CT-320 SHDSL Modem User's Manual: Version A5.2 5-15-2002

CT-320
SHDSL Modem
User’s Manual
Version A5.2 5-15-2002
260014-015
II
Preface
This manual is written for software version 2.48. It is designed to provide
information to network administrators. It covers the installation, operation and
applications of the CT-320 SHDSL Modem.
Manual Organization
This manual is organized into three parts; Part I: includes a product overview and
guide for initial configuration. For most users this section will provide sufficient
information to setup and operate your modem. Part II: covers advanced
configuration. Part III: includes maintenance, applications of the modem, and
troubleshooting. The manual is arranged as follows:
Part I: Getting Started

Chapter 1: Product features and applications
Chapter 2: Hardware installation
Chapter 3-5: Initial configuration
Part II: Advanced Configuration

Chapter 6-8: Operation and configuration via a console or Telnet
Part III: Maintenance and Applications

Chapter 9: Maintenance via console or Telnet
Chapter 10: Applications
Chapter 11: Troubleshooting
Appendices:
Appendix A: Index of console/ Telnet
Appendix B: Specifications
Appendix C: Pin assignments
i
Copyright
Copyright© 2002 Comtrend Corporation. All rights reserved. The content of this
manual is subject to change without notice. The information and messages
contained herein are proprietary to Comtrend Corporation. No part of this manual
may be translated, transcribed, reproduced, in any form, or by any means without
prior written permission by Comtrend Corporation.
Contacting us
The reader is presumed to have a basic understanding of telecommunications. For
product updates, new product releases, manual revisions, software upgrades,
technical support, visit Comtrend Corporation at: http://www.comtrendcorp.com
Technical support
If your modem is malfunctioning or you require technical service please send Email
to: mailto:globalsp@comtrendcorp.com
Warning
Before servicing or disassembling this equipment, always disconnect all power and
telephone lines from the wall outlet.
Use an appropriate power supply and a UL Listed telephone line cord.

Specification of the power supply is clearly stated in Appendix B - Specification.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I: Getting Started.................................................. 1

Chapter 1 Introduction ...........................................................................3
1.1 Overview...................................................................................... 3
1.2 Features ...................................................................................... 4
1.3 Application ................................................................................... 5
1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators .............................................................. 6
Chapter 2 Installation .............................................................................7
2.1 Rear Panel Connectors ................................................................... 7
2.2 Preparing for Installation ................................................................ 7
2.3 Installation Procedures ................................................................... 8
Chapter 3 Accessing the Modem .............................................................9
3.1 Access by Console ......................................................................... 9
3.2 Access by Telnet...........................................................................11
3.3 Access by Web .............................................................................12
3.4 Keyboard Operations.....................................................................13
3.5 Menu Layout................................................................................14
3.6 Configuration Steps in Console/Telnet..............................................15
3.6.1 Write System Configurations ..........................................................17
3.6.2 Reboot System.............................................................................18
Chapter 4 Initial Configuration (Console/Telnet) .................................19
4.1 Initial Setup ................................................................................19
4.2 Quick Configuration ......................................................................20
4.2.1 LAN Interface...............................................................................20
4.2.2 ATM Interface ..............................................................................21
4.2.3 ATM Virtual Channel (VC) Parameters ..............................................22
4.3 SHDSL Characteristics Parameters ..................................................24
Chapter 5 Web Based Configuration......................................................25
5.1 Login ..........................................................................................25
5.2 Web page layout ..........................................................................26
5.3 Operation ....................................................................................28
5.4 Quick Setup.................................................................................29
5.5 Basic Configuration .......................................................................30
5.6 Advance Configuration ..................................................................31
5.7 Utilities .......................................................................................32
5.8 Monitor .......................................................................................33
Part II: Advanced Configuration .................................... 35
Chapter 6 Bridging ................................................................................37
6.1 Overview.....................................................................................37
6.2 Add Static MAC Entry ....................................................................37
6.3 Delete Static MAC Address.............................................................38
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6.4 Spanning Tree Protocol..................................................................38
6.5 Forwarding Table ..........................................................................39
Chapter 7 Static Route (Remote Management) .....................................41
7.1 Static Route Configuration .............................................................41
7.1.1 Add a static route .........................................................................41
7.1.2 Delete a Static Route ....................................................................41
7.1.3 List Static Routes..........................................................................42
7.2 Ping Test Utility ............................................................................42
Chapter 8 SNMP ....................................................................................43
8.1 Community..................................................................................43
8.2 Trap Destinations .........................................................................43
8.2.1 Add Trap Destination Entry ............................................................43
8.2.2 Delete Trap Destination Entry .........................................................43
8.2.3 List Trap Destination Entries ...........................................................44
Part III: Maintenance and Applications .......................... 45
Chapter 9 Maintenance .........................................................................47
9.1 Load Factory Default Values ...........................................................47
9.2 Software Upgrade.........................................................................48
9.3 Configuration Backup and Restoration .............................................49
9.3.1 Configuration Backup ....................................................................49
9.3.2 Configuration Restoration ..............................................................50
9.4 Upgrading the Homepage ..............................................................51
9.5 Performance Monitoring.................................................................52
9.5.1 SHDSL Status Monitor ...................................................................52
9.5.2 ATM Interface Monitor ...................................................................52
9.5.3 SHDSL Performance Statistics ........................................................53
9.5.4 Interface Performance Monitor .......................................................54
9.6 Utilities .......................................................................................55
9.6.1 TFTP Application...........................................................................55
9.6.2 Ping Test .....................................................................................55
9.6.3 Forwarding Table Utility .................................................................55
9.6.4 SHDSL Diagnostics .......................................................................55
9.6.5 EOC Diagnostics ...........................................................................56
9.6.6 Virtual Terminal............................................................................56
Chapter 10 Application- PPPoE ..............................................................59
Chapter 11 Troubleshooting...................................................................61
Appendix A – Menu Index of Console/Telnet............................................63
Appendix B - Specifications ......................................................................69
Appendix C - Pin Assignments ..................................................................71
GLOSSARY . ..................................................................................72
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Part I: Getting Started
This section will provide an overview of the CT-320, including its

features, and applications. Then, it will provide information for
hardware installation, access to the modem, and initial configuration
of the modem. For most users this section will provide sufficient
information to setup and operate your modem.
Chapter 1: Product features and applications
Chapter 2: Hardware installation
Chapter 3: Accessing the Modem
Chapter 4: Initial configuration (Console/Telnet)
Chapter 5: Web Configuration
1
2
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview
The CT-320 SHDSL modem satisfies the needs of multiple users for small office/
home office and remote office/ branch office applications. It provides a
symmetrical transmission speed up to 2.3 Mbps through SHDSL connection over
one ordinary telephone line. In addition, it supports up to 16 virtual concurrent
connections to multiple destinations.
The CT-320 SHDSL modem can be used for variety of applications, including video
conferencing, remote training, e-commerce, and other multimedia applications.
Easy configuration and monitoring can be accomplished using the Web browser.
The CT-320 SHDSL modem can be also configured in either server or client mode
providing a point-to-point connectivity between two sites.
3
1.2 Features
The modem has the following features.
Compact and high-performance standalone unit

Bridge function
Comply with ITU-T G.991.2 (G.shdsl)
Auto-negotiation rate adaptation
Up to 16 VCs
One Ethernet port for LAN connection
One console port for local management
Embedded SNMP agent
Web-based management
Configuration backup and restoration
OAM F4/F5
4
1.3 Application
The CT-320 can be applied for DSLAM and point-to-point applications.
Figure 1-1 DSLAM Application
Figure 1-2 Point-to-point Application
5
1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators
There are seven LED indicators provided on the front panel. These LEDs indicate
system statuses like power status, activity, and alarm conditions. The description
of each LED is given in Table 1-1.
DATA DATA
POWER ALERT ACT COL LINK RX TX
Figure 1-3 Front View
LED Color Mode Function
POWER Green On 12VAC power input is supplied to this unit
Off Power is not connected
ALERT Red Off Normal status
On An alarm occurs
Flash Software downloading or self-testing
ACT Green On Transmit data or receive data over Ethernet

link
Off No data transmitted or received over the

Ethernet link
COL Yellow On Collision occurs over Ethernet
On The physical link through RJ11 connection

cable is established
LINK Green
Flash SHDSL line is training
Off SHDSL connection not established
Data RX Green On Receive data over SHDSL link
Off No data received over the SHDSL link
Data TX Green On Transmit data over the SHDSL link
Off No data transmitted over the SHDSL link

Table 1-1 LED functions
6
Chapter 2 Installation
2.1 Rear Panel Connectors

There are four connectors on the rear panel. To make a connection with these
connectors, refer to Section.2.3.
2.2 Preparing for Installation

Make sure the following equipment is ready before installing the modem.
VT-100 Compatible Terminal –

This terminal is essential to perform the initial configuration of the
modem. This is normally a terminal with a VT-100 emulation program,
such as Telix and HyperTerminal Edition5.
Console Port Cable –

An RS-232, DB9-to-DB9 straight-through cable is required to connect the
terminal to the device. For pin definitions, please refer to Appendix C.
AC power adapter-
A suitable power adapter is shipped with the modem. It is used to
provide the necessary power for the modem’s operation.
An optional LAN connection cable –

