Volume

1 of 1

REVERSE OSMOSIS – EDI OPERATING MANUAL

March 23, 2016

Customer: Purification Y Analisis de Fluidos Ltda.

End User: Columbia

RO-EDIDEMINSYSTEM
AGAPE WATER SOLUTIONS PROJECT: 16-103
 AGAPE WATER SOLUTIONS, INC.

RO-EDI SYSTEM OWNER’S MANUAL

Agape Water Solutions, Inc.

1567 Gehman Road
Harleysville, PA 19438
Phone 215.631.7035 • Fax 215.631.7034
www.agapewater.com

Mar 23, 2016

 WARNING:
FOLLOW THIS MANUAL CAREFULLY

The operation and maintenance manual is believed to provide accurate information to meet your
operation and maintenance needs based on the information available at the time of publication. Agape
Water Solutions, Inc. reserves the right to make engineering refinements that may not be reflected in
these manuals. The material in these manuals is for informational purposes and is subject to change
without notice.

The procedures in this manual are specific to the water treatment system supplied by Agape Water
Solutions, Inc. and must be followed at all times.

The information in this manual is accurate at the time of publication but may not cover all operating
details or variations or provide for all conditions in connection with installation, operation and
maintenance. Agape Water Solutions, Inc. assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this
document. Should questions arise, contact Agape Water Solutions, Inc. immediately.

The customer is responsible for ensuring this manual is always available and followed by all installation,
operation, maintenance and service personnel and any other person in contact with this system. The user
accepts all responsibly for any noncompliance outside this manual. In no event shall Agape Water
Solutions, Inc. be liable for incidental or consequential damages in connection with, or arising from the
use of this manual.

ii
 The water treatment system should not be used at any time by untrained or inexperienced individuals. DO
NOT ATTEMPT TO OPERATE THE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM UNLESS YOU
HAVE READ AND THOROUGHLY UNDERSTAND THE ENTIRE CONTENTS OF THIS
MANUAL AND HAVE RECEIVED TRAINING CONCERNING THE OPERATION OF
THE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM.

Agape Water Solutions, Inc. assumes the plant personnel and management are all properly trained in and meet or exceed all
Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations in addition to any state or local Safety
requirements.. The electrical, chemical and mechanical safety recommendations supplied in this manual are for guidance only.
The user is responsible for reviewing the requirements for this system and implementing appropriate procedures as well as
ensuring those procedures are in compliance with necessary codes, regulation and OSHA requirements. It is the user’s
responsibility to know and follow the required procedures. When dealing with chemicals, the MSDS or other chemical
manufacturer’s instructions should be followed.

The system contains contents which are UNDER PRESSURE above atmospheric and/or vacuum below atmospheric.
Direct your attention to your own company's safety policies for details of the protection equipment that you MUST wear,
and the safety systems that MUST be operable, if you are going to work with or near these hazards. DEATH OR
SERIOUS INJURY MAY OCCUR IF APPROPRIATE SAFETY PROCEDURES ARE NOT
FOLLOWED.

Agape Water Solutions, Inc. will not be liable for injuries to any person or damage to equipment or any other loss or damage
whatsoever due to any failure to follow the appropriate safety procedures or the operation set out in this manual or caused by
or as a result of a lack of training, skill, or attention on the part of any person operating or coming in contact with the water
treatment system for which this manual is supplied.

iii
Table of Contents
Equipment Support .................................................................. 2
System Specifications .............................................................. 3
Water Treatment Fundamentals ............................................... 5
Reverse Osmosis Fundamentals ........................................ 18
Electrodeionization Fundamanetals..................................... 24
Process Overview ……………………………………………….28
Safety Precautions ................................................................. 42
Installation .............................................................................. 51
Membrane Loading ............................................................. 58
Cartridge Filter Loading ....................................................... 63
Instrument Calibration ......................................................... 64
Operation ............................................................................... 68
Initial Start Up...................................................................... 68
RO Start Up......................................................................... 69
EDI Start Up ........................................................................ 70
Short Term Storage ............................................................. 72
Long Term Storgae ............................................................. 73
RO-EDI Automatic Control System...................................... 74
Maintenance ........................................................................ 100
Data Logs .......................................................................... 102
Cleaning Procedures ......................................................... 108
RO Cleaning Chemicals .................................................... 111
EDI Cleaning Chemicals ................................................... 115
Troubleshooting ................................................................... 121
Warranty .............................................................................. 125
Appendix A: Spare Parts List............................................... 130
Appendix B: As Built Drawings ........................................... 131
Appendix C: RO and EDI Projections ................................. 132
Appendix D: Ionpure VNX EDI Manual ................................ 133
Appendix E: Instrument Calibration Sheets ........................... 13
Appendix F: Antiscalant MSDS .......................................... 135

Note: Some technical information contained in this manual has been taken
directly from component suppliers publications including Hydranautics, Toray,
Dow FIlmtec, and Siemens/Ionpure. Other information may have been modified
to meet your requirements
Equipment Support
Agape Water Solutions, Inc. has designed this system to be installed, operated and maintained as simple
as possible. However, do not attempt to install, operate or maintain this system if you are at all
uncertain, unclear or do not thoroughly understand the complete contents of this manual. Do not
attempt to continue installation, operation or maintenance if a problem develops. We are available to
assist you with answers by telephone, email or on-site support. You can contact us at:

Agape Water Solutions, Inc.

Phone: (215) 631-7035
Fax: (215) 631-7034

Email: info@agapewater.com

2
System Specifications
The RO-EDI system consists of one (1) semi-automatically controlled trains of Reverse Osmosis (RO)
and Electrodeionization (EDI). The system components have been inspected and functionally tested and
confirmed mechanically, electrically and structurally sound. The performance of the RO membranes and
EDI modules have been individually performance tested, inspected and accepted The system requires
simple utility connections – feed water inlet, product water outlet, drain and power. The simple design
provides efficient, reliable and repeatable performance. The follow specifies the components and design of
the system.

System Operating Specifications

Each System is designed to operate under the following conditions. The system has been designed
based on the inlet water analysis provided in by Purification Y Analisis de Fluidos Ltda. If this water
analysis is not accurate, immediately stop and do not proceed any further until you contact Agape
Water Solutions, Inc

Inlet Flow: 1.03 gpm per train

Inlet Pressure:
Inlet Water Temp:
Source:
45 to 60 psi
Feed water to the system must be consistent +/- 5 psig.
65.7 deg F
Municipally Treated Well Water
Presoftened & Dechlorintated

Parameter – unit Value

pH 6.86 to 7.5
Conductivity – μS/cm 110
‘M’ Alkalinity as CaCO3 – mg/L 18
Total hardness as CaCO3 – mg/L <1
Calcium as CaCO3 – mg/L <0.5
Magnesium as CaCO3 – mg/L <0.5
Iron as Fe – mg/L ND
Copper as Cu –mg/L ND
Barium as Ba – mg/L ND
Strontium as Sr – mg/L ND
Zinc as Zn – mg/L ND
Sodium as Na – mg/L 20
Potassium as K – mg/L 1.69
Ammonium as NH4 – mg/L ND
Chloride as Cl – mg/L 18
Sulfate as SO4 – mg/L 5.94
Nitrate as NO3 – mg/L 1.1
Fluoride – mg/L ND

3
 Silica as SiO3 – mg/L 6.03
Boron as B – mg/L ND
Temperature – F 65
Pressure – Psig 45-60
Silt Density Index (15 minutes) <3
Turbidity - NTU <0.25
Total Inorganic Phosphate – mg/L <0.5
Ortho Phosphate as PO4 – mg/L <0.5
Total Organic Carbon – mg/L <1
Biological Oxygen Demand – mg/L <1
Chemical Oxygen Demand – mg/L <1

ND = Not Detectible

Product Water Flow: 0.6 gpm per train

Outlet Pressure: 10 psi

4
Fundamentals of Reverse Osmosis

Reverse Osmosis is the process of generating pure water by removing dissolved ions and organics
from water through a semi-permeable membrane by use of pressure. Osmosis is the phenomenon
which occurs when pure water flows from a dilute saline solution through a membrane into a higher
concentrated saline solution.

The phenomenon of osmosis is illustrated in the figure below. A semi-permeable membrane is

placed between two compartments. “Semi-permeable” means that the membrane is permeable to
some species, and not permeable to others. Assume that this membrane is permeable to water, but
not to salt. Then, place a salt solution in one compartment and pure water in the other compartment.
The membrane will allow water to permeate through it to either side. But salt cannot pass through
the membrane.

Figure 1

As a fundamental rule of nature, this system will try to reach equilibrium. That is, it will try to reach
the same concentration on both sides of the membrane. The only possible way to reach equilibrium
is for water to pass from the pure water compartment to the salt-containing compartment, to dilute
the salt solution.

Figure 1 also shows that osmosis can cause a rise in the height of the salt solution. This height will
increase until the pressure of the column of water (salt solution) is so high that the force of this water
column stops the water flow. The equilibrium point of this water column height in terms of water
pressure against the membrane is called osmotic pressure.

If a force is applied to this column of water, the direction of water flow through the membrane can
be reversed. This is the basis of the term reverse osmosis. Note that this reversed flow produces pure
water from the salt solution, since the membrane is not permeable to salt.

5
Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements

The construction of a spiral wound RO membrane element as well as its installation in a pressure
vessel is schematically shown in the figure below. An RO element contains from one, to more than
30 membrane leafs, depending on the element diameter and element type. Each leaf is made of two
membrane sheets glued together back-to-back with a permeate spacer in-between them. There is a
side glue line at the feed end and at the concentrate end of the element, and a closing glue line at the
outer diameter of the element. The open side of the leaf is connected to and sealed against the
perforated central part of the product water tube, which collects the permeate from all leaves. The
leaves are rolled up with a sheet of feed spacer between each of them, which provides the channel
for the feed and concentrate flow.

In operation, the feed water enters the face of the element through the feed spacer channels and exits
on the opposite end as concentrate. A part of the feed water – typically 10-20 % – permeates through
the membrane into the leaves and exits the permeate water tube.
When elements are used for high permeate production rates, the pressure drop of the permeate flow
inside the leaves reduces the efficiency of the element. The RO membrane manufacturers optimize
element construction with the actual active membrane area (the area inside the glue lines) and the
thickness of the feed spacer. Element productivity is enhanced by high active area while a thick feed
spacer reduces fouling and increases cleaning success. A cross-section of a permeate water tube with
attached leaves is shown below.

Source: Hydranuatics

6
In membrane systems the elements are placed in series inside of a pressure vessel. The concentrate of
the first element becomes the feed to the second element and so on. The permeate tubes are
connected with inter-connectors (also called couplers), and the combined total permeate exits the
pressure vessel at one side (sometimes at both sides) of the vessel.

Source: Dow Chemical Company

Reverse Osmosis System

In practice, reverse osmosis is a cross-flow filtration process. The simplified process is shown in the
figure below.

Source: Dow Chemical Company

With a high pressure pump, feed water is continuously pumped at elevated pressure to the membrane
system. Within the membrane system, the feed water will be split into a low-saline and/or purified
product (called permeate) and a high saline or concentrated brine (called concentrate or reject). A
flow regulating valve, called a concentrate valve, controls the percentage of feed water that is going to
the concentrate stream and the permeate which will be obtained from the feed.

Factors Affecting RO Membrane Performance

Permeate flux and salt rejection are the key performance parameters of a reverse osmosis or a
nanofiltration process. Under specific reference conditions, flux and rejection are intrinsic properties
of membrane performance. The flux and rejection of a membrane system are mainly influenced by
variable parameters including:

7
• Pressure- With increasing effective feed pressure, the permeate TDS will decrease while
the permeate flux will increase as shown in Figure 1.6.
• Temperature- If the temperature increases and all other parameters are kept constant, the
permeate flux and the salt passage will increase as shown in Figure 1.7.
• Recovery- In the case of increasing recovery, the permeate flux will decrease and stop if
the salt concentration reaches a value where the osmotic pressure of the concentrate is as
high as the applied feed pressure. The salt rejection will drop with increasing recovery
(see Figure 1.8).
• Feed water salt concentration- As the feed water quality worsens, the salt rejection
decreases as shown in Figure 1.9.

