MEFB 121

MANUFACTURING LAB

SEMESTER 2 (2013/2014)

GAS WELDING

LABARATORY REPORT

NAME : MOHD SHAFIZAN BIN MOHAMAD

STUDENT ID : ME092677

SECTION : GROUP B

SUBMISSON DATE : 31TH DISEMBER 2013

LECTURER NAME :EN ADZLY ANUAR

Introduction

Gas welding, also called oxy-fuel welding, is a system of welding that uses one of various gases
and oxygen to ignite a torch. Welding is defined as the process of combining two materials, usually
metal, by heating them until both ends become molten. Filler materials are generally added into this
molten material, and the two ends are joined together and allowed to cool, forming one solid piece.

Common gases used in gas welding include natural gas, propane, hydrogen, MAPP gas, liquefied
petroleum, propylene, and acetylene, with acetylene being the most common. In many cases, one gas is
not beneficial over another, although in some situations a specific gas may be preferable. For example,
one gas may heat higher or lower than another, making it more convenient to use with certain metals.

A variety of metals can be joined using gas welding techniques, although a skilled torch operator is
necessary in order to ensure a smooth weld. Not all metals melt at the same temperature, so the welder
must know how long to heat varying types of material. There is also a certain level of skill required for
gas welding, to ensure that the weld is flawlessly done. Less experienced welders may end up with a
joint that is lumpy or uneven.

Type of flames:

The reaction of the oxyacetylene flame can be corrected by changing the ratio of the volume of
oxygen to acetylene.
Objective:

1. To know the types of welding joints.

2. To practicing the gas welding process.
3. To learn how to welding in a proper way

List of equipment/tools:

1 Gas cylinder(oxygen,acetylene)

Figure 1: Gas Cylinders

2 Metal plate
3 Goggle,apron and safety shoe
4 Lighters
5 Tong pliers
6 Regulators
7 Cylinder valve
8 Cylinder cap
9 Flashback Arrester
10 Tip cleaner
11 Check valve
12 Torch
13 Torch tip

GAS CYLINDER COMPONENT

Safety precautions:
1. Only operate welding equipment you have been trained to use
2. Weld only in designated area
3. Avoid cylinders away from fire or expose heat
4. Always wear approved goggles and apron while doing the welding process.
5. Never use acetylene working pressures in excess.
6. Remove all the flammable material

Procedure:
1. The pressure was checked and both gas valves were switched on. The pressure
reading was kept in the correct reading.
2. Acetylene gas was released in a small amount through the nozzle.
3. The flame was ignited using the friction on the torch. The flame was then set as
neutral flame. The process of gas welding was then started.
4. With the inner cone of the flame, small circle was made at the beginning point of
the weld until a pool of molten metal formed.
5. By maintaining the molten pool with a series of circular movements, the molten
was then moved slowly to the other end.
6. If you move too fast across the work piece, you will lose the molten pool. If you
move too slowly across the work piece, you will burn through the metal.
7. After the welding process was finished, the flame was then distinguished by
turning off the oxygen valve and acetylene valve..
8. The work piece was then picked up using tong pliers.
9. The workplace was then cleaned up.

Result:
Metal plate before process
Expected result after the process

Discussion:
1) The
alignment errors occurs because of the technique to hold the torch when
welding flame is not proper
2) The ratio of oxygen and acetylene must be right
3) Staying too long at one spot will cause a hole .
4) The speed while move the tip is too fast that will effect the penetration of the
plate

Conclusion:
As conclusion that can be obtained from gas welding process is the problem that occurs on the
metal in neutral weld process. Students also learned the correct way how to handle the equipment
of gas welding and weld with correct position. Other than that, from the activity students knows
type of different flame and type of gas welding.