To connect to the hub, use a straight-through RJ45 cable. To connect to
a PC, use a crossover RJ45 cable. Refers to Appendix C for pin
definitions of the LAN port.
An optional RJ11 cable –

An RJ11 cable is needed to connect the LINE port.
7
2.3 Installation Procedures
Figure 2-1 illustrates possible connections to the backplane connectors.
Figure 2-1 Installation
Step 1 Connect the Line port to the phone line.
Step 2 Connect the LAN port to a hub with a straight-through RJ45 cable, or
connect the modem to a PC with a crossover RJ45 cable.
Step 3 Connect the Console port to the VT-100 compatible terminal with a
RS232 straight-through cable for local management.
Step 4 Connect the Power jack to the power cord with the shipped power
adapter cord.
Step 5 Attach the power adapter to the wall outlet or other AC source.
Step 6 After power on, the modem performs a self-test. Waiting for a few
seconds until the test is finished, the modem will be ready to operate.
Caution 1: If the modem fails to power on, or it malfunctions, first verify that
the power supply is correctly connected. Then power it on again.
If the problem persists, contact our technical support engineers.
Caution 2: Always disconnect all telephone lines from the wall outlet before
servicing or disassembling this equipment.
8
Chapter 3 Accessing the Modem
This chapter introduces how to access and manage the modem. Initial
configuration of the modem is covered in Chapter 4, Initial Configuration. There
are three methods to access the modem: console, Telnet, and Web. Any of the
methods can be used to access, configure, operate or monitor the modem.
3.1 Access by Console

For access by console, the console PC should be installed with a standard VT-100
emulation program, such as HyperTerminal 5 or Telix. The following steps describe
how to establish the console session.
Step 1 Start a standard VT-100 program such as HyperTerminal (Ver. 5 is

recommended), or Telix in the local terminal; and select an open
com port.
Step 2 Enter the following port settings:

Baud rate: 9600
Data bits: 8
Parity: none
Stop bit: 1
Flow control: none
Step 3 After the session parameters are set up, as shown in Step 2, press
the ESC key. You can start operating the modem now. [General
operation procedures are described in Section 3.4.]
Step 4 Use the up/down-arrow keys to select the utility item you want
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and then use the right-arrow key to enter the menu you will
configure.
To configure the modem for Telnet and Web access, complete the procedures
below to change the necessary parameters. If you do not require Telnet or Web
access you can go directly to step 13, in which case you will be using the
following default values:
LAN IP address: 210.65.231.206

Read-write access password
Login: root
Password: root
Step 6 To change the LAN IP address, enter the MAIN/QC/LAN menu.
Step 7 To set WAN IP addresses, enter the ATM interface menus, e.g.,
MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1 [Refer to Section 4.2.2 ATM Interface details].
Step 8 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the settings.
Step 9 To change the passwords, enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu.
Step 10 You can enable the console password check function in the Console
Password Check field. Then, a visitor will be requested to enter the
password.
Step 11 Enter a new password for ADMINISTRATOR in the New

Administrator Password field and retype the password to confirm.
Step 12 Enter a new password for USER in the New User Password field and
retype the password to confirm.
Step 13 Return to the main menu and select WRITE to write these
configurations to the flash memory, and then reboot the system.
Step 14 In less than one minute, the sentence Press ESC key to enter
console mode configuration displays on your screen.
Note: After changing the parameters, make sure that you save them in the
flash memory and then reboot the system before you quit, or you will
lose the new parameters.
10
3.2 Access by Telnet
The device permits a maximum of one ADMINISTRATOR, and two COMMON users
to telnet to the system at the same time. The following steps show the
configuration.
Step 1: Telnet to the modem with the LAN IP address or WAN IP address
[refer to Section 3.1, Steps 6 and 7 on setting the LAN/WAN IP
addresses]. The default LAN IP address is 210.65.231.206
Step 2: You will be requested to enter the login name and password as
follows.
Login: root
Password: ****
To have full access privileges as an ADMINISTRATOR, type root in

the Login field, and root in the password field; or if the default
password was changed, type the password that was set in the
console session [refer to Section 3.1 Steps 9-12.]
To have read-only access as a common USER, type user in the

Login field and user in the password field; or if the default
console session [refer to Section 3.1 Steps 9-12].
Step 3 The main menu should appear. The menus in a Telnet session are
the same as in the console session.
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3.3 Access by Web
Only one person at a time can gain access to the modem from the Web. The
following steps show the configuration for Web-based access.
Step 1: Browse the modem with the LAN IP address or WAN IP address
[refer to Section 3.1 Steps 6 and 7 on setting the LAN/WAN IP
address]. The default LAN IP address is 210.65.231.206.
Step 2: You will be requested to enter a login name and password.
To have full access privileges as an ADMINISTRATOR, type root in

the Login field, and root in the password field; or if the default
To have read-only access as a common USER, type user in the

Login field and user in the password field; or if the default
Step 3: The main menu should display
Step 4: For more operational instructions, refer to Chapter 5.

Note 1: When any user has entered the system via the Web, neither the
administrator nor users can access the modem via the Web at the same
time. The second user may enter through console or Telnet mode.
Note 2. The Web-based access can be disabled by entering the
MAIN/CONF/HTTPD menu in the console or Telnet mode.
12
3.4 Keyboard Operations
↑ The upward arrow key moves the cursor upward in the menu
↓ The cursor moves downward in the menu.
← Returns to the previous menu. If you are in a leaf menu you may
need to push ^S first (to save the information)
→ Skips to the next menu.
^S Hold down the Ctrl-S keys simultaneously to perform different

actions such as Save, Add, Delete and Go.
^X In the leaf menu, hold down the Ctrl-X keys simultaneously to

return to the previous menu.
^L Hold down the Ctrl-L keys simultaneously to return to the Home

Menu
^T Hold down the Ctrl-T keys simultaneously to reset the value or

statistics counted.
Hold down the Ctrl-R keys simultaneously to refresh or restore the
^R menu.
Q Press the Q key to stop certain actions, such as software

downloading.
In the leaf menu, some configuration fields are marked, TAB. It
Tab means you need to press the TAB key to scroll through and select
the pre-defined options.
The following backup keys can be used if your software
doesn’t support arrow keys
^W Moves the cursor upward [equal to the up arrow key]
^Z Moves the cursor downward [equal to the down arrow key]
^A Return to the previous menu [equal to the left arrow key]
^D Enter the selected item [equal to the right arrow key]
13
3.5 Menu Layout
The operating menu of the modem follows a tree-structured design with three
categories: main menu, branch menu and leaf menu. You can select each menu
item by using the up, down, left and right arrow keys in the main and branch
menus. The leaf menu is used to program each parameter. The layout of a menu
includes messages, such as software version, model name, and keyboard
instructions.
Figure 3-1 Menu Layout
14
3.6 Configuration Steps in Console/Telnet
This section will briefly explain the steps involved to configure your modem from
the console or from Telnet. For ease of use, when describing configuration
procedures in this document, the full path name is given, e.g.,> MAIN/QC/LAN.
For example, if you want to configure the LAN interface of the modem, complete
the following procedures.
Step 1: Enter the main menu. You can verify you are in the main menu, by
checking the text at the bottom-left of the screen reads: Path>
Main. If you are not in the main menu, use the key commands as
explained in Section 3.4 to access the Main Menu.
Step 2: Use the up or down arrow keys to select an item. In this case,
select QC. Press the right arrow key to go to the MAIN/QC menu.
The text at the bottom-left of the screen, should read: PATH>
MAIN/QC to indicate the directory of the current operating menu.
15
Step 3: Use the up or down arrow key to select an item. In this case, select
LAN and press the right arrow key to enter the leaf menu. The text at
the bottom-left of the screen, should read: PATH> MAIN/QC/LAN
Step 4: Enter a parameter in each field. For fields that include the word:
TAB, e.g., Network Type (TAB), press the TAB key to select a
parameter from the pre-defined values. Then save the settings in
RAM by holding down the Ctrl-S keys.
Step 5: Return to the main menu and enter the MAIN\WRITE menu to save
the configurations from RAM to flash memory, and then reboot the
device.
Note: Before you exit the Console or Telnet session, make sure you write the
changes into the flash memory and reboot the modem. You must write the
changes, or they will be lost when you reboot the modem, or exit the
system.
16
3.6.1 Write System Configurations
When you hold down the Ctrl-S keys, it only saves the parameters in RAM. The
parameters will only be kept temporarily, they will be lost after the system is
exited or rebooted. To save settings permanently, you must write the
configurations into the flash memory and reboot the system. To write the
configurations follow the steps below:
Step 1 Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu.
Step 2 The screen will display This will write configurations to flash (Y/N).
Type Y.
Step 3 After the system completes writing, the following message displays:
Write configuration to flash complete! Press any key to return

to previous menu …
Press any key to return to the main menu.
Step 4 Reboot the system.
17
3.6.2 Reboot System
To reboot the device, follow the steps below:
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/REBOOT menu, the following message will be

displayed: This will reboot the system? (Y/N).
Step 2: Type Y to reboot the system.
Step 3: Wait for the message:

Press ESC to enter console mode configuration...
Step 4: Press ESC to re-enter the main menu
18
Chapter 4 Initial Configuration (Console/Telnet)
This chapter explains initial configuration, quick configuration and SHDSL

characteristics parameters. For further configuration of the specific functions,
refer to Chapters 6 to 8.
4.1 Initial Setup

For the initial setup of your modem, please complete the following steps:
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu.

