4 DAYS EXCURSION RESEARCH REPORT ON

POKHARA,GHANDRUK,BANDIPUR

By
Balram kumar singh

Chandani yadav

Pratap shah
Saurav bhatta
Sikshya karki
Surya bdr thapa

A Excursion Research Report Submitted to

BBA Faculty, School of Management
Kathford International College of Engineering and Management

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)

at the
Kathford International College of Engineering and Management
Tribuvan University

Place
Month,Year

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 Introduction
Background

Nepal is small but very beautiful country. Tourism cans very important
industry. for our country. It has the highest mountain, Mt.Everest, the flowing
Himalayan Rivers, glaciers, large lake, green valleys, and lovely water falls;
the national parks in the Terai and Himalayan range are all the attractions for
tourists.. The number of international tourists arriving in Nepal according to
2018 is 24.8 %( 1173072).

History of the tourism in Nepal

In ancient history tourism is mainly based on the cultural purpose.In
lichchhiavi dynasty (400-750 A.D) Araniko visited Tibet and flourished
Nepali art there. During lichchhiavi and mall period there had been enormous
progress of art and culture were developed. 1950’s is considered most
important period in Nepal’s tourism development, world famous 14 over 8000
m peaks 7 of at in Nepal were conquered. In fact, tourism in Nepal began with
mountain tourism. In 1956 AD national tourism council setup 5 years, tourism
development plan under the ministry of industry and commerce. In 1998
Nepal tourism board was established to promote tourism sector. In 1992 necon
air and Asian airlines come into existence. Nepal celebrates “visit Nepal 98”
to strengthen Nepal tourism, during 1950 -1998 Nepal became hot sport for
holy day makers, adventure seekers and cultural tourists.
eco-tourism in Nepal Eco-tourism is not entirely clear, yet it can be said that
eco-tourism is the outcome of environmental movement of 1970 and 1980
growing tourism lead to increase demand for nature.it is very clear that
ecotourism developed with in the wombs of environmental of 1970s and
1980s. One of the first to use it appears to have been hater1965 who identify
four pillars of responsible tourism: minimize environmental impacts,
respecting host culture maximizing the benefits of local people and
maximizing tourist satisfaction.
Ecotourism is travel activities that ensures direct economic benefit to local
people and should focus on minimum impact on natural environment and
protect the conservation. It also teaches the travelers something about the
nature and culture of the area which they visit.  The main focus of Eco-tourism
is on those areas which are rich in biodiversity, wildlife and respect cultural
heritage.
Glistening clusters of peaks in the Himalayas, green forest, gently sloping
hills, whitewater’s, fertile valleys with unique diverse of flora and fauna
become always main attractions in Nepal. These undeniable natural
exquisiteness and charms has made Nepal a perfect location for Eco-tourism
lovers
We ensure that any tour and travel program related to ecotourism we operate
will help to raise the economic activities of the local people, respecting their

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culture and empower them by creating better understanding between the hosts
and visitors.

Phewa Lakeside pokhara , Ghandruk ,Bandipur

Phewa lake and water sports is one of the major tourist attraction
of Pokhara city and the north shore of the lake has developed into a tourist
district, commonly called Lake-Side, with hotels, restaurants and bars catering
to the tourists. The water from Phewa Lake’s outlet is used to generate
electricity. The Phewa Power House is located about 1.5 km (0.93 mi) from
the southern part of the Phewa Lake. A part of the lake is also used as
commercial caged fisheries. Tal Barahi Temple, located at the center of Phewa
Lake, is the most important religious monument of Pokhara. This two-storied
pagoda is believed to be dedicated to one of the Hindu gods known as Vishnu.
It usually gets crowded on Saturdays. Sarangkot and paragliding, Sarangkot is
the only one place in Nepal for paragliding, from where you can fly over the
Fewa Lake. The Annapurna range on the north is only about 28 km (linear
distance) away from the lake. The lake is also famous for the reflection of
mount Machhapuchhre and other mountain peaks of
the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri ranges on its surface. The Tal Barahi Temple is
situated on an island in the lake.

Ghandruk is a beautiful town and a Village Development Committee (VDC)

in Kaski District in Gandaki zone of north-central Nepal. The Ghandruk trek is
most popular for wonderful Gurung culture, the beautiful village, geographical
differences and the fantastic views of the mountains .The Ghandruk village is
also called Stone Village and Konda in local language. It is for sure that the
trekkers will be more than happy and enjoy the Ghandruk trek as it provides
clean stone steps up and downhill, beautiful mountain viewsThe major
attraction of Ghandruk is the unique culture of the Gurungs living in the area.
The Ghandruk entertains the tourists with the Gurung dances and allow the
tourists with the opportunity to wear the traditionals dress.

