International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research

Vol. 3(1), pp. 015-017, May, 2020. © www.premierpublishers.org, ISSN: 6632-0771

Review Article

Review on Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities

of Leaves of Ormocarpum cochinchinense
*1P. Babu, 2K. Bhuvaneswari, 3K. Vivekanandan, 4N. Harikrishnan
1,2,3,4Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600077, Tamilnadu.

Several plants possess a variety of biologically active compounds. Among them Ormocarpum
cochinchinense, belonging to the family Fabaceae is an important traditional plant, which
potentially shows good effect in bone fracture healing. The objectives of this paper are
categorized in 3 groups. First, reviewing the available literature on the potential health effects of
Ormocarpum cochinchinense, second, providing an insight to the potential implications of the
studies reviewed in the context of possible compounds and therapeutic applications in health
management, and third, identifying the fields of interests for future researches.

Key words: Ormocarpum cochinchinense, flavonoids, alkaloids, betacyanin, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal,
anticancer.

INTRODUCTION

Botanical name: Ormocarpum cochinchinense Phytoconstituents

Family: Fabaceae,
Erect subshrubs. Leaves pinnately 10-13-foliolate; leaflets
alternate, 2-3 x 1.2 cm, obovate-oblong; petiole slender;
stipule ovate. Flowers in slender axillary, 6-10 cm long,
racemes; bracts ovate; calyx 6 mm long, lobes ovate,
acute, hairy; corolla 8 mm, long, pink; standard clawed,
wings 5 x 4 mm, orbicular, auricled; stamens
monadelphous, spitting later; ovary linear, many-ovuled,
hispid. Pods 2-3 cm long, 1-4 jointed; joints oblong.
(Sasidh. et al., 1996).
Alkaloids, betacyanin, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and
saponins were present in the leaf extract of Ormocarpum
cochinchinense (M. Pazhanisamy et al., 2013). According
to (A. Hannah et al., 2016) alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins
terpenoids, phenols, phytosterols, saponins were present
in the leaf extract of O. cochinchinense. Sivakumar et al.,
2013 research work indicates the presence of flavonoids,
terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, gums,
resins, coumarins, glycosides, carbohydrates.
FT-IR vibrational bands confirmed that the fractions of O.
cochinchinense had lots of biologically active compounds
which include H–Bonded Phenols, alkanes, carboxylic
acid, flavonoids, polyphenols, catechins, aromatics, and
aliphatic amines (sivakumar et al., 2019).

*Corresponding Author: P. Babu, Faculty of Pharmacy,

Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai
600077, Tamilnadu.
Email: babu.pharm@drmgrdu.ac.in
Co-Authors 2Email: bhuvana.kannappan@gmail.com
3
Email: vivekanandan.pharm@drmgrdu.ac.in
4
LEAVES OF ORMOCARPUM COCHINCHINENSE Email: harikrishnan.pharm@drmgrdu.ac.in

Review on Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities of Leaves of Ormocarpum cochinchinense