Step 2: Complete the fields below:
Field Setting
Host name: This Field is only used for identification purposes
Domain Name: This Field is only used for identification purposes
Operation mode: This field does not affect the functioning of your modem (it is
a feature of the CT-500 Router).
Terminal Type The device can be used to connect to a DSLAM or for
peer-to-peer application. When it is connected to a DSLAM,
select CPE in the Terminal mode field. When two SHDSL
devices are used, configure one of them as the CO and the
other as the CPE.
Console Password Normally, a local user does not have to enter a password to
Check: enter the console mode. If the console password check
function is required, enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu and
enable this function in the Console Password Check field.
Users who attempt to access the device from the console will
then be prompted for the password.
New Administrator There are two types of login names: root and user. Root is
Password: for the system administrator with full read-write privileges,
and user is for the common user with read-only privileges.
Retype Password: Login names are preset and cannot be changed.
New User
Password:
Each login name has a password. The default password for
the system administrator is root, and for common users it is
user. You can change the password by entering the
Retype Password: MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu, and assigning a new password for
the administrator in the New Administrator Password field
and Retype Password field; and assigning a new password for
the common user in the New User Password and Retype
19
Password fields.
Step 3: Press Ctrl-S to save the configuration to the system RAM
Step 4: If you want to keep the configuration permanently, perform the Write
function by entering the MAIN/WRITE menu and then reboot the modem.
You only need to perform this function before you exit your configuration
software, if you will continue to configure your modem you can perform
the write function later.
4.2 Quick Configuration

This section describes how to configure the basic environment (including the
interface setup) for the modem via console or Telnet. The modem supports two
interfaces (LAN and WAN): It can connect to a local area network via the Ethernet
interface; and to a wide area network via the SHDSL link interface. The
sub-menus of MAIN/QC are also repeated in those of MAIN/CONF. The device can
normally function after the quick configuration is completed. To setup the LAN
interface follow the steps below:
4.2.1 LAN Interface
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/LAN menu
Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field
Operation Mode: This field does not affect the functioning of your modem (it is a
feature of the CT-500 Router).
IP address: Enter the address of the IP network
Subnet Mask: Enter the mask of the IP network
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the parameters
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4.2.2 ATM Interface
A network service defines the data encapsulation and protocol characteristics for
the connection between two packet switching devices. The modem supports the
bridge protocol of RFC 1483 network service.
There are thirty-two configurable ATM interfaces (ATM1 to ATM16). The default
setting is: ATM1 enabled, with all others disabled. Follow the steps below to setup
an ATM interface:
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/ATM menu
Step 2: Enter one of the ATM interface leaf menus, ATM1 to ATM16, e.g.,
MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1
Step 3: Enable the interface by selecting Enable.
Interface: Enable or disable the ATM interface
Protocol: This field always displays Ethernet (RFC1483 Bridge).
IPCP: If set to dynamic this enables the device to automatically

negotiate its own registered WAN interface IP address from a
central server.
ATM VC: The virtual channel number corresponds to the ATM interface, e.g.
ATM1 to VC1 or ATM2 to VC2, which is not selectable. The user
may enter the ATM/VC menu [refer to Section 4.2.3] to configure
the VC parameters.
Operation This field does not affect the functioning of your modem (it is a
Mode: feature of the CT-500 Router).
Network Type: Global (default), virtual

IP address: Enter the address of the IP network
Step 4: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the new configurations to your system
RAM
21
4.2.3 ATM Virtual Channel (VC) Parameters
You may need to define virtual connections (VC) when communicating across an
ATM network. There are two types of ATM connections:
Virtual paths, identified by virtual path identifiers (VPI)
Virtual circuits, identified by the combination of a VPI and a VCI (virtual

circuit identifier)
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/VC menu
Step 2: Select a Virtual Channel from VC1 to VC16, e.g., MAIN/QC/VC/VC1
Step 3: Enter a parameter in each field.
VPI/VCI: VPI - The Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) is part of the cell header
for ATM cells that are transferred over this connection. The
VPI value ranges between 0 and 255.
VCI - The Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) is part of the cell

header for ATM cells that are transferred over this connection.
If you are configuring multiple VCs, enter the number of each
respective VC in this field. The VCI value ranges between 32
and 65535.
AAL5 VCMUX - VC based multiplexing encapsulation LLC - LLC

Encapsulation encapsulation
VC QOS UBR - Unspecified Bit Rate. No limit has been specified for
the information rate. CBR - Constant Bit Rate. This class is
used for emulating circuit switching. The cell rate is constant
with time. CBR applications are very sensitive to cell-delay
variation. Examples of applications that can use CBR are
telephone traffic (i.e., nx64 kbps), videoconferencing, and
television. VBR - Variable Bit Rate. A certain rate is
specified for the flow of information.
Peak Cell Rate The Peak Cell Rate is the maximum number of bits per second
(bps): transmitted over this connection. This is determined by the
minimum intercellular space, in seconds, which is the time
interval from the first bit of one cell to the first bit of the next
cell. The PCR ranges from 30 to 2312 Kbps.
22
Sustainable This field is for VBR only. This is the average rate at which
Cell Rate cells are transmitted over this connection. The rate is counted
(bps): in bits per second. Note that the SCR is less than the PCR.
Burst This field is for VBR only. This is the maximum number of
Tolerance cells that are sent at the peak rate.The number of cells is
(msec): counted in milli-seconds. The BT ranges between 10 and 200
cells per milli-second.
BT
1 1
−
Note:
MBS (Maximum Burst Size) formula: 〔1+ SCR PCR 〕 where
〔x〕stands for the integer part of x. In the formula, BT is
counted in seconds and SCR/ PCR in cells per second.
Step 4: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the parameters
23
4.3 SHDSL Characteristics Parameters
In the MAIN/CONF/SHDSL menu, you can set up the system chipset characteristics.
Field Parameter Description

Minimum Base Nx64 Kbps You can set a fixed data rate when the
Rate(1-36) (N=1-36) following two conditions are matched: 1.
Maximum Base Nx64 Kbps Maximum subrate is set equal to the
Rate(1-36) (N=1-36) minimum subrate 2. Maximum base rate
is set equal to the minimum base rate
Maximum Sub Ix8K (I=0 or 1) The data rate can be auto-adaptive
Rate(0-1) according to the line performance with
Minimum Sub Ix8K (M=0 or 1) the following two conditions. The
Rate(0-1) system will give an alarm message when
you fail to follow. 1. Maximum subrate
exceeds the minimum subrate 2.
Minimum base rate exceeds the
maximum base rate
Power Back Off Enable/Disable It is recommended that user keep the
default setting for this function. For
explanation on the power backoff, refer
to G.991.2 (G.shdsl)
Remote Enable/Disable Reserved only.
Note1: Total data rate= Nx64 Kbps + Ix8 Kbps.
Note2: Total line rate (Payload data rate + Overhead) = Nx64 Kbps + Ix8 Kbps+ 8
Kbps.
Note3: I = 1 is a chipset proprietary setting. The SHDSL devices with different

chipsets may be incompatible when the subrate is set to 1.
24
Chapter 5 Web Based Configuration
This chapter describes how to manage the modem via the Web browser from the
remote end. The Web page is best read with a display resolution of 1024 x 768 or
800 x 600. To change the resolution you can go to the Microsoft Windows control
panel and click on the Display icon, and change the display settings. You will find
the display settings there.
5.1 Login
To log on to the system from the Web browser, follow the steps below:
Step 1: Start your Internet browser.
Step 2: Enter the IP address of the modem in the Web address field. For
example, if the IP address is 210.65.231.205, enter
http://210.65.231.205
Step 3: You will be prompted to enter your user name and password. Type
the password that was set in the console session [refer to Section
3.1.1], or if the password was not changed, type the default
passwords. The default ADMINISTRATOR password is root, and the
default USER name is user.
Note: A system ADMINISTRATOR is the only person that can

configure, change parameters, monitor, and read the performance
and status of the system. A USER can only monitor and read the
status of the system. The password to access through the Web is
the same as for Telnet access [refer to Section 3.2 for more
details].
Step 4: After successfully logging in, you will reach the main configuration
page.
25
Figure 5-1 Web Main Menu
5.2 Web page layout

On each Web page, there are three basic areas.
1. The first is the top panel of the Web page, with the following buttons:
Button Destination
Home: Web main page

