Subgenus Section Subsection Link to Species; Notes

Pinus Trifoliae Duhamel Attenuatae Van The fire-adapted, closed-cone pines of California and neighboring
Der Burgh areas: P. attenuata, P. muricata, and P. radiata.

Australes Loudon Based on the analysis of Hernández-León et al. (2013):

A moderately distinct Mexican group includes P. herrerae, P. patula, P. tecunumanii,
and P. teocote. P. georginae, P. lawsonii and P. luzmariae are sister to this clade.
Sister to the above clade is P. jaliscana.
Sister to the above clade is a SE U.S.-Caribbean group that includes P. caribaea.
Sister to the above clade is another Mexican group that
includes P. oocarpa and P. praetermissa.
Sister to the above clade is a heterogenous clade that includes P. leiophylla and P. greggii.
These species don't appear, morphologically, to be especially
similar. P. pringlei and P. lumholtzii also belong in one of the above groups, but their
positions are unresolved.
Finally, P. vallartensis has not yet been studied using molecular taxonomy, but has
characters resembling P. jaliscana and P. oocarpa.
Ponderosae Pines of the W U.S. and Mexico. Relationships within the group are unclear, but cone
Louden morphology and molecular data suggest that P. coulteri form a distinct lineage.
There is also a generally perceived close relationship
between P. arizonica, P. engelmannii, P. jeffreyi, P. ponderosa, and P. yecorensis.
Other species in the group, phylogenetic status unknown, include the Mexican
taxa P. devoniana, P. douglasiana, P. durangensis, P. hartwegii, P. maximinoi, P. montezu
mae, and P. pseudostrobus.
Contortae Little et North America, including P. contorta.
Critchfield
Strobus Quinquefoliae Strobus Loudon The "classic" white pines of North America: P. ayacahuite, P. chiapensis, P. lambertiana,
Lemmon Duhamel and P. strobus.
The "strobiformis" complex, an extended cline: P. flexilis, P. strobiformis, and P. stylesii.
Parrya Mayr Nelsoniae Van Der The unique Mexican pine P. nelsonii.
Burgh
Rzedowskiae C A "primitive" group of piñon pines: P. maximartinezii, P. pinceana, and P. rzedowskii.
arvajal
Cembroides The piñon pines: the "cembroides"
Engelmann group P. cembroides, P. edulis, P. monophylla, P. quadrifolia, and P. remota; and
the "discolor" group P. culminicola, P. discolor, P. johannis, and P. orizabensis.