The Newari town of Bandipur is one of central Nepal's hidden gems. It

combines traditional village architecture, epic Himalayan views, lovely
countryside walks, local adventure sports, and excellent accommodation. It's
also an ideal place to break up the drive between Pokhara and Kathmandu
while getting a relaxing taste of rural Nepal in the process.

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Statements of Problems
On the other hand tourism destroyed our customs, values, and manner. Their
arrival makes prices high. They leave their used materials and causes
pollution. Nepal will have been attracting many tourists. It will make us easy
to improve our economic condition.it will also create new employment
chances for Nepalese’s. Eco-tourism play vital role in sustainable development
promoting good environment and ecology.. By damaging the local
environment, you increase the pressure on native species. The concentration of
pollution level distribution at Phewa Lake is heterogeneous in nature, the
stratified random sampling technique is adopted and to provide reliable data
about sedimentation in the Phewa lake, which could then be used to estimate
and predict sedimentation rate lake storage capacity, and its expected life span.
The eco sounding, aerial photo and photo monitoring have given a clear
picture of the sedimentation in the silt trap area. The survey indicates that the
average sedimentation rate in the Phewa lake for the period from march 1998
to 2004 is about 180000 cu. M. and it has a silt trap area (I) it has a is about
94000 cu. m .annually. The total estimate average sediment contribution rate
from the watershed was about15 cu.m In such situation ,if the lake continuous
to be polluted and filled up by sediment at present rate ,its recreational and
aesthetic value as well as national economy of Pokhara

Objectives of the Study.

The general objectives of this case study are to go together tourism and
environment.
 To analyzed trends and patterns of tourist inflow in case study area.
 To identify cultural social economic of the people in the case study.
 To gain more knowledge about the eco-tourism of phewa lake area.
 To learn the how conserve the area of phewa lake.
 To learn how to keep our cultural norms value safe.

Significance of the study.

 Tourism in Nepal faced lots of up and downs. But now days get great
potential in tourism industry. Ruler tourisms and domestic tourism is to
be encourage

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  It will helps in protections of sensitive environmental locations.
 Helps in minimizing the environmental impact on the earth.
 It will generate income opportunities for a local people.

LITERATURE REVIEW
General Review

Review literature enables to explore the research problems on different

variables. It may also guide to new researcher to gain the technique of further
researcher procedures. The review literature process can be helpful to plan and
conduct the research systematically and scientifically. In order to make the
study more reliable and comprehensive few available, articles, bulletins,
reports and books and others relevant studies have been reviewed.
World tourism organization(WTO) has defined "Tourism" imprecise tend as
"Any person who travels to a country other than that is which he/she has
his/her the usual residence, but outside his/her usual environment, for a period
of at other than the exercise of an activity, remuneration from within the
country visited. Term includes people traveling for, leisure, recreation and
holidays, visiting friends, relatives, business and professional, health
treatment, religion, pilgrimages and other purposes.
Gyanendra Ratna Tuladhar (1993) in his Ph.D. thesis aimed to study the
development of international tourism in Nepal, his main findings were,
tourism is a subjective phenomenon and equally valid in resource
management. Visitors continuously seek to see the combination of unusual
events from more and more exotic land. In this case, Nepal is fascinating,
exciting, mystic and exotic venue. For the mountain lovers, it is a red
dreamland. Practically tourism is a dream industry, in this business one sells
fantasy, sky is the only limit. Turning visions into missions is the prime key to
success in tourism which is never ending and ever changing.
Nature tourism denotes all tourism directly dependent on the use of natural
resources in a relatively undeveloped state, including scenery, topography,
water futures, vegetation and wild life. Thus, is includes hunting countryside
motor biking and white-water rafting, even if the use of natural resources by
the tourist is neither wise nor sustainable. Like traditional tourism this type of
tourism is negatively influenced by various external factors. Remarkably, this
accounts for its instability as a source of income.
Meanwhile, traditional mass tourism continues to contribute to the degradation
of many areas of natural and cultural significance, entailing the loss of
biological and 23 cultural diversity, as well as of important sources in income,
clearly, what is needed is an environmentally responsible approach to tourism
or “sustainable tourism”.
Sustainable Tourism, in emulation of its name scale, was and still is broadly
conceived as tourism that does not threaten economic, social, cultural or

