HEART AND NECK VESSELS

ASSESSMENT
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- a highly complex system that
includes the heart and a closed
system of blood vessels.

HEART
Heart and Great Vessels
Heart Chambers and Valves
Heart Covering and Walls
HEART
- a hollow, muscular, four-chambered
(left and right atria and left and right
ventricles) organ located in the middle
of the thoracic cavity between the lungs
in the space called the mediastinum.
- is about the size of a clenched fist and
weighs approximately 255 g (9 oz) in
women and 310 g (10.9 oz) in men.
- The heart extends vertically from the
left second to the left fifth intercostal
space (ICS) and horizontally from the
right edge of the sternum to the left
midclavicular line (MCL).
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION OF THE HEART
ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY
- can be measured and recorded by electrocardiography
(ECG, aka EKG), which records the depolarization and
repolarization of the cardiac muscle. The phases of the
ECG are known as P, Q, R, S, and T.
CARDIAC CYCLE
The cardiac cycle refers to the filling and emptying of the
heart’s chambers.
The cardiac cycle has two phases:
diastole - relaxation of the ventricles, known as filling
- endures for approximately two-thirds of the cardiac
cycle
systole - contraction of the ventricles, known as emptying
- endures the remaining one-third of the cardiac
cycle.
NECK VESSELS
AUSCULTATION
AUSCULTATION