Vocabulary: Almost Alone Building Change

Buying the perfect motor home / Vehicles / The car doesn't work
VOCABULARY
Almost Nearly finished, complete or whole.
Alone Without another person.
E.g.: He lives alone.
Building A stable structure for housing, business or recreation.
Change In a store, we get change when we pay with more money than an
item costs.
When a newspaper is 1 dollar and we pay with 5 dollars, we get
4 dollars change.
Dinner The evening meal.
Engine The motor of a vehicle or machine.
It usually uses gasoline or electricity.
Exciting To describe something that is very interesting and that we like a
lot.
E.g.: This new book is exciting. I can't stop reading.
Fast Adjective to describe something moving at a high speed.
E.g.: People drive very fast on the highway.
Homework Academic work to do at home.
Honeymoon The vacation that people go on after they get married.
In a bad mood To feel unhappy or angry.
Language The different ways that each country speaks.
E.g.: English, Spanish, Japanese
Last At the end or back of a line.
Moped A small motorized vehicle similar to a bicycle.
Motor home Known also as the mobile home, this vehicle is a traveling house
that has a camper shell in which to live and travel.
Motorcycle A vehicle with a motor and two wheels.
More powerful than a moped.
Next The following, one after.
E.g.: Turn to the next page in your books.
Now The present moment.
On weekends The final days (or Saturday and Sunday) before the beginning of
the week based on the Gregorian Calendar.
Only A small quantity or amount.
E.g.: I only have five dollars and the ticket is ten.
Plenty More than enough.
Sound 1. (noun) This is what you hear with your ears.
2. (verb) When something is familiar, but you're not sure what it
is. For example: What's that noise? - I don't know, it sounds like
a cat.
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Space Sufficient room for something.

E.g.: We can't play football in the house, there isn't enough
space.
Tired To need sleep or rest.
E.g.: We walked for six hours and I was very tired.
To be annoyed The emotion a person feels when he or she is frustrated or
bothered by something or someone.
To be born When a baby leaves its mother's body.
To bother To annoy or irritate.
To camp To stay in a tent.
To sleep outside of the house.
To change into Convert or transform from one state into another.
To change To transform from one thing to another.
To come back To return to the place where someone previously was.
To fly To travel by airplane or in the air.
E.g.: Birds can fly.
To go away To leave, depart.
To go sightseeing To visit the famous or interesting places in a town or city.
To invite Ask someone to do something or attend a special event.
E.g.: He is invited to my party.
To like To have a positive attitude towards something. To find someone
or something enjoyable.
To listen to To receive information through the ears.
To live To be alive.
To talk about where we reside.
E.g.: I live at number 24 Lake Street.
I live in Cairo.
To look for To try to find.
To look like To have a similar appearance.
E.g.: He looks like his father. They have got the same eyes and
hair.
To need To have necessity for something.
E.g.: I need a pen to write the letter.
To seem To appear to be, to give the impression.
E.g.: He seems like a nice man, but I don't know him very well.
To spell To say each letter of a word individually.
E.g.: Can you spell 'target'?
T-A-R-G-E-T
To travel To go from one place to another.
To understand To correctly interpret information.
To work To do an activity for money.
E.g.: I work in an office, I am a secretary.
Tomorrow The day after today.

Tour A trip including visits to various places.
Train A long vehicle which runs on parallel tracks and transports
people and objects.
Truck A type of vehicle that is normally used as a means of transporting
cargo and it has a distinctive shape, although this general term
can cover vehicles of all shapes and sizes.
Two weeks Fourteen days.
Vacation A period of time away from work or the home that generally
involves rest and relaxation. It is usually taken over a consecutive
period of time.
Van A vehicle used for transportation or for transporting people.
Usually with no seats in the back. Bigger than a car, but smaller
than a truck.
What's the matter? Subject, problem. Usually in questions.
E.g.: What's the matter? You look sad.
Yesterday The day before today.
VOCABULARY SENTENCES
My car needs a new engine.

