ALTERNATING CURRENT Page # 25

Exercise - I (Objective Problems)

1. In an a.c. circuit voltage V and current i are (A) 400 F (B) 300 F
given by (C) 500 F (D) 200 F
V = 100 sin 100 t volts
9. An ac-circuit having supply voltage E consists
i = 100 sin (100t + /3) mA.
of a resistor of resistance 3 and an inductor of
The power dissi pated in the circuit is :
reactance 4 as shown in the figure. The voltage
(A) 104 W (B) 10 W
across the inductor at t = / is
(C) 2.5 W (D) 5 W R XL
2. The potential difference V and current i flowing
through an a.c. circuit are given by V = 5 cos t I
volt, i = 2 sin t amp. the power dissipated in the
circuit.
(A) 0 W (B) 10 W (C) 5 W (D) 2.5 W
E  10 sint
3. In LR circuit the a.c. source has voltage 220
V. If the potential difference across the (A) 2 volts (B) 10 volts
inductance is 176 volts, the p.d. across the (C) zero (D) 4.8 volts
resistance will be : 10. In the circuit, as shown in the figure, if the
(A) 44 V (B) 396 V value of R.M.S. current is 2.2 ampere, the power
(C) 132 V (D) ( 250  176 ) V factor of the box is

4. An a.c. circuit consists of an inductor of C

inductances 0.5 H and a capacitor of capacitance
8 F in series. The current in the circuit is maximum 1/  Henry Box
when the angular frequency of an a.c. source is
(A) 500 Hz (B) 2 × 105 Hz
(C) 4000 Hz (D) 5000 Hz = 220volt,   100 s –1
Vrms
1 3 1
5. The rms value of an AC of 50 Hz is 10 amp. (A) (B) 1 (C) (D)
The time taken by an alternating current in 2 2 2
reaching from zero to maximum value and the 11. When 100 V DC is applied across a solenoid a
peak value will be ; current of 1A flows in it. When 100 V AC is applied
(A) 2 × 10–2 sec and 14.14 amp. across the same coil, the current drops to 0.5 A.
(B) 1 × 10–2 sec and 7.07 amp. If the frequency of the AC source is 50 Hz, the
(C) 5 × 10–3 sec and 7.07 amp. impedance and inductance of the solenoid are :
(D) 5 × 10–3 sec and 14.14 amp. (A) 100 , 0.93 H (B) 200, 1.0 H
6. A voltage of peak value 283 V varying (C) 10, 0.86 H (D) 200, 0.55 H
frequency is applied to a series L-C-R combination 12. An inductive circuit contains resistance of 10
in which R = 3; L = 25 mH and C = 400 F. Then,  and an inductance of 2.0 H. If an AC voltage of
the frequency (in Hz) of the source at which 120 V and frequency 60 Hz is applied to this
maximum power is dissipated in the above, is circuit, the current would be nearly :
(A) 51.5 (B) 50.7 (C) 51.1 (D) 50.3 (A) 0.8 A (B) 0.48 A
1 1 (C) 0.16 A (D) 0.32 A
7. If the power factor changes from to
2 4 13. The power in ac circuit is given by P = Erms Irms
then what is the increase in impedance in AC ?
cos .The value of cos in series LCR circuit at
(A) 20% (B) 50%
resonance is
(C) 25% (D) 100%
(A) zero (B) 1
8. The power factor of the circuit is 1/ 2 . 1 1
The capacitance of the circuit is equal to (C) (D)
2 2
2 sin (100 t)
14. In ac circuit when ac ammeter is connected
it reads i current if a student uses dc ammeter in
place of ac ammeter the reading in the dc ammeter
0.1 H will be :
10

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 Page # 26 ALTERNATING CURRENT

i 20. The given figure represents the phasor diagram

(A) (B) 2i of a series LCR circuit connected to an ac source.
2
At the instant t’ when the source voltage is given
(C) 0.637 i (D) Zero
by V = V0cost, the current in the circuit will be
15. In the circuit shown if the emf of source at VOL = 3V
an instant is 5V, the potential difference across VOR  3 V
capacitor at the same instant is 4V. The potential VOL = 2V
difference across R at that instant may be VOL
C R VOR