Setup: Quick setup
Config: Basic configuration
Advance: Advance configuration
Utility: Utilities
Monitor: Status monitor
26
2. The second is the sub-menu located on the left side that changes after the
operator clicks a button in the top panel described above.
3. The third is the main window in middle of the page, which is the area that
displays the parameters or explanations of the sub-menus.
27
5.3 Operation
The Web page follows a tree-structured design. The operational methods are
similar to the console and Telnet modes. A systematic method is used to
configure the modem. On-screen explanations of each function or parameter are
provided to help the operator to know what is being done and what can be
processed next. The following buttons are used during configuration:
Button Function
Next To proceed with the selected option, or advance to the next page
Back To return to the previous page
Reset To restore the original default parameters
Cancel To stop and quit the current page without changing any settings
Finish To submit the selected settings, or to exit the page when a status
table has finished reading.
OK To confirm the settings when a parameter is inserted or changed.
Modify To modify the parameters.
Add To add an item to a list, such as a MAC entry or a static route entry.
Click the Add button after inserting the required parameters. Click
Finish when the ADD action is completed
28
5.4 Quick Setup
The Quick Setup Wizard includes five steps. The modem can normally function
after these steps are completed. The Setup button links to a quick configuration
page for the administrator to easily customize the modem. It has the following
functions:
LAN Parameters
ATM Interface Parameters
ATM VC Parameters
Step 1: Click the Setup button to access the Quick Setup Wizard.
Figure 5-2 Quick Setup
Step 2: Follow the five steps described in the Quick Setup Wizard. Click the
Next button when a step is completed, and you will be prompted to
complete the rest of the steps.
Step 3: The page will display all the adjusted settings for you to review again.
Step 4: Click the Finish button to confirm the settings.
Step 5: The system will prompt the administrator to save (this performs the
same function as write in the console menu) the configurations into
the system flash memory and then restart the system, so the new
parameters take effect. Click the Save button and then the Restart
button as instructed.
29
5.5 Basic Configuration
At this stage, the administrator can alter the following parameters:
Load Factory Default

System Parameters (host name, domain name, operation mode, SHDSL
physical mode, user password)
ATM VC Parameters
ATM Interface Parameters
Review Parameters
Save and Restart
Step 1: Click the Config button to access the Basic Configuration page.
Figure 5-3 Basic Configuration
Step 2: The Basic Configuration page allows you to load the factory default
settings (default: IP 210.65.231.206, baud rate, 9600 bps) or
configure the other functions by following the online explanations.
Step 3: After the parameters are set up, the page will display all the adjusted
settings for the administrator to review.
Step 5: The system will prompt the administrator to save (write) the
configurations into the system flash memory and then restart the
30
system to make the new parameters effective. Click the Save button
and then the Restart button as instructed.
5.6 Advance Configuration

On the Advance Configuration page, you can perform the following functions:
Static Route Parameters

Transparent Bridging Parameters
SNMP Parameters
TFTP Parameters
HTTPD: This function is used to enable or disable the Web browser.
Save and Restart
Step 1: Click the Advance button to access the Advance Configuration page.
Figure 5-4 Advance Configuration
Step 2: Follow the online explanations to configure each function.
Step 3: After the parameters are set up, the page will display all the adjusted
settings for the administrator to review the settings.
31
Step 5: The system will ask the administrator to save (write) the
configurations into the system flash memory and then restart the
system to make the new parameters effective. Click the Save button
and then the Restart button as instructed.
5.7 Utilities
Click Utility to access the Utilities page. The following briefly describes the
functions on the Utilities page.
Ping Test
Use this function to test a specific network connection.
Forwarding Table Utility

Use this function to see the forwarding table of the system.
TFTP Application
TFTP Server IP Address: Define the TFTP server IP address.
File Name: Specify the filename that you want to put or get.
Type: Specify the TFTP option (Download / Upload) and application type
(Firmware / Configuration / Homepage.
Save and Restart
32
5.8 Monitor
On the Monitor page, you can perform the following functions:
System information (System Name, Firmware Version, Hardware

Information, System Time)
SHDSL Status Monitor
ATM Interface Monitor
SHDSL Performance Statistics

Line Attenuation and Noise Margin
CRC/ES/SES/LOSWS/UAS
Interface Performance Statistics

Transmitted and Received Packets
Transmitted and Received Rates

Transmitted and Received Packets
Transmitted and Received Rates
33
34
Part II: Advanced Configuration
This section will explain how to configure the advanced
parameters of the CT-320.
Chapter 6: Bridging
Chapter 7: Static routing
Chapter 8: SNMP
35
36
Chapter 6 Bridging
6.1 Overview
The CT-320 can be set to bridge or modem mode. A bridge is a device that links
local or remote area networks together. It forwards packets based on a MAC
address. A modem links networks, it forwards packets based on an IP address. It
can be used to separate unwanted traffic, reduce the traffic, or to provide security
from unauthorized users.
This chapter describes static bridging configurations. The operator can add or
delete a static MAC (Media Access Control) entry, enable the spanning tree or view
the bridging parameters.
6.2 Add Static MAC Entry

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/STATIC/ADD menu.
Step 2 Enter the MAC address and port map.
Note: Port Map

17 bits are used to specify the operating mode of 17
interfaces (LAN and ATM1 ~16) when the MAC address is
processed in bridging mode. The leftmost character
represents the LAN interface (1000000000000000) and
rightmost character represents the ATM16 interface
(00000000000000001). There are three operating modes:
0: Filtering
1: Forwarding
2: Dynamic
In dynamic mode, the operating mode of the MAC address in

the interface follows the learning result of the bridging
function. For example, if we configure the port map of the
MAC address to be 10000000000000000, the MAC address
will be forwarded to the LAN interface and filtered from all
ATM interfaces
Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3……… Bit 16 Bit 17

LAN ATM1 ATM2…… ATM15 ATM16
Step 3 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the new configurations.
37
6.3 Delete Static MAC Address
Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/DELETE menu.
Step 2 Enter the MAC address.
Step 3 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to delete the MAC address.
6.4 Spanning Tree Protocol

The spanning can be used to avoid errors in data flow. The default setting of the
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) function of the modem is disabled. To enable it,
follow these steps.
Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/STP/BRIDGE menu. Spanning

Tree: enabled/disabled (default: disabled) Priority (0-65535)
Step 2 Choose Enabled in the Spanning Tree field. After the spanning
tree is enabled, it can normally function without other adjustments,
and you can proceed to step 5. However, if you want to specify
the bridge or port priority, perform steps 3 to 5.
Step 3 After choosing Enabled in the Spanning Tree field, enter a value
between 0 and 65535 in the Priority field. It is used to define the
bridging root.
Step 4 Go to the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/STP/PORT menu to configure the

following fields.
Interface: LAN /ATM1 to 16 (factory default: LAN)

Operation: Enabled/ Disabled (factory default: enabled)
Priority: 128 (ranging from 0 to 255)
Step 5 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the parameters.
Step 6 Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu to write the new configurations into the
flash memory, and then reboot the device.
38
6.5 Forwarding Table
To list the bridging table where you can find the network status, enter the
MAIN/UTIL/BRIDGING menu.
39
40
Chapter 7 Static Route (Remote Management)
7.1 Static Route Configuration

This section explains how to add, delete and verify a static route.
7.1.1 Add a static route
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD menu
Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field (Note: The default route for the
network/host address and subnet mask is 0.0.0.0.)
Network/Host Enter the network or host address of the destination

address:
Gateway Address: Enter the address of the gateway
Metric: Enter the maximum number of modems (1-15) the data

packets must travel through before reaching their final
destination.
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the parameters.
7.1.2 Delete a Static Route
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/DELETE menu
Network/Host Enter the destination network or host address

address:
41
Gateway: Enter the address of gateway
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to delete the static route
7.1.3 List Static Routes
You can view the configuration of static routes at:

MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/LIST
7.2 Ping Test Utility

The Ping test is used to verify the status of the network connection after the static
route function is enabled. Ping sends a request message to the host and waits for
a return message. This diagnostic function can verify if the remote host is
reachable for Telnet or FTP purposes. Ping can also measure the round-trip time
to the remote host.
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/PING menu
Network/Host Enter the destination of the network address or host address

address:
Data Size: Enter the packet size for ping with a value between 16 and
1500
Times: Enter the number of times that the ping test will be executed
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to start the ping test.
Step 4: In a few minutes, the test results will be displayed:
Ping Total: The total number of tests performed

Ping Success: The number of tests successfully performed
Ping Fail: The number of tests that failed
Ping Average Time (ms): The average round-trip time of the test
Ping Last Time (ms): The round-trip time of the last ping test
42
Chapter 8 SNMP
The modem supports SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) management.

