Design of Substructure

DESIGN OF
SUBSTRUCTURE
OF MJB-1
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT
Design of Abutment
Detailed Design of Abutment & Foundation

1.0 Design Data
1.1 Span
a) Left Span (c/c of exp gap) 35 m
b) Right Span (c/c of exp gap) 0 m
c) Left Span (c/c of brg) 33.400 m
d) Right Span (c/c of brg) 0.000 m
e) Alignment - Left Span Stright
f) Alignment - Right Span Stright
g) Radius of curve - Left Span 10000000 m
h) Radius of curve - Right Span 10000000 m
i) Carriageway width -Left Span 9.000 m
j) Carriageway width -Right Span 0.000 m
k) Overall width- Left Span 12.500 m
l) Overall width- Right Span 0.000 m
m) Depth of superstructure -Left Span 2.475 m
n) Depth of superstructure -Right Span 0.000 m
o) Cg of superstructure from bottom - Left Span 1.679 m
p) Cg of superstructure from bottom - Right Span 0.000 m
q) Spacing of girders 3.000 m
r) Ht of crash barrier 1.05 m
s) Wearing coat thickness 0.065 m
t) Height of downstand 0 m
u) Height of bearing and pedestal 0.35 m
1.2 Salient Levels
a) Formation Level 378.500 m
b) Bearing Level of fixed bearing 375.960 m
c) Abutment Cap top Level 375.498 m
d) Lowest Bed level 370.000 m
e) Top of pile cap 371.200 m
f) Scour level 365.200 m
g) Length of pile 18.6 m
h) Foundation level 350.800 m
1.3 Hydraulic Data for river Buri Rapti at bridge location:
a) Discharge = 11220.0 Cumec
b) Velocity = 3.0 m/sec
c) Highest Flood level, HFL = 372.5 m
d) Lowes water level, LWL = 364.0 m
e) Scour Level near Pier at normal case = 353.0 m
f) Scour Level near abutment with pitching at normal case = 357.7 m
1.4 Dimension details of spillthrough abutment
a) Width of abutment Cap 2.00 m
b) Length of abutment Cap 12.50 m
c) Distance from center of exp. joint to bearing 0.80 m
d) Thickness of abutment Cap 0.90 m
e) Height of skin wall 0.50 m
f) Size of abutment column Nos. = 4
width = 0.75 m
Depth = 1.75 m
Spacing = 3.00 m
b/d 0.43 OK
g) Distance from center of column to center of bearing 0.295 m
h) Distance from enter of bearing to center offoundation 0.00 m
i) Thickness of dirt wall & skin wall 0.35 m
j) Height of abutment Shaft 3.397 m
k) Ecc of pier cap/superstructure with pier in long dirn. 0.00 m
l) Ecc of pier cap/superstructure with pier in tran dirn. 0.00 m
Page No. 1 of 92
Design of Abutment
1.4 Details of wearing coat and backfill matterial
Thk. of Ashphaltic Concrete = 40 mm Angle of internal friction (φ) = 30.00 degrees
Thk. of mastic Asphalt = 25 mm Angle of wall friction (δ) = 20.00 degrees
Thk. of fill over base slab = 0.0 mm Slope of backfill soil (β) = 0.00 degrees
Unit weight of wearing coat = 22.0 kN/m3 Angle of earthside wall (α) = 0.00 degrees
Unit weight of soil = 19.0 kN/m3 Surcharge 1.2xγsoil
1.5 Foundation dimension

a) No of piles 12
b) Foundation Dimension along Long. Direction 8.70 m
c) Foundation Dimension along Trans. Direction 12.30 m
d) Foundation Thickness 1.80 m
e) Pile Capacity (Vertical) 3000 kN
f) Pile Capacity (Lateral) 730 kN
g) Eccentricity of Substructure from fndn c.g : Long 0 m
h) Eccentricity of Substructure from fndn c.g : Trans 0 m
i) Diameter of Pile 1.2 m
1.6 Others
3
a) Unit wt of concrete for pier & piercap 25 kN/m
3
b) Unit wt of concrete for pile foundation 25 kN/m
3
c) Unit wt of Earth above foundation 19 kN/m
3
d) Unit wt of wearing coat 22 kN/m
e) Grade of concrete ofabutment & abutment cap M40
Grade of concrete = M40 Mean concrete strength fcm = 50.00 MPa
Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 33346 MPa Mean tensile strength fctm = 3.03 MPa
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 2.12 MPa Upper fractile tensile fctm95 = 3.94 MPa
Material safety factor γm = 1.50 Design concrete strength fcd = 17.87 MPa
Permissible tensile stress = 1.41 MPa Coeff of thermal expansion = 12 E-06 /0C
Permissible Compressive stress at rare combination of loads = 19.20 MPa
Permissible Compressive stress at frequent combination of loads = 14.40 MPa
f) Grade of concrete of pile foundation M35

g) Grade of steel Fe500

Grade of reinforcement Fe 500 Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Material safety factor gs = 1.15 Design yield strength fyd = 434.78 MPa
Design yield strain eyd = 0.0022 Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
1.6 Seismic Forces Seismic Zone Zone III
Page No. 2 of 92
Design of Abutment
1.7 Sketches
1.750 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.750
Abutment cap 0.90

12.50
Abutment column
0.75
3.000 3.000 3.000
371.200
12.300 Pile Cap 1.80
1200 dia pile
Elevation of abutment, abutment cap along Transverse direction
0.900
0.500
2.00
0.830
1.75
2.90 0.2950
Bed level
371.200
Pile Cap
8.700 1.80
1200 dia pile
Elevation of Pier cap, Pier along Longitudinal direction
1.750 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.750
2.000
12.50
Plan at pier cap top level
Page No. 3 of 92
Design of Abutment
2.0 Load calculation

2.1 Dead Load of structure
2.1.1 Self weight of superstructure
Support reactions for self weight of girders & wt of deck slab from superstructure analysis are
considered for analysis of substructure & foundation,
(a) Left Span = 33.400 m
Dead load of Longitudinal Girder 1 = 943.1 97.5 1040.65 kN
DL Reaction of Super structure = 4381.3 kN
Spacing of girder = 3.000 m
(b) Right Span = 0.000 m
Total dead load of Superstructure = 4381.3 kN
Distance from center of column to center of bearing = 0.295 m
Distance from enter of bearing to center offoundation = 0.000 m
Longitudinal moment at column centre = 1292.5 kN-m
Longitudinal moment at foundation center = 0.00 kN-m
Tranverse Momoment = -760.55 kN-m
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos(φ/2)] or 2/3*R[1-cos(φ/2)]
Where, φ = L/2R, R (left) = 1E+07 m L (left) = 35 m
R (right) = 1E+07 m L (right) = 0.00 m
Table 2.1.1 Summary of self weight of superstructure
Eccentricity (m) Long. Tranverse
Verical load
Span mkd moment moment
(kN) Long Trans
(kN-m) (kN-m)
Left span 4381.3 0.295 0.000 1292.5 0.0
Right span 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0
Total 4381.3 1292.49 0.04
2.1.2 Self weight of substructure

Self weight of substructure is computed considering unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3.
Ecc about
Ecc about pier
SL. No. Loads Nos. Length (m) Breadth (m) Height (m) Load (kN) foundation
center (m)
center (m)
1 Bearing 4 Wt of each bearing = 5 kN 20.00 0.295 0.000
2 Pedestal 4 1.00 1.00 0.25 25 0.295 0.000
3 Abut cap 1 12.50 2.00 0.90 562.5 0.125 -0.170
4 Seismic Arrestor1 1.85 0.65 1.20 36.08 -0.200 -0.495
5 Dirt wall 1 12.50 0.35 2.89 316.09 -0.7 -0.995
6 Skin wall 1 12.50 0.35 0.50 54.69 -0.700 -0.995
7 Pier column 4 1.75 0.75 3.397 445.86 0.000 -0.295
Therefore total weight of substructure = 1460.2 kN
Longitudinal moment at column centre = -183.2 kN-m
Longitudinal moment at foundation center = -613.9 kN-m
Page No. 4 of 91
Design of Abutment
2.1.3 Self weight of foundation and wt of soil above foundation
Unit weight of soil = 19 kN/m3.
Ecc about
SL. No. Loads Nos. Length (m) Breadth (m) Height (m) Load (kN) foundation
center (m)
1 Pile cap 1 12.30 8.70 1.80 4815.45 0.000
2 Soil above pile cap top 1 12.30 8.703.397 6567.896 0.000
3 Soil at back of dirt wall 1 12.30 3.20 3.79 2834.3 -2.770
4 Live load surcharge 1 12.30 3.20 1.20 897.41 -2.770
Dead Load of Fondation = 4815.5 kN
Weight of soil on Fondation excluding live load surcharge = 9402.2 kN
Long moment due to wt of soil on Fondation excluding live load surcharge = -7851.0 kN-m
Weight due to live load surcharge = 897.4 kN
Long moment due to live load surcharge = -2485.8 kN-m
2.2 Super Impose Dead Load from superstructure

Support reactions of girders for superimposed live load from superstructure analysis are considered for
analysis of substructure & foundation,
(a) Left Span
SIDL of Longitudinal Girder 1 = 120.89 kN
SIDL reaction from longer Super structure = 357.87 kN
(b) Right Span
SIDL of Longitudinal Girder 3 0.00 kN
SIDL reaction from shorter Super structure = 0.00 kN
Total SIDL from Superstructure = 357.87 kN
Distance from center of column to center of bearing = 0.295 m
Distance from enter of bearing to center offoundation = 0.000 m
Longitudinal moment at column centre = 105.6 kN-m
Longitudinal moment at foundation center = 0.00 kN-m
Tranverse Momoment = 397.23 kN-m
Table 2.2.1 Summary of super impose dead load
Verical
load (kN) Long Trans (kN-m) (kN-m)
Left span 357.9 0.295 0.000 105.6 0.0
Right span 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0
Total 357.9 105.57 0.00
Page No. 5 of 91
Design of Abutment
2.3 Footpath Live Load from superstructure
As per Cl. No. 206.3 of IRC:6-2014, Footpath live load is considered together with vehicle loads.
/
P= (P -260+4800/L)x((16.5-1.5)/15)
Where, P/ = 500 Kg/m
2
W= 1.5 m
L1 = 33.40 m L2 = 0.00 m
2 2
P1 = 383.7 Kg/m P= 383.7 Kg/m
U.D.L. due to footpath live load = 5.76 kN/m 5.76 kN/m
Table 2.3.1 Summary of footpath live load
Vertical reaction (kN) Eccentricity (m)
Span mkd Due to
One side Both sides Long Trans
curvature
Left span 100.7 201.4 0.295 5.00 0.000
Right span 0.0 0.0 0.000 5.00 0.000
2.4 Vehicular Live Load from superstructure

Maximum Longitudinal Moment due to vehicular live load is summarized below. The
longitudinal dispositions of axle loads causing maximum reaction and moments on
substructure and foundation are computed in a separate pages.
Table 2.4.1 Summary of Vehicular live load at bearing level for Normal load case
Vertical Horizontal Force (kN) ML (KN- MT (KN-
Loaded length
Load V HL HT m) m)
Max. Long Moment
1051.74 368.12 0.01 420.70 3055.35
(2L 70R)
Table 2.4.2 Summary of Vehicular live load at bearing level for Longitudinal Seismic
Loaded length HL HT
Load V m) m)
Max. Long Moment
210.35 263.19 0.00 84.14 611.07
(2L 70R)
2.5 Wind Load on structure

Wind load has been calculated as per clause no. 209 of IRC 6:2014. A detailed calculation for Wind load
on the Structure has been calculated in a separate page of this design Calculation report. A summary of
forces & moments on the structure has been presented here.
Table 2.7.1 Summary of Wind force at bearing level
Case Vertical Longitudi Transvers Long. Tranv.
Unloaded 212.51 27.41 109.65 12.68 132.41
Loaded Structure 181.07 33.91 135.64 15.68 432.11
Table 2.7.1 Summary of Wind force at base of pier
Case Vertical Longitudi Transvers Long. Tranv.
Unloaded 212.51 28.29 212.51 134.90 621.29
2.6 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

WV2
C =
127R
W = Live load
V = Design Speed = 100 km/hr.
R = The Radius of Curvature in m = 1E+07 m
Page No. 6 of 91
Design of Abutment
2.7 Earth pressure calculation

2
2.7.1 Active earth Pressure on vertical wall at normal case water at LWL 0.000 kN/m
(As per clause IRC:6-2017)
Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case Ka
2
= Cos (φ-α)
2 1/2 2
Cos α*Cos(α+δ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β)/(Cos(α-δ)*Cos(δ+α))} ]
Note :-
2
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the 4.225 kN/m
vertical on the earth side = 0.00 radians
φ = Angle of internal friction of the earth fill = 0.52 radians
δ = Angle of friction of the earth side wall with the earth=2φ/3 = 0.35 radians
β = Inclination of the earth fill surface with horizontal = 0.00 radians
Lowes water level, LWL 364.000 m
Abutment Cap bottom Level 369.400 m
Hence, dry unit wt of soil shall be considered.
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m2
Surcharge = 1.2xγsoil = 22.80 kN/m2
Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case = Ka = 0.297
Earth pressure = γs * height of wall * Ka
Height between top of dirt wall & bottom of skin wall = 4.225 m
Height of abutment column from bottom of skin wall = 2.897 m
Depth of pile cap = 1.800 m
Horz. earth pr. at top = 0.297*19*0*COS(0.35) = 0.000 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at bottom of skin wall = 0.297*19*4.225*COS(0.35) = 22.43 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at top of abutment column= 2x0.297*19*4.225*COS(0.35)= = 44.86 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at bot. of abutment column= 2x0.297*19*(4.225+2.897)*COS(0.35)= = 75.61 kN/m2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top 0.297x1.2x19xcos(0.35) = 6.370 kN/m2

Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at abutment column = 12.740 kN/m2
Summary of Earth pressure on dirt wall & abutment column
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force Lever arm Moment at
Height (m) (kN/m at centre of centre of abut
width) abut cap(m) cap (kN-m/m)
At top At bottom
a) Earth pressure
Dirt wall +skin wall 0.0 22.4 4.225 47.38 0.82 39.06
Abutment column 44.9 75.6 2.897 174.50
b))Live load surcharge
Abutment column 12.7 12.7 2.897 36.91
Summary of Force & moment due Earth pressure at bottom of pile cap
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Lever arm Moment at
Force
from bottom bottom of
Height (m) (kN/m Width (m) Force (kN) pile cap
of pile
width)
At top At bottom cap(m) (kN-m/m)
a) Earth pressure
Dirt wall +skin wall 0.0 22.4 4.23 47.38 12.5 592.23 6.47 3832.60
Abutment column 44.9 75.6 2.90 174.50 3 523.49 3.15 1649.38
Pile cap 37.8 47.4 1.80 76.65 12.30 942.79 0.80 758.33
Total 2058.50 6240.31
Abutment column 12.7 12.7 2.897 36.91 3 110.72 3.249 359.68
Pile cap 6.4 6.4 1.80 11.47 12.300 141.03 0.900 126.93
Total 588.17 2777.41
Page No. 7 of 91
Design of Abutment
2
2.7.2 Active earth Pressure on vertical wall at seismic case water at LWL 0.000 kN/m

2
= (1+-Av)*Cos (φ− λ -α)
2 1/2 2
Cosλ∗Cos α*Cos(α+δ+λ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β−λ)/(Cos(α-β)*Cos(δ+α+λ))} ]
Note :-
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the 5.818 kN/m2
2
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m
1.2xγsoil 2
Surcharge = = 22.80 kN/m
Seismic forces on the structure are calculated as per Cl 222, IRC : 6 - 2017.  z  S a 
   
Where, Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient  2  g 
Ah =
 R 
 
z = zone factor = For Zone III = 0.16  I 
I = Importance factor = = 1.20
R = Response Reduction factor = = 3.00
Sa/g = 2.5 for 0.0 < T < 0.55 For Medium Soil
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
So, Sa/g = = 2.50
Horizontal coefficient - Ah 0.16/2x2.5/(3/1.2) = 0.08
Vertical coefficient - Av = 0.05
λ = Ah/(1+Av) = 0.08
Active earth pressure coefficient at seismic case = Ka = 0.374
Dynamic increment of static earth pressure coefficient = 0.077
2
Horz. earth pr. at centre of top = = 0.000 kN/m
Horz. earth pr. at bottom of skin wall = = 5.82 kN/m2
2
Horz. earth pr. on abutment column = at top = 11.64 kN/m
2
at bottom = 19.62 kN/m
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top = 1.652 kN/m2
2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at bottom = 3.305 kN/m
Summary of Dynamic increment of Earth pressure on dirt wall & abutment column
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2)
Lever arm Moment at top
Height (m) Force (kN) of pile cap (kN-
(m)
At top At bottom m)
a) Earth pressure
Abutment column 11.6 19.6 2.897 45.27
Abutment column 3.3 3.3 2.897 9.57
Summary of Force & moment dueof Dynamic increment of Earth pressure at bottom of pile cap
Lever arm Moment at
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force
Height (m) (kN/m Width (m) Force (kN) pile cap
of pile
At top At bottom width) (kN-m/m)
cap(m)
a) Earth pressure
Abutment column 11.6 19.6 2.897 45.27 3 135.80 3.25 441.16
Pile cap 9.8 12.3 1.800 19.88 12.3 244.58 0.90 220.12
Total 534.02 1707.46
Abutment column 3.3 3.3 2.897 9.57 3 28.72 3.731 107.18
Pile cap 1.7 1.7 1.800 2.97 12.3 36.59 1.200 43.90
Total 152.58 806.82
Page No. 8 of 91
Design of Abutment
2.7.3 Active earth Pressure on vertical wall at normal case water at HFL
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the
Highest flood level, HFL 372.475 m
Bottom level of skin wall 374.098 m
Abutment Cap bottom Level 369.400 m
Hence, dry unit wt of soil shall be considered upto bottom of skin wall and remaining
portion submerged unit wt of soil shall be considered.
γs = Dry Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m2
Submerged Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 9.00 kN/m2
Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case = Ka = 0.297
Earth pressure = γs * height of wall * Ka
Height between top of dirt wall & bottom of skin wall = 4.225 m
Height of abutment column from bottom of skin wall = 2.897 m
Horz. earth pr. at top = 0.297*19*0*COS(0.35) = 0.000 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at bottom of skin wall = 0.297*19*4.225*COS(0.35) = 22.43 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at top of abutment column= 2x0.297*19*4.225*COS(0.35)= = 44.86 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at bot. of abutment column= 2x0.297*(19*4.225+9*2.897)*COS(0.35)= = 59.42 kN/m2
2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top 0.297x1.2x19xcos(0.35) = 6.370 kN/m
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at abutment column = 12.740 kN/m2
Summary of Earth pressure on dirt wall & abutment column
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force
Height (m) (kN/m Width (m) Force (kN)
At top At bottom width)
a) Earth pressure
Abutment column 44.9 59.4 2.897 151.05
Abutment column 12.7 12.7 2.897 36.91
Summary of Force & moment due Earth pressure at bottom of pile cap
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force Lever arm Moment at
Height (m) (kN/m Width (m) Force (kN) from bottom bottom of
At top At bottom width) of pile pile cap
a) Earth pressure
Abutment column 44.9 59.4 2.90 151.05 3 453.14 3.11 1408.37
Pile cap 29.7 34.2 1.80 57.55 12.30 707.92 0.79 559.00
Total 1753.29 5799.96
Abutment column 12.7 12.7 2.897 36.91 3 110.72 3.249 359.68
Pile cap 6.4 6.4 1.80 11.47 12.3 141.03 0.900 126.93
Total 588.17 2777.41
Page No. 9 of 91
Design of Abutment
2
2.7.4 Active earth Pressure on vertical wall at seismic case water at HFL 0.000 kN/m

2
= (1+-Av)*Cos (φ− λ -α)
2 1/2 2
Cosλ∗Cos α*Cos(α+δ+λ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β−λ)/(Cos(α-β)*Cos(δ+α+λ))} ]
Note :-
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the 5.818 kN/m2
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m
2

   
Where, Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient  2  g 
Ah =
 R 
 
z = zone factor = For Zone III = 0.16  I 
R = Response Reduction factor = = 3.00
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
So, Sa/g = = 2.50
Horizontal coefficient - Ah 0.16/2x2.5/(3/1.2) = 0.08
Vertical coefficient - Av = 0.05
λ = Ah/(1+Av) = 0.08
Active earth pressure coefficient at seismic case = Ka = 0.374
Dynamic increment of static earth pressure coefficient = 0.077
Horz. earth pr. at centre of top = = 0.000 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at bottom of skin wall = = 5.82 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. on abutment column = at top = 11.64 kN/m2
at bottom = 15.42 kN/m2
2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top = 1.652 kN/m
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at bottom = 3.305 kN/m2
Summary of Dynamic increment of Earth pressure on dirt wall & abutment Moment column
at top
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Lever arm of pile cap (kN-
Height (m) Force (kN)
At top At bottom (m) m)
a) Earth pressure
Abutment column 11.6 15.4 2.897 39.19
Abutment column 3.3 3.3 2.897 9.57
Summary of Force & moment dueof Dynamic increment of Earth pressure at bottom of pile cap
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Lever arm Moment at
Force
Height (m) (kN/m Width (m) Force (kN)
At top At bottom of pile pile cap
width)
cap(m) (kN-m/m)
a) Earth pressure
Abutment column 11.6 15.4 2.897 39.19 3 117.56 3.25 381.88
Pile cap 7.7 8.9 1.800 14.93 12.3 183.65 0.90 165.29
Total 454.84 1593.35
Abutment column 3.3 3.3 2.897 9.57 3 28.72 3.731 107.18
Pile cap 1.7 1.7 1.800 2.97 12.3 36.59 1.200 43.90
Total 152.58 806.82
Page No. 10 of 91
Design of Abutment
3.0 Live load calculation at normal case

Multiplication Congestion factor 1.225
Centrifugal Force Velocity, V = 100 kmph
Radius, R = 10000000 m
Acts at 1.2m m above deck level
Height of structure above bearing = 3.740 m
2
Centrifugal Force = WV /127R = 7.87E-06 W
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos( or 2/3*R[-cos(φ/2)]
R (right) = 1E+07 m L (right) = 0 m
Eccentricity due to curvature (left) = 0.000 m Right #DIV/0! m
3.1 MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

(a) 2-lane Class 70R (W) Loading
1000 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.50 0.5
1.2 2.79 3.26 2.3
0.86
12.50
Section showing location of 4L 70R wheeled loading
0 kN 5.124 CG of all loads =5.124m
8.691 4.724 from extreme right
170kN load.
C A
1225 kN
0.800 33.40 0.800
Rc (free bearing)= 1225+0-1,051.74 = 173.3 KN

RA (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 4.72)/33.4x1225+(33.4 - 8.691)/33.4x0 = 1051.74 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 1051.7 KN
Tranverse Eccentricity = 2.905 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 1225x0.2+0x0.05 = 245.00 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh = 0 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of left span = 4739.19 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span = 0.00 KN
Centrifugal Force for left span = 0.0 KN
Centrifugal Force for right span = 0.0 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxRc = 147.37 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc = 97.63 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 368.12 KN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force on pier 368.12 KN
Total Tranverse Force horizontal force on pier = 0.01 KN
Transverse moment MT = 3055.35 KN-m
Page No. 11 of 91
Design of Abutment
(b) Class 70R Tracked Loading
700 kN 0 kN
0.75 9.00 0.75 1.50 0.5
1.2 2.9 3.15 2.3
0.84
12.50
Section showing location of 70R Tracked Loading loading
0 kN 2.285
8.691 1.885
C A
858 kN
0.800 33.4 0.8
Rc (free bearing)= 857.5+0.00 - 809.106 = 48.39 KN

RA (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 1.89)/33.4x857.5+(33.4 - 8.691)/33.4x0 = 809.11 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 809.11 KN
Transverse eccentricity = 2.850 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 857.5x0.2+0x0.05 = 171.5 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc = 27.87 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 325.13 KN
(c) 2 lane Class A Loading

(i) Class A (2 Lane) Loading
540 kN 540 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.50 0.5
0.15 2.3 2.3
2.3 1.2 1.2
0.5
12.50
Section showing location of Class A loading
CG of all loads =9.091m
from extreme right 8.691
27 kN load.
C A
662 kN
0.800 33.4 0.8
2-lane 2-lane
Rc (free bearing)= 344.3 344.26 KN
RA (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 8.69)/33.4x661.5 978.74 978.74 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 978.7 978.7 KN
Eccentricity 2.450 0.700 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 132.30 165.38 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh 0 0.00 KN
Page No. 12 of 91
Design of Abutment
DL+SIDL Reaction of left span 4739.19 4739.19 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span 0.00 0.00 KN
Centrifugal Force for left span 0.0 0.01 KN
Centrifugal Force for right span 0.0 0.00 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxRc 152.50 152.50 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc -20.20 12.87 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc 320.32 336.86 KN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force on pier 320.32 336.86 KN
Total Tranverse Force horizontal force on pier 0.01 0.01 KN
Transverse moment MT 2397.96 685.17 KN-m
SUMMARY OF LIVE LOADS & MOMENTS
COMPONENTS 1lane 70R 1lane 70R CLASS A CLASS A
1.0 Vertical Load V 1051.74 809.11 978.74 978.74
2.0 Transverse Ecc. eT 2.905 2.850 2.450 0.700
3.0 Transverse Moment M T 3055.35 2305.98 2397.96 685.17
4.0 Longitudinal Ecc. eL 0.400 0.400 0.400 0.400
5.0 Difference in reaction 1051.74 809.11 978.74 978.74
6.0 Longitudinal Moment ML 420.70 323.64 391.50 391.50
7.0 Horizontal Force HL 368.12 325.13 320.32 336.86
8.0 Horizontal Force HT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
3.2 Summary of Live load Live Loads - Normal case

Horizontal Force (kN)
Load Case Vertical ML (KN- MT (KN-
HL HT
Load V m) m)
Case 1 : Max. M L Case (LL2)
a) 2 L Class 70R (W) 1051.74 368.12 0.01 420.70 3055.35
b) 2L Class 70R (T) 809.11 325.13 0.01 323.64 2305.98
c) 2L Class A 978.74 320.32 0.01 391.50 2397.96
d) 2L Class A 978.74 336.86 0.02 391.50 685.17
Page No. 13 of 91
Design of Abutment
3.3 Live load calculation at Seismic case

Multiplication factor 0.245
Radius, R = 10000000 m
2
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos( or 2/3*R[-cos(φ/2)]
Eccentricity due to curvature (left) = 0.000 m Right #DIV/0! m
3.3.1 MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

1000 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.5 0.5
1.2 2.79 3.26 2.3
0.86
12.50
170kN load.
C A
245 kN
0.800 33.40 0.800
Rc (free bearing)= 245+0-210.35 = 34.7 KN

RA (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 4.72)/33.4x245+(33.4 - 8.691)/33.4x0 = 210.35 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 210.3 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc = -94.22 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 263.19 KN
Page No. 14 of 91
Design of Abutment

700 kN 0 kN
0.75 9.00 0.8 1.5 0.5
1.2 2.9 3.15 2.3
0.84
12.50
0 kN 2.285
8.691 1.885
C A
172 kN
0.800 33.4 0.8
Rc (free bearing)= 171.5+0.00 - 161.822 = 9.68 KN

RA (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 1.89)/33.4x171.5+(33.4 - 8.691)/33.4x0 = 161.82 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 161.82 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc = -108.17 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 254.59 KN

(i) Class A (2 Lane) Loading + one two lane c'way loaded
540 kN 540 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.5 0.5
0.15 2.3 2.3
2.3 1.2 1.2
0.5
12.50
27 kN load.
C A
132 kN
0.800 33.4 0.8
2-lane 2-lane
Rc (free bearing)= 68.9 68.85 KN
RA (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 8.69)/33.4x132.3 195.75 195.75 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 195.7 195.7 KN
Page No. 15 of 91
Design of Abutment
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxRc 144.24 144.24 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc -117.78 -111.17 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc 253.63 256.94 KN

1lane 70R 1lane 70R CLASS A CLASS A
COMPONENTS
Wheeled Tracked 2L 2L
1.0 Vertical Load V 210.35 161.82 195.75 195.75
3.0 Transverse Moment MT 611.07 461.20 479.59 137.03
3.4 Summary of Live load Live Loads - seismic case

Horizontal Force (kN)
Load Case Vertical Load ML (KN- MT (KN-
HL HT
V (kN) m) m)
a) 2 L Class 70R (W) 210.35 263.19 0.00 84.14 611.07
b) 2L Class 70R (T) 161.82 254.59 0.00 64.73 461.20
c) 2L Class A 195.75 253.63 0.00 78.30 479.59
d) 2L Class A 195.75 256.94 0.00 78.30 137.03
Page No. 16 of 91
Design of Abutment
5.0 Wind Loads on Structure
Wind Load as per clause no. 209 of IRC 6:2017
Vb = design wind speed = 39 m/s
Tranverse wind Force FT = PZxA1xGxCD
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 25% of FT
Vertical wind Force FV = PZxA3xGxCL
Left Span (c/c of exp gap) = 35.00 m
Right Span (c/c of exp gap) = 0.00 m
Overall width- Left Span = 12.50 m
Overall width- Right Span = 0.00 m
Depth of superstructure -Left Span = 2.48 m
Depth of superstructure -Right Span = 0.00 m
where, Pz = The design wind pressure at the location of the bridge.
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =35/2x(2.475+1.05+0.065)+0/2x(0+1.05+0.065) = 62.825 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure =35x12.5/2+0x0/2 = 218.750 sqm
Type of Superstructure : Single beam/Box girder
b/d ratio for the Superstructure : =12.5/2.475 = 5.1
CD = Drag coefficient for the Superstructure = 1.3
(For slab bridge, CD =1.1, For Single beam/Box girder, CD =1.5 for b/d<=2.0, CD =1.3 for b/d>=6.0 and inbetween interpolated CD to be considered)
G = Gust Factor (If Span<=150, G=2, Otherwise Wind tunnel testing required) = 2.0
CL = Lift coefficient = 0.75
5.1 Wind load on Unloaded structure
a) Wind load on Superstructure
Bridge situated in : = Plain Terrain
Formation Level = 378.500 m
Bearing Level of fixed bearing = 375.960 m
Pier Cap top Level = 375.498 m
Ground level = 370.000 m
Pier base Level = 371.200 m
Wind Speed & design wind press for Basic wind speed of 33 m/sWind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 39m/s
H Bridge Situated in Bridge Situated in
Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions
2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m )
2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 32.85 647.6 21.0 266.1
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 34.51 715.8 23.2 321.9
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 35.81 769.0 24.8 370.5
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 37.11 824.3 26.9 436.0
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 39.12 920.7 29.4 517.3
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 39.71 944.6 30.3 548.8
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 40.18 968.7 31.0 576.6
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 40.65 993.3 31.8 605.2
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 41.25 1018.2 32.5 634.4
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 41.72 1043.3 33.3 664.3
Average Height of superstructure =378.5-371.2+1.05-(2.475+1.05)/2 = 6.5875 m
2
Lower bound Height = 10 m Pz = = 647.6 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 10 m Pz = = 647.6 N/m
2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h= 6.588 m = 647.6 N/m
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation.
=35/2x(2.475+1.05+0.065)+0/2x(2.475+1.05+0.065) = 62.825 sqm
Page No. 17 of 91
Design of Abutment
Summary of wind Force on superstructure
Tranverse wind Force FT = 109.7 kN wind force acting at 376.705 m
Moment at piercap top level = 132.41 kN-m Moment at pier base level = 603.64 kN-m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 27.4 kN wind force acting at 375.960 m
Vertical wind Force FV = 212.5 kN
b) Wind load on Substructure

Total Hight of the Pier including Piercap = 5.497 m above GL
Drag coefficient for the Pier : for Circle with smooth finish. = 0.50
for rectangular section. = 1.50
Gust factor for the Pier : = 2.00
2
Pier cap aveage height = 5.05 m Pz = 647.6 N/m
2
Pier aveage height = 2.30 m Pz = 0.0 N/m
Tranverse wind Force for pier cap = 3.5 kN Moment at pierbase = 18 kN-m
Longitudinal wind Force for pier cap = 0.9 kN 4 kN-m
Tranverse wind Force for pier = 0.0 kN Moment at pierbase = 0 kN-m
Longitudinal wind Force for pier = 0.0 kN 0 kN-m
5.2 Wind load on loaded structure

Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33 m/s Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 36m/s
2
2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 30.33 551.84 19.42 226.71
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 31.85 609.92 21.38 274.31
20 30.3 550.6 21.0 265.3 20 33.05 655.26 22.91 315.73
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 34.25 702.39 24.87 371.54
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 36.11 784.50 27.16 440.81
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 36.65 804.85 27.93 467.58
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 37.09 825.44 28.58 491.27
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 37.53 846.39 29.35 515.66
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 38.07 867.57 30.00 540.54
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 38.51 888.99 30.76 566.00
Average Height of superstructure = 6.5875 m
2
2
2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =35/2x(2.475+0.065)+0/2x(0+0.065) = 44.450 sqm
Tranverse wind Force FT = = 66.1 kN acting at 377.230 m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = = 16.5 kN acting at 375.960 m
Vertical wind Force FV = = 181.1 kN
Page No. 18 of 91
Design of Abutment
b) Wind load on live load :
Wind load on the exposed frontal area of the Live load has been calculated as per Cl. No. 209.3.6
of IRC 6: 2017. As per clause 209.3.7 the bridges shall not be considered to be carrying any live load
when the wind speed at deck level exceeds 36m/s.
Average Height of superstructure
=378.5+0.065-371.2+3/2 8.865 m
2
Lower bound Height = 10 m Pz = 551.8 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 10 m Pz = 551.8 N/m
2
Design Wind Pressure for height = 8.87 m Pz = 551.8 N/m
Drag coefficient for the Superstructure, Cd : = 1.2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =35/2x3+0/2x3 = 52.500 sqm
Summary of wind Force for loaded structure
Tranverse wind Force FT = 69.5 kN acting at 380.065 m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 17.4 kN acting at 375.960 m
c) Wind load on Substructure
Drag coefficient for the Pier : for Circle with smooth finish. = 0.50
2
2
Longitudinal wind Force for pier cap = 0.7 kN 4 kN-m
5.4 Seismic Forces

 
 

Horizontal Seismic force, Fh = Ah x (Dead Load + Appropriate Live Load)  2  g 
A h =
Where, Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient  R 
 
 I 
z = zone factor = For Zone III = 0.16
R = Response Reduction factor = = 3
2
Young Modulus, E = Grade of concrete for pier = 40 Mpa = 33346 kN/m
Sa/g = Average Response Acceleration Coefficient
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
T = Fundamental Natural Time Period of Pier/Abutment D
T = 2.0
1000 F
Total Dead Load + SIDL =2x(4381.315+357.874) = 9478.38 kN
Live Load , assume = 380.73 kN
D = Appropriate Dead Load of Superstructure and Live Load in kN = 9859.11 kN
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection = 3EI/L3
Moment of inertia has been calculated based on base section of pier
L = Height of Pier
=375.4975-371.2 = 4.297 m
Size of pier along Tranverse direction i.e. width of pier = 0.750 m
Size of pier along Longitudinal direction i.e. depth of pier = 1.750 m
For Longitudinal Direction, I = 0.335 m4
For Transeverse Direction, I = 0.062 m4
F (For Londitudinal Direction) = 422.2 kN T= 0.212 Sec
F (For Transeverse Direction) = 77.55 kN T= 0.494 Sec
Page No. 19 of 91
Design of Abutment
So, Sa/g = = 2.500
Seismic coefficient
Vertical coefficient - longitudinal = 0.0533
Horizontal coefficient -Longitudinal 0.16/2x2.5/(3/1.2) = 0.080
Vertical coefficient - tranverse = 0.0533
Horizontal coefficient -Transverse = 0.080
5.5 Seismic - Longitudinal/Tranverse Direction

Vertical Horizontal Acting @ RL Pier Cap Tranverse
Seismic Seismic (m) Top Level moment over
Component
Force (KN) Force (m) Pier cap(kN-
(KN) m)
1. DL of Superstructure 233.67 350.51 375.960 375.048 319.84
2. SIDL 19.09 28.63 375.960 375.048 26.12
3. Wt. of Pier Cap+Pedstal 54.10 81.15 375.048 375.048 0.00
4. Pier 23.78 35.67 372.899 82 10375.91
5.70R Wheeled vehicle 11.22 16.83 379.700 375.048 78.29
TOTAL FORCE 330.63 495.95 4.653
Page No. 20 of 91
Design of Abutment
6.0 Detailed Design of Abutment & Foundation
Hydraulic Data for river Buri Rapti at bridge location:
1) Discharge = 11200.0 Cumec
2) Velocity = 3.000 m/sec
3) HFL = 372.475 m
4) Normal Scour Depth = 12.000 m
5) Scour Level near abutment with pitching at normal case = 365.200 m
6) Scour Level near abutment with pitching at seismic case = 358.759 m
O
7) Skew of river = 0
8) pile cap top level = 371.200 m
a) Normal Case with 0O to Normal

Maxm mean velocity = 3.00 m/s HFL
Maximum velocity = sqrt(2)V = 4.24 m/s 14.0 372.48
Constant "K" for circular pier = 1.50
Pressure (= 52KV2) = 1404.00 kg/sqm 1.28m
= 14.0 kN/sqm 7.275 Pilecap Top
Scour depth below HFL = 7.275 m 11.58 371.20
Submerged ht. of pier = 1.275 m 8.11
Pier Width at HFL : = 1.75 m 6.000 Scour Lvl
Pier Width at base : = 1.75 m 365.20
Force at HFL : = 24.57 kN/m
Force at pier base : = 20.26 kN/m
Force at pier base : = 28.58 kN
Moment at pier base : = 18.8 kN-m
100% Buoyancy = 66.94 kN
Constant "K" for pile cap = 1.500
Force at top of pile cap = 100.74 kN/m
Force at bottom of pile cap = 70.52 kN/m
Force at pile cap bottom : = 182.71 kN
b) Normal Case with 20 O to Normal HFL

i)Tranverse Force 12.40 372.48
Maximum Tranverse velocity = sqrt(2)V
= 3.99 m/s
2
Pressure (= 52KV ) = 1239.76 kg/sqm 1.28m
= 12.40 kN/sqm 7.275 Wellcap Top
Force at HFL : = 21.70 kN/m 10.22 371.20
Force at base : = 17.89 kN/m 7.16
Force at pier base : = 25.24 kN 6.000 Scour Lvl
Moment at pier base : = 16.60 kN-m 365.2

ii) Longitudinal Force 1.64 372.48
Maximum Tranverse velocity = 1.45 m/s
Constant "K" for pier = 1.50 1.28m
Pressure (= 52KV2) = 164.24 kg/sqm 7.275 Wellcap Top
= 1.64 kN/sqm 1.35 371.20
Width of pier along tranverse direction = 3.00 m/s 0.95
Force at HFL : = 4.93 kN/m 6.000 Scour Lvl
Page No. 21 of 91
Design of Abutment
c) Seismic Case with 0O to Normal

Constant "K" for pier = 1.5

d) Seismic Case with 20 O to Normal HFL

Maximum Tranverse velocity = sqrt(2)V
= 3.99 m/s
Force at HFL : = 21.70 kN/m 11.25 371.20


Pressure (= 52KV2) = 164.24 kg/sqm 13.716 Wellcap Top
= 1.64 kN/sqm 1.49 371.20
Force at HFL : = 4.93 kN/m 1.27
Force at base : = 4.47 kN/m 12.441 Scour Lvl
Force at pier base : = 5.99 kN 358.8

Page No. 22 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.0 Detailed Design of Pier Cap
3 3 3
Abutment cap 0.90

12.50
Abutment column
0.75
3 3 3 3.397
12.300 Pile Cap 1.80
1200 dia pile

Elevation of abutment, abutment cap along Transverse direction
2.000 0.900
0.830
3.397
1.75
0.295
Pile Cap
8.700 1.80
1200 dia pile

Load 1 : Bending Z
Idealisation of Portal
Page No. 23 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.1 Load calculation
Vertical HL or HZ HT or HX ML (kN- MT
SL. No. Loads eL (m) eT (m)
Load (kN) (kN) (kN) m) (kN-m)
1 Dead load
Bearing 1 1040.65 0 0 0.295 0 306.99 0
Bearing 2 1057.33 0 0 0.295 0 311.91 0
Bearing 3 1081.85 0 0 0.295 0 319.15 0
Bearing 4 1201.49 0 0 0.295 0 354.44 0
Wt of each Pedestal 11.25 0 0 0.295 0 3.32 0

Seismic arrestor 36.08 0 0 -0.2 0 -7.22 0
Wt of Abut cap Uniform Distributed Loading (UDL) (kN/m)
Abut cap 45.00 0 0 0.125 0 5.63 0
Dirt wall & Skin wall 29.66 0 0 -0.7 0 -20.76 0
cantilever return
wall (from staad) 79.00 0 0 0 0 0.00 0
2 SIDL (kN)
Bearing 1 120.89 0 0 0.295 0 35.66 0
Bearing 2 102.73 0 0 0.295 0 30.30 0
Bearing 3 101.10 0 0 0.295 0 29.82 0
Bearing 4 33.16 0 0 0.295 0 9.78 0
3 Earth Pressure UDL (kN/m)

Abut cap 47.38 0.82 39.06 0
Abutment column 44.86 0 0 0 0 0
to 75.61 0 0 0 0 0
4 Live load surcharge

Abut cap 26.91 0 1.16 0 31.29 0
5 Live Load Rivet theory is applied to calculate Live load reaction.