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environmental integrity of the tourist destination even in the long term. and as
far as the definition is concerned WTO defines sustainable tourism
“Sustainable Tourism Development meets the needs of present generation
tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunities for
future”. Further, sustainable tourism refers to development in such a manner
and at such a scale that it remains viable over an indefinite period. It should
neither degrade nor modify the existing environment, rather maintaining
ecological balance, biological diversity, nom duration of product quality,
conserving national heritage, maintaining cultural integrity and promoting
responsive and value-based tourism are its characteristic features and poverty
reduction is its priority.
The Concept of Eco-tourism
The term ‘eco-tourism’ is defined as traveling to relatively undisturbed or un
contaminated natural areas with specific objectives such as studying, admiring
and enjoying the scenery with its flora and fauna as well as any existing
cultural manifestations (both past and present) found in these areas. The main
feature of such tourism is that the person who practices eco-tourism has the
opportunity of immersing himself/herself in nature in a manner generally not
available in the urban environment.
As there are found hundreds of definitions of eco-tourism. Some of the
definition mentioned below clearly defines the eco-tourism.
IUCN‟s Ecotourism program has defined (similar to that of Lascurain)
ecotourism as “ Environmentally responsible travel and visitation to relatively
undisturbed natural areas, in order to enjoy and appreciate nature ( and any
accompanying cultural features-both past and present) that promotes
conservation, has low visitor impact and providers for beneficially active
socio- economic involvement of local population”.
The international Ecotourism Society’s (TIES) definition is similar
“Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the
environment and sustains the well-being of local people”.
National Ecotourism Strategy of Australia defines ecotourism as “Nature
Based Tourism that involves education interest on of the natural environment
and is managed to be ecologically sustainable”.
However, in all the definitions above sustainability, conservation (of both
nature and culture) and local people are at the focus; which are actually the
basic elements of ecotourism.
Evolution of Ecotourism
After the World War II tourism exploded worldwide giving rise to mass
tourism which deteriorated the image of tourism. As Lacurin points out, in the
1950s and 60s Americans became the “ugly tourist” worldwide. In the 70s it
was the true of Germans to be seen as the ugly tourist in Europe and East
Africa and in the 90s, the Japanese. The ugly tourism phenomenon, as he
indicates, is not based on actual personality traits, but rather is a result of the
feeling of invasion by people who are different host community. It does not
even require different ethnic groups. It is part of the nature of mass tourism.

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And it has been accompanied by over development and local disruption of
cultural values and economies such that tourism has developed a very bad
name indeed.
As mass tourism exploded in the 20th century, another type of tourist emerged
with different reputation. In late 60s public concern about the environment
increases particularly in the industrialized countries; conservation
organizations became active; formed to lobby governments to set aside land
not just for the tourists but to preserve the natural integrity of the whole
ecosystems. The whale watching industry developed in USA keeping in view
the world with depletion of whale population. Consequently, in 1966,
Humpback whale was made a wholly protected species, followed by
protection of blue whale in 1967. This period marks the birth of ecotourism.
Thus, it can be said that ecotourism phenomenon; in modern times, started by
the end of late 60s to early 70s.
Principles of Eco-tourism
Scholars have defined eco-tourism in various ways, although the essence of
each definition is more or less the same. The characteristics of eco-tourists and
principles of eco-tourism have been also described. The principles of eco-
tourism developed by the International Eco-tourism Society (IES) are
presented hereunder:
Avoids negative impacts that can damage or destroy the integrity or character
of the natural or cultural environments being visited.
Educates the traveler on the importance of conservation.
Directs revenues to the conservation of natural areas and the management of
protected areas.
Brings economic benefits to local communities and directs revenues to local
people living adjacent to protected areas.
Emphasizes the need for planning and sustainable growth of the tourism
industry, and seeks to ensure that tourism development doesn’t exceed the
social and environmental ‘carrying capacity’.
Retains a high percentage of revenues in the host country by stressing the use
of locally owned facilities and services.
Increasingly relies on infrastructure that has been developed sensitively in
harmony with the environment-minimizing use of fossil fuels conserving local
plants and wildlife, and blending with the natural environment.
Other authors have described eco-tourism principles differently but the
essences of these principles are not too different from those mentioned above:

It should not negatively impact the resource that helps to develop eco-tourism
in any destination. Rather it should be developed in an environmentally
friendly manner.
It should provide benefits to all parties - local natural resources, people and the
tourism industry - with a stake in eco-tourism.
It should extend first - hand information to visitors.