Source: Dow Chemical Company

8
Reverse Osmosis Pretreatment
To increase the efficiency and life of reverse osmosis system, effective pretreatment of the feed water
is required. Selection of the proper pretreatment will maximize efficiency and membrane life by
minimizing:
• Fouling
• Scaling
• Membrane degradation
• Optimizing:
• Product flow
• Product quality (salt rejection)
• Product recovery
• Operating & maintenance costs

Fouling is the accumulation of foreign materials from feed water on the active membrane surface
and/or on the feed spacer to the point of causing operational problems. The term fouling includes
the accumulation of all kinds of layers on the membrane and feed spacer surface, including scaling.
More specifically, colloidal fouling refers to the entrapment of particulate or colloidal matter such as
iron flocs or silt, biological fouling (biofouling) is the growth of a biofilm, and organic fouling is the
adsorption of specific organic compounds such as humic substances and oil on to the membrane
surface.

Scaling refers to the precipitation and deposition within the system of sparingly soluble salts
including calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, strontium sulfate and calcium fluoride.

Pretreatment of feed water must involve a total system approach for continuous and reliable
operation. For example, an improperly designed and/or operated clarifier will result in loading the
sand or multimedia filter beyond its operating limits. Such inadequate pretreatment often necessitates
frequent cleaning of the membrane elements to restore productivity and salt rejection. The cost of
cleaning, downtime and lost system performance can be significant.

The proper treatment scheme for feed water depends on:

• Feed water source
• Feed water composition
• Application

The type of pretreatment system depends to a large extent on feed water source (i.e., well water,
surface water, and municipal wastewater). In general, well water is a consistent feed source that has a
low fouling potential. Well water typically requires a very simple pretreatment scheme such as
acidification and/or antiscalant dosing and a 5-μm cartridge filter.

Surface water, on the other hand, is a variable feed water source that is affected by seasonal factors.
It has a high fouling potential, both microbiological and colloidal. Pretreatment for surface water is
more elaborate than pretreatment for well water. Additional pretreatment steps often include
chlorination, coagulation/flocculation, clarification, multimedia filtration, dechlorination,
acidification and/or antiscalant dosing.

9
Electrodeionization Introduction

As the truly the only chemical-free method of producing high purity deionized water, the benefits of
using electrodeionization are:

• Continuous operation, no downtime for regenerations

• Only true chemical-free process, no brine injection required
• One pass operation, no need for concentrate recirculation
• Guaranteed leak free
• Proven technology with 1000’s of systems installed worldwide

EDI Module Components

EDI modules consist of the following components.

• Spacers (Dilute + Concentrate)

• Ion Exchange Resin (Cation + Anion)
• Ion Exchange Membranes (Cation + Anion)
• Electrodes (Cathode + Anode)

In an EDI device, the space within the ion depleting compartments (and in some cases in the ion
concentrating compartments) is filled with electrically active media such as ion exchange resin. The
ion-exchange resin enhances the transport of ions and can also participate as a substrate for
electrochemical reactions, such as splitting of water into hydrogen (H+) and hydroxyl (OH-) ions.

The electrodeionization process uses a combination of ion-selective membranes and ion-exchange

resins sandwiched between two electrodes (anode (+) and cathode (-)) under a DC voltage potential
to remove ions from RO-pretreated water.

Ion-selective membranes operate using the same principle and materials as ion- exchange resins, and
they are used to transport specific ions away from their counter ions. Anion-selective membranes are
permeable to anions but not to cations; cation-selective membranes are permeable to cations but not
to anions. The membranes are not water-permeable.

By spacing alternating layers of anion-selective and cation-selective membranes within a plate-and-

frame module, a "stack" of parallel purifying and concentrating compartments are created. The ion-
selective membranes are fixed to an inert polymer frame, which is filled with mixed ion-exchange
resins to form the purifying chambers. The screens between the purifying chambers form the
concentrating chambers.

This basic repeating element of the EDI, called a "cell-pair", is illustrated in Figure. The "stack" of
cell-pairs is positioned between the two electrodes, which supply the DC potential to the module.
Under the influence of the applied DC voltage potential, ions are transported across the membranes

10
from the purifying chambers into the concentrating chambers. Thus, as water moves through the
purifying chambers, it becomes free of ions. This stream is the pure water product stream.

Source: Ionpure

Electrodeionization Process

Electrodeionization (EDI) is the process of removing ionized or ionizable substances from water
using ion exchange membranes, electrically active media (typically ion exchange resin), and a DC
electric potential. Continuous demineralization in the EDI module consists of three coupled
processes:

1) Feed – Water is feed through a series of alternating dilute and concentrate compartments
with electrode compartments at either end. The feed water (RO permeate) to be deionized is fed
through the dilute feed compartments with a fraction of the flow being diverted to the concentrate
and electrode feed (internal) compartments. The ion exchange resin accepts the ions in the feed
water just as in conventional ion exchange, subject to the usual mass transfer and thermodynamic
equilibrium considerations.

2) Removal – In EDI, the ion exchange resin serves as a bridge for the cations and anions to
travel rather than the conventional method of ion exchange where they are ionically bound and
require chemical to be removed. Electrodes at the end of each Ionpure module produce a DC
electrical field which cause the ions to migrate toward ion selective membrane (AEM and CEM)
through to the adjacent concentrate compartments. Once in the concentrating compartment, the
ions are carried away by the concentrate flow. This process is particular to electrodeionization. The
reject stream is sent to drain or in some cases is recycled back into the process.

3) Regeneration – As the water become more and more pure further down into the dilute
compartment, the electric potential also causes some of the water present to split into hydrogen and
hydroxyl ions which regenerate the ion exchange resins continuously in-situ, without the addition of
chemical reagents. This process is particular to electrodeionization and can proceed even in the

11
absence of ions in the feed water. The result is an EDI module that continually regenerates itself
during operation.

Source: Ionpure

CEM = Cation exchange membrane.

AEM = Anion exchange membrane.
The product stream may also be referred to as the dilute stream.
The reject stream may also be referred to as the concentrate stream.
To facilitate ion transfer in low ionic strength solutions, the dilute compartments, and sometimes the
concentrate compartments, are filled with ion exchange resins. A transverse DC electrical field is
applied by an external power source using electrodes at the bounds of the compartments such that
ions in the liquid are attracted to their respective counter electrodes. The result is that the diluting
compartments are depleted of ions and the concentrating compartments are concentrated with ions.
The figure above is a representation of the process showing two diluting compartments and one
concentrating compartment.

12
Electrodeionization System

An EDI system consists of one or more EDI module, a DC power supply, piping, valves and
instrumentation.
FAL
1

DC power controllers FI AI
1 1

PI PI FE AE
1 3 1 1

CEDI feed
(RO permeate)
HV1 FAL
1 Dilute HV4
FI
SV1 compartments SV2
1
Product
FE PI PI
1 2 Concentrating 4
compartments

HV2
HV3
VNX-X3 Reject

The EDI feed water is sent from the RO. The feed will be split into a dilute feed stream which
produces purified product (called EDI product) and a concentrated brine stream (called concentrate
or reject). A flow regulating valve, called a concentrate valve, controls the percentage of feed water
that is going to the concentrate stream and the dilute stream which will be obtained from the feed.
The concentrate pressure must be 5-10 psi less than the dilute pressure both at the inlet and the
outlet.

EDI Pretreatment Concerns

Critical contaminants that adversely affect the EDI process include hardness (calcium, magnesium),
organics (TOC), particulates and suspended solids (SDI), active metals (iron, manganese), oxidants
(chlorine, ozone), and carbon dioxide (CO2). The pretreatment process designed for the RO/EDI
system should remove these contaminants from the feed water as much as possible. Proper
pretreatment design will greatly enhance EDI performance. Suggested water treatment strategies are
listed throughout this section. The main areas that affect EDI operation and performance are:

• Dechlorination
• Hardness
• CO2 - Carbon Dioxide
• Particulates, Metals and TOC

13
Process Overview
This system is designed to demineralize water using reverse osmosis and
electrodeionization technologies. The water is dechlorinated and presoftened.

Process Description

The feed water source is municipally treated city water, dechlorinated and presoftened by other.
The equipment in this system includes cartridge pre-filtration, reverse osmosis feed pump, reverse
osmosis bank and electrodeionization. Any additional equipment is not included in the scope of this
system and may include storage tanks, forwarding pumps, etc.

The microprocessor controller steps through preprogrammed sequences of operation. This

automatically controls the flow by opening and closing appropriate valves and starting pumps and
mixer motors. The controller also monitors water characteristics to alarm and shut down. This
system operation is called “semi automatic” as the operators will need to manually monitor and
adjust certain components in the system. The steps and alarm setpoints are preprogrammed at the
factory and can be reset in the field if needed.

Cartridge Filters (RO Pre-Filters)

The cartridge filter is also called an RO pre-filter. The cartridge filter protects the RO membranes
from suspended solids particles by filtering the water through tubular elements (cartridges). As the
cartridges capture the suspended solids, the water becomes filtered.

Cartridge Filter Housing: CF-101

Number of Housings: One (1)
Materials: PP
Rating: 150 PSIG @ 300 °F
Design flow: 2.52 gpm/10”L
Number of cartridges: 1 per housing
Cartridge size: 20” long
Cartridge Rating: 1 micron
Cartridge Material: Polypropylene
Process Connections: 1” NPT
Drain: None
Vent: None
Pressure indicating gauges are provided to monitor the pressures at the cartridge filter inlet (PI-101)).
The operators will manually monitor the pressure drop across the filter to determine appropriate
time for cartridge replacement.

Pressure Indicator: PI-101. 316SS. 2” dial. 0-100 psi. Liquid filled.

14
As the cartridges become clogged, the pressure drop increases and the cartridges must be replaced.
If the filters are not replaced in time and water flow to the pump is reduced or interrupted, cavitation
will occur. This will damage the pump and/or reduce the performance of the system.

The pressure drop should be recorded when installing new filters. The cartridges should be replaced
at when the pressure drop increases 10%.

After replacement, service water is used to rinse the new cartridges by exiting the “clean drain” rather
than entering the RO membranes.

Automatic Inlet Valve

The automatic inlet valve (SV-101) is an electrically actuated solenoid valve which allows inlet flow
the RO system when open and does not allow inlet flow when closed. The valve is automatically
opened and closed by the control panel. The valve status is based on required process and operation.

Feed Water Instrumentation

The RO feed water conductivity is measured on the low pressure suction side of the pump. A sample
valve is provided before and after concentrate recirculation. A low pressure pump switch and
pressure gauge is also provided.
Feed Cond. AIT-101.
Feed Water: Sample after concentrate recirc
Pressure: PI-101 & PS-101 pump suction (set to trip at 8 psi).

RO Feed Pump

The RO high pressure feed pump increases the feed water pressure to the required pressure for RO
membrane operation. The pump has been specifically sized and selected for the temperature range
and membranes described in this manual. The motor starter is located in the control panel.

Pump Type: Vertical Multi Stage Centrifugal

Materials: 304SS
Rating: 5 gpm at 260 ft
Motor: 1 hp, 1ph/230v/60Hz, 3600 rpm, TEFC

Pressure Gauges are installed at the discharge (PI-103) to visually monitor the pressures. Pressure
switch is also provided at the pump discharge to protect the pump and RO membranes from high
pressure. The pressure switches electrically notify the control panel if tripped and the system alarms
and shuts down.

High Pressure: PS-102. 316SS Outlet Pressure Switch. Factory Set at 300 psig.
Pressure Indicator: PI-103. 316SS. 2.5” dial. 0-300 psi. Liquid filled.

15
A pump throttling valve is installed on the discharge of the pump to regulate flow through the RO
system. The valve is a needle valve which can accurately control the flow. Centrifugal pumps have a
characteristic performance curve of flow vs. discharge pressure. As the operator closes the throttling
valve, the pump sees artificial back pressure and flow is reduced according to the performance curve.
As the valve is opened, pressure on the pump is reduced and flow increases.

Pump Throttle Valve: NV-101

Materials: 316SS
Size: 0.75” NPT

The concentrate throttling valve will set the pressure for membrane operation. The pump flow will
need to be throttled to control permeate flow by controlling inlet flow to the RO bank.

Reverse Osmosis Bank

The RO Bank is the core bulk deionization process and includes the RO membranes, pressure
vessels and piping headers. As water enters the RO vessels, the feed water is distributed across RO
membranes. The water pressure is higher than the osmotic pressure and pure water crosses the
membranes and is collected on the outlet of the RO bank and is called “permeate” or “RO Product”.
As the feed water flows across the membranes, it become more and more concentrated unit it exits
the vessels. The concentrate reject is called “RO Concentrate”.

The system design is a 1 stage, 1M array using Hydranautics low fouling, low energy, high rejection
membranes. This feed water is distributed across 1 vessels. The permeate of all vessels are collected
together as the combined RO permeate of the system. The concentrate of the single stage exits the
system as the concentrated reject of the RO system.