This chapter describes how to set the SNMP community [Section 8.1], and trap
destinations [Section 8.2].
8.1 Community
Step 1: Enter MAIN/CONF/SNMP/COMMUNITY menu.
Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field. The default settings for read-only
read-write communities are public and private.
Read-Only Enter the password for read-only access (default: Public)

Community:
Read-Write Enter the password for read-write access (default: Private)

Community:
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys.
8.2 Trap Destinations

Up to five trap destinations are available in the system.
8.2.1 Add Trap Destination Entry
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/SNMP/TRAP/ADD menu
Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields
Version: Version 1/Version 2
Destination IP: Enter the destination IP address
Community: Enter a parameter for the community
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys
8.2.2 Delete Trap Destination Entry
43
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/SNMP/TRAP menu
Step 2: Enter the following parameters
Version: Version 1/Version 2
Destination IP: Enter the destination IP address
Community: Enter the parameter for the community
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to delete the trap destination entry.
8.2.3 List Trap Destination Entries
To list the trap destination entries, access the MAIN/CONF/SNMP/TRAP/LIST menu.
44
Part III: Maintenance and Applications
This section will discuss maintenance of your CT-320 including

updating software/firmware and restoring default settings. It will also
show some of the applications and typical setups for the device.
Finally, some solutions will be given to some common areas of
difficulty in the troubleshooting section.
Chapter 9: Maintenance
Chapter 10: Applications
Chapter 11: Troubleshooting
45
46
Chapter 9 Maintenance
9.1 Load Factory Default Values

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/DEFAULT menu.
Step 2: You will see the following message:
This will set system parameters to factory default!(Y/N)
Step 3: Press the Y key. The system will proceed to restore the default
configurations.
Step 4: You will see the following message:
Set system parameters to factory default! Press any key to return

to previous menu ...
Step 5: Press ESC to return to the previous menu.
Step 6: Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu to write the configurations to the flash
memory.
Step 7: Enter the MAIN/REBOOT menu to reboot the system.
47
9.2 Software Upgrade
The modem utilizes the TFTP protocol to upgrade the modem software. Follow the
steps below to upgrade the modem software.
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP menu
Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields
TFTP Server IP Address: Enter the TFTP Server IP address
File Name: Enter the file name of the software
TFTP option: Choose Download
Application Type: Choose Firmware
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to download the software from the TFTP
server.
Step 4: When the download is completed, you will see the following message:
Transfer Completed! Upgrade now?(Y/N). Press the Y key to start
upgrading the software with the new file.
Step 5: When the new software is upgraded, you will see the following message:
Upgrade completed! Press any key to continue.
Step 6: Press any key to continue. The software is successfully upgraded.
Step 7: Reboot the system.
48
9.3 Configuration Backup and Restoration
The modem utilizes the TFTP protocol to back up and restore the current
configuration parameters. The administrator may save the configuration
parameters as a file and retrieve it later. To do this, you need to set up a TFTP
server, which can be LAN-connected or WAN-connected to the modem. Then,
perform the following steps.
9.3.1 Configuration Backup
The configuration backup function saves the current system parameters as a file.
To do this, follow the steps below.
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP menu
Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields:
File Name: Enter a file name for the configuration file
TFTP option: Choose Upload
Application Type: Choose Configuration
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to start uploading the file to the TFTP server.
Step 4: When the upload is completed, you will see the following message:
Configuration Upload Completed! Press any key to continue.
Step 5: Press any key to exit the menu. The configuration is successfully
uploaded.
Step 6: Reboot the system
49
9.3.2 Configuration Restoration
To retrieve configuration parameters, saved in a previous backup session, follow

the steps below:
Step 1: Start from the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP menu.
Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields:
File Name: Enter the file name for the configuration file
Application Type: Choose Configuration
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to start downloading the file.
Step 4: When the restoration is completed, the system will display:

Configuration Restoration Completed! Press any key to continue
Step 5: Press any key to exit the menu. The configuration is successfully
restored now.
Step 6: Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu to write the configurations. to the flash
memory, and then reboot the system.
50
9.4 Upgrading the Homepage
The homepage image file is pre-downloaded in the system by factory default.
Follow the steps below to upgrade it.
Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP menu.
File Name: Enter the file name of the homepage
Application Type: Choose Homepage
Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields.
Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to start downloading the file from the TFTP
server.
Step 4: When the download is completed, the screen displays:

Transfer Completed! Upgrade now?(Y/N). Press the Y key to upgrade the
homepage with the new file.
Step 5: After the homepage is upgraded, the menu displays Upgrade

completed! Press any key to continue.
Step 6: Press any key to continue. The homepage is successfully upgraded.
Step 7: Reboot the system.
51
9.5 Performance Monitoring
Enter the MAIN/MON menu. You can monitor the following interface statuses.
SHDSL Status Monitor
ATM Interface Monitor
SHDSL Performance Statistics
9.5.1 SHDSL Status Monitor
You can view the SHDSL status from the MAIN/MON/STATUS menu. The following
information is provided:
Terminal Type: CO or CPE
Operate State:
There are five operating modes that represent different states of the session:
idle, handshake, PMMS (Power Measurement Modulation Session), training,
and data. The PMMS mode does not exit when fixed data rate is set. A
correct process to establish the session will go through idle, handshake,
PMMS, training, and data. Data state means the session is established.
Bit Rate(Actual): The current data rate (Nx64 Kbps + Ix8 Kbps , refer
to 4.3 SHDSL Characteristics)
Indicator: The error condition that is detected at the moment.
9.5.2 ATM Interface Monitor
You can find the ATM interface status from the MAIN/MON/ATM menu. In the menu,
the statuses of ATM1 to ATM16 are listed.
Interface (ATM1-ATM16)
IP/Mask address
VPI/VCI
Encapsulation
PCR or SCR
Protocol
Status: disable, up (the interface is ready for transmission) or down (the
interface is not ready for transmission)
52
9.5.3 SHDSL Performance Statistics
You can monitor the SHDSL line performance from the MAIN/MON/SHDSLPERF menu.
In the menu, the statistics of the SHDSL line performance are recorded. You can
reset the items marked since reset by holding down the Ctrl-T keys.
Line Attenuation (dB): Current attenuation
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB)
CRC (since reset): The cumulative statistics of seconds, since last reset,
when there is a CRC error in the preceding superframe
ES (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Errored Seconds, since last
reset
SES (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Severely Errored Seconds,
since last reset
LOSWS (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Loss of Sync Word
Seconds, since last reset
UAS (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Unavailable Seconds, since
last reset
CRC (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of CRC
error seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day
ES (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of Errored
Seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day
SES (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of
Severely Errored Seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day
LOSWS (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of Loss
of Sync Word Failure, when there is Loss of Signal, for the current 15
minutes or 1 day
UAS (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of
Unavailable Seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day
For more details of the above error conditions, refer to G.991.2 (G.SHDSL).
53
9.5.4 Interface Performance Monitor
You can monitor the interface performance statistics of the LAN and ATM1 to
ATM16 in the MAIN/MON/INTRPREF menu. You can reset the items marked since
reset by holding down the Ctrl-T keys.
Interface: LAN or ATM interfaces
TxPkts (since reset): the transmitted packets, since last reset
RxPkts (since reset): the received packets, since last reset
Discards (since reset): the received packets that are discarded since
last reset
RxErrors (since reset): the received errors, since last reset. The
errors may be ATM interface errors (HEC error, ABORT error, Receive
Length error, CRC error, Receive Frame Length Violation, Receive
nonoctect-aligned frame, Short Frame, CRC error, Overrun, and Collision),
Ethernet errors, and Encapsulation errors.
TxRate (bps): the transmit rate of the interface
RxRate (bps): the receive rate of the interface
Status of the interface: disable, up (the interface is ready for

transmission) or down (the interface is not ready for transmission)
54
9.6 Utilities
This section describes some utilities that can be used to upgrade software, perform
tests and view system information.
9.6.1 TFTP Application
This utility can be accessed from MAIN/UTIL/TFTP. It can be used to send or

receive firmware, configuration or homepage files, you need to complete the
following fields.
TFTP Server IP Address: Define the TFTP server IP address
File Name: Specify the filename that you want to send or

receive
TFTP option Download or Upload

Application Type: Firmware / Configuration / Homepage
9.6.2 Ping Test
Located at MAIN/UTIL/PING this test is used to verify the accessibility of a host or

other device by sending it a message and monitoring the response.
Host IP Address Input the IP address of the device you wish to access
Data Size(bytes) Enter the data size in bytes that you wish to send
Times Enter how many times you want to send the data
9.6.3 Forwarding Table Utility
Available at MAIN/UTIL/BRIDGING use this function to see the forwarding table of

the system. A Forwarding Table is a table used by a bridge to send traffic to
another device in the network.
9.6.4 SHDSL Diagnostics
55
SHDSL diagnostics functions can be accessed from the MAIN/UTIL/DIAG menu.
There are three main types of tests: Analog Loopback, Digital Loopback, and
Spectrum Test.
Loopback:
A diagnostic procedure that sends a test message back to its origination point. It is
used to test various portions of a data link in order to isolate an equipment or data
line problem.
Analog Loopback Test

A test in which the modem’s transmit VF signal is looped to its receiver.
Digital Loopback Test

