SOLUCIONARIO ÁLGEBRA 2°

CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
ACTIVIDADES CAP 01
1) (3–2)–1 = 32 = 9  b)
TAREA
2) 243  c)
EXPONENTES Y RADICALES x20
 1  –3 1–3 1 1 M= = x20 – 18 = x2
3) = –3 = –3 = 33 = 27  a) x18
7 0 1 –5 3 3 3 3
1 M = 22 × 23 × 24 × 2–10 = 2–1 = 24
2 ×2 ×2 ×2 2 \ a)  3); b)  1); c)  2)
2 2 + 32 + 43 = 2 + 9 + 64 = 75
Clave B
–6 –20 –6
2 G = 2 –20× 2 4 = 2 4 = 110 = 1
2 ×2 2 2 1024 3 2 + 32 + 52 + 72 = 2 + 9 + 25 + 49 = 85
4 M = 9 + 16 + 7 + 1 + 3
33+4+5 12 519 · 719 · 816 · 516 · 339
3 M = 12 = 312 = 1 M = 25 + 7 + 2  M = 5 + 3 = 8 4 E=
2 · 3 · 530 · 95 · 55 · 218 · 218 · 718
30 30
3 3
Clave E 535 · 719 · 248 · 339 7
E= =
4
3
M = 8 + 25 = 2 + 5 = 7 248 · 340 · 718 · 535 3

68 · 410 (2 · 3)8 (22)10 28 · 38 · 220 7

5 E= = = E =
35 · 228 35 · 228 35 · 228 3
5 · + · 3
310 38 6
218 36 =3 +2 ·32 3

= 9 + 24 = 33 28 + 20 · 38
E= = 228 – 28 · 38 – 5 = 1 · 33 = 27
35 · 228 REFORZANDO
Clave D
6 1. (2x )(3x ) = 6x  5x ..... (F)
4 6 10 10

x6y9 ÷ x4y7 = x2y2

2. ..... (V) 1 • x2+4+6 · y3+5+7

3. (2x3)4 = 16x12  2x12 ..... (F) 6 1. (V) (am)n = am·n = am·n = (an)m x12 · y15

Clave D
n m
4. [(x2)3]4 = x24  x9 ..... (F)
2. (F) a  a m n
33⋅4⋅5 360
3. (F) (a + b)n  an + bn 2 • =
229⋅2 358
= 360 – 358
Clave D
7 (4x3)0 + (x4)3 + 3
x36
32 = 9
1+ x12 + x12 Clave A
24 24
1 + 2x12 3  2⋅4⋅3 3   3 3
7 • 4 3 = =  24  =
4  4   4 4 (3 ⋅ 5)2 ⋅ (34)3 32+12 ⋅ 52
12 3 •
52 ⋅ (33)4
= 2 12 = 32  9
3 ⋅3
16 1 16 1 4 1 13
8 24 + = + = + = 1
=
4
1
=
1 1 1 Clave B
25 2 25 2 5 2 10 • 4 = =
28 4
28
8
22 4
24
4 12 38 × 56 = 324 × 56 = 32 × 52 = 225 \
3 1 4
+ = =1 4 • 103 – 102 + 82
9 3 ×4 3 × 4 4 4
5 × 318 × 34 54 × 322 Clave A 10 ⋅ 9 + 8
3⋅ 10 + 8 = 38
Clave D
x16 · y24 · x12 x28
10 E = x27 · y24 = x27 = x 8
34·2(–3) · 33·9 3–24 · 327
= = 3–24 + 27 – 4 = 3–1 =
1
(32)2 34 3 1 1 1 1

Clave A 5 • 16 2 + 27 3 + 81 4 + 100 2

CUADERNO DE TRABAJO 2
4×
1
2
+3
3×
1
3
+3
4×
1
4
+ 10
2×
1
2
4
9 1  2 2 2
8 · 32 · 16 23 · 25 · 24 23 + 5 + 4 212 P = [72 + 242] + 2 + 3 + 3 + 10 = 20
1
4 · 64 · 2
= 2 6 =
2 · 2 · 2 22 + 6 + 1 29
= 25  5  Clave B
4
1 + 4  5 4
= 212 – 9 = 23 = 8 P = [49 + 576] = 625
25 25  25  ×3×4
Clave C 24×6 + 54
4
6 J=2
 1  4 625 24 4
P = 625 = =1 = 224 + 5 4 = 7
2 1. (F) (a–2)3 = a–2·3 = a–6  a–8 5 625
Clave C
Clave C
2. (V) 35 · 25 = (3 · 2)5 = 65
x2×4 ⋅ x5×6 ⋅ x20
3. (V) 63 · 42 = (2 · 3)3(22)2 = 23 · 33 · 24 = 27 · 33 7 •
x7×8
Clave A 10 8 4 250 8 4 250 8 4 2 ⋅ 125
= = x8+30+20
8⋅5 8⋅5 ⋅ 4 5 2 2 54 5 56 = x2
4 4
x Clave B
35 2 2 2
3 a) 2 = 35 – 2 = 33 = 27
4
5
3 34×2×(–3) ⋅ 33×3
2

3–2 8 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 125
4 4 4 4
4 2 125
8 •
32×2 ⋅ 3–3
b) –4 = 3–2 + 4 = 32 = 9 = = =2
3 2 2 4 25 4 5 2 4 125 3–24+27
= =9
3–1 3–1 3–1 34–3
c) –3 = 2 –3 = –6 = 3–1 + 6 = 35 = 243 Clave B Clave C
9 (3 ) 3

2 1
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

1 15y yx
2 4 2 6 a) (4x3 – 6x3 + 11x3) + 10x = 9x3 + 10x 3° 15y seg = min 
 

 
9 A = (27) 3 + 32 5
2 2 2 2 2 60 4
b) (17x y + 3x y) + (10xy – 6xy ) = 20x y
1 yx 249
3×2 5×4 2 + 4xy2 \ Total = 2yx + 60yx + = xy
A= 3 3 5 4 4
+2
Clave E
7
1
a) P(x; y) = 2x + 2x + 3y + 3y + 2x
A = {9 + 16} 2
= 6x + 6y

A = 25 = 5 7 Perímetro: P = 2(5x – y) + 2(3x + 3y)
Clave A b) P(x; y) = 2x + 2y + 2z + 2y + 2x + 3x


2x + 3x – y
= 7x + 4y + 2z P = 16x + 4y

5x – y
1 1 1
1 1
x 2 ⋅ x 6 ⋅ x24
10 •
1 1 1
= x 4 ⋅ x12
x 4 ⋅ x12 ⋅ x24 8 a) (3x2y4; 4x2y4); (–y4; 3y4) y + x + 2y + 2x

1 1
+
1 b) (0,25xy; 2xy); (3xy2; –7xy2) 3x + 3y

= x 4 12 = x3
3
= x Clave E
Clave B
9 a+1=7 a=6
8 • m – 2 = 3  m = 5 • n – 1 = 3  n = 4
11 • A = 26×0 = 1 b–2=a b=8
•p=3

• B = 60×2 = 1 ab = (6)(8) = 48
\ P(x) = 5x2 + 12x2 + 3x2  P(x) = 20x2
A+B=2
Clave C Clave A
10 n–1=3 ; m+1=3
n=4 m=2
34×6 ⋅ 33×10 324+30  P(x) = 4x3 + 5x3 – 8x3 = x3
12 F=
32×26
= 52 = 32 = 9
3
9 a – 1 = 2  a = 3  3b = 6  b = 2
Clave B \ a + 2b = 3 + 4 = 7
Clave D
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
5  4 2 20
13 • 27 × + +
3 3 9 1 Total = 3x2 + 2x2 + x2 = 6x2 10 a=4  b–2=4  b=6
Clave A \ P(x; y) = –2x4 + 6x4 + 3x4 = 7x4
36
45 + = 49 = 7 Clave D

9 Clave A
2 • a – 1 = 3  a = 4 • b + 1 = 4  b = 3
3 4 8
x5 ⋅ x5 ⋅ x5
15
x5 x3
• 2c = 4  c = 2 TAREA
14 M=
8 6
= 14
=
x2
=x
Reemplazando a, b y c:
x7 ⋅ x7 x7
4x3y4 + 3x3y4 + 2x3y4 = 9x3y4
1 2x + 3x – y + 2x + y = 7x
Clave A
Clave C
2 Total = (2x + y) + (x – 2y) + (3x + y)
5 29 (26 – 25) 5 5 Total = (2x + x + 3x) + (y – 2y + y) = 6x
15 T=
29
= 2 (2 – 1) = 2
3 3xn – 2y2nz3 semejante a 5x2ya + 2zb – 1
Clave B
• n – 2 = 2  n = 4 3 xn–3–1yn–5–2 = xn–4yn–7
• 2n = a + 2  8 = a + 2  a = 6 El exponente de las variables no debe ser
•3=b–1  b=4 negativo, entonces n como mínimo debe
ACTIVIDADES CAP 02 \ a + b + n = 4 + 4 + 6 = 14
ser 7.

EXPRESIÓN ALGEBRAICA Clave A

4 A(x;y) es E.A.R.E. y los demás son E.A.R.F.
\1y3
1 E = (x; y; z) = xy2z3 + 3xyz2
4 1) 8xy · x1y2 = 8x2y3 (sí)
 ERE. 2) 15x3 – 1y2 + 1 = 15x2y3 (sí)
3) 3 · x3y2 (no)
REFORZANDO
2 3a + 2 = 14 · a
4) (xy2)2y–1 = x2y4y–1 = x2y3 (sí)
4a = 12  a = 3 1 1. No
\ 1; 2 y 4 son semejantes. Q(x;y) = 3xy + 5xy2 Si
2.
3 3x2 + 2y3 – 2x2 + 4y3 + 3x2 + 3y3 = 6x2 + 9y2 Clave D 3. No

4. No

5 \ Solo (II) es una E.A.E.R.E.

4 –2x + 4x – y + 4x + y – x + y – x = 4x + y n + 3 = –1  2n  –1
Clave B
n = –4  nmín = –1

\ Mínimo valor: –4
5 P(x; y) = 3x2 + 2y2 – 2 x  ERE Clave D 2 5xn + 5 4x9 – n
2 Son semejantes
Q(x; y) = xy + 3x3 – 6  ERE
5 n+5=9–n n=2

x
Q(x; y) = xy + 2x3 – 3y2 6 1° 2yx litros
9 • Halle n2 + n  22 + 2 = 6
2° y horas = 60y min  60yx litros Clave D
ERF

2 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

3 • 4x2 + 3y3 – 3x2 + 2y3 + 4x2 12 P(x,y) = (a – b)xa + (a + 2)xb–2 + 3x4 6 P(x + 2) = 2x + 3
\ 5x2 + 5y3 • a = 4 •b–2=4
1 1
Clave E
b=6
P(1 + 2) = 2(1) + 3
P(x,y) = –2x4 + 6x4 + 3x4 = 7x4
P(3) = 5
4 M = 4x – [(5x – 3y) – 4y] + 7y Clave D
M = 4x – 5x + 7y + 7y
7 P(x) = ax + 10 ∧ P(2) = 6
\ M = 14y – x 13 t1 = –12xa–1y6 ∧ t2 = 4x2y3b
Clave E P(2) = 2a + 10
• a – 1 = 2 • 3b = 6 6 = 2a + 10  a = – 2
a = 3 b=2
5
E = 2 2 x2y + 2y–1 + 1
Exponente • a + 2b = 3 + 2(2) = 7 8 P(0) = 28  P(0) = (0 + a)(0 + 4)
Clave D
negativo 28 = 4a

\ Racional fraccionaria 7=a
Clave E 14 • 3mxm–2 + 2nxn–1 – mnp = px3

p = 3
n = 4 m= 5
9 G.R.(x) = 14  3a + 2b = 7
a=2
• P(x) = mx2 + nx2 + px2 = 5x2 + 4x2 + 3x2
6 3ax12 + 6x2a + 9bx3b G.A.(m) = 20  8a + b = 20 b = 4
\ P(x) = 12x2 a
  1  · 2b =  1  · 24 = 16
2
• 2a = 12 • 12 = 3b Clave A
2 5 25
a = 6 b=4

• 3(6)x12 + 6x12 + 9(4)x12 = 60x12 2 2

15 • A(x,y) = 4xy –
5
xy + 6x2y entera 10 P(x)  5°  P4(x) = 4 × 5 = 20
Clave D 3 x
• B(x,y) = x2y + 16xy + 4 fraccionaria Q(x)  4°  Q4(x) = 4 × 3 = 12
2 y R(x)  3°
7 12axa+2 + 13x2a–3 • C(x,y) = 5x4y + 12xy + y–4 fraccionaria
 (P4 – Q3)R = (20° – 12°)3°
2x 4y
a + 2 = 2a – 3 • D(x,y) = – + xy fraccionaria PQ(P – Q)2 (5° + 4°) (5° – 4°)2
y x
a=5 20° + 3° = 23° = 4° = 2

\ Son 1 y 3 =
• 12(5)x7 + 13x7 = 73x7 9° + 10° 19°
Clave C Clave D

CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
8 2x – {–2x + 3y + x – y – 6x}
ACTIVIDADES CAP 03
2x – {–7x + 2y}
POLINOMIOS 1 1. P(0) = 02 + 1 = –1 

\ 9x – 2y 0–1
Clave A P(0) < P(2)
22 + 1
1 P(2) = 2(2) + 1 = 5 P(2) =
2–1
=5
P(1) = 2(1) + 1 = 3
9 A+B–C (–1)2 + 1


P(0) = 2(0) + 1 = 1 2. P(–1) = = –1

x3 – 3x2 + 3x + 1 + x3 + 3x2 + 3x – 1 – 2x3 –1 – 1
P(–1) < P(3)
 L = P(2) + P(1) = 5 + 3 = 8 32 + 1

\ 6x P(0) 1 P(3) = =5
Clave A 3–1
Clave A
n–1 11 – n
2 P(x) = 2x + 1

10 P(x) = 4x 2 + 3x 3
+5
x+1 x+1 2 P(x) =
2x + 1
x–1
n – 1 11 – n P(x + 1) = 2(x + 1) + 1 = 2x + 2 + 1 = 2x + 3
; • ∈Z 2(2) + 1
2 3 • P(2) = =5
n → impar
2–1
3 G.A(P) = 13  2a – 1 = 13 • P(4) =
2(4) + 1 9
= =3
11 – n 1; 3; 5; 7; 9 a=7
∈ Z x x x x 4–1 3
3
2(0) + 1 1
\n=5 • P(0) = = = –1
Clave C
a a+4 0–1 –1
4 Q(x) = xa ya+4 = x · y2 2
P(2) + P(4) 5 + 3
Reemplazando: = = –8
a P(0) –1
 =3 a=6
11 10bx2b + 3x2 + ax4–a 2
Clave B
• 2b = 2 •4–a=2
b = 1 a=2 5 G.R.(x) = 7  2m + 3n = 7 m = 2
G.A.(m) = 10  m + 8n = 10 n = 1 3 T.I. = P(0) = (0 + 3)2 + (0 – 1)2 = 32 + (–1)2 = 10
• 10x2 + 3x2 + 2x2 = 15x2
Clave B  4mn = 4(2)1 = 4(2) = 8 Clave C

2 3
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

3. (V) P(x – 1) = 2(x – 1) + 3 = 2x – 2 + 3

4 • P(2) = a(2)2 + 3(2) – 1 = 17
 4a + 6 – 1 = 17  a = 3
• P(a) = P(3) =
5 P(x,y) = xm+3ym–2
P(x – 1) = 2x + 1
• GR(x) = 9 = m + 3  m = 6
P(x – 1) = 
2x + 1 + 2 – 2 = P(x) – 2
3(3)2 + 3(3) – 1 = 35 P(x)
• GA(P) = m + 3 + m – 2 = 13
Clave C
Clave B Clave E

5 P(x) = (2 – x)2 + (1 – x)3

6 Q(x) = 5xn – 3x9 – 6x + 7

P(x + 1) = [2 – (x + 1)]2 + [1 – (x + 1)]3 TAREA 1. GA(Q) = 12 (F)

2. Q(0) = 7 término independiente (F)
P(x + 1) = [1 – x]2 + [–x]3
\ T.I. para x = 0: P(1) = 12 + 03 = 1 1 1) (V) P(3) = 3(3) + 5 = 14 3. Q(1) = 5 – 3 – 6 + 7 = 3 (V)
P(3) < P(4)
P(4) = 3(4) + 5 = 17 4. mayor coeficiente 7 (V)
Clave D
2) (F) P(–5) = 3(–5) + 5 = –10 \ 3 y 4.
P(–5) < P(–4) Clave C
6 1. (V) T.I. P(x) = P(0) = 32 = 9 P(–4) = 3(–4) + 5 = –7
2. (V) 2
3) (V) P(–3) = 3(–3) + 5 = –4 7 M(x,y) = 4xn+2yn +1

T.I. Q(x) = Q(0) = 03 + 2(3)2 – 3(0) + 1 = 19 P(–3) < P(–2) GR(y) = n2 + 1 = 10

P(–2) = 3(–2) + 5 = –1
3. (V) n=3
coef. R(x) = R(1) = (1)4 + (0)3 + (2)2 = 5
2 T.I. = P(0) = 05 + (–2)4 + 23 = 16 + 8 = 24 GR(x) = n + 2 = 5
Clave B
Clave B

3 ∑coef P(1) = (1 – 1)3 + (2 – 1)2 = 0 + 1 2 = 1

8 • 2x – {– (2x – 3y) + (x – y) – 6x}
7 1. (V) T.I. P(x) = P(0) = (2)2 + (–1)2 = 5 • 2x – {–2x + 3y + x – y – 6x}
T.I. Q(x) = Q(0) = (–1)3 + (1)2 = 0 4 Analizando los grados:
2x – {–7x + 2y}  9x – 2y
 T.I. P(x) > T.I. Q(x) 1) 3 = 3 Clave A
2. (V) coef. P(1) = (1 + 2)2 + (1 – 1)2 = 9 2) 4 < 5
coef. P(1) = (1 – 1)3 + (1 + 1)2 = 4 3) 3 < 2,3 9 P(x,y) = 3x4y2 – 7x2y6 + 9x5y4
 coef. P(x) > coef. Q(x) \ =, <, < 1. GR(x) + 1 = GR(y) (C)
3. (F) P(2) = 42 + 12 = 5 5+1=6


P(2)  Q(2)
Q(2) = 13 + 32 = 10 6 = 6
REFORZANDO 2. GA(P) = 9 (C)
Clave A
1 P(x;y;z) = 4z3y4x4 3. ∑ coef = P(1,1) = 3 – 7 + 9 = 5 ( I )

8 • [P(x)]° = 4  [(P(x))4]° = 4 · 4 = 16 GA(P) = 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 Clave A

Clave B
• [Q(x)]° = 5  [(Q(x))3]° = 5 · 3 = 15
 [[P(x)]4 + [Q(x)]3]° = 16
10 • P(x) = mx – 3m + a
2 P(x;y;z) = 3x4y5z6 • P(3) = 5
• [R(x)]° = 3  [(R(x))2]° = 3 · 2 = 6
M = GR(x) + GR(y) – GR(z) • P(3) = a = 5
° 1 a = 5
\ = (16 – 6) = 5 = 4 + 5 – 6 = 3  M = 3 Clave E
2 Clave E
Clave A
11 P(x,y) = 5abxm+3y2m+1zm+3
3 6 2
P(x;y) = 3x y + 2x y – 6x y5 3 4 2
GA(P) = m + 3 + 2m + 1
9 x2nyn – 5 + 
x2y3 + 
P(x; y) =  xn + 4yn + 1
t1
t2 t3
t1 t2 t3 = 3m + 4
GA: Clave A
• [t1]° = 2 + 3 = 5 t1 = 6 + 2 = 8
• [t2]° = 2n + n – 5 = 3n – 5


t2 = 5 + 3 = 8 12 M(x,y) = (n2 – 1)x2n–3y3n+2

• [t3]° = n + 4 + n + 1 = 2n + 5 t3 = 4 + 2 = 6 • GR(x) = 7 = 2n – 3
3n – 5 = 19  n = 8 o 2n + 5 = 19  n = 7 \ GA(P) = 8 n = 5
Si n = 8  [t2]° = 19 y [t3]° = 2(8) + 5 = 21 Clave D
• GR(y) + suma de coeficientes (M)
Si n = 7  [t2]° = 3(7) – 5 = 16 y [t3]° = 19 17 + M(1,1)
\n=7 4 Q(x) = 20x2 + ax3a–1 + x5 grado 8
17 + 24(1)(1)
Clave C • 3a – 1 = 8
41
a = 3 Clave E
10 1. (V) P(3) = 2(3) + 3 = 9 ∑coef = Q(1) = 2(3)(1) + 3(1) + (1)
2 8 5


9 = –3 + 12
P(–3) = 2(–3) + 3 = –3 =6+3+1 13 M(x,y,z) = 2mnxmy2n–2
2. (V) P(x + 1) = 2(x + 1) + 3 = 2x + 2 + 3 ∑coef = 10 • GR(y) = 2n – 2 = 16
P(x + 1) = 2x + 5 Clave C n = 9

4 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

• GA(M) = m + 2n – 2 = 20  P(x) = 3x3 – 2x2 + x – 3

6 Q(x) = (a – 1)x7 + (3b + 6)x5 – (2a – 2)x3
m = 4  P(a + b) = P(2) = 3 · 23 – 2 · 22 + 2 – 3
a–1=0 3b + 6 = 0
 m ⋅ n = 9 · 4 = 36 a=1 b = –2 = 24 – 8 + 2 – 3 = 15
Clave D
 a · b = (1)(–2) = –2
Clave A

14 P(x) = x + 1 Q(x) = x + 3a
7 1. (V) 2. (V)
P(x) ⋅ Q(x) = (x + 1) (x + 3a) 7 Q(x) = ax3 + bxb–1 + 6xa – 5
3. (F) Puede ser de cualquier grado.
b=3 a=1
H(x) = (x + 1) (x + 3a)
Clave D
Q(1) = a + b + 6 – 5 = 5
∑coef. = H(1) = (2)(1 + 3a) = 14
a=2
8 P(x)  Q(x)  b = 7  a + 2 = –(b + 1)
Q(3) = 3 + 3 (2) 8 • b = 5 • a – 2 = –3  a = –1
7
 Q(3) = 9 a · b = (5)(–1) = –5  a = –10  P(x)  Q(x) = –8x3 + 7x2
Clave B
1. (V) P(1) = –8 + 7 = –1


P(1) > P(2)
9 a>1 ∧ a<8 ∧ a<4 P(2) = –8(2)3 + 7(2)2 = –36
n+3
15 P(x) = 6xn – 2 xn+7 + x 5 Si: a = 2  P(x) = 12x6 + x – 2x2 + 3 (no)
2. (V) Q(–1) = –8(–1)3 + 7(–1)2 = 15
n+7 n+3 Si: a = 3  P(x) = 12x5 + x2 – 3x1 + 3 (ordenado)
 P(2) < Q(–1)
= 6n – 2x 2 + x 5 a=3
3. (V) P(–2) = –8(–2)3 + 7(–2)2 = 92


n+7 n+3 P(–2) > Q(0)
n1 y ∈Z 24 n Q(0) = –8(0)3 + 7(0)2 = 0
2 5
10 P(x) = x n 6
– 2x + 2xm–3
nmín: Clave E
n+7
 24 = n  n2 = 144  n = 12
= k  n impar 1; 3 ; 5; 7 n 6
2
n+3 n
 =m–32=m–3m=5
9 1. (V) Para n = 3:
= R  n impar 1; 3 ; 5; 7 6 3x2y5 + 2x3y4 – 5x3y4
P(x; y) = 
5
 m + n = 5 + 12 = 17 Homogéneo
Clave E
2. (F) Para n = 2:
P(x; y) = 3x 2y4 + 2x2y3 – 5x3y4
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO  
Gdo: 6

Gdo: 5 Gdo: 7
ACTIVIDADES CAP 04 3. (F) Para n = 4:
1 1. (V) 2. (V)
POLINOMIOS ESPECIALES P(x; y) = 3x 2y6 + 2x4y5 + 5x3y5
  
3. (F) Es ordenado pero no completo.
Gdo: 8 Gdo: 9 Gdo: 7
Clave D Clave A
1 ax2 + (a + b)x = 5x2 + 9x
a=5 ∧ a+b=9
b=4 10 1. (F) P(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 – x + (x2 + x – 3)
2 Faltan los términos de grados 1 y 2,
 a · b = (5)(4) = 20 entonces n = 1. P(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 + x2 – 3
Clave A No es completo. Falta término lineal.