Normal Temperature: 55-60 F

Normal Pressure: 135 psi
Recovery: 65%

RO Pressure Vessels: One FRP.

Vessel Design: End Entry, 300 psi, ASME (no stamp)
Vessel Connections: 0.5” permeate, 0.75” feed & concentrate

Membranes per Unit: 1 Hydranautics ESPA2-LD-4040

Membrane Size: 4”dia x 40”L
Membrane Array: 1 (1 membranes/vessel)
Flux Rate: 12.1 gfd

RO Permeate Line

Each RO vessel has a sample valve installed on each RO pressure vessel to test and analyze quality of
RO permeate.

16
The RO system permeate flow (FI-101) is measured downstream of where each vessel permeate
enters the header. A sample valve is installed to manually sample combine RO permeate. A pressure
gauge (PI-201) is installed to monitor combine product pressure & EDI feed. AIT-102 measures the
RO permeate conductivity.

Permeate Flow: FI-101. Rotameter.

Permeate Cond. AIT-102.
Pressure Indicator: PI-201. 316SS. 2.5” dial. 0-100 psi. Liquid filled.

Two (2) automatic valves are installed on the RO permeate line and automatically opened and closed
by a solenoid in the control panel which is controlled by the PLC. SV-102 is the EDI feed valve and
sends the RO permeate downstream to the EDI unit. SV-103 is the RO product divert valve and
send the RO permeate to drain during the “Rinse” cycle during start up and if the RO permeate
drops out specified range.

RO Concentrate Line to drain

The RO concentrate exists the pressure vessel through a high pressure line as described in the RO
piping. Pressure Gauge (PI-105) monitors the RO concentrate effluent pressure. The RO
Concentrate process moved through the concentrate throttling valve (NV-103). The low pressure
line includes a concentrate flow meter (FI-103), which discharges to drain. An automatic bypass
valve (SV-104) opens when RO membranes are flushed.

Pressure Indicator: PI-105. 316SS. 2.5” dial. 0-300 psi. Liquid filled.
Concentrate Flow: FI-103. Rotameter

Concentrate Throttling Valve

Tag: NV-103
Type: Needle
Materials: 316SS
Size: 1/2”

Concentrate Flush Outlet

Tag: SV-104
Type: High Pressure Solenoid

RO Concentrate Recirc Line

Minimum 4 gpm must be maintained to recirculate concentrate to pump inlet.

Concentrate Recyle Flow: FI-102. Rotameter

Concentrate Throttling Valve

Tag: NV-102
Type: Needle
Materials: 316SS
Size: 1/2”

17
Electrodeionization (EDI)

Electrodeionization (EDI) further purifies (polishes) reverse osmosis permeate to obtain ultrapure
water. Like RO, EDI is a continuous process which requires no chemical regeneration. The EDI
system process is relatively simple.

Water enters the EDI from the RO permeate line when the RO product quality is acceptable EDI
feed water. A ball valve is used to isolate the EDI system outlet (BV-201). All isolation valves
should be fully open during EDI operation.

The feed water is separated into two streams- Dilute Feed and Concentrate Feed. The dilute feed
water line includes a pressure indicator (PI-201) to monitor inlet pressure. The dilute feed flows
through the dilute chambers in the EDI module to purify the feed water. The dilute stream exits the
EDI module as purified water. A sample valve is installed to manually sample EDI product quality.
A pressure gauge (PI-203) is installed to monitor product pressure. FI-201 measures EDI dilute flow
and AIT-201 measures the EDI permeate resistivity.

EDI Product Flow: FI-201. Rotameter with low flow switch

Permeate Resitv. AIT-201. Titanium Probe, Display. 1 Channel
Pressure Indicators: 316SS. 2.5” dial. 0-100 psi. Liquid filled.
PI-201 EDI Inlet
PI-202 EDI Concentrate Inlet
PI-203 EDI product Outlet
PI-204 EDI Concentrate Outlet

The EDI Concentrate feed water line includes a pressure indicator (PI-202) to monitor inlet pressure
and a needle valve (NV-201) which is used to control flow and pressures as well as module isolation..
The concentrate feed flows through the concentrate chambers in the EDI module to remove the
impurities in the feed water. The concentrate stream exits the EDI module. A need valve (NV-202)
is installed to manually adjust concentrate flow and pressure. A pressure gauge (PI-204) is installed
to monitor product pressure. FI-202 measures EDI concentrate flow.

EDI Conc. Flow: FIT-202. Rotameter

The EDI module is powered by the EDI Power Supply. The power supply takes 220v/1ph/60Hz
AC power and converts to a controlled 0-2.5A/0-150 VDC electrical input to the EDI module.
Without the DC power, the EDI module will not purify the water. If the product flow rate is below
0.28 gpm or the concentrate is below 0.03 gpm, permanent and irreversible damage may occur to the
EDI module. The PLC will automatically shut down the system if EDI flow rates fall below
minimum level.

18
Safety
This section contains general safety guidelines that must be followed when installing, operating and
maintaining the water treatment equipment. This information is for general guidance only and not to be
a substitute for appropriate plant safety procedures. Agape Water Solutions, Inc. assumes the plant
personnel and management are all properly trained in and meet or exceed all Federal Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations in addition to any state or local Safety requirements.
The electrical, chemical and mechanical safety recommendations supplied in this manual are for guidance
only. The user is responsible for reviewing the requirements for this system and implementing appropriate
procedures as well as ensuring those procedures are in compliance with necessary codes, regulation and
OSHA requirements. It is the user’s responsibility to know and follow the required procedures. When
dealing with chemicals, the MSDS or other chemical manufacturer’s instructions should be followed. It is
the user’s responsibility to follow the required procedures.

Any untrained person attempting to install and/or service any component risks damage to property as well
as personal injury. We offer this publication with the understanding that the owner and operator accept all
liability for property damage, personal injury, and consequential damages resulting from its use. The
instructions appearing in this manual, along with Notes and Warnings do not cover all possible conditions
and situations that may arise. Everyone involved in installing, maintaining, and operating this system must
exercise caution.

The manual is not a substitute for, but should be used in addition to complying with all state, federal and
local safety requirements. Where there is any conflict between this manual and OSHA and governmental
regulations, codes and chemical manufacturer’s MSDS sheets shall take precedence.

All chemicals shall be drained and disposed of according to all applicable laws and regulations.

19
TAKE YOUR SAFETY SERIOUSLY

General Safety Guidelines

Operator Training
Equipment operators must be trained in the operation of the equipment and in the proper handling
of all hazardous materials and chemicals, including procedures to enact in the event of an emergency.
Only experienced operators who have studied this manual in its entirety and have been trained in
OSHA compliant policies and procedures should be allowed to operate the equipment.

Emergency Equipment
First Aid equipment must be available in all areas. The equipment must include items necessary to
treat injuries from high voltages and hazardous chemicals.

Eye wash stations and emergency safety showers must be properly installed according to local and
federal requirements. Maintenance, such as flushing, and testing must be performed and
documented on a periodic basis as required by relevant codes, standards, and regulations.

The chemical usage must be reviewed by a qualified industrial hygienist or safety profession. If
emergency respiratory protection is determined to be required, it must be maintained and tested on a
frequency required by applicable regulations. A current and compliant respiratory protection
program must be in place which includes periodic training, fit testing and medical clearance for
personnel who may be required to wear emergency respiratory protection.

Equipment Access
Workers must use caution when accessing the equipment. Safety measures must be taken to prevent
falls and other accidents when the equipment is being installed, operated and maintained.

Proper access should be provided around all equipment.

Avoid storing equipment or parts close to operating equipment.

All areas should be well lit so that operating and maintaining the equipment can be done safely.

The floor should be treated with a skid resistant surface coating which should be kept dry and clean.

Use Extreme Caution when working around water treatment equipment. Components such as valve
handles, pipes and other protruding components can cause severe injury to body parts. Workers
should wear hard hats and safety glasses and should move cautiously when working under piping and
the equipment

WARNING: Never climb on piping or system components. Doing so can cause injury or
equipment damage due to falls or equipment tipping.

If the equipment is above an operator’s normal reach, use safe, approved ladders or lifting devices to
reach the required area.

20
Do not use “extension” type or single-run ladders to access equipment. Use wide, stable, folding,
free-standing ladders and tie it to the equipment frame. Do not tie anything to PVC piping.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Maintain the necessary clothing and equipment to protect operating personnel. If hazardous
chemicals are to be used for cleaning, follow manufacturer’s recommended guidance for selection of
personal protective equipment and procedures for proper use of chemicals.

All safety precautions should be taken to avoid chemical contact with the body. Selection of
appropriate personal protective equipment must be made by a qualified person dependant upon the
specific chemicals used. Rubber gloves, full rubber suits, full face shields and goggles are examples
of PPE that may provide adequate protection when exposure to acid or caustic exists. Flange guards
should be fitted to all flanges on piping that contains chemicals.

When working around high voltages, a qualified person should review PPE requirements. Examples
are wearing proper gloves, using a rubber mat and having someone ready to assist with a Shepherd’s
Hook.

WARNING: This system uses highly corrosive chemicals to operate and clean the RO-EDI
units. Contact with these chemicals can cause severe injury. Any operator
handling or could potentially come in contact with these chemicals must be
thoroughly and properly trained on potential hazards and safe use of these
chemicals including how to protect themselves and proper collection or
disposal. This includes but is not limited to personnel filling the storage
tanks, servicing chemical pumps and cleaning the RO membranes.

Spills should be treated in a manner consistent with all relevant codes. Refer to MSDS sheets or
Safety Officer for further instructions. All personnel who could possibly respond must be adequately
trained to perform the cleanup safely and within constraints of the law.

21
Servicing System Components and Equipment

Maintenance of equipment must only be performed by experienced, trained professionals and in

compliance with a Lockout/Tagout OSHA, state and local requirements. This includes any
maintenance being performed on equipment which may involve the uncontrolled release of energy
such as but not limited to hydraulic pressure, motorized parts, electricity or high temperature. Such
requirements may require a permit process to confirm that all hazardous energy sources are secured
to prevent injury or death during maintenance or servicing. More information on federal OSHA
standards for Lockout Tagout are available 29 CFR 1910.147, however a more stringent standard
must be followed if required by state or locality.

Servicing Automatically Controlled Components

WARNING: Accidental and unexpected operation of remote components can cause severe
injury or death. First disconnect the controller output devices and the
individual component tubing or wiring prior to modifying controller
programming to avoid accidental operation of components.

Use extreme caution when servicing automatically controlled components. Before working on
automatically controlled components, make sure that the automatic controller is disabled to the point
that it can not be used to operate remote components. Always follow established Lockout/Tagout
procedures which include the requirement to close, lock and tag valves and lockout electrical motor
starters and other electrical devices.

Inform other operators and control room workers of any repairs or servicing in progress.

Servicing System Components

Whenever performing any maintenance on system components and equipment, workers must first be
certain the components are isolated from pressure, fluids and electricity. Spring loaded devices such
as valves must be in their “relaxed” state – that is with no compression on the loading spring to
avoid the sudden and accidental motion of individual parts.

An accidental and sudden release of pressure or fluid, accidental contact with energized electrical
components, or the sudden movement of equipment during maintenance procedures can cause
severe injury.

Refer to the component literature supplied with this manual for specific maintenance guidelines.

22
Electricity

WARNING: Electricity can cause shock, injury or death.

Always disconnect and lock out electrical power for panels or components
before working around any electrical components and before opening
electrical panels.

Operators and workers must use caution when working with control panels, motors and other
electrical components. These components must be properly wired and grounded. The components
should never come in contact with process fluid or other liquids. The equipment must never be
sprayed or washed during cleaning.

All standard good electrical practices apply including:

• Electrical panels and instruments must be properly grounded.

• Regularly inspect terminations for tightness and proper connection.

• Isolate any faulty electrical part prior to repairing or replacing it. Remember that several
different power sources may be feeding a single cabinet. Isolate all feeds prior to working in
the cabinet.

• Inspect any electrical box seals to ensure that water stays on the outside.

• Allow only qualified and thoroughly trained electricians should install, troubleshoot or repair
the electrical components or electrical system.

Pressures
Use extreme caution when working with liquid and air pressure. Pressure monitoring devices must
be installed and working properly. The water treatment system MUST be operated within the
pressure limits described with this manual

WARNING: Components in this system may be under high pressure. Sudden release of
pressure from pressurized components can cause severe injury. Always relieve
all pressure from piping and components before performing service.

High Temperature

WARNING: High Temperatures can cause severe burns to exposed skin. Special care
must be taken!