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It should provide educational opportunities for all parties - local communities,
government, NGOs, industry and tourists.
It should encourage all - party recognition of the intrinsic values of the
resource.
It should involve acceptance of the resource on its own terms and in
recognition of its own limits.
It should promote understanding and partnerships between many players
which could involve government, NGOs, industry, scientists and locals.
It should promote moral and ethical responsibilities and behavior towards the
natural and cultural environment by all players.
Eco-tourism in Phewa Lakeside
Phewa Lakeside is a micro-region of the hills of Nepal. Among the three sub-
divisions of the hilly region like the Midland the Mahabharata Lekh and the
Churia Ranges, the study area which is located in the western part of the
Pokhara valley comes under the midland region of central Nepal. It occupies
the ample topographical disparities that begin from the highest peak named
Panchase (2508.81m) and reaches nearly the South-western sector of the
Pokhara valley attaining the average elevation of 796 meter (Sheet No. 2883-
16B, Survey Department) m on the surface of the lake. Thus, the vertical
distance is bout 1715.73m whereas the horizontal of the latitudinal distance is
about 17km. this micro-region is divided into the Hill and the Plain. Phewa
Lakeside also deserves natural and cultural potentiality for eco-tourism. The
residents of Phewa Lakeside also play an important role in promoting eco-
tourism (Lamichhane, 2000). Phewa lake with an island temple dedicated
Goddess Barahi in the middle and with its serene water reflecting the
Annapurna range, legendary and second largest lake of the kingdom is playing
vital role as the source of attraction for the visiting tourists by providing
fishing and boating. The next attraction of the Phewa lakeside Pokhara is
cultural attraction. The Gurung culture, Thakali culture and other folk cultural
shows are attractive. In these days most of the Gurung and Thakali wear their
traditional dresses and they are promoting their own traditional dresses. And
other ethnic groups reside in Pokhara, Phewa lakeside are also following the
way of Gurungs and Thakalis because of which the cultures of the different
ethnic, caste groups are preserved (Wagle, 2005).

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 Research Methodology
Rationale of the selection of study area

During past few decades tourism campaign and tourist promotional activities
have directly influencing and increasing the number of tourist in Nepal. Every
year Nepal celebrates a tourism year in a specific name of different places.
Though the tourist and tourism activities are increasing it seems very
unsustainable and detrimental to the surrounding environment in the area
under the study. The study area is phewa lakeside of kaski district. This
particular area is chosen for the study because it is easily accessible and falls a
heterogeneous geographical structure.

Nature and Source of Data

Both quantitative as well as qualitative nature of data will be used in the study.
Collection of primary data will be through the field visit. Theses primary data
will be collected by direct interaction with the locals, interview, and prepared
questioner. In the same way Secondary data will be gathered from published
or unpublished written documents from individuals and experts.

Data collection Tools and technique

To generate the primary data, the structured questioner, interview observation

and focuses in the particular Groups will be applied in a systematic manner.
These are the primary data collection techniques. The necessary data were
collected from VDC profile, Newspaper, Journal, Books will be applied.
Ethnographies, Oral History, and Case studies are other Secondary Data
collection Techniques.

Primary Data Collection

Questionnaire

A long list of questionnaire that covered almost all aspects of the objectives of
thestudy was prepared and distributed to the tourism activists for filling them
up. The sampled tourism activists covered ten percent of the total number of
them. The sample
was selected on quota and simple random sampling basis. Structured
questionnaire was used.

a.What is the socio-cultural situation of the study area?

b. Is Study Area potential for tourism development?

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c. Is tourism development of the study area sustainable?
d. Is Their Natural resource management is good condition? ,
e. Is there any eco tourism development practices?
f. Is Government has prepare any development plan?
g. Is there any rural development practices?
Interview
Different people from different walk of life were selected and asked a number
of questions regarding the ecology, environment, business tourism in Phewa
Lakeside and its potentiality in the future as well as the people’s perception
about business tourism.
Observation
The Phewa Lakeside was visited and observed mainly focused on the
vegetations purity of lake water, deposition, waste disposal and run-off of the
Harpan Khola.

Group Discussion
Concerned individuals and people were gathered at the side of Phewa Lake.
The
people especially from Gurung and Thakali ethnic groups were asked about
the ecotourism, its potentiality and scope. Former chairperson of Hotel
Association Pokhara and other hotel/lodge owners were also asked for more
information about study arearegarding business tourism and its potentiality in
the area.

Secondary Data Collection

Secondary data was obtained through various Journals, survey reports, related
newspapers, dissertations, articles and previous published and unpublished
researches.The data was collected from the local people as well as persons
related with tourismof that area. Literature review as extensively done for this
purpose. Various libraries inKathmandu and Pokhara were visited. This
included Tribhuvan University Central Library, NTB Library, IUCN Library,
Prithvi Narayan Campus Library, Institute of Forestry liberary, ACAP Library
etc.

Presentation and Data Analysis

The data obtained from the field survey were coded and categorized according
to the requirement. Then the coded data were converted into tables with
numbers, averages and percentages through computer programs; MS-Word,
MS-Excel, simple statistical tools i.e. Correlation Test was used to analyze
those data. Bar diagrams were used for visible analysis of the statistics.
Important information was tabulated in the table. Likert Scale is used to

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measure the attitude and level of satisfaction of respondents. In the case of
qualitative information, these were analyzed descriptively.

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