2 a–1
P(x; y) = x y + 4x y 2 2. (V) P(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 – x + 2x2 – x + 1
a 3 a=3 3 •a–3=0  a=3 P(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 + 2x2 – 2x + 1
• b + 1 = 0  b = –1 3. (V) P(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 – x + x + x2 + 2x + 3
• c + 2 = 0  c = –2 P(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 + x2 + 2x + 3
3
P(x) = 9x3 + 15x2n–4 + (n + 2)x + 1
3 2 1 0 a + b + c = 0 Clave D
Clave A
 2n – 4 = 2  n = 3

4 • m = 5 • m – n = m + 2  n = –2 TAREA
4 P(x; y) = xa+3y2 + 5xb–5y + 6x8yc+4 + x10y9 \m+n=5–2=3
1 1. (V) Están todos los términos desde el
a+5 b–4 c + 12 19 Clave C grado 0 hasta el 4°.
• a + 5 = 19  a = 14 2. (F) No es ordenado.
• b – 4 = 19  b = 23 3. (F) Es de 4° grado.
5 1. (V) Para n = 1: P(x) = x2 + 3x3 + x4
• c + 12 = 19  c = 7
2. (F) Para n = 2: P(x) = x4 + 3x4 + x4
2 (2a – 1)x3 + 7x2 ≡ 3x3 – (2b + 1)x2
 a + b + c = 44 6 5 4
3. (V) Para n = 3: P(x) = x + 3x + x • 2a – 1 = 3  a = 2
Clave D • 7 = – (2b + 1)  7 = –2b – 1  b = –4
5
P(x) = 8xa – 3x2b + x + 5a
3 2 2b = 2  P(x) = 3x3 + 7x2

a=3 b=1 6 P(x) completo y ordenado: 1) (V) P(a) = P(2) = 3(2)3 + 7(2)2 = 52 > 50

 P(a – 2b) = P(1) = 8 – 3 + 1 + 5(3) = 21 • 2b = 2  b = 1 •a+2=3  a=1 2) (V) P(b) = P(–4) = 3(–4)3 + 7(–4)2 = –80 < 1

2 5
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

Reemplazando estos valores en el polino- 2 3 5

3 n – 3 + 2n = 2n + 1  n = 4
mio 15 P(x) = n2 + 2x 1 + x n + ax b + bx 4 + nx a +3
P(x;y) = 5x11y4 – x10y5 + x4y11
Completo y ordenado  n = 2, b = 3, a = 2
4 •a–3=0 a=3
GA = 15 = 15 = 15 Luego el polinomio será:
• b + 2 = 0  b = –2
\ GA(P) + ab = 5 P(x) = 4 + 2x + x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 + 2x5
•a+b–c=0 3–2 –c=0 c=1 Clave A
Si x = 0 → P(0) = 4
\a+b+c=3–2+1=2
Si x = 1 → P(1) = 14
10 P(x) = 2x a–5 + ax 6–a + ax a+3
\ P(0) + P(1) = 18
REFORZANDO El polinomio P(x) está ordenado en forma Clave D
ascendente  GA = a + 3

Dato: 8 = a + 3  a = 5
1 2x 3 + 8x a ≡ c 2x b + 8x 4
Luego el polinomio será:
b=3 y a=4
P(x) = 2x0 + 5x1 + 5x8; si x ≠ 0
ACTIVIDADES CAP 05
\a+b=7
Clave D MULTIPLICACIÓN DE POLINOMIOS
Si x = 1 → P(1) = 12
Si x = 0 → P(0) = 2; si x ≠ 0
2
P(x) = 8x a+1 – 5x 4 2 2
\ P(1) + P(0) = 14 1 a + 2a + 1 – (a – 2a + 1) = 4a = 4
a+1 = 4 a a
Clave A
\a=3
Clave C
a 2
(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab = 25 + 24 = 49
11 (aa – 2)x5 + (bb – 3)x3 + (p – 7) ≡ 14x5+24x3+10
25 12
3
2–15
P(x) = x a+9 + ax3a–7 + axa + xa+b–5

Dato: grado = 13  a + 9 = 13 \ a =4 a
aa – 2 = 14 bb – 3 = 24
p – 7 = 10 3
A = ( a + b )2 – ( a – b )2 = 9 + b – (a – b)
Clave B aa
a
22
2
bb 33 p = 17 =a+b–a+b
= 16 = = 27 =
a = 2 b = 3 = 2b

4 P(x) = 2x a+8 + 3x15–a + ax a+2 \ a + b + p = 22

Se observa que el polinomio P(x) está or- Clave B 4 x4 + b = (x + 1)(x – 1)(x2 + 1)

denado en forma descendente, además se (x2 – 1)(x2 + 1)

sabe que GA = 13
a + 8 = 13  a = 5 12 P(x;y) = axa+3 – abxa–1yb+2 + 2byb+8 x4 – 1
Homogéneo: a+3 = a+b+1 = b+8  b = –1
 ∑coef de P(x) = 2 + 3 + a 10
Clave D
b = 2 a=7  (2 + b)2 = (2 + –1)2 = (1)2 = 1
Reemplazando estos valores en el polino-
mio:
5 P(x;y) = 3xa–1y – y4 + x3y
P(x;y) = 7x10 – 14x6y4 + 4y10
5 R = [a + b + c + a – b – c][a + b + c – a + b + c]
a–1+1= 4 = 4 (homogéneo) R = (2a)(2b + 2c)
\ ∑ coef. de P(x;y) = 7 + (–14) + 4 = –3
\a=4 R = 4a(b + c)
Clave A Clave A
2
1 2 3  2 1  =(
6 \a=5 ∧ b=3a+b=8 6

a + 2
a 
2 + 2 + 2)
2
13 P(x) = n + bx n–1
+ nx b+1
+ ax a
Clave C 2
Completo y ordenado  4 1  = ( 2 + 2)2
a + 4
3 2 1  n – 1 = 1 , b + 1 = 2 , a = 3  a 
7 f(x) = x a + x b+5 + x c–4 + 59
n = 2 b=1 1
a = 3; b + 5 = 2; c–4=1 a8 + = 2
Luego el polinomio será: a8
b = –3 c=5
P(x) = 2 + x + 2x2 + 3x3
\ a + b – c = –5
Clave A Si x = 1 → P(1) = 8 7 B = (102 – 1)(102 + 1)(104 + 1) – 108 + 2

Si x = 0 → P(0) = 2 (104 – 1)
(108 – 1)
8 Se observa que está ordenado en forma \ P(1) + P(0) = 10
ascendente. Luego el exponente de 2a – 4 Clave B B= 1 =1
es dos ósea:
2a – 4 = 2 14 Por ser homogéneo:

2a = 6

a + b = 2n + n – 1 = n + n + 5 8 (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ac)
a + b = 3n – 1 = 2n + 5 50 15 20 12
\a=3
Clave B n=6 = 50 + 94
Luego:
= 144  a + b + c = 12
9 P(x;y) = 5x3a+2by4 – x2ayb+7 + xa–1ya–3b a + b = 3(6) – 1 → a + b = 17
Homogéneo: 3a+2b+4 = 2a+b+7 = 2a–3b–1 Se pide: a + b + n = 17 + 6 = 23
P = 4  e  e–  = 1
x x
Clave D 9

a = 5 b = –2  2  2 

6 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

(e2x + 2ex e–x + e–2x) (e2x – 2ex e–x + e–2x)

10 E = (a + b)2 + 2(a + b)c + c2 – (a + b)2 – c2 10 P= – 6 A = (x + y + 1)2 – (x + y – 1)2
2 2
A = (x + y + 1 + x + y – 1)(x + y + 1 – x – y + 1)
E = 2(a + b)c 4ex e–x
P=  P=2 A = 2(x + y)(2)
E = 2(4c–1)c 2 Clave E
E=8 A = 4(x + y)
Clave B

CUADERNO DE TRABAJO TAREA

7 • (x + 3)2 + (x + 1)2 – (x + 1)2 – (x – 3)2

1 •a+b=3 • ab = 2 • (x + 1)2 – (x – 1)2 + (x + 3)2 – (x – 3)2

1 (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab  (a + b)2 = 5 + 2(2)
(a + b)2 = 9  a + b = 3 (a + b)2 = 32 4(x)(1) 4(x)(3)
Clave C a2 + 2ab + b2 = 9
\ 16x
Clave E
a + b = 9 – 2(2)  a + b = 5
2 2 2 2

2 a) m2 + m – 6  (1)
(a + 1)2 + (a – 1)2 – 2
b) m2 + 5m + 6  (3) 2 • x + y = 2  x2 + 2xy + y2 = 4 8 k=
a2
,a≠0

c) m2 + 3m – 4  (2) L = 3x
2+2xy+y2
(a + 1)2 – 12 + (a – 1)2 – 12 2a2
Clave C k= = 2
L = 34 a2 a
k=2
3 (3x + 4)2 – (3x – 4)2 L = 32 = 9
Clave A
(3x + 4 + 3x – 4)(3x + 4 – 3x + 4)
3 L = (3 + 1)(3 – 1)(32 + 1)(34 + 1) + 1
(6x)(8)  48x
Clave A 9 • m + n = 7 ∧ m⋅n = 1
(32 – 1) (32 + 1)(34 + 1) + 1 • m2 + n2 = 7 – 2mn

(34 – 1) (34 + 1) + 1 • (m2 + n2)2 = 52
4 N = (3 – a)(3 + a)(9 + a2) + a4
• m4 + n4 + 2m2n2 = 25
N = (9 – a2)(9 + a2) + a4  N = 92 – a4 + a4 38 – 1 + 1
m4 + n4 = 25 – 2

N = 81

L = 38
Clave E \ m4 + n4 = 23
L = 34 = 81 Clave B

5 R = (a + b + c)2 – (a + b – c)2 4 4
(a + 2)(a + 8) – (a + 5)2 + 10
10 R = ( 3 + 1)2 + (2 + 5)(2 – 5) + ( 3 – 1)2
R = (a + b + c + a + b – c)(a + b + c – a – b + c) 4 2
a + 10a + 16 – a2 – 10a – 25 + 10 R = ( 3 + 1)2 + ( 3 – 1)2 + 22 – ( 5)2
R = 2(a + b)2c  R = 4c(a + b)
4
1 1 R=4+2 3 +4–2 3 +4–5
Clave D
R=7
Clave C
6 (x + y)2 = x2 + y2  x2 + y2 + 2xy = x2 + y2 REFORZANDO
(a + 3)2 + (a – 3)2 + 2a2 – 18
2xy = 0  x = 0  y = 0
1 a) x2 + 4x + 4 → (2) 11 K=
(a + 2)(a – 2) + 4
1. x = 0, y = 1 b) x2 + 6x + 9 → (3) a2 + 6a + 9 + a2 – 6a + 9 + 2a2 – 18
K=
2. x = 2, y = 3 c) x2 + 8x + 16 → (1) a2 – 4 + 4
Clave B
3. x = par, y = impar 4a2
Clave A K= K=4
a2 Clave C
2 a) x2 – 8x + 16 → (3)
b) x2 – 12x + 36 → (2)
7 1. (V) x2 + y2 + 2xy = x2 + 2xy + y2
c) x2 – 6x + 9 → (1) 12 (a – (b + c))2 = 32
2. (V) (x + y)(x – y) = x2 – y2 Clave D
a2 – 2a(b + c) + (b + c)2 = 9
x2 – y2 = x2 – y2 a2 + b2 + c2 + 2bc – 2a(b + c) = 9
3 M(x) = (x + 2)2 + (x – 1)2
3. (F) x2 – y2 = (x – y)2 a2 + b2 + c2 + 2a(b + c) – 2a(b + c) = 9
∑coef. M = M(1) = (1 + 2)2 + (1 – 1)2
x2 – y2 = x2 – 2xy + y2 a2 + b2 + c2 = 9
M(1) = 9
Clave B Clave E Clave A

8 a + b = 7  ab = 10 4 • a + b = 12 • ab = 5
13 •
1 1
+ =
4
a b a+b
(a + b)2 = 72  a2 + b2 + 2(a)(b) a2 + b2
= 122 – 2(5) = 134
 = 49 (a + b)2
10 E= a2 + b2 – 34 • =4
2 2
a + b = 29 ab
Clave A E = 134 – 34  E = 10
Clave E • a2 + b2 = 2ab

9 A = x2 + 2x – 5  A = x2 + 2x + 1 – 1 – 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 • a2 – 2ab + b2 = 0
5 = x + y + z + 2xy + 2xz + 2yz + x – y – z
xy + xz + yz • (a – b)2 = 0  a = b
A = (x + 1)2 – 6  A = ( 5 – 1 + 1)2 – 6
(xy + xz + yz) R = 9a6 + 5 + 4a6 – 13a6  R = 5
A = –1 =2 =2
xy + xz + yz Clave C Clave E
Clave B

2 7
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

1
14 • a + b + c = 13
x3 +
x3
= 18 4 (a + b)3 = 33  a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b) = 27
 
• ab = 20 3 3
1 1
P =x + + x3 + 3 = 3 + 18 = 21
bc = 12 x x a3 + b3 = 27 – 27  a3 + b3 = 0
ac = 24
Clave A
ab + ac + bc = 56
6 (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
E = a2 + b2 + c2 = ? 4 3 4 (a + b)3 + (a – b)3
(a + b + c)2 = 132 5 H=
64 = a + b + 36  a + b = 28
3 3 3 3 a(a2 + 3b2)
a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ac) = 169
a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 + a3 – 3a2b + 3ab2 – b3
a2 + b2 + c2 = 169 – 2(56) H=
3 a(a2 + 3b)2
E = a2 + b2 + c2 = 57 7  x + 1  = (7)3
Clave D  x 
2(a3 + 3ab2)
H= =2
1
x + 3 + 3x 1  x + 1  = 343
3 a3 + 3ab2
a 4 b 4 x  x  x  Clave E
15 •   + 2 +   = 34 + 2
b a 7
a 2 b 2 2 1
•    +    = 62
x3 + = 322

 b  a  x3 6 1. (F) (x + y)(x2 – 2xy + y2) = x3 + y3
x6 + 1 1 x3 – x2y – xy2 + y3  x3 + y3
a 2 a b b 2
 = x3 + 3 = 322
•   – 2   +   = 6 – 2 x3 x
b  b  a   a  2. (V) (x – 1)(x2 + x + 1) = x3 – 1
2 x3 + x2 + x – x2 – x – 1 = x3 – 1
•  a  –  b  = 2 a2 + b2 2ab
 b   a  8 (a + b)2 =
24
+
6 3. (F) (a + b)(a2 – ab + b2) = a3 – a3
a b (a + b)2 = 36  a + b = 6 a3 – a2b + ab2 + a2b – ab2 + b3
• – = ±2
b a Clave A  a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 – ab + b2) a3 + b3  a3 – b3
= (6)(24 – 6) Clave E
= 108
ACTIVIDADES CAP 06 7 (x + y)[x2 + 2xy + y2 – 3xy]
9 (x – y)2 = (3)2 = (x + y)(x2 – xy + y2) = x3 + y3 = 15
PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
x2 + y2 – 2xy = 9  xy = 1 ∧ x + y = 13 Clave A
1 x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 – (x3 – 3x + 3x – 1) 11
x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 – x3 + 3x2 – 3x + 1 = 6x2 + 2  (x2 – y2)(x4 + x2y2 + y4) = (x2)3 – (y2)3
= x6 – y6
8 • (x + y)2 = 72  x2 + 2xy 2
 + y = 49
9
2
(x + y)3 = x3 + y3 + 3xy(x + y)
 x6 – y6 = (x3 + y3)(x3 – y3)  x2 + y2 = 49 – 18  x2 + y2 = 31
28 12 = (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2)(x – y)(x2 + xy + y2) + y)(x2 – 
xy + y2) = x3 + y3
• (x

(x + y)3 = 28 + 3(12) = 13(11 – 1)(3)(11 + 1) 7 9
(x + y)3 = 64  x + y = 4 = 360 13 31
 7 · 22 = x3 + y3  x3 + y3 = 154
3 (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab Clave D
10 E = 6 (a2 + ab + b2)(a2 + b2)(a – b) + b2
(7)2 = a2 + b2 + 2(2)  a2 + b2 = 45
(a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b) 6 3 3 3 3 6
E = (a – b )(a + b ) + b 1 1
(7)3 = a3 + b3 + 3(2)(7)  a3 + b3 = 301
9 • ab = 1  b = •a+b=3  a+ =3
a a
6 6 6 6
 a2 + a3 + b2 + b3 = 45 + 301 = 346 E= a –b +b
 1 3  1 1
 a+ = 33  a3 + 3 a + + = 27
E = a  E = 2014  a  a  a3
3
3
4  n + 1  = ( 3 )3  a3 +
1
= 18
 n a3
1
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO Clave B
n3 + + 3n 1  n + 1  = 3 3
n3  n  n
1 (x + 5)3  x3 + 3x2(5) + 3x(52) + 53
3
10 • (x
  + y  x + y = 56
+ y)2 = x2 + 2xy 2 2 2
 x3 + 15x2 + 75x + 125
Clave B 100 22
1 1
n3 + + 3 3 = 3 3  n3 + 3 = 0
n3 n
• (x
+ y)3 = x3 + 3xy
(x
+ y) + y3
2 (2x + 3)  8x + 3(4x )(3) + 3(2x)(3 ) + 3
3 3 2 2 3 1000 22 10
1 1
5 x2 – 3x + 1 = 0  x – 3 +
x
=0x+ =3
x  8x + 36x + 54x + 27
3 2
 x3 + y3 = 340
3 Clave E
 1  = (3)3 • (x – y)2(x + y)(x2 – xy + y2) = (x – y)2(x3 + y3)
x+
 x 
3 A = (x – 1)3 – x3 + 1 2 + y2 – 2xy)(x3 + y3) = 4080
= (x  
1
x3 + + 3x 1  x + 1  = 27 3 2
A = x – 3x + 3x – 1 – x + 1 = 3x(1 – x) 3 56 22 340
x3  x  x 
3 Clave D Clave E

8 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

1 2
TAREA
x3 +
1
3x  x +
1   1 3
+ = 27 14
1
•  a +  = ( 3 )2  a2 + 2 + 2 = 3
 x  x x  a a

1 3 1
1 • p2 + 9p + 18 – (p2 + 9p + 20)  a2 + =1
a2
1
 – 2 x3 + 3 = 18
1 1 1
x •  a +  a2 – 1 + 2  = a3 + 3
 a  a  a
P = x2 + x–2 + x3 + x–3
2 • (x + 2)(x + 7) – (x + 3)(x – 3) – 23 1 1
3(1 – 1) = a3 +  a3 + 3 = 0
x2 + 9x + 14 – x2 + 9 – 23
P = 7 + 18  P = 5 a3 a
Clave B
 9x
Clave C

(a + b)3 – (a – b)3
3 1) (x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 4) = x3 + 8 7 • 1 x 1 1
a+b–a+b 15 •  x +  x2 – + 2  = x3 + 3
 y  y y  y
2) (x – 3)(x2 + 6x + 9) = x3 – 27
a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 – a3 + 3a2b – 3ab2 + b3
• 1 x2y2 – xy + 1 
2
3) (2x – 3)(4x + 6x + 9) = 8x – 27 3 2b •  x +  = x3 + y–3
 y  y2 
6a2b + 2b3
• = 3a2 + b2 x 1
4
(x + y)(x2 – xy – y2) = x3 + y3
2b
Clave C •  2 + 3 (x2y2 – xy + 1) = x3 + y–3
y y 
3 13 13
6
 x3 + y3 = 3⋅13 = 39
3 3 3 3
9 + 3 + 3 9 3 ( 9 + 3 ) – 12  x3 + y–3 = 6⋅14 = 84
8 M=
3 Clave E
9 +33

REFORZANDO 3 3 3
3 9⋅3 ( 9 + 3 )
M= =9
ACTIVIDADES CAP 07
3 3
( 9+ 3) Clave C
1 • (x – 2)3 = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
x3 – 3x2(2) + 3x(22) – 8
DIVISIÓN DE POLINOMIOS
a = 1; b = –6; c = 12; d = –8
9 (x – y) [(x2 + 2xy + y2) – xy]
1 ÷ 12x7y10z4 –28x8y6z2 50x6y5z10
a+b+c 7 (x – y) (x2 + xy + y2) = x3 – y3 = 13
\ = = –1 25 2 3 7
a+d –7 Clave B 4x4y2z3 3x3y8z –7x4y4z xyz
Clave D 2
–2x6y3z4 –6xy7 14x2y3z–2 –25z6
2 (x – y)3 = 33 (x – y)(x + y)(x2
– xy + y2) (x – y)(x3 + y3) x7y5 12y5z4 –28xyz2 50x–1z10
10 x3 + y3
=
x3 + y3
x3 – 3xy (x – y) – y3 = 27
\x–y 15x6y2 6x4y5 3x4y3
x3 – y3 = 27 + 3xy(x – y)
Clave B 2
3x2y
–
3x2y
+ 2
3x y

2 3
5x4y – 2x2y4 + x2y2
\ x3 – y3 = 45
Clave A  1 3 1
11 x +  = (4)3 E = x3 + 5–2+1=4
 x x3