Use caution when working with processes (such as heat sanitization) and components (heat
exchangers, motors, pumps, etc.) that involve high temperature. Wear protective gloves and clothing
which is approved for specific use when handling components that generate high temperatures.

23
Site Safety Considerations

The following recommendations are offered to assist the owner in ensuring the safety of all
personnel involved in operating and maintaining the equipment.

1. Ensure that safety eyewash and shower are operational and in close proximity to any
hazardous chemical equipment or storage.
2. Ensure chemicals are stored only with compatible chemicals. Chemical storage areas should
be inspected on a periodic basis to check for proper storage, leaks, or signs of deterioration.

3. Follow an established emergency procedure for safe cleanup of spills involving hazardous
chemicals, which allows only trained spill personnel to perform cleanup operations

4. Install flange guards on all chemical lines.

5. Ensure that all personnel have been instructed and trained on the safe operation and
maintenance of the equipment. Special attention must be given to the hazards of working
with chemical cleaning solutions and to the repair and maintenance of piping, valves, pumps,
and instruments that handle these solutions.

6. Chemical protective clothing must be provided for all personnel working with or near
chemical solutions. As a minimum, pants, jackets, gloves, boots, goggles, and face shield that
is approved for the specific chemical hazard should be provided. This protective clothing
MUST BE WORN by anyone doing maintenance work on pieces of equipment that may
contain hazardous chemicals of any description.

7. Ensure that everyone working with hazardous chemicals is aware of all applicable safety
requirements, such as the Federal or State OSHA and plant safety requirements.

8. Routinely inspect the chemical tubing to insure it is properly installed and in good operating
condition.

9. Never work in a hazardous area alone. Always have a partner immediately outside the danger
zone that will be available to render assistance should an accident occur.

10. Make sure that the chemical areas are well lit and that access is not restricted.

11. Spray curtains or Plexiglas shields should be installed around all cleaning operations to
protect the casual passer-by from being accidentally sprayed should a leak develop. The
protection should allow adequate clearance for the equipment.

12. Never assume that piping systems are empty. Wear protective clothing and attempt to drain
any system on which you are going to perform maintenance or repair.

24
 13. IF YOU ARE UNSURE OR FEEL THAT YOU ARE NOT SUFFICIENTLY TRAINED
– STOP! DO NOT PROCEED. ASK YOUR SUPERVISOR OR SAFETY OFICER
FOR ASSISTANCE.

13. Activities that should be considered hazardous include but are not limited to the following:

• Filling chemical tanks.

• Cleaning the RO or EDI membranes..
• Checking chemical strengths at the cleaning skid
• Cleaning chemical spills
• Calibrating metering pumps using suction side calibration cylinders or by discharging
into a container,
• Servicing chemical pumps, valves, piping or other components.

14. Ensure that everyone associated with the operation and maintenance of the water treatment
system is knowledgeable in the emergency actions to be taken in the event of an accident.

15. Properly dispose of all chemical waste including local regulations.

SAFETY IS EVERYONE'S RESPONSIBILITY.

25
Vessel Safety Concerns

1. Always brace tanks and vessels securely until they are loaded or bolted to the plant floor.
Empty tanks and vessels can tip forward suddenly and without warning, causing
equipment damage or injury.
2. Heavy Manway covers can cause equipment damage or severe personal injury or death if dropped from any height. DO NOT
STAND UNDER WORKERS WHO ARE REMOVING MANWAY COVERS. Use extreme caution
when removing or moving heavy Manway covers.

3. If lifting davits are not provided for the covers, use a sling or chain and some type of suitable
lifting device to safely remove and hold the cover. Do not remove all the cover bolts until
cover is securely slung and supported.

4. Falls from the top of the vessel can cause severe injury or death to workers.

5. Always load vessels from a platform or lifting device. Platforms and lifting devices must be
equipped with side rails and slip resistant surfaces where workers can safely stand.

6. Do not stand on top of a vessel while loading it. The curved top surface does not provide
adequate traction for footing. The lack of hand holes and the small surface area can lead to
falls.

7. Confined spaces may contain insufficient oxygen or hazardous chemicals, materials or vapors
which could cause death. Do not enter a confined space without proper personal protective
equipment and proper OSHA precautions. Before entering a vessel ensure that all
connections are closed, isolated and tagged out. Assign a standby person (or spotter) to stay
outside the vessel near the Manway who is prepared to assist in an emergency situation.

8. When loading media, avoid walking on any spilled media where slipping can occur.
Immediately sweep and dispose of the spilled media according to MSDS clean up details.

26
Additional Operator Safety Items

• Examine the known hazards associated with the materials being used. Never assume all
hazards have been identified. Carefully read the label before using an unfamiliar chemical.
When appropriate, review the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for special handling
information. Determine the potential hazards and use appropriate safety precautions before
beginning any new operation.

• Be familiar with the location of emergency equipment - fire alarms, fire extinguishers,
emergency eyewash, and shower stations and know the appropriate emergency response
procedures.

• When mixing chemicals and water always and slowly mix chemicals to the full volume of
water. Never add water to chemicals as chemical spattering can occur.

• Avoid distracting or startling other workers when they are handling hazardous chemicals.

• Use equipment and hazardous chemicals only for their intended purposes.

• Always be alert to unsafe conditions and actions and call attention to them so that corrective
action can be taken as quickly as possible.

• Wear eye and face protection when appropriate.

• Always inspect equipment for leaks, tears and other damage before handling a hazardous
chemical. This includes fume hoods, gloves, goggles, etc.

• Never taste or smell any chemical to determine its identity.

• Keep areas clean and uncluttered with chemicals and equipment. Clean up work areas upon
completion of an operation or at the end of each work day, including floors.

27
 Installation
This section provides guidance on receipt and installation of the RO-EDI system. Installation instructions of specific components can be
found in later sections of this manual. All equipment must be installed as shown on the piping, wiring and layout drawings for this project.
The installation procedure is:

1. Review operating environment requirements and ensure the area where the system is to be
installed is in compliance.

2. Prepare for Electrical, Drainage, Foundation and Grounding Requirements.

3. Test feed water.

4. Receive, Inspect and Store Equipment.

5. Move Equipment into Place.

6. Connect Piping. Flush Inlet and Outlet piping before connecting to skids.

7. Connect Electrical Wiring.

8. Install Loose Items including instrument probes and other items not installed prior to
shipment to avoid damage.

9. Connect and customer supplied equipment.

10. Flush RO feed line and pressure vessels.

11. Install RO Membranes.

12. Install Cartridge Filter elements. Flush filters.

13. Calibrate Instrumentation.

14. Review Controls and Interlocks.

28
Operating Environment

The water treatment system should be installed in an indoor location shielded from the
environmental elements. The location should provide shelter from wind, rain, direct sunlight and
temperature extremes. All components including piping and drains must be protected from freezing
or permanent damage may occur.

The following parameters must be followed. The system is not to be used outside of the prescribed
range. If the installation will be such that any of the ranges may be exceeded, contact Agape Water
Solutions, Inc. before proceeding.
Parameter Range
Maximum ambient temperature 104 °F (40 °C)
Minimum ambient temperature Above Freezing
Humidity up to 95%
Seismic N/A
Altitude up to 6,560 ft (2,000 m)
Rain No Rain
Wind No Wind
Contaminants No Contaminants
Vibration No Vibration

Electrical Requirements
The electrical connections should be properly installed per the electrical drawings and applicable
code requirements. Each RO-EDI and CIP skid is powered by a single 1 phase, 220 volt, 60 Hz
source. The RO-EDI skids and the CIP require minimum requires 25A supply plus a neutral.

Feed Water Requirements

The feed water must be meet feed water requirements described on pages 2 and 3 of this manual. If
there are any onsite concerns about meeting the requirements, call Agape Water Solutions, Inc.

Drain Water Requirement

Place the water treatment system near a drain that can handle at least 120% of the maximum feed
flow rate.

29
RECEIPT OF EQUIPMENT

Inspection of Equipment
Use care when moving equipment and components and when opening crates.
1. An initial visual inspection should be performed on all material and equipment received from
the freight carriers. The purpose of this inspection is to discover any damage, overage or
shortage to the shipment in the presence of the carrier's representative. Inspect the system
carefully for completeness and for shipping damage prior to accepting the shipment from the
freight carrier.
2. Record the item and crate numbers of all pieces received. Some crates will contain several
different tagged items. These crates should be opened temporarily to check different items.
Compare the item and crate numbers to those shown on the shipping list supplied with the
equipment. Contact the freight carrier and Agape Water Solutions, Inc. immediately if items
are missing or damaged.
a. Small components that were removed from major components during shipment
preparation may not have tag numbers. These untagged components can be
identified by referring the P&ID and parts list.
3. Perform a close inspection of all major components, piping and sub-components. Damage
can be easily missed during a quick inspection. Make sure gauges, piping and tubes have not
been damaged or broken off. Also look for broken, pinched or bent piping.
4. Perform a close inspection of all shipping crates, boxes and loose components. Verify that
no damage has occurred to these pieces. Check for visible damage. Of the exterior of a crate
or box is damaged, open the crate or box and investigate the internal components for
damage.
5. If the equipment will be stored, reseal any crates that were opened for inspection.
a. Store skids and components on wooden blocks to keep them out of any standing
water and to protect painted surfaces.
b. The system CAN NOT be stored in outdoor environments. Store the equipment
indoors with environments meeting same conditions as operating environment.
c. If equipment will be stored for an extended period, cover it with plastic or canvas
tarp for protection from water, dust, paint over-spray etc.
d. Make sure electrical panel openings are sealed with tape and all panel doors securely
closed.
e. Make sure all piping connections are sealed.

Note: Shipping damage must be promptly reported to both Agape Water Solutions, Inc. and the
freight carrier to ensure repair or replacement. Do not release equipment for assembly until all
damage claims and/or shortage problems have been resolved.

30
It is the customer’s responsibility to fully inspect the equipment before signing for receipt. Agape
Water Solutions, Inc. will not be responsible for any lost or damaged parts after the receipt of the
equipment.

Notes on Storing the Equipment

1. The equipment should be stored in a low traffic area where motorized vehicles will not be likely to
collide with the skids. Leave all protective coverings in place until the equipment is permanently
installed and startup is close at hand. Remove piping closures only to make necessary
interconnections. Do not fill the system until freezing conditions can be avoided

2. It is easy to lose small components that were shipped together. It is recommended that all
components are stored together. Mark “Demin Water System” so that the probes, housing seals,
spare parts, etc. are not lost or taken for use elsewhere.

3. The RO membranes are shipped separately. Keep in manufacturer’s original packaging until
Agape Water Solutions service personnel is ready to install.

4. Always store indoors in the original crate if possible. Protect the equipment from freezing,
excessive heat, dust, water and sunlight. If the original crating is not available, cover with a tarp.

5. Exercise extreme care to ensure that tools or movement does not damage piping or other

Lifting

The system is designed to be lifted via overhead crane. Use provided lifting eyes for off loading and all
handling of the skids using properly rated and maintained equipment. This system is designed to be lifted
from inside the frame.

Note: Use safe lifting practices. Only qualified riggers should attempt to move the equipment.

31
INSTALLING THE SYSTEM IN PLACE

Move the System

Move the system into the installation location. Level the system. Secure the system to the floor using
appropriate anchor bolts. Ground the skid to earth.

Install any piping or valves or that was removed for shipment.

Caution: Failure to level the system could cause poor system drainage.

Connect Piping

All customer supplied piping must be installed at this time. Piping must be flushed and cleaned before it is
connected to the equipment. Be sure the piping is properly design for the flows that will be operated
through the equipment. Do not pressurize at this time!

NOTE: Pipe elbows, tees and other fitting and/or long pipe runs can cause excessive
backpressure restricting drain flow.

1. Connect all system piping. Piping must be flushed with clean water. Note: Do not flush piping
into RO-EDI system.

2. Connect the drain piping to local open trench or sump. Be sure to use chemically resistant piping
and special safety precautions if the drain flow will contain hazardous or corrosive chemicals.

3. Connect all customer supplied tubing and control valves.. Filtered, dry, oil free air is required for
the automatic butterfly valves. Air must be filtered to remove oil, moisture and particles. Pressure
must be at least 80 psi. Use an air regulator.

4. A steady feed water pressure is required (+/- 5 psig). If a consistent feed pressure is not available,
a pressure regulator should be installed to prevent fluctuations into the system..

5. If chemical feed or storage tank is used, the tank interior should be inspected. Flush if necessary.
Dry and cover chemical storage tank.