She is camping on the hill.
He's the last in the line.
I fly to New York once a month.
She changes her clothes after she plays tennis.
You always seem very relaxed when it is the weekend.
I lived here when I was a child.
Try these cookies. I really like them.
It is nice of you to invite me to dinner. Thank you for asking me to come.
He is working in a store that sells furniture.
The suitcase was heavy and she needed help to go upstairs with it.
Sometimes I listen to the radio at home.
How do you remember to spell difficult words like tomorrow?
Do you understand your homework now?
Look at the motor home over there. It's perfect for vacation.
That yellow truck delivers the fruit.
Our van is big and we can take the things we need in it.
My moped is perfect for the city.
This motorcycle is very fast.
The train is arriving at the station now.
I usually go to the beach for my vacation.
This is the building where I work.
They sometimes eat dinner on the terrace.
I can speak five languages.
His dad helps with his homework.
You can drive fast on this highway.
We don't work on weekends.
The ball almost went into the hole.
It's my turn. I'm next.
Is it time to go now?
Today is Thursday, so tomorrow is Friday.
Today is Tuesday and yesterday was Monday.
I am annoyed because I arrived at the restaurant late.
When I come back late from work, there's nobody here.
The sofa can change into a bed when you need it.
This is exciting!
Two weeks are fourteen days.
The sound of classical music is very relaxing.
SENTENCES
We are going on a tour.

I am looking for my hat.
There is a lot of space in this car.
They are on their honeymoon in Hawaii.
We went sightseeing in India.
Last night, I was alone at home.
I only want one chocolate.
She travels all around the world.
It looks like a good car, but it doesn't start.
You seem tired.
Go away! You are bothering me.
Can you give me change?
USEFUL PHRASES
What's the matter?

I've got a headache.
Go away! And don't bother me!
Don't bother him, he's in a bad mood.
Shakespeare was born in England.
Don't worry. We have plenty of time.
GRAMMAR
Pasado simple
En inglés tenemos que hacer distinción entre verbos regulares y verbos irregulares.
Regulares: Los verbos regulares se caracterizan porque para formar el pasado simple sólo
añaden -ed al infinitivo del verbo.
P. ej.: to work + -ed worked
En inglés no existe distinción entre la forma imperfecto del verbo (amaba, comía, compraba,
trabajaba) y la forma simple (amé, comí, compré, trabajé). Por lo tanto, el pasado simple se
traduce al español o como el pasado simple o como el imperfecto según el contexto.
P. ej.: I worked = yo trabajé o yo trabajaba
El pasado simple de los verbos regulares no cambia, es decir, todas las personas son iguales.
Por lo tanto, se conjuga de la siguiente manera:
I worked yo trabajé, yo trabajaba
You worked tú trabajaste, tú trabajabas,
usted trabajó, usted trabajaba
(ustedes, vosotros), ...
He worked él trabajó, él trabajaba
She worked ella trabajó, ella trabajaba
It worked ello (cosa, animal) trabajó,
trabajaba
We worked nosotros trabajamos,
nosotros trabajabamos
They worked ellos / ellas trabajaron,
ellos/ellas trabajaban
En los verbos que terminan en “y” precedida por consonante, la “-y” cambia a “i” y se
añade “-ed”.
P. ej.: cry cried
try tried
fry fried
En el siguiente ejemplo vemos el verbo “to want” conjugado en pasado:
Afirmativo:
I wanted yo quise, yo quería

You wanted tú quisiste, tú querías, usted
quiso, usted quería (ustedes,
vosotros), ...
He wanted él quiso, él quería
She wanted ella quiso, ella quería
It wanted ello quiso, quería
(cosa, animal)
We wanted nosotros quisimos,
nosotros queríamos
They wanted ellos / ellas quisieron,
ellos / ellas querían
Pasado simple: Verbos irregulares

