“Performance Analysis of SISO /MISO For Inter-UAVs

Swarm With Pointing Error Effect”

Simulation Procedures
1. Introduction:

Our system model consist of a number of drones that compose the V-shape configuration.
The entire V-shaped drones’ network is optically connected to mother drone (DM) which
in turn connect to one Ground Station (GS). The suggested network is for down-link and
will have two transmission topologies that are: Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO), and
Multiple-Input-Single-Output (MISO). The MATLAB code in pointing error-13 can be
considered for SISO topology (need additional code to be completed). The next steps will
be simulation for MISO channel.

2. System Models:
2.1 Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) Channel:
This type of topology is for the link between drones in the same arm such as the
right arm drones DR or the left arm drones DL, or the link between the last drone in
the arm connected to the mother drone DM. The received signal can be calculated:
y = hRx PFSO + n (1)
where PFSO is the transmitted power, R is the detector responsivity, x is the
transmitted signal, n is the noise caused by various sources, and h is the channel
state that is [1]:
h = hahf hp (2)
In MATLAB code “Pointing Error-13’, we simulated ha, hf, hp , and consequently
h. We need to simulate the probability distribution function (PDF) of h as in
equation (3):
(3)

where γ = wzeq/2σs is the ratio between the equivalent beam radius at the receiver
and the pointing error displacement standard deviation (jitter) at the receiver[2].
(Equation (3) not simulated in Pointing error-13 yet). Then, calculate the average
BER (ABER) by multiplying instantaneous BER with the PDF of h [2] as:

∞
ABER( h)=∫ BER × f h ( h ) dh (4)
0

Last and not least, plot the ABER with respect to SNR in order to see the
performance of SISO channel for suggested network.

2.2 Multiple Input-Single Output (MISO) Channel:

This type of topology is for Mother Drone DM that is connected to drones side
in the V-shape, and the other side is connected to GS. Here the D M is M*1,
where M=2 in our system. The received signal can be calculated as:
M
y=xR ∑ hmn +v n (5)
m=1

where h mn is the irradiance from the mth transmitter and nth receiver, and v n is
the AWGN with zero mean and variance σv= N0/2. The irradiance h mn models
can be calculated as [1]:
hmn=hamn hfmn hpmn (6)
 Then, simulate the probability distribution function (PDF) of hmn as in
equation (7):
γ 2 γ −1
2

f h ( hmn )= 2 h mn (7)
mn
A0γ

Then, calculate the average BER (ABER) by multiplying instantaneous BER with
the PDF of hmn as in equation (8) [2]:

∞
ABER( h¿¿ mn)=∫ BER × f h ( h mn ) d h mn ¿
mn
(8)
0

Finally, plot the ABER( h¿¿ mn) ¿ with respect to SNR in order to see the
performance of MISO channel for our system and analysis the results.

3. Some Questions: Before I simulate the above steps, there are some questions:
i. Are my procedure correct? What is your notes if there are mistakes?
ii. How many Drones in each arm?
iii. The suggested distance from source to destination is 5 Km. What is the
distance between the drones?
iv. Are the refractive index structure parameters C n2 can be consider constant
for SISO and MISO? Or just for SISO can be constant because it can be
consider the SISO as horizontal path.

[1] K. Prabu, D. S. Kumar, and R. Malekian, “Optik BER analysis of

BPSK-SIM-based SISO and MIMO FSO systems in strong turbulence
with pointing errors,” Opt. - Int. J. Light Electron Opt., vol. 125, no.
21, pp. 6413–6417, 2014.
[2] H. G. Sandalidis, “Optimization Models for Misalignment Fading
Mitigation in Optical Wireless Links,” vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 395–397,
 2008.

Best Regards/Your Student: Abdullah Jameel Mahdi