1 1 1
a3 – b3 – 3ab(a – b) + b3 + 3ab(a – b) x3 + 3x  x +  + 3 = 64 3 a) 20x2 + 19x + 6 4x + 3
3 G=
a3 x x x
–20x2 – 15x 5x + 1
a3 1 4 4x + 6
\ =1 –4x – 3
a3 1
Clave D E = x3 + = 52 3
x3 Clave B
b) 6x4 + 4x3 – 18x2 + 0x – 4 2x2 + 0x – 4
4 1. (F) (x + 2) (x2 – 2x + 4) = x3 + 8
–6x4 – 0x3 + 12x2 3x2 + 2x – 3
2. (F) (x – 3) (x2 + 3x + 9) = x3 – 27 12 a3 = (2 + 3 ) + (2 – 3 ) + 3(1)(a)
4x3 – 6x2 + 0x
3
a = 4 + 3a –4x3 – 0x2 + 8x
3. (F) (x + 1) (x2 – x + 1) = x3 + 1
a3 – 3a = 4 –6x2 + 8x – 4
Clave C +6x2 + 0x – 12
 a3 – 3a + 1= 5
Clave B 8x – 16

5 a) (x – 2) (x2 + 2x + 4) = x3 – 8 ← 2
2
b) (x + 2) (x2 – 2x + 4) = x3 + 8 ← 3 x 1 4
13 x2 + 1 = 4x  x +
x
= 4 3x3 + 2 x2 – 4x + 8 1 x – 2
c) (x + 3) (x2 – 3x + 9) = x3 + 27 ← 1 – 3 x3 + 6x2 3 x2 + 8x + 12
1 1
x+ = 4  x2 + 2 = 14 ................. (1) 8x2 – 4 x
Clave E x x
1 – 8 x2 + 16x
 x3 +
= 52 ................. (2)
1 2 x3 12x + 8
6 •  x +  = 32
 x 1 1 – 12 x + 24
(1) por (2): x5 + x + + 5 = 728
1 x x 32
2
x + =7
x2 4
1
1 3 \ x5 + 5 = 724
•  x +  = 33 x Clave B 5 a) (F) b) (V) c) (V)
 x

2 9
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

3 2
6 7 2
2 2 x3 – 4x2 + 6x – 8 x – 2
6 50x4 y6 z2 = 10x2y1 = axbyc Multiplicando y reduciendo:
x – 2x x2 – 2x + 2
5x y z
12(x8y7z3)(x4y3z2) 12x12y10z5 – 2x2 + 6x
a = 10 ; b = 2 ; c = 1 P= = = 2x2y – 2x2 + 4x
6x10y9z5 6x10y9z5
2x – 8
 a + b + c = 10 + 2 + 1 = 13 Clave C 2x – 4
–4

3 Grado de cociente = 5 – 2 = 3 \ x2 – 2x + 2 + –4
7 9x4 + 6x3 + 19x2 – 12x – 4 –3x2 + 8x + 1
x2 – 2x – 2
–9x4 + 24x3 + 3x2 –3x2 – 10x – 34 Clave D
3 2
30x + 22x – 12x 0
A
– 30x3 + 80x2 + 10x 3 · C = ([A]0–[B]0) + [C]0 = (6 – 6) + 2 = 2
102x2 – 2x – 4 4 x– 3=0  x= 3 B
–102x2 + 272x + 34 r = 2( 3)3 – 6( 3)2 + 3 – 3
270x + 30 r = 2(3 3) – 6(3)  r = 6 3 – 18 4 x + a = 0 → x = –a
r = 1
Clave B (–a)3 – 3(–a)2 + (–a) – 2 = 1
8 1) 6x3 + 11x2 – 6x – 5 2x + 1
–a3 – 3a2 – a – 2 – 1 = 0
–6x3 – 3x2 3x2 + 4x – 5
3 5 m(2x) –a3 – 3a2 – a – 3 = 0
8x2 – 6x 5 D(x) = (2x)3 – (2x)2 + –1
–8x2 – 4x 4 4 2 a3 + 3a2 + a + 3 = 0
–10x – 5 2x + 1 = 0  2x = –1 a = –3
10x + 5 3 5 m
0 R(x) = (–1)3 – (–1)2 – – 1 = 0
4 4 2
3 5 m REFORZANDO
2) x4 + 0x3 – x2 + x – 2 x – 1 R(x) = – – – 1 =  m = –6
4 4 2 24x4y2
–x4 + x3 x 3 + x2 + 1 Clave C 1
4x2y2
= mxn  6x2 = mxn
x3 – x2
m=6 ∧ n=2
–x3 + x2
0
x–2 P(x)
6 = [P(x)]° – [Q(x)]° = 10 – 5 = 5
n
\ m+n+1 = 6+2+1 =3
–x + 1 Q(x)
Clave C
–1 Clave D
 1 es exacta
18x3 + 12x2 18x3 12x2
2
3x
=
3x
+
3x
7 2x3– 3x2
– 13x – 3 2x + 3
9 2x4 + 5x3 + 3x2 + ax – b x + 2 –2x3 – 3x2 x2 – 3x – 2 = Q(x)
= 6x2 + 4x
–2x4 – 4x3 2x3 + x2 + x + (a – 2) –6x2 – 13x – 3 \ El producto de coeficiente es: 6 ⋅ 4 = 24
x3 + 3x2 +6x2 + 9x
–x3 + 2x2 –4x – 3 Clave C
x2 + ax 4x + 6
3 x4 – 81
–x2 – 2x Clave C 3
(a – 2)x – b x–3
–(a – 2)x – 2(a – 2) x4 + 0x3 + 0x2 + 0x – 81 x – 3
8 Grado de [P(x)]2 = 5 · 2 = 10 Grado de nu- – x4 + 3x3 x3+3x2+9x+27


–b – 2a + 4 = 0
Grado de [Q(x)]2 = 3 · 3 = 9 merador: 10 + 3x3 + 0x2
 –b – 2a + 4 = 0  2a + b = 4 – 3x3 + 9x2
Grado del denominador: 5 + 9x2 + 0x
\ Grado del cociente: 10 – 5 = 5 – 9x2 + 27x
27x – 81
10 6x4 + 5x3 – 7x2– bx + a 2x2+ 3x + 1 Clave B – 27x +81
–6x4 – 9x3 – 3x2 3x2 – 2x – 2 0
–4x3 – 10x2 – bx Q(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 9x + 27
4x3 + 6x2 + 2x 9 6x3 + 17x2 – 8x + 5 x2 + 3x – 1
–6x3 – 18x2 + 6x 6x – 1 Q(1) = (1)3 + 3(1)2 + 9(1) + 27 = 40
–4x2 + (2 – b)x + a
4x2 + 6x + 2 –x2 – 2x + 5 Clave B
(8 – b)x + (a + 2) x2 + 3x – 1
x + 4 = R(x)
0 0 Clave D 4 x2 + (m+2)x + (m+1) x + 1
– x2 – x x + (m+1)
8–b=0 b=8 (m+1)x + (m+1)
 a + 2 = 0  a = –2 10 5 · 7 > 4 · 8 – (m+1)x – (m+1)
 [Numerador]° = 35
0
 a · b = (8)(–2) = –16 3 · 6 > 2 · 7  [Denominador]° = 18 \r=0
Clave A
\ [Cociente]° = 35 – 18 = 17
Clave E
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO 5 a) Q(x) = 7 – 2 = 5 (V)
b) (3x3 + 2x – 1) ÷ (x – 1) → r(x) = 4 ≠ 3 (F)
1 Dividiendo:
TAREA c) D(x) = Q(x) ⋅ d(x) + r(x) (F)
8x4y4 x3y3 2x2y2
+ – = 8x2y2 + xy – 2 = (4) + (2)
x2y2 x2y2 x2y2 30x6 36x5 42x4 24x3
1 R=
6x3
+
6x3
–
6x3
–
6x3 =6≠8
Coeficientes: 8 + 1 – 2 = 7
\ Sólo 1
Clave D Clave B
R = 5x3 + 6x2 – 7x – 4

10 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

6 (–x8 + 2x6 + x) ÷ (x + 1) 13 5x5 + 4x4 – 10x3 + 19x2 – 12x+10 5x2 – 6x + 2 4 x–1=0 x=1
– 5x5 + 6x4 – 2x3 x3 + 2x2 + 3
x + 1 = 0 → x = –1 10x4 – 12x3 + 19x2 1 –3 3 –1
– 10x4 + 12x3 – 4x2 x=1 1 –2 1
r(x) =
–(–1)8 + 2(–1)6 + (–1)
15x2 – 12x+10 1 –2 1 0 Exacta
= –1 + 2 + –1 = 0 – 15x2 +18x – 6
Clave B 6x+ 4
Q(x) = x2 – 2x + 1

Q(x) = x3 + 2x2 + 3
7 a) 6x2 – 5x + 3 2x – 3 5 2 3 –5 10 6
6x2 + 3x 3x – 1 \ ∑ coeficientes de Q(x) = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 –3 –6 –2 –12 6
Exacta
– 2x + 3
Clave C 1 –3 4 –2 12
2x – 3
0
 10 + (–6) + 4 = 8
b) 2x3 + 0x2 + 3x + 4 x – 1
– 2x3 + 2x2 2x2 + 2x + 5 14 6x4 + 5x3 – 6x2 + ax + b 2x2 – x + 1
– 6x4 – 3x3 – 3x2 3x2 + x – 4
2x2 + 3x
2x3 – 9x2 + ax 6 x–2=0 x=2
– 2x2 + 2x
– 2x3 + x2 – x
5x + 4 1 0 0 0 –60
– 8x2 + (a–1)x – b
– 5x + 5 x=2 2 4 8 16
+ 8x2 – 4x + 4
9 Inexacta
2x + 9 1 2 4 8 –44
c) x5 + 0x4 – 3x3 +0x2 +4x – 8 x2 + 0x – 2  a – 1 – 4 = 2 ∧ b + 4 = 9  1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + –44 = –29
– x5 + 0x4 +2x3 x3 – x a = 7 ∧ b = 5
– x3 +0x2 +4x
x3 +0x2 – 2x \ a + b = 12
0x2 +2x – 8 Inexacta Clave E 7 x–4=0 x=4

Clave D 1 –4 1 –8
x=4 4 0 4
15 24x55 – 16x44 + 0x33 + x2 – ax – b 3x32 – 2x + 3
– 24x +16x – 24x 8x – 8x – 5 1 0 1 –4 r(x)
8 a) (V) b) (F) c) (V) – 24x3 + x2 – ax
q(x)
+24x3 – 16x2 + 24x
Clave C – 15x2 + (24–a)x – b 1. (F)
+ 15x2 – 10x +15
0 0 2. (V)
9 x4 – x3 + x2 – 3x + 4 x2 + x + 2 3. (F)
–x4 – x3 – 2x2 x2 – 2x + 1  24 – a – 10 = 0 ∧ 15 – b = 0
– 2x3 – x2 – 3x a = 14 ∧ b = 15
2x3 + 2x2 + 4x \ ab = 210
8 x–2=0 x=2
x2 + x + 4 Clave C
– x2 – x – 2 1 2 0 –3 –2 –m

2 x=2 2 8 16 26 48
\ Suma es: x4 + 3x3 + 4x2 + 9x + 8 1 4 8 13 24 48 – m = 14
Clave C ACTIVIDADES CAP 08  48 – m = 14  m = 34
MÉTODOS DE DIVISIÓN POLINOMIAL I
10 1. (V) [D(x)]0 = 5
2. (V) [Q(x)]0 = [D(x)]0 – [d(x)]0 9 2 +1 –3 2 –8
1 x – 2 = 0  x = –2
–2 –4 6 –6 8
[Q(x)]0 = 5 – 3 = 2 2 1 –1 1 2 –3 3 –4 0
3. (F) x=2 4 10 18
2 5 9 19 r(x)  2 × (–3) × 0 = 0

8x5 + 0x4 – 4x3 + 3x2 – 6x+ 1 2x3 + x2 + 0x + 3 2
– 8x5 – 4x4 – 0x3 – 12x2 4x2 – 2x – 1 Q(x) = 2x + 5x + 9
– 4x4 – 4x3 – 9x2 – 6x
4x4 + 2x3 + 0x2 +6x 10 x–a–2=0 x=a+2
– 2x3 – 9x2 +0x+ 1 2 x – 2 = 0  x = –2
1 –a –a –a2
2x3 + x2 +0x+ 3
8x2 +0x+ 4 2 1 –5 2 x=a+2 a + 2 2a + 4 a2 + 6a + 8

Clave D x = –2 –4 6 –2 1 2 a + 4 6a + 8  5a + 11
2 –3 1 0
Q(x)  6a + 8 = 5a + 11
11 a) (V) b) (F) c) (V)
a=3
Q(x) = 2 + –3 + 1 = 0
Clave B

3 x – 2 = 0  x = –2 CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
12 4x4 + 13x3 + 28x2 + 25x + 12 4x2 + 5x + 6
– 4x4 – 5x3 – 6x2 x2 + 2x + 3 2 0 –8 7 –11
8x3 + 22x2 + 25x x=2 –4 8 0 14 1 Q(x) = 1x2 – 2x + 1
x – 1 = 0 1 –3 3 –1
– 8x3 – 10x2 – 12x 2 4 0 7 3 r(x) Q(x) = x2 – 2x + 1 x=1 1 –2 1
12x2 + 13x + 12 1 –2 1 0
– 12x2 – 15x – 18 Q(x) = 2x3 + 4x2 + 7 R(x) = 0
– 2x – 6
Clave D Q(x) + r(x) = 2x3 + 4x2 + 10 Clave A

2 11
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

1 1 0 p 0 q
2 Ordenando el polinomio dividendo: 4 2 –5 2 a
6 6 –5 1 2 –3 –1
x3 – 4x2 + x – 8 –5 36 –30
2 –3 –1 0
x–4 6p + 186 –5p – 155
Q(x) = 1x2 – 0x + 1 x – 4 = 0 1 –4 1 –8 1 6 (p + 31) (6p + 156)(–5p + q – 155) \ Luego: a – 1 = 0  a = 1
Clave A
Q(x) = x2 + 1 x=4 4 0 4
Como es exacta:
1 0 1 –4
R(x) = –4 156
 6p + 156 = 0  p = –
6
 p = –26 5 5 16 0 –8 2
Clave E –3 –15 –3 9 –3
–5p + q – 155 = 0  –5(–26) + q – 155 = 0 5 1 –3 1 –1
 q = 25 \ Resto: – 1
3 2 3 –5 8 6 Clave C
–3 –6 9 –12 6 \ p + q = –26 + 25 = –1
2 –3 4 –4 12 Clave A
6 5 7 3
Suma de valores hallados: –6 + 4 + 8 = 6 x = –1 ↓ –5 –2
Clave A 5 2 1
TAREA
\ El producto es: (5)(–5)(2)(–2)(1) = 100

4 1 2 0 –3 –2 –m 1 x–2=0 2 1 –1 1 Clave A
2 2 8 16 26 48 x=2 ↓ 4 10 18
2 5 9 19
1 4 8 13 24 21 7
1 8 18
Luego: –m + 48 = 21  m = 27 Cociente: 2x2 + 5x + 9 x =
\–3 –3 –15 Q(x) = 1x + 5
1 5 3
Clave B \ Residuo: 19
Clave B

5 1 1 1 1 1
Residuo:
2 2 1 –5 2
8 4 0 6 n
–2 –4 6 –2
–1 –1 1 2x + 1 x = –2 –8 16 –44
2 –3 1 0
1 0 0 4 –8 22 0
1 0 2 1 Suma de coeficientes del cociente:
Clave D \ n – 44 = 0  n = 44
\2–3+1=0 Clave D

6 2 4 4 –1 3
Residuo: 3 2 0 –8 7 –11 1 –4 –20
–1 –2 6 2 4 8 0 14 9
4x + 6 x = –3 ↓ –3 +21
3 –1 3 2 4 0 7 3 1 –7 1
2 1 4 6
Clave D \ Resto: 3 Q(x) = x – 7 R(x) = 1
Q(x) + R(x) = x – 6
Clave B
4 3 6 11 –4 2 –3
7 1 1 –3 2 0 –3 9 –1 –2 4
0 0 –1 2 –3 6 10 2 0 1 0 3 6
–1 0 3 1 –2 x = –1 –2 2 –3 3 –6
0 –1 2 –2 3 –3 6 0
2 3 –1 9 –5
0 –3
1 –3 1 3 m n \ Q(x) = 2x4 – 2x3 + 3x2 – 3x + 6
Luego: \ Cociente: 2x2 + 3x – 1
Clave D
–3 – 1 = m  m = –4  9 – 3 = n  n = 6
\ m + n = –4 + 6 = 2
Clave B REFORZANDO 11 4 3 –12 15
x = –3 –12 27 –45
1 4 –5 3 –3 4 –9 15 –30
1 4 –1 2
8
3 2 2
6x – 25x + 3x – 5 3x – 5x + 2 4 –1 2 –1 p = –45; n = 27 y q = –30
–6x3 + 10x2 – 4x 2x – 5
\ p + n + q = –45 + 27 – 30 = –48
–15x2 – x – 5
2
15x – 25x + 10 \ Residuo: = –1
Clave B Clave E
–26x + 5 = R(x)
Clave B
2 2 6 0 1 3 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 –1
–3 –6 0 0 –3 x=1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
9 Producto de 2 1 –3 2 –8 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1
valores –1 –4 6 –6 8 Coeficiente del cociente
hallados: \ Cociente: 2x3 + 1
2 –3 3 –4 0 Clave C \ ∑ coeficientes = 9
2×(–3)×2×0 = 0 Clave D
Clave E 3 1 1 2 –2
1 1 2 4 13 x + 1 = 0  x = –1
1 2 4 2
10 Ordenando y completando:  P(1) = 0  3(–1)4 + (–1)2 + 5(–1) + (2n–3)= 0
\ Término independiente del cociente = 4  2n = 4  n = 2
x4 + 0x3 + px2 + 0x + q
Clave B
x2 – 6x + 5 Clave B

12 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

2 6 –5 m 4 –2
14 3 –32 53 –63 3 1 1 –1
1 –5 3 Cociente:
9 27 –45 72 6 –1 –3 –1 –1 –2
4 –2 2 4 x2 – 2x + 1
3 –5 8 9 m
– –2 –1 –2
2
Suma de coeficientes del cociente: 1 –2 1 0 1
3 –4 m+4 m –1 Clave C
–
\3–5+8=6 2 2
Clave A Q(x) = 3x2 – 4x +
m+4
; x = 1  Q(1) = 2
2 4 1 1 0 2 –13 m n
m+4 3 3 –3
3(1)2 – 4(1) + =2
15 2 1 –5 (n – 7) 2 –3 9 –9
–2 –4 6 –2 m+4 24 –24
=3  m=2 6 –6
2 –3 1 0 2
1 3 8 2 0 0
Luego: n – 7 – 2 = 0  n = 9
Clave A 7 1 3 4 m 1 m Luego:
–1 3 –3 m – 24 + 6 = 0  m = 18  n – 6 = 0  n = 6
–1 –1 –1
\ m + n = 18 + 6 = 24
–m+4 –m+4
3 1 m–4 – m–4 4
Clave C
ACTIVIDADES CAP 09 r(x) = (–m + 4)x + 4
MÉTODOS DE DIVISIÓN POLINOMIAL II m=4 5 1 2 –9 2 8A B
5 10 –2
–1 5 –1
1 3 12 2 –1 –5 –9 8 • 2m – 3 + 5 = 0  m = –1 25 –5
1 4 8 (m + n)2 = 16 2 1 5 0 0
• –3n + 15 = 0  n = 5
2 2 4
3 6 8A + 24 = 0  A = –3
4 2 3 2 –3
B–5=0 B=5
r(x) = 2x – 3 9 3 12 –9 14 –m n –p
0 0 –8 24 \A–B=–8
Clave D
–2 0 6 –18
6 0 –4 12
2 4 8 0 –4 5 –2
4 –3 2 30–m n–22 12–p
2 4 –2 6 Como la división es exacta:
–1 2 –1 0 0 0
m – 3 + 5 = 0  m = –2
–2 1 m = 30 ; n = 22 ; p = 12
2 1 –1 2 –1  –3n + 15 = 0  –3n = –15  n = 5
Q(x) = 2x2 +x–1 \ (m + n)2 = (–2 + 5)2 = 9
10 1 1 0 p 0 q Clave C
 2 + 1 + –1 = 2
6 6 –5
–5 36 –30
6(p+31) –5(p+31) 7 3 12 –9 14 –2m n –p

3 2 6 –5 6 1 –1 1 6 p+31 6(p+31)–30 q–5(p+31) 0 0 –8 24
1 3 –3 0 0 –2 0 6 –18
–1 –1 1 6 0 –4

1 –1 • 6(p+31)–30 = 0 • q– 5(p+31) = 0 4 –3 2 (–2m + 30) (n – 22) (–p + 12)
3 –1 1 3 –2
p + 31 = 5 q = 25 Como la división no deja resto:
Q(x) = 3x2 – x + 1 r(x) = 3x – 2 p = –26 q = 25
–2m + 30 = 0  m = 15
 Q(x) + r(x) = 3x2 + 2x – 1 n – 22 = 0  n = 22
–p + 12 = 0  p = 12
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO Clave B
4 3 6 –10 –2 2 –3
–1 –2 4 1 3 6 19 18 9
Cociente:
2 +4 –8 –5 –10 8 A = –1 2 2 0 3 (A + 1) (B – 3)
–2 4 2x2 + 3x + 1 –2 –2 –3
–15 B=9
2 –4 2 –8 1 –3 2 3
–5
AB = (–1)9 –2 –3
Q(x) = 2x2 – 4x + 2 r(x) = 8x + 1 2 3 1 4
1 –1 1 (A + 2) (B – 6)
Clave C AB = –9  
1 3
I) (V) II) (F) III) (F)
Clave A
2 4 8 14 5 16 3 2
5 3 6 –4 1 10 –2 –1 –2 –6 9 Del esquema:
–3 –3 –9
–1 –2 • 2(–1) = b  b = –2 • 2(a) = –4  a = –2
1 3
2
–2 –6 • 5 – 4 – 2 = d  d = –1
–1
2 3 –1 2 4 –4
–3 •c–4+1=3  c=6
2 –2 1 3 –5 Q(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 – x + 2  R(x) = 4x – 4 \ a + b + c + d = –2 – 2 + 6 – 1 = 1
T.I Clave C Clave A

2 13
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

• 8A + 24 = 0  A = –3
10 Completamos los recuadros: 3 3 6 –25 3 –5
5 10 –4 • B – 5= 0  B = 5
1 1 –2 –6 m n p –2 –25 10
3 3 1 –3 \ A – B = –3 – 5 = –8
2 –5 –26 + 5 Clave D
1 3 1 3
–3 –6 –2 6 R
1 1 –2 0 0 0 \ R(x) = –26x + 5

