ECLARO ACADEMY

Paragon Place, 17 Commonwealth Ave, Quezon City, 1126 Metro Manila

COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM
COURSE SYLLABUS IN AUTOMATA THEORY AND FORMAL LANGUAGES

COURSE TITLE : AUTOMATA THEORY AND FORMAL LANGUAGES

COURSE CODE : CS 222
COURSE CREDIT : 3 units
PRE-REQUISITES : CS 316 Software Engineering 1
PLACEMENT : Third Year, Second Semester
COURSE DESCRIPTION :
This course covers topics in abstract machine and language, finite automata, regular expressions; push down automata, and contest-
free languages and pumping lemma. Also, it discusses machines and recursively enumerable languages and other properties dealing
with grammars and machine languages.

SCHOOL VISION :
To be among Asia’s top academic institutions committed to nurture innovative learners and develop excellent leaders through
technology-oriented, environmentally-sound, and globally-competitive education

SCHOOL MISSION :
To transform the knowledge, skills and attitudes of learners in order for them to become holistic, individuals and useful members of a
fast-changing global community

ECLARO ACADEMY GRADUATE ATTRIBUTE INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Integrity The learners should be able to:
Service 1. Describe the sources of obligations and their concepts.
Excellence 2. Identify the specific circumstances affecting obligations in general.
Empathy 3. Explain the duties of obligor in obligation to do or not to do.
4. Enumerate and explain the grounds for the extinguishment of obligation.
5. Explain reformation and interpretation of contracts.
6. Explain the formalities of contracts.
7. Identify, explain and differentiate defective contracts
PROGRAM OUTCOMES : At the end of the program, the students will:
1. resolve business issues and problems, with a global and strategic perspective using their knowledge and technical proficiency in
 the areas of financial accounting and reporting, cost accounting and management, management accounting and control, taxation
and accounting information systems;
2. conduct Accounting Information System research through independent studies of relevant literature and appropriate use of
accounting theory and methodologies;
3. employ technology as a business tool in capturing financial and non-financial information, generating reports and making decisions;
4. apply knowledge and skills that will enable them to successfully respond to various types of assessments (including professional
licensure and certifications); and
5. confidently maintain a commitment to good corporate citizenship, social responsibility and ethical practice in performing functions
as an accountant.
COURSE OUTCOMES : Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Provide an overview of law and the Philippine legal system.
2. Guide on their study of legal principles relating to obligations and contracts by exposing them to relevant primary and secondary
materials and facilitating discussions on the application of these principles to actual or hypothetical cases.
BASIC TEXTBOOK : De Leon, et. al
THE LAW ON OBLIGATION AND CONTRACTS
Rex Bookstore, 2014
REFERENCES : Gregorio, Danilo Igano
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION LAW: COMPILATION ON LAW ON OBLIGATION AND CONTRACT
Gregorio International Enterprise, 2014

Suarez, Carlos B.
THE LAW ON OBLIGATION AND CONTRACTS FOR BUSINESS STUDENTS
GIC Enterprises, 2000

Civil Code of the Philippines, Article 1156 – Article 1439

www.chanrobles.com/civilcodeofthephilippinesbook4.htm

cpadiary.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/oblicon-legal-notes.pdf

COURSE OUTLINE
LEARNING OUTCOMES TOPIC TIME STRATEGIES/ RESOURCES ASSESSMENT
FRAME ACTIVITIES
Discuss the vision and School Vision and Mission 1 hr Collaborative One paragraph summary
mission of Eclaro Academy discussion and Eclaro Academy of Eclaro Academy
sharing Student Handbook Vision and Mission
Statement
 A. OBLIGATIONS
1. Describe the sources of 1. General Provisions on Obligations Lecture Textbook Performance Task
obligations and their 1.1 Definition of obligation Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
concepts. 3 hrs Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Individual
1.2 Elements
2. Enumerate and explain Learning Tasks assignments
the different kinds of 1.3 Sources of obligations - Oral Task
obligations. (a) Law Recitation
(b) Contract
(c) Acts or omissions punishable by Written Work
law - Long Test
(d) Quasi-contract - Quizzes
- Major Exam
(e) Quasi-delict