Electrical Connections

WARNING! All electrical work must be carried out by trained, certified, service personnel

Do not connect the system to a power source hat will experience severe power surges. Such surges can
damage the system’s power supply and control circuits.

Note: Disconnect power before opening any enclosure, and follow accepted
Lockout/Tagout procedures when working on the system

32
 1. All field wiring must confirm to local electrical code. Contact Agape Water Solutions, Inc. if there
is a conflict between this manual and local code.

2. Review Electrical wiring diagrams supplied in the back of this manual.

3. Connect the power as shown in the drawings supplied by Agape Water Solutions, Inc.

4. Confirm wiring and test.

Note: Protect all wiring in the vicinity of the panel before drilling any holes. Protect all
terminals and instruments in the panel and vacuum after drilling is complete.
Cutting fluids, chips or equipment can cause permanent damage to the
electronics.

Install Loose Items

Agape Water Solutions, Inc. disassembles some items and ships some items loose for protection during
shipment. This includes pH and ORP probes, certain pipe spools and other items you receive with the
equipment. These should be installed prior to applying water or electricity to the system.

Customer Supplied Equipment

All customer supplied equipment must be installed before membranes can be loaded and started. Agape
Water Solutions, Inc. assumes no responsibility for equipment not supplied by Agape Water Solutions, Inc.

Flushing RO piping and vessels.

The interconnecting piping must be flushed prior to connecting to the RO-EDI system. We also
recommend flushing the RO piping through the product divert line prior to installing the RO membranes.
This will protect the RO membranes.

Vibrations

Instrumentation should be installed in a location that is free from vibrations. Piping must be adequately
supported and braced. Vibrations and shocks can damage instruments.

33
Operation
This section contains operating instructions for the RO-EDI system. It is designed to give an overall
operating approach for the system. Successful long-term performance of the membrane system depends
on proper operation and maintenance of the system. This includes the initial plant start-up and
operational start-ups and shut-downs. Preventing fouling, scaling, plugging and degradation, e.g. by
oxidation, of the membranes is not only a matter of system design, but also a matter of proper
commissioning and operation. Record keeping and data normalization is required in order to know the
actual plant performance and to enable corrective measures when necessary. Complete and accurate records
are also required in case of a system performance warranty claim

Initial Start-Up

Before initiating system start-up procedures, pretreatment checks, loading of the membrane elements,
instrument calibration and other system checks should be completed.

Equipment

The initial system start-up is typically performed just after the element loading. For start-up, the following
additional equipment is recommended - this should also be part of the equipment at the site:

• Safety glasses when working with chemicals

• Thermometer
• pH meter
• Conductivity meter (range: from permeate to concentrate conductivity)
• SDI measuring equipment
• Adequate chemicals for cleaning, sanitization and preservation
• Scale to weigh one element
• Spare elements
• Single element test stand (for large systems > 500 elements)
• Bottles for water samples:
• Volume: at least 125 ml
• Material: HDPE (high density polyethylene)
• Number: sufficient to sample raw water, system feed, system permeate and concentrate. In case
of a system with more than one train, each train is to be sampled separately. In case of systems
with more than one stage, permeate samples of the individual stages and feed/concentrate samples
from in-between the stages have to be added. The operating conditions of the membrane system
during sampling have to be provided.
• Analysis equipment for:
- Total hardness
- Calcium
- Alkalinity
- Sulfate
- Iron

34
 - Silica
- Free chlorine
- Redox potential (ORP)
- TOC
- Color (a large white container may suffice to detect color in the permeate)

RO Start Up

In the Manual mode:

1. Connect tank low and high pressure switches to automatically start and stop the system or
jumper the control panel connections.
2. Check all valves to ensure that settings are correct.
a. The pump throttling valve (NV-101) should be partially cracked and concentrate
control valve (NV-103) should be fully open.
b. Close NV-102 recirc valve
c. Confirm EDI inlet isolation valve (SV-201) is closed.
3. Open Inlet Isolation valve (BV-101).
4. Start the system when tank level is low.
5. Slowly open the pump throttling valve (NV-101), increasing the feed pressure and feed flow
rate to the membrane elements until the design concentrate flow is reached. The feed
pressure increase to the elements should be less than 10 psi per second to achieve a soft start.
Continue to send all permeate and concentrate flows to an appropriate waste collection drain.
a. If the pump throttling valve is opened too quickly, the housing of the elements may
be damaged by excessive forces in flow direction and/or in radial direction -
especially if air is in the system - leading to telescoping and/or fiberglass shell
cracking.
6. On start up concentrate control valve (NV-103) should be fully open and reciculation valve
NV-102 fully closed to rinse the RO membrane. After RO membrane preservative is
flushed, Slowly close the concentrate control valve (NV-103) until the ratio of permeate flow
to concentrate flow approaches, but does not exceed, the design ratio (recovery) and open
NV-102 to ensure min 4 gpm concentrate recycle.. Continue to check the system pressure to
ensure that it does not exceed the upper design limit.
7. Calculate the system recovery and compare it to the system's design value.
8. Measure Feed Water Hardness. Measure feedwater pH.
9. Calculate the Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) or the Stiff & Davis Stability Index (S&DSI) of
the concentrate by measuring pH, conductivity, calcium hardness, and alkalinity levels and
then making the necessary calculations.
10. Allow the system to run for one hour.
11. Take the first reading of all operating parameters.
12. Check the permeate conductivity from each pressure vessel to verify that all vessels conform
to performance expectations (e.g., vessels with leaking O-rings or other evidence of
malfunction to be identified for corrective action).
13. After 24 to 48 hours of operation, review all recorded plant operating data such as feed
pressure, differential pressure, temperature, flows, recovery and conductivity readings. At the
same time draw samples of feed water, concentrate and permeate for analysis of constituents.
14. Compare system performance to design values.

35
 15. Confirm proper operation of mechanical and instrumental safety devices.

Note: Use the initial system performance information obtained in above steps as a
reference for evaluating future system performance. Measure system performance
regularly during the first week of operation to ensure proper performance during this
critical initial stage.

Caution: Do not stand in front of RO housing ends during pressurization.

The RO is now ready for full operation. The EDI can be started.

EDI Start Up

1. Test EDI feed water quality by running the RO system to drain and testing the EDI feed
water hardness, CO2, free Chlorine and Silica.
2. Test EDI flow switches and other interlocks, including the RO interlock if applicable
3. Test pressure relief if applicable
4. Confirm alarm points
5. Make sure that modules are correctly connected to the DC power source. Test wire
continuity.
6. Make sure that the MX product line is directed to drain by opening NV-203..
7. Open EDI inlet isolation valve SV-201 (automatic), and module isolation valves (BV-201
and NV-201 & 202).
8. Turn on the EDI feedwater. Adjust concentrate valves NV-201 and NV-202 to obtain
the desired flows and pressures in the product and reject streams. The reject flow is
typically set at about 11% of the product flow (this gives a water recovery of 90%)*.
a. Valves are adjusted so the product outlet pressure is about 2 to 5 psig higher than
the reject outlet pressure at the desired flow rates.
9. Adjust the DC power supply to the current setting
10. Test all flow switches and interlocks to ensure MX DC power is shut off when flow is
interrupted.
11. Continue to direct the product water to drain until it reaches the desired quality.
12. Once product reaches the desired quality, connect to process. Readjust pressures as
required to maintain product outlet pressure 2-5 psi above the reject outlet pressure.
13. When the system is at steady state (quality in specification and stable operation), record
operating data on the data sheet provided.
14. Lock the system into automatic operation.

Manual Adjustment

The membrane system is designed on the basis of a defined set of data such as the permeate flow,
feedwater composition and temperature. In reality, the plant operation has to be flexible to respond
to changing needs or changing conditions. The system included the necessary manual
instrumentation and components on this system to make the required changes. These components
are described in the process design section of this manual.

36
The best way to keep the flow rates constant in the RO system and the pressures and current
adjusted on the EDI system. The adjustments are made as follows.

1. Control Concentrate Throttling Valve (NV-103) to maintain RO concentrate flow above 0.36
gpm minimum.
2. Control Concentrate Recirculation Valve (NV-103) to maintain min 3-4 gpm RO
recirculation.
3. Control Pump Throttling Valve (NV-101) to maintain RO permeate flow approximately 0.67
gpm.
4. Control EDI concentrate valves (NV-201 and NV-202) to maintain
a. minimum EDI product flow of 0.28 gpm
b. minimum EDI concentrate flow of 0.03 gpm
c. EDI outlet concentrate pressure (PI-204) 3-10 psi less than EDI feed pressure (PI-
203)
5. Maintain current to the EDI module sufficient for optimal EDI product quality.

Start Up and Shut Down Operation

Once the membrane system has been started up, ideally it should be kept running at constant
conditions. In reality, membrane plants have to be shut down and restarted. Start/stop cycles result
in pressure and flow changes, causing mechanical stress to the membrane elements. Therefore, the
start/stop frequency should be minimized, and the regular operation start-up sequence should be as
smooth as possible. In principle, the same sequence is recommended as for the initial start-up. Most
important is a slow feed pressure increase.

The normal start-up sequence is typically automated through the use of programmable controllers
and remotely operated valves, however manual monitoring and adjustment will need to be made..
The calibration of instruments, the function of alarms and safety devices, corrosion prevention and
leak-free operation have to be checked and maintained on a regular basis.

Shut Down

Your system is designed for automatic shut down and included automatic flush the RO membranes
at shut down.

When the membrane system is shutdown, leave in automatic operation and the RO membranes will
flush once every 12 hours.

After flushing the system, the feed valves are closed completely. If the concentrate line ends into a
drain below the level of the pressure vessels, then an air break should be employed in the concentrate
line at a position higher than the highest pressure vessel. Otherwise, the vessels might be emptied by
a siphoning effect.

When the system must be shut down for longer than 24 hours, take care that:
• The elements do not dry out. Dry elements will irreversibly lose flux.

37
 • The system is adequately protected against micro-biological growth, or regular flushing is
carried out every 12 hours.
• When applicable, the system is protected against temperature extremes.

The membrane plant can be stopped for 24 hours without preservation and precautions for
microbiological fouling. Preservation with chemicals is necessary for longer stops than 48 hours if
power and feed water are not available.

Short Term Storage

Short-term storage is for periods where the RO-EDI system must remain out of operation for more
than five days, but fewer than thirty days, with the RO elements in place. The RO controller is
programmed to automatically operate and flush the system every 12 hours if the off line.

Long Term Storage

Long-term storage is for periods where the RO-EDI system must remain out of operation for more
than 2 days with the RO elements in place.

Prepare each RO train as follows:

1. Clean the RO membrane elements in place.

2. Flush the RO section with 1 to 1.5% SMBS.
3. When the RO section is filled with this solution (make sure that it is completely filled and no air is
present), close the valves to retain the solution in the RO section.
4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 with fresh solution every thirty days if the temperature is below 80°F (27°C),
or every fifteen days if the temperature is above 80°F (27°C).

Note: Be sure no air is remaining in the RO vessels. Any contact with oxygen will oxidize
the SMBS.

Prepare each EDI train as follows:

1. Shut off feed water to EDI module.

2. Drain standing water out of EDI modules, while leaving resin and membranes moist.
3. Close module isolation valves to prevent evaporation of water in membranes and resins.

Start Up after Storage

1. After long term storage, flush the RO system to drain for approximately one hour using low-
pressure feedwater with the product dump valve open to drain; then flush it at high pressure
for 5 to 10 minutes with the product divert valve open to drain. Before returning the RO
system to service, check for any residual biocide in the product.
2. EDI product water may require an extended period of time to regenerate. If system has been
shut down for over 30 days, sanitization may be required.

38
RO-EDI AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM

Objective
To detail the design of the control system for the Reverse Osmosis (RO) – Electrodeionization
(EDI) system that will be used as make up water.

Control System Overview

RO-EDI System has an Agape Water Solutions, Inc. custom designed microprocessor controller.
The components are used to control the above mentioned functionality.

In automatic mode the system operates automatically based on a call for water from the product
water storage tank and various other system parameters such as the quality of water, water flow rate,
etc.

Control Philosophy
The RO-EDI system is designed for semi-automatic operation. Individual automated devices can
only be controlled in manual mode if the train that the device is associated with is in standby mode
or the device is not in a fault state. No valve can be open and no pump can be started if any of the
automated devices are in a fault condition.

