INNOVATIVE LEARNING I

Direct Instruction (DI) Learning Model

Submitted to fulfill the assignment of the Innovative Learning I course that is taught by
Findiyani Ernawati Asih, S.Pd., M.Pd

By

Mohammad Afifudin Armadani (18030194020)

Surabaya State University

Faculty of Math and Science

Chemistry Department

Chemistry Education Study Program

2020
 Topic : Nomenclature of benzene compounds
 Skill Mastery : students skilled in naming benzene compounds
 Procedure :
1. Determine the substituents that have the highest priority, then give
the smallest number. The order of writing substituents is based
on alphabetical order.
The priority order of the substituents:
COOH > SO3H > CHO > CN > OH > NH2 > R > NO2 > X
Name description:
Benzoic acid> thiosulfate> aldehyde> cyano> hydroxy / phenol>
amino / aniline> alkyl (methyl, ethyl, etc.)> nitro> halogen (F, Cl,
Br, I).
Example :
a.
NO2

Name of the substituent: NO2 = nitro (there is only one substituent,

NO2 is automatically a priority).
b.
OH

1
CH3
6
2
5 3
4

 Substituent name: OH = hydroxy, CH3 = methyl

 Priority order substituents:
OH> CH3 (OH is given the smallest number)
  Substituent writing sequence:
hydroxy - methyl (the letter h comes before the letter m)

CH3

1
6 CH3
2
5 3
4
Br

 Priority order substituents:

CH3 > Br (CH3 is given the smallest number)

 Substituent name:

CH3 = methyl, Br = bromo

 Substituent writing sequence:

Bromo - methyl (letter b before the letter m)

2. Naming :
 Starting with the number of the substituent location, the
name of the substituent, then followed by the word
“benzene”
 The number of substituents and names of the substituents are
separated by dashes (-)
 If there are the same substituents, they are given a prefix di
(two of the same substituents), tri (three of the same
substituents), etc.
 Specifically for benzene with 2 substituents, it can be
prefixed: ortho (o-) for the position of the substituent (1,2),
meta (m-) for the position of the substituent (1,3), and para
(p-) for the position of the substituent (1,4).
Example :
a.

NO2

 Compound name: nitrobenzene

b.

OH

1
CH3
6
2
5 3
4

 Compound name: 1-hydroxy-2-methylbenzene or ortho-

hydroxymethylbenzene or o-hydroxymethylbenzene
c.

CH3

1
6 CH3
2
5 3
4
Br

 Compound name: 4-bromo-1,2-dimethylbenzene

 Practice questions :
1. Determine the name of the following compound:
a.
CH3

b.

Cl

Cl

 Complex question exercises:

a.
NO2

O2N NO2

b.
CH3

CH3

H3C

CH3