Nos. of Girder
a) 1L Class 70R (W)+50%
Class A
Impact = 5.711 % r2 = 45.0 m2 4.00
=
(V = 1052 kN HL = 368.1 kN ML = 421 kN-m MT = 3055 kN-m )
Bearing 1 600.93 92.03 0 0.295 0 282 0
Bearing 2 385.61 92.03 0 0.295 0 219 0
Bearing 3 170.29 92.03 0 0.295 0 155 0
Bearing 4 -45.03 92.03 0 0.295 0 92 0
b) 1L Class 70R (T)+1L Class-A
Bearing 1 454.52 81.28 0 0.295 0 215 0
Bearing 2 293.10 81.28 0 0.295 0 167 0
Bearing 3 131.68 81.28 0 0.295 0 120 0
Bearing 4 -29.74 81.28 0 0.295 0 72 0
c) 2L Class A
Bearing 1 512.15 80.08 0 0.295 0 249 0
Bearing 2 343.16 80.08 0 0.295 0 199 0
Bearing 3 174.16 80.08 0 0.295 0 149 0
Bearing 4 5.17 80.08 0 0.295 0 99 0
Page No. 24 of 91
Design of Abutment
d) 3L Class A
Bearing 1 331.09 84.21 0 0.295 0 196 0
Bearing 2 282.80 84.21 0 0.295 0 181 0
Bearing 3 234.52 84.21 0 0.295 0 167 0
Bearing 4 186.23 84.21 0 0.295 0 153 0
Vertical HL or HZ HT or HX ML (kN- MT
SL. No. Loads eL (m) eT (m)
Load (kN) (kN) (kN) m) (kN-m)
6 Wind load from Superstructure (UnLoaded Structure)
(V = 213 kN HL = 27.4 kN HT = 109.7 kN ML = 0 kN-m MT = 0 kN-m
Bearing 1 53.13 6.85 27.41 0.295 0 16 0
Bearing 2 53.13 6.85 27.41 0.295 0 16 0
Bearing 3 53.13 6.85 27.41 0.295 0 16 0
Bearing 4 53.13 6.85 27.41 0.295 0 16 0
7 Wind load from Superstructure (Loaded Structure)
(V = 181 kN HL = 33.9 kN HT = 135.6 kN ML = 0 kN-m MT = 0 kN-m
Bearing 1 45.27 8.48 33.91 0.295 0 13 0
Bearing 2 45.27 8.48 33.91 0.295 0 13 0
Bearing 3 45.27 8.48 33.91 0.295 0 13 0
Bearing 4 45.27 8.48 33.91 0.295 0 13 0
8 Longitudinal seismic
On pier cap 4.33 6.49
On pier 0.07 0.105
From super structure
Bearing 1 133.60 189.57 0 0.295 0 39 0
Bearing 2 133.60 189.57 0 0.295 0 39 0
Bearing 3 133.60 189.57 0 0.295 0 39 0
Bearing 4 133.60 189.57 0 0.295 0 39 0
9 Tranverse seismic
On pier cap 4.33 6.49
On pier 0.07 0.105
From super structure
(V = 268 kN HL = 0.0 kN HT = 401.5 kN MT = 450 kN-m )
Bearing 1 111.93 0.00 100.38 0.295 0 0 33
Bearing 2 81.92 0.00 100.38 0.295 0 0 24
Bearing 3 51.92 0.0 100.38 0.295 0 0 15
Bearing 4 21.91 0.00 100.38 0.295 0 0 6
10 Earth Pressure Seismic
UDL (kN/m)
Abut cap 12.29 1.16 14.29 0
to 19.62 0 0 0 0 0
Page No. 25 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.2 Load Combination
7.2.1 Ultimate limit State
1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge
2) Dead load +SIDL+Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pr.+Live load surcharge+wind load(loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pr.+Live load surcharge+long seismic+0.45xTranv seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pr.+Live load surcharge+0.45xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
Wind on
Earth Live load Wind on loaded Long. Tranv.
Load Case DL SIDL LL unloaded
Pressure surcharge structure Seismic Seismic
structure
Load No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Normal 1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.2 1.5
Case 1 (b) 1 1 1 1.2 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.5
Wind 2 (b) 1 1 1 1.5
Case 3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.2 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1 1.2 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1.5 0.45
Seismic 4 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45
case 5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 0.45 1.5
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5
7.2.2 Servicibility limit State

7.2.2.1 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1) (Service stage and water at low water level)
1) Dead load +SIDL+Earth pressure
2) Dead load +SIDL+ Earth pressure+ liveload surcharge + Live load
3) Dead load +SIDL+Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+ Earth pressure+ liveload surcharge +Live load(leading) + wind load (accomponying)
5) Dead load +SIDL+ Earth pressure+ liveload surcharge +Live load(accomponying) + wind load (leading)
7.2.2.2 Load Combination for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
6) Dead load +SIDL + Earth pressure
Earth Live load Wind on Wind on
Load Case DL SIDL LL(Max)
Pressure surcharge unloaded loaded
Load No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Rare Combination
1 1 1.2 1
2 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1
2 (b) 1 1 1 0.8 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 1
3 (b) 1 1 1 1
4 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.6
4 (b) 1 1 1 0.8 1 0.6
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 0.75 1.0
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.8 0.75 1.0
Quasi-permanent Combination
6 1 1.2 1
Page No. 26 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.3 Design of pile cap at ULS case
7.3.1 Staad output Combination 11 to 24
1 3 4 5 6 8
9 10 11 12
Load 1 : Bending Z
Moment diagram of abutment cap

Beam L/C Node Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm
1 1 +ve 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
- - 19 ULS9 - 19 ULS9 16 ULS6
-ve 0.00 -149.99 0.00 -9.72 0.00 0.00
- 11 ULS1 - 11 ULS1 18 ULS8 13 ULS3
1 2 +ve 0.00 0.00 186.92 100.71 163.56 428.43
- - 17 ULS7 11 ULS1 17 ULS7 17 ULS7
-ve 0.00 -339.65 0.00 -8.25 0.00 0.00
- 17 ULS7 - 20 ULS10 - -
3 2 +ve 6.07 325.12 0.00 37.96 143.14 475.18
22 ULS12 23 ULS13 - 20 ULS10 17 ULS7 23 ULS13
-ve -74.18 0.00 -158.26 -31.46 0.00 0.00
23 ULS13 - 17 ULS7 13 ULS3 - -
3 4 +ve 6.07 57.85 162.17 163.00 149.00 179.41
22 ULS12 24 ULS14 17 ULS7 11 ULS1 17 ULS7 21 ULS11
-ve -74.18 -180.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 -86.08
23 ULS13 21 ULS11 - - - 24 ULS14
5 5 +ve 51.13 79.62 7.35 70.89 26.80 0.00
24 ULS14 23 ULS13 12 ULS2 12 ULS2 13 ULS3 -
-ve -113.56 -81.08 -0.57 -3.31 -11.97 -55.18
21 ULS11 22 ULS12 13 ULS3 13 ULS3 20 ULS10 17 ULS7
5 6 +ve 51.13 0.00 164.86 165.50 148.25 186.72
24 ULS14 - 17 ULS7 11 ULS1 17 ULS7 21 ULS11
-ve -113.56 -240.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 -77.93
21 ULS11 21 ULS11 - - - 24 ULS14
Maximum moment at different location
Moment (kN-m) Torsion (kN-m) Shear (kN)
Face of pier 475.18 165.50 240.11
Mid span location 186.72 37.96 180.65
Page No. 27 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.3.2 Check for ultimate strength of Abutment cap :-

0.00350 17.87
3201 kN
111.99
= 900 NA NA
78.5
2000 0.0222 3201 kN
Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
Grade Concrete = M40 Grade of steel Fe 500

Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 33346 MPa Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Width of the section = 2000 mm Depth of the section = 900 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Main dia of bar used = 25 mm
Dia of shear reinf. = 16 mm Effective depth, d = 822 mm
R = Mu/bd2 = 0.35 MPa Design Moment = 475 kN-m
Mu,Lim/bd2 = 0.133xfck = 5.32 MPa Ast = 1343.5 mm2
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 2.12 MPa Where, pt = fck/(2*fy)*(1-sqrt(1-(4.598*R/fck))*100
Min. reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2135.9 mm2
Hence provide
Effective Strain at
Diameter CG Distance Stress at ULS
Layer Nos Area (mm2) Depth , d ULS
(mm) (mm) condition
(mm) condition
a1 25 15 7363.11 82.00 818.00 0.02207 434.78
a2 32 0 0.00 82.00 818.00 0.02207 434.78
Total Area= 7363.11 mm2 CG = 818 mm Force 3201 kN
At span
b1 25 15 7363.11 82.00 818.0 0.02207 434.78
b2 32 0 Force 3201 kN
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa Max strain in concrete = 0.0035

E of concrete = 33346 MPa Min strain in steel = 0.00418
Balanced neutral axis depth = 374.63 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 112.0 mm
Strain in steel = 0.0222 Stress in steel = 434.8 MPa
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok
Total ultimate compressive force = 3201 kN Total ultimate tensile force == 3201 kN
Compressive force CG 46.59 mm Moment of resistance = 2481 kNm
> 475 kNm Hence O.K.
Torsion Torsional shear stess τt.i = TED / 2Aktef.i

Where, TED = Torsion Ak = Area enclosed by centerline of reinf.
tef.i = Effective wall thickness i.e A/u A= Total area u = Outer perimeter
zi = Side length of wall uk = Perimeter enclosed by Ak
Sum of Asl = T ED * u k/ 2Akfyd Cotθ V Edi = τt,i*tef.i*zi
b = 2000 mm d = 900 mm
bi = 1843 mm di = 743 mm
Ak = 1369349 mm2 uk = 5172 mm
A = 1800000 mm2 u = 5800 mm
tef.i = 310 mm zi = 743 mm
TED = 165.50 kN-m Torsional shear stess 0.195 Mpa
VEdi = 44.9 kN Cotθ = 1
Reinf. shall be proportionately distributed. Asl = 719 mm2
Asl at side 206.5 mm2 Asl at top 512 mm2
TRd.max = 2 v acw fcd Ak tef.isin θ cos θ
Page No. 28 of 91
Design of Abutment
Description At face of pier At Mid span location
Moment 475.18 186.72
Torsion (kN-m) 165.50 37.96
Width 2000 2000
Overall depth, D 900 900
effective depth, d 822 822
di 743 743
R = Mu/bd2 0.35 0.14
pt 0.00082 0.00032
Ast required for bending 1343.5 524.6
Ast required for Torsion 512.3 117.5
Ast reqd. for shear from strut & tie model 761 509.7
Ast required 1855.9 642.2
Ast provided 7363.1 7363.1
Check O.K O.K
Actual NA 112 112
Strain in steel 0.0222 0.0222
Stress in steel 435 434.8
Total ultimate tensile force = 3201 3201
Total ultimate compressive force 3201 3201
Difference of force 0 0
Compressive force CG 46.6 46.6
Moment of resistance 2481 2481
Factor of Safety 5.2 13.3
7.3.3 Shear design
VRD= Design Shear Force of the concrete section = 240.1 kN
Vccd= Design component of Shear Force in the compression area due to inclined compression chord
Vtd= Design component of Shear Force in tensile reinforcement due to inclined tensile chord
VRd.s= Design value of Shear Force for yielding of vertical shear reinforcement
VRD= VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd Here, Vccd= Vtd = 0.0 kN
Hence, VRD= VRd.s
a) Design the section without shear reinforcement
VRD,C= Design Shear Resistance of the concrete section = [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33+0.15σCP]bwd
Grade Concrete = M40 Grade of steel = Fe 500
Width of beam = 2000 mm Effective depth, d = 822 mm
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.49 z = 775 mm
vmin = 0.031K^1.5xfck^0.5 = 0.36 MPa p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 = 0.0045
σCP = = 0.00 MPa VRD,C = 709.0 kN
Hence shear reinforcement required > 240.1 kN
b) Design the section with shear reinforcement
Max VEd = 0.5bwdvfcd v= 0.6*(1 - fck/310)
Max Ved = 7670.2 kN > 240.1 kN Hence O.K.
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd= 0.8fyk/γm) = 347.8 Mpa
VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot θ by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement
VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ) by Crushing of Compression strut
Concrete Strength (fcd) = 17.9 Mpa Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1 = 0.60
The maximum effective cross sectional shear reinforcement, Aswmax for Cotφ =1
VRD,S = VRd,max (Asw/s) z fywd Cotθ ≤ acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ)
For, Cotθ =1 (Asw/s) fywd ≤ 1/2 acw bw v1 fcd
acw = 1 Asw/s ≤ 1/2 acw bw v1 fcd/fywd ≤ 30.82 mm
Minimum Asw/s required (ASW/sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk) = 1.821 mm
Hence Provide 2 -L 16 dia Stirrups @ 125 c/c
4 -L 16 dia
Asv, provided = 1206.37 mm2 Asv/s, provided = 9.651 mm
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,S = (Asw/s) z fywd Cotθ
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ)
V RD,S = 6037.5 kN Assume, θ = 23.31 degree
V RD,max = 6037.5 kN V RD,S - V RD,max = 0.0 kN
Page No. 29 of 91
Design of Abutment
Description At face of pier At Girder location
Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 0.0 0.0
Design Shear Force of the concrete (kN) 240.1 180.7
Shear due to torsion 44.90 10.30
Shear demand of Beam (kN) 285.0 191.0
Width of beam, b (mm) 2000.0 2000.0
Effective depth, d 821.5 821.5
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 774.91 774.9
K= 1.49 1.49
vmin = 0.36 0.36
p1 = 0.0045 0.0045
VRD,C= 709.04 709.04
Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Not
Check Not required required
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm) 1.821 1.821
Area of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 1206.37 1206.37
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 125 125
2
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm /mm) 9.651 9.651
Angle of compression strut θ (degrees) 23.31 23.31
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s 6037 6037
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord αcw 1.000 1.000
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max 6037 6037
Difference in shear resistance (kN) 0.0 0.0
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 6037 6037
Factor of Safety associated with failure 21.18 31.62
Longitudinal tensile force ∆Ftd (kN) 331 222
Area of steel required for shear due stut & tie model
761 510
7.4 Servicebility limit State Method Combination 21 to 30
1 1 +ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - 27 SLS3 - 25 SLS1 30 SLS6
-ve 0 -111.1 0 -7.2 0 0
- 25 SLS1 - 25 SLS1 27 SLS3 25 SLS1
1 2 +ve 0 0 120.589 62.139 105.515 308.748
- - 26 SLS2 26 SLS2 26 SLS2 25 SLS1
-ve 0 -241.755 0 0 0 0
- 25 SLS1 - - - -
3 2 +ve 0 173.035 0 0 91.474 221.338
- 25 SLS1 - - 33 SLS9 25 SLS1
-ve -29.072 0 -102.674 -24.259 0 0
25 SLS1 - 26 SLS2 33 SLS9 - -
3 4 +ve 0 0 104.535 104.429 94.994 79.973
- - 33 SLS9 26 SLS2 33 SLS9 32 SLS8
-ve -29.072 -86.721 0 0 0 0
25 SLS1 32 SLS8 - - - -
5 5 +ve 0 0.393 4.773 46.72 18.169 0
- 25 SLS1 26 SLS2 26 SLS2 29 SLS5 -
-ve -26.669 -26.107 -0.459 -3.272 0 -38.668
27 SLS3 33 SLS9 29 SLS5 29 SLS5 - 25 SLS1
5 6 +ve 0 0 108.135 106.153 94.903 84.709
- - 26 SLS2 26 SLS2 33 SLS9 33 SLS9
-ve -26.669 -138.097 0 0 0 0
27 SLS3 33 SLS9 - - - -
Maximum moment Rare Combination Quasi-permanent Combination
Moment (kN-m) Moment (kN-m)
Face of pier 308.75 308.75
Mid span location 84.71 84.71
Page No. 30 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.4.1. Flexure member
Bending Compression of concrete = 14.40 Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete = 2.12 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete 33346 MPa
Creep Coefficient, φ = 1 Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) 16673 MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ec,eff= 12.00 Tensile stress of steel 240 Mpa
Width of Section = 2000 mm Depth of Section 900 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Effective depth, d 822 mm
Design Moment = 309 kN-m
0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd
Minimum reinforcement 2135.90 mm2
Hence provide
Effective Strain at
Diameter CG Distance Stress at SLS
Layer Nos Area (mm2) Depth , d SLS
(mm) (mm) condition
(mm) condition
a1 25 15 7363.108 82 818 0.00028 56.25
a2 32 0 0 82 818 0.00028 56.25
At span
b1 25 15 7363.11 82.00 818.00-0.00008 -15.35
b2 32 0 Force -113 kN
Balanced neutral axis depth = = 343.81 mm Actual neutral axis depth 228.23 mm
Strain in steel = 0.00028 Stress in steel 56.6 MPa
Comp. stress of concrete = 1.81 Mpa
Stress-strain diagram at Serviceability Limit State condition
0.00011 1.81
414.19
228.23
NA NA
414.19
0.00028
Total compressive force = 414.19 kN Total tensile force 414.19 kN
Compressive force CG = 76.08 mm Moment of resistance 308.75 kNm
Rare Combination Quasi-permanent Combination

Description Face of pier Girder location Face of pier Girder location
h or D 900 900 900 900
b 2000 2000 2000 2000
d 822 822 822 822
Moment 308.75 -84.71 84.71 308.75
Ast provided 7363.1 7363.1 7363.1 7363.1
Stress in concrete 1.81 -0.5 0.50 1.8
Actual NA 229 229 229 229
Stress in steel 56.3 -15.4 15.4 56.3
Total ultimate tensile force =414 -114 114 414
414
Total ultimate compressive force -114 114 414
Difference of force 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 76.3 76.3 76.3 76.3
Moment of resistance 309 -85 85 309
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Page No. 31 of 91
Design of Abutment
7.4.2. Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Crack width, Wk = Sr,max * (εsm-εcm)
Where,
εsm-εcm = (σsc-kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es >= 0.6σsc/Es
σsc = 15.44 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 5.998
kt = 0.5 hc,eff=min of [2.5(h-d),(h-x/3),h/2]=196.3 mm
Ac,eff =b*hc,eff ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff = 0.019
fct,eff = = 2.12 Mpa εsm-εcm = 4.631E-05
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 4.631E-05
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*φ/ρp,eff Where, c = 66 mm
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 25.0 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 451.0 mm Crack width, Wk = = 0.021 mm
< 0.3 mm OK
End Cross girder Inner Cross girder
Description At support Span At support Span
Stress in steel, σs 15.4 56.3
As 7363.1 7363.1
Actual NA 229 229
hc,eff 196.3 196.3
ρp,eff 0.019 0.019
εsm-εcm 0.00005 0.00017
φeq 25.0 25.0
Crack spacing Sr,max 451.0 451.0
Crack width, Wk 0.021 0.076
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
7.5. Side face reinforcement

Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2135.90 mm2
Side face reinf. 0.1% bd = 1643.00 mm2
Reinforcement required due to torsion at each side = 206.54 mm2
Hence provide 4 Nos. 16 dia on each span Ast = 1608.5 mm2
7.6 Details of Pedestal

Size of pedestal = 1000 mm x 1000 mm x 425 mm (min)
Minimum reinforcement for pedestal column as per cl.no. 16.2.2(1) of IRC:112-2011 = 0.15 %
Area of reinf reqd. = 1500 mm2
Hence provide Main reinforc 24 Nos. 12 T Ast, provided 2714 mm2
Links 6T @ 100 c/c Hence O.K.
Mesh reinf 8T @ 75 c/c
7.7 Details of Seismic Long Direction Restrainer

Stopper as designed as additional safety measure of superstructure.
Size of pedestal = 1850 mm x 650.00 mm x 1200 mm
Total longitudinal seismic force for one span(4381.315+357.874)*2*0.080
= = 758.27 kN
As additional safety measure R = 3
So, actual horizontal force 758.27*3/3 = 758.27 kN
Ultimate horizontal force 758.27*1.5 = 1137.41 kN
Minimum interface reinforcement for restrainer 0.15 %
Area of reinf reqd. = 1803.8 mm2
Hence provide main reinforcement 10 Nos. 25 T Ast, provided 8836 mm2
8 Nos. 25 T
Links 8L- 12 T @ 150 c/c As, stirrups = 6031.9 mm2/m
Hence O.K.
Page No. 32 of 91
Design of Abutment
CG of horizontal force, a = 1100.00 mm
Moment = 1251.15 kN-m
Shear = 1137.41 kN
b= 1850 mm D= 650 mm d= 583 mm
a/d = = 1.886792 > 1.0
Hence simply bending
Vu/bd = 1.055 N/mm2 < 4.67 N/mm2
Avf = Vu/(0.87xfsy) = 2614.72 mm2 < 6032 mm2
Af = M/(0.87xfsyx0.9d) = 5481.6 mm2 < 8836 mm2
(0.04xfc/fsy)xbxd/ = 3451.36 mm2 < Hence O.K.
The interface shear stress, Vedi <= the resisting capacity at the section, VRdi
Vedi = β Ved/zbi
Where, β = The ratio of longitudinal force in the new concrete and total longitudinal force
Ved = The tranverse shear force
z = Lever arm
bi = the width of interface
VRdi = µσn + ρfyd[µsinα+cosα] <=0.5vfcd fck = M40
µ= friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
σn = the minimum co existing normal stress < 0.6fcd = 0.00 Mpa
ρ= As/Aj where As is the area of reinforcement, Aj is the interface area
ν1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
α= the angle of the reinforcement to the interface = 90.00 degree
fcd = αcc*fck/γm where, αcc =0.67 and γm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa
Shear demand of Beam,VEd (kN) = 1137.41 kN

Ratio of Longitudinal forces (β) = 1.00
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) = 491 mm
Interface Width bi ( mm) = 1850 mm
Design value of Shear Stress vEdi ( MPa) = 1.25 Mpa
Roughness Co-efficient, µ = 0.70
Stress caused by minimum external normal force = 0.0 Mpa
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface = 1804 mm2
Area of Reinforcement at interface, As (mm2/m) = 8836 mm2
Area of the joint, Ai (mm2) = 1202500 mm3
ρ = As/Aj = 0.00735
Strength reduction factor (n) = 0.60
Design shear resistance at the Interface(vRdi) = 2.57
Status with respect to the Interface Shear = Ok
Flexure Design
Width of the section = 1850.0 mm Depth of the section = 650.00 mm
Dia of shear reinf. = 12 T mm Effective depth, d = 588 mm
Hence provide 18 Nos. 25 dia Ast = 8835.7 mm2
Section is under reinforced
Page No. 33 of 91
Design of Abutment
Total ultimate compressive force = 3842 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 3842 kN
> 1251 Hence O.K.
Shear Design
VRd.s = VED - Vccd - Vtd = 1137.4 kN
z= 528 mm Asv/s required VRD.S/(zxfywd) = 4.31 mm
(ASW/sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk)
Minimum Spacing required Asv/s (minimum ) = 1.685 mm
Asv, provided = 905 mm2 Asv/s provided = 6.032 mm
Hence O.K.
7.8 Details of Seismic Tran Direction Restrainer

Stopper as designed as additional safety measure of superstructure.
Total longitudinal seismic force for one span(4381.315+357.874)*2*0.080
= = 758.27 kN
As additional safety measure R = 3
So, actual horizontal force 758.27*/3 = 758.27 kN
Minimum interface reinforcement for restrainer 0.15 %
Hence provide main reinforcement 10 Nos. 25 T Ast, provided 8836 mm2
8 Nos. 25 T
Links 8L- 12 T @ 150 c/c As, stirrups = 6031.9 mm2/m
Hence O.K.

Shear = 1137.41 kN
b= 1350 mm D= 600 mm d= 533 mm
a/d = = 2.06379 > 1.0
Hence simply bending
Vu/bd = 1.581 N/mm2 < 4.67 N/mm2
Avf = Vu/(0.87xfsy) = 2614.72 mm2 < 6032 mm2
Af = M/(0.87xfsyx0.9d) = 5995.83 mm2 < 8836 mm2
Vedi = β Ved/zbi
z= Lever arm
fcd = αcc*fck/γm where, αcc =0.67 and γm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa
Page No. 34 of 91
Design of Abutment
2
Area of the joint, Ai (mm ) = 810000 mm3
ρ = As/Aj = 0.01091
Flexure Design
E of concrete = 33345.76 MPa Min strain in steel = 0.0042
Section is under reinforced
> 1251 Hence O.K.
Shear Design
Hence O.K.
7.6. Staad Analysis
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 26-oct-19
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 4.513 0; 2 1.75 4.513 0; 4 4.75 4.513 0; 5 6.25 4.513 0; 6 7.75 4.513 0;
7 10.75 4.513 0; 9 12.5 4.513 0; 10 1.75 0.1 0; 11 4.75 0.1 0; 12 7.75 0.1 0;
13 10.75 0.1 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 3 2 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 8 7 9; 9 2 10; 10 4 11; 11 6 12; 12 7 13;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.3346e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 1e-005
Page No. 35 of 91
Design of Abutment
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 3 TO 6 8 PRIS YD 0.9 ZD 2
9 TO 12 PRIS YD 1.75 ZD 0.75
CONSTANTS
BETA 90 MEMB 9 TO 12
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
10 TO 13 FIXED
***************************************
LOAD 1 DEAD LOAD
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
MEMBER LOAD
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GY -29.66
1 3 TO 6 8 UMOM GX -24.47
JOINT LOAD
2 FY -1040.65 MX 307
4 FY -1057.33 MX 312
6 FY -1081.85 MX 319
7 FY -1201.5 MX 354
2 4 6 7 FY -10.06 MX 3.32
1 9 FY -32.1 MX -7.2
1 9 FY -79
***************************************
LOAD 2 SIDL
JOINT LOAD
2 FY -120.9 MX 35.7
4 FY -102.73 MX 30.3
6 FY -101.1 MX 29.8
7 FY -33.16 MX 9.8
***************************************
LOAD 3 EARTH PRESSURE
MEMBER LOAD
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GZ 47.38
1 3 TO 6 8 UMOM GX 39.06
9 TO 12 TRAP GZ 44.86 86.2 0.95
**************************************
LOAD 4 LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE
MEMBER LOAD
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GZ 26.91
1 3 TO 6 8 UMOM GX 31.29
9 TO 12 TRAP GZ 12.74 12.74 0.95
**************************************
LOAD 5 LIVE LOAD
JOINT LOAD
2 FY -600.93 FZ 92 MX 282
4 FY -385.6 FZ 92.3 MX 219
6 FY -170.29 FZ 92.3 MX 155
7 FY 45 FZ 92 MX -92
**************************************
LOAD 6 WIND LOAD
JOINT LOAD
2 4 6 7 FX 27.4 FY -53 FZ 6.85 MX 16
**********************************************
LOAD 7 WIND LOAD
JOINT LOAD
2 4 6 7 FX 34.12 FY -45.91 FZ 8.53 MX 13
**********************************************
LOAD 8 LONG SEISMIC
JOINT LOAD
2 4 6 7 FY -133.6 FZ 189.6 MX 39
MEMBER LOAD
Page No. 36 of 91
Design of Abutment
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GY -4.3
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GZ 6.8
9 TO 12 UNI GY -0.05
9 TO 12 UNI GZ 0.08
*********************************************
LOAD 9 TRAN SEISMIC
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 100.4 FY -111.93 MZ 33
4 FX 10.4 FY -81.9 MZ 24
6 FX 100.3 FY -51.92 MZ 15
7 FX 111.93 FY -21.92 MZ 6
MEMBER LOAD
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GY -2.53
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GZ 3.8
9 TO 12 UNI GY -0.03
9 TO 12 UNI GZ 0.045
LOAD 10 EARTH PRESSURE SEISMIC
MEMBER LOAD
1 3 TO 6 8 UNI GZ 12.3
1 3 TO 6 8 UMOM GX 14.3
9 TO 12 TRAP GZ 11.64 22.37 0.95
********************************************
************Ultimate load case *************
********************************************
LOAD COMB 11 ULS1
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 1.2 5 1.5
LOAD COMB 12 ULS2
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 1.2 5 1.5
********************************************
LOAD COMB 13 ULS3
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 6 1.5
LOAD COMB 14 ULS4
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 6 1.5
********************************************
LOAD COMB 15 ULS5
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 1.2 5 1.5 7 0.9
LOAD COMB 16 ULS6
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 1.2 5 1.5 7 0.9
*********************************************
LOAD COMB 17 ULS7
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 1.5 9 0.45 10 1.5
LOAD COMB 18 ULS8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 1.5 9 0.45 10 1.5
LOAD COMB 19 ULS9
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 -1.5 9 -0.45 10 -1.5
LOAD COMB 20 ULS10
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 -1.5 9 -0.45 10 -1.5
*********************************************
LOAD COMB 21 ULS11
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 0.45 9 1.5 10 0.45
LOAD COMB 22 ULS12
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 0.45 9 1.5 10 0.45
LOAD COMB 23 ULS13
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 -0.45 9 -1.5 10 -0.45
LOAD COMB 24 ULS14
Page No. 37 of 91
Design of Abutment
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.2 5 1.0 8 -0.45 9 -1.5 10 -0.45
*************************************************
************Servicibility load case *************
*************************************************
LOAD COMB 25 SLS1
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.0
***************************
LOAD COMB 26 SLS2
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0
LOAD COMB 27 SLS3
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0
***************************
LOAD COMB 28 SLS4
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.0 6 1.0
LOAD COMB 29 SLS5
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 6 1.0
***************************
LOAD COMB 30 SLS6
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0 7 0.6
LOAD COMB 31 SLS7
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0 7 0.6
***************************
LOAD COMB 32 SLS8
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 0.75 7 1.0
LOAD COMB 33 SLS9
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 0.75 7 1.0
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH
Page No. 38 of 91
Design of Abutment
8.0 Detailed Design of Abutment column
Bearing Level = 375.960 m
Abutment Cap top Level = 375.498 m
Pile cap top level = 371.200 m
CG level of Wind on Live Load = 380.000 m
CG level of superstructure = 377.639 m
CG level of SIDL = 378.725 m
8.1 Summary of loads & moments

8.1.1 Ultimate Limit State
9 11 10 -3284.52 -866.136 39.056 25.453 50.115 3736.981
9 12 10 -2630.33 -676.459 28.946 23.111 36.05 3059.711
9 13 10 -2423.25 -579.432 77.336 6.226 146.89 2154.165
9 14 10 -1769.06 -389.755 67.226 3.885 132.825 1476.894
9 15 10 -3294.69 -873.813 67.534 25.453 118.697 3782.56
9 16 10 -2640.49 -684.136 57.424 23.111 104.632 3105.29
9 17 10 -3231.3 -1159.756 74.277 20.416 134.193 4800.896
9 18 10 -2577.11 -970.079 64.167 18.074 120.128 4123.626
9 19 10 -2738.36 -218.329 3.946 14.41 -30.64 907.844
9 20 10 -2084.16 -28.653 -6.164 12.069 -44.705 230.573
9 21 10 -3130.07 -847.237 154.639 18.81 324.137 3512.037
9 22 10 -2475.87 -657.56 144.529 16.469 310.072 2834.767
9 23 10 -2839.6 -530.849 -76.416 16.016 -220.583 2196.702
9 24 10 -2185.4 -341.172 -86.526 13.675 -234.648 1519.432
10 11 11 -2616.03 -835.761 -3.301 20.49 -9.303 3565.522
10 12 11 -2056.85 -650.339 -2.277 19.659 -7.748 2902.781
10 13 11 -2127.75 -566.662 40.619 1.644 95.407 2115.49
10 14 11 -1568.57 -381.239 41.642 0.813 96.962 1452.748
10 15 11 -2665.76 -843.438 29.638 20.49 65.556 3611.101
10 16 11 -2106.57 -658.016 30.662 19.659 67.112 2948.36
10 17 11 -2688.8 -1132.621 35.129 14.672 79.203 4665.097
10 18 11 -2129.61 -947.199 36.153 13.841 80.758 4002.355
10 19 11 -2157.25 -201.142 -41.841 12.616 -94.798 808.146
10 20 11 -1598.07 -15.72 -40.818 11.784 -93.243 145.405
10 21 11 -2645.21 -822.585 125.119 14.12 282.482 3385.715
10 22 11 -2086.03 -637.162 126.143 13.288 284.037 2722.973
10 23 11 -2200.84 -511.179 -131.832 13.169 -298.077 2087.528
10 24 11 -1641.66 -325.757 -130.808 12.337 -296.522 1424.787
11 11 12 -2320.14 -833.315 3.481 16.219 0.652 3451.86
11 12 12 -1755.95 -648.307 2.605 16.912 -0.571 2789.974
11 13 12 -2133.59 -565.855 47.401 -3.01 105.363 2118.769
11 14 12 -1569.39 -380.847 46.525 -2.316 104.14 1456.883
11 15 12 -2353.06 -840.992 36.42 16.219 75.512 3497.438
11 16 12 -1788.87 -655.984 35.544 16.912 74.289 2835.553
11 17 12 -2469.56 -1130.721 42.22 9.345 89.845 4590.415
11 18 12 -1905.36 -945.714 41.344 10.039 88.622 3928.529
11 19 12 -2000.85 -199.242 -35.368 11.401 -85.529 733.464
11 20 12 -1436.66 -14.234 -36.244 12.095 -86.752 71.578
11 21 12 -2352.66 -820.684 132.548 9.898 294.17 3311.032
11 22 12 -1788.47 -635.677 131.672 10.591 292.947 2649.147
11 23 12 -2117.75 -509.279 -125.696 10.848 -289.853 2012.846
11 24 12 -1553.56 -324.271 -126.572 11.542 -291.077 1350.96
12 11 13 -2384.25 -883.065 -39.237 10.35 -59.274 3425.95
12 12 13 -1738.72 -693.186 -29.275 12.54 -45.294 2749.738
12 13 13 -2570.62 -579.109 -0.956 -7.522 37.502 2165.98
12 14 13 -1925.1 -389.23 9.006 -5.331 51.482 1489.768
12 15 13 -2456.72 -890.742 -10.759 10.35 9.307 3471.528
12 16 13 -1811.19 -700.863 -0.797 12.54 23.288 2795.316
12 17 13 -2677.85 -1170.935 -6.262 3.021 21.96 4597.479
12 18 13 -2032.33 -981.056 3.7 5.211 35.94 3921.268
12 19 13 -2134.09 -229.508 -72.1 9.026 -137.184 704.428
12 20 13 -1488.57 -39.629 -62.138 11.216 -123.204 28.216
Page No. 39 of 91
Design of Abutment
12 21 13 -2635.9 -858.415 72.239 4.626 209.99 3308.621
12 22 13 -1990.38 -668.536 82.201 6.817 223.97 2632.409
12 23 13 -2176.05 -542.027 -150.601 7.42 -325.214 1993.286
12 24 13 -1530.52 -352.148 -140.639 9.611 -311.234 1317.075
Summary Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm

