Pre-Conventional

- In pre-conventional morality, the focus is on individual consequences in determining

right and wrong.

Stage 1 – Punishment obedient orientation

Avoid Punishment

Example: Sleep early

Stage 2 – Instrumental Purposive Orientation

Self interest

Example: Affliation

Conventional
- At this level an individual obeys rules and follows society's norms. It’s characterized by
an acceptance of society's conventions concerning right and wrong.

Stage 3 – Interpersonal Concordance Orientation

Getting People to like them

Example: We do our best in school.

Stage 4 – Social Structure Orientation

Maintain Functioning Society

Law is important more that individual needs.

Example: Follow rules

Post-Conventional
- identifies the ethical reasoning of moral actors who make decisions based on rights,
values, duties, or principles that are (or could be) universalizable.

Stage 5 – Social Contract Orientation

Reject Rigidity of Laws. People now believe that some laws are unjust and should be changed or
eliminated.
Example:

Stage 6 – Universal Ethical Principle

Objective morality

Develop Sense of justice