Bibliography

Allison Krause [Photograph]. (n.d.).

A photo of Allison Krause, a 19-year-old victim who died because of the shooting

Demonstrators for Equal Rights Waving Signs [Photograph]. (n.d.). Life Magazine Photos, Washington.

Photo of demonstrators demanding equal rights during the civil rights movement as they march in

Washington.

Evans, Michael. “The View from Kent State: 11 Speak Out.” New York Times, 11 May 1970.

An article written in the New York Times that follows the interview and recollections if 11

eyewitnesses who were present during the shooting. 11 people who were at the scene when

shots were fired are interviewed about the event, the war, President Nixon, and other topics

relating to the anti-war movement.

Filo, J. (1970, May 4). Mary Ann Vecchio Over Kent State Victim [Photograph]. Kent State University.

The powerful, well known image of Young runaway, Mary Ann Vecchio, shouting over the dead

body of a student who was shot in the massacre, taken by John Filo.

Haeberle, R. L. (n.d.). A group of civilian women and children before being killed by the U.S. Army during

the massacre [Photograph].

 A photograph of women and children crying before being massacred by American Soldiers in My

Lai where over 500 men, women and children were raped, mutilated, and murdered.

History.com Editors. “Kent State Shooting.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 8 Sept. 2017,

www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/kent-state-shooting.

A website by History.com describes the Vietnam War and its controversies including the arrival of

the Ohio National Guard on campus that led up to the shooting.

How old were the victims? (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2020, from https://www.library.kent.edu/how-

old-were-victims

General information of the students who died, including their names, age, birthday, what they

were studying, where they were from, and what injury they died from. Alison Krause (19),

Jeffrey Glenn Miller (20), Sandra Lee Scheuer, (20), and William Knox Schroeder, (19).

Jeffrey Glenn Miller [Photograph]. (1970).

Kaur, Harmeet. “50 Years Ago Today, the Shooting of 4 College Students at Kent State Changed

America.” CNN, Cable News Network, 4 May 2020, www.cnn.com/2020/05/04/us/kent-state-

shooting-50th-anniversary-trnd
 An article by CNN explains the events that happened the day of the shooting, starting with the

events of previous days, the burning of an ROTC building, the calling of the National Guard, and

then ultimately the shooting themselves.

Lee, D. (Director). (2020, May 4). May 4: Our Place in History (Documentary on the Kent State Shootings)

[Video file]. Retrieved September, 2020, from https://youtu.be/bJYSSJQmVE8

News Service, K. (1970, May 4). Student Receiving First Aid [Photograph]. Kent State University Libraries.

Special Collections and Archives, Kent State University Libraries, Kent State University.

“Mr. Nixon on Vietnam.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 10 Jan. 1971,

www.nytimes.com/1971/01/10/archives/mr-nixon-on-vietnam.html?searchResultPosition=7.

An article written in the New York Times, President Nixon, who was one of the Presidents during

the Vietnam war, quickly makes statements about the bombings and actions of American troops

in Vietnam and some remarks about actions of President Nixon.

Nixon-Cambodia [Photograph]. (1970, April 30). Getty Images.

Sandra schuer [Photograph]. (n.d.).

Smith, F. (1970, May). Burned ROTC Building [Photograph]. Frank Smith Photographs, Kent State

University Libraries, Kent State University.

“The Antiwar Movement.” Ushistory.org, Independence Hall Association,

www.ushistory.org/us/55d.asp.

A website written that describes why the war was controversial, including the draft that sent

young men in America to fight in the war in Vietnam and possibly die.

“The May 4 Shootings at Kent State University: The Search For.” Kent State University,

www.kent.edu/may-4-historical-accuracy.

A website by that explains the events and follows the actions of the victims leading up to them

being shot.

Tolliver, L. (1970, May 2). Burned Down ROTC Building [Photograph]. Kent State University Libraries.

Special Collections and Archives, Kent State University Libraries, Kent State University.

Photo from the Kent State University Libraries of the burnt down ROTC building after conflicts

between the national guard and student protesters on campus.

University of Michigan Anti-War Protesters [Photograph]. (1969, September 20). Detroit News
 Collection, Walter P. Reuther Library, Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs, Wayne State

University, University of Michigan Campus.

Marching Anti-War Protesters in University of Michigan demanding that the war in Vietnam end.

Unknown. “Neil Young – Ohio.” Genius, 1 June 1970, genius.com/Neil-young-ohio-lyrics.

Genius, a well-known Lyric-interpreting website goes into depth and speculates the deeper

meaning to the Lyrics and makes more intense connection to the war and the protests. ‘Tin

soldiers and Nixon’s coming’ could be pointing out how the soldiers acted like the small plastic or

metal soldiers often used as toys or collected, acting emotionless and following orders with little

to no sympathy for those they hurt on their path. ‘We’re finally on our own’ could possibly be

expressing how the generation was left alone by the government as they spoke up on their

beliefs.