List of specific of specific operating modes in sequential order:

Automatic
STANDBY
RO-RINSE
EDI-RINSE
TANK FILL
AUTO-SHUTDOWN

Manual
START

In the semi-automatic mode, the control panel controls and monitors all automatic functions of the
train, while manual adjustment and monitoring is necessary for manual system devices such as
manual valves and manual indicators. When in semi automatic mode, the RO-EDI unit starts based
on the product tank level. This signal is called the Call for Water.

If a train has been in standby for a total of 12 hours, the system will automatically start and flush for
5 minutes.

39
Parameter Units Value
Tank Level Switch de-Bounce Seconds 2.0
Pressure Switch de-Bounce Seconds 3
Pretreatment Lockout Switch de-Bounce Seconds 2
Pump start delay Seconds 20
Inlet Valve (SV-101) stop delay Seconds 3
Pump restart delay after LP fault Seconds 60
Low pressure fault shutdown, # of faults Faults 5
Low pressure fault shutdown,
Minutes 10
time period to count faults
Low pressure fault shutdown, reset after
Minutes 60
shutdown
Low pressure fault alarm relay output Off/On On
Low pressure timeout fault Seconds 60

Flush Behavior
Time from last flush before Flush on
Minutes 0
Shutdown
Minimum operation before Flush on
Minutes 30
Shutdown
Flush duration on Shutdown Seconds 120
Periodic Flush interval Minutes 0
Periodic Flush duration Seconds 0
Unit Idle Flush interval hours 12
Unit Idle Flush duration Seconds 300
Conductivity Probe Sample Rate Seconds 2
Conductivity Shutdown * Minutes 15
*If RO does not produce acceptable feed water.

Permeate Divert
Permeate Alarm µS/cm 10

Alarms and Interlocks

Interlocks
In order for the EDI module to receive power, the EDI product and concentrate flows must be
above minimum levels.

FIT-201 EDI Product Flow

If FIT 201 is less than 0.28 gpm and the system is in RO-EDI operate mode, the EDI power supply
will shut off.

FIT-202 EDI Concentrate Flow

If FIT 202 is less than 0.03 gpm and the system is in RO-EDI operate mode, the EDI power supply
will shut off.

40
Microprocessor Display Alarms

High Pressure Fault: (Occurs when High Pressure Switch Closes)

Line 1 “Service Fault”
Line 2 “High System Pressure”
Line 3
Line 4 “To Reset Push OFF/ON”

Low Pressure Fault: (System is responding to low pressure condition per system settings)
Line 1 “Service Fault”
Line 2 “Low Feed Pressure”
Line 3
Line 4 “Restart in MM:SS”

Pre Treat Fault: (Pretreat Switch is closed indicating problem with pretreat system).
Line 1 “Service Fault”
Line 2 “Pretreat”
Line 3
Line 4 “Check Pretreat Sys.”

Permeate Conductivity Fault: (Permeate conductivity is higher than the alarm setpoint.)
Line 1 “Service Fault”
Line 2 “Permeate Cond xxx uS”
Line 3 “Alarm SP xxx uS”
Line 4 “To Reset Push OFF/ON”

Feed Conductivity Fault: (Feed conductivity is higher than the alarm setpoint.)
Line 1 “Service Fault”
Line 2 “Feed Cond xxx uS”
Line 3 “Alarm SP xxx uS”
Line 4 “To Reset Push OFF/ON”

Conductivity Probe Error messages:

Line 2 “Over-range” - Measurement is out of range for the circuit, probe may also be
shorted
Line 2 “Probe shorted” - Short circuit detected on temperature sensor in probe
Line 2 “Probe not detected” - Open circuit detected on temperature sensor in probe
Line 2 “Probe Startup 1” - Internal reference voltage too high to make valid measurement
Line 2 “Probe Startup 2” - Internal reference voltage too low to make valid measurement
Line 2 “Probe Startup 3” - Internal excitation voltage too high to make valid measurement
Line 2 “Probe Startup 4”, - Internal excitation voltage too low to make valid measurement

41
 Maintenance
This section provides guidance maintenance of the RO-EDI system. Additional maintenance instructions of specific components can be found in
the individual components sections of this manual (Vendor Literature). These instructions must be followed in order for the system to operate
properly. The plant maintenance procedures should include the procedures outlined in this manual and the Vendor Literature as a minimum.

General System Maintenance

The RO-EDI will require periodic maintenance. Before beginning any maintenance, maintenance
personnel should have read the safety portion of this manual and sought out and read the required
information mentioned in the safety section as well as all Vendor Literature. Maintenance should only be
done by qualified and experience personnel. The maintenance listed in this section is to be used as a
general guideline only. The actual maintenance requirements and frequencies are shown in the Vendor
Literature.

Perform the following on a daily basis.

1. Complete Operating Log Data Sheets for the RO and EDI

2. Adjust manual components to reach required flows and pressures outlined in the Operation
section of this manual, ongoing operation at least 3 times per day and at every start up. Be sure
recoveries are not exceeded.

3. Check for RO pressure vessel, EDI module and piping leaks. If any pipes or fittings are leaking,
check connection and adjust to stop leaks. The RO pump and EDI power supply must be off
before attempting any work.

4. Measure and record free chlorine level the combined RO permeate line.

5. Check chemical injection tank levels and add chemicals if needed. Be sure to use RO permeate fill
water and add chemicals to water.

Perform the following weekly.

1. Measure SDI in the RO feed water.

2. Measure and record free chlorine level in the RO concentrate line.

3. Measure and record harness in the RO feed water and RO permeate lines.

4. Measure and record CO2 levels in the RO permeate lines.

5. Measure and record silica levels in the RO permeate and EDI product lines.

6. Measure cartridge filter pressure drop and replace if needed.

42
 7. Inspect air filters and replace if needed.

8. Maintain control panel and system components. Be sure panels are free of dirt, dust, debris and
fluids.

9. Check valve operation and check for leaks. Valves should be able to close completely.

10. Check pump operation and lubrication (if needed).

Perform the following monthly.

1. Measure hardness in the RO feed water.

2. Drain and flush chemical tanks. Sanitize if necessary.

3. Remove and inspect instruments to confirm they are in good operating condition

4. Test alarms.

5. Lubricate valves if needed.

6. Tighten all electrical connections.

7. Check EDI module grounding wires. Tighten if loose

Perform the following tests at least once every three months.

1. Test inlets, RO permeate and EDI outlet water samples for complete analysis. Use 3rd party lab if
your laboratory is not properly equipped for detection limits and/or required parameters.

2. Calibrate instrumentation.

3. Test for bacteria.

Perform the following annually:

1. Clean and Sanitize RO membranes and EDI module if not done in the previous 12 months.

2. Replace valve diaphragms.

43
RO DATA LOG – TRAIN ____

Date & Time

Operator Initials
SDI
(15 min test)
Free Cl -RO inlet
(ppm as Cl2)
Feed Water pH
Feed Hardness
(ppm as CaCO3)
Inlet Pressure
(psi)
Cartridge Outlet
Pressure (psi)
Pump Inlet
Pressure (psi)
Pump Outlet
Pressure (psi)
Permeate
Pressure (psi)
Concentrate
Pressure (psi)
Feed Water
Temperature (°F)
Feed Water
Conductivity
(μS/cm)
Permeate
Conductivity
(μS/cm)
Feed Water Flow
(gpm) Calculate
Concentrate
Flow (gpm)
Concentrate
Recycle (gpm)
Permeate Flow
(gpm)
Calculate:
Recovery (%)

44
EDI DATA LOG – TRAIN ____

Date & Time

Operator Initials
RO Permeate
Hardness (ppm
as CaCO3)
RO Permeate
Free Chlorine
(ppm as Cl2)
RO Permeate
CO2 (ppm)
RO Permeate
Silica (ppm)
Product Silica
(ppm as SiO2)
Feed Water
Temp (°F)
Dilute In
Pressure (psi)
Concentrate In
Pressure (psi)
Product
Pressure (psi)
Concentrate
Out Pressure
(psi)
Product
Resistivity
(Ωohm-cm)
Product Flow
(gpm)
Concentrate
Flow (gpm)
DC Current (A)
DC Voltage (V)
Calculate:
Recovery (%)
Dilute Pressure
Drop (psi)
Concentrate
Pressure Drop
(psi)
Electrical
Resistance
(V/A)

45
Trending

Trending is used to monitor the performance of the RO-EDI system. Data is entered into the excel
spreadsheets and analyzed for troubleshooting and cleaning.

The majority of Reverse Osmosis (RO) systems normally will operate under fairly steady conditions
over long periods of time if operating parameters remain constant. Fouling does not occur, and
membrane damage is avoided. Unfortunately, operating parameters (e.g. temperature, feed TDS,
permeate flow, recovery) do change, and fouling of the membrane and element feed path can occur.
Normalization is a technique that allows the user to compare operation at a specific set of conditions
to a reference set of conditions. This allows the user to determine whether changes in flow or
rejection are caused by fouling, damage to the membrane, or are just due to different operating
conditions. Hydranautics website software should be used for trending RO performance:
www.membranes.com

Ionpure offers an EDI trending software package. This program is installed on the remote operator
station PC. The logs should be inputted manually or on a spreadsheet and sent to Agape Water
Solutions, Inc. for review. The data must be kept on record for warranty and troubleshooting
assistance.

Changes in Performance
Changes in operating parameters will have a normal effect on membrane performance. These
influences can either result in an apparent reduction of permeate flow or quality. This section will
enumerate those effects that normally affect membrane performance.

Loss of Flow:
The following changes in operating parameters will decrease the actual permeate flow of a system:
• A decrease in feed water temperature with no change in feed pump pressure.
• A decrease in RO feed pressure by throttling down the feed valve.
• An increase in permeate back pressure with no change in feed pump pressure.
• An increase in the feed TDS (or conductivity) since this increases the osmotic pressure that
has to be overcome to permeate water through the membrane.
• An increase in the system recovery rate. This increases the average feed/concentrate TDS
which then increases the osmotic pressure.
• Fouling of the membrane surface.
• Fouling of the feed spacer that results in an increase of feed-to-concentrate pressure drop
(delta P) which starves the back-end of the system of net driving pressure (NDP) to produce
permeate water.

Loss of Water Quality:

The following changes in operating parameters will result in actual lower quality permeate water, as
indicated by an increase in permeate TDS as ppm or conductivity:
• An increase in feed water temperature with the system adjusted to maintain the same
permeate flow (or flux).
• A decrease in the system permeate flow, which reduces the water flux, and results in less
permeate water to dilute the amount of salts that have passed through the membrane.

46
 • An increase in the feed TDS (or conductivity) since the RO will always reject a set percentage
of the salts.
• An increase in the system recovery rate since this increases the average feed/concentrate
TDS of the system.
• Fouling of the membrane surface.
• Damaged o-rings seals.
• Damage to the membrane surface (such as exposure to chlorine) which allows more salts to
pass.

Use of the normalization program thus “factors out” the effects of changing feed pressure,
concentration, and temperature. Factors related to fouling, degradation, or systemic factors (ie, blown
o-rings) are thus more clearly discerned. Normalized data that is graphed will show not only the
instantaneous condition of the RO system at any given time, but also shows the detailed operating
history. These graphs can be a useful tool for troubleshooting.

47
Cleaning and Sanitizing

When the RO membranes and/or EDI module becomes fouled or scaled, chemical cleaning is
required. The membrane surface in RO elements can become fouled by mineral scale, biological
matter, colloidal particles and insoluble organic constituents. Deposits build up on the membrane
surfaces during operation until they cause loss in normalized permeate flow and/or loss of
normalized salt rejection.

In order to successfully operate RO equipment, it is important to track raw water quality and RO
system normalized operating data. Good monitoring of the performance of a RO system can alert
the user to possible fouling before the situation becomes severe. Performance evaluation is
conducted by normalizing the membrane operating data using ASTM standard method D 4516.
During operation of a reverse osmosis system, operating conditions such as pressure, temperature,
system recovery, and feed concentration can vary, causing permeate flow and salt passage to change.
The performance at initial start up is used as a reference condition. Normalized flow, TDS, and
pressure drop are typically compared with the start-up data to evaluate the system performance.

RO cleaning is recommended when any of the following occur:

• the normalized permeate flow decreases 10%
• Differential pressure across any RO stage increases 15%
• Salt passage increases 10%

If the RO system is not cleaned and system continues to build-up contaminants, the elements may
telescope or shear internally. This can cause the integrity of the RO membrane surface to be
compromised and rendering the membrane irreversibly damaged.

The cleaning is done by using the CIP system. The CIP system which should be hard piped to each
RO-EDI train per P&ID provided by Agape Water Solutions, Inc.