This test is a local digital loopback test that connects the device’s receiver output
back to the transmitter input. This test disrupts the transmission of primary data.
Spectrum Test
This tests the power of the frequency spectrum. This requires external equipment such
as a spectrum analyser or a true RMS voltmeter.
9.6.5 EOC Diagnostics
Available at MAIN/UTIL/EOC this diagnostic allows loopback tests to be conducted

over an EOC (embedded operations channel). See the previous section for
information about loopback tests and the section that follows for more information
about EOC (Virtual Terminal function).
9.6.6 Virtual Terminal
Virtual terminal utilizes An EOC (Embedded Operations Channel) to establish a

connection between DSL devices. AN EOC is an out-band channel between DSL
devices, used for 4 Kbps management data. Although the connection speed is only
4Kbps, this function is useful to configure critical settings, such as IP addresses;
which are preventing a faster connection from being established; or for conducting
loopback tests, remotely. Virtual terminal can be accessed from the
MAIN/UTIL/VTERM menu. To exit the screen, hold down the CTRL and E keys.
Example application
AN ISP needs to configure the settings for an end user’s modem; however a
connection cannot be established to the IP address of the modem. To avoid the
time and cost of going to the end-users site, the ISP can use Virtual Terminal, to
56
change the IP address on the end-users modem. After the IP address is changed
the Virtual Terminal connection can be closed, so that a faster connection can be
established, to complete the configuration process.
57
58
Chapter 10 Application- PPPoE
This chapter describes the practical configuration of the SHDSL modem. It shows
how to configure the modem for PPPoE. To configure the modem for PPPoE, the
PPPoE client software should run on your PC.
Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM screen and select a proper SHDSL

interface, ANSI (full rate), ANSI (Splitterless), G992_1(G.DMT), or
G992_2(G.lite) from the SHDSL physical Mode field.
59
Step 2 Enter MAIN/QC/VC/VC1 and give a value for VPI/VCI. Depending on
different applications, the user can also change other parameters within
this screen.
Step 3 Run the PPPoE program from PC.
60
Chapter 11 Troubleshooting
1: Altered parameters are lost after restarting

When you adjust or change parameters, you should save the parameters in RAM
by holding down the Ctrl-S keys. This procedure only saves the parameters
temporarily. Therefore, before you exit the system, you must write the
configurations into the flash memory by entering the MAIN/WRITE menu [see
Section 3.6.1] and reboot the device by entering the MAIN/REBOOT menu [see
Section 3.6.2].
2: Can’t Login
The default setting for the console password check function is disabled; you are
not required to enter a password when you enter the console mode. However, if
the password check function has been enabled, you will need the password that
was set to enter the system [see Section 3.1 Step 10]. If accessing the modem
through Telnet or the Web, you will be prompted to enter a password. You can try
the default passwords to log in.
Read-write access Login: root Password: root
Read-only access Login: user Password: user
3: Unable to access the modem. There are several conditions that will disable
your access to the modem via the console, Telnet or the Web.
Message Solution
Incorrect user The password you entered is wrong. Check your
user name and password again.
Administrator is Somebody with the administrator’s password is
configuring! Reject to configuring the modem via the Telnet or the Web.
enter console mode Only one administrator can access the modem at
configuration! any one time. Wait until the person logs out, or try
user’s password.
Exceed maximum three Up to two users and one administrator can use
telnet logins. Login Telnet simultaneously to access the modem. If
reject! there are already three operators using Telnet, try
the Web browser or wait until one of the users logs
out.
Exceed maximum two There are already two users with user password
telnet logins with user accessing the modem through Telnet. Try the
account. Login administrator’s password to log in, or log in via the
reject! Web.
Administrator is Somebody is configuring the modem with the
configuring, you can try administrator’s password. Try the user’s password
user login... to log in.
61
62
Appendix A – Menu Index of Console/Telnet
LEVEL 1 LEVEL2 LEVEL3 LEVEL4 Default Value

QC LAN NETWORK TYPE GLOBAL
IP ADDRESS 210.65.231.206
SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0
ATM ATM1~ATM16 INTERFACE ENABLED
PROTOCOL ETHERNET
IPCP STATIC
ISP ISP1
ATM VC VC1
IP ADDRESS
SUBNET MASK
VC VC1~VC16 VPI/VCI 0/33
AAL5 ENCAPSULATION LLC
VC QOS UBR
PEAK CELL RATE 864000
SUSTAINABLE CELL
0
RATE
BURST TOLERANCE 0
LEVEL 1 LEVEL2 LEVEL3 Default Value

CONF DEFAULT
SYSTEM HOST NAME SHDSLR
DOMAIN NAME
OPERATION MODE BRIDGE
CO CHIPSET ADI
SHDSL PHYSICAL MODE ANSI(FULL RATE)
CONSOLE PASSWORD CHECK DISABLED
SESSION TIMEOUT(MINUTE) 10
NEW ADMINISTRATOR PASSWORD
RETYPE PASSWORD
NEW USER PASSWORD
RETYPE PASSWORD
63
LEVEL1 LELEV2 LEVEL3 LEVEL4 LEVEL5 Default Value
INTERFACE LAN NETWORK TYPE GLOBAL
IP ADDRESS 210.65.231.206
SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0
ATM ATM1~ATM16 INTERFACE Enabled
PROTOCOL ETHERNET
IPCP STATIC
ISP
ATM VC
IP ADDRESS
SUBNET MASK
DNS DNS PROXY DISABLED

PRIMARY SERVER IP
ADDRESS
SECONDARY SERVER IP
ADDRESS
64
READ-ONLY
SNMP COMMUNITY PUBLIC
COMMUNITY
READ-WRITE PRIVATE
COMMUNITY
TRAP ADD VERSION VERSION 1
DESTINATION IP
COMMUNITY
DELETE VERSION VERSION 1
DESTINATION IP
COMMUNITY
LIST VERSION
DESTINATION IP
COMMUNITY
ILMI ILMI DISABLED
VPI/VCI 0/16
SERVER IP
TFTP
ADDRESS
FILE NAME
VC VC1~VC16 VPI/VCI 0/33
AAL5
LLC
ENCAPSULATION
VC QOS UBR
PEAK CELL RATE
864000
(BPS)
SUSTAINABLE
0
CELL RATE (BPS)
BURST
TOLERANCE 0
(MSEC)
65
BRIDGING STATIC ADD MAC ADDRESS
PORT MAP
DELETE MAC ADDRESS
LIST MAC ADDRESS
OPERATION
STP BRIDGE SPANNING TREE DISABLED
PRIORITY 32768
PORT INTERFACE LAN
OPERATION ENABLED
PRIORITY 128
HTTPD WEB SERVER ENABLED
DOWNSTREAM FRAMING MODE 3
SCRAMBLE ENABLED
TRELLIS CODED MODULATION DISABLED
ECHO CANCELATION MODE3
BIT SWAPPING DISABLED
66
LEVEL1 LELEV2 LEVEL3 Default Value
MON STATUS TERMINAL TYPE
OPERATE STATE
INIT STATUS
BIT RATE (ACTUAL)
BIT RATE (MAX)
INDICATOR
ATM INTERFACE ENABLED
PROTOCOL ENABLED
IPCP STATIC
ISP ISP1
VC VC1
OPERATION MODE BRIDGE
NETWORK TYPE GLOBAL
ADDRESS
MASK
SHDSLPERF LINE ATTENUATION
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO (DB)
CRC (SINCE RESET)
ES (SINCE RESET)
SES (SINCE RESET)
LOSWS (SINCE RESET)
UAS (SINCE RESET)
CRC (CUURENT 15 MIN/ 1DAY)
ES (CUURENT 15 MIN/ 1DAY)
SES (SINCE RESET)
LOSWS (CUURENT 15 MIN/ 1DAY)
UAS (CUURENT 15 MIN/ 1DAY)
INTRPREF INTERFACE
TXPKTS
RXPKTS
EXERRORS
TX RATE (BPS)
RXRATE(BPS)
STATUS
UTIL TFTP TFTP SERVER IP ADDRESS
FILE NAME
TFTP OPTION DOWNLOAD
APPLICATION TYPE FIRMWARE
PING HOST IP ADDRESS
DATA SIZE 32
TIMES 4
TIMES 4
67
LEVEL1 LELEV2 LEVEL3 Default Value
BRIDGING S-STATUC
D-DYNAMIC
0-FILTER
1-FORWARD
2- DYNAMIC
LEVEL1 LELEV2 Default Value

SYS SYSTEM NAME
MODEL
FIRMWARE VERSION
CPU
SYSTEM CLOCK
RAM
FLASH
SHDSL CHIPSET
ELAPSED TIME
LEVEL1 Default Value

WRITE
REBOOT
QUIT
68
Appendix B - Specifications
WAN interface (one SHDSL port)
Item Specifications
Encoding scheme TC-PAM
Line rate Per ITU-T G.991.2 (G.SHDSL)
Data rate N x 64 Kbps, N= 1-36
ATM attributes
Item Specifications
Multi-protocol over AAL5 RFC-1483 Bridge
VCs 16
AAL type AAL5
ATM service class UBR/CBR/VBR
ATM UNI support UNI 3.1
OAM F4/F5 Yes
Management
Item Specifications
Console port RS232/DB9
SNMP Yes
Telnet Yes
Web-based management Yes
Configuration backup and Yes
restoration
LED indicators Power, LAN status, SHDSL status
69
Local interface (One Ethernet port)
Item Specifications
Standard IEEE 802.3 10Base-T
Transparent bridging and learning Yes
Power supply
Item Specifications
Power source 110 VAC or 220 VAC (50 or 60 Hz)
Input voltage 12~14 VAC
Environmental conditions
Item Specifications
Operating temperature 0~50 degrees Celsius
Relative humidity 5~90% (non-condensing)
Compliance FCC Part 15; FCC Part 68; CSA-03; UL 1950; EU standard
55022
Dimensions
Item Specifications
Width x Height x Depth 200mm x 40mm x 140mm
70
Appendix C - Pin Assignments
Pin number Definition Pin number Definition