Luego: m – 3 + 1 – 6 = 0  m = 8 Coeficiente de x: –26 11 4 8 14 5 16 3 2

Clave B –1 –2 –6
n + 3 – 2 = 0  n = –1 –3 –3 –9
p + 6 = 0  p = –6 4 3 6 19 18 11 1 3
\ mnp = 8(–1)(–6) = 48 –5 –10 –2 – 6
Clave A –15 2 3 –1 2 4 –4
–5 R(x) = 4x – 4
2 3 1 6
TAREA Q(x) = 2x2 + 3x + 1 Clave E
Clave C
1
3 12 2 –1 –5 –12
5 • b = 2(–1)  b = –2 12 1 2 –4 n –5 m
1 4 8 1 2 –4
2 2 4 • 2a = –4  a = –2
–2 –2 4
3 6 • d = –1÷1  d = –1 n–6–2(n–6)
4 2 3 2 –6 r(x) = 2x – 6 2 –2 (n–6) (n–7) (–2n+m+12)
•c–4+1=4c=7
0 0
\a+b+c+d=1
2 4 8 0 –4 6 –2 Clave B •n–7=0n=7
2 4 –2 • –2n + m + 12 = 0
–1 2 –1 6 1 1 –1 1 –5 3
–14 + m + 12 = 0  m = 2
–2 1 –1 –1 –2
2 1 –1 3 –1 –2 2 4 \m+n=9
–1 –2 Clave C
Suma de coeficientes del cociee: 1 –2 1 –2 1
\2+1–1=2 Q(x) = x2 – 2x + 1
Clave C 13 2 2 0 3 (A+1) (B–3)
3 2 6 –5 6 1 –1 –2 –2 –3
1 3 –3 7 2 2 9 2 –5 6 –3 2 3
–1 –1 1 –3 –3 –1 –2 –3
1 –1 –1 –9 –3 1 –1 1 (A+2) (B–6)
3 –1 1 3 –2 12 4 1 3
1 3 –4 11 10 • A = –1
Residuo: 3x – 2 R(x) = 11x + 10 •B=9
Clave D \ –A2 + B = –(–1)2 + 9 = 8
4 6x3 – 5x2 + mx+1 2x + 1 Clave C
– 6x3 – 3x2 m+4 8 5 15 –8 –9 7 1
3x2 – 4x +
– 8x2 + mx+1 2 1 3
8x2 + 4x
(m+4)x+1
Q(x) –1 14 1 1 –3 2 0 –3 9
–2 0 0 –1
m+4 1 –1 0 3
\ Q(1) = 3  3(1)2 – 4(1) + =3m=4
2 3 –1 –2 1 2 = R(x) 0 –1
0 –3
Clave B 1 –3 1 3 –4 6
REFORZANDO R(x) = –4 x + 6
9 1 1 0 2 –13 m n
 R(x) = –4x + 6 ≡ mx + n  m = –4 ∧ n = 6
3 3 –3
1
1 1
1 1 1
–3 9 –9
–1 –1 1 \ m + n = –4 + 6 = 2
\ R(x) = 2x + 1 24 –24 Clave B
1 0 0
6 – 6
1 0 2 1
1 3 8 2 (m–18) (n–6)
R
Clave D 0 0
15 1 1 –2 –5 m n+1 p–1
\ m + n = 18 + 6 = 24 3 3 1 –3
Clave C 1 3 1 –3
2 2 4 4 –1 3 –3 –3 –1 3
–1 –2 6 \ R(x) = 4x + 6
1 1 –1 (m–5) (n–3) (p+2)
3 –1 3  4 + 6 = 10 10 1 2 –9 2 8A B
2 1 4 6 5 10 –2 0 0 0
R –1 5 –1 \ mnp = 5 ⋅ 3(–2) = –30
Clave D 25 –5
2 1 5 (8A+24) (B–5)
Clave E

14 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

resto = (0 + x + 1)(0 + 12x + 4)

ACTIVIDADES CAP 10 9 x–2=0  x=2
= (x + 1)(12x + 4)
P(2) = 0  4(2)5 – 2(2)3 + k – 2 = 0
DIVISIÓN ALGEBRAICA = 12x2 + 16x + 4
 k = –110
= 0 + 9x + 4
Clave B
1
Divisor: x + 3 = 0 = 9x + 4  9 + 4 = 13
x = –3  P(–3) = resto
10 x–1=0  x=1
P(–3) = (–3)2 – 4(–3) + 20 10 x–1=0
= 9 + 12 + 20 P(1) = 0  15 + a(1)3 + b(1) + c = 0
x = 1  (1)3 + m(1)2 + n(1) + 3 = 0
= 41 m + n = –4  a + b + c = –1
Clave E
x+1=0
2 Divisor: x + 1 = 0
x = –1  (–1)3 + m(–1)2 + n(–1) + 3 = 0
x = –1  P(–1) = resto m – n = –2
P(–1) = (–1)100 + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2
TAREA
 m = –3 ∧ n = –1
1 x–1=0  x=1
3 x–2=0
r = 7
x = 2  P(2) = resto CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
(1)3 + k(1) + 2k = 7
P(2) = (2)3 – 4(2)2 + 6(2) – 8
= 8 – 16 + 12 – 8 1 x + 3 = 0  x = –3 1 + k + 2k = 7
P(–3) = 0  (–3)2 + 8(–3) + b = 0  b = 15 3k = 6
= –4
Clave D k=2

4 x–1=0
x = 1  P(1) = 7 2 x + 1 = 0  x = –1
2 x–a=0  x=a
r = (a)2 – (a + 1) a + 3a
(1)3 + k(1) + 2k = 7 R(x) = P(–1)  R(x) = (–1 – (–1)8 + 2(–1)6) r = a2 – a2 – a + 3a
k=2 R(x) = 0 r = 2a
Clave C
5 x–a=0
x = a  P(a) = resto 3 x + 1 = 0  x = –1
3 x–m=0  x=m
r =0
P(a) = (a)2 – (a + 1)a + 3a R(x) = P(–1)
= a2 – a2 – a + 3a m3 – m(m)2 + m(m) + 2m – m2 – 8 = 0
R(x) = (–1)2 + 2(–1) + 1 – m + m  R(x) = 0
= 2a m3 – m3 + m2 + 2m – m2 – 8 = 0
Clave A
2m – 8 = 0
6 x–1=0 2m = 8
x = 1  P(1) = resto
4 x–2=0  x=2 m=4
P(2) = 0  23 – 22m + 3(2) + 2m = 0
P(1) = (1)2005 – 2004(1) – 2003
 m=7 4 x–1=0x=1
= 1 – 2004 – 2003 Clave D
r = 0
= – 4006 (1)4 + m(1)3 + n(1)2 + p – 8 = 0
5 x–1=0  x=1 1 + m + n + p – 8 = 0
7 x2 + 1 = 0
R(x) = P(1) m+n+p=8–1
x2 = –1  resto = 0
R(x) = [(1 – a)(1 – 1) + (1 – 1)(1 + a) – 12 + 2(1) – 1] m+n+p=7
(x2)3 + (x2)2 – ax2 – 6 = 0 R(x) = 0
–1 –1 –1 Clave C
–1 + 1 + a – 6 = 0 REFORZANDO
a=6 6 x–1=0  x=1
1 x + 3 = 0  x = –3  P(–3) = 0
P(1) = 0  13 + 2(1)2 + a + b = 0
(–3)2 + 8(–3) + 3b = 0  b = 5
8 x – a = 0  resto = 0  a + b = –3
x=a Clave B Clave D
(a)4 – a(a)3 + 2a2 + ab + ac – a2 – 7a = 0
a4 – a4 + 2a2 + ab + ac – a2 – 7a = 0 7 x–1=0  x=1 2 x – 3 = 0  x = 3  R(x) = P( 3 )
a2 + ab + ac – 7 = 0 R(x) = P(1)  R(x) = 1 2005
– 2004(1) – 2003
R(x) = 2( 3 )4 – 6( 3 )2 + 3 – 3 = 0
a+b+c–7=0 R(x) = –4006
a+b+c=7 Clave E Clave D

9 (2x + 1)(6x + 1)(3x + 4)(4x + 1)

8 x–m=0  x=m 3 x – 3 = 0  x = 3  P(3) = 0
12x2 + 7x
R(x) = P(m) 33 + a(3)2 + 11(3) – 6 = 0  9a = – 54
(12x2 + 8x + 1)(12x2 + 19x + 4)
12x2 + 7x R(x) = m3 – m · m2 + m · m – m2 + 2  R(x) = 2 \a=–6
 12x2 + 7x = 0 Clave B Clave E

2 15
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

(x + 2)(x – 1)(x + 5)(x – 4)

4 x – 1 = 0  x = 1  P(1) = 0 14 (x + 2)(x – 1)
= (x + 5)(x – 4) 9 (x4 - 1)(x2 – 2x + 1)
13 + 2(1)2 + a(1) + b = 0  a + b = – 3 (x2 + 1)(x + 1)(x – 1)(x – 1)2
\ Resto = 0 (x2 + 1)(x + 1)(x – 1)3
Clave B Clave A
• tiene 3 factores primos ..... V
• x2 + 1 + x + r + x – r = x2 + 2x + 1 = (x + 1)2 ..... V
5 x – m = 0  x = m  P(m) = 0 x(x3)671 + x + 1
15 R(x) = x3 – x • (x2 + 2) es uno de sus factores primos ..... F
m3 – m ⋅ m2 + m ⋅ m + 2m – m2 – 8 = 0
2m = 8 R(x) = x672 + x + 1 = (x3)224 + x + 1 (4x + 3y)m
\ m=4  m=2 10 (4x + 3y)2m2  ( 4x + 3y)m
R(x) = x224 + x + 1 = (x3)74x2 + x + 1
Clave C (x3 – 6x2 + 12x – 8)m
R(x) = x76 + x + 1 = (x3)24x2 + x + 1 (x – 2)3  (x – 2)m
 (4x + 3y)2 – (x – 2)2 (x - 2)m
6 x + 1 = 0  x = –1  P(–1) = 0 R(x) = x26 + x + 1 = (x3)8x2 + x + 1
(4x + 3y + x – 2)(4x + 3y – x + 2)
(–1)3 – m(–1)2 + 3(–1) + 2m = 0  m = 4 R(x) = x10 + x + 1 = (x3)3x + x + 1 = x2 + x + 1
(5x + 3y – 2)(3x + 3y + 2)m2
Clave D Clave C

7 x – 1 = 0  x = 1  P(1) = 0 CUADERNO DE TRABAJO

1 + m(1) + n(1) – p – 8 = 0  m + n – p = 7
4 3
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO CAP 11 1 (2x)4 – 34 = [(2x)2 – 32][(2x)2 + 32]
Clave D FACTORIZACIÓN = (2x – 3)(2x + 3)(4x2 + 9)
Clave C
1 1. 4x2 + 4xy + y2 = (2x + y)2 .... B
8 (x – a)(x – 1) + (x – 1)(x + a) – (x – 1)2
2. 16x2 – 9xy = (4x – 3y)(4x + 3y) .... C 2 ab(c + 1) + (c + 1)  (ab + 1)(c + 1)
(x – 1)(x – a + x + a – x + 1) = (x – 1)(x + 1)
3. x2 – 6xy + 9y2 = (x – 3y)2 .... A
Clave D
(x – 1)(x + 1) x – 1 N(x)
 = =
(x + 1)2 x+1 x+1
2 x2 – 12xy + 36xy2 = (x – 6y)2 .... F
a) 3 x3z – y3z + x3w – y3w
x + 1 = 0  x = –1 b) 9x2 + 12xy + 4xy = (3x + 2y)2 .... V = z(x3 – y3) + w(x3 – y3)  (x3 – y3)(z + w)
 R(x) = N (–1) = –1 – 1 = 2 c) x4 – y4 = (x2 + y2)(x2 – y2) = (x – y)(x2 + xy + y2)(z + w)
Clave E = (x2 + y2)(x + y)(x – y) .... F
\ (x – y) y (z + w) son factores lineales.
Clave C
9 x + 2 = 0  x = –2  P(–2) = 0 3 a) 4x2 – y2 = (2x + y)(2x – y) .... 3
4(–2)5 – 2(–2)3 + k – 2 = 0  k = 114 b) 8x3 + y3 = (2x + y)(4x2 – 2xy + y2) .... 2
4 x3 + 2x2 – 10x – 5x2 = x(x + a)(x + b)
27x3 – 125y3 = (3x – 5y)(9x2 + 15xy + 25y2) .... 1
c)
Clave E = x2(x + 2) – 5x(x + 2) = x(x + a)(x + b)
= x(x + 2)(x – 5) = x(x + a)(x + b)
4 • x3 + 8 = (x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 4)
1  1  a = 2  b = –5
10 2x + 1 = 0  x = – 2  P  – 2  = 0  (x – 2)(x2 + 2x + 4) ...... F
• 8 – x3 = (2 – x)(4 + 2x + x2) ...... F \ a + 2b = 2 + 2(–5) = –8
1 3 1 2 1 Clave D
6 –  – 5 –  + m –  – 1 = 0  (2 – x)(4 – 4x + x2)
 2  2  2
• x3 + 2x = (x + 3)(x2 – 3x + 9) ...... V
–
3 5 m
– – – 1= 0 
m
= –3 5 (3x – 4)(4x + 5) = 12x2 + ax + b
4 4 2 2
12x2 – x – 20 = 12x2 + ax + b
Clave D 5 • x2 + 10xy + 25y2 = (x + 5y)2  x + 5y
• 9x2 – 12xy + 4y2 = (3x – 2y)2  3x – 2y  a = –1  b = –20
\ a · b = 20
11 x + 1 = 0  x = –1  P(x) = 0 Clave C
(–1)5 + a(–1)3 + b (–1) + c  a + b – c = 1 6 a2 + 6ac + 9c2 – b2
(a + 3c)2 – b2
Clave A 6 4ab(ab2 + a2b – 2)
(a + 3c + b) (a + 3c – b) Clave C

12 x – 1 = 0  x = 1  P(1) = 0
7 (x – 3)3 + 53 = (x – 3 + 5)[(x – 3)2 – (x – 3)5 + 52]
(a – 4)(1)3 + (b – 2)(1) + c – 4 = 0 7 y2(a2 + b2) – (a2 + b2) = (a2 + b2)(y2 – 1)
= (x + 2)(x2 – 6x + 9 – 5x + 15 + 25)
= (a2 + b2)(y + 1)(y – 1)
 a + b + c = 10 = (x + 2)(x2 – 11x + 49) Clave E
(a – 6) + (b – 1) + c = (a + b + c) – 7 = 3  a = 2 ; b = –11 ; c = 49
10  a – b + c = 2 –(–11) + 49 = 62 8 (4x 2 2
) – 2(4)(4x2) + 16 – 121
Clave E 
(4x2 + 2)2 – 112
8 (x – y)(x2 + xy + y2) + xy(x – y)
(4x2 + 2 – 11)(4x2 + 2 + 11)
13 x – 1 = 0  x = 1  P(1) = 0 (x – y)(x2 + 2xy + y2)
(4x2 – 9)(4x2 + 13)
112 + 111 + 110 +.....+ 11 + 1 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13 (x – y)(x + y)2
\ (2x – 3)(2x + 3)(4x2 + 13)
Clave E x–y;x+y Clave B

16 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

9 –(a2 – 2ad + d2) + (b2 + 2bc + c2) 7 P(x;y) = [(x – 2y) + (x + 2y)][(x – 2y)2 15 –xy3 + x2y2 – 4x3y – 6x2y2 – 4xy3 – y4
–(a – d)2 + (b + c)2 – (x – 2y)(x + 2y) + (x + 2y)2]  –4x3y – 5x2y2 – 5xy3 – y4
\ (b + c + a – d)(b + c – a + d) 2
P(x;y) = 2x(2x + 8y – x + 4y ) 2 2 2
= –y(4x3 + 5x2y + 5xy2 + y3)
Clave D
P(x;y) = 2x(x2 + 12y2)  –y(4x3 + x2y + 4x2y + xy2 + 4xy2+ y3)
Clave E
 –y[x2(4x + y) + xy(4x + y) + y2(4x + y)]
10 mn(n3 – 5mn2 – 4m2n + 20m3)
 –y(4x + y)(x2 + xy + y2)
= mn(n2(n – 5m) – 4m2(n – 5m))
8 P(x;y) = (x3 + 43)(y3 – 23)
Clave B
= mn(n – 5m)(n2 – 4m2)
P(x;y) = (x + 4)(x2 + 8x + 16)
= mn(n – 5m)(n + 2m)(n – 2m)
(y – 2)(y2 + 2y + 4)
Clave C
\ Tiene 4 factores primos. ACTIVIDADES CAP 12
Clave D
MÉTODOS DE FACTORIZACIÓN I
TAREA
9 c3(a3 – b3) + d3(a3 – b3) 1 x – 3  primo
a)
1 x3 + 8 = (x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 4) (a3 – b3) (c3 + d3) xy + 2x = x(y + 2)  no primo
b)
(a – b) (c + d) (a2 + ab + b2) (c2 – cd + d2) c) 200  no es factor
2 2 3 2
x y (a + b) + xy (a + b) = xy (a + b)(xy + 1) 2
Clave E d) 3a + 5b  primo

3 x4 + ax3 + 2a2 + 2ax = x3 (x + a) + 2a (a + x) 10 P(a;b) = (b3 + 1)(a4 – 20a2 + 25) 2 a) 2xy2(8x + 4y + 2) ..... (1)
= (x + a)(x3 + 2a) P(a;b) = (b + 1)(b2 – b + 1)(a2 – 5)2 xy(2x + 3y + 4) ..... (3)
b)
c) 3x2y(2 – 4y + 3) ..... (2)
4 3
m +m +m+1 2
Clave C
 m2 (m + 1) + (m + 1) = (m + 2) · (m2 + 1)
11 P(x) = x4 – 8x + x3 – 8 3 x2 + 2x – 3

P(x) = x(x3 – 8) + (x3 – 8) x +3 (x + 3)(x – 1) = (x + b)(x – a)
REFORZANDO x –1

b=3 ∧ a=1
P(x) = (x3 – 8)(x + 1)

1 (x + 3)2 = x2 + 6x + 9  Lado: x + 3 P(x) = (x – 2)(x2 + 2x + 4)(x + 1)  P = ab = (3)(1) = 3

(2x – 3)2 = 4x2 – 6x + 9  Lado: 2x – 3 Clave E
La suma es: 3x 4 x+1=0
Clave C
12 a3 – ab2 + a2b – b3 + a2 – b2 x = –1  (–1)2 + c(–1) – 2 = 0
Agrupando lo indicado: 1 – c – 2 = 0  c = –1
2 (x4)2 – (4y2)2 = (x4 + 4y4)(x4 – 4y4)
2x – 1 = 0
a(a2 – b2) + b(a2 – b2) + (a2 – b2)
= (x4 + 4y4)(x2 + 2y2)(x2 – 2y2) 2
x =  d 1  + 5 1  – 4 = 0
1
= (a2 – b2)(a + b + 1)
2 2 2
Clave C
(a + b)(a – b)(a + b + 1) d = 3
4 2
3 P(x;y) = (x2y)3 + 73 Fact. primos lineales d=6
P(x;y) = (x2y + 7)(x4y2 – 7x2y + 49) \∑ de ellos: 3a + b + 1  d = 6 = –6
c –1
Clave B Clave C
5 (x + 4)(x – 5)(x – 7)(x + 6) – 504
4 P(x;y) = x2 + 2(y + 3)x + y2 + 6y + 9 13 1 2 0 –2 –1 (x2 – x – 20) (x2 – x – 42) – 504
P(x;y) = x2 + 2(y + 3)x + (y + 3)2 x=1 1 3 3 1 x2 – x = a
P(x;y) = (x + y + 3)2 1 3 3 1 0
(a – 20)(a – 42) – 504
\ El precio de cada uno es: x + y + 3 3
(x – 1)(x + 3x + 3x + 1) 2 a2 – 62a + 840 - 504
Clave D (x – 1)(x + 1)3 a2 – 62a + 336
a –56
 (x – 1) + (x + 1) = 2x
Clave B
5 P(x) = (x2 – x)[(x2 – x)2 – 2x(x2 – x) + 1] a –6
P(x) = (x2 – x)[x2 – x + 1] (a – 56)(a – 6)
P(x) = x(x – 1) (x2 – x + 1) 14 (a – b)2 (c – d)2 + 2ab(c – d)2 + 2cd(a2 + b2) (x2 – x – 56)(x2 – x – 6)
↓ ↓ ↓ = (c – d)2 [(a – b)2 + 2ab] + 2cd(a2 + b2) (x – 8)(x + 7)(x – 3)(x + 2)
3 2 7
= (c – d)2 (a2 + b2) + 2cd(a2 + b2)
\ (3)2 – (3) + 1 = 7
(a2 b2)[(c d)2 ⋅ 2cd]
6 Posibles ceros: ±{1; 3; 5; 15; 25; 75}
Clave C = + –

= (a2 + b2)(c2 + d2) 1 3 –25 75
6 (x – 4)y2 – 4y(x – 4) + 4(x – 4) x=5 5 40 –75
Fact. primos 1 8 15 0
(x – 4)(y2 – 4y + 4)
(x – 4)(y – 2)2 \∑ de ellos: a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 (x - 5)(x2 + 8x + 15)
Clave B Clave A (x – 5)(x + 3)(x + 5)

2 17
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

7 Posibles ceros: Div(20) = ± {2; 5; .....} •

(x + 3)(x2 + x – 2) (x + 3)(x – 1)(x + 2)
= 3 12x2 + ax + b ≡ (3x – 4)(4x + 6)
Div(4) (x + 3)(x2 + 4x + 3) (x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 1)
12x2 + ax + b ≡ 12x2 + 2x – 24  a = 2; b = –24
4 26 26 –20 x–1
\ \ ab = 2(–24) = –48
n=2 –8 –36 20 x+1
Clave E Clave D
4 18 –10 0

(n + 2)(4n2 + 18n – 10) 6 Son primos 1 y 3.

