9781133110873_0802.

qxp 3/10/12 6:57 AM Page 403

8.2 Exercises 403

8.2 Exercises
Finding the Conjugate In Exercises 1–6, find the Finding the Inverse of a Complex Matrix In Exercises
complex conjugate z and geometrically represent both 31–36, determine whether the complex matrix A has an
z and z. inverse. If A is invertible, find its inverse and verify that
1. z # 6 " 3i 2. z # 2 ! 5i AA"1 ! I.

( ) ( )
3. z # "8i 4. z # 2i 6 3i 2i "2 " i
31. A # 32. A #
5. z # 4 6. z # "3 2"i i 3 3i

33. A # (
1 1 ! i)
34. A # ( )
1"i 2 1"i 2
Finding the Modulus In Exercises 7–12, find the 0 1!i
indicated modulus, where z ! 2 # i, w ! "3 # 2i, and

( ) ( )
i 0 0 1 0 0
v ! "5i.
35. A # 0 i 0 36. A # 0 1"i 0
7. z '' 8. z2 ' ' 0 0 i 0 0 1!i
9. zw' ' 10. wz ' ' Singular Matrices In Exercises 37 and 38, determine
11. v '' 12. zv 2 ' ' all values of the complex number z for which A is
13. Verify that 'wz' # 'w''z' # 'zw', where z # 1 ! i and singular. (Hint: Set det*A+ ! 0 and solve for z.)

( )
w # "1 ! 2i. 2 2i 1 " i
( )
5 z
' ' ' '' ' ' '' '
14. Verify that zv 2 # z v 2 # z v 2, where z # 1 ! 2i 37. A #
3i 2 " i
38. A # 1 " i 1 ! i z
and v # "2 " 3i. 1 0 0

Dividing Complex Numbers In Exercises 15 – 20, 39. Proof Prove that z # z if and only if z is real.
perform the indicated operations.
2!i 1 1!i
15. 16. 40. Consider the quotient.
i 6 ! 3i 6 " 2i
3 " "2i 5!i (a) Without performing any calculations, describe
17. 18.
3 ! "2i 4!i how to find the quotient.
$2 ! i&$3 " i& 3"i (b) Explain why the process described in part (a)
19. 20. results in a complex number of the form a ! bi.
4 " 2i $2 " i&$5 ! 2i&
(c) Find the quotient.
Operations with Complex Rational Expressions In
Exercises 21–24, perform the operation and write the
result in standard form. 41. Proof Prove that for any two complex numbers z and
w, each of the statements below is true.
2 3 2i 5
21. "
1!i 1"i
22. !
2!i 2"i ' ' ' '' '
(a) zw # z w

i 2i 1!i 3 ' ' ''' '

(b) If w % 0, then z%w # z % w .
23. ! 24. " 42. Graphical Interpretation Describe the set of
3"i 3!i i 4"i
points in the complex plane that satisfies each of the
Finding Zeros In Exercises 25–28, use the given zero to statements below.
find all zeros of the polynomial function. ''
(a) z # 3 '
(b) z " 1 ! i # 5 '
25. p$x& # 3x3 " 4x2 ! 8x ! 8 Zero: 1 " "3i ' '
(c) z " i $ 2 (d) 2 $ z $ 5 ''
26. p$x& # 4x ! 23x ! 34x " 10
3 2 Zero: "3 ! i 43. (a) Evaluate $1%i& for n # 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
n

27. p$x& # x ! 3x " 5x " 21x ! 22 Zero: "3 ! "2i

4 3 2 (b) Calculate $1%i&2000 and $1%i&2010.
28. p$x& # x3 ! 4x2 ! 14x ! 20 Zero: "1 " 3i (c) Find a general formula for $1%i&n for any positive
integer n.
Powers of Complex Numbers In Exercises 29 and 30,
! #
1!i 2
find each power of the complex number z. 44. (a) Verify that # i.
"2
(a) z 2 (b) z 3 (c) z"1 (d) z"2
(b) Find the two square roots of i.
29. z # 2 " i 30. z # 1 ! i
(c) Find all zeros of the polynomial x 4 ! 1.