V
(A) 3V (B) 9V (A) I = I0 cos(t + /6)
3 (B) I = I0 cos(t – /6)
(C) v (D) none (C) I = I0 cos(t + /3)
2 (D) I = I0 cos(t – /3)
16. An AC current is given by I = I0 + I1 sin wt 21. Power factor of an L-R series circuit is 0.6
then its rms value will be and that of a C–R series circuit is 0.5. If the
element (L, C, and R) of the two circuits are
(A) I 20  0.5 I12 (B) I 20  0.5 I 20 joined in series the power factor of this circuit is
found to be 1. The ratio of the resistance in the
(C) 0 (D) I 0 / 2 L-R circuit to the resistance in the C-R circuit is
17. Let f = 50 Hz, and C = 100 F in an AC circuit (A) 6/5 (B) 5/6
containing a capacitor only. If the peak value of 4 3 3
(C) (D)
the current in the circuit is 1.57 A at t = 0. The 3 3 4
expression for the instantaneous voltage across
the capacitor will be 22. The direct current which Would give the same
(A) E = 50 sin (100 t – /2) heating effect in an equal constant resistance
(B) E = 100 sin (50 t) as the current shown in figure, i.e. the r.m.s.
(C) E = 50 sin 100 t current, is
(D) E = 50 sin (100 t + /2) Current/A
2
18. In a series CR circuit shown in figure, the
applied voltage is 10 V and the voltage across 1
capacitor is found to be 8V. Then the voltage 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
Time/s
across R, and the phase difference between –1
current and the applied voltage will respectively –2
be
8V VR
(A) zero (B) 2 A
C R
(C) 2A (D) 2 2 A

23. The effective value of current i = 2 sin 100

10V
t + 2 sin (100t + 30º) is
 4  3 (A) 2 A (B) 2 2  3
(A) 6V, tan–1  
 3 (B) 3V, tan–1  
4 (C) 4 (D) None
 5
(C) 6V, tan–1  
 3 (D) none  0.4 
24. In an L-R circuit, the value of L is   henry
  
19. The phase difference between current and
voltage in an AC circuit is /4 radian. If the and the value R is 30 ohm. If in the circuit, an
frequency of AC is 50 Hz, then the phase alternating emf of 200 V rms value at 50 cycles
difference is equivalent to the time difference : per second is connected, the impedance of the
(A) 0.78 s (B) 15.7 ms circuit and current will be
(C) 0.25 s (D) 2.5 ms (A) 11.4 ohm, 17.5 ampere
(B) 30.7 ohm, 6.5 ampere

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 ALTERNATING CURRENT Page # 27

(C) 40.4 ohm, 5 ampere circuit. When an alternating current of r.m.s. value
(D) 50 ohm, 4 ampere. 2 A flows in the circuit, the average power in watts
in the circuit is
25. If I1, I2, I3 and I4 are the respective r.m.s.
(A) 100 (B) 50 (C) 20 (D) 10
values of the time varying currents as shown in
the four cases I, II, III and IV. Then identify the passage (Q.30 - Q.32)
correct relations. A student in a lab took a coil and connected it to
i i a 12 V DC source. He measures the steady state
current in the circuit to be 4A. He then replaced
I0 I0
the 12 V DC source by a 12 V, ( = 50 rad/s) AC
O t O t
–I0 source and observes that the reading in the AC
ammeter is 2.4 A. He then decides to connect a
2500 F capacitor in series with the coil and cal-
i i culate the average power developed in the cir-
I0 I0 cuit. Further he also decides to study the varia-
O t O t tion in current in the circuit (with the capacitor
–I0 –I0 and the battery in series).
Based on the readings taken by the student an-
(A) I1 = I2 = I3 = I4 (B) I3 > I1 = I2 > I4 swer the following questions.
(C) I3 > I4 > I2 = I1 (D) I3 > I2 > I1 > I4
30. The value of resistance of the coil calculated
26. In series LR circuit XL = 3R. Now a capacitor
by the student is
with XC = R is added in series. Ratio of new to old
(A) 3 (B) 4 
power factor is
(C) 5  (D) 8
(A) 1 (B) 2
1 31. The power developed in the circuit when the
(C) (D) 2 capacitor of 2500 F is connected in series with
2
the coil is
27. The current I, potential difference VL across (A) 28.8 W (B) 23.04 W
the inductor and potential difference VC across (C) 17.28 W (D) 9.6 W
the capacitor in circuit as shown in the figure are 32. Which of the following graph roughly matches
best represented vectorially as the variations of current in the circuit (with the
L C coil and capacitor connected in the series) when
the angular frequency is decreased from 50 rad/s
VL VC to 25 rad/s ?
i i
VC
VC
(A) I (B)
I (A) (B)
VL
VL

VL VL 25 50 
25 50
(C) I (D) I
i
VC VC i

28. A series LCR circuit is tuned to resonance.

The impedance of the circuit now is
1/ 2 1/ 2
 2 2 (C) (D)
2  1   
2 2  1  
(A)  R   L –   (B)  R  ( L )    
  C     C  
   
1/ 2
25 50 25 50
 2
2  1 
(C) R   – L   (D) R
 C  

29. A capacitor C = 2F and an inductor with L =
10 H and coil resistance 5  are in series in a

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