Clave D 4 Los posibles ceros son {± 1; ± 3}
2(n + 2)(2n + 9n – 5)
Clave E
2(n + 2)(2n – 1)(n + 5)
7 x3 – 2x2 – x + 2 = (x + 1)(x – 1)(x – 2)
5 6 = {±1; ±2; ±3; ...... ±6}
8 Posibles ceros: Div(2) = ± {2; .....}  1 – 1 – 2 = –2
Div(25) Clave E 1 1 3 3
 ± ; ± ; ± ; ± Posibles ceros
25 60 21 2 4 2 4 2
t=2 –50 –20 –2 8 P(x) = x3 – 7x + 6 = (x – 2)(x – 1)(x + 3) 1
\ Es un cero racional:
25 10 1 0 2
1. (V) 2. (V) x – 2 + x – 1 + x + 3 = 3x Clave E
(t + 2)(25t2 + 10t + 1) = (t + 2)(5t + 1)2 3. (V) Los ceros de P(x) son: 1; 2 y –3.
Clave E 6 x4 – 26x2 + 25 = (x2 – 25)(x2 – 1)
↓ ↓ = (x + 5)(x – 5)(x + 1)(x – 1)
9 1 0 –7 6 x2 –25
x=1 1 1 –6
1 1 –6 0 9 x3 – 6x2 – x – 6 = (x + 1)(x – 1)(x – 6) x2 –1
 x + 1 + x – 1 + x – 6 = 3x – 6 \ Tiene 4 factores primos.
(x + 2)(x2 + x – 6) = (x – 1)(x + 3)(x – 2) Clave C
Clave D

10 2 7 x4 + 13x2 + 36 = (x2 + 9)(x2 + 4)

–1 –2 1 10 P(x) = x3 – x2 – 4x + 4 = (x – 2)(x – 1)(x + 2)
x=1 2 1 –1 ↓ ↓ \ x2 + 9 + x2 + 4 = 2x2 + 13
\ La suma de los ceros es: 2 + 1 – 2 = 1 x2 9
2 1 –1 0
Clave B x2 4
(x – 1)(2x2 + x – 1) Clave C
(x – 1)(2x – 1)(x + 1)

TAREA 8 Sea k2 – k = k
 P(k) = k2 – 8k + 12 = (k – 6)(k – 2)
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO 1 x2 – 9x – 162
k –6
= (k2 – k – 6)(k2 – k – 2)
↓ ↓
x –18 k –2 k –3 k –2
1 x2 + 4x – 21 = (x + 7)(x – 3)
x +7 x +9 k 2 k 1

x –3  P(k) = (k – 3)(k + 2)(k – 2)(k + 1)
Sus factores son: (x – 18)(x + 9)
\  coeficientes de un factor primo: 8 y –2. \ (k + 3) no es un factor de P(k)
Clave C 2 4x2 – 4x + 1 Clave E
= (2x – 1)2
2 z2 – 10z – 24 = (z – 12)(z + 2) 9 • f(2) = 23 – 5(2) + 2 = 0
z –12 3 P(5) = 0
1 0 –5 2
z +2 (5)3 – 8(5)2 + a(5) – 10 = 0 x=2 2 4 –2
Clave C
5a = 85 1 2 –1 0
a = 17
3 (y – 6)(y + 1)  f(x) = (x2 + 2x – 1)(x – 2)
Clave A \ La suma es: x2 + 3x – 3
4 Si –1 es un cero de P(x)  P(–1) = 0
Clave D
(–1)3 – n(–1)2 + (–1) + 6 = 0  n = 4
4 x4 – 26x2 + 25 = (x2 – 25)(x2 – 1)  P(x) = x3 – 4x2 + x + 6 = (x + 1)(x – 3) (x – 2)
x2 –25 10 Si x + 2 es factor, entonces:
Los otros ceros son 3 y 2  3 + 2 = 5
x2 –1
1 0 m 2
= (x + 5)(x – 5)(x + 1)(x – 1) –2 –2 4 –2(m + 4)
\ N° factores primos: 4. REFORZANDO 1 –2 m + 4 0
Clave C
 2 – 2(m + 4) = 0
1 (x + 1)x2 + x2 ⋅ x(x + 1) = x2(x + 1)(x + 1)
2 = 2m + 8
5 • x2 + x – 2 = (x – 1)(x + 2) = x2(x + 1)
–6 = 2m
x –1 \ Hay 2 factores primos.

x 2 Clave C –3 = m

2
• x + 4x + 3 = (x + 3)(x + 1) Significa que:
x 3 2 abc(a + b) + b2c2(a + b) = bc(a + b)(a + bc)
\ 7(–3) = –3 + 2 = –1
Clave A
x 1 Clave A

18 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

–6x = –9
11 (x2 – x)2 + 9(x2 – x) + 18 CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
3
x2 – x
+6 x=
2
x2 – x +3
9–n 9+n
c) 2(x2 – 2x – 15) – x2 + 2x = x2 + 2x + 1 1 Para x = 9:
3
+
2
=8
( x2 –x+ 6)(x2 – x + 3)
2x2 – 4x – 30 – x2 + 2x = x2 + 2x + 1
Clave C  2(9 – n) + 3(9 + n) = 6 · 8  n = 3
–4x = 31
–31 Clave E
12 P(x) = (x3 – 1)(x3 – 8) x=
4

P(x) = (x – 1)(x2 + x + 1)(x – 2)(x2 + 4x + 8) 2 (3 – a)x + 5 = 0 absurda
La suma de los factores lineales es: 2x – 3 2 x = 12  6 + 10 + 4n = 12n  3–a=0  a=3
16 = 8n  n = 2 Clave A
Clave C
4x – 1
13 "Ceros" posibles: 3
3
=5 x=4
3 12 ·
x+3
+ 12 ·
x–2
+ 12 ·
x+1 5
= – · 12
4 3 6 4
+20 → {±1; ±2; ±5....}  ax – 2 = 10
3x + 9 + 4x – 8 + 2x + 2 = –15
Para x = 2 → P(x) = 0 4a – 2 = 10  a = 3
18 + 9x = 0  x = –2
Para x = 1 → P(x) = 0 8–a Clave C
4 x=8 4+
2
= –1
Para x = –5 → P(x) = 0
8 – a = –10  a = 18
Entonces:
4 ( x2 + x – x2 + x – 5 )2 = (x)2
3 8 –35 4 20 5 a + 3 = 0  a = –3  x2 + x – x2 + x – 5 = x2

2 6 28 –14 –20
 –3 = 2x + 29  ( x2 + x – 5)2 = (x)2  x2 + x – 5 = x2
3 14 –7 –10 0
1 3 17 10 –32 = 2x  x = –16 \x=5
Clave D
3 17 10 0
–5 –15 –10 2a - 5
6 x=2  3 –1=2
3 2 0 5
2a – 5 = 9 ( x2 + x + x2 + 6x – 7 )2 = (x + 1)2
Por tanto: a=7  x2 + x – x2 + 6x – 7 = x2 + 2x + 1
(x – 2)(x – 1)(x + 5) (3x + 2)  ( x2 + 6x – 7 )2 = (x + 1)2
Clave D 7 mx – 5x – 10 = 2x – 10  x2 + 6x – 7 = x2 + 2x + 1  4x = 8
x(m – 7) = 0 \x=2
0 m–7=0
Clave B
14 Siendo P(–1) = 0  x + 1 es factor de P(x)
m=7
6 41 97 97 41 6
–1 –6 –35 –62 –35 –6 6 Aldo: x + 7

x + 7 + x + 4 + 2x + x = 46
Gino: x + 4 x = 35
6 35 62 35 6 0 8 ax3 – 2x3 + bx2 - 4x2 + ax – 3a = ab
Germán: 2x
x=7
x3(a – 2) + x2(b – 4) + ax – 3a = ab Pedro: x
Q(x) = 6x4 + 35x3 + 62x2 + 35x + 6
0 0
Q(–2) = Q(–3) = 0  (x + 2) y (x + 3) son \ La menor suma tiene Pedro: S/. 7
a=2 b=4
factores de P(x) Clave D
 2x – 6 = 8
6 35 62 35 6 2x = 14
x = –2 –12 –46 –32 –6 x=7
6 23 16 3 0 2x + 3 3x – 1 4x + 1
x = –3 –18 –15 3
7 105 · + 105 · + 105 ·
5 7 3
6 5 1 0 9 Rita: x  x – 5
= 105 · 12
Rosa: 60 – x  65 – x
\ P(x) = (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)(3x + 1)(2x + 1) 42x + 105 + 45x – 15 + 140x + 35 = 1260
 x – 5 = 3(65 – x)
Clave C 227x = 1135  x = 5
x – 5 = 195 – 3x Clave D
4x = 200
15 P(x) = (x – 1)2(x + 1)(x + 3)(x – 2) x = 50
3(7) – 1 2n(7) – 3
\ ∑ Factores primarios: 4x + 1 8 Para x = 7: + =9  n = 2
5 5
Clave D 10 Atún filete decena  S/. 50  x + 1 decenas
En n2x – n = 6  22x – 2 = 6  x = 2
Atún lomo decena  S/. 40  x decenas
Clave A
50(x + 1) + 40x = 104
ACTIVIDADES CAP 13 50x + 50 + 40x = 104
90x = 64
9 a2x – 2x2 – 3x – bx = 5 + c
ECUACIONES LINEALES (a – 2)x2 + (b – 3)x = 5 + c lineal
64 6 3
x= = = decenas
1 a) 6x + 6 – y – x = 8x – y – 3 90 10 5  a–2=0  a=2
–x = –9 3 a2x – 1 27 22x – 1 27 28 – 1
 × 10 = 6 latas de lomo. En: =  2 = =
x=9 5
a2x + 1 29 2 x + 1 29 28 + 1
 6 + 10 = 16 latas de filete.
b) 2(x2 – 4x + 4) = x2 – 1 + x2 – 2x \x=7
2x2 – 8x + 8 = 2x2 – 2x – 1  En total: 6 + 16 = 22 latas de atún. Clave E

2 19
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

x+4 x+9
10 x + 4
Sara: 5
Reemplazando: x = 1 14 Maestro gana x  ayudante: x – 50


+ = 10
Laura: x 2 3 1 3 1
 + =1+ 20x + 25(x – 50) = 2800
Rosario: x + 9 3(x + 4) + 2(x + 9) = 60 2 m m
Ana: 2x 20x + 25x – 1250 = 2800  x = 90
x=6 2 1
= \ m = 4 Clave E
m 2 Clave D
\ Ana tiene: 2x = 2(6) = 12.
Clave C 15 #mensajes: x
6 • C.S. = {2}  2a + 7 = –11  a = –9
8 + 0,25x = 5 + 0,4x  3 = 0,15x  x = 20
• C.S. = {4}  3(4) + b = 10  b = –2
TAREA • C.S. = {3}  5(3) - 3 = c  c = 12
Clave E

\ a – b + c = –9 + 2 + 12 = 5
1 2x + 6 = 3x – 3
Clave E
x=9 ACTIVIDADES CAP 14
2 5x = ax + bx + 7 x=1
7 ( x2 + x – x2 + x – 5)2 = x2 ECUACIONES DE SEGUNDO GRADO I
5 = a + b + 7
x2 + x – x2 + x – 5 = x2  ( x2 + x – 5)2 = x2 1 a)
x2 = 81  x2 – 81 = 0
 a + b = –2

(x + 9)(x – 9) = 0
\ x2 + x – 5 = x2  x = 5  5 + 4 = 3 x = 9 ∨ x = –9 ..... (falso)
7–a 7+a
3 •
2
+
3
=5 Clave B x2 = 36  x = 6 ∨ x = –6 ..... (verdadero)
b)
x2 = 1  x = 1 ∨ x = –1
c)
21 – 3a + 14 + 2a = 30
8 Total Niños: x C.S. = {(1; –1)}  [–1; 1] ..... (falso)
a=5
80 Adultos: 80 – x
x+5 x–5
• + = 10
2 3 10(80 – x) + 4x = 440 2 1. (x + 2)(x + 1) = 0
3x + 15 + 2x – 10 = 60 360 = 6x x = –2 ∨ x = 1 .... C

5x = 55 x = 60 2. (x + 1)(x – 2) = 0
Clave D
x = 11 x = 1 ∨ x = 2 .... A

3. (x + 1)(x + 2) = 0
9 #vacas: x
4 x2 – 3x + x2 + 3x – 7 = x2 – 2x + 1
• Vendiendo a 200 c/u obtiene 200x
x = –1 ∨ x = –2 .... B

x2 + 3x – 7 = x + 1  Precio del auto: 200x – 900

x2 + 3x – 7 = x2 + 2x + 1 • Vendiendo 180 c/u obtiene 180x
3 x2 – 81 = 0
a)
(x + 9)(x – 9) = 0
x = 8  Precio del auto: 180x – 60
x = –9 ∨ x = 9  C.S. = {–9; 9}

\ 200x – 900 = 180x – 60  x = 42
x2 – 16 = 0
b)
REFORZANDO Clave C
(x + 4)(x – 4) = 0
x = –4 ∨ x = 4  C.S. = {–4; 4}

1 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V)
10 Precio x: x – 15 = 2(x – 60)  x = 105
Clave C x2 – 100 = 0
c)
Clave B
(x + 10)(x – 10) = 0

2 a) 4x = 20  x = 5 x = –10 ∨ x = 10  C.S. = {–10; 10}

11 (x2 + 2bx + b2) + 5a2 = (x2 + 2ax + a2) + 5b2
b) 3x = 9  x = 3
x2 – 6 = 0
d)
x(2b – 2a) = 5b2 – 5a2
c) 15 = 3x  x = 5 (x + 6 )(x – 6 ) = 0
5
2x(b – a) = 5(b + a)(b – a)  x = (a + b) x = – 6 ∨ x = 6  C.S. = {– 6 ; 6 }

d) 3x + 3 = 4x – 2  x = 5 2

e)
–x x –15
– =  x=5
Clave B
2 4 4 Clave B 4 a) 4x2 – 9 = 0
12 3m – 2mx + 2mx3 + 3mx = 10x3 + 10 (2x + 3)(2x – 3) = 0

mx = (10 – 2m)x3 + 10 – 3m –3 3 –3 3
5x x= ∨ x=  C.S. = ;
3 a. = 5  x = 6
6 pero 10 – 2m = 0  m = 5
2 2 2 2
b. 2x = 6  x = 3 b) 3x2 – 75 = 0
 5x = 10 – 3(5)  x = –1
c. 32 =
16x
 x = 14
Clave D x2 – 25 = 0

7
(x + 5)(x – 5) = 0
\ a – 3; b – 1; c – 2 4 20
Clave D 13 Compra: = x
12 60
x = –5 ∨ x = 5  C.S. = {–5; 5}
x
Gana: 5
3,5 35 7 21 60 c) 5x2 – =0
Vende: = = = x 4
10 100 20 60 3x
4 Multiplicamos por 10: Gana: x2 –

1
=0
2 24 60 4
5x + 5 – 60 + 2 – 2x = 7 Público: = x
5 60  1 1
x = 20 x+ x+ =0
3x x 2x  2 2
 – = 16  = 16  x = 480
\ 1 (F) 2 (F) 3 (F) 60 60 60 –1 1 –1 1
Clave E Clave E x= ∨ x=  C.S. = ;
2 2 2 2

20 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

d) 2x2 – 2 = 0 b) (x + 4)(x – 4) = 0
x2 – 1 = 0

CUADERNO DE TRABAJO x = 4
(x + 1)(x + 1) = 0 x = –4
1 Si x = 2 raíz  22 + m(2) + 6 = 0  m = –5
x = –1 ∨ x = 1  C.S. = {–1; 1}
c) (x + 8)(x – 8) = 0
Clave B
x = 2 2
5 x2 – 3x = 0
1. x = –2 2
2 (x – 3)(x + 5) = 0  x – 3 = 0  x + 5 = 0
x(x – 3) = 0

 x = 3  x = –5  Raíces: 3; –5 d) x2 – (2 5)2 = 0
x = 0 ∨ x = 3 ..... B

Clave A (x + 2 5)(x – 2 5) = 0
x2 + 9 = 25
2.
x = 2 5
x2 – 16 = 0

(x + 4)(x – 4) = 0
3 (x + 4)(x – 7) = 0  x = –4  x = 7 x = –2 5

x = –4 ∨ x = 4 ..... C
Clave A
2 a) b) x(5x – 4) = 0
x = 0
3. x2 + 4x = 0 x–2=0
x=0

x(x + 4) = 0
4 1. (V) x2 – 6x + 8 = 0  (x – 4)(x – 2) = 0
x –4 x = 2 x = 4/5

x = 0 ∨ x = –4 ..... A
x=4  x=2
x –2 c) x2 – 3x = 0 d) 3x2 – 2 = 2x – 2
2. (V) x2 + 2x – 3 = 0  (x – 1)(x + 3) = 0 x(x – 3) = 0
x (3x – 2) = 0
6 a) (V)
x –1 x = 1  x = –3 x=0 x = 0
b) (V) x 3
x=3 x = 2/3
c) (–1)2 – 3(–1) – 1 = 0 3. (F) (x + 2)(x + 3) = 0  x = –2  x = –3
1+3–1=0
Clave B 3 a2 – 1 = 0
3  0 ..... (F)
(a + 1)(a – 1) = 0
5 x(x – 2) = 0  x = 0  x = 2  C.S. = {0; 2} a + 1 = 0 ∨ a – 1 = 0 \ = ±1
7 a) (x – 3)(x – 5) = 0
x–3=0 ∨ x–5=0 Clave C
x=3 ∨ x=5 4 a) x – 1 = 0  x = 1
x + 3 = 0  x = –3 C.S. = {–3; 1}

C.S. = {3; 5} 6 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V)
Clave B b) x2 + x – 12 = 4
b) (2x – 1)(3x + 2) = 0
x2 + x – 16 = 0
2x – 1 = 0 ∨ 3x + 2 = 0
–1 ± (1)2 – 4(1)(–16)
1 –2 7 1. (V) x2 + 4 = 0  x2 = –4 x=
x= ∨ x= 2(1)
2 3  x = 2i  x = –2i
–2 1 –1 ± 65
C.S. = ; 2. (F) x2 = 9  x = 3  x = –3 x=
3 2 2
3. (V) x(x – 3) = 0  x = 0  x = 3
c) x + 2 = 0  x = –2
x2(x – 3) = 0  x = 0  x = 3
8 • (a – 1)x2 + 6x = 7 x – 3 = 0  x = 3 C.S. = {–2; 3}

0 Clave A
1
a–1=0 a=1 d) 2x – 1 = 0  x =
2
• (b + 2)x2 + 3x = 8 8 Lado = x  Área: x2 = 36 (x > 0)  x = 6 5 1 5
3x – 5 = 0  x = C.S. = ;
0 Clave A 3 2 3
 b + 2 = 0  b = –2

9 (a – 2)x2 + 5x = 3 cuadrática  a – 2  0 REFORZANDO

9 Artículo: x – 3
 a2
 x(x – 3) = 180
Precio: x
x(x – 3) = 15 × 12 (b + 3)x2 + 3x = 6 cuadrática  b + 3  0 1 1. (V) x2 = 16  x = ±4

x(x - 3) = 15 ×(15 – 3)  b  –3 2. (F) x2 = 5  x = ± 5

x = 15
Clave A
25 5
3. (V) x2 =  x = ±
4 2
 Compro: 15 – 3 = 12 artículos. Clave A
10 (x2 – 4)(x2 – 9) = 0
(x + 2)(x – 2)(x + 3)(x – 3) = 0
10 x+2 2 x(x – 6) = 0  x = 0 ∨ 6
\ C.S. = {2; –2; 3; –3}
x(x + 4) = 0  x = 0 ∨ x = –4
x 48 m2 x Clave A
\ 6 + (–4) = 2
Clave B
x+2
 x(x + 2) = 48 TAREA
x(x + 2) = 6(6 + 2)
3 Raíz = –2  para x = –2: (–2)2 + k(–2) – 5 = 0
1
a) (x + 3)(x – 3) = 0
–1
x=6 x = 3 k=
2 Clave C
 Perímetro = 4x + 4 = 4(6) + 4 = 28 m x = –3

2 21
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

4 (x + 2)(3x – 1) = (x + 1)(4x – 1) 14 x2 – cx = x(a + b)  x2 – (a + b + c)x = 0 4 3x2 + x – 4 = 0

x +4
3x2 + 5x – 2 = 4x2 + 3x – 1  x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 Suma de raíces
x –1
 (x – 1)2 = 0  x = 1  C.S. = {1} Clave A (3x + 4)(x – 1) = 0
Clave D
–4 –4 –1
∨ x=1 
x= +1=
15 Ecuación: 6x2 – 11x + n = 0 3 3 3
5 • (m – 4)x2 + 2x – 9 = 0 de 2.° grado
m≠4
–(–11) + (–11)2 – 4(6)n 9
Raíces: =
–(–11) – (–11)2 – 4(6)n 2 5 –x2 + 90x = 800
• (n + 3)x2 + 4x – 14 = 0 de 2.° grado x2 – 90x + 800 = 0
 n ≠ –3
2(11) 9+2 1 1 x –80
=  =
\ 4 + (–3) = 1 2 121 – 24n 9 – 2 121 – 24n 49 x –10
Clave E
n=3 (x – 80)(x – 10) = 0
Clave C x = 80 ∨ x = 10
6 • –1 raíz: 30(–1)2 + (–1)n + 3m = 0
 n = 3m + 30

• –1 raíz: 2(–1)2 + 5(–1) + n = 0  n = 3
6 30x2 + 5x = 1 + 4x

\ 3 = 3m + 30  m = –9 \ mn = –9 ⋅ 3 = –27
ACTIVIDADES CAP 15 30x2 + x – 1 = 0
6x –1
Clave B ECUACIONES DE SEGUNDO GRADO II 5x +1
(6x – 1)(5x + 1) = 0
6 • –1 raíz: 30(–1)2 + (–1)n + 3m = 0 1
x2 + 5x + 6 = 0
a)
x 3 1 –1
x= ∨ x=
 n = 3m + 30
x 2 6 5
• –1 raíz: 2(–1)2 + 5(–1) + n = 0  n = 3 (x + 3)(x + 2) = 0  1  –1  –1
 =
\ 3 = 3m + 30  m = –9 \ mn = –9 ⋅ 3 = –27 x = –3 ∨ x = –2  6  5  30
Clave B C. S. = {–3; –2} ..... C

5 x2 – 4x – 5 = 0
b) 7 2x2 + 6x – 6x - 10 = –x
7 2 raíz  m(2)2 – 2 – 3 = 0  4m = 5  m =
4
x –5 2x2 + x – 10 = 0
x 1 2x +5
Clave C x –2
(x – 5)(x + 1) = 0
x = 5 ∨ x = –1 (2x + 5)(x – 2) = 0
8 Cuadrática  m2 + 6m + 5 = 0
C. S. = {–1; 5} ..... B –5
x= ∨ x=2
 (m + 5)(m + 1) = 0  m = –5 ∨ –1 2
x2 – 7x + 6 = 0
c)
• Si m = –5  –5x2 + 2x + 4 = 0
2 x –6
 5x2 – 2x – 4 = 0 suma de raíces:
5 x –1 8 x2 - 2x + 1 – x – 1 – 1 = x2 – 2x – 3 + x2 – 5x + 6
(x – 6)(x – 1) = 0 0 = x2 – 4x + 4
• Si m = –1  –x2 + 2x + 4 = 0
x=6 ∨ x=1 0 = (x – 2)(x – 2)
 x2 – 2x – 4 = 0 suma de raíces: 2
C. S. = {1; 6} ..... A x1 = 2 ∨ x2 = 2
Clave B

9 #amigos: x 2 a)
x2 – 3x + 2 = 0
x –2 9 h(t) = 100
x(x + 3) = 70  x2 + 3x – 70 = 0 x –1 t2 – 15t = 100
 (x + 10)(x – 7) = 0 (x – 2)(x – 1) = 0 t2 – 15t – 100 = 0
\ como x > 0  x = 7 x = 6 ∨ x = 1  C. S. = {1; 2} (t – 20)(t + 5) = 0
Clave A
2
x + 5x + 4 = 0
b) t = 20 ∨ t = –5
x 4  t = 20
10 cx2 – c + dx – d = 0  c(x2 – 1) + d(x – 1) = 0
x 1
 c(x + 1)(x – 1) + d(x – 1) = 0
(x – 4)(x + 1) = 0
 (x – 1)(cx + c + d) = 0 10 ab(x2 + (a + b)x + ab) = 0 ; ab  0
x = 2 ∨ x = –1  C. S. = {–1; –4}
c+d x2 + (a + b)x + ab = 0
x=1∨x=–
c Clave A x2 + 2x – 3 = 0
c) (x + a)(x + b) = 0
x +3 x = –a ∨ x = –b
x –1
11 x = –6 raíz  (–6)2 + m(–6) + 18 = 0  m = 9 (x + 3)(x – 1) = 0
Clave E
x = –3 ∨ x = 1  C. S. = {–3; 1} CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
12 (–2m)2 – 4(1)(5m) = 0  m =5
1
2x2 – 3x – 2 = 0  (2x + 1)(x – 2) = 0
Clave E 3 2x2 – 5x + 2 = 0
2x 1 1
2x –1 x –2  x=–  x=2
2
13 Raíces: 13; –2  ecuación (x – 13)(x + 2) = 0 x –2
1
\ C.S. = {– ; 2}
 x2 – 11x – 26 = 0 1 2
Clave D C.S. = ;2 Clave C
2

