Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
REGION VI–WESTERN VISAYAS
DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
Cottage Road, Bacolod City
Tel/Fax # - (034) 435–3960
email: negros.occidental001@deped.gov.ph
Website: www.depednegrosoccidental.weebly.com

MODULE
in

GRADE 9QUARTER 1, WEEKS 1-2 (MELC)

Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals (EN9G-IVc-
23; EN9G-IVc-23; EN9G-IVc-23)

Prepared by:

MIQUEL L. SAYLO, MAED

Quirico G. Manzano Memorial National High School
Candoni, Negros Occidental

Checked and Edited by:

EIGGY YAP, PH. D.

P-I, Bulata NHS

MA.ELNA Z. REYES
DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1
MT-I - NOHS 1
 Hello dear learner! Welcome to our ‘BETTER NORMAL’ way of
learning! I hope you will enjoy, learn and master our lesson in this
module.

GUIDE CARD

“Say what you mean”. It sounds so simple. But all too often, what we try to
communicate gets lost in translation despite our best intentions. We say one thing, the other
person hears something else, and misunderstandings, frustration, and conflicts ensue.
Today’s session is very interesting! This would help us further our skills in English grammar.
We are going to discuss Modals and learn how to express permission, obligation and prohibition
using modal verbs.
But before we start, let us have some fun. Below are some signs and symbols. Try to find
out if you can match the sign with its function.

SIGN FUNCTION

1. A. Telling you that you have an obligation to do.

2. B. Permitting you to do something.

3. C. Prohibiting you to do something.

Yes, you are right! Sign 1 prohibits you to smoke; Sign 2 tells you that you have the
obligation to wash your hands properly; and, Sign 3 gives you permission to legally use images
for your social media marketing.
In this module, you will learn a lot more about expressing obligation, prohibition and
permission. And your partner will be the MODALS.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 2

What are Modals?
They are Auxiliary verbs that provide
additional and specific meaning to the main
verb of the sentence.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 3

Dear learners,
Remember that this module focuses on
Modal verbs expressing permission,
obligation, and prohibition. As you can
see in every illustration how these
modals are being used and how it varies
from one another. In addition, there are
modals that do overlap depending on
the context of the sentence. Just always
go back to its function.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 4

 Let’s Play….

Mechanics:
1. Honesty is always the best policy.
2. Prepare a sheet of pad paper.
3. Allot yourself 10 seconds to answer every question.
4. Enjoy and Good luck!

Question 1: This is worth P10, 000.00 Question 2: This is worth P20, 000.00

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 5

 Question 3: This is worth P40, 000.00 Question 4: This is worth P100, 000.00

Question 5: This is worth P200, 000.00 Question 6: This is worth P250, 000.00

Question 7: This is worth P300, 000.00 Question 8: This is worth P400, 000.00

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 6

Question 9: This is worth P500, 000.00

Question 10: This is worth P1 000, 000.00

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 7

These are the correct answers to the questions;
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B

Modals are also called modal verbs or auxiliary verbs – they are special verbs and
they give additional information about the function of the main verb. They have many
functions.
When we want to express permission, obligation, or prohibition (not allowing), we
use modal verbs as shown in the examples below:

Permission: Can, May, Could

‘Can’ is most often used to ask for or give permission, but ‘May’ and ‘Could’ are also
possible although they are not used as often as ‘Can’.

You can sit here. Nobody’s sitting here.

Could I sit beside you?
May I ask you a question?

Points to remember: PERMISSION = IT’S OK

1. Can is informal: Can I speak to Joanna, please?

2. Could is more formal and polite: Could I speak to Janna, please?
3. May is the most formal: May I speak to Jaanna Cruz, please?

Prohibition: Can’t and Mustn’t (Must not)

Both can‘t and mustn‘t are also modals used to show that something is prohibited
(Prohibition) – it is not allowed. Can‘t tells us that something is against the rules. Mustn‘t
is usually used when the obligation comes from the person who is speaking.

Can’t

 You can’t stay here. This is a restricted area

 You can’t make noise in the library.
 You can’t smoke in the office.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 8

Mustn’t (Must not)

 You mustn’t use a cell phone.

 You mustn’t write with pencil.
 You mustn’t play loud music.

Points to remember: Prohibition = It’s Not OK.

Obligation: must and have to, should and ought to

There are two types of modal verbs of obligation; those that primarily express a firm
obligation or necessity - must and have to - and those that express a recommendation or
moral obligation - should and ought to.

Firm obligation or necessity

I am not feeling well. I must go to the doctor.

To travel, you have to carry a passport.

Take note: Must is used for internal obligations, and Have to is used for external
obligations.

Recommendation or Moral Obligation

Moral obligation is described in grammar books as the right/ correct thing to do.
Recommendations may come from tradition, custom or culture and may be seen as advice.

Our friend is unwell. We should visit him. (It is a nice thing to do.)
You ought to prepare your bags the night before your flight. (It is a good idea.)

