SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

1
Let’s Play a Game!

O
Waley o Havey

Kung ikaw ay malinis

na tao, o Malinis sa
katawan, never
Kang magkakaSTD!

WALEY!!!!
Waley o Havey

Malalaman mo kaagad,
Kung ang partner mo ay
may STD.

WALEY!!!!
Waley o Havey

Maaari kang magkaSTD

sa pamamagitan lamang
Ng Oral sex

HAVEY!!!!
Waley o Havey

Kung nagkaroon ka
na ng STD, hindi ka na
magkakaroon
ulit.

WALEY!!!!
Waley o Havey
Kung ikaw ay nasuri
na at nalaman mo na
ikaw ay walang STD, dapat
pa din magpatingin
ang partner mo.

HAVEY!!!!
Waley o Havey
Kung ang tao na
may HIV ay umihi sa
swimming pool,
at nakalunok ka ng
tubig sa pool na ito,
hindi ka pa din
mahahawa.

HAVEY!!!!
Waley o Havey

Ang HIV ay hindi mo

makukuha basta-basta,
kahit pa mayroon kang
multiple sex partners!

HAVEY!!!!
Waley o Havey

Ang mga sintomas ng

HIV ay mabilis makita, lalo
na kapag kakakuha
lang ito ng tao.

WALEY!!!!
Waley o Havey

Tanging sa pakikipagtalik
lamang ng walang proteksyon
maaaring makuha
Ang HIV.

WALEY!!!!
 Waley o Havey

Hindi ka na maaaring magkaroon ng

Pamilya kung ikaw ay may HIV.

WALEY!!!!
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
WARNING: The following
slides may contain photos
that some may find
disturbing.
WHAT iS Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)
?
It is a disease or infection acquired through sexual
contact where the organisms that cause STD are
passed on from person to person.
WHAT iS Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)
?
STD/STI are passed in:
1. Blood;
2. Semen;
3. Vaginal;
4. Or any other bodily fluids.

Question: Can the virus be transmitted through saliva?

Answer: No!
WHAT iS Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)
?
STD/STI can also be transmitted non sexually
such as:
1. Mother to infant during pregnancy;
2. Blood transfusion;
3. People sharing needles for injection.
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Chlamydia
 It is the most common bacterial infection primarily spread
during unprotected anal, vaginal, and oral sex.
 It usually has no symptoms or symptoms only occur one to
several weeks, after having sex.
 These symptoms includes the following:
1. Painful feeling while urinating;
2. Unusual "discharge" in the penis/ vagina; and
3. Genital sores
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Gonorrhea
 It is a bacterial disease that affects the vagina, throat and urinary
discharge. A person gets it from unprotected anal, vaginal, and
oral sex.
 It usually has no symptoms or symptoms only occur one to
several weeks, after having sex.
 These symptoms includes the following:
1. Painful feeling while urinating;
2. Green, yellow or white "discharge" in the penis/ vagina, and
3. Genital sores
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Herpes
 This is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Herpes
affects the mouth and the human genitals.
 It is obtained by direct physical contact with the mouth and/or genitals
from the person who has it. Also, the disease can be transferred through
mouth to mouth contacts.
 The virus can be spread through skin-to-skin contact with sores, but it may
also spread even before sores can be seen on the infected person.
 Symptoms include itchy or painful blisters.
 In most people, the sores come and go, but the virus stays in the body for
life.
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

 This is a type of virus which causes warts commonly seen in the
mouth, genitals, and other private parts of the human body.
 If the virus will worsen, it will lead to cancer (e.g. cervical cancer)
 Genital HPV is spread easily through skin-to-skin contact during
vaginal, oral, or anal sex. Condoms do not totally prevent
transmission.
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Syphilis
 Considered as one of the most serious sexually transmitted infection.
Syphilis is caused by a bacterium which can be spread by vaginal, anal, or
oral sex without a condom or latex/polyurethane barrier.
 The disease has several phases.
 People with primary syphilis (early disease) may have pain-free open
sores, called chancres, in the genital or anal area or around the mouth.
 People with secondary syphilis (a later stage of the disease) often have a
rash and/or hair loss. If left untreated, syphilis can proceed to the latent
stage during which it may have no visible symptoms but can cause damage
to the heart, brain, and other organs.
 PRIMARY SYPHILIS