Minimum vertical load i) -1436.66 -14.2 -36.2 12.1 -86.8 71.6
Maximum vertical load ii) -3294.7 -873.8 67.5 25.5 118.7 3782.6
Maximum long moment iii) -3231.3 -1159.8 74.3 20.4 134.2 4800.9
Maximum tranv. moment iv) -3130.1 -847.2 154.6 18.8 324.1 3512.0
v) -2117.8 -509.3 -125.7 10.8 -289.9 2012.8
vi) -3130.1 -847.2 154.6 18.8 324.1 3512.0
vii) -2200.8 -511.2 -131.8 13.2 -325.2 2087.5
8.1.2 Servicibility Limit State Rare Combination

9 25 10 -1755.38 -379.502 29.072 4.022 40.886 1414.281
9 26 10 -2354.76 -577.489 28.962 16.84 37.563 2515.722
9 27 10 -2330.64 -577.466 29.001 16.703 37.712 2508.991
9 28 10 -1780.58 -386.352 54.482 4.022 102.08 1460.51
9 29 10 -1756.45 -386.33 54.522 3.885 102.228 1453.78
9 30 10 -2361.54 -582.607 47.947 16.84 83.284 2546.107
9 31 10 -2361.54 -582.607 47.947 16.84 83.284 2546.107
9 32 10 -2216.21 -562.555 60.631 14.179 114.596 2401.635
9 33 10 -2192.08 -562.533 60.671 14.042 114.744 2394.904
10 25 11 -1498.8 -370.915 -2.528 0.965 -3.443 1389.201
10 26 11 -1884.82 -557.165 -2.417 13.529 -6.455 2402.118
10 27 11 -1863.84 -557.214 -2.332 13.377 -6.242 2396.322
10 28 11 -1559.29 -377.765 26.863 0.965 63.352 1435.43
10 29 11 -1538.32 -377.814 26.947 0.813 63.564 1429.634
10 30 11 -1917.96 -562.283 19.542 13.529 43.452 2432.504
10 31 11 -1917.96 -562.283 19.542 13.529 43.452 2432.504
10 32 11 -1843.56 -544.384 34.154 10.576 77.476 2307.013
10 33 11 -1822.59 -544.433 34.238 10.424 77.688 2301.217
11 25 12 -1520.54 -370.384 2.45 -2.137 3.868 1392.184
11 26 12 -1690.41 -555.541 2.561 10.683 0.856 2327.141
11 27 12 -1671.01 -555.729 2.55 10.503 0.935 2322.496
11 28 12 -1566.04 -377.234 31.841 -2.137 70.663 1438.413
11 29 12 -1546.64 -377.422 31.83 -2.316 70.742 1433.769
11 30 12 -1712.35 -560.659 24.52 10.683 50.762 2357.526
11 31 12 -1712.35 -560.659 24.52 10.683 50.762 2357.526
11 32 12 -1684.52 -543.033 39.132 7.29 84.786 2251.525
11 33 12 -1665.12 -543.221 39.121 7.11 84.866 2246.881
12 25 13 -1810.98 -379.171 -28.995 -5.14 -40.244 1424.373
12 26 13 -1767.53 -588.658 -29.106 6.774 -43.568 2310.582
12 27 13 -1760.45 -588.442 -29.219 6.583 -43.632 2306.633
12 28 13 -1891.78 -386.021 -3.586 -5.14 20.949 1470.602
12 29 13 -1884.7 -385.805 -3.698 -5.331 20.885 1466.653
12 30 13 -1815.84 -593.776 -10.121 6.774 2.153 2340.968
12 31 13 -1815.84 -593.776 -10.121 6.774 2.153 2340.968
12 32 13 -1858.92 -570.849 2.563 3.252 33.464 2250.303
12 33 13 -1851.84 -570.634 2.45 3.061 33.401 2246.354
Summary Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm

Minimum vertical load i) -1498.8 -370.9 -2.5 1.0 -3.4 1389.2
Maximum vertical load ii) -2361.5 -582.6 47.9 16.8 83.3 2546.1
Maximum long moment iii) -2361.5 -582.6 47.9 16.8 83.3 2546.1
iv) -2216.2 -562.6 60.6 14.2 114.7 2401.6
v) -1858.9 -570.8 2.6 3.3 114.7 2250.3
Maximum tranv. moment vi) -2216.2 -562.6 60.6 14.2 114.7 2401.6
Page No. 40 of 91
Design of Abutment
8.1.3 Servicibility Limit State Quasi-permanent Combination
9 25 SLS10 10 -1736.2 -379.1 26.8 3.5 37.8 1259.8
10 26 SLS10 11 -1476.6 -371.1 -2.0 0.9 -2.7 1239.4
11 27 SLS10 12 -1498.3 -370.8 1.9 -1.7 3.1 1240.8
12 28 SLS10 13 -1791.8 -378.9 -26.7 -4.2 -37.149 1264.898
8.2 Design of Pier in Ultimate Limit State
1. Material data
[a] Concrete data (parabolic rectangular stress-strain relation)
Characteristic strength = 40.0 MPa E value of concrete = 33346 MPa
Peak strain at failure εcu2 = 0.0035 Strain at peak stress εc2 = 0.0020
Strength reduction α = 0.67 Partial factor of safety γc = 1.50
Design strength fcd = 17.84 MPa
[b] Reinforcement data (idealized elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain relation)
Grade of steel = 500.0 MPa E value of steel = 200000 MPa
Partial factor of safety γs = 1.15 Design strength of steel fsd = 434.78 MPa
Yield strain of steel = 0.0022 Failure strain of steel = 0.1600
2. Geometric details
[a] Dimension detail of column
Actual column length = 4.30 m Effective length multiplier = 2.30
Width of section = 750 mm
Depth of section = 1750 mm Radius of gyration, i = 505.2 mm
Effective length of col l e = 9.88 m Slenderness ratio λ = 19.57
other direction
Effective length multiplier = 1.00 Effective length of col l e = 4.30 m
Radius of gyration, i = 216.5 mm Slenderness ratio λ = 19.85
Reinforcement provided
Tension face 6 Nos. T 32 6 Nos. T 32 = 9651 mm2
Compression face 6 Nos. T 32 = 4825 mm2
Side side 8 Nos. T 20 = 2513 mm2
8 Nos. T 20 = 2513 mm2
Stiruups 6L- 10 T @ 150 c/c Total = 19503 mm2
6L- 16 T @ 100 c/c for top & bottom 1750 mm
Ductile detailing for Seismic case, (although, this is applicable for seismic zone III, IV, V)
For rectangular Column
As per Clause No. 17.2.1 of RC 112:2011,
Ash Area of tranverse Reinforcement = 201.1 mm2
b Larger Dimensionr of Column = 1750 mm
fck = M40
fy = M500
Ag Gross area of the Column cross section = 1312500 mm2
Ak Area of the Concrete core = 1072500 mm2
Confining reinforcement ratio ωwd = pwfyd/fcd Where, pw = Asp/(SL*b)

Asp = 201.1 mm2 b = = 750 mm
For ractangular, section wwd.c >= max(wwreq : 0.12)
Confining reinforcement ratio ωw.req = 0.37*Ac/Acc*nk + 0.13*fyd/fcd*(pL-0.01)
nk = NED/(Ac*fck) > 0.08 = 0.0628
pL As/(bxD) = 0.0149
ωwd = = 0.046
Spacing for 16 dia reinforcement Asw/(b*wwd)*fyd/fcd = 162.9 mm
Min hoop spacing S L<= 5 Times dia of long bar = 160 mm
1/5 th of the dia of confined core = 150 mm
So min spacing of cpiral = 150 mm
say 100 mm
Page No. 41 of 91
Design of Abutment
Transverse supplimentary cross ties Min ( 1/3 0f smallest dimension,200) 200.0 mm
Hence provide 9L- 16 T @ 100 c/c
d' = 76.000 mm Pt = 1.486 %

d'/D = 0.043 Pt/fck = 0.037
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed

[a] Parameters for limiting slenderness ratio
λlim value is given by as per Eq 11.1 of IRC 112-2011
λlim = 20 * A * B * C / SQRT (n) A = 1/( 1+0.2*φef)
As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed φo = φRH * β(fcm) *β (t0)Moed = BM in ULS
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 0 φo = φRH * β(fcm) *β (t0) β (∞,0) =1
φRH = 1+ (1-RH/100)/0.1*h0^1/3 RH = relative humidity = 70 %
h0 = 2*Ac/u 263 mm φRH = 1.47
β(fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm) 2.66 β (t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2) 0.488
to = age in days of loading = 28 days So, φ0 = 1.905
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.905
Moeqp = 1414.3 kNm Moed = 3737.0 kNm
So, φef = 0.72 So , A = 0.874
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.31 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.362 C= 0.7
n= Ned/Ac*fcd 0.112 λlim = 20 * A * B * C / SQRT (n) 47.94
[b] Eccentricity due to slenderness

M2 = Ned * e2 Ned = Design Axial Force e2 = deflection = (1/r)*le^2/C
le = effective length = = 9.88 m C= 10
1/r = curvature = Kr* Kφ * 1/r0 kr= (nu-n)/(nu-nbal)<=1 ..Eq 11.9 of IRC 112-2011
nu = 1+w = = 1.362 n= NED/AcxfCD
nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 0.72
β= 0.35+fck/200- = 0.420 The coefficient Kφ = 1.30
1/r0 = fyd/(Es*0.45*d) = 0.0072 1/m
[c] Design bending moment

Load case N Ed (kN) M 0Ed (kNm) n = N ed / λ lim Kr e 2 (m) M Ed
1 1436.66 86.75 0.06 64.86 1.00 0.000 86.75
2 3294.69 118.70 0.14 42.83 1.00 0.000 118.70
3 3231.30 134.19 0.14 43.25 1.00 0.000 134.19
4 3130.07 324.14 0.13 43.94 1.00 0.000 324.14
5 2117.75 289.85 0.09 53.42 1.00 0.000 289.85
6 3130.07 324.14 0.13 43.94 1.00 0.000 324.14
7 2200.84 325.21 0.09 52.40 1.00 0.000 325.21
1 1436.66 71.58 0.06 64.86 1.00 0.000 71.58

2 3294.69 3782.56 0.14 42.83 1.00 0.000 3782.56
3 3231.30 4800.90 0.14 43.25 1.00 0.000 4800.90
4 3130.07 3512.04 0.13 43.94 1.00 0.000 3512.04
5 2117.75 2012.85 0.09 53.42 1.00 0.000 2012.85
6 3130.07 3512.04 0.13 43.94 1.00 0.000 3512.04
7 2200.84 2087.53 0.09 52.40 1.00 0.000 2087.53
8.2.2 Capacity of the section along Longitudinal Direction

[a] Cross section
Width of column = 750.0 mm Depth of column = 1750.0 mm
Clear cover = 50.0 mm Effective depth = 1674 mm
Effective cover d' = 76.0 mm
[a] Concrete property (parabolic rectangular stress-strain relation)
Page No. 42 of 91
Design of Abutment
Stress Stress
= 0.0020 = 0.0035 Strain Yeild strain = 0.00217 Strain

Stress - strain diagram for concrete Stress - strain diagram for steel
0.0035
Asc = = 4825 mm2
502.55 CG
Compression Zone
1750.0 NA
Ast = = 4825 mm2 Tension Zone

750.0 Strain Block for concrete & Steel
[b] Reinforcement property (idealized elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain relation)

Grade of steel fy = 500.0 MPa E value of steel = 200000 MPa
Partial factor of safety γs = 1.15 Yield strain of steel = fy/(1.15*Es) = 0.00217
Design strength of steel fsd = 434.78 MPa Max. strain of steel = fy/(1.15*Es)+0.002 = 0.00417
Tension face 6 Nos.
T 32 = 4825 mm2
6 Nos.
T 32 = 4825 mm2
Compression face 6 Nos.
T 32 = 4825 mm2
Side sides 8 Nos.
T 20 = 2513 mm3 at each side
Assume Neutral axis depth = 502.55 mm
The section is divided into 12 segments in depths i.e; depth of each segments = = 146 mm
Contribution from concrete:
Depth CG Stress Moment (KN-
Sl no Section Length (mm) Area (mm2) Strain Force (KN)
(mm) (mm) (MPa) m)
1 1 750 145.83 109375 72.9 0.0030 17.84 1950.9 1564.8
2 2 750 145.83 109375 218.8 0.0020 17.83 1950.7 1280.1
3 3 750 145.83 109375 364.6 0.0010 13.02 1424.3 727.0
4 4 750 145.83 109375 510.4 -0.0001 0.00 0.0 0.0
5 5 750 145.83 109375 656.3 -0.0011 0.00 0.0 0.0
6 6 750 145.83 109375 802.1 -0.0021 0.00 0.0 0.0
7 7 750 145.83 109375 947.9 -0.0031 0.00 0.0 0.0
8 8 750 145.83 109375 1093.8 -0.0041 0.00 0.0 0.0
9 9 750 145.83 109375 1239.6 -0.0051 0.00 0.0 0.0
10 10 750 145.83 109375 1385.4 -0.0061 0.00 0.0 0.0
11 11 750 145.83 109375 1531.3 -0.0072 0.00 0.0 0.0
12 12 750 145.83 109375 1677.1 -0.0082 0.00 0.0 0.0
5325.90 3571.93
Contribution from Steel:Spacing of side reinforcements = 145.3 mm
CG Force Moment (KN-
Sl no Section Area (mm2) Strain Stress (MPa)
(mm) (KN) m)
1 1 4825 76.0 0.0030 416.95 2012.0 1607.6
2 2 559 221.3 0.0020 374.12 209.0 136.6
3 3 559 366.5 0.0009 177.28 99.0 50.3
4 4 559 511.8 -0.0001 -12.91 -7.2 -2.6
5 5 559 657.1 -0.0011 -215.27 -120.2 -26.2
6 6 559 802.4 -0.0021 -417.62 -233.2 -16.9
7 7 559 947.6 -0.0031 -434.78 -242.8 17.6
8 8 559 1092.9 -0.0041 -434.78 -242.8 52.9
9 9 559 1238.2 -0.0051 -434.78 -242.8 88.2
10 10 559 1383.5 -0.0061 -434.78 -242.8 123.5
11 11 4825 1528.7 -0.0071 -434.78 -2098.0 1371.5
12 12 4825 1674.0 -0.0082 -434.78 -2098.0 1676.3
TOTAL 19503 -3208.1 5078.8
Page No. 43 of 91
Design of Abutment
TOTAL CAPACITY OF THE SECTION
FORCE= 2117.75 kN MOMENT= 8651 kNm
8.2.3 Capacity of the section along Tranverse Direction

[a] Cross section
0.0035
Asc = = 4926 mm2
207.27 CG
Compression Zone
750.0 NA


Compression face 8 Nos. T 20 3 Nos. T 32 = 4926 mm2
Side sides 8 Nos. T 32 = 9651 mm2
4 Nos. T 32
Assume Neutral axis depth = 207.27 mm at each side
Page No. 44 of 91
Design of Abutment
Depth CG Stress Moment (KN-
Sl no Section Length (mm) Area (mm2) Strain Force (KN)
(mm) (mm) (MPa) m)
1 1 1750 125.00 218750 62.5 0.0024 17.84 3901.9 1219.3
2 2 1750 125.00 218750 187.5 0.0003 5.46 1193.7 223.8
3 3 1750 125.00 218750 312.5 -0.0018 0.00 0.0 0.0
4 4 1750 125.00 218750 437.5 -0.0039 0.00 0.0 0.0
5 5 1750 125.00 218750 562.5 -0.0060 0.00 0.0 0.0
6 6 1750 125.00 218750 687.5 -0.0081 0.00 0.0 0.0
5095.56 1443.15
Contribution from Steel:Spacing of side reinforcements = 119.6 mm
CG Force Moment (KN-
Sl no Section Area (mm2) Strain Stress (MPa)
(mm) (KN) m)
1 1 4926 76.0 0.0022 416.95 2053.9 614.1
2 2 2413 195.6 0.0002 36.31 87.6 15.7
3 3 2413 315.2 -0.0018 -364.53 -879.5 -52.6
4 4 2413 434.8 -0.0038 -434.78 -1049.0 62.7
5 5 2413 554.4 -0.0059 -434.78 -1049.0 188.2
6 6 4926 674.0 -0.0079 -434.78 -2141.7 640.4
Total 19503 -2978 1469
FORCE= 2118 kN MOMENT= 2912 kNm
8.2.4 Biaxial Check

As per Eq 8.3 of IRC:112-2011 (Page-75)
(MEdx/MRdx)â+(MEdy/MRdy)â<= 1.0 NEd = Design axial force
MEdx = Design moment in longitudnal direction MEdy= Design moment in Transverse direction
MRdx = Resisting moment in longitudnal direction MRdy = Resisting moment in Transverse direction
NRd = Design axial resistance = Ac x fcd + As x fyd = 31543.1 kN
NEd/NRd 0.1 0.7 1
a 1 1.5 2
Vertical ML MT ML max MT max (MEdx/MRdx)

SL. No. NED/NRD α â+(MEdy/MR Check
Load (kN) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m) dy)â
i) 1437 72 87 8330 2798 0.05 1.0 0.04 <1 O.K.
ii) 3295 3783 119 9098 3103 0.10 1.0 0.45 <1 O.K.
iii) 3231 4801 134 9098 3103 0.10 1.0 0.57 <1 O.K.
iv) 3130 3512 324 9098 3103 0.10 1.0 0.49 <1 O.K.
v) 2118 2013 290 8651 2912 0.07 1.0 0.33 <1 O.K.
vi) 3130 3512 324 9098 3103 0.10 1.0 0.49 <1 O.K.
vii) 2201 2088 325 8651 2912 0.07 1.0 0.35 <1 O.K.
Hence Section of column is O.K. in ULS case for 1.486 % long reinforcement
8.3 Stress check for Servicibility Limit State Uniaxial check

8.3.1 Reinforcement
Hence provide main reinforcement = 12 Nos. 32 T at earth face
=6 Nos. 32 T at river side
= 16 Nos. 20 T
and Lateral ties 6L- 16 T @ 100 c/c
6L- 10 T @ 150 c/c
Asc provided = 19503 mm2
Percentage of steel = 1.49 %
Page No. 45 of 91
Design of Abutment
a Load Data
Axial Force (P) 1858.9 kN
Moment about major axis (M) 2250.3 kN-m
b Material Data
Grade of Concrete M40
Grade of Steel Fe500
Permissible axial compressive stress in concrete (σcc) 14.4 Mpa
Permissible bending tensile stress in concrete (σct) 1.414 Mpa
Permissible bending compressive stress in concrete (σcb) 19.20 Mpa
Permissible tensile stress in steel (σst) 400 Mpa
Modular Ratio 12.00
c Geometric data
Clear cover (d'') 50.00 mm
Effective cover (d'=d''+φ/2) (compression) 76.00 mm
Effective cover (d'=d''+φ/2) (tension) 108.00 mm
Width of column (B) 750.00 mm
Depth of column (D) 1750.00 mm
Bar Diameter (φ) 32.00 mm
Number of bars along width (compression) 6.00 Nos.
Reinforcement area (Ast) 4825.49 mm2
Number of bars along width (tensile) 12 Nos.
Reinforcement % 1.10 (Ok)
Min reinforcement % 0.800
d Properties of uncracked section
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 1.47E+06 mm2
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 4.37E+11 mm4
Calculated direct compressive stress (σco,cal) 1.26 Mpa
Calculated bending compressive stress (σcb,cal) 4.51 Mpa
Interaction formula :
σco,cal / σco + σcb,cal / σcb ≤ 1.0 0.32 (Ok)
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (σct,cal) -3.25 Mpa
Design the section as cracked section
e Properties of cracked section
Neutral axis depth (n) 859.57 mm
Effective area of cracked section 813507 mm2
Eccentricity of load from the centroid of the effective section 291.23 mm
Net eccentricity 919.32 mm
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 2.06E+11 mm4
Calculated distance of neutral axis below CGeff (ycal) 275.80 mm
Assumed distance of neutral axis below CGeff (yassumed) 275.80 mm
ycal-yassum 0.00
Stress at neutral axis 0.00
f Check for stress
Compressive stress in concrete (σcbc) 7.12 Mpa < 19.20 (Safe)
Tensile stress in steel (σsbt) -80.94 Mpa < 400.00 (Safe)
Page No. 46 of 91
Design of Abutment
8.3.1 Stress check for Servicibility Limit State
Vertical load Long moment (kN- Neutral axis Conc. Stress Tensile stress
(kN) m) (m) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Rare Combination
i) 1498.80 1389.2 1036 4.1 -30.2
ii) 2361.54 2546.1 943 7.6 -70.2
iii) 2361.54 2546.1 943 7.6 -70.2
iv) 2216.21 2401.6 943 7.6 -70.2
v) 1858.92 2250.3 890 6.6 -70.1
vi) 2216.21 2401.6 943 7.6 -70.2
i) 1736.19 1259.8 890 6.6 -70.1
ii) 1476.65 1239.4 1036 4.1 -30.2
iii) 1498.29 1240.8 1036 4.1 -30.2
8.3.2 Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Where, εsm-εcm = (σsc-kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es >= 0.6σsc/Es
σsc = -70.11 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 5.998
kt = 0.5 hc,eff=min of [2.5(h-d),(h-x/3),h/2]= 190.0 mm
Ac,eff = 142500 mm2 As/Ac,eff = 0.0677

fct,eff = = 0.00 Mpa εsm-εcm = -0.00021
>= 0.6σsc/Es= -0.00021
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*φ/ρp,eff Where, c = 76.00 mm
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 32.0 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 338.7 mm Crack width, Wk = = -0.071 mm
< 0.3 mm OK
Description i) ii) iii)
Stress in steel, σs -70.1 -30.2 -30.2
As 9651.0 9651.0 9651.0
Diameter 32.0 32.0 32.0
Actual NA 890 1036 1036
hc,eff 190.0 190.0 190.0
Ac,eff 142500.0 142500.0 142500.0
ρp,eff 0.068 0.068 0.068
εsm-εcm -0.00021 -0.00009 -0.00009
φeq 32.0 32.0 32.0
Crack spacing Sr,max 338.7 338.7 338.7
Crack width, Wk -0.071 -0.031 -0.031
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Page No. 47 of 91
Design of Abutment
9.0 Load Combination at bottom of Pile cap for determination of pile capacity
9.1 Water at HFL
Abut Cap top Level = 375.498 m
Pile cap bottom level = 369.400 m
CG level of Live Load = 379.700 m
Seismic data
Vertical coefficient for longitudinal seismic = 0.053
Horizontal coefficient -Longitudinal = 0.080
Vertical coefficient for tranverse seismic = 0.053
Multification Factor of Live load during seismic = 0.2
Multiplication factor of Seismic force transmitted by its substructure = 1.350
9.1.1Load and Moment calculation

SL. No. Description V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-
1 Dead load of Superstructure
4381.32 0.00 -760.55
Wt of Pedestal 45.00 0.00 0.00
Wt of Abut cap 969.36 -482.41 0.00
Wt of abutment column 445.86 -131.53 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 4815.45 0.00 0.00
Wt of earth over Pile cap5945.42 -7851.05 0.00
Total Dead load 16602.40 -8464.99 -760.55
2 SIDL 357.87 0.00 397.23
3 Earth pressure 1753.29 5799.96
4 Live load Surcharge 897.41 588.17 291.59
5 Water current force
0O to Normal 182.71 217.13
Normal Case
44O to Normal 31.22 161.34 38.38 191.73
0O to Normal 214.87 243.95
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 36.59 189.74 42.92 215.41
6 Buoyancy -1993.12
7 Wind load on unloaded structure 212.51 28.29 212.51 1.80 1.80 185.8 1003.8
8 181.07
Wind load on loaded structure 34.65 181.07 1.80 1.80 227.5 1356.0
9 Live load - Normal case
Max. Longitudinal moment1051.74 368.12 0.01 6.56 6.56 2835.58 3055.40
10 Live load - Seismic case
11 Seismic force -Longitudinal direction
Dead load 630.91 946.36 6.56 6208.15
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 51.53 77.30 6.56 507.09
Dynamic increment of Earth pr. 485.36 1754.71
Total Seismic 1134.29 2186.79 9727.37
Page No. 48 of 91
Design of Abutment
12 Seismic force - Tranverse direction
Dead load 315.45 473.18 8.24 3898.55
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 25.77 38.65 9.33 360.41
Max. Longitudinal moment 15.15 22.72 10.30 233.99
Total Seismic 808.21 485.36 1212.32 1754.71 5750.37
Seismic force of structure below ground level and scour level is not considered as per clause 219.6 of IRC:6-2017.
9.1.2Summary of Load and Moment

a) Service stage
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
1 Dead Load 16602.40 0.00 0.00 -8464.99 -760.55
2 SIDL 357.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 397.23
3 Earth pressure 0.00 1753.29 0.00 5799.96 0.00
4 Live load surcharge 897.41 588.17 0.00 291.59 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 182.71 0.00 217.13
Normal Case44O to Normal 0.00 -31.22 161.34 -38.38 191.73
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 214.87 0.00 243.95
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.00 -36.59 189.74 -42.92 215.41
6 Buoyancy -1993.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 Live load - Normal
Max. Tranverse moment 1051.74 368.12 0.01 2835.58 3055.40
8 Wind Load - unloaded structure
212.51 28.29 212.51 185.8 1003.8
9 Wind Load - loaded structure 181.07 34.65 181.07 227.5 1356.0
10 Live load - Seismic
11 Longitudinal seismic +ve1134.29
V 2186.79 0.00 9727.4 0.00
-ve V -1134.29 2186.79 0.00 9727.4 0.00
12 Tranverse seismic
Max. Tranverse moment +ve V 808.21 485.36 1212.32 1754.71 5750.4
Max. Tranverse moment -808.21
-ve V 485.36 1212.32 1754.71 5750.4
b) Construction stage
ML MT
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN)
(kN-m) (kN-m)
1 Self weight 12221.1 0.0 0.0 -8465.0 0.0
2 Earth pressure 0.0 1753.3 0.0 5800.0 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 182.7 0.0 217.1
Normal Case
44O to Normal 0.0 -31.2 161.3 -38.4 191.7
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 214.9 0.0 243.9
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.0 -36.6 189.7 -42.9 215.4
4 Buoyancy -1993.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 Longitudinal seismic +ve V451.8 1132.6 0.0 2850.8 0.0
-ve V -451.8 1132.6 0.0 2850.8 0.0
6 Tranverse seismic +ve V 451.8 454.8 677.8 1593.3 1257.4
-ve V -451.8 454.8 677.8 1593.3 1257.4
Page No. 49 of 91
Design of Abutment
9.1.3Load Combination As per Clause 706 of IRC:78-2014
1) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge
2) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy +Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+wind load(loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+long seismic+0.3xTranv seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+0.3xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
6) Construction stage - Self load +water current force + bouyancy+Earth pressure
8) Construction stage - Self load +water current force + bouyancy+Earth pressure+long seismic+0.3xTranv seismic
9) Construction stage - Self load +water current force + bouyancy+Earth pressure+0.3xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
Water Wind on Wind on
Load Earth Live load Long. Tranv.
DL SIDL current Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded
Case Pressure surcharge Seismic Seismic
force structure structure
Norm 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Wind 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
Case 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Seis
4 (a) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 1 0.3
mic
4 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 1 0.3
case
5 (a) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 0.3 1
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 0.3 1
Normal 6 1 1 1 1 1
mic 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.3
case 8 1 1 1 1 1 0.3 1
* live load factor for seismic case is 0.2 which is already multiplied in live load.
Summary of load & moments

ML (kN-
Load Case V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) MT (kN-m)
m)
1 16916.30 2709.58 182.72 462.15 2909.21
2 15179.67 1781.58 395.22 -2479.20 857.62
3 17097.38 2744.24 363.80 689.70 4265.2
4 (a) 16733.74 4466.52 578.57 9457.8 2216.82
4 (b) 13980.23 4429.94 553.43 9414.8 2188.29
5 (a) 16505.49 3275.52 1427.20 3876.9 6242.1
5 (b) 14208.48 3275.52 1427.20 3876.9 6242.1
6 10227.97 1722.07 161.34 -2703.4 191.73
7(a) 10815.37 3022.36 418.20 663.8 621.17
7(b) 9640.6 3022.36 418.20 663.8 621.17
8(a) 10815.4 2547.9 892.6 -216.4 1501.4
8(b) 9640.6 2547.9 892.6 -216.4 1501.4
9.2 Water at LWL

SL. No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-
4381.32 0.00 -760.55
Wt of Abut cap 969.36 -482.41 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 4815.45 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 20059.19 -8464.99 -760.55
2 SIDL 357.87 0.00 397.23
4 Live load surcharge 897.41 588.17 291.59
0O to Normal
Normal Case
44O to Normal
0O to Normal
Seismic Case
44O to Normal
Page No. 50 of 91
Design of Abutment
6 Buoyancy
7 212.51
Wind load on unloaded structure 28.29 212.51 1.80 1.80 185.8 1003.8
8 181.07
Max. Longitudinal moment 1051.74 368.12 0.01 6.56 6.56 2835.58 3055.40
Dead load 630.91 946.36 6.56 6208.15
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 51.53 77.30 6.10 471.34
Total Seismic 1134.29 2266.0 9805.74
Dead load 315.45 473.18 8.24 3898.55
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 25.77 38.65 9.33 360.41
Total Seismic 808.21 564.54 1212.32 1868.83 5750.37

a) Service stage
1 Dead Load 20059.2 0.00 0.00 -8464.99 -760.55
2 SIDL 357.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 397.23
3 Earth pressure 0.00 2058.5 0.00 6240.31 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Normal Case44O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 Buoyancy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
212.51 28.29 212.51 185.8 1003.8
9 Wind Load - loaded structure181.07 34.65 181.07 227.5 1356.0
V 2266.0 0.00 9805.7 0.00
-ve V -1134.29 2266.0 0.00 9805.7 0.00
-ve V 564.54 1212.32 1868.83 5750.4
Page No. 51 of 91
Design of Abutment
ML MT
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN)
(kN-m) (kN-m)
1 Self weight 15677.9 0.0 0.0 -8465.0 0.0
2 Earth pressure 0.0 2058.5 0.0 6240.3 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Normal Case
44O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 Buoyancy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-ve V -451.8 1132.6 0.0 2850.8 0.0
-ve V -451.8 454.8 677.8 1593.3 1257.4
9.2.3Load Combination As per Clause 706 of IRC:78-2014
2) Dead load +SIDL++Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL++Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+wind load(loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+long seismic+0.3xTranv seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+0.3xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
6) Construction stage - Self load + bouyancy+Earth pressure
8) Construction stage - Self load +Earth pressure+long seismic+0.3xTranv seismic
9) Construction stage - Self load +Earth pressure+0.3xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
Water Wind on Wind on
Load Earth Live load Long. Tranv.
DL SIDL current Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded
Case Pressure surcharge Seismic Seismic
force structure structure
Norm
al 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
Case
Wind 2 1 1 1 0 0 1
Case 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
4 (a) 1 1 1 0.2 0 0 1 1 0.3
Seis
4 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 0 0 1 1 0.3
mic
case 5 (a) 1 1 1 0.2 0 0 1 0.3 1
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 0 0 1 0.3 1
Normal 6 1 1 1 0 0
mic 7 1 1 1 0 0 1 0.3
case 8 1 1 1 0 0 0.3 1
Page No. 52 of 91
Design of Abutment
ML (kN-
m)
1 22366.21 3014.79 0.01 902.50 2692.08
2 20629.57 2086.79 212.51 -2038.86 640.49
3 22547.28 3049.45 181.08 1130.04 4048.07
4 (a) 22183.65 4874.66 363.70 10010.7 1972.88
4 (b) 19430.14 4874.66 363.70 10010.7 1972.88
5 (a) 21955.39 3683.66 1212.32 4454.9 5998.1
5 (b) 19658.39 3683.66 1212.32 4454.9 5998.1
6 15677.87 2058.50 0.00 -2224.67 0.00
7(a) 16265.27 3327.57 203.33 1104.10 377.23
7(b) 15090.47 3327.57 203.33 1104.10 377.23
8(a) 16265.27 2853.13 677.77 223.90 1257.42
8(b) 15090.47 2853.13 677.77 223.90 1257.42
9.3 Calculation of Pile Load by rivet theory Heq = sqrt(HL^2+HT^2)
Total No. of Pile = 12
Spacing in tran 10.80 Pile cap-tran 12.3 m Layout of Pile 12
3 6
Spacing in long 7.20 Pile cap-long 8.7 m 9
Pile No. Trans T Long L N sum(T^2) sum(L^2)
1 -5.40 -3.60 1 29.16 12.96 -5.40, 3.60 -1.80, 3.60 L 1.80, 3.60 5.40, 3.60
2 -5.40 0.00 1 29.16 0.00 T
3 -5.40 3.60 1 29.16 12.96
Transverse Spacing
4 -1.80 -3.60 1 3.24 12.96 2 5 8 11
5 -1.80 0.00 1 3.24 0.00
6 -1.80 3.60 1 3.24 12.96
-5.40, 0.00 -1.80, 0.00 1.80, 0.00 5.40, 0.00
7 1.80 -3.60 1 3.24 12.96
8 1.80 0.00 1 3.24 0.00
9 1.80 3.60 1 3.24 12.96 1 4 7
10 5.40 -3.60 1 29.16 12.96 10
11 5.40 0.00 1 29.16 0.00
12 5.40 3.60 1 29.16 12.96 -5.40, -3.60 -1.80, -3.60 1.80, -3.60 5.40, -3.60
Longitudinal Spacing
Total = 12 194.40 103.68
Sl. Loads & Moments Horz. Load Vertical Load on respective pile
No. V Heq ML MT on each pile 1 2 3 4 5 6
At HFL Case
i) Normal case
1 16916.3 2715.7 462.1 2909.2 226.3 1312.8 1328.9 1344.9 1366.7 1382.8 1398.8
6 10228.0 1729.6 -2703.4 191.7 144.1 940.9 847.0 753.1 944.4 850.6 756.7
ii) Wind
2 15179.7 1824.9 -2479.2 857.6 152.1 1327.2 1241.1 1155.1 1343.1 1257.0 1170.9
3 17097.4 2768.2 689.7 4265.2 230.7 1282.4 1306.3 1330.3 1361.3 1385.3 1409.2
iii) Seismic
4 (a) 16733.7 4503.8 9457.8 2216.8 375.3 1004.5 1332.9 1661.3 1045.6 1374.0 1702.3
4 (b) 13980.2 4464.4 9414.8 2188.3 372.0 777.3 1104.2 1431.1 817.9 1144.8 1471.7
5 (a) 16505.5 3572.9 3876.9 6242.1 297.7 1067.5 1202.1 1336.7 1183.0 1317.7 1452.3
5 (b) 14208.5 3572.9 3876.9 6242.1 297.7 876.0 1010.6 1145.3 991.6 1126.2 1260.9
7(a) 10815.4 3051.2 663.8 621.2 254.3 861.0 884.0 907.1 872.5 895.5 918.6
7(b) 9640.6 3051.2 663.8 621.2 254.3 763.1 786.1 809.2 774.6 797.6 820.7
8(a) 10815.4 2699.8 -216.4 1501.4 225.0 867.1 859.6 852.1 894.9 887.4 879.9
8(b) 9640.6 2699.8 -216.4 1501.4 225.0 769.2 761.7 754.2 797.0 789.5 782.0
Page No. 53 of 91
Design of Abutment
At LWL Case
i) Normal case
1 22366.2 3014.8 902.5 2692.1 251.2 1757.7 1789.1 1820.4 1807.6 1838.9 1870.3
6 15677.9 2058.5 -2224.7 0.0 171.5 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2
ii) Wind
2 20629.6 2097.6 -2038.9 640.5 174.8 1772.1 1701.3 1630.5 1784.0 1713.2 1642.4
3 22547.3 3054.8 1130.0 4048.1 254.6 1727.3 1766.5 1805.7 1802.2 1841.5 1880.7
iii) Seismic
4 (a) 22183.6 4888.2 10010.7 1972.9 407.4 1446.2 1793.8 2141.4 1482.8 1830.4 2178.0
4 (b) 19430.1 4888.2 10010.7 1972.9 407.4 1216.8 1564.4 1912.0 1253.3 1600.9 1948.5
5 (a) 21955.4 3878.0 4454.9 5998.1 323.2 1508.3 1663.0 1817.7 1619.4 1774.1 1928.8
5 (b) 19658.4 3878.0 4454.9 5998.1 323.2 1316.9 1471.6 1626.3 1428.0 1582.7 1737.3
7(a) 16265.3 3333.8 1104.1 377.2 277.8 1306.6 1345.0 1383.3 1313.6 1351.9 1390.3
7(b) 15090.5 3333.8 1104.1 377.2 277.8 1208.7 1247.1 1285.4 1215.7 1254.0 1292.4
8(a) 16265.3 2932.5 223.9 1257.4 244.4 1312.7 1320.5 1328.3 1336.0 1343.8 1351.6
8(b) 15090.5 2932.5 223.9 1257.4 244.4 1214.8 1222.6 1230.4 1238.1 1245.9 1253.7
At HFL Case
7 8 9 10 11 12
1420.6 1436.6 1452.7 1474.5 1490.5 1506.6
948.0 854.1 760.2 951.5 857.7 763.8
1359.0 1272.9 1186.8 1374.9 1288.8 1202.7

1440.3 1464.3 1488.2 1519.3 1543.3 1567.2
1086.6 1415.0 1743.4 1127.7 1456.1 1784.5

858.4 1185.3 1512.2 898.9 1225.8 1552.7
1298.6 1433.3 1567.9 1414.2 1548.8 1683.5
1107.2 1241.8 1376.5 1222.8 1357.4 1492.0
884.0 907.0 930.1 895.5 918.5 941.6
786.1 809.1 832.2 797.6 820.6 843.7
922.7 915.2 907.7 950.5 943.0 935.5
824.8 817.3 809.8 852.6 845.1 837.6
At LWL Case
1857.4 1888.8 1920.1 1907.3 1938.6 1970.0
1383.7 1306.5 1229.2 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2
1795.9 1725.1 1654.3 1807.7 1736.9 1666.1