1. Identify the specific 2. Nature and Effect of Obligations 4 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
circumstances affecting 2.1 Prestations/Objects Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
obligations in general. 2.2 Things required to be delivered Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Individual
2. Explain the duties of Learning Tasks assignments
2.3 Accessory obligations
obligor in obligation to do - Oral Task
or not to do. 2.4 Compliance with obligations Recitation
2.5 Breach of obligations
(a) Delay Written Work
(b) Fraud - Long Test
(c) Negligence - Quizzes
2.6 Fortuitous event - Major Exam
2.7 Remedies

3. Classification of Obligations
1. Enumerate and explain 3.1 Pure and Conditional 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the different kinds of a. Pure obligations Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
obligations Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Individual
b.Conditional obligations
Learning Tasks assignments
(i) Suspensive vs. resolutory - Oral Task
conditions Recitation
(ii) Potestative, casual and mixed
conditions Written Work
(iii) Impossible conditions - Long Test
 c. Effects of conditions - Quizzes
d. Constructive fulfillment of - Major Exam
suspensive condition
e. Retroactive effects of fulfillment of
suspensive condition
f. Rights of creditor pending fulfillment
of suspensive condition
g. Loss, improvement, deterioration of
thing to be delivered pending the
fulfillment of suspensive
condition/resolutory condition
h. Unilateral/reciprocal obligations
i. Effect of mutual breach

3.2 Obligations with a Period

1. Enumerate and explain a. Suspensive period vs. resolutory 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the different kinds of period Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
obligations Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Individual
b. Effects of a period
Learning Tasks assignments
c. When courts may fix a period - Oral Task
d. Benefit or use of the period Recitation
3.3 Alternative Obligations and Facultative
Obligations Written Work
a. Alternative v. facultative obligations - Long Test
b. Alternative prestations at debtor's - Quizzes
- Major Exam
choice
c. Alternative prestations at creditor's
choice
d. Facultative obligations

3.4 Joint and Solidary Obligations

1. Enumerate and explain a. Joint obligation - presumed 4 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the different kinds of b. Solidary obligation Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
obligations Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Individual
(i) Active solidarity
Learning Tasks assignments
(ii) Passive solidarity - Oral Task
 c. Indivisibility does not give rise to Recitation
solidarity or vice-versa
d. Solidarity with different terms and Written Work
- Long Test
conditions
- Quizzes
e. Prohibited acts - Major Exam
f. Demand by any of the solidary
creditors
g. Effect of novation, compensation,
confusion or remission
h. Payment by a solidary co-debtor
3.5 Divisible and Indivisible Obligations
a. Divisible obligation
b. Kinds of division
c. Obligations deemed divisible
d. Indivisible obligation
e. Kinds of indivisibility
f. Effect of non-compliance by a co-
debtor in a joint indivisible obligation
g. Obligations deemed indivisible
3.6 Obligations with a Penal Clause
a. Nature, purpose and kinds of penal
clause
b. Effects
c. Proof of actual damages not
necessary
d. Reduction of penalty
e. Effect of nullity of penal clause
f. Effect of nullity of principal obligation
on penal clause
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
4. Extinguishment of Obligations
1. Enumerate and explain 4.1 Payment or performance 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the grounds for the a. What constitutes payment Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
extinguishment of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
b. Payor
obligation. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
 c. Payee assignments
d. Manner/mode of payment - Oral Task
e. Special forms of payment Recitation
 Payment by cession
Written Work
 Tender of payment and - Long Test
consignation - Quizzes
f. Application of payment - Major Exam
g. Currency
h. Place of payment
i. Expenses/Costs in payment
4.2 Loss of Determinate Thing Due
1. Enumerate and explain a. Effect of loss of a determinate 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the grounds for the thing/impossibility of performance Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
extinguishment of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
b. Exceptions
obligation. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
c. Partial loss of thing assignments
d. Difficulty of service to be rendered - Oral Task
e. Remedy of creditor against third Recitation
parties
Written Work
- Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

4.3 Condonation or Remission

1. Enumerate and explain a. Concept and nature of 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the grounds for the condonation/remission Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
extinguishment of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
b. Implied condonation
obligation. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
c. Effect of renunciation of principal assignments
debt - Oral Task
d. Presumed remission of pledge Recitation

Written Work
- Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam
 4.4 Confusion or Merger of Rights
1. Enumerate and explain a. Concept 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the grounds for the b. Effect on guarantors Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
extinguishment of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
c. As applied to joint obligations,
obligation. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
solidary obligations and indivisible assignments
obligations - Oral Task
Recitation