A continuación damos una serie de verbos irregulares con su pasado. Debemos recordar que
sólo se usa la forma en pasado del verbo para la afirmativa; por lo tanto, en las negativas e
interrogativas la estructura seguirá siendo la misma. En pasado todas las personas son
iguales.
Pasado simple irregulares:
to buy (comprar) bought
to come (venir) came
to drink (beber) drank
to eat (comer) ate
to fall (caer) fell
to fly (volar) flew
to go (ir) went
to have (tener) had
to hurt (doler, hacer daño) hurt
to leave (salir, dejar) left
to meet (encontrar persona) met
to read (leer) read
to see (ver) saw
to sit (sentarse) sat
to take (tomar) took

to think (pensar, creer) thought
to wake up (despertar) woke up
P. ej.:
I ate Yo comí / comía
I did not / didn’t eat Yo no comí / comía
Did I eat? ¿Comí / Comía yo?
She saw Ella vió / veía

She did not / didn’t see Ella no vió / veía
Did she see? ¿Vió / Veía ella?
Present continuous
El presente continuo se forma con el verbo “to be” conjugado seguido del verbo principal en
gerundio, es decir, con -ing.
La forma es exactamente igual que en español.
Sujeto + verbo to be
+ verbo + ing
P.ej.: I am reading.
Yo estoy leyendo.
She is swimming.
Ella está nad ando.
En general el “Present Continuous” se utiliza para hablar de:
• Acciones que suceden en el momento en el que hablamos
• Situaciones temporales
• Hábitos temporales o nuevos
• Hábitos molestos o que suceden demasiado a menudo
• Planes para el futuro
• Una situación que está cambiando lentamente
El gerundio en inglés se forma añadiendo “-ing” al infinitivo:

to look: look + -ing = looking
En el caso de que el verbo termine en -e muda, primero se quita la -e y después se añade la
forma -ing:
to have: hav- + -ing = having
En los verbos que terminan en consonante + vocal + consonante y la vocal está acentuada, se
dobla la consonante final antes de poner -ing:
to stop: stopp- + -ing = sto pping
to run: runn- + -ing = ru nning
to swim: swimm- + -ing = swimming
A continuación veremos como ejemplo todas las formas del presente continuo del verbo “to
eat” (comer):
Afirmativo:
I am eating yo estoy comiendo
you are eating tú estás comiendo, usted está comiendo, ustedes están
comiendo, vosotros estáis comiendo
he is eating él está comiendo
she is eating ella está comiendo
it is eating ello (cosa / animal) está comiendo
we are eating nosotros estamos comiendo
they are eating ellos / ellas están comiendo
Negativo:
I am not eating I’m not eating
Yo no estoy comiendo
You are not eating You’re not eating
You aren’t eating
No estás comiendo, usted no está comiendo, ustedes no están comiendo, vosotros no
estáis comiendo
He is not eating He’s not eating
He isn’t eating
Él no está comiendo
She is not eating She’s not eating
She isn’t eating
Ella no está comiendo
It is not eating It’s not eating

It isn’t eating
Ello (cosa/animal) no está comiendo
We are not eating We’re not eating
We aren’t eating
Nosotros no estamos comiendo
They are not eating They’re not eating
They aren’t eating
Ellos/as no están comiendo
Interrogativo:
Am I eating? ¿estoy comiendo yo?
Are you eating? ¿estás comiendo tú, está comiendo usted, están comiendo
ustedes, estáis comiendo vosotros?
Is he eating? ¿está comiendo él?
Is she eating? ¿está comiendo ella?
Is it eating? ¿está comiendo ello?
(cosa / animal)
Are we eating? ¿estamos comiendo nosotros?
Are they eating? ¿están comiendo ellos / ellas?
Present simple: affirmative form