1877.2 1916.4 1955.7 1952.1 1991.4 2030.6
1519.3 1866.9 2214.5 1555.8 1903.4 2251.0

1289.9 1637.4 1985.0 1326.4 1674.0 2021.6
1730.5 1885.2 2039.8 1841.5 1996.2 2150.9
1539.1 1693.7 1848.4 1650.1 1804.8 1959.5
1320.6 1358.9 1397.3 1327.6 1365.9 1404.3
1222.7 1261.0 1299.4 1229.7 1268.0 1306.4
1359.3 1367.1 1374.9 1382.6 1390.4 1398.1
1261.4 1269.2 1277.0 1284.7 1292.5 1300.2
Page No. 54 of 91
Design of Abutment
19.4 Maximum or Minimum loads on pile and comparison
At HFL case At LWL case
Max Load on Pile in Normal Case = 1506.6 kN 1870.3 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in Normal Case = 753.1 kN 760.2 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Normal Case = 226.3 kN 251.2 kN OK
Max Load on Pile in Wind load Case = 1567.2 kN 1880.7 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in Wind load Case = 1155.1 kN 1186.8 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in wind load Case = 230.7 kN 254.6 kN OK
Max Load on Pile in seismic Case = 1784.5 kN 2251.0 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in seismic Case = 754.2 kN 1208.7 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Seismic Case = 375.3 kN 407.4 kN
Vertical load carring Capacity of pile in Normal Case = = 3000.0 kN

Vertical load carring Capacity of pile in WL/SL Case = = 3750.0 kN
Uplift Capacity of pile = 1100.0 kN
Lateral load carring Capacity of pile in Normal Case = = 730.0 kN
Lateral load carring Capacity of pile in WL/SL Case = = 912.5 kN
Required Vertical capacity of Pile = 1870.3 kN Say, 2150 kN

Required lateral capacity capacity of Pile in Normal case = 251.2 kN Say, 300 kN
Required lateral capacity capacity of Pile in WL/SL Case = 325.9 kN Say, 360 kN
Page No. 55 of 91
Design of Abutment
10.0 Load Combination at bottom of Pile cap - Servicibility limit State & Ultimate limit State
10.1 Water at HFL
Abut Cap top Level = 375.498 m
CG level of Live Load = 379.700 m
Seismic data

SL. No. Description V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML(kN-m) MT (kN-
4381.32 0.00 -760.55
Wt of Abut cap 969.36 -482.41 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 4815.45 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 16602.40 -8464.99 -760.55
2 SIDL 357.87 0.00 397.23
3 1753.3 5799.96
4 Earth pressure 897.41 588.17 291.59
0O to Normal 182.71 217.13
Normal Case
44O to Normal 31.22 161.34 38.38 191.73
0O to Normal 214.87 243.95
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 36.59 189.74 42.92 215.41
6 Buoyancy -1993.12
8 181.07
1051.74 368.12
Max. Longitudinal moment 0.01 6.56 6.56 2835.58 3055.40
Dead load 630.91 946.36 6.56 6208.15
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 51.53 77.30 6.56 507.09
Total Seismic 1134.29 2186.8 9727.37
Page No. 56 of 91
Design of Abutment
Dead load 315.45 473.18 8.24 3898.55
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 25.77 38.65 9.33 360.41
Total Seismic 808.21 485.36 1212.32 1754.71 5750.37

a) Service stage
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m)MT (kN-m)
1 Dead Load 16602.4 0.0 0.0 -8465.0 -760.5
2 SIDL 357.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 397.2
3 Earth pressure 0.0 1753.3 0.0 5800.0 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 182.7 0.0 217.1
Normal Case
44O to Normal 0.0 -31.2 161.3 -38.4 191.7
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 214.9 0.0 243.9
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.0 -36.6 189.7 -42.9 215.4
6 Buoyancy -1993.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
212.5 28.3 212.5 185.8 1003.8
11 Longitudinal seismic +ve V 1134.3 2186.8 0.0 9727.4 0.0
-ve V -1134.3 2186.8 0.0 9727.4 0.0
-ve V 485.36 1212.32 1754.71 5750.4
1 Self weight 12221.1 0.0 0.0 -8465.0 0.0
2 Earth pressure 0.0 1753.3 0.0 5800.0 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 182.7 0.0 217.1
Normal Case
44O to Normal 0.0 -31.2 161.3 -38.4 191.7
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 214.9 0.0 243.9
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.0 -36.6 189.7 -42.9 215.4
4 Buoyancy -1993.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-ve V -451.8 1132.6 0.0 2850.8 0.0
-ve V -451.8 454.8 677.8 1593.3 1257.4
Page No. 57 of 91
Design of Abutment
10.1.3Load Combination for Ultimate limit state
1) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge
2) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy +Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+wind load(loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+long seismic+0.45xTranv seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+WCF + bouyancy+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+0.45xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
6) Construction stage - Self load +water current force + bouyancy+Earth pressure
8) Construction stage - Self load +water current force + bouyancy+Earth pressure+long seismic+0.225xTranv seismic
9) Construction stage - Self load +water current force + bouyancy+Earth pressure+0.225xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
Wind on Wind on
Load Earth Live load Water Long. Tranv.
DL SIDL Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded
Case Pressure surcharge current force Seismic Seismic
structure structure
Norm 1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.2 1 0.15 1.5
al 1 (b) 1 1 1 1.2 1 0.15 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1 0.15 1.5
Wind 2 (b) 1 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
Case 3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.2 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1 1.2 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1 1 1.5 0.45
4 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 1.5 0.45
4 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1 1 1.5 0.45
Seismi 4 (d) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 1.5 0.45
c case 5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1 1 0.45 1.5
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 0.45 1.5
5 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1 1 0.45 1.5
5 (d) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 0.45 1.5
Normal 6 1.35 1.75 1.5 1 0.15
7 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1 1 0.75 0.225
7 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 0.75 0.225
7 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1 1 0.75 0.225
Seismi 7 (d) 1 1 1 1 1 0.75 0.225
c case 8 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1 1 0.225 0.75
8 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 0.225 0.75
8 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1 1 0.225 0.75
8 (d) 1 1 1 1 1 0.225 0.75
Page No. 58 of 91
Design of Abutment

ML (kN-
m)
1 (a) 25395.1 3887.9 182.7 1875 4469
1 (b) 19315.8 3011.3 182.7 1938 4437
2 (a) 23059.3 2672.4 501.5 -2449 1391
2 (b) 16980.1 1795.7 501.5 -2386 1360
3 (a) 25558.0 3919.1 345.7 2080 5689
3 (b) 19478.8 3042.5 345.7 2143 5657
4 (a) 23501.4 6509.4 760.4 14522 3111
4 (b) 17422.1 5632.7 760.4 14585 3079
4 (c) 19371.1 6509.4 760.4 14522 3111
4 (d) 13291.9 5632.7 760.4 14585 3079
5 (a) 23159.0 4722.9 2033.4 6151 9149
5 (b) 17079.7 3846.2 2033.4 6213 9117
5 (c) 19713.5 4722.9 2033.4 6151 9149
5 (d) 13634.2 3846.2 2033.4 6213 9117
6 16199.5 2598.7 161.3 -2766 192
7 (a) 14945.9 3581.7 367.4 -231 527
7 (b) 10668.5 2705.1 367.4 -168 527
7 (c) 14064.8 3581.7 367.4 -231 527
7 (d) 9787.4 2705.1 367.4 -168 527
8 (a) 14945.9 3225.9 723.2 -891 1187
8 (b) 10668.5 2349.3 723.2 -829 1187
8 (c) 14064.8 3225.9 723.2 -891 1187
8 (d) 9787.4 2349.3 723.2 -829 1187
10.2 Water at LWL
SL. No. Description V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML(kN-m) MT (kN-
4381.32 0.00 -760.55
Wt of Abut cap 969.36 -482.41 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 4815.45 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 20059.19 -8464.99 -760.55
2 SIDL 357.87 0.00 397.23
4 Live load surcharge 897.41 588.17 291.59
0O to Normal
Normal Case
44O to Normal
0O to Normal
Seismic Case
44O to Normal
6 Buoyancy
7 212.51 28.29
Wind load on unloaded structure 212.51 1.80 1.80 185.8 1003.8
8 181.07 34.65
Wind load on loaded structure 181.07 1.80 1.80 227.5 1356.0
Dead load 630.91 946.36 6.56 6208.15
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 51.53 77.30 6.10 471.34
Total Seismic 1134.29 2266.0 9805.74
Page No. 59 of 91
Design of Abutment
Dead load 315.45 473.18 8.24 3898.55
Pedestal 3.24 4.86 6.10 29.63
Pier cap 69.79 104.69 5.65 591.24
Pier 32.10 48.15 3.50 168.49
Pile cap 346.71 520.07 0.90 468.06
SIDL 25.77 38.65 9.33 360.41
Total Seismic 808.21 564.54 1212.32 1868.83 5750.37
a) Service stage
1 Dead Load 20059.2 0.0 0.0 -8465.0 -760.5
2 SIDL 357.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 397.2
3 Earth pressure 0.0 2058.5 0.0 6240.3 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Normal Case
44O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 Buoyancy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
212.5 28.3 212.5 185.8 1003.8
9 Wind Load - loaded structure
181.1 34.7 181.1 227.5 1356.0
V 2266.0 0.0 9805.7 0.0
-ve V -1134.3 2266.0 0.0 9805.7 0.0
Max. Tranverse moment-808.2
-ve V 564.5 1212.3 1868.8 5750.4
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML MT
1 Self weight 15677.9 0.0 0.0 -8465.0 0.0
2 Earth pressure 0.0 2058.5 0.0 6240.3 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Normal Case
44O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic Case
44O to Normal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 Buoyancy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-ve V -451.8 1132.6 0.0 2850.8 0.0
-ve V -451.8 454.8 677.8 1593.3 1257.4
Page No. 60 of 91
Design of Abutment
10.2.3Load Combination for Ultimate limit state
2) Dead load +SIDL++Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL++Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+wind load(loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+long seismic+0.45xTranv seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+0.45xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
6) Construction stage - Self load + bouyancy+Earth pressure
8) Construction stage - Self load +Earth pressure+long seismic+0.225xTranv seismic
9) Construction stage - Self load +Earth pressure+0.225xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
Wind on Wind on
Load Earth Live load Water Long. Tranv.
DL SIDL Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded
Case Pressure surcharge current force Seismic Seismic
structure structure
Norm
al
1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.2 1.5
Case 1 (b) 1 1 1 1.2 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.5
Wind 2 (b) 1 1 1 1.5
Case 3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.2 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1 1.2 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1.5 0.45
4 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45
Seismi 4 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 1.5 0.45
c case 4 (d) 1 1 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 0.45 1.5
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5
5 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.2 1 0.45 1.5
5 (d) 1 1 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5
Normal 6 1.35 1.75 1.5
7 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.75 0.225
7 (b) 1 1 1 0.75 0.225
7 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.75 0.225
Seismi 7 (d) 1 1 1 0.75 0.225
c case 8 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.225 0.75
8 (b) 1 1 1 0.225 0.75
8 (c) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.225 0.75
8 (d) 1 1 1 0.225 0.75
Page No. 61 of 91
Design of Abutment

ML (kN-
m)
1 (a) 30361 4346 0 2536 4252
1 (b) 23072 3316 0 2379 4220
2 (a) 28025 3130 319 -1789 1174
2 (b) 20736 2101 319 -1946 1142
3 (a) 30524 4377 163 2741 5472
3 (b) 23235 3348 163 2583 5440
4 (a) 30161 7122 546 15351 2867
4 (b) 22872 6092 546 15194 2835
4 (c) 26031 7122 546 15351 2867
4 (d) 18742 6092 546 15194 2835
5 (a) 29819 5335 1818 7018 8905
5 (b) 22530 4306 1818 6860 8873
5 (c) 26373 5335 1818 7018 8905
5 (d) 19084 4306 1818 6860 8873
6 21165 3088 0 -2067 0
7 (a) 21606 4040 152 429 283
7 (b) 16118 3010 152 272 283
7 (c) 20725 4040 152 429 283
7 (d) 15237 3010 152 272 283
8 (a) 21606 3684 508 -231 943
8 (b) 16118 2654 508 -388 943
8 (c) 20725 3684 508 -231 943
8 (d) 15237 2654 508 -388 943
10.3 Calculation of Pile Load by rivet theory Heq = sqrt(HL^2+HT^2)
Spacing in tran 10.80 Pile cap-tran 12.3 m Layout of Pile
1 7 10
1 -5.40 -3.60 1 29.16 12.96
-5.40, 3.60 -1.80, 3.60 5.40, 3.60
2 -5.40 0.00 1 29.16 0.00 1.80, 3.60
3 -5.40 3.60 1 29.16 12.96 L
Transverse Spacing
4 -1.80 -3.60 1 3.24 12.96 2 5 8 11

5 -1.80 0.00 1 3.24 0.00 T
6 -1.80 3.60 1 3.24 12.96
7 1.80 -3.60 1 3.24 12.96 -5.40, 0.00 -1.80, 0.00 1.80, 0.00 5.40, 0.00
8 1.80 0.00 1 3.24 0.00
9 1.80 3.60 1 3.24 12.96 3 6 9 12
10 5.40 -3.60 1 29.16 12.96
11 5.40 0.00 1 29.16 0.00
12 5.40 3.60 1 29.16 12.96 -1.80, -3.60 1.80, -3.60 5.40, -3.60
-5.40, -3.60
Total = 12 194.40 103.68 Longitudinal Spacing
Sl. Load s & Moments Horz. Vertical Load on respective pile
No. V Heq M L M T Load on
1 2 3 4 5 6
each pile
At HFL Case
1 (a) 25395.1 3892.2 1875.5 4468.6 324.4 1927.0 1992.1 2057.2 2009.8 2074.9 2140.0
1 (b) 19315.8 3016.8 1938.3 4436.9 251.4 1419.1 1486.4 1553.7 1501.3 1568.6 1635.9
2 (a) 23059.3 2719.0 -2449.1 1391.3 226.6 1968.0 1883.0 1797.9 1993.8 1908.7 1823.7
2 (b) 16980.1 1864.4 -2386.3 1359.5 155.4 1460.1 1377.2 1294.4 1485.3 1402.4 1319.6
3 (a) 25558.0 3934.3 2080.3 5689.0 327.9 1899.6 1971.8 2044.0 2004.9 2077.2 2149.4
3 (b) 19478.8 3062.0 2143.0 5657.3 255.2 1391.7 1466.1 1540.5 1496.4 1570.8 1645.3
4 (a) 23501.4 6553.6 14521.9 3111.1 546.1 1367.8 1872.0 2376.3 1425.4 1929.6 2433.9
4 (b) 17422.1 5683.8 14584.7 3079.4 473.7 859.9 1366.3 1872.7 916.9 1423.3 1929.7
4 (c) 19371.1 6553.6 14521.9 3111.1 546.1 1023.6 1527.8 2032.1 1081.2 1585.5 2089.7
4 (d) 13291.9 5683.8 14584.7 3079.4 473.7 515.7 1022.1 1528.5 572.7 1079.1 1585.6
5 (a) 23159.0 5142.0 6150.6 9149.0 428.5 1462.2 1675.8 1889.3 1631.6 1845.2 2058.8
5 (b) 17079.7 4350.6 6213.4 9117.3 362.6 954.3 1170.1 1385.8 1123.2 1338.9 1554.6
5 (c) 19713.5 5142.0 6150.6 9149.0 428.5 1175.1 1388.7 1602.2 1344.5 1558.1 1771.6
Page No. 62 of 91
Design of Abutment
5 (d) 13634.2 4350.6 6213.4 9117.3 362.6 667.2 882.9 1098.7 836.0 1051.8 1267.5
6 16199.5 2603.7 -2766.2 191.7 217.0 1440.7 1344.6 1248.6 1444.2 1348.2 1252.1
7 (a) 14945.9 3600.5 -231.2 526.9 300.0 1238.9 1230.9 1222.8 1248.6 1240.6 1232.6
7 (b) 10668.5 2729.9 -168.4 526.9 227.5 880.3 874.4 868.6 890.0 884.2 878.3
7 (c) 14064.8 3600.5 -231.2 526.9 300.0 1165.5 1157.4 1149.4 1175.2 1167.2 1159.2
7 (d) 9787.4 2729.9 -168.4 526.9 227.5 806.8 801.0 795.1 816.6 810.7 804.9
8 (a) 14945.9 3306.0 -891.4 1187.0 275.5 1243.5 1212.5 1181.6 1265.5 1234.5 1203.6
8 (b) 10668.5 2458.1 -828.6 1187.0 204.8 884.8 856.1 827.3 906.8 878.1 849.3
8 (c) 14064.8 3306.0 -891.4 1187.0 275.5 1170.0 1139.1 1108.1 1192.0 1161.1 1130.1
8 (d) 9787.4 2458.1 -828.6 1187.0 204.8 811.4 782.6 753.9 833.4 804.6 775.9
At LWL Case
1 (a) 30360.7 4345.7 2536.0 4251.5 362.1 2323.9 2412.0 2500.0 2402.6 2490.7 2578.7
1 (b) 23071.6 3316.5 2378.6 4219.8 276.4 1722.8 1805.4 1888.0 1801.0 1883.6 1966.1
2 (a) 28024.9 3146.4 -1788.5 1174.1 262.2 2364.9 2302.8 2240.7 2386.6 2324.5 2262.4
2 (b) 20735.8 2125.0 -1945.9 1142.4 177.1 1763.8 1696.3 1628.7 1785.0 1717.4 1649.8
3 (a) 30523.6 4380.0 2740.8 5471.9 365.0 2296.5 2391.6 2486.8 2397.8 2493.0 2588.1
3 (b) 23234.5 3351.6 2583.4 5440.2 279.3 1695.4 1785.1 1874.8 1796.1 1885.8 1975.5
4 (a) 30161.1 7142.4 15351.3 2867.2 595.2 1900.8 2433.8 2966.8 1953.8 2486.9 3019.9
4 (b) 22872.0 6116.7 15193.9 2835.4 509.7 1299.7 1827.2 2354.8 1352.2 1879.7 2407.3
4 (c) 26030.9 7142.4 15351.3 2867.2 595.2 1556.6 2089.6 2622.6 1609.7 2142.7 2675.7
4 (d) 18741.8 6116.7 15193.9 2835.4 509.7 955.5 1483.1 2010.6 1008.0 1535.6 2063.1
5 (a) 29818.8 5636.5 7017.6 8905.1 469.7 1993.9 2237.5 2481.2 2158.8 2402.4 2646.1
5 (b) 22529.6 4674.1 6860.1 8873.3 389.5 1392.8 1631.0 1869.2 1557.1 1795.3 2033.5
5 (c) 26373.3 5636.5 7017.6 8905.1 469.7 1706.7 1950.4 2194.1 1871.7 2115.3 2359.0
5 (d) 19084.1 4674.1 6860.1 8873.3 389.5 1105.7 1343.9 1582.1 1270.0 1508.2 1746.4
6 21165.1 3087.8 -2067.3 0.0 257.3 1835.5 1763.8 1692.0 1835.5 1763.8 1692.0
7 (a) 21605.7 4042.4 429.3 282.9 336.9 1777.7 1792.6 1807.5 1782.9 1797.9 1812.8
7 (b) 16118.4 3014.2 271.9 282.9 251.2 1325.9 1335.3 1344.8 1331.1 1340.6 1350.0
7 (c) 20724.6 4042.4 429.3 282.9 336.9 1704.3 1719.2 1734.1 1709.5 1724.4 1739.3
7 (d) 15237.3 3014.2 271.9 282.9 251.2 1252.5 1261.9 1271.4 1257.7 1267.2 1276.6
8 (a) 21605.7 3718.6 -230.8 943.1 309.9 1782.3 1774.3 1766.3 1799.8 1791.7 1783.7
8 (b) 16118.4 2702.7 -388.2 943.1 225.2 1330.5 1317.0 1303.5 1348.0 1334.5 1321.0
8 (c) 20724.6 3718.6 -230.8 943.1 309.9 1708.9 1700.9 1692.8 1726.3 1718.3 1710.3
8 (d) 15237.3 2702.7 -388.2 943.1 225.2 1257.1 1243.6 1230.1 1274.5 1261.0 1247.6
At HFL Case
7 8 9 10 11 12
1 (a) 2092.5 2157.6 2222.8 2175.3 2240.4 2305.5
1 (b) 1583.4 1650.7 1718.0 1665.6 1732.9 1800.2
2 (a) 2019.5 1934.5 1849.5 2045.3 1960.3 1875.2
2 (b) 1510.5 1427.6 1344.7 1535.6 1452.8 1369.9
3 (a) 2110.3 2182.5 2254.7 2215.6 2287.9 2360.1
3 (b) 1601.2 1675.6 1750.0 1706.0 1780.4 1854.8
4 (a) 1483.0 1987.3 2491.5 1540.6 2044.9 2549.1
4 (b) 973.9 1480.4 1986.8 1031.0 1537.4 2043.8
4 (c) 1138.8 1643.1 2147.3 1196.4 1700.7 2204.9
4 (d) 629.8 1136.2 1642.6 686.8 1193.2 1699.6
5 (a) 1801.1 2014.6 2228.2 1970.5 2184.1 2397.6
5 (b) 1292.0 1507.7 1723.5 1460.8 1676.6 1892.3
5 (c) 1513.9 1727.5 1941.1 1683.4 1896.9 2110.5
5 (d) 1004.9 1220.6 1436.3 1173.7 1389.4 1605.2
6 1447.8 1351.7 1255.7 1451.3 1355.3 1259.2
Page No. 63 of 91
Design of Abutment
7 (a) 1258.4 1250.4 1242.3 1268.2 1260.1 1252.1

7 (b) 899.8 893.9 888.1 909.5 903.7 897.8
7 (c) 1185.0 1176.9 1168.9 1194.7 1186.7 1178.7
7 (d) 826.3 820.5 814.6 836.1 830.3 824.4
8 (a) 1287.4 1256.5 1225.5 1309.4 1278.5 1247.5
8 (b) 928.8 900.0 871.3 950.8 922.0 893.2
8 (c) 1214.0 1183.1 1152.1 1236.0 1205.0 1174.1
8 (d) 855.4 826.6 797.8 877.4 848.6 819.8
At LWL Case
1 (a) 2481.4 2569.4 2657.5 2560.1 2648.2 2736.2
1 (b) 1879.1 1961.7 2044.3 1957.3 2039.8 2122.4
2 (a) 2408.4 2346.3 2284.2 2430.1 2368.0 2305.9
2 (b) 1806.1 1738.6 1671.0 1827.3 1759.7 1692.2
3 (a) 2499.1 2594.3 2689.5 2600.5 2695.6 2790.8
3 (b) 1896.9 1986.6 2076.3 1997.6 2087.3 2177.0
4 (a) 2006.9 2540.0 3073.0 2060.0 2593.1 3126.1
4 (b) 1404.7 1932.3 2459.8 1457.2 1984.8 2512.3
4 (c) 1662.8 2195.8 2728.8 1715.9 2248.9 2781.9
4 (d) 1060.5 1588.1 2115.6 1113.0 1640.6 2168.1
5 (a) 2323.7 2567.4 2811.0 2488.6 2732.3 2975.9
5 (b) 1721.4 1959.6 2197.8 1885.8 2124.0 2362.2
5 (c) 2036.6 2280.2 2523.9 2201.5 2445.1 2688.8
5 (d) 1434.3 1672.5 1910.7 1598.6 1836.8 2075.0
6 1835.5 1763.8 1692.0 1835.5 1763.8 1692.0
7 (a) 1788.2 1803.1 1818.0 1793.4 1808.3 1823.2
7 (b) 1336.4 1345.8 1355.3 1341.6 1351.1 1360.5
7 (c) 1714.8 1729.7 1744.6 1720.0 1734.9 1749.8
7 (d) 1263.0 1272.4 1281.8 1268.2 1277.6 1287.1
8 (a) 1817.2 1809.2 1801.2 1834.7 1826.7 1818.7
8 (b) 1365.4 1351.9 1338.5 1382.9 1369.4 1355.9
8 (c) 1743.8 1735.8 1727.8 1761.3 1753.2 1745.2
8 (d) 1292.0 1278.5 1265.0 1309.5 1296.0 1282.5
Page No. 64 of 91
Design of Abutment
10.4 Calculation of Pile Load & moment
a) Induced Moment in pile
As per IS:2911(PartI/Sec2)
D= Dia of pile = 1.20 m L1= Free length of pile = 4.250 m
E= Modulus of Elasticity of=plie 32308250 kN/m2 I= π*D4/64 = 0.102 m4
φ= Angle of friction= 30.00 degree K1= Constant = 8000 kN/m2
T= (EI/K1)1/5 = 3.33
L1/T= = 1.28 Lf/T= (from fig.2 of Appendix =
B) 1.90
Depth of Fixity(Lf)= = 6.33 m
(L1+Lf)= = 10.58 m
Moment (MF) for fixed head piles, refer Appendix B of IS:2911
MF = Q*(L1+Lf)/2xm m = 0.85
2
Deflection of pile , Y =ax +bx+c Parabolic equation Pile top level
where x= length of pile from fixed position 4.25
where x= 0 c= 0 and dy/dx0 = b=0 Scor level
2
Deflection of pile , Y =ax where, x= 6.33 m = y 0.012 10.58
a= 0.0003 6.33
Deflection at pile tip = 0.033515 m for x = 10.582
34 mm
Vertical load (kN) Lateral
Moment
Sl. No. load
Max (kN-m)
(kN)
i) At HFL case
Max load 2456.2
2549.1 546.1
corres. Max
lateral force 2043.8 473.7 2130.2
Min load
corres. Max 1023.6 546.1 2456.2
lateral force515.7 473.7 2130.2
ii) At LWL case
Max load
3126.1 595.2 2676.8
corres. Max
lateral force 2512.3 509.7 2292.4
Min load
1556.6 595.2 2676.8
corres. Max
lateral force 955.5 509.7 2292.4

1. Material data
[a] Dimension detail of pile
Diameter of section = 1200 mm Radius of gyration, i = 300.0 mm
[b] Reinforcement detail at column base (at potential plastic hinge location)
Diameter of long bars (L1) = 25.00 mm Number of long bars = 14
Area of long bars = 13744 mm2 Reinforcement % = 1.22 %
Diameter of spiral/hoop = 16.0 mm Spacing spiral/hoop S L = 100.0 mm
Mechanical reinf ratio ω = 0.339 Normalized force ratio nu = 1.339
Cover to stirrups/ties = 75.0 mm Effective diameter of reinf. 993 mm
Page No. 65 of 91
Design of Abutment
3. Computation of Demand points incorporating second order effects
As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed Moeqp = BM in SLS Moed = BM in ULS
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) φo = φRH * β(fcm) *β (t0) β (∞,0) =1
h0 = 2*Ac/u 600 mm φRH = 1.36
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.854
So, φef = 2.02 So , A = 0.712
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.30 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.339 C= 0.7

nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 2.02
1/r0 = fyd/(Es*0.45*d) = 0.0053 1/m Med = max(MOEd,0.4*MOEd+M2)

Load M 0Ed n = N ed / M2 M Ed
N Ed (kN) λ lim Kr e 2 (m)
case (kNm) (A c f cd ) (kNm) (kNm)
1 2549.10 2456.15 0.14 33.98 1.00 0.094 238.68 2456.2
2 2043.79 2130.17 0.12 37.95 1.00 0.000 0.00 2130.2
3 1023.61 2456.15 0.06 53.62 1.00 0.000 0.00 2456.2
4 515.70 2130.17 0.03 75.55 1.00 0.000 0.00 2130.2
5 3126.10 2676.83 0.18 30.68 1.00 0.094 292.70 2676.8

6 2512.33 2292.40 0.14 34.23 1.00 0.094 235.23 2292.4
7 1556.56 2676.83 0.09 43.48 1.00 0.000 0.00 2676.8
8 955.49 2292.40 0.05 55.50 1.00 0.000 0.00 2292.4
d' = 103.500 mm d'/D = 0.086

Pt = 1.215 % Pt/fck = 0.035
[d] Capacity of bending moment
Load PU/ MU/ MU M Ed
N Ed (kN) Check
case fckD^2 fckD^3 (kNm) (kNm)
1 2549.10 0.051 0.058 3508.2 > 2456.15 O.K.
2 2043.79 0.041 0.058 3507.8 > 2130.17 O.K.
3 1023.61 0.020 0.050 3036.1 > 2456.15 O.K.
4 515.70 0.010 0.048 2905.4 > 2130.17 O.K.
5 3126.10 0.062 0.060 3628.8 > 2676.83 O.K.

6 2512.33 0.050 0.056 3386.9 > 2292.40 O.K.
7 1556.56 0.031 0.054 3265.9 > 2676.83 O.K.
8 955.49 0.019 0.049 2963.5 > 2292.40 O.K.
Hence Section of column is O.K. in ULS case1.22

for % long reinforcement
Page No. 66 of 91
Design of Abutment
10.6 Design of Pier in Servicibility Limit State
Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
Service stage stage
1) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy
2) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load
3) Dead load +SIDL +water current force + bouyancy+ wind load - unloaded structure
4) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load(leading) + wind load (accomponying)
5) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load(accomponying) + wind load (leading)
Construction stage
Load Combination for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
7) Dead load +SIDL +water current force + bouyancy- service stage
8) Dead load +SIDL +water current force + bouyancy- construction stage
Live load Water Wind on Wind on

Earth
Load Case DL SIDL surcharg current Bouyancy LL(Max) unloaded loaded
Pressure
e force structure structure
Rare Combination
1 1 1.2 1 1 0.15
2 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 1
2 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 1 0.15 1
3 (b) 1 1 1 1 0.15 1
4 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 1 0.6
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
6 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
7 (a) 1 1.2 1 0 0.15
7 (b) 1 1 1 0 0.15
8 (a) 1 1.2 1 0 0.15
8 (b) 1 1 1 0 0.15
Load
V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m)MT (kN-m)
Case
At HFL case
Rare Combination
1 16732.9 1753.3 182.7 -2665.0 -66.7
2 (a) 18502.5 2591.9 182.7 403.8 2988.7
2 (b) 18502.5 2591.9 182.7 403.8 2988.7
3 (a) 16945.4 1781.6 395.2 -2479.2 937.1
3 (b) 16873.8 1781.6 395.2 -2479.2 857.6
4 (a) 18611.2 2612.7 291.4 540.4 3802.3
4 (b) 18611.2 2612.7 291.4 540.4 3802.3
5 (a) 18420.7 2534.6 363.8 -77.5 3580.8
5 (b) 18420.7 2534.6 363.8 -77.5 3580.8
6 11922.1 1753.3 182.7 -2665.0 217.1
7 (a) 16732.9 1753.3 0.0 -2665.0 -283.9
7 (b) 16661.3 1753.3 0.0 -2665.0 -363.3
8 (a) 16732.9 1753.3 0.0 -2665.0 -283.9
8 (b) 16661.3 1753.3 0.0 -2665.0 -363.3
Page No. 67 of 91
Design of Abutment
At LWL case
Rare Combination
1 20488.6 2058.5 0.0 -2224.7 -283.9
2 (a) 22258.3 2897.2 0.0 844.2 2771.5
2 (b) 22258.3 2897.2 0.0 844.2 2771.5
3 (a) 20701.1 2086.8 212.5 -2038.9 719.9
3 (b) 20629.6 2086.8 212.5 -2038.9 640.5
4 (a) 22366.9 2918.0 108.7 980.7 3585.1
4 (b) 22366.9 2918.0 108.7 980.7 3585.1
5 (a) 22176.4 2839.8 181.1 362.8 3363.7
5 (b) 22176.4 2839.8 181.1 362.8 3363.7
6 15677.9 2058.5 0.0 -2224.7 0.0
7 (a) 20488.6 2058.5 0.0 -2224.7 -283.9
7 (b) 20417.1 2058.5 0.0 -2224.7 -363.3
8 (a) 20488.6 2058.5 0.0 -2224.7 -283.9
8 (b) 20417.1 2058.5 0.0 -2224.7 -363.3
10.7 Pile load by rivet theory

Sl. Horz.
Load on
No. Load s & Moments each pile Vertical Load on respective pile
V Heq ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6
At HFL Case
1 16732.9 1762.8 -2665.0 -66.7 146.9 1488.8 1396.3 1303.7 1487.6 1395.0 1302.5
2 (a) 18502.5 2598.4 403.8 2988.7 216.5 1444.8 1458.9 1472.9 1500.2 1514.2 1528.2
2 (b) 18502.5 2598.4 403.8 2988.7 216.5 1444.8 1458.9 1472.9 1500.2 1514.2 1528.2
3 (a) 16945.4 1824.9 -2479.2 937.1 152.1 1472.2 1386.1 1300.0 1489.5 1403.4 1317.4
3 (b) 16873.8 1824.9 -2479.2 857.6 152.1 1468.4 1382.3 1296.2 1484.3 1398.2 1312.1
4 (a) 18611.2 2628.9 540.4 3802.3 219.1 1426.6 1445.3 1464.1 1497.0 1515.7 1534.5
4 (b) 18611.2 2628.9 540.4 3802.3 219.1 1426.6 1445.3 1464.1 1497.0 1515.7 1534.5
5 (a) 18420.7 2560.5 -77.5 3580.8 213.4 1438.3 1435.6 1432.9 1504.6 1501.9 1499.2
5 (b) 18420.7 2560.5 -77.5 3580.8 213.4 1438.3 1435.6 1432.9 1504.6 1501.9 1499.2
6 11922.1 1762.8 -2665.0 217.1 146.9 1080.0 987.5 894.9 1084.0 991.5 899.0
7 (a) 16732.9 1753.3 -2665.0 -283.9 146.1 1494.8 1402.3 1309.8 1489.6 1397.0 1304.5
7 (b) 16661.3 1753.3 -2665.0 -363.3 146.1 1491.1 1398.5 1306.0 1484.3 1391.8 1299.3
8 (a) 16732.9 1753.3 -2665.0 -283.9 146.1 1494.8 1402.3 1309.8 1489.6 1397.0 1304.5
8 (b) 16661.3 1753.3 -2665.0 -363.3 146.1 1491.1 1398.5 1306.0 1484.3 1391.8 1299.3
At LWL case
1 20488.6 2058.5 -2224.7 -283.9 171.5 1792.5 1715.3 1638.0 1787.3 1710.0 1632.8
2 (a) 22258.3 2897.2 844.2 2771.5 241.4 1748.6 1777.9 1807.2 1799.9 1829.2 1858.5
2 (b) 22258.3 2897.2 844.2 2771.5 241.4 1748.6 1777.9 1807.2 1799.9 1829.2 1858.5
3 (a) 20701.1 2097.6 -2038.9 719.9 174.8 1775.9 1705.1 1634.3 1789.2 1718.4 1647.6
3 (b) 20629.6 2097.6 -2038.9 640.5 174.8 1772.1 1701.3 1630.5 1784.0 1713.2 1642.4
4 (a) 22366.9 2920.0 980.7 3585.1 243.3 1730.3 1764.3 1798.4 1796.7 1830.7 1864.8
4 (b) 22366.9 2920.0 980.7 3585.1 243.3 1730.3 1764.3 1798.4 1796.7 1830.7 1864.8
5 (a) 22176.4 2845.5 362.8 3363.7 237.1 1742.0 1754.6 1767.2 1804.3 1816.9 1829.5
5 (b) 22176.4 2845.5 362.8 3363.7 237.1 1742.0 1754.6 1767.2 1804.3 1816.9 1829.5
6 15677.9 2058.5 -2224.7 0.0 171.5 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2
7 (a) 20488.6 2058.5 -2224.7 -283.9 171.5 1792.5 1715.3 1638.0 1787.3 1710.0 1632.8
7 (b) 20417.1 2058.5 -2224.7 -363.3 171.5 1788.8 1711.5 1634.3 1782.0 1704.8 1627.5
8 (a) 20488.6 2058.5 -2224.7 -283.9 171.5 1792.5 1715.3 1638.0 1787.3 1710.0 1632.8
8 (b) 20417.1 2058.5 -2224.7 -363.3 171.5 1788.8 1711.5 1634.3 1782.0 1704.8 1627.5
Page No. 68 of 91
Design of Abutment
At HFL Case7 8 9 10 11 12
1 1486.3 1393.8 1301.3 1485.1 1392.6 1300.0
2 (a) 1555.5 1569.6 1583.6 1610.9 1624.9 1638.9
2 (b) 1555.5 1569.6 1583.6 1610.9 1624.9 1638.9
3 (a) 1506.9 1420.8 1334.7 1524.2 1438.1 1352.1
3 (b) 1500.2 1414.1 1328.0 1516.1 1430.0 1343.9
4 (a) 1567.4 1586.1 1604.9 1637.8 1656.6 1675.3
4 (b) 1567.4 1586.1 1604.9 1637.8 1656.6 1675.3
5 (a) 1570.9 1568.2 1565.5 1637.2 1634.5 1631.8
5 (b) 1570.9 1568.2 1565.5 1637.2 1634.5 1631.8
6 1088.1 995.5 903.0 1092.1 999.5 907.0
7 (a) 1484.3 1391.8 1299.2 1479.1 1386.5 1294.0
7 (b) 1477.6 1385.1 1292.5 1470.9 1378.4 1285.8
8 (a) 1484.3 1391.8 1299.2 1479.1 1386.5 1294.0
8 (b) 1477.6 1385.1 1292.5 1470.9 1378.4 1285.8
At LWL case
1 1782.0 1704.8 1627.5 1776.7 1699.5 1622.3
2 (a) 1851.2 1880.5 1909.8 1902.5 1931.8 1961.2
2 (b) 1851.2 1880.5 1909.8 1902.5 1931.8 1961.2
3 (a) 1802.6 1731.8 1661.0 1815.9 1745.1 1674.3
3 (b) 1795.9 1725.1 1654.3 1807.7 1736.9 1666.1
4 (a) 1863.1 1897.1 1931.2 1929.4 1963.5 1997.6
4 (b) 1863.1 1897.1 1931.2 1929.4 1963.5 1997.6
5 (a) 1866.6 1879.2 1891.8 1928.9 1941.5 1954.1
5 (b) 1866.6 1879.2 1891.8 1928.9 1941.5 1954.1
6 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2 1383.7 1306.5 1229.2
7 (a) 1782.0 1704.8 1627.5 1776.7 1699.5 1622.3
7 (b) 1775.3 1698.1 1620.8 1768.6 1691.3 1614.1
8 (a) 1782.0 1704.8 1627.5 1776.7 1699.5 1622.3
8 (b) 1775.3 1698.1 1620.8 1768.6 1691.3 1614.1
Rare Combination Quasi-permanent Combination
Vertical Vertical
Lateral Moment (kN- Lateral Moment
Sl. No. load (kN) Sl. No. load (kN)
load (kN) m) load (kN) (kN-m)
i)Max
At load
HFL case i)Max
At load
HFL case
corres. Max 1638.9 216.5 973.8 corres. Max 1494.8 146.1 657.1
lateral force 1675.3 lateral force 1285.8
Min load 219.1 985.3 146.1 657.1
corres. Max 1444.8 216.5 973.8
lateral force 1426.6 219.1 985.3
ii)Max
Atload
LWL case ii)Max
Atload
LWL case
corres. Max 1961.2 241.4 1085.8 corres. Max 1792.5 171.5 771.5
lateral force 1997.6 lateral force 1614.1
Min load 243.3 1094.3 171.5 771.5
corres. Max 1748.6 241.4 1085.8
lateral force 1730.3 243.3 1094.3
Page No. 69 of 91
Design of Abutment
Outer Diameter of Column = = 1200 mm
A, Area of pier = 1.131 m2
I, min = 0.102 m4
r, min = sqrt(I/A) = 0.300 m
Height of pier = 10.582 m
Effective length of pier 1L = 10.582 m
L/r = 35.27
Hence, this is short Column < 50 Hence O.K
Minimum percentage of longitudinal steel as per IRC 78:2000 = 0.3 %