Point to remember: Obligation = It’s Necessary

Modals are indeed very important, right? Let us to find out what we have learned so far.
Below are some signs and symbols. Identify what each one tries to express: permission,
prohibition, or obligation. Then, complete the statement by using the correct modal.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 9

 This sign expresses_________________.
You ______ get access to our newsletter by subscribing.

This sign expresses _________________.

You __________ feed the birds.

This sign expresses ________________.

You ________ be careful.

This sign expresses _______________.

You ________ use the material through this request.

Here are answers to this quest:

1. Permission, can
2. Prohibition, must
3. Obligation, must
4. Permission, may
Did you get everything right? If so, congratulations!

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 10

Directions: Choose the most appropriate modal to complete the sentence.

1. I really _____ give up smoking.

a. can b. may c. must d. will
2. You _____ keep this secret.
a. can b. may c. must d. will
3. I ______ get to work by 9 every day.
a. Must b. may c. mustn’t d. have to
4. Do you _____ wear a uniform at your school?
a. mustn’t b. can c. may d. have to
5. I think your thumb is broken. You ___ go to the emergency room.
a. might b. could c. ought to d. can
6. If you are interested in losing weight, you ______ try this new diet.
a. Could b. mustn’t c. don’t have to d. had to
7. Amy has fallen down the stairs! I ________ call an ambulance!
a. will b. can c. may d. must
8. You _______ come too early. We won’t leave until 9 o’clock.
a. have to b. must c. don’t have to d. can’t
9. You _________ talk during tests. It’s forbidden!
a. don’t have to b. mustn’t c. couldn’t d. ought to
10. You _______ join us if you wish.
a. can b. have to c. should d. must

Here are the answers:

1c 2C 3d 4d 5c 6a 7d 8c 9b 10a

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 11

“Now, I believe you are ready to take the assessment!”

Task 1: Directions: Underline the best answer.

1. Which one of the pair expresses an obligation?
a) I must go to the dentist.
b) I will go to the dentist.
2. Which one of the pair expresses necessity?
a) You have to be very careful in choosing friends.
b) You can be very careful in choosing friends.
3. Which one of the pair expresses moral obligation?
a) Parents should teach their children how to make good decision.
b) Parents must teach their children how to make good decision.
4. Which one of the pair expresses more formal and polite way of saying that someone has
permission?
a) Students may travel free.
b) Students can travel free.
5. Which one of the pair expresses polite way of asking permission to do something?
a) Could we go home now?
b) Can we go home now?
6.Which one expresses recommendation or moral obligation?
a) We should understand our roles to keep our family strong.
b) We mustn't forget our roles to keep our family strong.
7. Which one of the pair expresses an obligation?
a) We must meet again soon.
b) We will meet again soon.
8. Which one of the pair expresses ability?
a) Can I lift that for you?
b) I can lift that easily.
9. Which one of the pair expresses a request for permission?
a) Could I go now?
b) I could go now.
10. Which one of the pair expresses ability?
a) He could speak several languages.
b) He could speak to the boss.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 12

Task 2
A. Directions: Use must, have to, should and ought to correctly in the following
sentences.

1. Children __________ obey their parents. 2. Parents ___________ respect their children
too. 3. Challenges ___________ not keep us from achieving our dreams. 4. Parents
___________ send their children to school. 5. Before, one talks about an issue, he/she
___________ read about it first. 6. Family members __________ understand that they
have important roles to perform in keeping the family strong. 7. Friends __________ be
carefully chosen for the influence they can have. 8. The school, as a second home
________constantly nurture and protect the rights of children. 9. We _______find courage
even in the small things that we do. 10. In order to succeed, you _________ believe that
you can.

B. Directions: Read the following sentences. Use the correct modals of prohibitions in
each of the sentences.
1. _______ I stay with the group?
2. You _______ park here, ma‘am. The parking lot is full.
3. You ______ wear shirts but you _____ wear jeans in the pool.
4. You _____ use Mandela‘s speech to inspire the youth.
5. You _______ make noise while the session is ongoing.

“I hope you really had fun in our activity. Just let me know if you need my help or if
you need someone to talk to.”

“It’s such a wonderful experience with you! Please check with your Teacher the
result of your assessment. For more exciting tasks, you can answer the worksheets on
Modal verbs.”

“Stay safe! Many are in danger to keep you safe. Cooperate and do your share, Stay
at home!”

“Always pray that God will bless this school year as you continue to learn valuable
things. Pray for our teachers and DepEd Officials. Pray for our President and local officials.
Pray for our family and pray for one another.”

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 13

 ENRICHMENT

Read the article carefully and do your best to answer the questions that follow.

What are Family Values?

