EXERCISES [MAI 1.2-1.

3]
EXPONENTS – SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
SOLUTIONS
Compiled by: Christos Nikolaidis

A. Paper 1 questions (SHORT)

EXPONENTS
1.
1 1
3 3 = 27 3 −2 = 3 −3 =
9 27
2 2 3
1 1 2 4 2 8
  =   =   =
3 9 3 9 3 27
−2 −2 −3
1 2 9 2 27
  =9   =   =
3 3 4 3 8
1
1 3 − 1
4 2 =
42 =2 42 =8 2
1 1
− 1
1
2 =  25  2 5
25 2 =5 25   =
5  4  2
2.
1
3 2 × 2 3 = 72 3 5 × 3 −3 = 9 3 −5 × 3 3 =
9
54 × 23 74 × 72
30 + 0 3 = 1 = 10 =1
2 2 × 53 7 × 77
8 3 2 −1 3
3 −1 × 2 3 = 3 × 2 −3 = −1
=
3 8 3 2
3.
1
30 2 15 −2 12 2
=4 =4 =2
30 − 2
1
15 2 3 2

1 3 1
7 0.3 × 7 0.7 = 7 7 2 × 7 2 = 49 7 −2 × 7 =
7
2 3 × 33 4 3 × 33
7 2 × 7 −1 = 7 =1 =8
63 63
4.
1
a6a2 = a8 a6a = a7 (a 2 ) 6 = a 3
a6
(a ) = a
6 2 12
(a ) = a
2 6 12
a 2
= a4

a2a6 a 2b6
a 2a3a = a 6 = a3 = a5
a5 b 2 a −3 b 4
5 10
 3  3
a 5  = a3
 
a 5  = a6
 
(a )=1 = 2
= a2
   

x + 3 1− x a n+5 a −8
a a = a4 n+3
= a2 −10
= a2
a a

1
5.

A 6 B 3 C 10 4 2 5
5 2
= A B C
C A B

A 2 B + AB 3
= A+ B
2
AB

2 A + A(4 B ) + (2 A) 2
= 1 + 2B + 2 A
2A

A4 B 3 + A3 B 4 3 3
= A B
A+ B

6.
e = 2.72 π = 3.14
2 e = 5.44 2 π = 6.28

e 2 = 7.39 π 2 = 9.87
π
e = 1.65 = 1.16
e
e
3
e 2 = 1.95 = 0.865
π
7. 1 (d) 2 (e) 3 (c) 4 (b) 5 (g) 6 (a) 7 (f)

8. (a) 2 2 x = 21− x ⇔ 2 x = 1 − x ⇔ 3 x = 1 ⇔ x = 1 / 3

(b) 2 2 x = 81− x ⇔ 2 2 x = 2 3−3 x ⇔ 2 x = 3 − 3 x ⇔ 5 x = 3 ⇔ x = 3 / 5

(c) 4 2 x = 81− x ⇔ 2 4 x = 2 3−3 x ⇔ 4 x = 3 − 3 x ⇔ 7 x = 3 ⇔ x = 3 / 7

(d) 8 x + 3 = 16 x ⇔ 2 3 x + 9 = 2 4 x ⇔ 3 x + 9 = 4 x ⇔ x = 9

1
(e) x
= 4 x −3 ⇔ 2 − x = 2 2 x − 6 ⇔ − x = 2 x − 6 ⇔ 6 = 3 x ⇔ x = 2
2

x
x
(f) 2 x = 41− x ⇔ 2 2 = 2 2 − 2 x ⇔ = 2 − 2x ⇔ x = 4 − 4x ⇔ 5x = 4 ⇔ x = 4 / 5
2

9. (a) 25 x +1 = 5 3 ⇔ 5 2 x + 2 = 5 3 ⇔ 2 x + 2 = 3 ⇔ 2 x = 1 ⇔ x = 1 / 2
1
(b) 25 x +1 = ⇔ 5 2 x + 2 = 5 − x ⇔ 2 x + 2 = − x ⇔ 3 x = −2 ⇔ x = −2 / 3
5x
x
x
(c) 25 x +1 = 5 x ⇔ 5 2 x + 2 = 5 2 ⇔ 2 x + 2 = ⇔ 4 x + 4 = x ⇔ 3 x = −4 ⇔ x = −4 / 3
2
2
−5 x 2
−5 x
(d) 7 x =1 ⇔ 7x = 7 0 ⇔ x 2 − 5 x = 0 ⇔ x ( x − 5) = 0 ⇔ x = 0 or x = 5

10. 9 2 x = 27 (1− x ) ⇔ 9 2 x = 9 3−3 x ⇔ 2 x = 3 − 3 x ⇔ 5 x = 3 ⇔ x = 3 / 5

2x
x–1 1 1
11. 9 =  ⇒ 32x–2 = 3–2x ⇒ 2x – 2 = –2x ⇒ x =
3 2

2
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

12. (a) x = 4, y = 7

(b) a = 3.7, b = 4.7

13. (a) x = 4, y = 7, z = – 2

(b) a = 1, b = 2, c = 3

14. x = 2, y = 5

15. x = 2, y = 7

16. (a) A+B+C= 20

2A+3B= 41

A-C = 7

(b) A=10, B=7, C=3

(c) Indeed, the sum of 10, 7, 3 is 20

The sum of 2A and 3B is 20+21=41

10 is 7 more than 3