Asc = 3392.92 mm2
Hence provide main reinforcement 14 Nos. 25 T
14 Nos. 25 T
and Lateral ties 16 T @ 100 c/c for bottom 3600 mm
8T @ 150 c/c due to ductile detailing
Percentage of steel= 1.22 % Hence O.K
For Circular Column
As per Clause No. 17.2.1.1 of IRC-112 -2011,
Axial Load NED 3126.1 kN
fcd = 15.61 MPa
Dsp Dia ofspiral Reinforcement = 1034.0 mm
Asp Area ofspiral Reinforcement = 201.1 mm2
D Diameter of Column = 1200 mm
Dk Diameter of Core measured to the outside of the spiral = 1050 mm
Clear cover = 75 mm
fck = M35
fy = Fe500
Ag Gross area of the Column cross section = 1E+06 mm2
Ak Area of the Concrete core =PI()/4*Dk^2 = 865901 mm2
nk=NED/Acfck = 0.0790
Dia of Long reinforcement = 25 mm
No of Long reinforcement = 28
Asc = 13744 mm2
ρL = 0.01215
Page No. 70 of 91
Design of Abutment
ω reqd 0.37*(Ac/Acc)*nk+0.13*fyd/fcd(ρ
ρL-0.01) = 0.03817
ω wd.c > max(1.4*ω
ωreqd,0.18) = 0.18
ρw ωwdfcd/fyd = 0.00646
SL = Specing of spiral or hoop 4Asp/Dsp*ρw = 120.37 mm
Min hoop spacing SL<= 5 Times dia of long bar = 125 mm
say 100 mm
upto 3600 mm
Hence provide 16 T @ 100 c/c for bottom 3600 mm
10.8 Flexure design of Pile in Servicibility Limit State

(b) Material Data
Grade of Steel M500
Permissible tensile stress in steel (σst) 400.00 Mpa
Es 200000 Mpa
=
Creep Coefficient, 1 E of concrete 32308 MPa
Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) 16154 MPa
Modular Ratio 12.38
(c) Geometric data
Clear cover (d'') = = 75.0 mm Effective cover (d'=d''+ = 103.5 mm
Diameter of column (d) = = 1200 mm
Bar Diameter (φ) 25 T mm Number of bars 14 Nos.
Bar Diameter (φ) 25 T mm Number of bars 14 Nos.
2
Reinforcement area (Ast 13744.47 mm Reinforcement % 1.215
Min reinforcement % 0.400 (Ok)
2
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 1287396 mm
4
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 1.4E+11 mm
Page No. 71 of 91
Design of Abutment
Stress check
Angle at Dist. bet.
Comp. Bending Neutral centre of the centre of
Load Meq circle (rad) cracked
V (kN) stress stress Check axis depth
Case (kN-m) (n) section to
(Mpa) (Mpa) centre of
circle (m)
Rare Combination
1 1638.92 973.81 5.44 -2.89 Uncracked section 551.1 2.98 281.28
Cross-
sectional M.I. of Eff.area of Eff. M.I. of
Net Calculate
Load area of cracked cracked Eccentric cracked Yassumed ycal-yassum
eccentricity d NA
Case cracked section section ity (mm)
(mm)
section
(mm)
(mm) (mm)
section (mm4) (mm2) (mm4)
(mm2)
Rare Combination
1 506842 1.07E+10 663264 214.95 379.23 4.18E+10 166.02 166.02 0
2 510063 1.09E+10 666485 214.14 373.97 4.18E+10 167.91 167.91 0
3 471113 8.93E+09 627535 223.55 450.45 4.09E+10 144.67 144.67 0
4 464936 8.63E+09 621358 224.96 465.70 4.08E+10 140.89 140.89 0
5 530021 1.2E+10 686444 209.01 344.63 4.25E+10 179.45 179.45 0
6 533693 1.23E+10 690115 208.05 339.79 4.26E+10 181.55 181.55 0
7 493570 1E+10 649992 218.22 402.74 4.14E+10 158.19 158.19 0
8 488297 9.77E+09 644719 219.50 412.97 4.13E+10 155.05 155.05 0
9 624230 1.84E+10 780652 182.62 256.96 4.65E+10 231.63 231.63 0
10 559372 1.38E+10 715794 201.15 309.88 4.35E+10 196.06 196.06 0
11 634370 1.92E+10 790792 179.59 250.80 4.7E+10 237.08 237.08 0
12 586575 1.56E+10 742997 193.56 284.41 4.46E+10 211.14 211.14 0
Page No. 72 of 91
Design of Abutment
Compressi
Stress at ve stress in Tensile
Load stress in
neutral axis concrete
Case (Mpa) steel (σsbt)
(σcbc)
Rare Combination
1 0.000 8.20 -100.50
2 0.000 8.29 -100.59
3 0.000 8.29 -113.37
4 0.000 8.41 -117.13
5 0.000 9.08 -103.70
6 0.000 9.14 -103.24 Maximum compressive stress = 9.27 Mpa
7 0.000 9.18 -117.17 < 16.80 Mpa
8 0.000 9.27 -120.21 Hence O.K.
9 0.000 5.37 -45.80
10 0.000 5.45 -56.90 Maximum tensile stress = -120.21 Mpa
11 0.000 6.29 -51.97 < 400.00 Mpa
12 0.000 6.35 -61.01 Hence O.K.
10.9 Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
σsc = 61.01 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
kt = 0.5 hc,eff=min of [2.5(h-d),(h-x/3),h/2]=

258.8 mm
Diameter = = 1200 mm Ac,eff = 179283 mm2
ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff = 0.0767
fct,eff = = 1.29 Mpa εsm-εcm = 0.0002
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.0002
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 0.0 mm k2 = 0.5
< 0.3 mmOK
Description 9 10 11 12
Stress in steel, σs 45.8 56.9 52.0 61.0
As 13744.5 13744.5 13744 13744.5
Diameter 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0
Actual NA 649 595 657 618
hc,eff 258.8 258.8 258.8 258.8
Ac,eff 179282.9 179282.9 179283 179282.9
ρp,eff 0.077 0.077 0.077 0.077
εsm-εcm 0.00017 0.00022 0.0002 0.00024
φeq 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Crack spacing Sr,max 309.4 309.4 309.4 309.4
Crack width, Wk 0.052 0.069 0.061 0.075
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.<0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Page No. 73 of 91
Design of Abutment
11.0 Design of Pile cap
The design of pile cap has been based on the bending theory.
Dia of the pile , D = 1.2 m No. of piles = 12
Size of Pile cap Width along T-T = 12.3 m
Width along L-L= 8.7 m
Depth of earth over pile cap = 1.45 m Thickness of pilecap = 1.80 m
Clear cover = 75 mm Dia. of tranverse reinf. = 25 mm & 20 mm
Eff. depth for A-A = 1.668 m Dia. of longitudinal reinf. = 32 mm
Eff. depth for B-B = 1.693 m Dia. of re-bar used at top = 20 mm
Dia. of shear reinf. = 16 mm
3 3
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m Unit weight of soil = 19 kN/m
A
0.75 5.40 5.40 0.75
Layout of Pile
10
0.75
7
4
4
1
L
B B 3.60
Transverse Direction
2 5 8 11 5
1.750
T
3.60
3 6 9 12
6 0.75
Longitudinal Direction
6.750 A
Bending moment and shear force due to self weight of pile & earth fill
Along A-A Projected length from face of column for BM = 2.775 m
Projected length from face of column for Shear = 1.107 m
Downward Bending moment at A-A (incl. 15% submergence) = 453.0 kN-m

Downward Shear force at A-A (incl. 15% submergence) = 549.1 kN-m
Along B-B Projected length from face of column for BM = 3.475 m
Downward Bending moment at B-B (incl. 15% submergence) = 3141.4 kN-m
Downward Shear force at B-B (incl. 15% submergence) = 1482.8 kN-m
Summary Along A-A Along B-B
Load Case Factor
BM (kN-m) Shear (kN) BM (kN-m) Shear (kN)
ULS case 1.35 611.5 741.3 4240.9 2001.7
SLS case 1.00 453.0 549.1 3141.4 1482.8
Along A-A lever arm of pile = 2.025 m
Along B-B lever arm of pile = 2.725 m
Page No. 74 of 91
Design of Abutment
11.1 Moment & shear force on pile cap
Effective load for A-A Effective load for B-B
Shear at
Moment at Moment Shear at
Moment Shear for dist D
Sl. No. A-A (kN- at B-B dist D
for pile pile at A-A Pile 3 Pile 6 Pile 9 Pile 12
m) (kN-m) at B-B (kN)
2,5,8,11 2,5,8,12 (kN)
i) Ultimate limit State

1 (a) 2123.1 2359.0 1511.6 1617.74 2057.2 2140.0 2222.8 2305.5 19536.1 6723.8
1 (b) 1638.9 1821.0 1027.4 1079.74 1553.7 1635.9 1718.0 1800.2 4450.7 4706.1
2 (a) 1875.6 2084.0 1264.1 1342.74 1797.9 1823.7 1849.5 1875.2 5628.0 5344.6
2 (b) 1391.4 1546.0 779.9 804.74 1294.4 1319.6 1344.7 1369.9 2882.1 3326.9
3 (a) 2169.0 2410.0 1557.5 1668.74 2044.0 2149.4 2254.7 2360.1 7186.2 6806.5
3 (b) 1684.8 1872.0 1073.3 1130.74 1540.5 1645.3 1750.0 1854.8 4440.3 4788.8
4 (a) 1953.9 2171.0 1342.4 1429.74 2376.3 2433.9 2491.5 2549.1 8866.7 7849.0
4 (b) 1469.7 1633.0 858.2 891.74 1872.7 1929.7 1986.8 2043.8 6120.8 5831.3
4 (c) 1640.7 1823.0 1029.2 1081.74 2032.1 2089.7 2147.3 2204.9 6990.9 6472.2
4 (d) 1156.5 1285.0 545.0 543.74 1528.5 1585.6 1642.6 1699.6 4245.0 4454.5
5 (a) 2097.9 2331.0 1486.4 1589.74 1889.3 2058.8 2228.2 2397.6 6517.7 6572.2
5 (b) 1613.7 1793.0 1002.2 1051.74 1385.8 1554.6 1723.5 1892.3 3771.8 4554.5
5 (c) 1836.9 2041.0 1225.4 1299.74 1602.2 1771.6 1941.1 2110.5 4952.8 5423.7
5 (d) 1352.7 1503.0 741.2 761.74 1098.7 1267.5 1436.3 1605.2 2206.9 3406.0
6 1326.6 1474.0 715.1 732.74 1248.6 1252.1 1255.7 1259.2 2573.6 3013.9
7 (a) 1239.3 1377.0 627.8 635.74 1222.8 1232.6 1242.3 1252.1 2450.1 2948.1
7 (b) 891.0 990.0 279.5 248.74 868.6 878.3 888.1 897.8 519.3 1531.0
7 (c) 1171.8 1302.0 560.3 560.74 1149.4 1159.2 1168.9 1178.7 2049.9 2654.4
7 (d) 823.5 915.0 212.0 173.74 795.1 804.9 814.6 824.4 119.2 1237.3
8 (a) 1258.2 1398.0 646.7 656.74 1181.6 1203.6 1225.5 1247.5 2258.5 2856.4
8 (b) 909.9 1011.0 298.4 269.74 827.3 849.3 871.3 893.2 327.8 1439.4
8 (c) 1190.7 1323.0 579.2 581.74 1108.1 1130.1 1152.1 1174.1 1858.4 2562.7
8 (d) 842.4 936.0 230.9 194.74 753.9 775.9 797.8 819.8 -72.4 1145.7
1 (a) 2592.0 2212.0 1980.5 1470.74 2500.0 2578.7 2657.5 2736.2 9598.7 8470.7
1 (b) 1990.8 2605.0 1379.3 1863.74 1888.0 1966.1 2044.3 2122.4 6261.7 6019.1
2 (a) 2344.5 1936.0 1733.0 1194.74 2240.7 2262.4 2284.2 2305.9 8030.1 7091.5
2 (b) 1742.4 2931.0 1130.9 2189.74 1628.7 1649.8 1671.0 1692.2 4693.1 4639.9
3 (a) 2637.9 2263.0 2026.4 1521.74 2486.8 2588.1 2689.5 2790.8 9588.3 8553.5
3 (b) 2036.7 2263.0 1425.2 1521.74 1874.8 1975.5 2076.3 2177.0 6251.3 6101.9
4 (a) 2552.4 2836.0 1940.9 2094.74 2966.8 3019.9 3073.0 3126.1 12072.9 10184.1
4 (b) 1950.3 2167.0 1338.8 1425.74 2354.8 2407.3 2459.8 2512.3 8735.9 7732.5
4 (c) 2240.1 2489.0 1628.6 1747.74 2622.6 2675.7 2728.8 2781.9 10197.1 8807.4
4 (d) 1638.0 1820.0 1026.5 1078.74 2010.6 2063.1 2115.6 2168.1 6860.0 6355.8
5 (a) 2696.4 2996.0 2084.9 2254.74 2481.2 2646.1 2811.0 2975.9 9731.0 8912.5
5 (b) 2095.2 2328.0 1483.7 1586.74 1869.2 2033.5 2197.8 2362.2 6393.9 6460.9
5 (c) 2435.4 2706.0 1823.9 1964.74 2194.1 2359.0 2523.9 2688.8 8166.2 7764.0
5 (d) 1834.2 2038.0 1222.7 1296.74 1582.1 1746.4 1910.7 2075.0 4829.1 5312.4
6 1796.4 1996.0 1184.9 1254.74 1692.0 1692.0 1692.0 1692.0 4980.4 4766.2
7 (a) 1838.7 2043.0 1227.2 1301.74 1807.5 1812.8 1818.0 1823.2 5624.4 5259.8
7 (b) 1372.5 1525.0 761.0 783.74 1344.8 1350.0 1355.3 1360.5 3102.4 3408.8
7 (c) 1771.2 1968.0 1159.7 1226.74 1734.1 1739.3 1744.6 1749.8 5224.2 4966.1
7 (d) 1305.0 1450.0 693.5 708.74 1271.4 1276.6 1281.8 1287.1 2702.3 3115.1
8 (a) 1857.6 2064.0 1246.1 1322.74 1766.3 1783.7 1801.2 1818.7 5432.8 5168.1
8 (b) 1391.4 1546.0 779.9 804.74 1303.5 1321.0 1338.5 1355.9 2910.9 3317.2
8 (c) 1790.1 1989.0 1178.6 1247.74 1692.8 1710.3 1727.8 1745.2 5032.6 4874.4
8 (d) 1323.9 1471.0 712.4 729.74 1230.1 1247.6 1265.0 1282.5 2510.7 3023.5
Page No. 75 of 91
Design of Abutment
ii) Servicibility limit State
1 1332.9 1481.0 721.4 931.92 1303.7 1302.5 1301.3 1300.0 9949.5 3205.8
2 (a) 1541.7 1713.0 930.2 1163.92 1472.9 1528.2 1583.6 1638.9 12718.4 4221.9
2 (b) 1541.7 1713.0 930.2 1163.92 1472.9 1528.2 1583.6 1638.9 12718.4 4221.9
3 (a) 1376.1 1529.0 764.6 979.92 1300.0 1317.4 1334.7 1352.1 10212.8 3302.4
3 (b) 1368.9 1521.0 757.4 971.92 1296.2 1312.1 1328.0 1343.9 10147.8 3278.5
4 (a) 1572.3 1747.0 960.8 1197.92 1464.1 1534.5 1604.9 1675.3 12868.8 4277.0
4 (b) 1572.3 1747.0 960.8 1197.92 1464.1 1534.5 1604.9 1675.3 12868.8 4277.0
5 (a) 1553.4 1726.0 941.9 1176.92 1432.9 1499.2 1565.5 1631.8 12461.9 4127.7
5 (b) 1553.4 1726.0 941.9 1176.92 1432.9 1499.2 1565.5 1631.8 12461.9 4127.7
6 979.2 1088.0 367.7 538.92 894.9 899.0 903.0 907.0 5579.7 1602.2
7 (a) 1325.7 1473.0 714.2 923.92 1309.8 1304.5 1299.2 1294.0 9949.5 3205.8
7 (b) 1318.5 1465.0 707.0 915.92 1306.0 1299.3 1292.5 1285.8 9884.5 3181.9
8 (a) 1325.7 1473.0 714.2 923.92 1309.8 1304.5 1299.2 1294.0 9949.5 3205.8
8 (b) 1318.5 1465.0 707.0 915.92 1306.0 1299.3 1292.5 1285.8 9884.5 3181.9
At LWL case
1 1684.8 1872.0 1073.3 1322.92 1638.0 1632.8 1627.5 1622.3 13527.6 4518.8
2 (a) 1893.6 2104.0 1282.1 1554.92 1807.2 1858.5 1909.8 1961.2 16296.5 5534.9
2 (b) 1893.6 2104.0 1282.1 1554.92 1807.2 1858.5 1909.8 1961.2 16296.5 5534.9
3 (a) 1728.0 1920.0 1116.5 1370.92 1634.3 1647.6 1661.0 1674.3 13791.0 4615.5
3 (b) 1720.8 1912.0 1109.3 1362.92 1630.5 1642.4 1654.3 1666.1 13726.0 4591.6
4 (a) 1924.2 2138.0 1312.7 1588.92 1798.4 1864.8 1931.2 1997.6 16446.9 5590.1
4 (b) 1924.2 2138.0 1312.7 1588.92 1798.4 1864.8 1931.2 1997.6 16446.9 5590.1
5 (a) 1905.3 2117.0 1293.8 1567.92 1767.2 1829.5 1891.8 1954.1 16040.0 5440.8
5 (b) 1905.3 2117.0 1293.8 1567.92 1767.2 1829.5 1891.8 1954.1 16040.0 5440.8
6 1331.1 1479.0 719.6 929.92 1229.2 1229.2 1229.2 1229.2 9157.8 2915.2
7 (a) 1676.7 1863.0 1065.2 1313.92 1638.0 1632.8 1627.5 1622.3 13527.6 4518.8
7 (b) 1684.8 1872.0 1073.3 1322.92 1634.3 1627.5 1620.8 1614.1 13462.6 4495.0
11.2 Check for ultimate strength of girder in Flexure :-

Consider rectangular beam for design
8700 0.00350 15.63
12084 kN
110.24
NA NA
1668
0.0495 12084 kN
Along section A-A
Min. reinforcement 0.26xf /f
ctm ykxb txd but not less than 0.0013b = 18865.1 mm2
Hence provide 25 dia @ 150 c/c Ast = 27793.3 mm2
0 dia Nos. 150 c/c > Hence O.K.
Balanced neutral axis depth = 760.7 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 110.24 mm 0.00
Page No. 76 of 91
Design of Abutment
i) Along section A-A
Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Moment 1980.5 1733.0 2026.4 1940.9 2084.9 1184.9 1227.2 1246.1
Width 8700 8700.00 8700.00 8700.00 8700.00 8700.00 8700.00 8700.00
Depth 1668 1668 1668 1668 1668 1668 1668 1668
R = Mu/bd2 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.05
pt 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
Ast required for bending
2737.0 2394.2 2800.7 2682.2 2881.7 1635.7 1694.2 1720.4
Ast required for shear 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Ast required 2737.0 2394.2 2800.7 2682.2 2881.7 1635.7 1694.2 1720.4
1st layers 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia
Reinf provided 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
2nd layers 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
Ast provided 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3
Actual NA 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110
Strain in steel 0.0495 0.0495 0.0495 0.0495 0.0495 0.0495 0.0495 0.0495
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total tension = 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084
Total compression 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084 12084
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 45.9 45.9 45.9 45.9 45.9 45.9 45.9 45.9
Moment of resistance19602 19602 19602 19602 19602 19602 19602 19602
Factor of Safety 9.9 11.3 9.7 10.1 9.4 16.5 16.0 15.7
Pt 0.00192
ii) Along section B-B Minimum steel = 27071 mm2
Moment 19536.1 8030.1 9588.3 12072.9 9731.0 4980.4 5624.4 5432.8
Width 12300 12300.00 12300.0 12300.0 12300.00 12300.0 12300.00 12300.0
Depth 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693
R = Mu/bd2 0.55 0.23 0.27 0.34 0.28 0.14 0.16 0.15
pt 0.0013 0.0005 0.0006 0.0008 0.0006 0.0003 0.0004 0.0004
Ast required for bending
27030.1 10987.3 13138.8 16583.0 13336.2 6794.8 7678.0 7415.2
Ast required for shear
43509.1 36424.9 43934.2 52309.7 45778.3 24481.1 27016.4 26545.5
Total Ast required 43509.1 36424.9 43934.2 52309.7 45778.3 24481.1 27016.4 26545.5
Ist layers 32 c/c 32 c/c 32 c/c 32 c/c 32 c/c 32 c/c 32 c/c 32 c/c
Reinf provided 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c
2nd layers 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia
125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c
Ast provided 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9
Actual NA 273 273 273 273 273 273 273 273
Strain in steel 0.0182 0.0182 0.0182 0.0182 0.0182 0.0182 0.0182 0.0182
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total tension = 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286
Total compression 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286 42286
Compressive force CG113.5 113.5 113.5 113.5 113.5 113.5 113.5 113.5
Moment of resistance66791 66791 66791 66791 66791 66791 66791 66791
Factor of Safety 3.4 8.3 7.0 5.5 6.9 13.4 11.9 12.3
Pt 0.00467
11.3 Shear design
Hence, VRD= VRd.s
Page No. 77 of 91
Design of Abutment
Grade Concrete M35 = Grade of steel = Fe 500
Width of beam 12300 mm
= Effective depth, d = 1693 mm
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.34 z = 1579 mm
σCP = = 0.00 MPa VRD,C = 7843.3 kN
Hence shearreinforcement Not required > 2254.7 kN
Hence Provide 18 - L 16 Stirrups @ 200 c/c
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,S = (Asw/s) z fywd Cotθ
i) Along section B-B
Prestress Force after all0.0
losses (kN)0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Design Shear Force of8470.7
the concrete
7091.5
(kN) 8553.5 10184.1 8912.5 4766.2 5259.8 5168.1
Shear demand of Beam 8470.7
(kN) 7091.5 8553.5 10184.1 8912.5 4766.2 5259.8 5168.1
Width of beam, b (mm) 12300 12300 12300 12300 12300 12300 12300 12300
Effective depth, d 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693
Lever arm taken from flexural
1579 analysis
1579 1579 1579 1579 1579 1579 1579
K= 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34
vmin = 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29
p1 = 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047
VRD,C= 7843.31 7843.31 7843.31 7843.31 7843.31 7843.31 7843.31 7843.31
Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf.
Check required Not required required required required Not required Not required Not required
Minimum area of Shear 10.479
reinf. reqd
10.479
A 10.479 10.479 10.479 10.479 10.479 10.479
Area of shear reinforcement
3619.11 provided
3619.11(mm)3619.11 3619.11 3619.11 3619.11 3619.11 3619.11
Spacing of stirrups provided
200.000 (mm) 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000
18.096
Area of shear reinf provided 18.096 18.096 18.096 18.096 18.096 18.096 18.096
Angle of compression12.62strut 12.62 12.62 12.62 12.62 12.62 12.62 12.62
Shear resistance provided
44403 by reinf44403 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403
Coeff accounting stress in comp 1.000
1.000 chord 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Shear capacity of compression
44403 strut 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403
Difference in shear resistance
0.0 (kN)0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shear capacity of the Section
44403 (kN)44403 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403 44403
Factor of Safety associated
5.24 with failure
6.26 5.19 4.36 4.98 9.32 8.44 8.59
18917
Longitudinal tensile force 15837 19102 22743 19904 10644 11746 11542
Area of steel required 43509
for shear due36425
stut & tie43934
model 52310 45778 24481 27016 26545
Page No. 78 of 91
Design of Abutment
11.4 Punching Shear Stress Check
VED.red = Net applied Shear force for concentric loading = VED - ∆VED
VED = The applied Shear Force
∆VED = The net Upward/downward force within the control perimeter considered
vED.red = Punching shear stress for concentric loading at control perimeter considered = VED.red /ud
Punching shear stress for ecentric loading at control perimeter considered = βVED.red /ud
Where, β = 1+k*MED*u/(VED.red*W) For internal circular column, β= 1+0.6*π(e/(D+4d)
u = The perimeter at control perimeter considered
D = The dimeter of Column
d = Effective depth of the section, for bothway reinforcement d = (dx+dy)/2
MED = Moment of the column
e = the ecentricity = MED / VED.red
VRD= Punching Shear Resistance at control perimeter at distance a from face of column
[0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33*2d/a Subject to minimum vmin*2d/a
Where, K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 vmin = 0.031K^1.5xfck^0.5
p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 fck = Grade of concrete M35
vRd.max = 1/2*v*fcd Where, v= 0.6*(1-fck/310) fcd = = 17.9 Mpa
11.4.1 The pier base - punching shear stress check
a) At the column perimeter vED < vRd.max
From ULS load combination of pier base
VED max = 3231 kN cores. MxD = 4801 kN-m MyD = 134 kN-m 0.75
VED = 3130 kN cores. MxD = 3512 kN-m MyD = 324 kN-m
d (avg)= 1681 mm ∆VED = 75 kN 1.750
VED.red1= 3306 kN ex = 1.45 m ex = 0.04 m
VED.red2= 3205 kN ex = 1.10 m ex = 0.10 m
ui = 5000 mm vRd.max = 4.755 Mpa
vED = β VED/uid β = 1+1.8sqrt(ey/bz)^2+(ez/by)^2)
β1 = 2.50 vED1 = 0.982 Mpa < 4.755 Mpa
β1 = 2.15 vED1 = 0.821 Mpa < 4.755 Mpa Hence o.k.
b) At distance d of column face a = 1681 mm

ui = 10279 mm area = 2219340 mm2 K = 1.34 p1 = 0.005
vRd = [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33*2d/a = 0.774 Mpa ∆VED = 127 kN
VED.red1= 3358 kN ex = 1.43 m ex = 0.04 m
VED.red2= 3257 kN ex = 1.08 m ex = 0.10 m
β1 = 1.50 vED1 = 0.292 Mpa < 0.774 Mpa
β1 = 1.38 vED1 = 0.261 Mpa < 0.774 Mpa Hence o.k.
11.4.2 Edge pile - punching shear stress check Diameter of pile = 1200 mm
a) At the pile perimeter From ULS load combination of pile
VED max = 3126 kN ∆VED = 22 kN d (avg)= 1681 mm
VED.red = 3104 kN MED = 2677 kN-m e = 0.86 m
u = 2142 mm vRd.max = 4.755 Mpa
vED1 = 2.030 Mpa < 4.755 Mpa Hence o.k.
b) At distance 1200mm from pile perimeter Eff. Diameter = 4081 mm

u1 = 4405 mm K = 1.34 p1 = 0.005
vRd = [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33*2d/a = 1.083 Mpa β= u1/u2= 0.921
Page No. 79 of 91
Design of Abutment
11.5. Servicebility limit State Method

11.5.1. Flexure member Along section B-B Design moment = 10212.8 kN-m
Bending Compression of concrete16.80 = Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete
= 1.29 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete = 32308 MPa
Creep Coefficient, = 1 E c, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) = 16154 MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ecm = 12.38 Tensile stress of steel = 400 Mpa
Width of Section = 12300 mm Depth of Section = 1800 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm Effective depth, d = 1693 mm
0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd
Minimum reinforcement = 27071.07 mm2
Balanced neutral axis depth == 579.18 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 486.11 mm
Strain in steel = 0.00034 MPa Stress in steel = 68.6 MPa
Strain in steel = 0.00018 MPa Comp. stress of concrete = 2.23 Mpa
0.00014 2.23
6670.86
486
NA NA
68.59
0.00034
Stress Diagram
Strain Diagram
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok =
Total compressive force
= 6670.9 kN Total tensile force = 6670.9 kN
Compressive force CG= 162.0 mm Moment of resistance = 10212.8 kNm
Page No. 80 of 91
Design of Abutment
Along Section A-A Along Section B-B
Description 4 (b) 5 (a) 5 (b) 6 7 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a) 5 (b) 6 7 (a)
h or D 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800
b 8700 8700 8700 8700 8700 12300 12300 12300 12300 12300
d 1668 1668 1668 1668 1668 1693 1693 1693 1693 1693
Moment 1073.26 1282.06 1312.66 719.56 1073.26 13527.6 16296.5 16446.9 16040.01 13527.62
Reinf provided 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c 100 c/c
0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c 125 c/c
Ast provided 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 27793.3 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9 97257.9
Stress in concrete 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.5 3.0 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.0
Actual NA 326 326 326 326 326 486 486 486 486 486
Stress in steel 24.8 29.6 30.3 16.6 24.8 90.9 109.4 110.5 107.7 90.9
688=
Total ultimate tensile force 822 842 461 688 8836 10645 10743 10477 8836
Total ultimate compressive688force 822 842 461 688 8836 10645 10743 10477 8836
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 162.0 162.0 162.0 162.0 162.0
Moment of resistance 1073 1282 1313 720 1073 13528 16297 16447 16040 13528
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
σsc = 90.85 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
267.5 mm
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.00027
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*φ/ρp,eff Where, c = 91 mm 123 mm
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 31.961 mm k2 = 0.5
< 0.3 mm OK
Description 7 (a) 7 (a)
As 27793.3 97257.9
Actual NA 326 486
hc,eff 330.0 267.5
ρp,eff 0.010 0.030
εsm-εcm 0.00007 0.00032
φeq 25.0 32
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Page No. 81 of 91
Design of Abutment
Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2168.4 mm2/m
As per clause 16.6.1.1 (3) of IRC-112:2011, minimum tranverse reinforcement is 20% of main reinforcement.
Minimum tranverse reinforcement Longitudinal direction = 1581.4 mm2/m
Tranverse direction = 638.9 mm2/m
As per clause 16.5.4 (4) of IRC-112:2011,the area of surface reinforcement is 0.01 Act ext.
Where Act ext is the area of cover = 750.0 mm2
Hence provide top reinforcement both direction 20 dia @ 125 c/c Ast = 5026.5 mm2/m
Side face reinf. 0.1% bd = 1668.0 mm2/m
Hence provide side face reinforcement 16 dia @ 175 c/c Ast = 1844.0 mm2
Reinforcement details
Bottom Tranverse direction 25 dia @ 150 c/c and 0 dia @ 150 c/c
Bottom Longitudinal direction 32 dia @ 100 c/c
Top Tranverse direction 20 dia @ 150 c/c
Top Longitudinal direction 20 dia @ 100 c/c
Side face reinforcement 16 dia @ 175 c/c
Stirrups along tranverse direction 18 L 16 dia @ 200 c/c
Page No. 82 of 91
Design of Abutment
13.0 Design of Dirt wall
12.500 0.3 0.35
0.35
0.25
3.0025 0.25
12.50
Elevation of Dirt wall Section of Dirt wall
13.1 Load Calculation

Dead load Weight (kN) Lever arm (m)
Dead load of slab = 164.06 -0.325 -53.32 kN-m
Dirt wall 13.14 x 25 = 328.40 0 0 kN-m
Bracket 1.41 x 25 = 35.2 -0.325 -11.43 kN-m
527.6 -64.746 kN-m
SIDL = 68.60 -0.325 -22.295 kN-m
Live load Span = 3.5 m

Total Load On Deck Load (kN) 50% Impact Total (kN) Reaction (kN) Horiz. Force(kN)
70R Tracked 241.25 0.125 271.40 135.70 48.25
Class-A 102.6 0.237 126.90 102.73 5.13
Total 398.30 238.43 53.38
70R tracked load +Class A Load = 238.43 kN

Horz. bracking force = 53.38 kN
Frictional coefficient = 0.5
Horozontal force =µxRd or Hs/2 whicherever is more = 116.33 kN
Moment due to horizontal force = 231.08 kN-m
Earth Pressure
Earth pressure at top = 0 kN/m2 Earth pressure at top = 15.94 kN/m2
LL surcharge = 6.370 kN/m2
Force due to earth pressure = 299.09 kN Moment due to earth pressure = 377.17 kN-m
Force due to LL surcharge = 239.07 kN Moment due to LL surcharge = 358.91 kN-m
Ultimate limit state

1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force
Earth
Load Case DL SIDL LL LL surcharge
pressure
Normal 1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.5 1.2
Case 1 (b) 1 1 1 1.5 1.2
Load
V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
Case
1 (a) 1189.98 910.02 0.00 1216.63 0.00
1 (b) 953.86 760.47 0.00 1067.43 0.00
Size of Pier Long = 0.350 m

Tranv = 12.500 m
I, min = 0.045 m4
r, min = sqrt(I/A) = 0.101 m
Only pier condition L 2.3L = 6.90575 m
L/r = 68.349
< 50 Hence not O.K
Page No. 83 of 92
Design of Abutment
Hence, this is short Column
Minimum percentage of longitudinal steel as per IRC 78:2000
= 0.3 %
Asc = 13125 mm2
Hence provide main reinforcement1 X 100 Nos. 12 T
1X 100 Nos. 16 T
10 T @ 200 c/c
Asc provided = 31415.93 mm2
Percentage of steel = 0.718 % Hence O.K
1. Material data
Width of wall = 12500 mm Thickness of wall = 350 mm
Radius of gyration, i = 101.0 mm
[b] Reinforcement detail at column base

As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
h0 = 2*Ac/u 340 mm φRH = 1.43
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.855
So, φef = 1.24 So , A = 0.802
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.16 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.175 C= 0.7
Page No. 84 of 92
Design of Abutment
nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 1.24
1/r0 = fyd/(Es*0.45*d) = 0.0199 1/m

Load M 0Ed n = N ed / M Ed
case (kNm) (A c f cd ) (kNm)
1 (a) 1189.98 1216.63 0.02 105.61 1.00 0.000 1216.63
1 (b) 953.86 1067.43 0.01 117.96 1.00 0.000 1067.43
d' = 58.000 d'/D = 0.166
Pt = 0.718 % Pt/fck = 0.018
N Ed (kN) Check
case fckbD fckbD^2 (kNm) (kNm)
1 1189.98 0.007 0.190 11638 > 1216.63 O.K.
2 953.86 0.005 0.190 11638 > 1067.43 O.K.
13.3 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)

1) Dead load +SIDL also for quasi-permanent combination
2) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
Earth
Load Case DL SIDL LL LL surcharge
pressure
Rare Combination
1 1.0 1.2
2 (a) 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8
2 (b) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8
Load
Case
1 609.94 0.00 0.00 -91.50 0.00
2 (a) 1338.71 606.68 0.00 803.87 0.00
2 (b) 1324.99 606.68 0.00 808.33 0.00
Load case 1
Load Data
Shear force 0.00 kN
Material Data
Load Case Normal
Permissible axial compressive stress in concrete (σcc) 10 Mpa
Es 200000 Mpa
Ecm 32308 Mpa
E ceff 16154 Mpa
Modular Ratio 12.38
Page No. 85 of 92
Design of Abutment
Geometric data
Spacing of reinforcement 125.00 mm
Number of bars along width (compression) 100 Nos.2
Reinforcement area (Ast) 11309.73 mm
Spacing of reinforcement 125.00 mm
Properties of uncracked section
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 4732536.45 mm2
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 49724532047 mm4
Design the section as uncracked section
Properties of cracked section
Effective area of cracked section 2630426.07 mm2
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 15778298228 mm4
ycal-yassum 0.00
Page No. 86 of 92
Design of Abutment
Check for stress
Shear Stress 0.000 Mpa
Load case 2(a)

Load Data
Shear force 606.68 kN
Material Data
Load Case Normal
Permissible axial compressive stress in concrete (σcc) 10 Mpa
Modular Ratio 12.38
Geometric data
Number of bars along width (compression) 100 Nos.
Reinforcement area (Ast) 11309.73 cm2
Bar Diameter (φ) 16.00 cm
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 4732536.45 cm2
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 49724532047 cm4
2
Calculated direct compressive stress (σco,cal) 0.28 kg/cm
2
Calculated bending compressive stress (σcb,cal) 2.83 kg/cm
2
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (σct,cal) -2.55 kg/cm
ycal-yassum 0.00
Check for stress
Shear Stress 0.14 Mpa (Safe)
Permissible Shear stress in concrete for 0.83% Reinf = 0.32 Mpa
Hence no shear reinforcement required.
Page No. 87 of 92
Design of Abutment
Load case 2(b)