Babu et al. 016
The level of calcium in the plant was found to be the reason
for bone healing effect. So, the calcium in leaves extract
and callus developed from leaves of O. Cochinchinense
was examined. Result reveals that calcium in the leaves
extract was high compared to callus extract (K.M. Maria
John et al., 2011).
The Ag nanoparticles were synthesized from Ormocarpum
cochinchinense. The particles synthesized were
approximately 88 nm and the organic group responsible
for the reduction was found to be alcohol. Varying
concentrations of the nanoparticle in the bioscaffold
suspension were experimented in the prepared freeze-
dried scaffold and optimized (winny et al., 2016).
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Antimicrobial
The highest antibacterial activity was due to abundant
phenols and tannins whereas the maximum antifungal
activity was due to presence of alkaloids in the leaves
extract of O. cochinchinense. (A. Hannah et al., 2016)
Antioxidant
The best antioxidant activity was due to presence of high
amount of flavonoids, tannins and saponins (A. Hannah et
al., 2016). M. Pazhanisamy et al., 2013 had proved a good
antioxidant property up to a level of 73.4% in leaves extract
of O. cochinchinense. Sivakumar et al., 2013 research
work indicate the high antioxidant activity is due to rich
amount of flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins,
coumerins and resin.
Bone healing
The histopathological study of bone tissue at the defected
area/site was carried out by euthanizing the animals, each
at the interval of 3 weeks postoperatively. However, there
was a high elevation in the serum alkaline phosphatase
level in all the animals and, it was clear that the level of Ca
on the seventh day reduced, after which the serum Ca
deposition increased. Inorganic phosphorus levels were
increased on the seventh and fourteenth days of healing
followed by a decrease to normal. Alkaline phosphatases
were involved in bone formation and healing of fractures
(Dineshkumar et al., 2013).
Antimalarial
In this research, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were rapidly
synthesized using the aqueous leaf extract
of Ormocarpum cochinchinense. Theacute toxicity of O.
cochinchinense leaf extract and synthesized Ag NP was
evaluated against larvae of the malaria vectorAnopheles
stephensi, the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and the
filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus. Compared to the
Review on Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities of Leaves of Ormocarpum cochinchinense
leaf aqueous extract, synthesized Ag NPs showed high
toxicity against A. stephensi, A. aegypti and C.
quinquefasciatus, with LC50 values of 10.43, 11.26 and
12.35 μg/mL, respectively. Synthesized Ag NPs were
found safer to non-target mosquito predators Diplonychus
indicus and Gambusia affinis, with LC50 values ranging
from 522.13 to 637.70 μg/mL (MarimuthuGovindarajan et
al., 2016).
Anticancer
The synthesis of crystalline CuO NPs from the leaf extract
of O. cochinchinense were confirmed by various analytical
techniques like UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM and
SAED pattern. Further the synthesized CuO NPs were
screened for anticancer activity on human colon cancer
cell lines (HCT-116) by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-tiazolyl)-
2,5-diphenyl-2-tetrazolium bromide) assay. The obtained
result inferred that the synthesized CuO NPs
demonstrated high anticancer cytotoxicity on human colon
cancer cell lines (HCT-116) with IC50 value of 40μgmL-
1(Gnanavel V et al., 2017).
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The leaves of O. cochinchinense contains active
constituents such as alkaloids, betacyanin, cardiac
glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, phenols,
phytosterols and saponins. The highest antibacterial
activity was due to abundant phenols and tannins whereas
the maximum antifungal activity was due to presence of
alkaloids. The best antioxidant activity was due to
presence of high amount of flavonoids, tannins and
saponins. Rich amount of calcium is responsible for bone
healing activity. Copper oxide nanoparticle is responsible
for anticancer activity. Compared to the leaf aqueous
extract, synthesized Ag NPs from the leaf showed high
toxicity against mosquito predators.
CONCLUSION
Tradionally the leaves of O. cochinchinense was used in
curing the bone fracture. This review helps to know active
constituents present in the leaves and the compound
responsible for curing the bone bone fracture. Further we
can focuses on proper formulation from leaves of O.
cochinchinense to cure the bone fracture.
REFERENCE
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study on the effect of solvents on the phytochemical
profile and biological potential of Ormocarpum
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Gnanavel V, Palanichamy V, Roopan SM, 2017
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vitro synthesis of calcite crystals from Ormocarpum
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Int. J. Pharm. Phytothe. Res. 017
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Accepted 29 May 2020
Citation: Babu P, Bhuvaneswari K, Vivekanandan K,
Harikrishnan N (2020). Review on Phytoconstituents and
Pharmacological Activities of Leaves of Ormocarpum
cochinchinense. International Journal of Pharmacognosy
and Phytotherapy Research, 3(1): 015-017.
Copyright: © 2020: Babu et al. This is an open-access
article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author and source are cited.