22 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

2 x2 – 5x + 6 = 0  (x – 3)(x – 2) = 0 3
2x2 + 7x – 15 = 0  (2x – 3)(x + 5) = 0 10 x2 – a2x – b2x + a2b2 = 0
x –3 2x – 3 3
 x=3  x=2  x = ∨ x = –5  x(x – a2) – b2(x – a2) = 0
x –2 2
x 5  (x – a2)(x – b2) = 0  x = a2 ∨ x = b2
\ C.S. = {2; 3} 3
Clave D \ Raíces: y –5
2 Clave E

3 x1 + x2 = 3 4 • 3x2+ 7x – 6 = (3x – 2)(x + 3)

3x – 2 11 3x2 + 6x – 15 = x2 + 2x +1
Clave B
2x2 + 4x – 16 = 0
x – 3
x2 + 2x – 8 = 0
4 x2 – (a + b)x + ab = 0  (x – a)(x – b) = 0 • 3x2 – 11x + 6 = (3x – 2)(x – 3)
3x –2 (x + 4)(x – 2) = 0  x = –4 ∨ x = 2
 x = a  x = b  C.S. = {a; b}
x –3 Clave C
Clave A
2
3x + 7x – 6 (3x – 2)(x + 3) x + 3
\ = =
5 x1 + x2 =
5 3x2 – 11x + 6 (3x – 2)(x – 3) x – 3 12 (8x – 1)(2x – 3) = x2 + 60
2 16x2 – 24x – 2x + 3 = x2 + 60
Clave B
REFORZANDO 15x2 – 26x – 57 = 0
6 x2 + 2x + 1 = 3x2 + 6x – 15  2x2 + 4x – 16 = 0 15x 19
 x + 2x – 8 = 0  (x + 4)(x – 2) = 0
2 1 1. (B) (x – 3)(x – 2) = 0  x ∈ {2; 3} x –3
\ x = –4  x = 2 2. (C) (x – 5)(x + 2) = 0  x ∈ {5; –2}
(15x + 19)(x – 3) = 0
Clave C 19
3. (A) (x + 3)(x + 1) = 0  x ∈ {–3; –1} x=3∨ x=–
15
7 Si la ecuación es cuadrática: Clave B Clave B
m2 + 6m + 5 = 0  (m + 5)(m + 1) = 0
 m = –5  m = –1
2 8x2 + 7x – 1 = 0  (8x –1)(x +1) = 0
13 x2 – 7ax + (4a + b)(3a – b) = 0
8x – 1 1
Ecuación:  x = ∨ x = –1 x – (4a + b)
8
x 1
–5x2 + 2x + 4 = 0  –x2 + 2x + 4 = 0 Clave C x – (3a – b)
5x2 – 2x – 4 = 0  x2 – 2x – 4 = 0 [x – (4a + b)] [x – (3a – b)] = 0

4
\ Producto de raíces: –  –4 3 6x2 – x – 222 = 0  (6x – 37)(x + 6) = 0 x = 4a + b ∨ x = 3a – b
5 37 Clave A
Clave E x= ∨ x = –6  Menor = –6
6
Clave B 14 Dando la forma general:
8 (3x – 1)(x + 2) = (x + 1)(4x – 1)
2 x2 – 3x + 2 = 0  x =
1
4 6x2 – 9x – 6 = 0
2
yx= 2
3x2 + 5x – 2 = 4x2 + 3x – 1  x2 – 2x + 1 = 0
 2x2 – 3x – 2 = 0  (2x + 1)(x – 2) = 0 x – 2
\ x1 x2 = 1
Clave A 2x 1
2x –1
x – 2 1
\ C.S. = ; 2
d  d2 – 4c(d – c) 1 2
9 cx2 – dx + (d – c) = 0  x =  C.S. = – ; 2 Clave C
2c 2 Clave C
d  d2 – 4cd + 4c2 d  (d – 2c) x2 + a2 b2 + x2
x=
2c
=
2c 5 x1x2 = –4 15 ax =
xb
Clave E
d–c x2b + a2b = ab2 + ax2
 x1 =  x2 = 1
c Clave C 6 x2 – 5x + 6 = 0  (x – 3)(x – 2) = 0 x2(b – a) = ab(b – a)

 x1 = 3; x2 = 2 x2 = ab
10 Suma de raíces: –(–7a) = 7a \ x1x2 = 6 x = ± ab  C.S. = { ab; – ab}
Clave B Clave A
Clave C

7 x2 – ax + bx – ab = 0  x(x – a) + b(x – a) = 0

TAREA  (x – a)(x + b) = 0  x = a ∨ x = – b
ACTIVIDADES CAP 16
Clave A
1 8x2 + 14x + 5 = 0  (2x + 1)(4x + 5) ECUACIONES DE SEGUNDO GRADO III
2x 1 1 5
8
x2 – (a + b)x + ab = 0
 x = – ; –
2 4
Producto de raíces 1 a)
x2 + 5x + 3 = 0
4x 5 x 3 3x +
Clave E
1 x 1 1x No
\ Mayor raíz: –
2 4x  5x
(x2 + x + 2) + (x2 – x + 2) (3x + 1) + (3x – 1)
9 =
(x2 + x + 2) – (x2 – x + 2) (3x + 1) – (3x – 1)
x2 + 4x – 5 = 0
b)
2 x2 – 3x – 28 = 0  (x – 7)(x + 4) = 0
2x2 + 4 6x x +5 –5x +
x –7
 x = 7 ∨ –4 =  x2 = 1  x = 1 ∨ x = –1
2x 2 x –1 –1x Si
x 4
\ Raíces: 7; –4 Clave C 4x

2 23
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

x2 + 2x – 6 = 0
c)
 +
1 1 –1  x1 + x2 –1 9 ∆ = 0  (–3m)2 – 4m(9) = 0  9m2 = 36m
x +3 –2x + =
 x1 x2   x1 x2 
x –2 3x No \m=4
1x  2x x1 x2 10 Clave B
= = =2
x1 + x2 5
2 x2 – 6x + 7 = 0
11


a = 1 ; b = –6 ; c = 7 10 x1 + x2 = –
2m + 1 11 10
–(–6) ± (–6)2 - 4(1)(7)
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
2m
=
10
 m=5 
6 6
x= x1x2 = – =–
2(1) 2m 10
1 x2 – 2x – 6 = 0
6± 8
x=  x1 = 3 + 2 ; x2 = 3 – 2 11
2(1) –(–2)  (–2)2 – 4(1)(–6) 2  28 –
 x= = 1 1 x2 + x1 10 11
2(1) 2 + = = =
x1 x2 x2 x1 6 6
–
10
3 x2 + 2x – 5 = 0 \ Raíz mayor: x = 1 + 7 Clave A
a = 1 ; b = 2 ; c = –5
Clave B

–2 ± (2)2 – 4(1)(–5) p

x=
2(1) 2
1 1
+ =
5 x + x1 5
 2 =  p = 30 TAREA
x1 x2 12 x1 x2
 6
–2 ± 2 6
x=  x1 = –1 + 6 ; x2 = –1 – 6 36
2 Clave D 1 a = 5; b = –50; c = 1
 x1 + x2 = –2 Reemplazando los valores de "a" y "c" en
la fórmula:
3 Ecuación: x2 – 6x + 12 = 0 1
4 x2 + 6x + 9 = x2 + x2 – 2x + 1 –1 –1
\ x1x2 =
5
1 1  x + x1   6 –1
0 = x2 - 8x – 8 + = 2 = =2
 x1 x2   x1 x2   12 
a = 1 ; b = –8 ; c = –8
Clave B 2 (x – 13)(x + 2) = 0
–(–8) ± (–8)2 –4(1)(–8) x2 + 2x – 13x – 26 = 0
x=
2(1)
x2 – 11x – 26 = 0
8±4 6 4 x2 – (x1 + x2)x + x1 x2 = 0
x=  x1 = 4 + 2 6 ∨ x2 = 4 – 2 6
2 x2 – (15)x + 17 = 0  x2 – 15x + 17 = 0
 x1 + x2 = –8 = –8 3 (–2m)2 – 4(1)(5m) = 0
1 Clave C
4m2 – 20m = 0

m2 – 5m = 0
5 x(x + 1) – 2(x – 1) – 3 = 0
5 (a + b) ·
x2
– (a + b) ·
cx
= (a + b)x
x2 + x – 2x + 2 – 3 = 0 a+b a+b \m=0 ∨ m=5
x2 –x–1=0 x2 – cx = (a + b)x  x2 – (a + b + c)x + 0 = 0
\ x1 + x2 = a + b + c 4 Aplicando fórmula general:
–(–1) ± (–1)2 –4(1)(–1) Clave A
x=
2 –11  112 – 4(2)(–23)
x=
1± 5 1+ 5 1– 5 (m – 4)x2 mx 1 2(2)
x=  x1 = ; x2 = 6 – + =0
2 2 2 m–4 m–4 m–4 –11  305
x=
m  1 4
 x2 –  x+ =0
6 x1 + x2 = 13 m–4 m–4
 x2 – 13x + 31 = 0 –11 + 305 –11 – 305
x1 x2 = 31 mx 32 \ x1 = ; x2 =
=8  m= 4 4
m–4 7
1 1 7
\ Producto de raíces: = =
7 x2 – 2x – 6 = 0 m – 4 32 4
7
–4 REFORZANDO
–(–2) ± (–2)2 –4(1)(–6)
x= Clave A
2(1) 1 a) ∆ = 72 – 4(10) = 9 = 32

2±2 7 x1 = 1 + 7 (mayor) b) ∆ = (–3)2 – 4(2)(–5) = 72

x=   11 
2
2 7 11 a2 + 2ab 2 c) ∆ = 32 – 4(1)7 = –19  raíces diferentes


x2 = 1 – 7
a+b=–  + b =  – 5 
5 2/5 d) ∆ = 62 – 4(1)9 = 0
1 121 4 101
–(–5) 5 ab =  a +b = 2
– =2
8 x1 + x2 = = 5 25 5 25

e) ∆ = 102 – 4(3)(3) = 82
2 2 Clave C
Clave A

9 x1 + x2 = P ∧ x1 · x2 = 36
2 a) ∆ = 22 – 4(1)3 = –8
8 Si una raíz es 3 – 5  la otra es 3 + 5 b) ∆ = (–3)2 – 4(1)(1) = 5
x1 + x2 5 P 5

=  =  P = 15 x1 + x2 = 6


x1 x2 12 36 12 x2 – (x1 + x2)x + x1x2 = 0 c) ∆ = 52 – 4(1)7 = –3

x1 + x2
2
= (3 + 5)(3 – 5) x – 6x + 4 = 0

d) ∆ = 82 – 4(1)(12) = 42
10 x – 5x + 10 = 0  x1 + x2 = 5
2
=4 e) ∆ = 92 – 4(1)11 = 37
x1 x2 = 10 Clave A Clave D

24 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

5 < x ≤ 8 .... × 2
3 A = 25x – x2  x2 – 25x + A = 0 13 Ecuación: a + b = 1 (1)
10 < 2x ≤ 16 .... – 3
–(–25)  (–25)2 – 4(1)A x2 – x – 3 = 0 ab = –3 (2)
x= 7 < 2x – 3 ≤ 13
2(1)
(a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)  (2x – 3)  –5; 19]
25  625 – 4A
\x= 13 = a3 + b3 + 3(–3)(1)  a3 + b3 = 10
2 Clave A 7 –6 < 2y < 4 ..... ÷ 2
Clave D
–3 < y < 2 ..... × –3
4
x2 – 4x + 5 = 0  x1 + x2 = 4 –6 < –3y < 9 ..... + 5
14 Ecuación: x1 + x2 = a
Clave A –1 < –3y + 5 < 14
x2 – ax + 19 = 0 x1 ⋅ x2 = 19
 (–3y + 5)  –1; 14
5 x2 – 3x + 28 = 0  x1x2 = 28
1 1
+ =
3 x + x2 3
 1 = 
a
=
3
x1 x2 57 x1x2 57 19 57 8 –7 < x – 9 < 7 ..... + 9
Clave C
 a = 1 2 < x < 16 ..... × 3
Clave C 6 < –3x < 48 ..... + 4
6 x2 – (x1 + x2)x + x1x2 = 0
10 < 3x + 4 < 52
x2 – 15x + 17 = 0
Clave C 15 Ecuación: a + b = 1 a2 + 2ab + b2 = 1  (3x + 4)  10; 52


x2 – x + 2 = 0 2

a b a · b = 520
ab = 2 a2 + b2 = –3
7 x1 = 2 – 3 x1 + x2 = 4
x2 = 2 + 3 x1 ⋅ x2 = 22 – 3 = 1 a2 + b2 –3 9 5 < x < 9 ..... + 9
J=
= = –1
4 – (a + b) 4 – 1 10 < 2x < 18 ..... × 3
x2 – (x1 + x2)x + x1x2 = 0  x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 Clave C
13 < 2x + 3 < 21 .....
Clave C 1 1 1
< < ..... × 4
21 2x + 3 13
a
8 Ecuación: x1 + x2 =
3
ACTIVIDADES CAP 17
4
<
4
<
4
..... 
4 

4 4
;
21 2x + 3 13  2x + 3  21 13
3x2 – ax + 7 = 0 x1 ⋅ x2 =
7 DESIGUALDADES
3
a A1 c 10 P(x) = x2 – 10x + 25 – 2
1 1 5 x2 + x1 5 3 5 B a (x – 5)2 – 2
• + =  = = = a=5
x1 x2 7 x1x2 7 7 7 C b 0
3 D d =0–2
5
\ x1 + x2 = = –2 (mínimo valor)

3 Clave C
2
A
B
9 Ecuación: x1 + x2 = –3
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
–1 0 1 2 3
x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 x1 ⋅ x2 = 1
A  B = {0; 1; 2}  n(A  B) = 3 1 a) x es negativo  x < 0 (3)
(–3)2 9
E= = b) x no es positivo  x  0 (2)
2(1) 2 Clave E
c) x no es negativo  x  0 (1)

12
3
A: x – 2 ≥ 3 B: x + 4 > –2 Clave C
10 Ecuación: x1 + x2 =
3
=4 x ≥ 5 x > –6

3x2 – 12x + 20 = 0 x1 ⋅ x2 =
20 2 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V)
3 –6 5 +∞ Clave E
1 1 x2 + x1 4 3 A  B = [5; +∞
+ =  = =
x1 x2 x1x2 20 5 3 –1  x < 3  –2  2x < 6  2x  [–2; 6
3 Clave D
4 A: x + 1 < 15 B: x – 2 > 5 Clave A
x < 14 x>7
11 Ecuación: (m – 4)x2 – mx + 1 = 0

B
4
m 32 A
x1 + x2 = =8m= –3 0 4 5
m–4 7
7 14 \ –3; 4]  [0; 5 = [0; 4] = [a; b]
1 1 7
x1x2 == = A  B = R
m – 4 32 4  a+b=0+4=4
–4 Clave B
7
7 –1 4 5
\ (x1x2)–1 =   = x  –2; 4]  –2 < x ≤ 4 ..... ×4
(A  B)'

4 7 Clave B –8 < 4x ≤ 16 ..... +3
5 A B  (A  B)' = [4; 5]

–5 < 4x + 3 ≤ 19 4 5
Clave B
12 Ecuación: 2
a + b = 11 = (a + b) = 121  (4x + 3)  –5 ; 19]
6 –3 < x  2  –9 < 3x  6
x2 – 11x + 11 = 0 a⋅b = 11 = a2 + 2ab + b2= 121
 –9 + 1 < 3x + 1  6 + 1  –8 < 3x + 1  7
11 6 16 < 3x + 1 ≤ 25 .... – 1
 a2 + b2 = 99 15 < 3x ≤ 24 .... ÷ 3 \ 3x + 1  –8; 7]
Clave D Clave E

2 25
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

–3 ≤ – x < 3
7 12 < 3x < 18  4 < x < 6  x  4; 6 3 •A=x+1<8 •B =x–1>3
x < 7 x > 4 –3 ≤ x ≤ 3
Clave C
–9 ≤ 3x ≤ 9
–8 < 3x + 1 ≤ 10
4 5 6 7
8 –8 < 2y < 6  –4 < y  3  –12 < 3y  9
\ 〈–8; 10]

\ 5 + 6 = 11
\ 3y  –12; 9] Clave E Clave C
Clave D

4 13 ≤ 2x –7 < 23  20 ≤ 2x < 30 12 Como (2x – 3) ∈ [–6; 2

9 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (F) 3 5
 –6 ≤ 2x – 3 < 2  – ≤ x <
Clave B 10 ≤ x < 15  –10 ≥ –x > –15 2 2
 –2 ≥ –x + 8 > –7 23 17
 ≥ 4 – 5x >
2 2
10 x2 + 2x + 1 + 6 = (x + 1)2 +6 \ –x + 8 ∈ [–7; –2
17 23
Clave B
\ (4 – 5x) ∈ 〈– ; ]
 Valor mínimo = 6 cuando (x + 1) = 0 2 2
Clave B
Clave A
5 9 < 2x + 3 < 21
1 1 1 13
–3 < 5x + 1 < 2
< < –4 < 5x < 1
TAREA 21 2x + 3 9
4 1
6 6 6 – < x <
< < 5 5
1 A = [–3; 5 A  B = [–3; –6 21 2x + 3 9
4 1
B = [–1; 6 A  B = [–1; 5 6 2 2 1– <x+1< +1
\ ∈〈 ;  5 5
A – B = [–3; –1
2x + 3 7 3 Clave D 1 6
<x+1<
B 5 5
A
6 5 1 1 1
A < <5 < <1
–3 –1 5 6 6 x+1 6 5x + 5
–3 –1 2 4 8 9
6
1< <6

A – B = –3; –1  [8; 9] 5x + 5
2 –1 ≤ x + 5 < 23 Clave D
Clave E
–6 ≤ x < 18 –12 ≤ 2x < 36
18 ≥ –3x > –54 7 2 2x + 3 2 2
A B 14 1 – 3 < 3x + 4 – 3 < 4 – 3
2 3 4 5 6 7
3 •3<x5 A  B = 4; 5  C – A  B = [2; 4]  [5; 6] 1<
1
< 10
1 1 1 3x + 4
 < Clave E
5 x 3 1
< 3x + 4 < 1
10
15 8 –16 ≤ 3x + 2 ≤ 8
3 < 5  [3; 5 39
x – < 3x < – 3
–18 ≤ 3x ≤ 6 10
4 x2 + 6x + 25  0 –6 ≤ x ≤ 2
–
13
<x<–1
(x2 + 6x + 9) + 16  0 –4 ≤ –2x
≤ 12 10

–1 ≤ 2x + 3 ≤ 15  [–1; 15] \ –1,3 < x < – 1
(x + 3)2 + 16  0 Clave D
Clave E
0
\ 16 mínimo 9 –1  x  3 15 8 < 4x < 36  2 < x < 9

–1  x + 2  5 2<y<7
6 < 3y < 21 
2 x 9
REFORZANDO 1

1
5 x+2
1
< <
7 y 2
x 2 9
\ ∈ ; 
1 A) x – 4  2 1
+1
1
+11+1 y 7 2 Clave D

x  6 5 x+2
[6; +  AB 6 x+3
 2
5 x+2
B) x + 3 < 8

x < 5 El máximo valor es 2 ACTIVIDADES CAP 18
Clave C
–; 5]  BC
INECUACIONES DE 1° GRADO CON UNA INCÓGNITA
C) x – 1  5

x  6 10 (x + 2)2 ≥ 0  x2 + 4x + 4 ≥ 0
1 3x – 3 < 2x + 6
–; 6]  Ca
 x2 + 4x + 10 ≥ 6
x < 9  C.S. = –∞; 9
Clave D
\ El mínimo valor es 6.
Clave D
2
2 x2 – 2x + 1 – x2 – x > 3x – 3
– –4 5 10 11 P(x) = x2 + 2x + 1 – x2 + x –6x > –4
 –3 + –2 + –1 + 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 9
P(x) = 3x + 1 2 2
x<  C.S. –∞; 
Clave B –2 ≤ 1 – x < 4 3 3

26 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

2x x
3 –
3
–8≤5–
2
–4 CUADERNO DE TRABAJO TAREA
x 2x
– ≤9
2 3 x–2 1 a) 2x – 1 < 5 b) 3 – x < 1
1
3
< 4  x – 2 < 12  x < 14
3x – 4x ≤ 54 2x < 6 3 – 1< x
\ x  –; 14
x ≥ –54 Clave C x<3 2<x

 C.S. = [–54; +∞ x<2

2x – 3
2 > 1  2x – 3 > 5  2x > 8  x > 4 2 2  x – 3  8
5
4 3(2x + 1) – 4(3x – 1) < 2(x + 5) + 6(2x – 3)
\ x  4; +
5  x  11
6x + 3 – 12x + 4 < 2x + 10 + 12x – 18 Clave A
–6x + 7 < 14x – 8 3 a) 1 – x < –3 b) 1 – 2x > –15
–20x < –15 –x < –4 –2x > –16
3 x2 + 4x + 4 – x2 – 2x – 1 > 7  2x > 4
20x > 15 x > 4 x<8

 x > 2  x  2; +
3 3 Clave D
x >  C.S. =  ; +∞
4 4
2x – 1
4 –3 <
5
≤7

5 5x + 1 < 6x + 3 ∧ 6x + 3 < 7x + 9 4 –2 < x  4  –6 < 3x  12  –8 < 3x – 2  10 –15 < 2x – 1  35

–x < 2 –x < 6 \ (3x – 2)  –8; 10] –14 < 2x  36
x > –2 x > –6 Clave A
–7 < x  18

–18  –x < 7

–6 –2 5 15  2x – 3 < 35  18  2x < 38  9  x < 19 –36  –2x < 14
\ x  [9; 19 –33  3 – 2x < 17  [–33; 17
C.S. = –2; +∞ Clave E