Written Work
- Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

4.5 Compensation
1. Enumerate and explain a. Concept 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the grounds for the b. Kinds Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
extinguishment of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
(i) Voluntary
obligation. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
(ii) Judicial assignments
(iii) Legal - Oral Task
c. Obligations which cannot be subject Recitation
of compensation
d. Effects Written Work
e. Effect of assignment of credit - Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

4.6 Novation
1. Enumerate and explain a. Concept, requisites and kinds 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
the grounds for the b. Modes Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
extinguishment of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
(i) Substitution of debtor
obligation. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
(ii) Change of principal assignments
obligation or object - Oral Task
(iii) Subrogation Recitation
(aa) Conventional subrogation
(bb) Legal subrogation Written Work
- Long Test
 c. Effects - Quizzes
- Major Exam
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
B. CONTRACTS
1. Explain the concepts and 1. Concept 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
classification. 2. General principles or tenets Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
2. Describe the elements Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
2.1 Autonomy
and stages. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
2.2 Consensuality assignments
2.3 Mutuality - Oral Task
2.4 Binding effect Recitation
2.5 Relativity
3. Stages Written Work
- Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

4. Elements
1. Explain consent and its 4.1 Consent 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
requisites. a. Offer Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
b. Acceptance
Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
c. Parties assignments
d. Effect of lack of capacity or - Oral Task
authority and disqualification Recitation
e. Vices of consent
(i) Mistake Written Work
(ii) Violence and intimidation - Long Test
- Quizzes
(iii) Undue influence
- Major Exam
(iv) Fraud
f. Simulation of contracts

4.2 Object
1. Describe the object and a. Requisites 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
cause of contracts. b. Matters which cannot be object of Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
contract
Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
4.3 Cause
 a. Concept assignments
b. Distinguished from motives - Oral Task
c. Absence/unlawful cause Recitation
d. Statement of false cause
Written Work
e. Inadequacy of cause - Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

1. Explain reformation and 5. Form of Contracts 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
interpretation of contracts. 6. Reformation of Instruments Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
2. Explain the formalities of Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
7. Interpretation of Contracts
contracts. Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
assignments
- Oral Task
Recitation

Written Work
- Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

8. Defective Contracts
1. Identify, explain and 8.1 Rescissible Contracts 3 hrs Lecture Textbook Performance Task
differentiate defective a. Rescissible contracts Sharing Multimedia - Written Task
contracts Brainstorming Worksheets Essay, Case
b. Rescission
Case Analysis Learning Tasks Analysis, Individual
(i) Nature assignments
(ii) Extent permitted - Oral Task
c. Fraudulent transactions Recitation
8.2 Voidable Contracts
a. Voidable contracts Written Work
b. Action for annulment - Long Test
- Quizzes
c. Ratification
- Major Exam
d. Effect of loss of thing
(i) Loss after decree of
annulment
 (ii) Loss before action to annul

8.3 Unenforceable Contracts Performance Task

1. Identify, explain and a. Unenforceable contracts 3 hrs Lecture Textbook - Written Task
differentiate defective b. Effect of ratification Sharing Multimedia Essay, Case
contracts Brainstorming Worksheets Analysis, Individual
c. Who may raise defect
Case Analysis Learning Tasks assignments
8.4 Void or Inexistent Contracts - Oral Task
a. Void/inexistent contracts Recitation
b. Effects
Written Work
- Long Test
- Quizzes
- Major Exam

FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE REQUIREMENTS :
Attendance
Active Classroom Participation
Individual Assignments
Group Discussion/Presentation
Case Analysis
Term Examinations
GRADING SYSTEM :
Percentage General
Class Standing and Attendance - 40% % Equivalent Classification
Other Outputs - 30%
Term Examinations - 30%____ 98 – 100 1.00 Excellent
TOTAL 100% 95 – 97 1.25 Superior
92 – 94 1.50 Very Good
89 – 91 1.75 Good
86 – 88 2.00 Good
83 – 85 2.25 Satisfactory
80 – 82 2.50 Satisfactory
77 – 79 2.75 Fair
75 – 76 3.00 Passing
70 – 74 5.00 Failed
AW Authorized Withdrawal
UW Unauthorized Withdrawal