Load Data
Shear force 606.68 kN
Material Data
Grade of Steel M500
Load Case Normal
Modular Ratio 12.38
Geometric data
Bar Diameter (φ) 16.00 cm
Number of bars along width (tensile) 100.00 Nos.
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section cm2
4732536.45
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 49724532047 cm4
2
Calculated direct compressive stress (σco,cal) 0.28 kg/cm
2
Calculated bending compressive stress (σcb,cal) 2.84 kg/cm
2
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (σct,cal) -2.56 kg/cm
ycal-yassum 0.00
Check for stress
Shear Stress 0.14 Mpa
Permissible Shear stress in concrete for 0.83% Reinf = 0.32 Mpa (Safe)
Page No. 88 of 92
Design of Abutment
13.4 Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Where,
σsc = 4.51 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
width 350.00 mm Ac,eff = 1750000 mm2
fct,eff = = 1.29 Mpa εsm-εcm = 1.4E-05
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 1.4E-05
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 12.0 mm k2 = 0.5
< 0.3 mm OK
Page No. 89 of 92
Design of Abutment
12.0 Design of pile for intial pile load test
12.1 Calculation of fixity depth (Free head Condition)
4
E= Modulus of Elasticity of plie= 32308250 kN/m2 I= π*D /64 = 0.102 m4
φ= Angle of friction = 30.00 degree K1= Constant = 8000 kN/m2
T= (EI/K1)1/5 = 3.33
L1/T= = 1.26 Lf/T= (from fig.2 of Appendix B)= 1.90
(L1+Lf)= = 10.53 m
For Free head Pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)3/(3EI)
Y = lateral deflection at scour level 1% of pile diameter = 12 mm
Deflection at pile tip

Deflection of pile , Y = ax2+bx+c Parabolic equation Pile top level
where x= 0 c= 0 and dy/dx =0 b=0 Scour level
2
Deflection of pile , Y = ax where, x= 6.33 m =y 0.012 10.532
a= 0.0002993 6.33
33 mm
Q = Lateral capacity of pile for free head condition =3EIY/(L1+Lf)3= 280 kN

Q = Lateral capacity of pile for fixed head condition =12EIY/(L1+Lf)3= 1121 kN > 360 kNHence O.K.
For normal case only
Moment (MF) for free head piles, refer Appendix B of IS:2911 MF = Q*(L1+Lf)xm
Where, m = 0.55 = 1624.05 kN-m
12.2 Type of test and test load

Case 1:- Vertical load test Maximum vertical load on pile = 1870 kN
say = 2250 kN
Factored load 2.5 x Va = 5625 kN
(Considering minimum ecentricity =D/30) Factored Moment = 225 kN-m
Case 2:-Lateral load Test Depth of fixity = 10.53 m

Vertical load - self wt of pile upto fixity depth = 179 kN
Factored Moment 1.5 x 1,624.05 = 2436 kN-m
12.3 Design of Pile in Ultimate Limit State

1. Material data
Page No. 90 of 91
Design of Abutment
As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed Moeqp = BM in SLSMoed = BM in ULS
h0 = 2*Ac/u 600 mm φRH = 1.36
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.854
So, φef = 1.85 So , A = 0.730
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.30 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.339 C= 0.7

nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 1.85
β= 0.35+fck/200-λ/150 = 0.291 The coefficient Kφ = 1.54

Case 1 5625.00 225.00 0.32 23.43 1.00 0.090 506.50 596.5
Case 2 268.01 2436.07 0.02 107.34 1.00 0.000 0.00 2436.1
d' = 103.500 mm d'/D = 0.086

Pt = 1.215 % Pt/fck = 0.035
N Ed (kN) Check
Case 1 5625.00 0.112 0.065 3931.2 > 596.50 O.K. 3335
Case 2 268.01 0.005 0.050 3024.0 > 2436.07 O.K. 588
14 Nos. 25 T and 8T @ 150 c/c
Page No. 91 of 91
DESIGN OF CANTILEVER
REURN WALL
DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETURN WALL FOR ABUTMENT
1.0 BASIC INPUT
Length of solid return wall 4.00 m
Height of solid return wall 3.90 m
Thickness of solid return wall 0.30 m
Minm height of cantilever return wall 1.00 m
Thickness of cantilever return wall 0.30 m
Earth pressure coefficient "K" 0.298

Soil density "ϒ" 19.0 Kn/m3
1000
3.90
4.00
300 THK
CANTILEVER RETURN WALL
DIMENSION DETAILS FOR SOLID CUM CANTILEVER RETURN WALL

2.0 BASIC LOAD CALCULATION FOR RETURN WALL
LOAD 1 : Self weight of the return wall is calculated by staad itself

by the command "SELFWEIGHT Y-1" .
LOAD 2 : Earth Pressure (Refer staad model) LOAD 3 : Surcharge Pressure (Refer staad model)
K= 0.298
ϒ= 19 Kn/m3
Depth of Cummalative Depth Earthpressure( Surcharge

Sl No Width (m)
member (m) from top (m) kN/m) pressure(kN/m)
1 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 3.40

2 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.71 3.40
3 0.25 0.50 0.50 1.42 3.40
0.25 0.75 0.50 2.12 3.40
4 0.25 1.00 0.50 2.83 3.40
5 0.36 1.36 0.50 3.86 3.40
6 0.36 1.73 0.50 4.88 3.40
7 0.36 2.09 0.50 5.91 3.40
8 0.36 2.45 0.50 6.94 3.40
9 0.36 2.81 0.50 7.96 3.40
10 0.36 3.18 0.50 8.99 3.40
11 0.36 3.54 0.50 10.01 3.40
12 0.36 3.90 0.50 11.04 3.40
3.0 STAAD MODEL
73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
72 68 63 57 50 42 33 23 12
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89
71 67 62 56 49 41 32 22 11
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
70 66 61 55 48 40 31 21 10
98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
69 65 60 54 47 39 30 20 9
106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113
149 64 59 53 46 38 29 19 8
114 115 116 117 118 119 120
148 58 52 45 37 28 18 7
121 122 123 124 125 126
147 51 44 36 27 17 6
127 128 129 130 131
146 43 35 26 16 5
132 133 134 135
145 34 25 15 4
136 137 138
144 24 14 3
139 140
143 13 2
141
142 1
MODEL SHOWING BEAM NO

4.1 DESIGN OF VERTICAL MEMBERS IN ULS
FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR
SL NO ANALYSIS STEP BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM
NO -1 NO -2 NO -3 NO -4 NO -5 NO -6 NO -7 NO -8 NO -9 NO -10 NO -11 NO -12 NO -13
1 Design Moment From Staad output in 0.216 0.199 0.182 0.165 0.149 0.132 0.115 0.098 0.040 2.770 1.961 2.334 1.722
2 Width of slab for Design in m 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500
3 Depth of slab for Design in m 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300
4 Grade of Concrete M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40
5 Grade of steel Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500
6 "E" value for concrete (As per Eq. A2-5 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8
7 "E" value for Steel (As per Cl 6.3.5 of IRC:112-2011)
200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000
8 Design compressive streangth of 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8
9 Design Peak Strength of Steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
10 Concrete failure strain (As per Table -6.5 of0.0035
IRC:112-2011)
0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035
11 Concrete limiting strain (As per Table -6.5 of0.002
IRC:112-2011)
0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
12 Yield strain of steel 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217
13 Limiting strain of steel 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417
14 Provide Reinforcement at Heel top in mm210 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia 10 dia
150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C
& & & & & & & & & & & & &
0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia
150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C
15 Provided Total Reinforcement in mm2 262 262 262 262 262 262 262 262 262 262 262 262 262
16 Clear cover in mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
17 Effective depth d in mm 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245
18 Actual Neutral Axis Depth Nu in mm 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
19 So strain in mm 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510 0.0510
20 So strsss in N/mm2 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783
21 Balanced Neu axis depth Nbal in mm 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742 111.742
UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER
REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF
22 Section Check (UNDER OR OVER REINFORCED)SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT
23 Total Ultimate compressive force in kN 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83
24 Total Ultimate Tensile force in kN 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83 113.83
25 Difference in force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 CG of compressive force in mm 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54
27 So Moment of resistance kNm 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27
28 So Moment of resistance kNm 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27
29 Design Moment in kNm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 2 2
30 DESIGN STATUS SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
SHEAR CHECK (As per CL 10.3 of IRC:112-2011) Shear reduction factor = 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
31 Design Shear in kN 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
32 K = 1+SQRT(200/d) 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90
33 Governing K 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90
0.0021 0.0021
34 ρ1 = Asl/bw*d (As per Eq 10.5 of IRC:112-2011) 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021
35 ρ1 <0.02 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
36 Ned = axial compression in kN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 σcp in N/mm2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 vmin = 0.031*K^3/2*fck^1/2 in Mpa 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149 0.5149
39 Vrdcmin =(vmin+0.15*σcp)*bw*d in kN 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63
53
40 Vrdc = (0.12*K*(80*ρ1*fck)^0.33+0.15*σcp)*bw*d in 53
kN 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53
41 Governing Shear resistance Vrdcgovern in kN63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63
42 DESIGN STATUS SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO
NO SHEAR
SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR
43 DESIGN SHEAR STATUS REINF
REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF
58 DESIGN STATUS #REF! #REF! #REF!
4.2 DESIGN OF HORIZONTAL MEMBERS IN ULS
FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR
SL NO ANALYSIS STEP BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM
NO -73 NO -74 NO -75 NO -76 NO -77 NO -78 NO -79 NO -80
1 Design Moment From Staad output in kNm 0.28 1.47 3.73 7.18 11.98 18.27 26.07 35.00
2 Width of slab for Design in m 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.500 0.500
3 Depth of slab for Design in m 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516 0.516
4 Grade of Concrete M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40
5 Grade of steel Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500
6 "E" value for concrete (As per Eq. A2-5 (page- 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8
200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000
8 Design compressive streangth of Concrete 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8
9 Design Peak Strength of Steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
10 Concrete failure strain (As per Table -6.5 of IRC:112-2011)
0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035
11 Concrete limiting strain (As per Table -6.5 of IRC:112-2011)
0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
12 Yield strain of steel 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217 0.00217
13 Limiting strain of steel 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417 0.00417
14 Provide Reinforcement at Heel top in mm2 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia
150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C
& & & & & & & &
0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia
150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C 150 C/C
15 Provided Total Reinforcement in mm2 565 565 565 565 565 565 377 377
16 Clear cover in mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
17 Effective depth d in mm 460.026 460.026 460.026 460.026 460.03 460.026 460.026 460.026
18 Actual Neutral Axis Depth Nu in mm 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23
19 So strain in mm 0.0676 0.0676 0.0676 0.0676 0.0676 0.0676 0.0676 0.0676
20 So strsss in N/mm2 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783 434.783
21 Balanced Neu axis depth Nbal in mm 209.813 209.813 209.813 209.813 209.813 209.813 209.813 209.813
UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER
REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF
22 Section Check (UNDER OR OVER REINFORCED) SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT
23 Total Ultimate compressive force in kN 245.86 245.86 245.86 245.86 245.86 245.86 163.91 163.91
24 Total Ultimate Tensile force in kN 245.86 245.86 245.86 245.86 245.86 245.86 163.91 163.91
25 Difference in force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 CG of compressive force in mm 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42
27 So Moment of resistance kNm 111 111 111 111 111 111 74 74
28 So Moment of resistance kNm 111 111 111 111 111 111 74 74
29 Design Moment in kNm 0 1 4 7 12 18 26 35
30 DESIGN STATUS SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
SHEAR CHECK (As per CL 10.3 of IRC:112-2011) Shear reduction factor = 0.5 0.5
31 Design Shear in kN 0 0 9 8 7 6 4 0
32 K = 1+SQRT(200/d) 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66
33 Governing K 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66
34 ρ1 = Asl/bw*d (As per Eq 10.5 of IRC:112-2011) 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016
35 ρ1 <0.02 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
36 Ned = axial compression in kN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 σcp in N/mm2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 vmin = 0.031*K^3/2*fck^1/2 in Mpa 0.4191 0.4191 0.4191 0.4191 0.4191 0.4191 0.4191 0.4191
39 Vrdcmin =(vmin+0.15*σcp)*bw*d in kN 145 145 145 145 145 145 96 96
40 Vrdc = (0.12*K*(80*ρ1*fck)^0.33+0.15*σcp)*bw*d119in kN 119 119 119 119 119 79 79
41 Governing Shear resistance Vrdcgovern in kN 145 145 145 145 145 145 96 96
42 DESIGN STATUS SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
NO NO NO NO NO
NO SHEAR NO SHEAR NO SHEAR
SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR
REINF REINF REINF
43 DESIGN SHEAR STATUS REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF
5.1 DESIGN OF VERTICAL MEMBERS IN SLS
FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR
SL
ANALYSIS STEP BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM BEAM
NO
NO -1 NO -2 NO -3 NO -4 NO -5 NO -6 NO -7 NO -8 NO -9 NO -10 NO -11 NO -12 NO -13
1 Design Moment From Staad output in kNm 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.03 1.24 2.12 1.57 1.91
2 Width of slab for Design in m 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
3 Depth of slab for Design in m 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30
4 Grade of Concrete M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40
5 Grade of steel Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500
6 "E" value for concrete (As per Eq. A2-5 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8
200000 in 200000
Mpa 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000
8 Effective depth d in mm 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0 245.0
9 Clear cover in mm 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
10 Modular ratio in tension 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
11 Concrete failure strain 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035
12 Max stress in concrete Mpa 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2
13 Max stress in Steel in Mpa 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
14 Area of reinforcement provided in mm2 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8 261.8
15 Actual Neutral Axis Depth Nu in mm 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.94 38.87 38.87 38.87 38.87
16 Balanced neutral axis depth in mm 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45 75.45
UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER
REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF
17 Section Check (UNDER OR OVER REINFORCED) SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT
18 Actual tensile stress in Mpa 2.49 2.29 2.12 1.94 1.79 1.60 1.42 1.23 0.51 20.36 34.95 25.83 31.36
19 Maximum compressive stress in Mpa 0.067 0.062 0.057 0.052 0.048 0.043 0.038 0.033 0.014 0.549 0.942 0.696 0.845
20 CG of compressive force in mm 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
21 Total Compressive Force kN 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 5.3 9.1 6.8 8.2
22 Total Tensile Force kN 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 5.3 9.1 6.8 8.2
23 Moment of resistance in kNm 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.2 2.1 1.6 1.9
24 Applied Moment kNm 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.2 2.1 1.6 1.9
25 Difference in Force 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
26 Difference in Moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
27 Crack Width Wk = S rmax * ( εsm-εcm)
28 c in mm = 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
29 K1 = 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
30 K2 = 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
31 φ in mm = 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
32 As in mm2= 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80
33 hceff in mm= 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5
34 Aceff in mm2= 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750 68750
35 ρρeff = As/Aceff 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
36 Srmax = Maximum crack spacing=3.4*c + 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43 616.43
37 σsc = Stress in tension reinforcement in Mpa As2.49
per Eq 12.6
2.29of IRC:112-2011
2.12 1.94 1.79 1.60 1.42 1.23 0.51 20.36 34.95 25.83 31.36
38 Kt = 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
39 fcteff = Mean value of tensile streangth of conc
138.13
As per 138.13
Eq A 2-2 of138.13
IRC:112-2011
138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13
40 αe = Es/Ecm 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00
41 ( εsm-εcm) = (σsc-Kt*fcteff*(1+αe * ρρeff)/ρρeff)/Es
-0.0927 -0.0927 -0.0927 -0.0927 -0.0927 -0.0927 -0.0928 -0.0928 -0.0928 -0.0927 -0.0926 -0.0926 -0.0926
42 ( εsm-εcm)min = 0.6 * σsc /Es 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00006 0.00010 0.00008 0.00009
43 ( εsm-εcm)governing = 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00006 0.00010 0.00008 0.00009
44 Crack Width Wk = S rmax * ( εsm-εcm)governing 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.038 0.065 0.048 0.058
45 Considering Moderate exposure 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300
46 DESIGN CRACK STATUS OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
47 COMPRESSIVE STRESS CHECK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
48 TENSILE STRESS CHECK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
5.2 DESIGN OF HORIZONTAL MEMBERS IN SLS
FOR FOR FOR FOR
FOR BEAM FOR BEAM FOR BEAM FOR BEAM
SL NO ANALYSIS STEP BEAM NO - BEAM NO BEAM NO BEAM NO
NO -75 NO -76 NO -77 NO -78
73 -74 -79 -80
1 Design Moment From Staad output in kNm 0 1 3 5 9 14 20 27
2 Width of slab for Design in m 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50
3 Depth of slab for Design in m 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52
4 Grade of Concrete M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40
5 Grade of steel Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500 Fe500
6 "E" value for concrete (As per Eq. A2-5 (page-236) 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8 33345.8
7 "E" value for Steel (As per Cl 6.3.5 of IRC:112-2011) in Mpa200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000
8 Effective depth d in mm 460.0 460.0 460.0 460.0 460.0 460.0 460.0 460.0
9 Clear cover in mm 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
10 Modular ratio in tension 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
11 Concrete failure strain 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035
12 Max stress in concrete Mpa 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2
13 Max stress in Steel in Mpa 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
14 Area of reinforcement provided in mm2 565.5 565.5 565.5 565.5 565.5 565.5 377.0 377.0
15 Actual Neutral Axis Depth Nu in mm 64.61 64.61 64.61 64.61 64.61 64.61 64.61 64.61
16 Balanced neutral axis depth in mm 129.78 129.78 129.78 129.78 129.78 129.78 129.78 129.78
UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER
UNDER UNDER
REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF REINF
REINF SECT REINF SECT
17 Section Check (UNDER OR OVER REINFORCED) SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT
18 Actual tensile stress in Mpa 0.85 4.49 11.39 21.88 36.47 55.61 119.12 160.50
19 Maximum compressive stress in Mpa 0.020 0.105 0.266 0.511 0.851 1.298 2.780 3.746
20 CG of compressive force in mm 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5
21 Total Compressive Force kN 0.5 2.5 6.4 12.4 20.6 31.4 44.9 60.5
22 Total Tensile Force kN 0.5 2.5 6.4 12.4 20.6 31.4 44.9 60.5
23 Moment of resistance in kNm 0.2 1.1 2.8 5.4 9.0 13.8 19.7 26.5
24 Applied Moment kNm 0.2 1.1 2.8 5.4 9.0 13.8 19.7 26.5
25 Difference in Force 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
26 Difference in Moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
27 Crack Width Wk = S rmax * ( εsm-εcm)
28 c in mm = 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
29 K1 = 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
30 K2 = 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
31 φ in mm = 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
32 As in mm2= 565.49 565.49 565.49 565.49 565.49 565.49 376.99 376.99
33 hceff in mm= 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140
34 Aceff in mm2= 105000 105000 105000 105000 105000 105000 70000 70000
35 ρρeff = As/Aceff 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
36 Srmax = Maximum crack spacing=3.4*c + ( 548.79 548.79 548.79 548.79 548.79 548.79 548.79 548.79
37 σsc = Stress in tension reinforcement in Mpa As per Eq 12.6 of0.85
IRC:112-2011
4.49 11.39 21.88 36.47 55.61 119.12 160.50
38 Kt = 0.50 1.50 2.50 3.50 4.50 5.50 6.50 7.50
39 fcteff = Mean value of tensile streangth of conc As per Eq A138.13
2-2 of IRC:112-2011
138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13 138.13
40 αe = Es/Ecm 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00
41 ( εsm-εcm) = (σsc-Kt*fcteff*(1+αe * ρρeff)/ρρeff)/Es -0.0662 -0.1986 -0.3309 -0.4632 -0.5956 -0.7278 -0.8599 -0.9921
42 ( εsm-εcm)min = 0.6 * σsc /Es 0.00000 0.00001 0.00003 0.00007 0.00011 0.00017 0.00036 0.00048
43 ( εsm-εcm)governing = 0.00000 0.00001 0.00003 0.00007 0.00011 0.00017 0.00036 0.00048
44 Crack Width Wk = S rmax * ( εsm-εcm)governing 0.001 0.007 0.019 0.036 0.060 0.092 0.196 0.264
45 Considering Moderate exposure condition, 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300
46 DESIGN CRACK STATUS OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
47 COMPRESSIVE STRESS CHECK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
48 TENSILE STRESS CHECK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
STAAD SPACE
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 15-Sep-19
JOB NAME Kodarma barhi
JOB CLIENT RKS
ENGINEER NAME MK
CHECKER NAME SS
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 -0.25 0; 2 1 -0.25 0; 3 2 -0.25 0; 4 3 -0.25 0; 5 4 -0.25 0; 11 0 -0.75 0;
12 1 -0.75 0; 13 2 -0.75 0; 14 3 -0.75 0; 15 4 -0.75 0; 21 0 -1.25 0;
22 1 -1.25 0; 23 2 -1.25 0; 24 3 -1.25 0; 25 4 -1.25 0; 47 4 -4.15 0;
87 1 -1.975 0; 88 4 -1.975 0; 90 2 -2.7 0; 91 3 -3.425 0; 92 4 -2.7 0;
93 4 -3.425 0; 94 2 -1.975 0; 95 3 -1.975 0; 96 3 -2.7 0; 97 0.5 -0.25 0;
98 1.5 -0.25 0; 99 2.5 -0.25 0; 100 3.5 -0.25 0; 101 0.5 -1.25 0;
102 1.5 -1.975 0; 103 2.5 -2.7 0; 104 3.5 -3.425 0; 105 3.5 -3.7875 0;
106 2.5 -3.0625 0; 107 1.5 -2.3375 0; 108 0.5 -1.6125 0; 109 0.5 -0.75 0;
110 1.5 -0.75 0; 111 2.5 -0.75 0; 112 3.5 -0.75 0; 113 1.5 -1.25 0;
114 2.5 -1.25 0; 115 3.5 -1.25 0; 116 3.5 -1.975 0; 117 2.5 -1.975 0;
118 3.5 -2.7 0; 119 4 -1.6125 0; 120 4 -2.3375 0; 121 4 -3.0625 0;
122 4 -3.7875 0; 123 2 -1.6125 0; 124 1 -1.6125 0; 125 3 -3.0625 0;
126 2 -2.3375 0; 127 3 -1.6125 0; 128 3 -2.3375 0; 129 1.5 -1.6125 0;
130 2.5 -2.3375 0; 131 2.5 -1.6125 0; 132 3.5 -3.0625 0; 133 3.5 -2.3375 0;
134 3.5 -1.6125 0; 135 4 -1 0; 136 4 -0.5 0; 137 0 -1 0; 138 0 -0.5 0;
139 3 -1 0; 140 3 -0.5 0; 141 2 -1 0; 142 2 -0.5 0; 143 1 -1 0; 144 1 -0.5 0;
145 0.5 -0.5 0; 146 1.5 -0.5 0; 147 2.5 -0.5 0; 148 3.5 -0.5 0; 149 0.5 -1 0;
150 1.5 -1 0; 151 2.5 -1 0; 152 3.5 -1 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 122 47; 2 93 122; 3 121 93; 4 92 121; 5 120 92; 6 88 120; 7 119 88; 8 25 119;
9 135 25; 10 15 135; 11 136 15; 12 5 136; 13 104 105; 14 132 104; 15 118 132;
16 133 118; 17 116 133; 18 134 116; 19 115 134; 20 152 115; 21 112 152;
22 148 112; 23 100 148; 24 125 91; 25 96 125; 26 128 96; 27 95 128; 28 127 95;
29 24 127; 30 139 24; 31 14 139; 32 140 14; 33 4 140; 34 103 106; 35 130 103;
36 117 130; 37 131 117; 38 114 131; 39 151 114; 40 111 151; 41 147 111;
42 99 147; 43 126 90; 44 94 126; 45 123 94; 46 23 123; 47 141 23; 48 13 141;
49 142 13; 50 3 142; 51 102 107; 52 129 102; 53 113 129; 54 150 113;
55 110 150; 56 146 110; 57 98 146; 58 124 87; 59 22 124; 60 143 22; 61 12 143;
62 144 12; 63 2 144; 64 101 108; 65 149 101; 66 109 149; 67 145 109; 68 97 145;
69 21 137; 70 137 11; 71 11 138; 72 138 1; 73 1 97; 74 97 2; 75 2 98; 76 98 3;
77 3 99; 78 99 4; 79 4 100; 80 100 5; 82 138 145; 83 145 144; 84 144 146;
85 146 142; 86 142 147; 87 147 140; 88 140 148; 89 148 136; 90 11 109;
91 109 12; 92 12 110; 93 110 13; 94 13 111; 95 111 14; 96 14 112; 97 112 15;
98 137 149; 99 149 143; 100 143 150; 101 150 141; 102 141 151; 103 151 139;
104 139 152; 105 152 135; 106 21 101; 107 101 22; 108 22 113; 109 113 23;
110 23 114; 111 114 24; 112 24 115; 113 115 25; 114 108 124; 115 124 129;
116 129 123; 117 123 131; 118 131 127; 119 127 134; 120 134 119; 121 87 102;
122 102 94; 123 94 117; 124 117 95; 125 95 116; 126 116 88; 127 107 126;
128 126 130; 129 130 128; 130 128 133; 131 133 120; 132 90 103; 133 103 96;
134 96 118; 135 118 92; 136 106 125; 137 125 132; 138 132 121; 139 91 104;
140 104 93; 141 105 122; 142 105 47; 143 91 105; 144 106 91; 145 90 106;
146 107 90; 147 87 107; 148 108 87; 149 21 108;
*******************************************************************************
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***********************************************************************************
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE1
E 3.2e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 5e-006
DAMP 0.05
ISOTROPIC DUMMY
E 3.2e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 0
ALPHA 5e-006
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
73 TO 80 PRIS YD 0.5 ZD 0.3
82 TO 113 PRIS YD 0.25 ZD 0.3
11 12 22 23 32 33 41 42 49 50 56 57 62 63 67 68 PRIS YD 0.5 ZD 0.3
9 10 20 21 30 31 39 40 47 48 54 55 60 61 65 66 PRIS YD 0.5 ZD 0.3
1 TO 8 13 TO 19 24 TO 29 34 TO 38 43 TO 46 51 TO 53 58 59 64 PRIS YD 0.5 ZD 0.3
69 TO 72 142 TO 149 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 0.3
114 TO 141 PRIS YD 0.365 ZD 0.3
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE1 MEMB 1 TO 68
MATERIAL DUMMY MEMB 69 TO 80 82 TO 149
**************************************************************************
*************************************************************************
SUPPORTS
5 15 25 47 88 92 93 119 TO 122 135 136 FIXED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE LOAD CASE 1
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE EARTH PRESSURE
MEMBER LOAD
72 TRAP GZ -0.35 0
71 TRAP GZ -0.71 -0.36
70 TRAP GZ -1.05 -0.71
69 TRAP GZ -1.42 -1.05
12 23 33 42 50 57 63 68 TRAP GZ 0 -0.71
11 22 32 41 49 56 62 67 TRAP GZ -0.71 -1.42
10 21 31 40 48 55 61 66 TRAP GZ -1.42 -2.12
9 20 30 39 47 54 60 65 TRAP GZ -2.12 -2.83
8 19 29 38 46 53 59 64 TRAP GZ -2.83 -3.86
7 18 28 37 45 52 58 TRAP GZ -3.86 -4.88
6 17 27 36 44 51 TRAP GZ -4.88 -5.91
5 16 26 35 43 TRAP GZ -5.91 -6.94
4 15 25 34 TRAP GZ -6.94 -7.96
3 14 24 TRAP GZ -7.96 -8.99
2 13 TRAP GZ -8.99 -10
1 TRAP GZ -10 -11.04
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE
MEMBER LOAD
69 TO 72 UNI GZ -1.7
1 TO 68 UNI GZ -3.4
LOAD COMB 4 ULS LOAD CASE
1 1.35 2 1.5 3 1.2
LOAD COMB 5 SLS LOAD CASE
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH
DESIGN OF PIER
Detailed Design of Sub-structure & Foundation P
1.0 Design Data
1.1 Span
a) Left Span (c/c of exp gap) 35 m
b) Right Span (c/c of exp gap) 35 m
c) Left Span (c/c of brg) 33.400 m
d) Right Span (c/c of brg) 33.400 m
e) Alignment - Left Span Stright
f) Alignment - Right Span Stright
g) Radius of curve - Left Span 1E+09 m
h) Radius of curve - Right Span 1E+09 m
i) Carriageway width -Left Span 9.000 m
j) Carriageway width -Right Span 9.000 m
k) Overall width- Left Span 12.500 m
l) Overall width- Right Span 12.500 m
m) Depth of superstructure -Left Span 2.450 m
n) Depth of superstructure -Right Span 2.450 m
o) Cg of superstructure from bottom - Left Span 1.638 m
p) Cg of superstructure from bottom - Right Span 1.638 m
q) Spacing of Girder 3.000 m
r) Ht of crash barrier 1.05 m
s) Wearing coat thickness 0.065 m
t) Height of downstand 0.025 m
u) Height of bearing and pedestal 0.355 m
1.2 Salient Levels

a) Formation Level 378.500 m
b) Bearing Level of fixed bearing 375.960 m
c) Pier Cap top Level 375.493 m
d) Low water level 364.000 m
e) Pile Cap top Level 367.800 m
f) Scour level 357.000 m
g) Length of pile 17 m
h) Foundation level 349.000 m
1.3 Pier dimension

a) Width of Pier Cap 3.000 m
b) Length of Pier Cap at top 11.000 m
c) Spacing of bearing in longitudinal direction 1.600 m
d) Thickness of Pier Cap of straight portion 0.900 m
e) Thickness of Pier Cap of varing portion 0.900 m
f) depth of Pier 2.000 m
g) Width of Pier 3.600 m
h) Height of pier Shaft 5.892 m
i) Ecc of pier cap/superstructure with pier in long dirn. 0.000 m
j) Ecc of pier cap/superstructure with pier in tran dirn. 0.000 m
1.4 Foundation dimension

a) No of piles 7
b) Foundation Dimension along Long. Direction 8.70 m
c) Foundation Dimension along Trans. Direction 7.80 m
d) Foundation Thickness 1.80 m
e) Pile Capacity (Vertical) - normal case 3000 kN
f) Pile Capacity (Lateral) - normal case 730 kN
g) Eccentricity of Substructure from fndn c.g : Long 0 m
h) Eccentricity of Substructure from fndn c.g : Trans 0 m
i) Diameter of Pile 1.2 m
Page No. 1 of 117
1.5 Others
a) Unit wt of concrete for pier & piercap 25 kN/m3
b) Unit wt of concrete for pile foundation 25 kN/m3
c) Unit wt of Earth above foundation 19 kN/m3
d) Unit wt of wearing coat 22 kN/m3
e) Grade of concrete of pier & piercap M40
f) Grade of concrete of pile foundation M35

g) Grade of steel Fe500

Grade of reinforcement Fe 500 Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Material safety factor gs = 1.15 Design yield strength fyd = 434.78 MPa
Design yield strain eyd = 0.0022 Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
1.6 Seismic Forces Seismic Zone Zone III
1.7 Sketches
1.750 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.750
Pier cap 11.00 0.90

1.80
0.90
3.60
Pier Bed level
367.800
8.700 Pile Cap 1.80
1200 dia pile
Elevation of Pier cap, Pier along Transverse direction
Page No. 2 of 117

1.600
Pier cap 0.900

3.000 1.80
0.900
RCC Pier
2.00
Bed level
367.800
Pile Cap 7.800 1.80
1200 dia pile
1.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.000
3.000
11.00
Plan at pier cap top level
Page No. 3 of 117

2.0 LOAD CALCULATION
2.1 Dead Load of structure
2.1.1 Self weight of superstructure
Support reactions for self weight of girders & wt of deck slab from superstructure analysis are considered for
(a) Left Span = 33.400 m
Spacing of bearing in longitudinal direction = 1.600 m
(b) Right Span = 33.400 m
Total dead load on pier cap top = 8762.6 kN
Longitudinal moment = 0.00 kN-m
Tranverse Momoment = -811.25 kN-m
Dead load reaction of Deck slab =(255.05+241.15)*2 = 993.68 kN
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos(φ/2)] or 2/3*R[1-cos(φ/2)]
Table 2.1.1 Summary of self weight of superstructure Tranvers moment due curvature of Deck slab
Span mkd Verical load Eccentricity (m) Long. Tranverse
moment moment
(kN) Long Trans
(kN-m) (kN-m)
Left span 4381.3 0.800 0.000 3505.1 0.0
Right span 4381.3 -0.800 0.000 -3505.1 0.0
Total 8762.6 0.00 0.00
2.1.2 Self weight of substructure

Self weight of substructure is computed considering unit weight of concrete as 25.0 kN/m3.
Weight of bearing 8 nos x 2.5 kN = 20.00 kN
Weight of pedestal 8 nos x 800 mm x 800 mm x 300 mm x 25.0 kN/m3 = 38.40 kN
Central pedestal 0 nos x 800 mm x 800 mm x 550 mm x 25.0 kN/m3 = 0.00 kN
Weight of pier cap 1 nos x 3.00 m x 11.00 m x 1.800 m x 25.0 kN/m3 = 1181.3 kN
Seismic restrainer 2 nos x 1.08 m x 2.150 m x 0.950 m x 25.0 kN/m3 = 109.78 kN
Weight of pier column 1 nos x 2.000 m x φ 5.892 25.0 kN/m3 = 462.8 kN
Therefore total weight of substructure = 1812.19 kN
2.1.3 Self weight of foundation

Weight of pile cap 1 nos x 8.70 m x 7.80 m x 1.80 m x 25.0 kN/m3 3053.70 kN
Weight of soil above pile cap1 nos x 8.70 m x 7.80 m x -3.80 m x 19.0 kN/m3 -4899.49 kN
Page No. 4 of 117

2.2 Super Impose Dead Load from superstructure
Support reactions of girders for superimposed live load from superstructure analysis are considered for
(a) Left Span
SIDL reaction from longer Super structure = 357.87 kN
(b) Right Span
SIDL of Longitudinal Girder 3 101.10 kN
SIDL reaction from shorter Super structure = 357.87 kN
Total SIDL from Super structure = 715.75 kN
Longitudinal moment = 0.00 kN-m
Tranverse Momoment = 423.72 kN-m
Table 2.2.1 Summary of super impose dead load
Verical load
(kN) Long Trans (kN-m) (kN-m)
Left span 357.9 0.800 0.000 286.3 0.0
Right span 357.9 -0.800 0.000 -286.3 0.0
Total 715.7 0.00 0.00
2.3 Footpath Live Load from superstructure

As per Cl. No. 206.3 of IRC:6-2014, Footpath live load is considered together with vehicle loads.
/
P= (P -260+4800/L)x((16.5-1.5)/15)
Where, P/ = 500 Kg/m
2
W= 1.5 m
L1 = 33.40 m L2 = 33.40 m
2 2
P1 = 383.7 Kg/m P= 383.7 Kg/m
U.D.L. due to footpath live load = 5.76 kN/m 5.76 kN/m
Table 2.3.1 Summary of footpath live load
Vertical reaction (kN) Eccentricity (m)
Span mkd Due to
One side Both sides Long Trans
curvature
Left span 100.7 201.4 0.800 5.00 0.000
Right span 100.7 201.4 -0.800 5.00 0.000
2.4 Vehicular Live Load from superstructure

Following table summarizes vehicular live load for Maximum Vertical reaction, Maximum
Longitudinal Moment & Maximum Transverse moment . The longitudinal dispositions of axle loads
causing maximum reaction and moments on substructure and foundation are computed in a
separate page (refer to Appendix C).
Table 2.4.1 Summary of Vehicular live load at bearing level for Normal load case
Vertical Horizontal Force (kN) ML (KN- MT (KN- Loaded
Loaded length length
Load V HL HT m) m)
Max. Tranv. Moment
1135.38 245.90 0.00 40.72 3298.27
(1L 70R)
Max. Long Moment
1066.41 335.03 0.00 853.13 3097.92
(1L 70R)
Max.vertical load
1451.12 213.73 0.00 167.60 1015.79
(2L ClassA)
Page No. 5 of 117

Table 2.4.2 Summary of Vehicular live load at bearing level for Longitudinal Seismic
Loaded length HL HT
Load V m) m)
Max. Tranv. Moment
227.08 125.01 0.00 8.14 659.65
(1L 70R)
Max. Long Moment
213.28 142.83 0.00 170.63 619.58
(1L 70R)
Max.vertical load
236.92 117.26 0.00 27.36 165.84
(2L ClassA)
2.5 Wind Load on structure

Wind load has been calculated as per clause no. 209 of IRC 6:2014. A detailed calculation for Wind load on the
Structure has been calculated in a separate page of this design Calculation report. A summary of forces &
moments on the structure has been presented here.
Table 2.7.1 Summary of Wind force at bearing level
Longitudina Long. Tranv.
Vertical Transverse
Case l Force Moment Moment
Load (kN) Force (kN)
(kN) (kNm) (kNm)
Unloaded Structure 425.02 136.37 545.47 63.75 668.20
Table 2.7.1 Summary of Wind force at base of pier
Longitudina Long. Tranv.
Vertical Transverse
Case l Force Moment Moment
Load (kN) Force (kN)
(kN) (kNm) (kNm)
Unloaded Structure 425.02 140.90 425.02 1149.79 5012.34
2.6 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

WV2
C =
127R
W = Live load
V = Design Speed = 100 km/hr.
R = The Radius of Curvature in m = 1E+09 m
2.7 Vertical & Horizontal loads and moment due to vertical load at Pier Cap Top
V (KN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (KN-m) MT (KN-m)
a) Dead Load of Superstructure 8762.63 0 0 0 0.00
b) SIDL 715.75 0 0 0 0.00
c) Wt. of Pedestals 168.184 0 0 0 0
2.8 Pier and pier cap load at pier base V (KN)

a) Self weight of Pier Cap 1181.250 0 0 0 0
b) Self weight of Pier 462.76 0 0 0 0
2.8 Pilecap and earth

a) Pile Cap 3053.70 0 0 0 0
b) Earth -4899.49 0 0 0 0
2.9 Construction stage - One span dislodged case

DL of Supuper structure 4381.3 0 0 3505.1 0.0
50% of SIDL of one span 178.9 0 0 143.1 0.0
Wt. of Pedestals 168.2 0 0 0.0 0.0
Construction live load (assume DL/8) 547.7 0 0 438.1 0.0
Page No. 6 of 117