6 x–6>2 REFORZANDO
6 5 < 2x – 3  15  8 < 2x  18  4 < x  9
x > 2 + a  C.S. = 2 + a; +∞
\ x  4; 9] = a; b]  a + b = 4 + 9 = 13 1 3x + 6 + 2x < – 8 + 5x  5x + 6 < – 8 + 5x
–3; +∞
Clave D  0 < –14 (falso) \ x ∈ ∅
 2 + a = –3 Clave A

a = –5
7 •6<x–1<8  7<x<9
2 Multiplicamos por 12 a todos los términos:
x–2 x+3
7 2 ≤ 3  3x - 6 ≤ 2x + 6 I.
7+3 x+3 9+3
< <  5<
x+3
<6 5 x x (5 + 2x)
x ≤ 12 12 × + 12 × < 12 × + 12
2 2 2 2 4 3 2 3
1. 3x + 6 ≤ 2x – 6 7–3 x–3 9–3 x–3 15 + 4x < 6x + 20 + 8x
II. < <  2< <3
x ≤ 12 ..... (V) 2 2 2 2

–10x < 5
x  [6; + ∞ ..... (F)
2. III. 2 · 7 – 1 < 2x – 1 < 2 · 9 – 1 10x > –5
x  –∞; 12] ..... (V)
3.  13 < 2x – 1 < 17 1
Clave E x > –
2
\ El menor valor entero de x: 0
8 –1 < 5x + 3 < 4 ..... – 3 8 2x – 3 < 21  2x < 24  x < 12 Clave C
–4 < 5x < 1 ..... ÷ 5 \ x  –; 12
Clave C

–4
<x<
–4 3 Multiplicamos por 30 a todos los términos:
5 5
30(4x – 3) 30 × 2x 30(x + 1) 30(2x – 3)
–4 1 – < +
x ; 9 2x – 3 < 96  x < 49,5 48 < x < 49,5 5 3 6 15


5 5
3x + 5 > 149  x > 48  x = 49 24x – 18 – 20x < 5x + 5 + 4x – 6
–5x < 17
9 x: número Clave B
5x > –17
• 3x + 8 < 80 ∧ 2x – 4 > 40 17
x > –
3x < 72 2x > 44 (1) 5
10 Clave C
x < 24 x > 22 x+2 x+1 x+5 x+2 x+1
<
De < (1): <
4 3 5 4 3
 x = 23  2 + 3 = 5 (2) 4 2x – 2a > 3x – 6
–x > –6 + 2a
 3x + 6 < 4x + 4  2 < x
10 x: número x < 6 – 2a
• 5x + 12 ≤ 63 ∧ 3x – 9 > 20 x+1 x+5 –4
De (2): <  5x + 5 < 3x + 15
3 5  6 – 2a = –4
5x ≤ 51 3x > 29
 x<5 –2a = –10
x ≤ 10,2 x > 9,6 ...
\ 2 < x < 5  x  2; 5 a = 5
 x = 10 Clave C Clave D

2 27
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

(1; 2), (1; 6)

5 x2 – 2x – 3 ≥ x2 + 4x – 5 13 x: número de personas
1
9 A × B = (3; 2), (3; 6)
• 2x – 7 > 29 • 3x – 5 < 2x + 16 (6; 2), (6; 6)
–6x ≥ –2  x 
3 Clave D 2x > 36 x < 21
R1 : (4; 3) ∉A × B  No
x > 18
6 2x – 2 < 3x – 6
\ x = 20
R2 : (4; 6) ∉A × B  No
–x < –4 Clave B R3 : (4; 3) ∉A × B  No
x>4 R4 : (4; 2) ∉A × B  No
\ x  4; +
14 x: número
Clave E • 2x + 6 < 65 • 3x – 5 ≥ 82
10 1. (V)
2x < 59 3x ≥ 87 2. (V)
7 3(x + 2) + 4(x + 3) ≥ 60 x < 29,5 x ≥ 29 3. (V)
3x + 6 + 4x + 12 ≥ 60
\ x = 29  2⋅9 = 18
7x + 18 ≥ 60 Clave E
7x ≥ 42  x ≥ 6
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
x  –; 6] falso
1. 15
x: chocolates que tiene
1 1. (F)
x
x  6; + falso
2. • x – 45 > • 3x – 26 < 250
2 2. (V) Si (a; 3) = (5; b)  a = 5  b = 3
x  [6; + verdadero
3. 2x – 90 > x 3x < 276  a+b=8

x  [6; + verdadero
4. x > 90 x < 92
3. (V) Si (a + 1; a) = (b; 7)  a = 7  b = a + 1
\3 y4 \ x = 91
Clave B  b=8

Clave C
\ FVV
8
7x – 5 < 6x + 3 ∧ 6x + 3 < 8x + 1 Clave E
x < 8 –2x < –2
x>1 ACTIVIDADES CAP 19 2 1. (F) Si A  B  A×B  B×A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
RELACIONES BINARIAS 2. (V) n(A) = 4 y n(B) = 3  n(A×B) = 4 · 3

2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 27  n(A×B) = 12
Clave E 1 x + y = 11
x=8 ∧ y=3 3. (V) n(A×B) = n(A)×n(B)
x – 2y = 2
a2 b2 2 a2 b2
9 x  2 – 2  > 2 – 2 \ x >1  (8)(3) = 24 2y3
b a  b a Clave E
Clave D
2 A  C = {5; 6} ∧ B = {1; 2; 4} 3 1. (F) N = (4; 2) 2. (V) P = (5; 2)
10 –2 ≤ 3x + 1 ≤ 10 (5; 1), (5; 2), (5; 4) 3. (V) R = (4; 1) 4. (V)
 (A  B) × B =
–1 ≤ x ≤ 3 (6; 1), (6; 2), (6; 4)
Clave C
1≤x+2≤5
1 1 3 A–2
≤
5 x+2
≤1 B–1 4 (4; 3)  A×B porque 3  B.
6 x+3 Clave D
≤ ≤2
5 x+2 4 a+1=3 a=2
x+3 b–2=2 b=4 5 1. (V) (3; 5)  A×B  (5; 3)  B×A
\ máximo es 2
x+2
Clave D 2c = 4  c = 2 2. (V) (5; 3)  B×A
3d = 6  d = 2
11 3 ≤ x < 7 3. (V) Si (3; 5)  B×A  (6;
 2)  A×B  V

 a × b + c × d = (2)(4) + (2)(2) = 8 + 14 = 12 F F
6 ≤ 2x < 14
1 ≤ 2x – 5 < 9  I, II y III
5 A = {1; 2; 3}  n(A) = 3 Clave E
1 1 B = {6; 8; 10; 12; 14}  n(B) = 5
< ≤1
9 2x – 5
4 12  n(A × B) = (3)(5) = 15 6 R = {(2; 3), (2; 5), (4; 5)}  n(R) = 3
≤ ≤ 12
3 2x – 5 Clave B
4 6 R = {(0; 5), (1; 4), (2; 3), (3; 2), (4; 1), (5; 0)}
 a = ∧ b = 12
3 D(R) = {0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5}
\ 3a + 2b = 4 + 12 = 16
7 R = {(1; 4), (2; 3), (3; 2)}  n(R) = 3
R(R) = {0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5}
Clave E Clave B
 D(R)  R(R) = {0, 1; 2; 3; 4; 5}  # = 6
12 x: cantidad de alumnos
• 3x + 5 ≥ 93 • 2x – 1 < 61 7 D(R) = {3; 2; 4} 8 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (F)
3x ≥ 88 2x < 62 Clave C
 3 + 2 + 4 = 9
x ≥ 29,3 x < 31
\ x = 30 8 R(R) = {1; –1; 3; –3} 9 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V)
Clave C Clave E
 1 + (–1) + 3 + (–3) = 0

28 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

10 Gráfico de R: 7 M = {4; 6; 7} N = {5; 6}  (–1; 1) ∈R, pero (–1; 1) ∉R .. (F)

\ M ∩ N = {6} 4. No es de equivalencia ............. (F)
A Clave C
5
\ R tiene 10
4
elementos.
2 1. F (7; 7) ∉R
3
8 1. (F), pues A = {1; 2} y B = {2; 3; 4}
2. V
2
1 2. (F), pues n(B×C) = 9 3. F  no es reflexiva
1 2 3 4 5 A 3. (V), pues A – C = {2}
Clave E
4. (F), pues (A – C) ∪ B = {2; 3; 4} 3 (5; 7) ∧ (7; 2a + b)  2a + b = 5 a = 1

Clave A (1; 8) ∧ (3b – 1; 1)  3b – 1 = 8 b = 3

TAREA a+b=1+3=4
9 A = {2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7}
1 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V) V = {(3; 4)(5; 2)} 4 1. No, falta (3; 3)
RanV = {4; 2}  4 + 2 = 6 2. No, falta (2; 2)
Clave C
2 B = {(1; 1)(2; 3)(3; 3)(4; 4)(5; 5)} 3. Si
C = {(1; 4)(2; 3)(3; 2)(4; 1)}
10 R = {(4; 5)(4; 9)(7; 9)}
5 R = {(m; n)(n; p)(m; p)}
n(R) = 3
3 DF = [–4; 4 RF = [–2; 4 Clave B n(R) = 3 .................. (V)
1.
2. R es transitiva ....... (V)

4 R = {(1; 3)(1; 4)(1; 5)(2; 3)(2; 4)(2; 5)(3; 4) 11 Tenemos: 3. R es reflexiva ........ (F)
a–2=7–b→a+b=9
(3; 5)(4; 5)}
ab – 6 = 14 → ab = 20 6 R1 ..... Si
\ n(R) = 9
Con: a < b  a = 4  b = 5 R2 ..... Si
R3 ..... No (3; 5) ∉R3
\ Se pide: 4 – 5 = – 1
REFORZANDO Clave B
7 (4; a)  a = 4
1 1. (V) 2. (F) 3. (V) 4. (F)
12 • m – 2 = 1  n – 3 = 1  m = 3  n = 4 (b; 2)  b = 2
Clave E • a = n  b = mn  a = 4  b = 12  a + b = 4 + 2 = 6
\ a × b + m + n = 48 + 3 + 4 = 55
2 Entonces:
8 1. Reflexiva ....... (V)
Clave E
5x + y = 20
2. Simétrica ....... (V)
5x – y = 10 13 R = {(1; 1)(2; 4)}
3. Transitiva ..... (V)
10x = 30 DR = {1; 2}
x = 3  y = 5 n(DR) = 2 (2; 2) (2; 3) (2; 5) (2; 7)
Clave B (3; 2) (3; 3) (3; 5) (3; 7)
\ xy = 15
Clave E 9 T = {2; 3; 5; 7}  T2 =
(1; 2) (5; 3) (5; 5) (5; 7)
14 A = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5} (7; 2) (7; 3) (7; 5) (7; 7)
3 Entonces: R = {(1; 5)(2; 4)(2; 5)(3; 3)(3; 4)(3; 5)} 1. R1 ...... Si
x – 4 = 2 – 2x x=2 (4; 2)(4; 3)(4; 4)(4; 5) (5; 1)(5; 2) 2. R2 (3; 5) ∧ (5; 7)  (3; 7) ∉R2 ..... No
10 + y = 3y y = 5 (5; 3)(5; 4)(5; 5)} 3. R3 ..... Si
\ x + y = 7 DR = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5}
Clave D  1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15 10 R* = {(9; 5) (7; 3)(6; 4)(2; 11)}
Clave C
c a d b
4 R = {(6; 11)(8; 13)}
 a + b + d + c = 3 +11 + 9 + 4 = 27
RR = {11; 13}  11 + 13 = 24 15 DR = [–2; 4]
Clave D RF = [1; 5] –2 1 4 5
 DR ∩ RF = [1; 4]
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
5 Rg = {–5; 3; 2} Clave C
1 1. (V) 2. (F) 3. (F)
Df = {0; 1; 2; 3} Clave A
Rang ∩ Domf = {2; 3}
Clave A ACTIVIDADES CAP 20
2 {(3; 6), (6; 4), (5; 5), (5; 6)}
PROPIEDADES DE LAS RELACIONES Clave D
6
4
3 1 R = {(–1; 0) (1; 0) (0; 1) (0; –1)}
3 Transitiva: si (x; y)   (y; z)  R
2 1. (0; 0) ∉R  no es reflexiva ..... (F)
 (x; z)  R  n + 1 = 4  n = 3
2. Es simétrica .............................. (V)
2 3 4 Clave E Clave C
3. (–1; 0) ∈R ∧ (0; 1) ∈R

2 29
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

(x – y) (x + y + 1) = 0
4 1. Si a es primo de b  b es primo de a 3 1. R es reflexiva ..... (F)
 es simétrica. x = y ∨ x + y = –1
2. R es simétrica .... (F)
↓ ↓
2. a no puede ser primo de sí mismo 3. R es transitiva .... (F) es reflexiva es simétrica
 no es reflexiva.
\ Ambas
3. Si a es primo de b y b es primo de c, a 4 R1 = {(1; 1)(2; 2)(3; 3)(4; 4)(5; 5)} Clave C
no necesariamente es primo de c
R2 = {(1; 2)(2; 5)(1; 5)}
 no es transitiva.
R3 = {(1; 1)(2; 2)(3; 3)(4; 4)(5; 5)(1; 3)(1; 5) 7 A = {1; 3; 5}
 Sólo I R = {(1; a – 2)(3; 3)(5; b + 3))(1; 3)(3; a – b)}
Clave A (3; 1)(3; 5)(5; 1)(5; 3)}

Reflexiva
1 5 1
5 R transitiva  n = 4  m = 8  m + n = 12
REFORZANDO
a=3 b=2
Clave C R = {(1; 1)(3; 3)(5; 5)(1; 3)(3; 1)}
1 R3 es reflexiva 1. R es simétrica (V)
Clave C
6 1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V) 2. R es transitiva (V)
Clave D 3. R es de equivalencia (V)
2 A = {a; b; c}
R = {(a; b)(b; c)(a; c) (c; c)} \ VVV
7 1. (F) 2. (V) 3. (F)
(a; b) ∧ (b; c) → (a; c) ∈ R
Clave E
Clave B
(b; c) ∧ (c; c) → (b; c) ∈ R
8 A = {1; 2; 3; 4}
\ R es transitiva
8 R = {(1; 1), (1; 3), (2; 2), (3; 1), (3; 3)} R1 = {(2; 1)(3; 2)(3; 1)(4; 3)(4; 2)(4; 1)}
S = {(a; a)(b; b)(a; c) (a; b)} ↓ Es simétrica
1. (V) 2. (V) 3. (V) (a; a) ∧ (a; c) → (a; c) ∈ S (1; 2) ∉ R (F)
Clave E (a; b) ∧ (b; b) → (a; b) ∈ S
R2 = {(2; 1)(3; 2)(3; 1)(4; 3)(4; 2)(4; 1)}
\ S es transitiva Es transitiva
9 R(x) = x, Dom R = [–2; 2, Ran R = [–2; 2
T = {(a; a)(b; a)(c; c)} (3; 2) y (2; 1) → (3; 1) ∈ R
R es reflexiva, simétrica y transitiva. (4; 3) y (3; 2) → (4; 2) ∈ R (V)
(b; a) ∧ (a; a) → (b; a) ∈ T
Clave E \ T es transitiva (4; 3) y (3; 1) → (4; 1) ∈ R
Clave E
R3 = {(1; 1)(2; 3)(2; 4)(3; 3)(2; 2)(4; 1)}
10 1. No es reflexiva: (–x; x) R  (–x; –x)  R Es reflexiva
3 A = {1; 2; 3} (4; 4) ∉ R (F)
2. No es simétrica: (–1; 1) R pero (1; –1)  R
R = {(1; 1)(2; 2)(3; 3) (1; 2)(2; 1)}
3. Es transitiva: (–x; x)  R  (x; x)  R \ FVF
A) R no es reflexiva (F) Clave D
 (–x; x)  R
Clave E (1; 1)(2; 2)(3; 3) ∈ R, si es
B) R no es simétrica (F) 9 A = {1; x; 3}
(1; 2) y (2; 1) ∈ R, si es R = {(1; 1)(1; 3)(2; 3) (2; 2)(3; 1)(3; 3)}
TAREA C) R no es transitiva (F) Es reflexiva

Y (1; 2) y (2; 1) → (1; 1) ∈ R, si es \x=2

1 Clave C
4 D) R es de equivalencia (V)
2 3
3 Clave D
3 2 10 A = {3; m; 4} n(A) = 3
4
1

4 4 A = {3; 4; 5; 7} R = {(3; a)(b; b)(3; b)(5; 3)(c; c)}
0 1 2 3 4 R = {(a; 5)(7; 7)(3; b) (4; 4)(3; 7)} ↓
↓ ↓
↓ ↓ Reflexiva 3 5 4
5 3
2 x es un correligionario de y Es reflexiva y simétrica
↓ a=5  b=3
a = 3 b = 5 c = 4
Pedro APRA \ ab = 5(3) = 15
Clave D \ a + b + c = 3 + 5 + 4 = 12
Luis PPC
Clave B
Carlos UPP
5 (6; 2)  (2; 6) ∈ R
R = {(Pedro; APRA), (Luis; PPC),
(Carlos; UPP)}  (6; 6) ∈R \ (6; b)  b = 6 11 A = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5}

Clave C R = {(1; 2)(2; 5)(5; b) (2; 3)(1; 3)(a; 5)}

 (Pedro; Pedro) ∉ R, no es reflexiva
Es transitiva
\ no es de equivalencia
6 De la condición: (1; 2) ∧ (2; 5) → (1; 5) ∈ R
 (Pedro; APRA) ∈ R, pero (APRA; Pedro) ↓
∉R x2 + x = y2 + y
a
x2 – y2 = – x + y
\ no es simétrica (2; 5) ∧ (5; b) → (2; b) ∈ R
(x + y) (x – y) + x – y = 0 ↓
 no es transitiva
(2; 3)

30 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

a = 1 ∧ b = 3 F(4) = 2(4) = 8  No
\a+b=1+3=4
5 1. (F) f(1) + f(2) = 3 + 4 = 7  f(3)
 F = {(2; 4)(3; 6)}
Clave A 2. (F) [f(2)]3 = (4)3 = 64  f(3)
 RF = {4; 6}  4 + 6 = 10
3. (V) f(2) · f(4) = 4 · 10 = 40
Clave E
12 A = {1; 2; 3; 4}
R = {(x; y) ∈ A2/x = y ∨ x + y = 3} 5 F = {(2; 4)(4; 6)(6; 2)(8; 6)}
R(F) = {2; 4; 6}
R = {(1; 1)(2; 2)(3; 1)(4; 4)(1; 2)(2; 1)} 6 f(x) = 2x – 3
 2 + 4 + 6 = 12
• (1; 1)(2; 2)(3; 1)(4; 4) ∈ R → reflexiva A) f(0) = 2(0) – 3  (0; –3)  f (V)
• (1; 2)(2; 1) ∈ R → simétrica B) f(3) = 2(3) – 3 = 3  (3; –3)  f (V)
6 b=a–b=1=a–1
• (1; 1) y (1; 2) → (1; 2) ∈ R b=1 ∧ a=2 C) f(–2) = 2(–2) – 3 = –7  (–2; –7)  f (V)
(1; 2) y (2; 1) → (1; 1) ∈ R → transitiva  F = {(3; 1)(2; 1)(2; 1)(3;1)} D) f(–3) = 2(–3) – 3 = –9  (–3; –6)  f (F)
\ Todas son verdaderas F = {(3; 1) (2; 1)} E) f(–4) = 2(–4) – 3 = –11  (–4; –11)  f (V)
Clave E  DF = {2; 3}
Clave D

13 A= {a2 – 3/a ∈ Z+ ∧ 3 < a < 7} 7 F(x – 1) = x + 3

2
4 – 3 = 13 1. F(2) = 6  4 ...... (F) 7 • f(x) = ax2 + 3x + 1

2. F(–5) < 2 .......... (V) f(2) = a(2)2 + 3(2) + 1 = 19  a = 3

 a2 – 3 52 – 3 = 22 → A = {13; 22; 33}
3. F(2) > 0 ............ (V) f(x) = 3x2 + 3x + 1
62 – 3 = 33
• f(3) = 3(3)2 + 3(3) + 1 = 37


4. F(5) = 9 ............ (V)
R = {(13; n)(m; m)(33; p)(m; p)(p; m)} f(3) + f(4) = 98
↓ ↓ ↓ Reflexiva f(4) = 3(4)2 + 3(4) + 1 = 61
Clave B
13 22 33 8 F(x) = x2 – 2x + 1 + 2x + 3
\ n + m + p = 13 + 22 + 33 = 68 F(x) = x2 +4
Clave D 1. F(–2) < F(2) 8 f = {(1; 2), (2; 4), (3; 6), (4; 8), (5; 10)}
8 < 8 ........ (F)
1. (V) 2. (V)
14 Entonces es cierto 2. F(–3) = F(3)
3. (V) f(x) = 2x  2f(x) = 4x
13 = 13 ...... (V)
1. R es reflexiva
 f(2x) = 2(2x) = 4x  2f(x) = f(2x)
3. F(–5) > F(2)
2. R es simétrica
24 > 8 ........ (V) Clave E
3. R es transitiva
R = {(2; 2)(3; 3)(3; 5)(3; 7)(5; 3)(5; 5)(5; 7)
(7; 3)(7; 5)(7; 7)} 9 b=4 ∧ c=6 9 f(x) = x + 2  f = {(1; 3), (2; 4), (3; 5)}
Clave E R = {6 + c ; c; b}
 Ran f = {3; 4; 5}  3 + 4 + 5 = 12
 b + c + c + b = 2(b+ c) = 2(10) = 20
Clave C
15 1. R es reflexiva
2. R es simétrica
10 x = 1  (1 + 1)(1 – 1) + 1 = 1
10 • f(x) = mx + 4  f(3) = 22  3m + 4 = 22
3. R es transitiva x = 2  (2 + 1)(2 – 1) + 1 = 2
 m = 6  f(x) = 6x + 4
4. R es equivalente x = 3  (3 + 1)(3 – 1) + 1 = 3
• f(5) = 6(5) + 4 = 34


\ Cumple 4
Clave E  R(h) = {1; 2; 3}  1 + 2 + 3 = 6 f(5) + f(4) – f(2)
f(4) = 6(4) + 4 = 28
= 34 + 28 – 16 = 46
f(2) = 6(2) + 4 = 16
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO Clave E
ACTIVIDADES CAP 21
FUNCIONES 1 f función  (2; 5) = (2; a)
 a = 5  (4; 7) = (4; b)  b = 7 TAREA
1 f  es función \ a + b = 5 + 7 = 12
g  no es función Clave C 1 DF = {2; 4; 7; –2}
h  si es función RF = {3; 6; –1}
2 1. Es función 2. Es función
2 3a – 1 = 8 ∧ 3b = 6 3. (2; 2) y (2; 3)  R3  No es función 2 DF = {–2; –1; 1; 2; 3}
a=3 b=2 RF = {2}
Clave D
a–b=3–2=1
3 F = {(1; 1)(2; 3)(3; 5)}
3 4a – b = 3 ∧ b = 1 3 Dom f  Ran f = {0; 1; 2; 3}  {1; 2} = {1; 2}
a) DF = {1; 2; 3}
a=1
\1+2=3 b) RF = {1; 3; 5}
a+b=1+1=2 Clave A