EDI Cleaning is recommended when any of the following occur:

• the product differential pressure increases by 50% without a change in temperature and flow
• the reject differential pressure increases by 50% without a change in temperature and flow
• the product quality declines without a change in temperature, flow, or feed conductivity
• the module’s electrical resistance increases by 25% without a change in temperature.

If the EDI system is not cleaned and the system continues to build-up contaminants, the modules
may become plugged as scale and/or fouling builds. This can cause inadequate flow through the
chambers and/or short circuiting of the current, rendering the EDI module irreversibly damaged.

48
RO Cleaning Chemicals

Acid cleaners and alkaline cleaners are the standard cleaning chemicals. Low pH cleaners are used to
remove inorganic precipitates (including iron), while high pH cleaners are used to remove organic
fouling (including biological matter). Specialty cleaning chemicals may be used in cases of severe
fouling or unique cleaning requirements. RO or EDI permeate should be used for the preparation
cleaning solutions. The desired pH levels are 2 for acid cleaning and 12 for alkaline cleaning.

The RO system can be cleaned and sanitized with 2 different solutions, depending on what needs to
be removed:
Solution 1 (CC016) is recommended for inorganic fouling such as calcium precipitates and heavy
metal hydrated oxides. Calcium precipitates include carbonates and phosphates and are generally
found at the concentrate end of the system. Calcium precipitates are characterized by a marked
decrease in salt rejection and a moderate increase in DP between feed and concentrate and a slight
decrease in system production. Heavy metal hydrated oxides such as iron, nickel, aluminum, copper,
manganese and other heavy metals are typically characterized by a rapid decrease in salt rejection and
a rapid increase in DP between feed and concentrate and a rapid decrease in system production.

Solution 2 (CC-019) is specifically recommended for silt, silica and organics as well as mixed
colloids. Organic deposit fouling is generally characterized by a marked decrease in salt rejection
and a gradual increase in DP between feed and concentrate as well as a gradual decrease in system
production. Mixed organic and inorganic colloids (iron, silicates and organics) are characterized by
A slight decrease in salt rejection and a gradual increase in DP between feed and concentrate. Also, a
gradual decrease over several weeks in system production.

Calcium Sulfate Scale

Calcium sulfate scale results when the solubility limit of calcium sulfate is exceeded in the feedwater.
This may indicate a failure of the scale inhibitor injection system or a marked increase in feedwater
sulfates. Once precipitated, calcium sulfate is not readily dissolved. Operating the RO system for a
designated period at a lower than designed recovery may help dissolve calcium sulfate. Contact
Agape Water Solutions, Inc. for instructions regarding sufate scale cleaning.

Silica Coating
A silica coating not associated with either metal hydroxides or organic matter will usually respond
only to physical flushing, and then with limited results. Alkalis strong enough to loosen silica may
destroy the cellulose acetate RO membrane. Contact Agape Water Solutions, Inc. for instructions
related to a specific problem.

Organic Deposits
Organic deposits (e.g., microbiological slimes and molds) are best removed by using Solution 2. To
inhibit additional growth, recirculate and soak the membranes with an approved biocide solution.
This requires extended exposure to be effective; a biocide solution is best employed when an RO
block or train is to be left in a standby condition for more than three days. Contact Agape Water
Solutions, Inc. for the biocide best suited for specific conditions.

49
Prepare the solutions by proportioning the amount of chemicals to the amount of cleaning water to
be used. Use RO permeate or DI water if possible mix the solutions. Mix thoroughly.

WARNING!
Failure to adjust pH of the cleaning solutions to the listed values may permanently damage the
membranes.

Solution Ingredient Quantity pH Adjustment

1 CC016 1 gallon Adjust to pH 2.0
With additional CC016
RO-EDI Permeate 50 gallons as needed.

2 CC019 1 gallon Adjust to pH 12.0

with sodium hydroxide
RO-EDI Permeate 50 gallons as needed.

Avoid direct skin contact with cleaning chemicals. Wear safety glasses and protective clothing.

Pressure test cleaning apparatus with water before adding chemicals to tank.

To reduce the possibility of chemical sprays, relieve the pressure in chemical lines before
disassembly.

Follow the manufacturer’s chemical safety instructions on the container labels.

Check the pH level in any solution before letting it flow to the drain. Follow all discharge
limitations.

50
Minncare Sanitization

Mineral deposits should be removed with low pH acidic cleaner prior to sanitizing of the
membrane. Follow the membrane manufacturer’s recommended cleaning procedure; then flush the
unit with RO permeate (product water). The presence of iron or other transition metals in
conjunction with the hydrogen peroxide in Minncare could cause membrane degradation.

Biologic or organic fouling of the membrane or other parts of the system should be removed
with high pH Membrane cleaner. It is important to follow the membrane manufacturer’s
recommended cleaning procedure. After cleaning, flush the system with RO permeate.

1. Prepare a 1% solution by adding 1 part Minncare Cold Sterilant to 99 parts permeate water.
Fill the entire water circuit to be sanitized with the 1% solution and allow the diluted solution
to reach a minimum temperature of 20°C (68°F). Do not exceed the membrane
manufacturer’s recommended temperature.
2. Recirculate the 1% Minncare solution until the entire system is filled. Check concentration
levels by using Minncare® 1% Test Strips.
3. Allow the elements to soak in the 1% Minncare solution for a minimum of 36 minutes at
20°C (68°F) to a maximum contact time of 12 hours per sanitization. Contact time should be
based on the bacterial load in the RO system.
4. Rinse the RO system and check for residuals using Minncare Residual Test Strips. Follow the
directions on the Minncare Residual Test Strip label. The residual test strip should indicate
less than 2 ppm. Rinse times will vary depending on the size of the RO system.

Notes:
1. It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling.
2. Refer to package insert for complete Precautionary Statements and Directions for Use.
Minncare Cold Sterilant has a shelf-life of at least one year. Refer to the product label for shelf-life
of a specific lot.

Warning: Minncare should not be stored at its 1% use dilution because this will compromise its
effective concentration

51
RO Clean In Place Procedures

Cleaning RO Membranes
1. Review the data and determine the appropriate cleaning chemical as outlined in the Chemical
Preparation portion of this manual.
2. Turn RO microprocessor to OFF
3. Turn EDI power to OFF.
4. Close system manual isolation ball valves valves (BV-101, BV-102, BV-201 and BV-202)
5. Close needle valves (NV-101, NV-102 and NV-203)
6. Fully open concentrate throttling valve NV-103 and NV-202
7. Confirm RO automatic valves are closed (SV-101, SV-102 & SV-103 and SV-104).
8. Prepare the cleaning solution in the CIP tank per chemical instructions. Use RO or EDI
permeate water for chemical mixing.
9. Prepare CIP valves to mix chemical solution. Open CIP-102 (CIP pump) and CIP-103 (CIP
recirculation)
10. Start CIP pump and recirculation for adequate mixing time.
11. Slowly open CIP outlet valves directed to RO inlet and return lines to CIP tank.
12. Slowly open pump isolation valve to pump mixed cleaning solution to the vessel at
conditions of low flow rate (about 2-3 gpm) and low pressure to displace the water in the
membrane installation and in the piping. Use only enough pressure to compensate for the
pressure drop from feed to concentrate. The pressure should be low enough to minimize
permeate production and re-deposition of dirt on the membrane element. Dump the
concentrate and permeate, as necessary, to prevent dilution of the cleaning solution. The
initial cleaning solution exiting from the membrane system may be severely contaminated and
should be sent to drain as well (sometimes as high as 15-20% of the original volume of
cleaning solution). If necessary, refill the cleaning tank with fresh cleaning solution (Step 1).
13. After the process water and initial spent cleaning solution is displaced, fresh cleaning solution
will be present in the concentrate stream. Recycle the concentrate and permeate to the
cleaning solution tank and allow the pH to stabilize. Establish a cleaning flow rate of up to 5
gpm.
14. Recirculate the cleaning solution for 30 minutes. Check the pH during high cleaning. Do not
exceed the pH range of 2-12 or temperature range of 86 to 115 deg F. The low pH cleaner is
consumed when it dissolves inorganic precipitates. If the pH increases more than 0.5 pH
units, add more cleaner. Similarly, high pH cleaner is consumed when certain organics are
removed from the membrane surface. If the pH declines more than 0.5 pH units, add caustic.
If pH adjustments during cleaning are not applied, the solution may become saturated and
precipitation and re-deposition may occur. If the cleaning solution becomes very dirty, repeat
the recycle step with a fresh cleaning solution.
15. Turn the pump off and allow the elements to soak. Sometimes a soak period of about 1 hour
is sufficient. For difficult fouling, an extended soak period of 10-15 hours may be beneficial.
To maintain a high temperature and to improve efficiency of the cleaning solution during an
extended soak period, use a slow recirculation rate (about 1 gpm). Alternatively, intermittent
recirculation of the cleaning solution can be applied.
16. Feed the cleaning solution at 5 gpm for 30–60 minutes. The high flow rate flushes out the
contaminants removed from the membrane surface by the cleaning. If the foulants cannot be
dissolved with cleaning chemicals, a flow rate as high as 15 gpm may aid cleaning. However,

52
 at higher flow rates, excessive pressure drop may be a problem. If the feed spacer of the
elements is clogged, the flow rates have to be reduced in order not to exceed the maximum
pressure drops. The maximum recommended pressure drops for fiber glass reinforced
elements is 15 psig (1 bar) per element or 50 psig (3.4 bar) per multi-element vessel,
whichever value is more limiting.
17. Stop the CIP pump.
18. Drain cleaning chemicals from CIP tank and hose connections. Be sure neutralize pH prior
to drain and follow Safety Procedures outlined in this manual, MSDS sheets of the cleaning
chemicals, and your plant safety expert. Dispose of chemicals according to local law and
plant procedures.
19. Open isolations valves, and close CIP valves
20. Start RO system in RINSE mode. The system should be restarted with the permeate being
sent to drain. If DO NOT DIRECT THE RO PERMEATE TO STORAGE TANK. The
RO system needs to stabilize prior to taking any data. The RO stabilization period will vary
depending on the cleaning procedure and it may take several hours for the system to stabilize.
After alkaline cleaning, it may take up to a few days to stabilize.
21. Start up the RO and flush to the drain for 20 to 30 minutes until the pH readings are similar
to the readings taken prior to cleaning.
22. Flush CIP tank and pump by filling, recirculating and draining three times with RO permeate.
23. Fill CIP tank with RO permeate water. Prefiltered system inlet water can be used. To
minimize the risk of precipitation, the minimum flush out temperature should be 68°F.
24. Repeat steps with alternate cleaning chemicals as necessary.
25. Drain CIP tank

Cleaning EDI Membranes

1. Review the data and determine the appropriate cleaning chemical as outlined in the Chemical
Preparation portion of this manual.
2. Turn RO microprocessor to OFF
3. Turn EDI powerto OFF.
4. Close system manual isolation ball valves valves (BV-101, BV-102, BV-201 and BV-202)
5. Close needle valves (NV-101, NV-102 and NV-203)
6. Fully open concentrate throttling valve NV-103 and NV-202
7. Confirm RO automatic valves are closed (SV-101, SV-102 & SV-103 and SV-104).
8. Prepare the cleaning solution in the CIP tank per chemical instructions. Use RO or EDI
permeate water for chemical mixing.
9. Prepare CIP valves to mix chemical solution. Open CIP-102 (CIP pump) and CIP-103 (CIP
recirculation)
10. Start CIP pump and recirculation for adequate mixing time.
11. Slowly open CIP outlet valves directed to EDI inlet and EDI CIP return lines to CIP tank.
12. Slowly open pump isolation valve to pump mixed cleaning solution to the vessel at
conditions of low flow rate (about 0.5 gpm) and low pressure to displace the water in the
membrane installation and in the piping. Use only enough pressure to compensate for the
pressure drop from feed to concentrate. The pressure should be low enough to minimize
permeate production and re-deposition of dirt on the membrane element. Dump the
concentrate and permeate, as necessary, to prevent dilution of the cleaning solution. The
initial cleaning solution exiting from the membrane system may be severely contaminated and

53
 should be sent to drain as well (sometimes as high as 15-20% of the original volume of
cleaning solution). If necessary, refill the cleaning tank with fresh cleaning solution (Step 1).
13. After the process water and initial spent cleaning solution is displaced, fresh cleaning solution
will be present in the concentrate stream. Recycle the concentrate and permeate to the
cleaning solution tank and allow the pH to stabilize. Establish a cleaning flow rate of up to
0.55 gpm permeate and 0.25 gpm concentrate.
14. Recirculate the cleaning solution for 30 minutes. Check the pH during high cleaning. Do not
exceed the pH range as recommended by Ionpure. If the cleaning solution becomes very
dirty, repeat the recycle step with a fresh cleaning solution.
15. Turn the pump off and allow the elements to soak. Sometimes a soak period of about 1 hour
is sufficient. For difficult fouling, an extended soak period of 10-15 hours may be beneficial.
To maintain a high temperature and to improve efficiency of the cleaning solution during an
extended soak period, use a slow recirculation rate. Alternatively, intermittent recirculation of
the cleaning solution can be applied.
16. Feed the cleaning solution at 0.55 gpm product and 0.25 gpm concentrate for 30–60 minutes.
17. Stop the CIP pump.
18. Drain cleaning chemicals from CIP tank and hose connections. Be sure neutralize pH prior
to drain and follow Safety Procedures outlined in this manual, MSDS sheets of the cleaning
chemicals, and your plant safety expert. Dispose of chemicals according to local law and
plant procedures.
19. Open isolations valves, and close CIP valves
20. Start RO system in RINSE mode with EDI POWER OFF
21. The system should be restarted with the EDI permeate being sent to drain. If DO NOT
DIRECT THE EDI PERMEATE TO STORAGE TANK. The EDI system needs to
stabilize prior to taking any data. The EDI stabilization period will vary depending on the
cleaning procedure and it may take several hours for the system to stabilize.
22. After feed conductivity matched product conductivity power EDI on.
23. Flush CIP tank and pump by filling, recirculating and draining three times with RO or EDI
permeate.
24. Rise CIP tank with RO permeate water. Prefiltered system inlet water can be used. To
minimize the risk of precipitation, the minimum flush out temperature should be 68°F.
25. Repeat steps with alternate cleaning chemicals as necessary.
26. Drain CIP tank.