3.0 CARRIAGEWAY LIVE LOAD (Normal case)
Multiplication Congestion factor 1.225
Radius, R = 1E+09 m
2
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos(φ/2)] or 2/3*R[-cos(φ/2)]
Where, φ = L/2R, R (left) = 1000000000 m L (left) = 35 m
R (right) = 1000000000 m L (right) = 35 m
Eccentricity due to curvature (left) = 0.000 m Right 0.000 m
3.1 MAXIMUM TRANSVERSE MOMENT CASE

(a)1-lane Class 70R wheeled Loading
1225 kN
0.75 9.0 0.75 1.50 0.50
1.2 2.79
0.86
12.50
Section showing location of 70R wheeled loading
3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37 m CG of all loads =5.124m
3rd 170kN load is placed at 80 120 120 170 170 170 170 kN from extrem right 17t
center of support A & B towards 13.4
support B for max Reaction. 3.228 1.690
1 2 3 4
600 kN 625 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (fixed bearing)= 600.25 - 542.239 58.01 = KN

R2 (free bearing)= (33.4 - 3.228)/33.4 * 600.25 542.24 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 1.69)/33.4 * 624.75 593.14 KN
R4 (free bearing)= 624.75 - 593.139 = 31.61 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 1135.38 KN
Transverse eccentricity 12.5/2-0.75-1.2-2.79/2+ 1.11022302462516E-07
= 2.905 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh =600.25*0.2 = 120.05 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh =624.75*0.2 = 124.95 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxR2 = 264.07 KN
Horizontal force at free bearing of right span (R4) =µxR4 = 143.12 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh2+µxR2-µxR4 = 245.90 KN
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = 1.55 KN
Page No. 7 of 117

(b)1-lane Class 70R Tracked Loading
857.5 kN
0.75 9.0 0.75 1.50 0.50
1.2 2.9
0.84
12.50
4.57
0.3425 0.3425
1 2 3 4
525 kN 525 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (fixed bearing)= 525.21875 - 519.833 = 5.39 KN

R2 (free bearing)= (33.4 - 0.34)/33.4x525.21875 = 519.83 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 0.34)/33.4x525.21875 = 519.83 KN
R4 (free bearing)= 525.21875 - 519.833 = 5.39 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 1039.67 KN
Transverse eccentricity 12.5/2-0.75-1.2-2.9/2 +0.000 = 2.850 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh =525.21875x0.2 = 105.04 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh =525.21875x0.2 = 105.04 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = -15.57 KN
Page No. 8 of 117

(c) Class A Loading (c) Class A Lo
678.65 kN 678.65 kN
0.75 9.0 0.75 1.5 0.50
0.15 1.2
2.3 2.3
0.5
12.50
Section showing location of 2-lane Class A loading
2nd 114kN load from right is placed 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.3 1.2 3.2 1.1 m CG of all loads =9.091m
at center of support A & B towards 68 68 68 68 114 114 27 27 kN from extreme right

support B for max Reaction. 18.8 27kN load.
(i) 1-lane Class A Loading 8 0.633
A B
333 kN 345 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
1-lane 2-lane
R1 (fixed bearing)= 333.2 - 253.392 79.81 159.62 KN
R2 (free bearing)= (33.4 - 8.00)/33.4x333.2 253.39 506.78 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 0.63)/33.4x345.45 338.90 677.81 KN
R4 (free bearing)= 345.45+0.00 - 338.904 6.55 13.09 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 592.29 1184.59 KN
Eccentricity Class A (1 Lane) Loading only 12.5/2-0.75-0.15-2.3/2 +0.000 4.20 2.60 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh =333.2x0.2 66.64 66.64 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh =345.45x0.2 69.09 69.09 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxR2 249.63 262.30 KN
Horizontal force at free bearing of right span (R4) =µxR4 142.37 142.57 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh2+µxR2-µxR4 176.35 188.82 KN
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 -39.39 -51.87 KN

CLASS A
COMPONENTS 70R Wheeled 70R Tracked CLASS A 1L
2L
1.0 Vertical Load V 1135.4 1039.67 1184.6 592.3
Page No. 9 of 117

1225 kN 0
0.75 9 0.75 1.5 0.5
1.2 2.79 3.26 2.3
0.86
12.50
170kN load.
C A B D
1225 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (free bearing)= 1225+0-1,066.41 = 158.6 KN

R2 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 4.32)/33.4x1225+(33.4 - 8.291)/33.4x0 = 1066.41 KN
R3 (free bearing)= = 0.0 KN
R4 (fixed bearing)= = 0.0 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 1066.4 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxR1+µxR3 = 335.03 KN
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2+µxR1-µxR3 = 32.47 KN
Page No. 10 of 117

857.5 kN 0 kN
0.75 9.00 0.75 1.50 0.5
1.2 2.9 3.15 2.9
0.84
12.50
0 kN 2.285
8.291 1.485
C A B D
858 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (free bearing)= 857.5+0.00 - 819.375 = 38.13 KN

R2 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 1.49)/33.4x857.5+(33.4 - 8.291)/33.4x0 = 819.37 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 819.37 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2+µxR1-µxR3 = -7.89 KN
Page No. 11 of 117

678.65 kN 678.65 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.50 0.5
0.15 2.3 2.3
2.3 1.2 1.2
0.5
12.50
27 kN load.
C A B D
679 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
2-lane 2-lane
R1 (free bearing)= 336.9 336.93 KN
R4 (fixed bearing)= 0.0 0.00 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 1020.4 1020.4 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxR1+µxR3 220.41 254.34 KN
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2+µxR1-µxR3 -16.81 0.16 KN

1lane 70R
1lane 70R Tracked CLASS A
COMPONENTS Wheeled +1lane CLASS A 3L
+1lane ClassA 2L
ClassA
1.0 Vertical Load V 1066.41 819.37 1020.37 1020.37
Page No. 12 of 117

3.3 MAXIMUM REACTION CASE
1225 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.50 0.8
1.2 2.79 3.26 2.79
0.86
12.75
408 kN 3.228 1.690 423 kN
C A B D
600 kN 625 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8

R2 (free bearing)= 542.24+253.39 = 664.2 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= 593.14+338.90 = 726.6 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 1390.8 KN
Eccentricity = 2.905 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh = 140.4585 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh = 146.1088125 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = 16.45 KN

857.5 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.00 0.75 1.50 0.75
1.2 2.9 3.15 2.9
0.84
12.75
4.57
500 kN 0.3425 0.3425 518 kN
C A B D
525 kN 525 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8

R = R2 + R3 = = 1273.59 KN
Page No. 13 of 117

Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = 4.08 KN

(i) Class A (2 Lane) Loading - one two lane c'way loaded
678.65 kN 679 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.50 0.75
0.15 1.2 1.2
2.3 2.3 2.3
0.5
12.75
8 0.633
C A B D
333 kN 345 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
2-lane 3-lane
R = R2 + R3 = 1451.1 1451.1 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh 69.09 86.4 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 -57.48 -40.51 KN
Page No. 14 of 117

1lane 70R
+1lane ClassA 2L
ClassA
1.0 Vertical Load V 1390.8 1273.59 1451.1 1451.1

Load Case Vertical Horizontal Force (kN) ML (KN- MT (KN-m)
Load V HL HT m)
Case 1 : Max. M T Case (LL1)
a) 1L Class 70R (W) 1135.38 245.90 0.00 40.72 3298.27
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 1039.67 225.66 0.00 0.00 2963.05
c) 2L Class A 1184.59 190.53 0.00 136.82 3079.93
d) 1L Class A 592.29 176.35 0.00 68.41 2487.64
a) 1 L Class 70R (W) 1066.41 335.03 0.00 853.13 3097.92
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 819.37 265.14 0.00 655.50 2335.22
c) 2L Class A 1020.37 220.41 0.00 816.30 2652.97
d) 2L Class A 1020.37 254.34 0.00 816.30 714.26
Case 3 : Max. Reaction Case (LL3)
a) 1L Class 70R (W) 1390.84 272.94 0.00 49.88 4040.38
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 1273.59 257.39 0.00 0.00 3629.73
c) 2L Class A 1451.12 197.07 0.00 167.60 3772.92
d) 2L Class A 1451.12 213.73 0.00 167.60 1015.79
Page No. 15 of 117

3.0 CARRIAGEWAY LIVE LOAD (Normal case)
Multiplication factor 0.245
Radius, R = 1E+09 m
2
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos(φ/2)] or 2/3*R[-cos(φ/2)]
Where, φ = L/2R, R (left) = 1000000000 m L (left) = 35 m
R (right) = 1000000000 m L (right) = 35 m
Eccentricity due to curvature (left) = 0.000 m Right 0.000 m
3.1 MAXIMUM TRANSVERSE MOMENT CASE

(a)1-lane Class 70R wheeled Loading
245 kN
0.75 9.00 0.75 1.50 0.50
1.2 2.79
0.86
12.50
Section showing location of 70R wheeled loading
3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37 m CG of all loads =5.124m
3rd 170kN load is placed at 80 120 120 170 170 170 170 kN from extrem right 17t
center of support A & B towards 13.4
support B for max Reaction. 3.228 1.690
1 2 3 4
120 kN 125 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (fixed bearing)= 120.05 - 108.448 11.60 = KN

R2 (free bearing)= (33.4 - 3.228)/33.4 * 120.05 108.45 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 1.69)/33.4 * 124.95 118.63 KN
R4 (free bearing)= 124.95 - 118.628 = 6.32 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 227.08 KN
Transverse eccentricity 12.5/2-0.75-1.2-2.79/2+ 1.11022302462516E-07
= 2.905 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh =120.05*0.2 = 24.01 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh =124.95*0.2 = 24.99 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = -75.52 KN
Page No. 16 of 117

(b)1-lane Class 70R Tracked Loading
171.5 kN
0.75 9.0 0.75 1.50 0.50
1.2 2.9
0.84
12.50
4.57
0.3425 0.3425
1 2 3 4
86 kN 86 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (fixed bearing)= 85.75 - 84.871 = 0.88 KN

R2 (free bearing)= (33.4 - 0.34)/33.4x85.75 = 84.87 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 0.34)/33.4x85.75 = 84.87 KN
R4 (free bearing)= 85.75 - 84.871 = 0.88 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 169.74 KN
Transverse eccentricity 12.5/2-0.75-1.2-2.9/2 +0.000 = 2.850 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh =85.75x0.2 = 17.15 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh =85.75x0.2 = 17.15 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = -81.85 KN
Page No. 17 of 117

(c) Class A Loading
135.73 kN 135.73 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.5 0.5
0.15 1.2
2.3 2.3
0.5
12.50
Section showing location of 2-lane Class A loading
2nd 114kN load from right is placed 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.3 1.2 3.2 1.1 m CG of all loads =9.091m
at center of support A & B towards 68 68 68 68 114 114 27 27 kN from extreme right

support B for max Reaction. 18.8 27kN load.
(i) 1-lane Class A Loading 8 0.633
A B
67 kN 69 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
1-lane 2-lane
R1 (fixed bearing)= 66.64 - 50.679 15.96 31.92 KN
R2 (free bearing)= (33.4 - 8.00)/33.4x66.64 50.68 101.36 KN
R4 (free bearing)= 69.09+0.00 - 67.781 1.31 2.62 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 118.46 236.92 KN
Eccentricity Class A (1 Lane) Loading only 12.5/2-0.75-0.15-2.3/2 +0.000 4.20 2.60 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh =66.64x0.2 13.33 13.33 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh =69.09x0.2 13.82 13.82 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 -83.71 -86.20 KN
Page No. 18 of 117

CLASS A
COMPONENTS 70R Wheeled 70R Tracked CLASS A 1L
2L
1.0 Vertical Load V 227.1 169.74 236.9 118.5

245 kN 0
0.75 9 0.75 1.5 0.5
1.2 2.79 3.26 2.3
0.86
12.50
170kN load.
C A B D
245 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (free bearing)= 245+0-213.28 = 31.7 KN

R2 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 4.32)/33.4x245+(33.4 - 8.291)/33.4x0 = 213.28 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 213.3 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2+µxR1-µxR3 = -69.33 KN
Page No. 19 of 117

171.5 kN 0 kN
0.75 9.00 0.75 1.5 0.5
1.2 2.9 3.15 2.9
0.84
12.50
0 kN 2.285
8.291 1.485
C A B D
172 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
R1 (free bearing)= 171.5+0.00 - 163.875 = 7.63 KN

R2 (fixed bearing)= (33.4 - 1.49)/33.4x171.5+(33.4 - 8.291)/33.4x0 = 163.87 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 163.87 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2+µxR1-µxR3 = -77.41 KN
Page No. 20 of 117

135.73 kN 135.73 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.50 0.5
0.15 2.3 2.3
2.3 1.2 1.2
0.5
12.50
27 kN load.
C A B D
136 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
1-lane 2-lane
R = R2 + R3 = 204.1 306.1 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxR1+µxR3 119.91 125.68 KN
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2+µxR1-µxR3 -79.19 -74.79 KN
1lane 70R
+1lane ClassA 2L
ClassA
1.0 Vertical Load V 213.28 163.87 204.07 306.11
Page No. 21 of 117

3.3 MAXIMUM REACTION CASE
245 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.8 1.5 0.8
1.2 2.79 3.26 2.79
0.86
12.75
16 kN 3.228 1.690 17 kN
C A B D
120 kN 125 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8

R2 (free bearing)= 108.45+50.68 = 108.4 KN
R3 (fixed bearing)= 118.63+67.78 = 118.6 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 227.1 KN
Eccentricity = 2.905 m
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = -74.69 KN

171.5 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.00 0.75 1.5 0.8
1.2 2.9 3.15 2.9
0.84
12.75
4.57
4 kN 0.3425 0.3425 4 kN
C A B D
86 kN 86 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8

R = R2 + R3 = = 169.74 KN
Page No. 22 of 117
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 = -81.65 KN

(i) Class A (2 Lane) Loading - one two lane c'way loaded
135.73 kN 136 kN 0 kN
0.75 9 0.75 1.5 0.75
0.15 1.2 1.2
2.3 2.3 2.3
0.5
12.75
8 0.633
C A B D
67 kN 69 kN
0.800 33.4 1.6 33.4 0.8
1-lane 2-lane
R = R2 + R3 = 236.9 236.9 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh 13.818 17.3 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1+Fh2)/2-µxR2+µxR4 -86.20 -82.81 KN
Page No. 23 of 117

1lane 70R
+1lane ClassA 2L
ClassA
1.0 Vertical Load V 227.1 169.74 236.9 236.9
Load Case Vertical Horizontal Force (kN) ML (KN- MT (KN-m)
HL HT
Load V m)
Case 1 : Max. M T Case (LL1)
a) 1L Class 70R (W) 227.08 125.01 0.00 8.14 659.65
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 169.74 116.15 0.00 0.00 483.76
c) 2L Class A 236.92 113.93 0.00 27.36 615.99
d) 2L Class A 118.46 111.10 0.00 13.68 497.53
a) 1L Class 70R (W) 213.28 142.83 0.00 170.63 619.58
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 163.87 128.86 0.00 131.10 467.04
c) 2L Class A 204.07 119.91 0.00 163.26 530.59
d) 2L Class A 306.11 125.68 0.00 244.89 214.28
Case 3 : Max. Reaction Case (LL3)
a) 1L Class 70R (W) 227.08 125.85 0.00 8.14 659.65
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 169.74 116.36 0.00 0.00 483.76
c) 2L Class A 236.92 113.93 0.00 27.36 615.99
d) 2L Class A 236.92 117.26 0.00 27.36 165.84
Page No. 24 of 117

5.0 Wind Loads on Structure
Wind Load as per clause no. 209 of IRC 6:2017
Tranverse wind Force FT = PZxA1xGxCD
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 25% of FT
Vertical wind Force FV = PZxA3xGxCL
Left Span (c/c of exp gap) = 35.00 m
Right Span (c/c of exp gap) = 35.00 m
Overall width- Left Span = 12.50 m
Overall width- Right Span = 12.50 m
Depth of superstructure -Left Span = 2.45 m
Depth of superstructure -Right Span = 2.45 m
where, Pz = The design wind pressure at the location of the bridge.
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =35/2x(2.45+1.05+0.065)+35/2x(2.45+1.05+0.065) = 124.775 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure =35x12.5/2+35x12.5/2 = 437.500 sqm
Type of Superstructure : Two beam/Box girder
b/d ratio for the Superstructure : =3/2.45 = 1.2
CD = Drag coefficient for the Superstructure = 2.25
(For slab bridge, CD =1.1, For Single beam/Box girder, CD =1.5 for b/d<=2.0, CD =1.3 for b/d>=6.0 and inbetween interpolated CD to be considered)
G = Gust Factor (If Span<=150, G=2, Otherwise Wind tunnel testing required) = 2.0
CL = Lift coefficient = 0.75
5.1 Wind load on Unloaded structure
Bridge situated in : = Plain Terrain
Bearing Level of fixed bearing = 375.960 m
Ground level = 364.000 m
Pier base Level = 367.800 m
Wind Speed & design wind pressfor Basic wind speed of 33 m/s
Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 39m/s
2
2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s)Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 32.85 647.6 21.0 266.1
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 34.51 715.8 23.2 321.9
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 35.81 769.0 24.8 370.5
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 37.11 824.3 26.9 436.0
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 39.12 920.7 29.4 517.3
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 39.71 944.6 30.3 548.8
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 40.18 968.7 31.0 576.6
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 40.65 993.3 31.8 605.2
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 41.25 1018.2 32.5 634.4
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 41.72 1043.3 33.3 664.3
Average Height of superstructure =378.5-367.8+1.05-(2.45+1.05)/2 = 10 m
2
2
2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation.
=35/2x(2.45+1.05+0.065)+35/2x(2.45+1.05+0.065) = 124.775 sqm
Page No. 25 of 117

Tranverse wind Force FT = 545.5 kN wind force acting at 376.718 m
Longitudinal wind Force FL 136.4 kN wind force acting at 375.960 m
Vertical wind Force FV = 425.0 kN
b) Wind load on Substructure

Drag coefficient for the Pierfor
: Circle with smooth finish. = 0.50
2
2
Tranverse wind Force for pier cap =10.5 kN Moment at pierbase = 111 kN-m
= kN
Longitudinal wind Force for pier cap 2.6 28 kN-m
5.2 Wind load on loaded structure

Wind Speed & design wind press for Basic wind speed of 33 m/s
Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 36m/s
2
2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s)Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 30.33 551.84 19.42 226.71
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 31.85 609.92 21.38 274.31
20 30.3 550.6 21.0 265.3 20 33.05 655.26 22.91 315.73
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 34.25 702.39 24.87 371.54
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 36.11 784.50 27.16 440.81
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 36.65 804.85 27.93 467.58
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 37.09 825.44 28.58 491.27
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 37.53 846.39 29.35 515.66
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 38.07 867.57 30.00 540.54
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 38.51 888.99 30.76 566.00
Average Height of superstructure = 10 m
2
Lower bound Height = 10 m 0 = 551.8 N/m
2
2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =35/2x(2.45+0.065)+35/2x(2.45+0.065) = 88.025 sqm
Tranverse wind Force FT = = 218.6 kN acting at 377.243 m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = = 54.6 kN acting at 375.960 m
Vertical wind Force FV = = 362.1 kN
Page No. 26 of 117

b) Wind load on live load :
Wind load on the exposed frontal area of the Live load has been calculated as per Cl. No. 209.3.6
of IRC 6: 2017. As per clause 209.3.7 the bridges shall not be considered to be carrying any live load
when the wind speed at deck level exceeds 36m/s.
Average Height of superstructure
=378.5+0.065-367.8+3/2 12.265 m
2
Lower bound Height = 10 m Pz = 551.8 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 15 m Pz = 609.9 N/m
2
Design Wind Pressure for height = 12.27 m Pz = 578.1 N/m
Drag coefficient for the Superstructure, Cd : = 1.2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =35/2x3+35/2x3 = 105 sqm
Summary of wind Force for loaded structure
Tranverse wind Force FT = 145.7 kN acting at 380.065 m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 36.4 kN acting at 375.960 m
c) Wind load on Substructure

Drag coefficient for the Pierfor
: Circle with smooth finish. = 0.50
2
2
= kN
Longitudinal wind Force for pier cap 2.2 24 kN-m
Page No. 27 of 117

5.3 Water Current Forces
Hydraulic Data for Bridge over river Gouri:
1) Discharge = 7453.0 Cumec
2) Velocity = 3.0 m/sec
3) HFL = 372.5 m
4) Normal Scour Depth = 3.8 m
5) Scour Level Near Pier at normal case = 353.0 m
6) Scour Level Near Pier at Seismic case = 353.0 m
O
7) Skew of river = 0
a) Normal Case with 0O to Normal

Constant "K" for circular pier = 0.66
= 6.2 kN/sqm 19.475 Pilecap Top
Pier Width at HFL : = 2.00 m 14.800 Scour Lvl
Pier Width at base : = 2.00 m 353.00
Force at HFL : = 12.36 kN/m
Force at pier base : = 9.39 kN/m


Constant "K" for pile cap = 1.500
O
b) Normal Case with 20 to Normal HFL
Maximum Tranverse velocity ==sqrt(2)V3.99 m/s
Force at HFL : = 10.91 kN/m 4.15 367.80

Page No. 28 of 117

2
Pressure (= 52KV ) = 72.26 kg/sqm 19.475 Wellcap Top
= 0.72 kN/sqm 0.55 367.80

c) Seismic Case with 0O to Normal

Constant "K" for pier = 0.66

O
d) Seismic Case with 20 to Normal HFL
Maximum Tranverse velocity ==sqrt(2)V3.99 m/s
Force at HFL : = 10.91 kN/m 4.15 367.80

Page No. 29 of 117

2
Pressure (= 52KV ) = 72.26 kg/sqm 19.475 Wellcap Top
= 0.72 kN/sqm 0.55 367.80

Page No. 30 of 117

6.0 Seismic Forces
Seismic forces on the structure are calculated as per IRC : 6 - 2017  z  S a 
Horizontal Seismic force, Fh Ah x (Dead Load + Appropriate Live Load)    
 2  g 
Ah =
Where, Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient  R 
 
 I 
z = zone factor = For Zone III = 0.16
R = Response Reduction factor = = 3
2
Young Modulus, E = Grade of concrete for pier = 40 Mpa = 33346 kN/m
Sa/g = Average Response Acceleration Coefficient
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
T = Fundamental Natural Time Period of Pier/Abutment D
T = 2.0
1000 F
Total Dead Load + SIDL =2x(4381.315+357.874) = 9478.4 kN
Live Load , assume 20% effect to be considered = 380.73 kN
D = Appropriate Dead Load of Superstructure and Live Load in kN = 9859.108 kN
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection = 3EI/L3
Moment of inertia has been calculated based on base section of pier
L = Height of Pier =375.4925-367.8 = 7.693 m
Size of pier along Longitudinal direction i.e. width of pier = 2.000 m
Size of pier along Tranverse direction i.e. depth of pier = 3.600 m
4
For Longitudinal Direction, I = 2.400 m
4
For Transeverse Direction, I = 7.776 m
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection in long direction = 527.44 kN
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection in tranverse direction = 1708.90 kN
F (For Londitudinal Direction) = 527.44 kN T= 0.268 Sec
F (For Transeverse Direction) = 1708.9 kN T= 0.149 Sec
So, Sa/g for long direction = 2.500
So, Sa/g for tranverse direction = 2.500
Seismic coefficient
Horizontal coefficient -Longitudinal 0.16/2x2.500/(3/1.2) = 0.080
Vertical coefficient for tranverse seismic 0.0533
Horizontal coefficient -Transverse 0.16/2x2.500/(3/1.2) = 0.080
Seismic - Longitudinal Direction
Component Vertical Seismic Horizontal Seismic Force (KN) Acting @ RL Pier Cap Long.
Force (KN) (m) Top Level moment on
(m) pier base
(kN-m)
1. DL of Superstructure 467.34 701.01 375.960 375.49 327.7
2. SIDL 38.17 57.26 375.960 375.49 26.8
3. Wt. of Pier Cap+Pedstal 71.97 107.95 374.593 367.8 733.3
4. Pier 24.68 37.02 370.746 367.8 109.1
TOTAL FORCE 602.16 903.25
7.0 Design of Pier Cap
11.00
1.00 R1 3 R2 3.00 3.00 1.00
R3 R4
D C B A
11.00 0.9
0.90 1.80
3.700 δ
0
2.70 3.60 2.70 The equivalent squre
width of column =
0.000 3.19 m
2.700 3.60 2.700
Depth of section A-A = 1.800 m

Depth of section B-B = 1.800 m
Depth of section C-C = 1.508 m
Depth of section D-D = 1.143 m
tanδ = 0.250
Section of pier cap, Pier along Transverse direction
3
1.6
CG of Pier cap = 0.783 m

0.9 below top of pier cap
1.80
0.90
CG of piercap from bearing =
1.25 m
2.00
Section of pier cap, Pier along Longitudinal direction

7.1 Load Calculation
Nos. of bearing For left span = 4 For left span = 4
50% Impact for 70R Wheeled or Class-A Loading IF = 0.5*4.5/(L+6) = 5.711 %
a) Section at face of pier Section A-A
SL. No. Loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) e (m) M (kN-m) T (kN-m)
1 Dead load
1.8x3.700x3x25 499.50 1.850 924.08
-0.9/2x3.70x3x25 -124.88 2.467 -308.03
2 Wt of pedestal for R1
(0.9x0.9x2x0.2x25 8.100 2.700 21.87
Wt of pedestal for R2 8.100 0.000 0.00
Seismic Restrainer 54.892 3.450 189.38
3 Dead load of girder & slab
R1 for Left Span 1040.65 2.700 2809.76
R1 for Right Span 1040.65 2.700 2809.76 0
R2 for Left Span 1057.33 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 1057.33 0.000 0.00 0
Total Dead load 4641.67 6446.81 0.00
Page No. 33 of 118

4 SIDL on girder
R1 for Left Span 120.89 2.700 326.40
R1 for Right Span 120.89 2.700 326.40 0
R2 for Left Span 102.73 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 102.73 0.000 0.00 0
Total SIDL 447.24 652.81 0.00
5 Wind load on unloaded structure
V = 425.02 0.00
HL = 136.37
HT = 545.47
R1 for Left Span 53.13 17.046 68.18 2.700 143.44
R1 for Right Span 53.13 17.046 68.18 2.700 143.44 42.61
R2 for Left Span 53.13 17.046 68.18 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 53.13 17.046 68.18 0.000 0.00 42.61
Total Wind Load 212.51 68.18 272.73 286.89 85.23
6 Wind load on loaded structure
V = 362.15 0.00
HL = 91.07
HT = 364.28
R1 for Left Span 45.27 11.384 45.54 2.700 122.22
R1 for Right Span 45.27 11.384 45.54 2.700 122.22 28.46
R2 for Left Span 45.27 11.384 45.54 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 45.27 11.384 45.54 0.000 0.00 28.46
Total Wind Load 181.07 45.54 182.14 244.45 56.92
7 a) Live load- 70R Wheeled
70R wheeled load creates max shear &
V = 1390.84
moment. Girder reaction due to live load is
MT = 4040.38
HL = 272.94
HT = 0.00
R1 for Left Span 385.80 34.118 0.000 2.700 1041.67
R1 for Right Span 385.80 34.118 0.000 2.700 1041.67 85.29
R2 for Left Span 251.12 34.118 0.000 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 251.12 34.118 0.000 0.000 0.00 85.29
Total Live Load at normal case 1273.85 136.47 0.00 2083.33 170.59
8 a) Live load- 70R Wheeled for seismic case
V = 227.08
MT = 659.65
HL = 125.85
HT = 0.00
R1 for Left Span 62.99 15.732 0.000 2.700 170.07
R1 for Right Span 62.99 15.732 0.000 2.700 170.07 39.33
R2 for Left Span 41.00 15.732 0.000 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 41.00 15.732 0.000 0.000 0.00 39.33
Total Live Load at seismic case 207.98 62.93 0.00 340.14 78.66
9 Seismic load of superstructure
R1 for Left Span 124.33 0 186.49 2.700 335.69
R1 for Right Span 124.33 0 186.49 2.700 335.69 0.00
R2 for Left Span 124.17 0 186.26 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 124.17 0 186.26 0.000 0.00 0.00
Dead load seismic 19.98 29.97 1.644 32.86
Total Seismic load 516.98 0.00 775.47 704.24 0.00
Page No. 34 of 118

b) At second bearing location Section B-B
1 Dead load
1.80x(3.700-0.000)x3x25 499.50 1.850 924.08
-(1.80-0.9)/2x(3.700-0.000)x3x25 -124.88 2.467 -308.03
2 Wt of pedestal for R1 8.100 2.700
Wt of pedestal for R2 8.100 0.000 0.00
R1 for Left Span 1040.65 2.700 2809.76
R1 for Right Span 1040.65 2.700 2809.76 0
R2 for Left Span 1057.33 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 1057.33 0.000 0.00 0
Total Dead load 4641.67 6424.94 0.00
4 SIDL on girder
R1 for Left Span 120.89 2.700 326.40
R1 for Right Span 120.89 2.700 326.40 0
R2 for Left Span 102.73 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 102.73 0.000 0.00 0
Total SIDL 447.24 652.81 0.00
R1 for Left Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 2.700 143.44
R1 for Right Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 2.700 143.44 42.61
R2 for Left Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 0.000 0.00 42.61
Total Wind Load 212.51 68.18 272.73 286.89 85.23
R1 for Left Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 2.700 122.22
R1 for Right Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 2.700 122.22 28.46
R2 for Left Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 0.000 0.00 28.46
Total Wind Load 181.07 45.54 182.14 244.45 56.92
R1 for Left Span 385.80 34.12 0.00 2.700 1041.67
R1 for Right Span 385.80 34.12 0.00 2.700 1041.67 85.29
R2 for Left Span 251.12 34.12 0.00 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 251.12 34.12 0.00 0.000 0.00 85.29
R1 for Left Span 62.99 15.73 0.00 2.700 170.07
R1 for Right Span 62.99 15.73 0.00 2.700 170.07 39.33
R2 for Left Span 41.00 15.73 0.00 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 41.00 15.73 0.00 0.000 0.00 39.33
R1 for Left Span 124.33 0.00 186.49 2.700 335.69
R1 for Right Span 124.33 0.00 186.49 2.700 335.69 0.00
R2 for Left Span 124.17 0.00 186.26 0.000 0.00
R2 for Right Span 124.17 0.00 186.26 0.000 0.00 0.00
Page No. 35 of 118

c) Inbetween two bearing of cantilever arm Section C-C
1 Dead load
1.508x(1.00+3.0/2)x3x25 282.77 1.250 353.46
-(1.508-0.9)/2x(1.00+3.0/2)x3x25 -57.01 1.667 -95.02
2 Wt of pedestal for R1 8.100 0.750 6.08
R1 for Left Span 1040.65 0.750 780.49
R1 for Right Span 1040.65 0.750 780.49 0
Total Dead load 2370.05 1907.83 0.00
4 SIDL on girder
R1 for Left Span 120.89 0.750 90.67
R1 for Right Span 120.89 0.750 90.67 0
Total SIDL 241.78 181.34 0.00
R1 for Left Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 0.750 39.85
R1 for Right Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 0.750 39.85 42.61
Total Wind Load 106.25 34.09 136.37 79.69 42.61
R1 for Left Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 0.750 33.95
R1 for Right Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 0.750 33.95 28.46
Total Wind Load 90.54 22.77 91.07 67.90 28.46
R1 for Left Span 385.80 34.12 0.00 0.750 289.35
R1 for Right Span 385.80 34.12 0.00 0.750 289.35 85.29
R1 for Left Span 62.99 15.73 0.00 0.750 47.24
R1 for Right Span 62.99 15.73 0.00 0.750 47.24 39.33
R1 for Left Span 124.33 0.00 186.49 0.750 93.25
R1 for Right Span 124.33 0.00 186.49 0.750 93.25 0.00
d) At first bearing location Section D-D

1 Dead load
1.143x(1.00)x3x25 85.74 0.500 42.87
-(1.143-0.9)/2x(1.00)x3x25 -9.12 0.667 -6.08
2 Wt of pedestal for R1 8.100 0.000
R1 for Left Span 1040.65 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 1040.65 0.000 0.00 0
Total Dead load 2166.02 36.79 0.00
4 SIDL on girder
R1 for Left Span 120.89 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 120.89 0.000 0.00 0
Total SIDL 241.78 0.00 0.00
R1 for Left Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 53.13 17.05 68.18 0.000 0.00 42.61
Total Wind Load 106.25 34.09 136.37 0.00 42.61
R1 for Left Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 45.27 11.38 45.54 0.000 0.00 28.46
Total Wind Load 90.54 22.77 91.07 0.00 28.46
R1 for Left Span 385.80 34.12 0.00 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 385.80 34.12 0.00 0.000 0.00 85.29
Page No. 36 of 118
R1 for Left Span 62.99 15.73 0.00 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 62.99 15.73 0.00 0.000 0.00 39.33
R1 for Left Span 124.33 0.00 186.49 0.000 0.00
R1 for Right Span 124.33 0.00 186.49 0.000 0.00 0.00
7.2 Summary of Moment

Sl No. Type of loads Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D
1 Dead load 6446.81 6424.94 1907.83 36.79
2 SIDL 652.81 652.81 181.34 0.00
3 Wind load for unloaded structure 286.89 286.89 79.69 0.00
4 Wind load for loaded structure 244.45 244.45 67.90 0.00
5 Live load for normal case 2083.33 2083.33 578.70 0.00
6 Live load for Seismic case 340.14 340.14 94.48 0.00
7 Seismic case 704.24 704.24 202.81 2.12
7.3 Summary of Torsion

1 Dead load 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 Seismic case 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7.4 Summary of Shear

1 Dead load 4641.67 4641.67 2370.05 2166.02
2 SIDL 447.24 447.24 241.78 241.78
7 Seismic case 516.98 516.98 260.70 252.75
7.5 Load Combination - Ultimate limit state

1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
2) Dead load +SIDL+ wind load
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead)+ wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany)+wind load(lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany)+Seismic
Load Case DL SIDL Wind load LL(Nor) LL(Seis) Seismic
1 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 1.35 1.75 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 0.9 1.5
3 (b) 1 1 0.9 1.5
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.15
4 (b) 1 1 1.5 1.15
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 0 0.2 1.5
5 (b) 1 1 0 0.2 1.5
Page No. 37 of 118

Maximum moment (kN-m per m width) Maximum Shear (kN per m width)
Load Case Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D
1 12970.60 12941.1 3760.97 49.67 8959.70 8959.70 4780.09 4504.65
2 10212.27 10182.7 2994.77 49.67 7320.53 7320.53 3758.49 3483.05
3 (a) 13190.60 13161.1 3822.08 49.67 9122.66 9122.66 4861.57 4586.13
3 (b) 10444.61 10422.7 3018.34 36.79 7162.65 7162.65 3850.72 3646.69
4 (a) 12608.10 12578.6 3660.27 49.67 8785.46 8785.46 4645.83 4370.39
4 (b) 9862.12 9840.2 2856.53 36.79 6825.44 6825.44 3634.98 3430.95
5 (a) 10969.98 10940.5 3216.03 52.85 7865.99 7865.99 4038.93 3751.56
5 (b) 8223.99 8202.1 2412.28 39.98 5905.98 5905.98 3028.08 2812.12
Max moment13190.60 13161.1 3822.08 52.85 9122.66 9122.66 4861.57 4586.13
Min moment 8223.99 8202.12 2412.28 36.79 5905.98 5905.98 3028.08 2812.12
Max Tension 273.21 kN
Maximum Torsion (kN-m per m width)

Load Case Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D
1 334.54 334.54 167.27 167.27
2 164.04 164.04 82.02 82.02
3 (a) 385.77 385.77 192.88 192.88
3 (b) 385.77 385.77 192.88 192.88
4 (a) 360.22 360.22 180.11 180.11
4 (b) 360.22 360.22 180.11 180.11
5 (a) 78.66 78.66 39.33 39.33
5 (b) 78.66 78.66 39.33 39.33
Max moment 385.77 385.77 192.88 192.88

0.013688 17.87
118 14686 kN
NA NA
1800
342.50
14686 kN
3000 0.00350 14686 kN

Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 33346 MPa Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Max Tension = 273.21 kN Ast1 = 0.63 mm2
Total reinf. reqd. = 18916 mm2
Hence provide
Page No. 38 of 118

Distance
Effective Strain at Stress at
Diameter Area of CG
Layer Nos Depth , d ULS ULS
(mm) (mm2) from top
(mm) condition condition
(mm)
b1 32 21 16889.20 86.00 1714.00 0.01402 434.78
b2 32 21 16889.20 150.00 1650.00 0.01336 434.78
b3 32 0 0.00 214.00 1586.00 0.01271 434.78

Balanced neutral axis depth = 767.04 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 342.5 mm 0.0
Total ultimate compressive force = 14686 kN Total ultimate tensile force == 14686 kN
Torsion Torsional shear stess τt.i = TED / 2Aktef.i

Where, TED = Torsion Ak = Area enclosed by centerline of reinf.
tef.i = Effective wall thickness i.e A/u A = Total area u = Outer perimeter
zi = Side length of wall uk = Perimeter enclosed by Ak
Sum of Asl = TED * uk/ 2Akfyd Cotθ VEdi = τt,i*tef.i*zi
b = 3000 mm d = 1800 mm
bi = 2828 mm di = 1628 mm
Ak = 4603984 mm2 uk = 8912 mm
A = 5400000 mm2 u = 9600 mm
tef.i = 563 mm zi = 1628 mm
TED = 385.77 kN-m Torsional shear stess τ 0.074 Mpa
VEdi = 68.2 kN Cotθ = 1
Reinf. shall be proportionately distributed. Asl = 859 mm2
Asl at side 313.7 mm2 Asl at top 545 mm2
TRd.max = 2 v acw fcd Ak tef.isin θ cos θ
Description Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D