1 NC 6 NC
2 TD 7 NC
3 RD 8 NC
4 NC 9 NC
5 GND
Note: NC means No connection.
Table C-1 Pin Assignments of Console Port
Pin number Definition Pin number Definition

1 Transmit data+ 5 NC
2 Transmit data- 6 Receive data-
3 Receive data+ 7 NC
4 NC 8 NC
Note: NC means No connection.
Table C-2 Pin Definitions of the LAN port
71
GLOSSARY .
.
100BaseT: A 100 Mbps Ethernet standard that uses twisted-pair
wiring.
10BaseT: A 10 Mbps Ethernet standard that uses twisted-pair wiring.
address: The symbol (usually numeric) identifying an interface
attached to a network.
ADSL: An asynchronous form of DSL in which the bandwidth
available for downstream connection is significantly larger than for
upstream.
analog loop: A test in which a modem’s voice signal is looped to its rece
Annex A: The Part of the G.992.1 standard that refers to ADSL over POT
(adopted by the US).
Annex B: The Part of the G.992.1 standard that refers to ADSL over ISD
(adopted by Europe).
Annex C: The Part of the G.992.1 standard that refers to ADSL over ISD
(adopted by Japan).
attenuation: The loss of power of a transmitted signal as it travels over
a wire.
auto-summary: A RIP command to restore the default behavior of
automatic summarization of subnet routes into network-level routes.
backbone: The main circuit that carries data before it is split into
extended circuits going to their final destination. Often used to refer to
the part of the network that joins LANs together.
bandwidth: The range of frequencies of a transmission channel. The
wider the range the higher the data rate that can be sent. Hence,
bandwidth is also taken to mean the data rate.
Baud: One baud is one symbol (state-transition or level-transition) per
second.
BERT: Bit Error Rate Test. A test that compares a received pattern
with a known transmitted pattern to determine the quality.
Bit: A binary digit, with the value of –0 or –1.
boot: Start a device.
72
Bps: Bits per second. The speed at which bits are transmitted across a
data connection.
bridge: A device that links local or remote area networks together,
forwarding packets based on a MAC address (compare with router).
broadband: Communication channels operating at transmission rates
in excess of 64 Kbps.
broadcast: The simultaneous transmission to two or more
communication devices.
BT: Burst Tolerance. The limit parameter of the Generic Cell Rate
Algorithm (GCRA).
buffer: A temporary storage used to compensate for a difference in the
rate of flow of data.
bus: An assembly of conductors that carries signals to and from
devices along its path and serves as a common connection for a group
of related devices.
busy: A device’s operational state, when the device is occupied with
processing a call.
Byte: Eight bits arranged in sequence
channel: A bi-directional communications pathway between a host
server and a client.
CHAP: Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol. A PPP
protocol to ensure authentication of the connection between two
devices.
circuit: A logical connection between two devices.
CO: Central Office, the local telephone exchange, also called PSTN.
COM port: A computer’s serial communications port.
CPE: Customer Premises Equipment. Equipment used by the
end-user.
cross talk: Undesired coupling of a signal from one circuit, or channel,
to another.
data rate: The speed measured in bits per second that data is
transferred over the carrier line.
Default: A pre-defined original value.
demodulation: The recovery, from a modulated carrier, of a signal.
73
DHCP server: A server that dynamically allocates network addresses
and delivers configuration parameters to hosts.
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. A TCP/IP protocol that
enables a network connected to the Internet to automatically assign a
temporary IP address to a host when the host connects to the network.
digital signal: A discrete or discontinuous signal where the states are
discrete intervals apart, such as +10 volts and –10 volts. These states
are then represented by the binary digits 0 and 1.
digital: loopback test: A test that connects the device’s receiver output
back to the transmitter input. This test will disrupt the transmission of
primary data.
DLL: Dynamic Link Library. DLLs are files that are automatically
loaded into memory when required.
DMT: Discrete MultiTone. The T1.413 standard modulation scheme
for Digital Subscriber Line technology.
DNS: Domain Name Server. A server that retains the addresses and
routing information for TCP/IP PAT users.
download: To receive a file over a network (compare with upload).
driver: A software module that provides an interface between a
network interface card and the upper-layer protocol software running
on a computer.
DSL: Digital Subscriber Line. A family of broadband services
provided over a traditional phone line, such as ADSL, SHDSL, and
VDSL.
DSP: Digital Signal Processor. The microprocessor that handles line
signaling in a modem.
DTE: Data Terminal Equipment. Equipment that transmits or receives
data in the form of digital signals.
dynamic detection: A process of a automatic detection of a new device
added or removed from the PC.
EOC: Embedded Operations Channel. An in-band channel between
DSL devices that operates at the physical layer for administration and
maintenance data.
error control: An algorithm used to detect and correct data
transmission errors.
74
errored second: An item in performance measurement report, which
pertains to a one second period with one or more errored blocks.
Ethernet address: Another name for MAC address.
Ethernet: A standard protocol (IEEE 802.3) for a 10-Mb/s baseband
local area network (PAT) bus that supports high-speed communication
among systems. It operates at the Physical Layer of the OSI Model.
ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute.
FCC: Federal Communications Commission of the United States.
filter: A configuration that stops the flow of certain types data frames.
firmware: Software that has been temporarily or permanently loaded
into ROM.
flash memory: A type of RAM that retains its information, even after
powering-down.
flow control: A process that uses buffers to stop and start the flow of
data in a network to avoid losing data, and allow devices with
different transmission schemes to communicate with each other.
FTP: File Transfer Protocol. A TCP/IP standard protocol for
transferring files.
full-duplex: transmitting in two directions simultaneously.
G.991.2: An ITU-T specification for high speed DSL known as
G.SHDSL.
G.DMT: Another name for the G.992.1 ITU specification.
G.lite: Another name for the G.992.2 ITU specification.
gateway: A communications device that connects two different
networks.
header: The beginning of a frame or cell that contains management
and addressing information.
hop: One point-to-point transmission in a series required to transmit a
message between two hosts in a network.
host: An addressable computer connected to a network.
hub: A device that serves as the central location for attaching wires
form workstations.
ICMP: Internet Control Management Protocol. An Internet protocol
that allows for the generation of error messages, tests packets, and
75
information messages related to IP.
IDSL: A form of ISDN DSL using 2B1Q line code.
IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
IEEE: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
ILMI: Interim Local Management Interface. Provides ATM layer
management between a switch and a client device.
IP address: Internet Protocol address. The decimal-numeric,
fixed-length address assigned to an Internet host.
IP multicast: A technique that allows packets to be simultaneously
transmitted over the Internet to a multiple destinations.
IPOA: IP over ATM.
IRQ: Interrupt re-quest, a hardware interrupt on a PC.
ISO: International Standards Organization.
ISP: Internet Service Provider. An organization that provides access to
the Internet.
ITU: International Telecommunications Union. The
telecommunications agency of the United Nations.
kbps: Literally it means Kilobits per second, but usually it is taken to
mean 1,024 bits per second.
LAN: Local Area Network. A LAN is a A data communications
system that lies within a limited spatial area, has a specific user group,
and has a specific topology.
latency: The time it takes a signal to transmit from its source to its
destination.
LED: Light Emitting Diode. A light or status indicator.
LOC: Loss of Cell delineation. A situation where receiving equipment
is unable to identify the boundaries of a cell.
local analog loopback: A test in which the modem’s VF signal is
looped to its receiver.
local loop: An ordinary telephone line.
local loopback test: An analog loopback test that loops a device’s
transmitter output back to receiver input.
loopback: A diagnostic procedure where a test message is sent back to
its origination point, in order to isolate an equipment or data line
76
problem.
LOS: Loss of Signal. A digital line condition where there are no
pulses.
MAC address: Media Access Control address. The unique fixed
address of a piece of hardware, normally set at the time of
manufacture and used in PAT protocols.
MAC: Medium Access Control, a protocol for determining which
device has access to the network at any one time.
Mbps: Megabits per second. One megabit is 1,048,576 (10242) bits.
MCU: Multi-Commercial Unit. A commercial building or complex
with multiple tenants.
MDU: Multi-Dwelling Unit. A residential building with multiple
tenants.
MIB II: MIB Release 2. An update of the MIB standard, defined by
RFC 1213.
MIB: Management Information Base. A database of managed objects
used by network management protocols to provide network
management information and device control.
modem: Modulator Demodulator. A device used to convert a digital
signal into an analog signal and vice-versa so that data can be
transmitted over a telephone line.
modulation: The process of varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase
of a carrier wave to form data transmissions.
multicasting: The ability of a network node to send the same data to
multiple endpoints.
multiframe: An ordered, functional sequence of frames on a
multiplexed digital circuit.
NAT: Network Address Translation is a transparent routing function
that translates a Private IP address on a PAT into a Public address that
can be used in a public network.
network address: The network portion of an IP address.
network protocol: Network protocols encapsulate and forward data
packets from one interface to another.
NIC: A Network Interface Card is a card installed in a device to
provide network communication capabilities to and from that device.
77
node: A connection or switching point in a network, also called a host.
noise: Unwanted interference to a transmitted signal by an outside
source.
PAP: Password Authentication Protocol. PPP protocol that ensures
authentication of the connection between two devices.
PAT: Port Address Translation is a form of NAT that maps multiple
Private IP addresses to a single Public IP address.
ping: An internet utility signal sent to check the accessibility of a
device.
Plug-and-Play: The ability of a PC to configure expansion boards and
other devices automatically without requiring the user to turn off the
system during installation.
point-to-point connection: Any connection with only two endpoints. A
dedicated data link that connects only two stations.
poison reverse: A routing protocol command that tells its neighbor
gateways that one of the gateways is no longer connected.
POP: Point Of Presence.
Port: An access point where data can enter or exit.
POTS: Plain Old Telephone Service.
PPP over ATM: Point-to-Point Protocol over Asynchronous Transfer
Mode.
PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol. A protocol (RFC 1661) for transmitting
packets over serial links between devices made by the same or
different manufacturers.
PPPoE: Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. A method for
establishing sessions and encapsulating PPP packets over an Ethernet,
specified by RFC 2516.
PPTP: Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol. An extension of
Point-to-Point Protocol used to create virtual private networks
between PCs.
protocol: A set of rules that govern the transmission of data between
interconnected devices to maintain or improve communication.
proxy server: Provides a list of items available on other servers to
increase the availability and speed of retrieving that information.
78
PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network. The standard telephone
network.
PVC: Permanent Virtual Circuit. Virtual circuit that is permanently
established.
QoS: Quality of Service. The expected data loss or latency.
remote access: Communication from a remote location or facility
through a data link.
remote digital loopback test: This test loops the remote digital receiver
output back into the transmitter input.
remote host: The computer receiving the network commands.
RFC: Request for Comments. Documents published by the Internet
Engineering Task Force pertaining to Internet protocols and policies.
RIP: Routing Information Protocol. The protocol governing the
exchange of routing information.
RJ11: A 6-position jack used with dial networks and telephone sets.
RJ45: An 8-position jack used with programmable dial networks.
router: Protocol-dependent device that connects subnets together.
Routers operate at the network layer (layer 3) of the ISO Open
Systems Interconnection--Reference Model.
routing table: A table that lists routing paths to enable a node to route
traffic to another node in the network.
RS-232: a low-speed, 25-position, DCE/DTE interface.
server: Hardware or software that offers a specific service, such as
database management, to a client.
SHDSL: Symmetric High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Loop. A DSL
technology that allows symmetrical transmissions over longer
distances. Defined by the G991.2 ITU standard.
SLA: Service Level Agreement. A contract between a service provider
and a customer, which guarantees a minimum level or quality of
service to the customer.
SMTP: Simple Mail Transport Protocol. A protocol used to transfer
e-mail between or among servers.
SNMP agent: An application program that enables communication
between a management system and a device.
79
SNMP trap: A message sent to a SNMP manager to communicate
information about changes in the network, such as a device being
reset.
SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol. Protocol for open
networking management.
static route: A route that is permanent rather than a route that is
dynamically assigned by another router.
STP: Shielded Twisted Pair. Telephone wire that is wrapped in a
sheath to eliminate external interference.
subnet address: The subnet portion of an IP address.
subnet mask: A number that identifies the subnet portion of a network
address. so that IP addresses can be shared on a local area network.
subnet: An independent network segment, that is, it has the same
network address, but its subnet address is different.
switch: A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,
enabling multiple devices to share a limited number of ports. An
electrical switch is a device for making, breaking, or changing the
connections in an electrical circuit.
synchronous transmission: Transmission with the transmitter and
receiver synchronized so that data is transmitted at a fixed rate.
synchronous: Any operation that is controlled by a clock or timing
mechanism. (Compare with asynchronous).
TCP/IP: Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol, a set of
protocols that govern peer-to-peer connectivity functions for local and
wide area networks.
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol.
Telnet: The TCP/IP virtual terminal protocol that allows a user at one
site to access a remote system at another site.
throughput: The number of bits, characters, or blocks that are able to
pass through a data communication system.
training: A process where two modems try to determine the correct
protocols and transmission speeds to establish a communication
session.
trellis-coded modulation: Advanced error correction coding technique
for forward error correction to a modulation scheme by adding an
80
additional bit to each baud.
UDP: User Datagram Protocol. A connectionless protocol that
converts data messages generated by an application into packets to be
sent over IP.
UNIX: An operating system developed at AT&T Bell Laboratories.
upload: To receive a file transmitted over a network.
URL: Uniform Resource Locator. An Internet standard addressing
protocol for describing the location and access method of a resource
on the Internet.
USB: Universal Serial Bus. A bi-directional, isochronous, serial
interface for adding dynamically connectable peripheral devices,
without the need for a reboot.
UTP: Unshielded twisted pair is the most common kind of copper
telephone wiring.
VC: Virtual Circuit. A logical connection or packet-switching
mechanism established between two devices at the start of
transmission.
VCI: Virtual Channel Identifier. The 16-bit field in an ATM cell
header that specifies the virtual channel over which the cell is to be
transmitted.
VDSL: Very-high-speed DSL. A DSL protocol running at up to 52
Mbps, that is restricted to short distances.
virtual circuit: A logical circuit established between two devices at the
start of transmission
VOD: Video On Demand. A service that provides video to subscribers
upon request.
VPI: Virtual Path Identifier
VPI: Virtual Path Identifier. The 8-bit field in an ATM cell header that
specifies the routing path for a cell.
VPN: Virtual Private Network. A network implemented over a public
network that is made “private” by use of encryption.
VT100: A terminal used for asynchronous communications.
WAN: Wide area network. A communications network that connects
geographically separated areas (Compare with LAN).
81
xDSL: A generic term for all varieties of DSL.
XOFF: A character that notifies a device to stop transmitting data.
XON: A character that notifies a device to start or resume transmitting
data.
82
Contact Information
Contact by email
North America Technical Support: NA.support@comtrendcorp.com
International Technical Support: globalsp@comtrendcorp.com
Contact by phone
North America Office: 1-877-COMTREND
European Office: 34-917080105
Shanghai Office: 86-21-6251-9161
Taipei Office: 886-2-2999-8261
83