El presente simple se usa para hablar de cosas que se hacen habitualmente, con cierta
frecuencia. Se forma con el sujeto más el infinitivo sin to.
To eat (comer):
I eat yo como
you eat tú comes, Ud. come,
Uds. comen, vosotros comeis
he eats él come
she eats ella come
it eats ello (cosa / animal) come
we eat nosotros comemos
they eat ellos, ellas comen
Los verbos en el presente simple sólo cambian en la tercera persona singular añadiendo, en
estos casos, una -s.
to make he makes
to read he reads
to eat he eats
Los verbos acabados en -s, -x, -sh, -ch, o en -o añaden -es en lugar de -s.
to watch he watches
to go he go es
to mix he mixes
to do he do es
Los verbos acabados en -y:
a) Si la -y va precedida de vocal se le añade -s como siempre.
P. ej.: to play he plays
b) Si la -y va precedida de consonante cambia a -i antes de añadir -es.
P. ej.: to stu dy he studies
Present simple: negative form

Para formar el presente simple en negativa de cualquier verbo en inglés que no sea auxiliar, se
utiliza la partícula d o ( o does en tercera persona del singular) seguida de la partícula
negativa not más el infinitivo del verbo sin “to”. La estructura fija a seguir sería:
SUJETO + DO / DOES
+ NOT + VERBO
Debemos prestar atención al hecho de que vamos a jugar siempre con las partículas do / does
y not, permaneciendo el verbo principal siempre igual.
Si en afirmativa le añadíamos una -s a la tercera persona del singular, en negativa usamos
does en lugar de do, de manera que ya no se añade la -s al verbo.
Tomemos el verbo “to eat” como ejemplo:
I do not eat yo no como
You do not eat tú no comes, Ud. no come,
vosotros no coméis, Uds.
no comen
He does not eat él no come
She does not eat ella no come
It does not eat ello no come
(animal o cosa)
We do not eat nosotros no comemos
They do not eat ellos / ellas no comen
Al igual que los verbos que hemos visto hasta ahora, esta forma verbal también se puede
contraer; de hecho la forma contraída es mucho más usual en lenguaje oral.
I don’t eat yo no como
You don’t eat tú no comes, Ud. no come,
vosotros no coméis, Uds.
no comen
He doesn’t eat él no come
She doesn’t eat ella no come
It doesn’t eat ello no come
(animal o cosa)
We don’t eat nosotros no comemos
They don’t eat ellos / ellas no comen
Pronombres interrogativos
What? ¿Qué?
Where? ¿Dónde?
When? ¿Cuándo?
How? ¿Cómo?
Who? ¿Quién?
Why? ¿Por qué?
Which? ¿Cuál?
Whose? ¿De quién?
Estos pronombres se colocan al principio de las frases interrogativas. Cada uno de ellos se
refiere a diferentes cosas:
1.-What? Se utiliza para referirse a cosas.
P. ej.: What is this?
¿Qué es esto?
2.-Where? Se utiliza para referirse a lugares.
P. ej.: Where is the chair?
¿Dónde está la silla?
3.-When? Se utiliza para referirse a tiempo.
P. ej.: When is the party?
¿Cuándo es la fiesta?
4.-How? Se utiliza para referirse a los medios, el modo o el grado.
P. ej.: How do you say that?
¿Cómo se dice eso?
5.-Who? Se utiliza para referirse a personas.
P. ej.: Who is she?
¿Quién es ella?
6.-Why? Se utiliza para referirse a causa o finalidad.
P. ej.: Why are you there?
¿Por qué estás allí?
7.-Which? Se utiliza para referirse a personas o cosas cuando se trata de un número

delimitado.
P. ej.: Which chair do you want?
¿Qué silla quieres? (cuál de ellas)
8.-Whose? Se utiliza para referirse a posesión.
P. ej.: Whose is this?
¿De quién es esto?

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Buying the perfect motor home / Vehicles / The car doesn't work

Space Sufficient room for something.

Tomorrow The day after today.

My car needs a new engine.

We are going on a tour.

What's the matter?

I wanted yo quise, yo quería

Pasado simple: Verbos irregulares

to take (tomar) took

She saw Ella vió / veía

El gerundio en inglés se forma añadiendo “-ing” al infinitivo:

It is not eating It’s not eating

Present simple: affirmative form

Present simple: negative form

7.-Which? Se utiliza para referirse a personas o cosas cuando se trata de un número

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