What should make up a strong family that possesses good family values? It is the family that
sustains its members, that supports and nourishes each other throughout the span of that family. A
strong family unit has to create a safe, positive and supportive place for all members to thrive. They are
able to utilize resources and to live together in a fairly healthy manner.
The adults in a strong family set the tone. They are good role models that lead by example. They
reach out to friends and community and teach their children the importance of doing the same -- and
that becomes part of who the children are. They work together to solve problems, and they pass their
skills on to the next generation. Some important elements of a strong family system are family cohesion,
family flexibility and family communication.
Cohesion- In families, cohesion would be defined as the feeling of being loved, of belonging to the
group and being nurtured by it. Although closeness is good in a family unit, there must be a balance
between being together and being separate. A person must be able to develop their individuality, while
being supported and confident within the family. A few things that bring a family together are the
commitment of other family members, and the spending of time together.
Flexibility- There must be a structure in a family or it will become chaotic and will not be a
peaceful setting for a family. Conversely, there must be flexibility or the family becomes rigid and the
authority figures are resented. We could compare a successful family to a democracy. There are leaders,
but the whole group is involved in the decision making process. Although the leaders are in charge all
members develop the ability to cope with stress, and at times lead. While the family works to avoid
stressful situations they work together to solve problems, without blaming, criticizing and finding fault
with each other. Families that tend to have a strong spiritual base seem to have a sense of well-being
that facilitates this working together in times of stress.
Communication- Ever hear the saying, "What we have here is a failure to communicate?" A lack of
communication can rip a family apart and destroy them. Things that facilitate communication are the
things mentioned so far -- family closeness, flexibility, time spent together, spirituality. All members must
feel a freedom within the group to express themselves freely.
Another very important factor is the relationship between the "head" couple. In a family that is
parented by a happily married couple, people are able to express themselves more freely. What they
might say isn't filtered through the problems of the "guardians." A happy marriage seems to set the tone
in the house. It spills over from the family to the community and a healthy family will be reaching out to
help others. They do not tend to isolate themselves from the rest of the world.
A very important thing for families to teach their children is how to make good decisions. If they
have watched their parents making well thought out decisions over the years, they will tend to be good
decision makers themselves.
A healthy, happy family benefits our whole society. Among the children of strong families there is
less crime, less divorce and less emotional problems. They tend to go on and have strong, healthy
families of their own, having learned from their folk's example.

DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 14

(Source: http://www.essortment.com/family-values-39982.html)
Activity 1:
Directions: Below are sentences taken from the article you have just read.
1. A strong family unit has to create a safe, positive and supportive place for all members to thrive.
2. There must be a structure in a family or it will become chaotic and will not be a peaceful setting for a
family.
3. All members must feel the freedom within the group to express themselves freely within the group.
4. A person must be able to develop his individuality by gaining support and trust from the family.

Answer the following Questions:

1. What do the words in bold face do in the statements?
2. What do they express?
3. When do we use usually use them? What are they called?

Activity 2:

Direction: Study the following sentences.

1. You can check your answers before submitting them to me.

2. You can take a deep breath before rendering your speech.

3. Other speakers mustn‘t make noise while one speaker is on stage.

4. You can‘t speak before a big audience if you are nervous.

Answer the following Questions:

1. What do the underlined words in each sentence suggest?

2. How do we call these underlined words?

Activity 3:

Directions: Read the following sentences. Use the correct modals of Prohibitions in each of the
sentences.

1. _________ I stay with the group?

2. You _________ park here, ma’am. The Parking lot is full.
3. You _________ wear shirts but you _____ wear jeans in the pool.
4. You ____________ use Mandela’s speech to inspire the youth.
5. You _________ make noise while the session is ongoing.

Answer the following Questions:

1. What have you noticed with your answers (words used)?

2. How do we call these words?
DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 15
Activity 4: The Wall Street Crash and the Great Depression have their causes and effects. What do you
think can be done to prevent this from happening again? Complete the sentences below.

To be ready for an economic crisis, To win over an economic crisis,

I can… I can’t…
We can… I mustn’t…
We can’t…
We mustn’t…

FOR MORE ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITIES

At home, you will do the following exercises to ensure that you do not forget your lessons
on Modals. Here are the List of Worksheets/activities, Online Assessment and Presentations.

SOURCES

Website:

1. https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/modal-verbs-1-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-
obligation ( with Online Test)
2. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.english-at-home.com/grammar-modals-obligation/ ( with online
test)
3. https://prezi.com/16tf4bx4vijc/permission-obligation-and-prohibition/
4. https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/modals-permission-
and-obligation (with online Test)

Presentation:

1. https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/BAIRONSUPERNOVA/modal-verbs-of-obligation-permission-
prohibition

Video:
1. https://m.youtube.com/results?search_query=Modals#searching
2. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ELfjg5n4xHE#searching
3. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ELfjg5n4xHE#searching

Online Test:

1. https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5ca67a3c1603b1001c638056/b18-modal-verbs-obligation-permission-
prohibition
(You are given 30 seconds for every item)
2. https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/ObligProhib.htm
(No time limit)
3. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.proprofs.com/quiz-
school/storyamp.php%3ftitle=mtmynzu4mqoso1

DepEd Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)

https://www.uv.mx/personal/damorales/files/2013/01/modals-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf
DIVISION OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL- MODULE IN ENGLISH GRADE 9 Q1-W1 16