54
Troubleshooting
This section contains troubleshooting tips for the RO-EDI system. The troubleshooting chart in this
Section is a diagnostic guide. If the system does not respond to the recommended solutions, do not attempt
further repairs. Call Agape Water Solutions, Inc. for assistance. Before calling:

• Become thoroughly familiar with the module and all troubleshooting procedures.
• Prepare a list of all problems encountered while operating the equipment.
• Have your monitoring log sheets on hand.

Loss of salt rejection and loss of permeate flow are the most common problems encountered in reverse
osmosis (RO). Plugging of the feed channels associated with pressure drop increase is another typical
problem. If the rejection and/or the permeate flow decreases moderately and slowly, this may indicate a
normal fouling which can be handled by proper and regular cleaning (see Cleaning and Sanitation). An
immediate decline in performance indicates a defect or misoperation of the plant. In any case, it is essential
that the proper corrective measure is taken as early as possible because any delay decreases the chance of
restoring the plant performance – apart from other problems that might be created by an excessively low
permeate flow and/or too high permeate TDS.

Loss of product quality, inability to pass sufficient current (high stack resistance) and high pressure drop
are the most common problems with EDI. These symptoms can often be recovered with cleaning if taken
care of immediately. If the cleaning is not done soon enough, the performance may not be recovered in
time. Another common problem with EDI is internal oxidation damage. If the pretreatment system
dechlorination control is not properly maintained, chlorine damage can permanently damage the EDI
module.

A prerequisite for early detection of potential problems is proper record keeping and plant performance
normalization. This includes proper calibration of all instruments. Without accurate readings it might be
too late before a problem is detected and corrected.

Once a performance decline has been identified, the first step in solving the problem is to localize the
problem and to identify the cause(s) of the problem. The first step is to evaluate the performance and the
operation of the system. This can be done using the data of the record keeping logsheet or of some
additional on-line measurements. Then some checks and system tests should be made. Troubleshooting is
much more effective if certain system features and equipment are provided. If the system data is not
sufficient in determining the cause(s) and to recommend corrective action, one or more membrane
elements must be taken from the plant and analyzed. Element performance analysis includes non-
destructive and destructive analysis. Finally, corrective measures are taken to restore the plant performance
and to avoid future problems.

55
Troubleshooting Loss of RO Performance

Problem Possible Cause Correction

Control Panel Power is Blown Fuse Replace Fuse

Off
Power Disconnect open Verify power disconnect switch is closed

Automatic Valve will Low Air Pressure Confirm air pressure is at least 80 psi and
not open all connections are secure

Limit Switch Connection Confirm limit switch is operating

loose properly.

Solenoid valve failure Replace Solenoid Valve

Low RO permeate flow Low Temperature Open Pump Throttling Valve. Do not
operate below minimum temperature.

Flow meters not calibrated Calibrate all instrumentation on schedule

correctly

RO system not shut down Flush using RO or EDI product water

and flush properly. on shutdown.

Membranes are fouled. Identify cause of fouling. Perform

Cleaning.

Loss of RO rejection RO feed pressure too low Close concentrate Throttling Valve. Do
not operate above maximum recovery.

Conductivity probes not Calibrate all instrumentation on schedule

calibrate correctly

Recovery too high Adjust RO recovery to 75%.

O-ring Leak Inspect all o-ring seals. Replace as

necessary.

Membranes are fouled. Identify cause of fouling. Perform

Cleaning.

Have the membrane been Oxidation damage. Replace membranes.

exposed to chlorine?

Membrane have aged. Replace membranes

56
EDI Troubleshooting
Problem
EDI Module Leaks
Poor water quality with power
ON to unit
Loss of flow and/or increased
feed pressure
Possible Cause
Module piping adapters are loose
Module bolts have loosened
during shipment, movement or
operation.
EDI module is defective
Operating current incorrectly
set.
Concentrate Pressure Higher
than Dilute Pressure
Blown Fuse
Poor RO product quality
Wiring backwards.
Obstruction Downstream
Loss of Feed Water Pressure
Module is scaled, fouled or
oxidized.
EDI module is plugged with
particles.
57
Correction
Tighten adapters, check gaskets
and O-rings
Contact Agape Water Solutions,
Inc. for instructions for
retorquing bolts.
Contact Agape Water Solutions
Measure feed conductivity and
CO2. Recalculate current
according to VNX manual
and adjust as necessary.
Adjust Pressures
Turn EDI power off and check
fuses
Test RO permeate. Confirm it
meets EDI feed water
requirements.
Turn EDI power off and check
wiring
Check if a downstream valve is
inadvertently closed.
1. Check if an upstream valve is
inadvertently closed.
2. Check for leaks or if an
upstream bypass valve is
inadvertently open.
3. Check feed source output (for
example, a pump).
See troubleshooting flow chart in
VNX manual
See troubleshooting flow chart in
VNX manual
Warranty
Warranty

In the event of an part or parts being found defective due to poor workmanship, Seller will undertake to
repair or replace, free of charge, the defective part(s) providing that the Equipment is operated and
maintained as per instructions issued by Seller and part manufacturer, and that such parts(s) are removed
by Buyer and returned to Seller freight paid, or repaired on site at Seller’s sole discretion. The warranty will
be applicable for a period of eighteen (18) calendar months from the date of shipment, or twelve (12)
calendar months from the date of initial start-up, whichever occurs first. Buyer must give Seller notice in
writing of any alleged defect covered by this warranty (together with all identifying details, including the
serial number, the type of Equipment, and the date of purchase) within thirty (30) days after the discovery
of such defect during the warranty period. No claim made more than thirty (30) days after the expiration
of the warranty period shall be valid.

The Membranes are conditionally warranted for three (3) years. Membrane replacement shall be done on a
rated basis based on the amount of the three (3) years actually used. The replacement price for membranes
is calculated as follows:

(Current Price) X (Months of Operation) / 36 months

Conditions of the Membrane warranty are as follows:

1. System is operated in accordance with Seller’s operating and maintenance manuals and Seller’s
recommended service contract.

2. Feed water has remained within the parameters spelled out in this proposal, or as later may be
agreed in writing. These parameters must be logged at intervals defined in RO membrane manufacturer’s
warranty and include such items as:

a. Silt Density Index

b. Chlorine levels

c. Hardness, Iron and Manganese levels

d. Temperatures

e. Operating flow rates and pressures

f. Feed conductivity, pH and ORP and Permeate conductivity

g. Pretreatment operations

Buyer must maintain adequate records of analytical results to verify these parameters. No Guarantee work
will be commenced until Agape Water Solutions, Inc.. has received 100% payment.

58
The Order is governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania and of the United States of America. Buyer acknowledges that such State and Country bear a
substantial relationship to the transaction and that Buyer and Seller voluntarily, freely and expressly agree to
the choice of law provision.

Responsibility

Seller’s Owner’s Manual contains general and specific operating and maintenance instructions for the
Equipment supplied by Seller, which must be observed by all persons operating or working on the
Equipment. However, the equipment is not intended for the use by untrained or inexperienced
persons. Training provided by Seller, whether it is “Hands On Training” or “Classroom Training,” is
designed to give an overview and a general understanding of the operating features of the
Equipment. A full understanding of all aspects of the Equipment, including water treatment and
processes, can only be achieved through extensive study and working experience. Corrosive
Chemicals, which are INHERENTLY DANGEROUS, may be used within the Equipment’s water
treatment system. Extreme Caution must be exercised at all times when working on or near the
Equipment. Operator attention is directed to the “Personnel Safety Procedures” of the Owner’s
Manual as well as to Buyer’s own company safety policies for the details of the protection equipment
that operators must wear and for the safety systems that must be operable if operators are going to
work with or near these hazards.

During field service, Seller’s Service Engineer or Technician shall act in an advisory and consulting
capacity to interpret drawings and/or other printed material and recommend sequence of work in
construction, installation, start-up, troubleshooting, and repair services. Unless specified in writing to
the contrary, all labor, materials, tools, equipment, and facilities necessary for the execution of work
shall be supplied by Buyer or Buyer’s designee. Seller will submit to Buyer service summary reports.

Limitation of Liability

Seller’s total liability on all claims of any kind, whether in contract, warranty, tort (including
negligence), strict liability, indemnity, or otherwise, arising out of the performance or breach of
contract or use of any Equipment shall not exceed the contract price payable to Seller that is
allocable to the Equipment giving rise to the claim. All liability under this Order shall terminate three
(3) years after the delivery date of the Equipment giving rise to the claim. In no event, whether as a
result of breach of contract, warranty, tort (including negligence), strict liability, indemnity, or
otherwise, shall Seller or its subcontractors or suppliers be liable for loss of profit or revenues, loss of
use of the Equipment or any associated equipment, cost of capital, cost of substitute equipment,
facilities, services or replacement power, downtime costs, claims of Buyer’s customers for such
damages, or for any collateral, special, consequential, incidental, indirect or exemplary damages, loss
of profits, or for actual losses or for loss of production or progress of construction, regardless of the
cause of such damages or losses.

THIS WARRANTY IS THE SOLE WARRANTY OF SELLER AND SELLER HEREBY

EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS AND BUYER WAIVES ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED,

59
IMPLIED IN LAW OR IMPLIED IN FACT, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Seller’s sole obligation under this warranty shall be, at its sole option, to repair or replace any
Equipment that has a defect covered by this warranty, or to refund the purchase price of such
Equipment. Under the terms of this warranty, Seller shall not be liable for (a) consequential,
collateral, special or liquidated losses or damages; (b) Equipment conditions caused by normal wear
and tear, abnormal conditions of use, accident, neglect, or misuse of said equipment; (c) the expense
of, and loss or damage caused by, repairs or alterations made by anyone other than Seller; (d) damage
caused by abrasive materials, chemicals, scale deposits, corrosion, lightning, improper voltage, over
pressure, water hammer, mishandling, or other similar conditions; (e) any loss, damage, or expense
relating to or resulting from installation, removal or reinstallation of equipment; (f) any labor costs or
charges incurred in repairing or replacing defective equipment or parts, including the cost of
reinstalling parts that are repaired or replaced by Seller; (g) any expense of shipment of equipment or
repaired or replacement parts; or (h) any other loss, damage or expense of any nature.
User agrees to comply in all respects with any and all applicable federal, state and local laws and
regulations.

CONFIDENTIALITY: Buyer will not attempt to reproduce, disassemble, reverse engineer or try to
use in any way knowledge obtained from any of Seller’s modules or material, or design concepts and
information contained in the Order, which documents and information (collectively, the “Trade
Secrets”) are the sole property of Seller and are submitted in confidence. Buyer will not transfer the
Trade Secrets and will not disclose, reproduce, loan or use the Trade Secrets in any manner other
than the Order without Seller’s express written consent. In no event shall Buyer use the Trade
Secrets in any manner detrimental to Seller’s interests.

60