 56 0.80 44.80 1.580 70.80

600
Total 6675.801
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE OF ABUTMENT CAP
Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 10900 16 AC1 39 10.9 425.10 1.580 671.76

2 1800
16 AC2 74 5.6 414.40 1.580 654.85
900
100

3 1400 10 AC3 4 46.40 185.59 0.617 114.56

100 mm pitch

1400
Total 1441.18
 Babai River Bridge

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE OF WING WALL

Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 3700 12 ARW1 28 3.9 109.20 0.889 97.07
100
2 `
1450
4480 25 ARW2 4 7.43 29.72 3.858 114.66
1500

3 2800avg 12 ARW3 88 2.8 246.40 0.889 219.02

4 1850avg 16 ARW4 56 1.85 103.60 1.580 163.71

Total 594.46

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE OF STOPPER BLOCK

Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 500
16 AST1 10 2.225 22.25 1.580 35.16
1725

2 500
12 AST2 10 2.46 24.60 0.889 21.87
1960

3 550 8 AST3 3 2.2 6.60 0.395 2.61

100 hook
1450 Each stopper Block
59.63
Total in 2 stopper 119.27
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE OF Bearing Block (Pedestal)
Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)

1 1050 16 ACP1 25 1.25 31.25 1.580 49.38

200

2 1050 16 ACP2 25 1.25 31.25 1.580 49.38

200
900
3 900 12 ACP3 3 1.9 5.70 0.889 5.07
100 hook

800 10 MESH 2 20.51 41.03 0.617 25.33

 Babai River Bridge

800
In one
pedestal 129.16
Total in 2 pedestal 258.31
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE oF Approach Slab
Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 3420 12 AS1 74 3.82 282.68 0.889 251.27
200
3420
2 200 12 AS2 74 3.82 282.68 0.889 251.27

3 7420 12 AS3 100 7.42 742.00 0.889 659.56

Total 1162.10
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE oF Pile Cap
Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 10300 32 PC1 85 12.1 1028.50 6.321 6501.14
900

2 11200
900 32 PC2 90 13 1170.00 6.321 7395.56

3 10300
900 16 PC3 50 12.1 605.00 1.580 956.05

4 11200
1080 20 PC4 34.33 13 446.33 2.469 1102.06
TOTAL 15954.80

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE oF Pile

Bar Unit Total
dia. Bar Total
SN Sketch Nos length weight Weight
(mm) mark length (m)
(m) (kg/m) (Kg)
1 1250 25 P1 18 17.45 314.1 3.858 1211.81
16200

2 12 P2 111 2.87 318.61 0.889 283.21

Total 1495.01