CT-320 SHDSL Modem User's Manual: Version A5.2 5-15-2002

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CT-320

Part I: Getting Started

Part II: Advanced Configuration

Part III: Maintenance and Applications

Use an appropriate power supply and a UL Listed telephone line cord.

Part I: Getting Started.................................................. 1

This section will provide an overview of the CT-320, including its

Chapter 1: Product features and applications

Chapter 2: Hardware installation

Chapter 3: Accessing the Modem

Chapter 4: Initial configuration (Console/Telnet)

Chapter 5: Web Configuration

Compact and high-performance standalone unit

Figure 1-1 DSLAM Application

Figure 1-2 Point-to-point Application

Figure 1-3 Front View

LED Color Mode Function

POWER Green On 12VAC power input is supplied to this unit

Off Power is not connected

ALERT Red Off Normal status

Flash Software downloading or self-testing

ACT Green On Transmit data or receive data over Ethernet

Off No data transmitted or received over the

COL Yellow On Collision occurs over Ethernet

On The physical link through RJ11 connection

Off SHDSL connection not established

Data RX Green On Receive data over SHDSL link

Off No data received over the SHDSL link

Data TX Green On Transmit data over the SHDSL link

Off No data transmitted over the SHDSL link

2.1 Rear Panel Connectors

2.2 Preparing for Installation

VT-100 Compatible Terminal –

Console Port Cable –

An optional LAN connection cable –

An optional RJ11 cable –

Figure 2-1 Installation

Step 1 Connect the Line port to the phone line.

3.1 Access by Console

Step 1 Start a standard VT-100 program such as HyperTerminal (Ver. 5 is

Step 2 Enter the following port settings:

LAN IP address: 210.65.231.206

Step 6 To change the LAN IP address, enter the MAIN/QC/LAN menu.

Step 8 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the settings.

Step 9 To change the passwords, enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu.

Step 11 Enter a new password for ADMINISTRATOR in the New

To have full access privileges as an ADMINISTRATOR, type root in

To have read-only access as a common USER, type user in the

Step 2: You will be requested to enter a login name and password.

To have full access privileges as an ADMINISTRATOR, type root in

To have read-only access as a common USER, type user in the

Step 3: The main menu should display

Step 4: For more operational instructions, refer to Chapter 5.

↓ The cursor moves downward in the menu.

→ Skips to the next menu.

^S Hold down the Ctrl-S keys simultaneously to perform different

^X In the leaf menu, hold down the Ctrl-X keys simultaneously to

^L Hold down the Ctrl-L keys simultaneously to return to the Home

^T Hold down the Ctrl-T keys simultaneously to reset the value or

Q Press the Q key to stop certain actions, such as software

^W Moves the cursor upward [equal to the up arrow key]

^Z Moves the cursor downward [equal to the down arrow key]

^A Return to the previous menu [equal to the left arrow key]