William Schroeder [Photograph]. (n.d.).

A photograph of one of the four victims, William Schroeder, that died because of the shootings.

Young, N. (1970). Ohio [MP3, Recorded by 996292692 769251790 C. Stills & 996292694 769251790
Nash & Young]. (1970, May 21)

An article by CNN explains the events that happened the day of the shooting.
Row of National Guard personnel at the crest of hill near the Pagoda sculpture,” Kent State

University Libraries. Special Collections and Archives, accessed September 30, 2020,

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1464.

Ohio, 2:12

Ohio, by Neil Young is a song which Neil wrote immediately after seeing the photos in Life magazine. The

song, when listening to the lyrics, are very obviously against the actions of the National Guard and

stands in solidarity with the protesters.

https://youtu.be/bJYSSJQmVE8?list=TLPQMjMwOTIwMjC464u8CYFBIQ

https://www.library.kent.edu/how-old-were-victims

General information of the students who died, including their names, age, birthday, what they

were studying, where they were from, and what injury they died from. Alison Krause (19),

Jeffrey Glenn Miller (20), Sandra Lee Scheuer, (20), and William Knox Schroeder, (19).

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/3910

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1661
https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/6410

https://dynaimage.cdn.cnn.com/cnn/w_1600/https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.cnn.com%2Fcnnnext%2Fdam

%2Fassets%2F200503103818-02-kent-state-shootings.jpg

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1464

Row of National Guard personnel at the crest of hill near the Pagoda sculpture,” Kent State

University Libraries. Special Collections and Archives, accessed September 30, 2020,

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1464.

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1465

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1441

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1440

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1538

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1275

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1288

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1513

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/7344

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1456
https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1395

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1476

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1418

https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/1426

https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/my-lai-massacre-1#:~:text=On%20the%20home

%20front%20in,U.S.%20military%20presence%20in%20Vietnam.

An article that explains the My Lai massacre and how it ended up affecting the anti-war

movement and sentiments about the US in Vietnam. After Charlie Company lost around

28 men, dwindling the men down to around a hundred, morale was low and anger and

frustration was high. Army commanders told the troops that many of the people in the

village were likely to be Viet Cong sympathizers and enforced the fact that the villagers

were dangerous. The village consisted mostly of women and children and old men

preparing rice for their breakfast when the soldiers stormed the village and searched all

the huts, only finding a couple of weapons. William Calley ordered them to shoot

everyone, and they began shooting, looting, murdering, and raped several women and

small girls before mutilating and murdering them, neither young children nor pregnant

women could escape the fate the soldiers brought down on them. An eyewitness recalls

that they didn’t see anybody military aged that lived in the village. After hundreds of

men, women, and children were murdered, it ended after an Army helicopter pilot
 threatened to oen fire if they continued attacking the villagers. Higher officers knew the

scandal of 504 people being murdered would cause and tried to cover it up but they

were eventually exposed and the public and soldiers in Vietnam began to wonder what

else they were hiding and in the US, people became bitter towards the war and its

atrocities and fueled anti-war sentiment.

Need to cite:

https://dynaimage.cdn.cnn.com/cnn/w_1600/https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.cnn.com%2Fcnnnext%2Fdam

%2Fassets%2F200503103532-01-kent-state-shootings.jpg

https://www.history.com/.image/c_limit%2Ccs_srgb%2Cq_auto:good

%2Cw_1400/MTcyMjQzMDQ3NTQ1ODQxMTc3/kent-state-shootings-gettyimages-515044844.webp

https://www.gannett-cdn.com/presto/2020/04/30/PCIN/20b2df23-cd13-4c0a-8cdd-45f2e6d9dada-

allison_krause_1.jpg?width=1800

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/35/Jeffrey_Glenn_Miller.jpg

https://www.kentstateshootingsexpert.com/uploads/1/2/5/8/125885200/sandra-scheuer_3.jpg
https://www-s3-live.kent.edu/s3fs-root/s3fs-public/04.18.19%20Photo%201%20-%20Bill%20Schroeder

%20%20photo%20courtesy%20Kent%20State%20University%20Libraries%2C%20Special%20Collections

%20and%20Archives.jpg

https://www.history.com/.image/c_limit%2Ccs_srgb%2Cq_auto:good

%2Cw_1400/MTcyMTUxNTkxNTg1OTgxNjA1/nixon-cambodia-gettyimages-615318204.webp

https://time.com/longform/my-lai-massacre-ron-haeberle-photographs/