SECONDARY SYPHILIS
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Hepatitis B
 Is an inflammation (irritation) of the liver.
 This caused by viruses that exist in blood, vaginal
secretions, semen, and breast milk.
 People who have hepatitis B virus (HBV) may experience
symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, dark
urine, nausea, vomiting, and light-colored stools. The
infection is diagnosed by a blood test.
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

HIV- AIDS
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that
causes AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
 It is present in blood, vaginal secretions, semen, and
breast milk. HIV can be spread through vaginal, oral, or
anal sex without a condom.
 This virus causes the body’s immune system to
weaken or become deficient.
 Many people living with HIV look and feel healthy and
do not think they are at risk for becoming sick or
passing HIV to others.
TYPES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

HIV- AIDS
 Once infected with HIV, there are very mild symptoms
or none at all
 After 5-10 yrs, the body’s immune system becomes to
weak to fight off infections – this syndrome of having
many infections at the same time because of a
weakened immune system is called AIDS (Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
 There is NO cure for HIV infection.
The HIV Situation in the Philippines

So what’s
causing the Risky
increase in Behavior
HIV cases? Prevention
 HIV/AIDS cases disaggregated by gender
(1984 to 2011)

2011

2006 to 2010

2001 to 2005
FEMALE
MALE
1996 to 2000

1991 to 1995

1984 to 1990

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

Behaviors that makes us at RISK for infection

• Unprotected anal sex between males

• Unprotected sex with paid partners
• Unprotected sex with multiple sex partners
• Injecting with used needles

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

Behaviors that put Filipinos at risk for HIV

• Younger age of first sex

• Younger Filipinos try injecting drugs
• More males engage in anal sex
• Unprotected sex with >1 sexual partner
• Most injecting drug users share needles
• Few voluntarily get tested for HIV and know
their HIV status – so many may be spreading
HIV and not know it

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

Modes of HIV Transmission among Females in
the Philippines
100%

90%

80%

70%

60% HETEROSEX
PERINATAL
50%
IVDU
40% TRANSFUSION

30%

20%

10%

0% 2009 2010 2011

Source: Philippine HIV Registry

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

Modes of HIV Transmission among Males in the
Philippines
100%

90%

80%

70%
HOMOSEXUAL
60% BISEXUAL
HETEROSEX
50%
PERINATAL
40% TRANSFUSION
IVDU
30%

20%

10%

0%

2009 2010 2011

Source: Philippine HIV Registry

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

 Mode of HIV Transmission Among 15-24 Years
Old

500

Number of Cases
400
sharing infected
300 needles
male-male sex
200

100 male-female sex

0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Source: Philippine HIV&AIDS Registry

N A National
T I O N A LEpidemiology
E P I D E M I O Center
L O G Y -CDOH
ENTER
 Number of Years Between
First Crush to First Sex

First crush to first date: 2 yrs (Males); 4 yrs (Females)

First date to first sex: 1 year (Males & Females)
First crush to first sex: 4 yrs (Males); 5 yrs (Females)

Source:
Before First Sex: Gender Differences in Emotional Relationships and Physical Behaviors
Among Adolescents in the Philippines. International Family Planning Perspectives 32(2):110-119

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

 Number of Years Between
First Crush to First Sex

Conclusion of the Study:

“The period between the first date and first sex experienced by
both males and females provides an opportunity to ensure that
adolescents have access to the information and services that will
allow them to make informed choices about sexual behavior.”
- Upadhyay, Hindin, Gultiano (2006)

Source:
Before First Sex: Gender Differences in Emotional Relationships and Physical Behaviors
Among Adolescents in the Philippines. International Family Planning Perspectives 32(2):110-119

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

Projected Number of People Living with HIV
in the Philippines

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

FACT: HIV is Increasing in the Philippines

If we do nothing,
HIV is a problem that will NOT go away….

We HAVE to do something.
Everyone CAN do something.

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

 Sexually Transmitted Diseases

HEALTHY REMINDERS:

17 Sex Tips: Protect Against STD

 Sexually Transmitted Diseases

ASSIGNMENT:
1. What are your realizations from the discussion?
2. What is the importance of understanding yourself vis-à-
vis with the discussions on sexually transmitted
disease?
3. How will you deal with a situation if you find
someone, e.g from your
community, friends, family, and/or your special
someone, who has such disease/infection?
 THANK YOU!
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