4 (2; 5) ∈ f → 5 = a(2)2 – 2(2) + 1

4 F(1) = 2(1) = 2  No 4 1. f = {(2; 2), (3; 4), (4; 5), (5; 3)} es función 5 = 4a – 4 + 1
F(1) = 2(2) = 4  (2; 4) 2. (F) 3. (F) 8 = 4a → a = 2
F(3) = 2(3) = 6  (3; 6) Clave A f(x) = 2x2 – 2x + 1

2 31
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

 f(3) = 2(3)2 – 2(3) + 1 = 18 – 6 + 1 = 13 3

8 1. f(2) = 2(2) + 4 = 3 8 = 2 es correcto ACTIVIDADES CAP 22
 f(–5) = 2(–5)2 – 2(–5) + 1 = 50 + 10 + 1 = 61 2. f(7) = 3 2(7) + 4 = 3 18 ≠ 5 incorrecto
\ f(3) + f(–5) = 13 + 61 = 74
FUNCIONES LINEALES
\ II es incorrecto
Clave A
1
a)
lineal d) afín
REFORZANDO 9 f = {(2; 2a – 1)(2a; b)(2; 5)(a; b)} b)
afín e) lineal
c)
lineal f) lineal
2a – 1 = 5
1 f(0) = 1 f(1) = 2 f(2) = 3
2a = 6
 f(0) ⋅ f(1) + f(1) ⋅ f(2) + f(2) ⋅ f(0) a = 3 2 a) x 0 1 2 3 4 5

= (1)(2) + (2)(3) + (3)(1)
f = {(2; 5)(6; b)(3; b)} f(x) 3 5 7 9 11 13

= 2 + 6 + 3 = 11
Clave E Df = {(2; 6; 3}
b) x 0 1 2 3 4
 2 + 6 + 3= 11
2 \ Solo la F Clave A
Clave D g(x) 1 8/5 11/5 14/5 17/5

10 x = 1 → y = 1 + 2 = 3 ∈ B → (1; 3)
3 f(1) = 2 f(2) = 4 f(3) = 5 x = 2 → y = 2 + 2 = 4 ∈ B → (2; 4) 3 a)
b)
Y F(x) = 3x Y
2+4 6 x = 3 → y = 3 + 2 = 5 ∈ B → (3; 5)
 L= = \L=1 3 3 g(x) = 2x + 1
1+5 6 Clave A x = 4 → y = 4 + 2 = 6 ∈ B → (4; 6)
1
f = {(1; 3)(2; 4)(3; 5)(4; 6)}
1 X 1 X
4 f = {(2; a – 1)(3; b + 1)(2; 2)(3; 3)(a + b; a) Rf = {3; 4; 5; 6}
 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 18
(2a; 2b)(2b; a + b)} Clave D
a–1=2 ∧ b+1=3 4 4 6 8 10 12 20
a = 3 b=2
11 F(2) = 3 – 1 = 2 60 90 120 150 180 300
 f = {(2; 2)(3; 3)(5; 3)(6; 4)(4; 5)} F(3) = 3 – 2 = 1
Df = {2; 3; 5; 6; 4}  F = {(1; 3)(2; 2)(3; 1)}  F(x) = 15x

 2 + 3 + 5 + 6 + 4 = 20 RF = {3; 2; 1}
Clave B
3+2+1=6
Clave C 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
5 x = 1 → y = 1 + 3 = 4 ∈ B → (1; 4) 25 35 45 55 65 75
x = 3 → y = 3 + 3 = 6 ∈ B → (3; 6) 12 R = {(1; 1)(2; 3)}
 F(x) = 25 + 10x
x=5→y=3+5=8∉B Dom(R) = {1; 2}
x = 7 → y = 7 + 3 = 10 ∈ B → (7; 10) \ El mayor valor es 2
Clave B 6 (0; 4) ∈F(x) = ax + b=4
f = {(1; 4)(3; 6)(7; 10)}
F(2) = 10  2a + b = 10  a = 3
Rf = {4; 6; 10}
13 x = 3 → y = 3(3) – 4 = 5 ∈ A → (3; 5)
 F(x) = 3x + 4
 4 + 6 + 10 = 20
Clave E x = 5 → y = 3(5) – 4 = 11 ∉ A
x = 6 → y = 3(6) – 4 = 14 ∉ A
f = {(3; 5)} 7 F(x) = ax + b
6 f = {(2; 3)(3; a – b)(2; a + b))(3; 1)}
 (–2; 3) ∈ F(x)  –2a + b = 3 a = 3/4
\ Rf = {5}
a+b=3 a=2 Clave B  (2; 6) ∈ F(x)  2a + b = 6 b = 9/2
a–b=1 b=1 3x 9
 F(x) = +
Entonces: 14 a–1=2 a=3 4 2
J = {(2; 1)(–1; 5)(5; –1))(3; 5)} b+1=3 b=2
f = {(2; 2)(3; 3)(5; 3)(6; 2)(4; 6)}
M = {(3; 1)(1; 3)(3; 8))(9; 3)} 8
Domf = {2; 3; 4; 5; 6} 9
Q = {(3; 5)(9; 7)(1; 2))(10; 3b)}
\JyQ \La suma es 20
Clave D Clave A

7 (1; 0) ∈ f(x) → 0 = (1)2 – 1 15 f (x) = x – 2a  f (x) = 1 – 2a  a = –1 0 3

0=0
3 9×3
(–2; 3) ∈ f(x) → 3 = (–2)2 – 1 A= = 13,5
 f (a) = a – 2a  b = 1 2
3=3
b
(–3; 8) ∈ f(x) → 8 = (–3)2 – 1
8=8 f = {(–1; 1)(3; 5)(1; 3)(2; 4)} 9 4x – 11 = x – 2

(2; 1) ∈ f(x) → 1 = (2)2 –1 Domf = {–1; 1; 2; 3} 3x = 9

1 ≠ 3 Ranf = {1; 3; 4; 5} x = 3  6 (1) = 3 – 2 = 1
\(2; 1) ∉ f Domf ∩ Ranf {1; 3}  (3; 1)
Clave D Clave D a b M=a+b=3+1=4

32 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

2(3) – 1 5 → (9; 25) ∈ f(x)

10 3m + b = 2 E) f(3) = =  (3; 6)  f
– 3 3
–2m + b = –1 • x = 7 → 3(7) – 2 = 21 – 2 = 19
Clave E
5m = 3 → (7; 19) ≠ (7; 23) ∉ f(x)
3 \ (7; 23)
m=
5 9 f(x) = 2x + 1  f(a) = 7  2(a) + 1 = 7
 a=3

CUADERNO DE TRABAJO 2f(a) = 2f(3) = 2(2 · 3 + 1) = 14 REFORZANDO

f(2a) = f(6) = 2 · 6 + 1 = 13
1 a) f(x) = 2x + 1 afín b) f(x) =
x 1
– afín \ 2f(a) + f(2a) = 27
1 Función lineal afín: f(x) = ax + b
2 2 Clave E y=x–2
Clave C Clave D
10 Sea f(x) = ax + b
2 • f(x) = 2x + b  f(3) = 10  2(3) + b = 10 • f(1) = –1  a + b = –1 a = 3  b = –4 2 x = 1 → 40 = 40(1)


 b = 4  f(x) = 2x + 4 • f(3) = 5  3a + b = 5  f(x) = 3x – 4 x = 2 → 80 = 40(2)
• f(4) + f(5) = (2 · 4 + 4) + (2 · 5 + 4) = 26 x = 3 → 120 = 40(3)
\ f(6) = 3(6) – 4 = 14  (6; 15)  f
 f(x) = 40x
Clave C Clave E
x = 1 → 3 = 3(1)

3 f = {(x; 3x)}  (0; 0)  (1; 3)  f x = 2 → 6 = 3(2)

Clave C TAREA x = 3 → 9 = 3(3)

 f(x) = 3x

4 • a = f(2)  a = 2(2) – 3  a = 1
1 a) x = 0 → F(0) = 2 Y \ f(x) = 40x; f(x) = 3x
x = 2 → F(2) = 3
4 y = 40x ∧ y = 3x
• f(b) = 11  2b – 3 = 11  b = 7 3 Clave C
x = 4 → F(4) = 4
2
\a+b=1+7=8 1
Clave B X
x 0
f(x) = +2 1 2 3 4 5 3 Y
2
5 Sea f(x) = ax + b
b) x = 1 → F(1) = 1 Y X
• f(1) = –5  a + b = –5 a = 2  b = –7 Clave C


x = 2 → F(2) = 3
5
4
• f(4) = 1  4a + b = 1  f(x) = 2x – 7 3
x = 3 → F(3) = 5
2
Clave D 1
4 Sea f(x) = 15 + 10x
X
f(x) = 2x – 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
x = costo del plato de comida
6 f(x) = ax + b a) x = 3  f(3) = 15 + 10(3) = 45
f(0) = –4  a(0) + b = –4 b = –4  a = 3 2 9 = m(2) + 3 → m = 3  f(x) = 3x + 3 b) y = 10x + 15


f(3) = 5  3a + b = 5  f(x) = 3x – 4 a) f(3) = 3(3) + 3 = 12 \ S/. 45; y = 10x + 15

Clave C
\ f(–1) + f(5) = (3(–1) – 4) + 3 · 5 – 4 = 4 b) f(–2) = 3(–2) + 3 = –3
c) f(–4) = 3(–4) + 3 = –9
Clave B
5 Sin tarjeta Con tarjeta
f(x) = 8x f(x) = 5 + 6x
7 f lineal  f(x) = mx  f(6) = 4  6m = 4 3 (3; 0) ∈ f(x) → 0 = 3m + b
1. x = 2
2 (6; 1) ∈ f(x) → 1 = 6m + b
 m= f(2) = 8(2) = 16
f(2) = 5 + 6(2) = 17
3 1
m= b = –1 Como 16 < 17 (no conviene la tarjeta)
2 3
1. (V) f(–3) = (–3) = –2 x verdadero
3  f(x) = – 1
3 2. x = 3
2
2. (V) f(0) = (0) = 0 1 1 1 –8
3 • f(m) = f   = – 1 = – 1 = f(3) = 8(3) = 24 f(3) = 5 + 6(3) = 23
3 3 9 9
2 3 Como 24 > 23 (si conviene la tarjeta)
3. (V) f(6) = (6) = 4
3 Clave A –1 –4 verdadero
• f(b) = f(–1) = –1=
3 3 3. 8x ≠ 5 + 6x  es falso
2x – 1
8 f(x) = \ f(m) + f(b) =
–8 –4 –20
+ = \ Solo 1 y 2
3 9 3 9 Clave C
2(2) – 1
A) f(2) = = 1  (2; 1)  f
3 4 f(x) = 3x – 2 6 7x – 4 = 24 → x = 4
2(8) – 1 • x = 0 → 3(0) – 2 = 0 – 2 = –2 7x – 4 = 31→ x = 5
B) f(8) = = 5  (8; 5)  f 7x – 4 = 38 → x = 6
3 → (0; –2) ∈ f(x)
7x – 4 = 45 → x = 7
2(14) – 1
C) f(14) = = 9  (14; 9)  f • x = –1 → 3(–1) – 2 = –3 – 2 = –5 DF = {4; 5; 6; 7}
3
→ (–1; –5) ∈ f(x)
2(–1) – 1 \ 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 22
D) f(–1) = = –1  (–1; 1)  f Clave D
3 • x = 9 → 3(9) – 2 = 27 – 2 = 25

2 33
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

7 x = 0  a = –2(0) + 4  a = 4 13 0 < 4 – x < 3 ......(–1) 10 D(f) = [–2; 7 ]

y = 0  0 = –2b + 4  b = 2 –3 < x – 4 < 0 ......(+4) R(f) = [1; 4]
\ ab = 42 = 16 –3 + 4 < x – 4 + 4 < 0 + 4
Clave C 1 < x < 4
\ DF = 1; 4 –2 1 4 7
Clave E
8 Sea la función: f(x) = ax + b
 D(f)  R(f) = [1; 4]
x=1 1=a+b
x = 4  –5 = 4a + b
restando 14 Igualando:
 F(x) = G(x)
6 = –3a

CUADERNO DE TRAB AJO
a = –2 ∧ b = 3 5x – 2 = 3x + 4

 f(x) = –2x + 3
2x = 6 1 3 no es función, solo 1 y 2.
x = 3 Clave C
f(2) = –2(2) + 3
= –4 + 3  F(3) = 5(3) – 2 = 15 – 2 = 13
= –1 \ (3; 13) 2 1, 2 y 3 son funciones.
Clave B Clave E Clave E

9 x = 0  f(x) =
0–1
15 θ = 0  f(x) = βx 3 f(2) + f(1) – 3f(3) = 5 + 7 – 3(5) = –3
2
x = 1  1 = β(1)  β = 1 Clave C
–1  1
f(x) =  0–  x = 3  α = β(3)  α = 3
2  2
\α+β=1+3=4 4 3 no es función, solo 1 y 2.
x–1 Clave A
y=0 0= Clave C
2
x = 1  (1; 0)
–1 – 1 5 f(–3) + 2f(4) – f(6) = (–2) + 2(0) – (0) = –2
x = –1  f(–1) =
2
= –1  (–1; –1) ACTIVIDADES CAP 23
Y
Clave D
GRÁFICA DE FUNCIONES
X b + b 2b b 6 f(2) + f(f(4)) = 2 + f(6) = 2 + 4 = 6
1 1 M=
2(a)
= =
2a a
1 Clave E
–1
2
Clave A
2 1. Si
2. No 7 f(f(6)) + f(f(0)) = f(0) + f(2) = 2 + 0 = 2
Clave A
10 Por ser lineal: F(x) = ax + b
 F(1) = 5  a + b = 5 a=2
3 f(0) – f(3) + f(5) + f(6)
2–4+2+0=0 8 f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + ... + f(100)
 F(3) = 9  3a + b = 9 b = 3
= 
3 + 3 + 3 + ... + 3 = 300
F(x) = 2x + 3 4 F(5) = 2  G(F(5)) = G(2) = 8
100 tnos. Clave D
\ F(5) = 2(5) + 3 = 13 G(4) = m
G(2) = 8  F(6(2)) = F(8) = 2
\ Los 2 juntos 9 f(g(6)) + g(f(–1)) = f(2) + g(6) = 5 + 2 = 7
Clave D  G(F(5)) + G(4) = F(G(2))
8+m=2 Clave C
11 Y
m = – 6
x = 0  f(0) = 3 10 f(g(8)) + g(f(5)) = f(3) + g(8) = 6 + 3 = 9
3 G(F(2)) + G(F(4))

2 x = 2  f( 2 ) = 2 5 J= 2F(4) Clave D
X
2 G(6) + G(3) 2 + 4 6
J= = = =1
Clave A 2(3) 6 6
TAREA
6 L = G(2) + G(7) – G(5)
1
12 F(x) = 2x – 4 1. y 2.
L=6+8–8
 DF: 0 < x < 4 ........(x2)
L=6
0 < 2x < 8 ........(–4) 2 a) f(4) = 6  f(4) + g(6) = 9
–4 < 2x – 4 < 4 g(6) = 3
F(x) 7 H = f(2) + f(g(4)) – g(2) b) f(g(6)) = f(3) = 5
\ RF = –4; 4 H = 3 + f(2) – 5 c) g(f(4)) = g(6) = 3
↓ ↓ H=3+3–5=1
a b
3 1. y 2.
 M = 2a + b f(3) + g(3) 8 + 2 10 5
= 2(–4) + 4
8 = =
f(4) + g(2) 5 + 3 8
=
4
= –8 + 4 4 a) f(2) = 6
= – 4 b) f(f(0)) = f(4) = 2
Clave D F(3) + F(1) 6 + 2 8
9
F(2)
=
4
= =2
4
c) f(f(f(8))) = f(f(2)) = f(6) = 4

34 2
 SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2° EDITORIAL INGENIO

Y Si x = 0
REFORZANDO 12
 F(0) = 87,5 Aprox. 88
No es función
a+b
1 K=
a+b
=1
X 8 (50; 4600)
Clave A
(70; 6400)
Clave B
F(x) = ax + b
6+8 14 14
2 N= = =
2(3) + 1 6 + 1 7
=2 4600= 50a + b a = 90
13 1. (F) 2. (V) 3. (F) 6400 = 70a + b b = 100
Clave B Clave E
 F(x) = 90x + 100 x = cantidad
x = 0  F(6) = 100  costo fijo
3 Y
14 f(f(f(2))) + f(f(3)) + f(4) = 2 + 3 + 1 = 6
Clave E
Es función
9 A: F(x) = 20 + 2,5x
X B: F(x) = 30 + 2x
Clave D 15 P = F(1) + G(5) – G(F(2))
P=4+8–8
P=4 10 (10; 20)
4 a) si Clave E fijo: 50
b) si F(x) = 50 + 2x x = peso en gramos
 ambos
Clave C
ACTIVIDADES CAP 24
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
MODELACIÓN DE FUNCIONES
5 Y Y
No 1 El costo es: F(x) = 4000 + 8x  x = 30
No 1 x: costo por kg.
F(30) = 4000 + 8(30)  F(30) = 4000 + 240
X X F(x) = 5000 + 180x
F(30) = 4240
Clave C
2 V(x) = 3x + 10 ; x = años
 ninguno x=1 2 90 = 8x + y
Clave D 70 = 6x + y
 V(1) = 3(1) + 10 = 13
20 = 2x  x = 10 ∧ y = 10
6 f(1) = 8; f(3) = 2; f(5) = 4; f(9) = 6 3 x: m3 de agua \ 130 = 10x + 10  x = 12
H=8+2–4–6 F(x) = 20 + 5x ; x = 300m3 Clave C
H=0 F(x) = 20 + 5(300)
Clave A 3 Costo = 3x1 + 5x2
F(x) = 1520
g = 6(x1 + x2) – (3x1 + 5x2)  g = 3x1 + x2
Y
7
4 x: # visita al consultorio Clave D
F(x) = 45 + 15x
Si

4 • Dato: 2x + 2g = 160  x + g = 80
X
 g = 80 – x x
5 F(x) = ax + b
Clave A • Área = xg g g
(40; 12)  12 = 40a + b a = –2/5 A = x(80 – x)
(25; 18)  18 = 25a + b b = 28 x
A(x) = 80x – x2
8 RF ={2; 0}
–2
 F(x) = x + 28 Clave D
2+0=2 5
Clave A cantidad
5 En 2 minutos disminuye:
55 °C – 35 °C = 20 °C
9 = (2)(7) – 1 – 3 – 2 6 y = 400x – x2
= 14 – 1 – 3 – 2 y= (200)2 – (200 – x)2 En 1 minuto disminuye: 20 °C ÷ 2 = 10 °C

=8 0 En t minutos disminuye: (10t) °C

Clave A x = 200 \ Temperatura = (55 – 10t) °C (t < 5)
y = 40000
Clave D
10 f(1) = 5  g(f (1)) = g(5) = 6
f(3) = 2  g(f (31)) = g(2) = 4 7 (300; 50) 6 El pago mensual es: m
(372; 41) m
5 + 6 11 El pago adicional diario es: 2% m =
 =  F(x) = ax + b 50
2+4 6 Clave C dm
300a + b = 50 a = –1/8 Al pasar d días el adicional es:
50
372a + b = 41 b = 87,5
dm
11 RF = {1, 2}  1+2=3
1
Pagará = m +
50
Clave C  F(x) = – x + 87,5 x = precio Clave A
8

2 35
 EDITORIAL INGENIO SOLUCIONARIO - ÁLGEBRA 2°

? = 1,5(800) + 500
7 Sea la función: 
F(x) = ax
 + b 10 Sea la función: F(x) = ax + b
dósis peso ? = 1700 x = 0 9300 = a(0) + b
Clave C
Dato: x = 3  40 = 3a + b b = 9300
(–)
x = 4  65 = 4a + b x = 3 8100 = 3a + 9300
3 Sea la función: F(x) = 12x
–25 = –a  a = 25  b = –35 a = –400
x = 10
\ F(x) = 25x – 35  f(10) = 12(10) La función es: F(x) = –400x + 9300
Clave C
= 120 Luego de 4 años de uso:
Clave C
P = 9300 – 400⋅4  P = 7700
8 En un día de trabajo su pago es:
12(2,5) + (y – 12)3 = 3y – 6 Puedo venderlo a 7700, luego de 4 años
4 F(x) = ax + b de uso.
En x días de trabajo: c = x(3y – 6) x = 10 2,20 = 10a + b Clave C
Clave E x = 20 3,80 = 20a + b
–1,60 = –10a 11 En A: a horas B: (a – x) horas
9 G(x) = 2502 – (x
– 250)2 4x 3 Costo → 20a 15(a – x)
\ F(x) = +
0 25 5 Clave A  F(x) = 20a + 15(a – x)
G(x) = 62500 y x = 250
Clave C Clave E
5 • 500 = 50x + y
10 Sea p = aq + b 750 = 100x + y 12 F(x) = ax + b
250 = 50x  x = 5 x = 375  95 = 375a + b
q = 3000: 940 = 3000a + b
(–) y = 250 x = 552  130,4 = 552a + b
q = 2200: 740 = 2200a + b
1 –35,4 = –177a
200 = 800a  a =  b = 190 • 1000 = a(5) + 250
4
q \ a = 150 1
\ p = + 190 a= ∧ b = 20
4 Clave C 5
Clave A
x
\ F(x) = + 20
5
6 F(x) = 1,5x – 4
420
Clave D
TAREA x = 420  F(x) =
5
+ 20

P = 84 + 20
1 4L = P  L =
4 7 F(x) = ax + b = 104
P 2 P2 x = 10 80 = 10a + b Clave D
\ Área =   =
4 16 x = 20 60 = 20a + b
20 = –10a 13 Sea la función: F(x) = 7 + 0,50x
a = –2 ∧ b = 100
2 C = 30 + x(10) = 30 + 10x x = 30 minutos
\ F(x) = –2x + 100
F(x) = 7 + 0,50(30)
Si F(x) = 70
3 P = 40 + (m – 1)25 F(x) = 7 + 15
 70 = –2x + 100 = 22
P = 25m + 15
2x = 30 Clave E
x = 15
4 y = ax + b Clave B
1000 = 2400 a + b 14 5(x) = 40x + 600
800 = 2000 a + b Para x = 24
8 Sea F(x) = ax + b
200 = 400 a 5(24) = 40(24) + 600
x = 0  100 = a(0) + b
1 b = 100 = 1560
=a
2 F(x) = 0  0 = a(50) + 100 Clave B
–200 = b a = –2

\y=
x
– 200
\ F(x) = –2 x + 100 15 Y
2 Si F(x) = 20
 20 = –2x + 100 6 y
REFORZANDO 2x = 80 x–6
X
x = 40
Clave E (x – 6)2 + y2 = 62
1 P = 1200 – 2q
P = 1200 – 2(300)
x2 – 12x + 36 + y2 = 36
P = 600 9 I = x [120 + 0,5(y – 20)] y2 = 12x – x2
Clave E I = x [120 + 0,5y – 10]
y2 = x(12 – x)
I = x [110 + 0,5y]
2 1000 = 1,5(500) + y  y = 250 y = x(12 – x)
I = 110x + 0,5xy
? = 1,5(800) + 2y Clave E Clave B

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