WEEK 1 - COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF IOT INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTION TO IOT:

The Internet of things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical

and digital machines provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer
data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.
The definition of the Internet of things has evolved due to the convergence of multiple
technologies, real-time analytics, machine learning, commodity sensors, and embedded
systems. Traditional fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control
systems, automation (including home and building automation), and others all
contribute to enabling the Internet of things. In the consumer market, IoT technology is
most synonymous with products pertaining to the concept of the "smart home",
covering devices and appliances (such as lighting fixtures, thermostats, home security
systems and cameras, and other home appliances) that support one or more common
ecosystems, and can be controlled via devices associated with that ecosystem, such
as smartphones and smart speakers.
HISTORY:

The main concept of a network of smart devices was discussed as early as 1982, with a
modified Coca-Cola vending machine at Carnegie Mellon University becoming the first
Internet-connected appliance, able to report its inventory and whether newly loaded
drinks were cold or not. Between 1993 and 1997, several companies proposed solutions
like Microsoft's at Work or Novell's NEST. The field gained momentum when Bill
Joy envisioned device-to-device communication as a part of his "Six Webs" framework,
presented at the World Economic Forum at Davos in 1999.
The term "Internet of things" was likely coined by Kevin Ashton of Procter & Gamble,
later MIT's Auto-ID Center, in 1999
Cisco Systems estimated that the IoT was "born" between 2008 and 2009, with the
things/people ratio growing from 0.08 in 2003 to 1.84 in 2010.
The key driving force behind the Internet of things is the MOSFET (metal-oxide-
semiconductor field-effect transistor, or MOS transistor),

TREND:
The IoT's major significant trend in recent years is the explosive growth of devices
connected and controlled by the Internet. The wide range of applications for IoT
technology mean that the specifics can be very different from one device to the next but
there are basic characteristics shared by most.

GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS ON IOT:

A report published by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in January 2015 made the

following three recommendations

Data security – At the time of designing IoT companies should ensure that data
collection, storage and processing would always be secure. Companies should adopt a
"defense in depth" approach and encrypt data at each stage.

Data consent – users should have a choice as to what data they share with IoT
companies and the users must be informed if their data gets exposed.
Data minimization – IoT companies should collect only the data they need and retain
the collected information only for a limited time.

APPLICATIONS OF IOT:

The extensive set of applications for IoT devices is often divided into consumer,
commercial, industrial, and infrastructure spaces.

1. Consumer application-

 Smart homeEdit

IoT devices are a part of the larger concept of home automation, which can include
lighting, heating and air conditioning, media and security systems
 Elder careEdit

One key application of a smart home is to provide assistance for those with disabilities
and elderly individuals. These home systems use assistive technology to accommodate
an owner's specific disabilities.

2. Commercial application-

Medical and healthcareEdit

The Internet of medical things (IoMT) is an application of the IoT for medical and health
related purposes, data collection and analysis for research, and monitoring.The IoMT
has been referenced as "Smart Healthcare", as the technology for creating a digitized
healthcare system, connecting available medical resources and healthcare services.
[citation needed]
IoT devices can be used to enable remote health monitoring and emergency notification
systems.

3. Industrial application-

 Manufacturing

The IoT can realize the seamless integration of various manufacturing devices equipped
with sensing, identification, processing, communication, actuation, and networking
capabilities. Based on such a highly integrated smart cyber-physical space, it opens the
door to create whole new business and market opportunities for manufacturing
 Agriculture Edit

There are numerous IoT applications in farming such as collecting data on temperature,
rainfall, humidity, wind speed, pest infestation, and soil content. This data can be used
to automate farming techniques, take informed decisions to improve quality and
quantity, minimize risk and waste, and reduce effort required to manage crops

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES:

1-Privacy: Concerns about privacy have led many to consider the possibility that big
data infrastructure like IOT and data mining are inherently compatible with privacy

2-Data storage: A challenge to producers of IOT applications is to clean, process and

interpret the vast amount of data which is gathered by sensors. Another challenge is the
storage of this bulk data. Depending on the application there could be high data
acquisition requirements which in turn lead to high storage requirements

3- Security: Security is the biggest concern in adopting IOT. Most of the technical
security concerns are similar to those of conventional servers and include weak
authentication, forgetting to change default credentials, unencrypted messages sent
between devices

4-Environmental sustainability impact: A concern regarding technology pertains to

environmental impacts of the manufacture, use and eventual disposal of all these semi-
conductor rich devices. These devices cannot be properly recycled.

ABOUT COMPANY
EcoBee
It is a Canadian home automation company that makes thermostats for residential and
commercial use. The thermostats are controlled by using a registered login or using a
companion application available for iOS, Android and Apple watches.
It was founded by Stuart Lombardo, Mark Malchiondo and John Metselaar in the year
2007. It is headquartered in Toronto, Canada
It generally offers two products-

1- Smart thermostat
2- Light switches

EcoBee products integrate with Microsoft, Amazon Alexa, Apple, Samsung Smart things,
Google Assistant.
In thermostat division Ecobee holds 30% market share and its Estimated Annual
Revenue of the company is around $200Million.

COMPETITORS:

 Ecofactor

 Tendril
  Nest

References:

 Rouse, Margaret (2019). "internet of things (IoT)". IOT Agenda. Retrieved 14

August 2019.

  Brown, Eric (20 September 2016). "21 Open Source Projects for IoT". Linux.com.
Retrieved 23 October 2016.

 "Internet of Things Global Standards Initiative". ITU. Retrieved 26 June 2015.

 Hendricks, Drew. "The Trouble with the Internet of Things". London Datastore.

Greater London Authority. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  "The "Only" Coke Machine on the Internet". Carnegie Mellon University.
Retrieved 10 November 2014.

 "Internet of Things Done Wrong Stifles Innovation". InformationWeek. 7 July

2014. Retrieved 10 November 2014.

 Mattern, Friedemann; Floerkemeier, Christian (2010). "From the Internet of

Computer to the Internet of Things"(PDF). Informatik-Spektrum. 33 (2): 107–
121. Bibcode:2009InfSp..32..496H. doi:10.1007/s00287-010-0417-7. Retrieved 3
February 2014

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Prof. Sonali Singh Ujjwal Chaturvedi
PGMB1938