Moment 13190.60 13161.08 3822.08 52.85
Torsion (kN-m) 385.77 385.77 192.88 192.88
Tension (kN) 273.21 273.21 273.21 273.21
Width 3000 3000.00 3000.00 3000
Overall depth 1800 1800 1508 1143
effective depth, d 1682 1682 1390 1025
di 1628 1628 1336 971
R = Mu/bd2 1.55 1.55 0.66 0.02
pt 0.00375 0.00374 0.00155 0.00004
Ast required for bending 18915.6 18871.1 6445.6 118.6
Ast required for Tension 628.4 628.4 628.4 628.4
Ast required for Torsion 545.0 545.0 332.0 456.8
Ast required for shear 17848.9 17859.8 10388.7 11373.8
Total reinforcement 37937.9 37904.2 17794.8 12577.6
Ast provided 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4
Check O.K O.K O.K O.K
Actual NA 342 342 342 342
Strain in steel 0.0137 0.0137 0.0107 0.0070
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total ultimate tensile force = 14686 14686 14686 14686
Total ultimate compressive force 14686 14686 14686 14686
Moment of resistance 22610 22610 18323 12965
Factor of Safety 1.7 1.7 4.8 245.3
Page No. 39 of 118
7.7 Shear design
VED= Design Shear Force of the concrete section = 9122.7 kN
VRd.s = The design value of shear force by yielding of shear reinforcement
Vccd = The design value of shear force due to inclined compression chord = Mtanδ/d
Vtd = The design value of shear force due to inclined tension chord
VED= VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd Vtd = 0 Vccd = 1960.6 kN
VRD,C= Design Shear Resistance of the concrete section [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33+0.15σCP]bwd
z = 1540 mm
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.34
vmin = 0.031K^1.5xfck^0.5 = 0.31 MPa
p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 = 0.0067
σCP = = 0.00 MPa
VRD,C = 2238.6 kN < 9122.7 kN Hence shear reinf. reqd.
Concrete Strength (fcd) : = 17.9 Mpa Coeff accounting stress in compression chord ν1 = 0.60
Asw/s ≤ 1/2 acw bw v1 fcd/fywd
acw = 1 ≤ 46.23
VRd.s = VED - Vccd - Vtd =9,122.66-1,960.55-0.00 = 7162.1 kN
z= 1539.52 mm Asv/s required VRD.S/(zxfywd) = 13.37 mm
Minimum Spacing required(ASW/sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk) Asv/s (minimum ) = 2.732 mm
4 -L 16 dia
Asv, provided = 2060.88 mm2 Asv/s provided = 13.739 mm
Hence O.K.
Max VEd = 0.5bwdvfcd v= 0.6*(1-fck/310)
Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maximum shear capacity of pier cap (kN) 23556.7 23556.7 19468.7 14358.7
Shear demand of Beam (kN) 9122.7 9122.7 4861.6 4586.1
Mtanδ/d 1960.55 1956.16 687.37 12.89
Shear due to torsion 68.21 68.21 34.10 34.10
Effective Shear on Beam (kN) 7230.3 7234.7 4208.3 4607.3
Width of beam, b (mm) 3000.0 3000.0 3000.0 3000.0
Effective depth, d 1682.0 1682.0 1390.1 1025.2
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 1539.5 1539.5 1247.6 882.8
K= 1.34 1.34 1.38 1.44
vmin = 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.34
p1 = 0.0067 0.0067 0.0081 0.0110
VRD,C= 2238.58 2238.58 2020.72 1722.36
Check, Shear Reinf.
Shear
reqrd.
Reinf.
Shear
reqrd.
Reinf.Shear
reqrd.Reinf. reqrd.
Asv/s required 13.50 13.51 9.70 15.01
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm)2.732 2.732 2.732 2.732
Area of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 2060.88 2060.88 2060.88 2060.88
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 125 125 125 125
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm2/mm) 16.487 16.487 16.487 16.487
Check O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K.
Page No. 40 of 118

Angle of compression strut θ (degrees) 24.98 24.98 24.98 24.98 2.147
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s (kN) 18952 18952 15359 10867
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord αcw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max 18952 18952 15359 10867
Difference in shear resistance (kN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 18952 18952 15359 10867
Factor of Safety associated with failure 2.62 2.62 3.65 2.36
Longitudinal tensile force ∆Ftd (kN) 7760 7765 4517 4945
Area of steel required for shear due stut & tie model17849 17860 10389 11374
7.8 Servicebility limit State Method
Moment
1 Dead load 6446.81 6424.94 1907.83 36.79
2 SIDL 652.81 652.81 181.34 0.00
7.8.1 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1) As per table 3.3 of IRC 6:2017
1) Dead load +SIDL
2) Dead load +SIDL+Wind load
3) Dead load +SIDL+Wind load(lead)+Live Load(accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Wind load(accompany)+Live Load(lead)
Load Case DL SIDL Wind load LL(Max)
1 1 1.2
2 (a) 1 1.2 1
2 (b) 1 1 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.75
3 (b) 1 1 1 0.75
4 (a) 1 1.2 0.6 1
4 (b) 1 1 0.6 1
7.8.2 Load Combination for Quasi-permanent (SL3) Load Case DL SIDL

1) Dead load +SIDL 1 (a) 1 1.2
2) Dead load +SIDL+Earth pressure+Temp 1 (b) 1 1
Rare combination Quasi-permanent combination

Load Case Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D
1 7230.18 7208.31 2125.44 36.79 7230.18 7208.31 2125.44 36.79
2 (a) 7517.06 7495.19 2205.13 36.79 7099.61 7077.74 2089.17 36.79
2 (b) 7386.50 7364.63 2168.86 36.79
3 (a) 9037.12 9015.25 2627.37 36.79
3 (b) 8906.56 8884.69 2591.10 36.79
4 (a) 9460.17 9438.30 2744.88 36.79
4 (b) 9329.61 9307.74 2708.61 36.79
Max moment9460.17 9438.30 2744.88 36.79 7230.18 7208.31 2125.44 36.79
Min moment 7230.18 7208.31 2125.44 36.79 7099.61 7077.74 2089.17 36.79
7.8.3 Flexure member

Bending Compression of concrete = 14.40 Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of=concrete
2.12 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete 33346 MPa
Creep Coefficient, φ = 1 Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) = 16673MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ec,eff = 12.00 Tensile stress of steel 400Mpa
Width of Section = 3000 mm Depth of Section 1800mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Effective depth, d 1682mm
Design Moment = 9460 kN-m
Minimum reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd 4804.80 mm2
Page No. 41 of 118

Hence provide
Distance
Effective Strain at Stress at
Diameter Area of CG
Layer Nos Depth , d SLS SLS
(mm) (mm2) from top
(mm) condition condition
(mm)
b1 32 21 16889 86 1714.00 0.00096 192.27
b2 32 21 16889 150 1650.00 0.00091 181.68
b3 32 0 0 214 1586.00 0.00086 171.09
Total Area= 33778 mm2 CG = 1682 mm Force 6316 kN
Balanced neutral axis depth = = 507.29 mm Actual neutral axis depth 552.39 mm 0.00
Strain in steel = 0.00093 Stress in steel 187.0 MPa
Comp. stress of concrete = 7.62 Mpa 0.000
0.00046 7.62
6315.75
552.39
NA NA
186.98
0.00093
Section is over reinforced,
Total compressive force = 6315.75 kN Total tensile force 6315.75 kN
Compressive force CG = 184.13 mm Moment of resistance 9460.17 kNm
Rare combination Quasi-permanent combination

Description Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D Sec. A-A Sec. B-B Sec.C-C Sec. D-D
h or D 1800 1800 1508 1143 1800 1800 1508 1143
b 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000
d 1682 1682 1390 1025 1682 1682 1390 1025
Moment 9460.17 9438.30 2744.88 36.79 7230.18 7208.31 2125.44 36.79
Ast provided 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4
Stress in concrete 7.62 7.60 3.03 0.07 5.83 5.81 2.35 0.07
Actual NA 552 552 492 408 552 552 492 408
Stress in steel 187.0 186.5 66.3 1.2 142.9 142.5 51.3 1.2
Total ultimate tensile force6316
= 6301 2239 41 4827 4812 1734 41
Total ultimate compressive6316
force 6301 2239 41 4827 4812 1734 41
Compressive force CG 184.1 184.1 164.1 136.1 184.1 184.1 164.1 136.1
Moment of resistance 9460 9438 2745 37 7230 7208 2125 37
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Where,
σsc = 142.90 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 11.996
Stress in outer reinf. = 151.18 Mpa
kt = 0.5 hc,eff=min of [2.5(h-d),(h-x/3),h/2]=295.0 mm
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.0004287
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 32.0 mm k2 = 0.5
< 0.3 mm OK
Page No. 42 of 118

Stress in outer reinf. 151.2 150.7 54.3 1.3
As 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4 33778.4
Actual NA 552 552 492 408
hc,eff 295.0 295.0 295.0 295.0
ρp,eff 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038
εsm-εcm 0.00055 0.00055 0.00016 0.00000
φeq 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0
Crack width, Wk 0.211 0.210 0.062 0.001
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
7.9 Side face reinforcement

Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 4804.80 mm2
hence provide 21 Nos. 20 dia at bottom Ast = 6597.34 mm2
OK
Side face reinf. 0.1% bd = 3696.00 mm2
Hence provide 10 Nos. 16 dia on each span Ast = 4021.2 mm2
7.10 Design of pier cap by Truss Mechanism along Longitudinal Direction

Longitudinal Direction for R1 3000
P1 = 1596.66 kN P1 1600 P2
P2 = 1596.66 kN
o
φ= 34.43
Tension at Top = =PxTan φ
= 1094.4 kN 1168
Area of steel required = 2736.0 mm2
d= 1049.6 mm
Width of dispersion= 1500 mm
Area of steel per m = 1824 mm2/m 3600
Hence provide 20 T @ 150 C/C Ast = 4188.79 mm2/m
20 T @ 150 C/C Hence O.K.
7.11 Deflection at cantilever edge

5 4 3 2 1
A B
3.7 m
b= 3m Ec, eff= = 16673 Mpa considering creep

Cumulati
Moment Moment of
Section Distance ve Depth I M/EI
(kN-m) M/EI about B
distance
1 0.000 0.000 0.900 0.18225 0.00 0
2 1.000 1.000 1.143 0.37356 36.79 5.907E-06 0.00000
3 1.500 2.500 1.508 0.85751 2744.88 0.000192 0.00026
4 1.500 4.000 1.800 1.45800 9438.30 0.0003883 0.00141
5 -0.300 3.700 1.800 1.45800 9460.17 0.0003892 -0.00045
Total 0.00123 m
So, Total deflection = = 1.23 mm = L/ 3016
7.12 Details of Pedestal

Size of pedestal = 1000 mm x 1000 mm x 425 mm (min)
Minimum reinforcement for pedestal column as per cl.no. 16.2.2(1) of IRC:112-2011 = 0.15 %
Area of reinf reqd. = 1500 mm2
Hence provide Main reinforcement 24 Nos. 12 T Ast, provided 2714 mm2
Links 6T @ 100 c/c Hence O.K.
Mesh reinf 8T @ 75 c/c
Page No. 43 of 118

7.13 Details of Seismic restrainer
So, actual horizontal force = 758.27 kN
Minimum interface reinforcementof pedestal 0.15 %
16 Nos. 25 T
Links 12 L- 12 T @ 125 c/c As, stirrups = 10857.3 mm2/m
Hence O.K.

Shear = 1137.41 kN
b= 3000 mm D= 355.00 mm d= 280.5 mm
a/d = = 4.456 < 1.0
Hence Corbal effect
Vu/bd = 1.352 N/mm2 < 4.67 N/mm2
Avf = Vu/(0.87xfsy) = 2614.72 mm2 < 10857 mm2
Af = M/(0.87xfsyx0.9d) = 12946.7 mm2 < 15708 mm2
/
(0.04xfc/fsy)xbxd = 2692.80 mm2 < Hence O.K.
Vedi = β Ved/zbi
z= Lever arm
fcd = αcc*fck/γmwhere, αcc =0.67 and γm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa

ρ = As/Aj = 0.01475
Page No. 44 of 118

Flexure Design
Section is over reinforced
> 1422 Hence O.K.
Shear Design
Hence Provide 12 - L 12 dia Stirrups @ 125 c/c
Hence O.K.
Details of Seismic restrainer Long Direction

So, actual horizontal force = 758.27 kN
Minimum interface reinforcementof pedestal 0.15 %
12 Nos. 25 T
Links 8 L- 12 T @ 125 c/c As, stirrups = 7238.2 mm2/m
Hence O.K.

Shear = 1137.41 kN
b= 1145 mm D= 560.00 mm d= 485.5 mm
a/d = = 2.575 < 1.0
Hence Corbal effect
Vu/bd = 2.046 N/mm2 < 4.67 N/mm2
Avf = Vu/(0.87xfsy) = 2614.72 mm2 < 7238 mm2
Af = M/(0.87xfsyx0.9d) = 7480.05 mm2 < 11781 mm2
Page No. 45 of 118

Vedi = β Ved/zbi
z= Lever arm
fcd = αcc*fck/γmwhere, αcc =0.67 and γm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa

ρ = As/Aj = 0.01837
Flexure Design
Section is over reinforced, Hence not ok
> 1137 Hence O.K.
Shear Design
Hence Provide 8 -L 12 dia Stirrups @ 125 c/c c/c
Hence O.K.
Page No. 46 of 118

8.0 Design of pier at Pier base - Servicibility limit State & Ultimate limit State
Water at HFL
Pile cap top level = 367.800 m
Seismic data
CG Level of live load seismic = 379.700
8.1 Load and Moment calculation

SL. No. Description V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
1 Dead load of Superstructure 8762.63 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pedestal 168.18 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier cap 1181.25 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier 462.76 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 10574.82 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 50.83 124.21
Normal Case 44O to Normal 5.95 44.88 14.53 109.68
0O to Normal 50.83 124.21
Seismic Case 44O to Normal 5.95 44.88 14.53 109.68
4 Buoyancy -146.87
5 Wind load on unloaded structure 425.02 140.90 425.02 1149.8 5012.3
6 Wind load on loaded structure 362.15 95.74 362.15 778.6 3992.9
Page No. 47 of 117

Max. Tranverse moment 1135.38 245.90 0.00 8.16 8.16 2047.24 3298.27
Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 8.16 8.16 1911.67 1015.79
Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 8.16 8.16 984.24 165.84
Dead load 467.34 701.01 8.16 5720.24
Pedestal 8.97 13.45 8.16 109.79
Pier cap 63.00 94.50 6.91 652.98
Pier 24.68 37.02 2.95 109.07
SIDL 38.17 57.26 8.16 467.24
Total Seismic 602.16 903.25 7059.33
Dead load 467.34 701.01 9.82 6886.03
Pedestal 8.97 13.45 7.69 103.50
Pier cap 63.00 94.50 6.91 652.98
Pier 24.68 37.02 2.95 109.07
SIDL 38.17 57.26 10.93 625.56
Max. Tranverse moment 12.11 18.17 11.90 216.18
Max. Reaction 12.64 18.95 11.90 225.55
Total Seismic
Max. Tranverse moment 614.27 921.41 8593.3
Max. Longitudinal moment 613.54 920.31 8580.2
Max. Reaction 614.80 922.20 8602.7
Page No. 48 of 117

11 Construction stage - one span dislodged
i) Dead load 6193.51 3505.05 0.00
ii) SIDL 178.937 143.15 0.00
iii) Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 0.0 0.0 593.4 2580.23
iv) Construction live load 547.7 438.1 0.00
v) Longitudinal seismic load (Full lateral seismic on fixed bearing)
Dead load 233.67 701.01 8.16 5720.24

Pedestal 8.97 13.45 8.16 109.79
Pier cap 63.00 94.50 6.91 652.98
Pier 24.68 37.02 2.95 109.07
SIDL 9.54 28.63 8.16 233.62
Total long Seismic 339.86 874.62 6825.71
vi) Tranverse seismic load
Dead load 233.67 350.51 9.82 3443.01
Pedestal 8.97 13.45 7.69 103.50
Pier cap 63.00 94.50 6.91 652.98
Pier 24.68 37.02 2.95 109.07
SIDL 9.54 14.31 10.93 156.39
Construction love load 29.21 43.81 11.90 521.38
Total tranverse Seismic 369.07 553.61 4986.34
8.2 Summary of Load and Moment
a) Service stage
1 Dead Load 10574.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 50.83 0.00 124.21
0O to Normal 0.00 50.83 0.00 124.21
4 Buoyancy -146.87
Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 1911.67 1015.79
6 Wind Load - unloaded structure 425.02 140.90 425.02 1149.8 5012.3
Page No. 49 of 117

Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 984.24 165.84
-ve V -602.16 903.25 7059.33 0.00
10 Tranverse seismic +ve V
Max. Reaction 614.80 0.00 922.20 0.00 8602.69
Max. Tranverse moment -ve V -614.27 0.00 921.41 0.00 8593.32
Max. Long. moment -ve V -613.54 0.00 920.31 0.00 8580.19
Max. Reaction -ve V -614.80 0.00 922.20 0.00 8602.69
1 Dead Load 6193.51 0.00 0.00 3505.05 0.00
2 SIDL 178.94 0.00 0.00 143.15 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 50.83 0.00 124.21
0O to Normal 0.00 50.83 0.00 124.21
4 Buoyancy -146.87
5 Construction live load 547.7 0.0 0.0 438.1 0.0
6 Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 593.4 2580.2
-ve V -339.86 874.62 0.00 6825.71 0.00
-ve V -369.07 0.00 553.61 0.00 4986.34
Page No. 50 of 117

8.3 Ultimate limit state
8.3.1 Load Combination -
1) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force
2) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Wind load - unloaded strructure
3) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load+ wind load - loaded structure
4) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load + Longitudinal seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load + Tranverse seismic
6) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+construction live load
7) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+cons. live load+ wind load
8) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+cons. live load+ Longitudinal seismic
9) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+cons. live load+Tranverse seismic
Wind on
Load Water Wind on loaded
DL SIDL Bouyancy LL unloaded Long. Seismic Tranverse Seismic
Case current force structure
structure
1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5

1 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
Norm 1 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
al
Case 1 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
1 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
1 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
2 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
Wind
3 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
Case
3 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
Page No. 51 of 117

4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
4 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
4 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
4 (d) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
4 (e) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
Seism 1 1
4 (f) 1 1 1 1.5
ic
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
case
5 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
5 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
5 (d) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
5 (e) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
5 (f) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
6 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
Normal
6 (b) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
7 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
7 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 1.5
Wind
7 (c) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
7 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 1.5
8 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 0.75
Seism 1 1 0.75
8 (b) 1 1 1
ic
9 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 0.75
case
9 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 0.75
8.3.2 Load & moments at base of pier
Load Case V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m) Meq (kN-m)
1 (a) 17209.60 368.85 50.83 3070.86 5071.62 5928.87
1 (b) 17106.15 508.48 44.88 5394.94 4756.57 7192.38
Normal 1 (c) 17683.22 326.55 44.88 2882.03 1633.36 3312.70
Case 1 (d) 12971.60 368.85 50.83 3070.86 5071.62 5928.87
1 (e) 12868.15 508.48 44.88 5394.94 4756.57 7192.38
1 (f) 13445.22 326.55 44.88 2882.03 1633.36 3312.70
2 16144.06 211.35 688.36 1724.68 7642.72 7834.90
3 (a) 17535.53 455.02 376.76 3771.63 8665.27 9450.51
3 (b) 17432.08 594.66 370.81 6095.71 8350.22 10338.47
Wind
3 (c) 18009.15 412.72 370.81 3582.80 5227.02 6337.05
Case
3 (d) 13297.54 455.02 376.76 3771.63 8665.27 9450.51
3 (e) 13194.09 594.66 370.81 6095.71 8350.22 10338.47
3 (f) 13771.15 412.72 370.81 3582.80 5227.02 6337.05
4 (a) 16512.02 1479.87 50.83 11617.20 783.87 11643.61
4 (b) 16498.23 1503.65 44.88 11939.67 729.27 11961.92
4 (c) 16521.86 1478.08 44.88 11587.77 275.53 11591.04
4 (d) 12274.02 1479.87 50.83 11617.20 783.87 11643.61
4 (e) 12260.23 1503.65 44.88 11939.67 729.27 11961.92
4 (f) 12283.86 1478.08 44.88 11587.77 275.52 11591.04
4 (g) 14705.53 1479.87 50.83 11617.20 783.87 11643.61
4 (h) 14691.73 1503.65 44.88 11939.67 729.27 11961.92
4 (i) 14715.37 1478.08 44.88 11587.77 275.53 11591.04
Page No. 52 of 117

4 (j) 10467.53 1479.87 50.83 11617.20 783.87 11643.61
4 (k) 10453.74 1503.65 44.88 11939.67 729.27 11961.92
Seismic 4 (l) 10477.37 1478.08 44.88 11587.77 275.52 11591.04
case 5 (a) 16530.18 125.01 1432.95 1028.20 13673.85 13712.45
5 (b) 16515.29 148.78 1425.34 1350.67 13599.55 13666.46
5 (c) 16540.81 123.21 1428.18 998.77 13179.56 13217.35
5 (d) 12292.19 125.01 1432.95 1028.20 13673.85 13712.45
5 (e) 12277.29 148.78 1425.34 1350.67 13599.55 13666.46
5 (f) 12302.82 123.21 1428.18 998.77 13179.56 13217.35
5 (g) 14687.36 130.95 1427.00 1042.73 13659.32 13699.06
5 (h) 14674.67 148.78 1425.34 1350.67 13599.55 13666.46
5(i) 14696.42 123.21 1428.18 998.77 13179.56 13217.35
5 (j) 10449.36 125.01 1432.95 1028.20 13673.85 13712.45
5 (k) 10436.67 148.78 1425.34 1350.67 13599.55 13666.46
5 (l) 10458.42 123.21 1428.18 998.77 13179.56 13217.35
6 (a) 9473.84 0.00 50.83 5639.53 124.21 5640.90
Normal
6 (b) 7171.91 5.95 44.88 4319.93 109.68 4321.32
7 (a) 9665.10 65.44 312.60 6173.60 2446.42 6640.65
7 (b) 9792.60 109.07 487.11 6529.64 3994.56 7654.59
Wind
7 (c) 7363.17 71.39 306.65 4854.00 2431.89 5429.12
7 (d) 7490.67 115.02 481.17 5210.04 3980.03 6556.31
8 (a) 9330.07 661.91 44.88 10554.28 109.68 10554.85
8 (b) 7028.14 661.91 44.88 9220.15 109.68 9220.80
8 (c) 8820.27 661.91 44.88 10554.28 109.68 10554.85
Seismic 8 (d) 6518.34 661.91 44.88 9220.15 109.68 9220.80
case 9 (a) 9351.97 5.95 460.09 5434.99 3849.43 6660.13
9 (b) 7050.04 5.95 460.09 4100.86 3849.43 5624.52
9 (c) 8798.36 5.95 460.09 5434.99 3849.43 6660.13
9 (d) 6496.43 5.95 460.09 4100.86 3849.43 5624.52

1. Material data
Width of section = 3600 mm
Depth of section = 2000 mm Radius of gyration, i = 577.4 mm
other direction
Effective length multiplier = 1.00 Effective length of col l e = 7.69 m
Page No. 53 of 117

Radius of gyration, i = 1039.2 mm Slenderness ratio λ = 7.40
Side side 15 Nos. T 32 = 12064 mm2
15 Nos. T 32 = 12064 mm2
Stiruups 2 12 T @ 150 c/c Total = 88467 mm2
2 16 T @ 100 c/c for top & bottom 2000 mm
Page No. 54 of 117

For rectangular Column
As per Clause No. 7.4 of IS 13920:1993, Ash = 0.18ShSDkxfck/fy[Ag/Ak-1.0)
Ash Area of tranverse Reinforcement = 201.1 mm2
b Larger Dimensionr of Column = 2000 mm
h Larger dimension of Core measured to the outside of the spiral = 633.3333333 mm
fck = M40
fy = M500
Ak Area of the Concrete core = 6650000 mm2
S Specing of spiral or hoop = 266.56 mm
Say 100 mm
As per Clause No. 17.2.1 of RC 112:2011,
Confining reinforcement ratio ωwd = pwfyd/fcd Where, pw = Asp/(SL*b)
Asp = 201.1 mm2 b = = 3600 mm
For ractangular, section wwd.c >= max(wwreq : 0.12)
Confining reinforcement ratio ωw.req = 0.37*Ac/Acc*nk + 0.13*fyd/fcd*(pL-0.01)
nk = NED/(Ac*fck) > 0.08 = 0.08000
pL As/(bxD) = 0.0123
ωwd = = 0.040
Spacing for 16 dia reinforcement Asw/(b*wwd)*fyd/fcd = 38.8 mm
Say = 100 mm
Hence provide 2 16 T @ 100 c/c
d' = 78.000 mm Pt = 1.229 %

d'/D = 0.039 Pt/fck = 0.031
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed
As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed φo = φRH * β(fcm) *β (t0) Moed = BM in ULS
h0 = 2*Ac/u 643 mm φRH = 1.35
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.748
So, φef = 0.97 So , A = 0.838
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.26 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.299 C= 0.7

Page No. 55 of 117

nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 0.97
1/r0 = fyd/(Es*0.45*d) = 0.0014 1/m

Load M 0Ed n = N ed /
N Ed (kN) λ lim Kr e 2 (m) M Ed (kNm)
case (kNm) (A c f cd )
1 17209.60 3070.86 0.13 40.51 1.00 0.000 3070.86
2 17106.15 5394.94 0.13 40.63 1.00 0.000 5394.94
3 17683.22 2882.03 0.14 39.96 1.00 0.000 2882.03
4 12971.60 3070.86 0.10 46.66 1.00 0.000 3070.86
5 12868.15 5394.94 0.10 46.85 1.00 0.000 5394.94
6 13445.22 2882.03 0.10 45.83 1.00 0.000 2882.03
7 16144.06 1724.68 0.13 41.82 1.00 0.000 1724.68
8 17535.53 3771.63 0.14 40.13 1.00 0.000 3771.63
9 17432.08 6095.71 0.14 40.25 1.00 0.000 6095.71
10 18009.15 3582.80 0.14 39.60 1.00 0.000 3582.80
11 13297.54 3771.63 0.10 46.08 1.00 0.000 3771.63
12 13194.09 6095.71 0.10 46.26 1.00 0.000 6095.71
13 13771.15 3582.80 0.11 45.28 1.00 0.000 3582.80
14 16512.02 11617.20 0.13 41.35 1.00 0.000 11617.20
15 16498.23 11939.67 0.13 41.37 1.00 0.000 11939.67
16 16521.86 11587.77 0.13 41.34 1.00 0.000 11587.77
17 12274.02 11617.20 0.10 47.97 1.00 0.000 11617.20
18 12260.23 11939.67 0.10 47.99 1.00 0.000 11939.67
19 12283.86 11587.77 0.10 47.95 1.00 0.000 11587.77
20 14705.53 11617.20 0.11 43.82 1.00 0.000 11617.20
21 14691.73 11939.67 0.11 43.84 1.00 0.000 11939.67
22 14715.37 11587.77 0.11 43.81 1.00 0.000 11587.77
23 10467.53 11617.20 0.08 51.94 1.00 0.000 11617.20
24 10453.74 11939.67 0.08 51.97 1.00 0.000 11939.67
25 10477.37 11587.77 0.08 51.92 1.00 0.000 11587.77
26 16530.18 1028.20 0.13 41.33 1.00 0.000 1028.20
27 16515.29 1350.67 0.13 41.35 1.00 0.000 1350.67
28 16540.81 998.77 0.13 41.32 1.00 0.000 998.77
29 12292.19 1028.20 0.10 47.93 1.00 0.000 1028.20
30 12277.29 1350.67 0.10 47.96 1.00 0.000 1350.67
31 12302.82 998.77 0.10 47.91 1.00 0.000 998.77
32 14687.36 1042.73 0.11 43.85 1.00 0.000 1042.73
33 14674.67 1350.67 0.11 43.87 1.00 0.000 1350.67
34 14696.42 998.77 0.11 43.83 1.00 0.000 998.77
35 10449.36 1028.20 0.08 51.99 1.00 0.000 1028.20
36 10436.67 1350.67 0.08 52.02 1.00 0.000 1350.67
37 10458.42 998.77 0.08 51.96 1.00 0.000 998.77
38 9473.84 5639.53 0.07 54.60 1.00 0.000 5639.53
39 7171.91 4319.93 0.06 62.75 1.00 0.000 4319.93
40 9665.10 6173.60 0.08 54.05 1.00 0.000 6173.60
41 9792.60 6529.64 0.08 53.70 1.00 0.000 6529.64
42 7363.17 4854.00 0.06 61.93 1.00 0.000 4854.00
43 7490.67 5210.04 0.06 61.40 1.00 0.000 5210.04
44 9330.07 10554.28 0.07 55.02 1.00 0.000 10554.28
45 7028.14 9220.15 0.05 63.39 1.00 0.000 9220.15
46 8820.27 10554.28 0.07 56.58 1.00 0.000 10554.28
Page No. 56 of 117

47 6518.34 9220.15 0.05 65.82 1.00 0.000 9220.15
48 9351.97 5434.99 0.07 54.95 1.00 0.000 5434.99
49 7050.04 4100.86 0.05 63.29 1.00 0.000 4100.86
50 8798.36 5434.99 0.07 56.65 1.00 0.000 5434.99
51 6496.43 4100.86 0.05 65.93 1.00 0.000 4100.86
Page No. 57 of 117

8.2.2 Capacity of the section along Longitudinal Direction
[a] Cross section
Stress Stress
= 0.0020 = 0.0035 Strain Yeild strain = 0.00217 Strain

Stress - strain diagram for concrete Stress - strain diagram for steel
0.0035
Asc = = 32170 mm2
1037.70 CG
Compression Zone
2000.0 NA


Tension face 40 Nos. T 32 = 32170 mm2
0 Nos. T 32 =0 mm2
Side sides 15 Nos. T 32 = 12064 mm3 at each side
15 Nos. T 32 = 12064
Assume Neutral axis depth = 1037.70 mm
Page No. 58 of 117

Depth CG
Sl no Section Length (mm) Area (mm2) Strain Stress (MPa) Force (KN) Moment (KN-m)
(mm) (mm)
1 1 3600 166.67 600000 83.3 0.0032 17.84 10702.3 9810.5
2 2 3600 166.67 600000 16621.7 -0.0526 0.00 0.0 0.0
3 3 3600 166.67 600000 16788.4 -0.0531 0.00 0.0 0.0
4 4 3600 166.67 600000 16955.0 -0.0537 0.00 0.0 0.0
5 5 3600 166.67 600000 17121.7 -0.0542 0.00 0.0 0.0
6 6 3600 166.67 600000 17288.4 -0.0548 0.00 0.0 0.0
7 7 3600 166.67 600000 17455.0 -0.0554 0.00 0.0 0.0
8 8 3600 166.67 600000 17621.7 -0.0559 0.00 0.0 0.0
9 9 3600 166.67 600000 17788.4 -0.0565 0.00 0.0 0.0
10 10 3600 166.67 600000 17955.0 -0.0571 0.00 0.0 0.0
11 11 3600 166.67 600000 18121.7 -0.0576 0.00 0.0 0.0
12 12 3600 166.67 600000 18288.4 -0.0582 0.00 0.0 0.0
10702.34 9810.48
Contribution from Steel: Spacing of side reinforcements = 167.6 mm
Area CG
Sl no Section Strain Stress (MPa) Force (KN) Moment (KN-m)
(mm2) (mm)
1 1 32170 78.0 0.0032 416.95 13413.1 12366.9
2 2 2413 245.6 0.0027 416.95 1006.0 758.9
3 3 2413 413.3 0.0021 403.40 973.3 571.1
4 4 2413 580.9 0.0015 291.81 704.1 295.1
5 5 2413 748.5 0.0010 182.64 440.7 110.8
6 6 2413 916.2 0.0004 75.88 183.1 15.3
7 7 2413 1083.8 -0.0002 -31.11 -75.1 6.3
8 8 2413 1251.5 -0.0007 -144.19 -347.9 87.5
9 9 2413 1419.1 -0.0013 -257.27 -620.7 260.1
10 10 2413 1586.7 -0.0019 -370.35 -893.6 524.3
11 11 2413 1754.4 -0.0024 -434.78 -1049.0 791.3
12 12 32170 1922.0 -0.0030 -434.78 -13986.9 12895.9
TOTAL 88467 -253.0 28683.5
FORCE= 10449.36 kN MOMENT= 38494 kNm
8.2.3 Capacity of the section along Tranverse Direction

[a] Cross section
Page No. 59 of 117

0.0035
Asc = = 12064 mm2
1315.88 CG
Compression Zone
3600.0 NA


Compression face 15 Nos. T 32 Nos. T 32 = 12064 mm2
Tension face 15 Nos. T 32 Nos. T 32 = 12064 mm2
Side sides 40 Nos. T 32 = 32170 mm3
40 Nos. T 32 = 32170
Assume Neutral axis depth = 1315.88 mm at each side
Depth CG
Sl no Section Length (mm) Area (mm2) Strain Stress (MPa) Force (KN) Moment (KN-m)
(mm) (mm)
1 1 2000 600.00 1200000 300.0 0.0027 17.84 21404.7 32107.0
2 2 2000 600.00 1200000 24085.2 -0.0606 0.00 0.0 0.0
3 3 2000 600.00 1200000 24685.2 -0.0622 0.00 0.0 0.0
4 4 2000 600.00 1200000 25285.2 -0.0638 0.00 0.0 0.0
5 5 2000 600.00 1200000 25885.2 -0.0653 0.00 0.0 0.0
6 6 2000 600.00 1200000 26485.2 -0.0669 0.00 0.0 0.0
21404.68 32107.02
Contribution from Steel: Spacing of side reinforcements = 688.8 mm
Page No. 60 of 117

Area CG
Sl no Section Strain Stress (MPa) Force (KN) Moment (KN-m)
(mm2) (mm)
1 1 12064 78.0 0.0033 416.95 5029.9 8661.5
2 2 16085 766.8 0.0015 276.18 4442.3 4589.8
3 3 16085 1455.6 -0.0004 -74.32 -1195.5 -411.7
4 4 16085 2144.4 -0.0022 -434.78 -6993.5 2408.5
5 5 16085 2833.2 -0.0040 -434.78 -6993.5 7225.6
6 6 12064 3522.0 -0.0059 -434.78 -5245.1 9032.1
Total 88467 -10955 31506
FORCE= 10449 kN MOMENT= 63613 kNm
8.2.4 Biaxial Check

As per Eq 8.3 of IRC:112-2011 (Page-75)
(MEdx/MRdx)â+(MEdy/MRdy)â<= 1.0 NEd = Design axial force
MEdx = Design moment in longitudnal direction MEdy= Design moment in Transverse direction
MRdx = Resisting moment in longitudnal direction MRdy = Resisting moment in Transverse direction
NRd = Design axial resistance = Ac x fcd + As x fyd = 165314.1 kN
NEd/NRd 0.1 0.7 1
a 1 1.5 2
SL. ML MT (kN- ML max MT max (MEdx/MRdx)â+(MEdy/M

Vertical Load (kN) NED/NRD α Check
No. (kN-m) m) (kN-m) (kN-m) Rdy)â
1 17210 3071 5072 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.17 <1 O.K.
2 17106 5395 4757 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.23 <1 O.K.
3 17683 2882 1633 35947 57375 0.11 1.0 0.11 <1 O.K.
4 12972 3071 5072 39002 54932 0.08 1.0 0.17 <1 O.K.
5 12868 5395 4757 39002 54932 0.08 1.0 0.22 <1 O.K.
6 13445 2882 1633 39002 54932 0.08 1.0 0.10 <1 O.K.
7 16144 1725 7643 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.18 <1 O.K.
8 17536 3772 8665 35947 57375 0.11 1.0 0.25 <1 O.K.
9 17432 6096 8350 35947 57375 0.11 1.0 0.31 <1 O.K.
10 18009 3583 5227 35947 57375 0.11 1.0 0.19 <1 O.K.
11 13298 3772 8665 39002 54932 0.08 1.0 0.25 <1 O.K.
12 13194 6096 8350 39002 54932 0.08 1.0 0.31 <1 O.K.
13 13771 3583 5227 39002 54932 0.08 1.0 0.19 <1 O.K.
14 16512 11617 784 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.34 <1 O.K.
15 16498 11940 729 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.34 <1 O.K.
16 16522 11588 276 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.33 <1 O.K.
17 12274 11617 784 39002 54932 0.07 1.0 0.31 <1 O.K.
Page No. 61 of 117

18 12260 11940 729 39002 54932 0.07 1.0 0.32 <1 O.K.
19 12284 11588 276 39002 54932 0.07 1.0 0.30 <1 O.K.
20 14706 11617 784 39002 54932 0.09 1.0 0.31 <1 O.K.
21 14692 11940 729 39002 54932 0.09 1.0 0.32 <1 O.K.
22 14715 11588 276 39002 54932 0.09 1.0 0.30 <1 O.K.
23 10468 11617 784 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.31 <1 O.K.
24 10454 11940 729 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.31 <1 O.K.
25 10477 11588 276 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.30 <1 O.K.
26 16530 1028 13674 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
27 16515 1351 13600 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
28 16541 999 13180 35947 57375 0.10 1.0 0.26 <1 O.K.
29 12292 1028 13674 39002 54932 0.07 1.0 0.28 <1 O.K.
30 12277 1351 13600 39002 54932 0.07 1.0 0.28 <1 O.K.
31 12303 999 13180 39002 54932 0.07 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
32 14687 1043 13659 39002 54932 0.09 1.0 0.28 <1 O.K.
33 14675 1351 13600 39002 54932 0.09 1.0 0.28 <1 O.K.
34 14696 999 13180 39002 54932 0.09 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
35 10449 1028 13674 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.28 <1 O.K.
36 10437 1351 13600 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.29 <1 O.K.
37 10458 999 13180 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
38 9474 5640 124 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.14 <1 O.K.
39 7172 4320 110 39650 53484 0.04 1.0 0.11 <1 O.K.
40 9665 6174 2446 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.20 <1 O.K.
41 9793 6530 3995 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.24 <1 O.K.
42 7363 4854 2432 39650 53484 0.04 1.0 0.17 <1 O.K.
43 7491 5210 3980 39650 53484 0.05 1.0 0.21 <1 O.K.
44 9330 10554 110 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
45 7028 9220 110 39650 53484 0.04 1.0 0.23 <1 O.K.
46 8820 10554 110 39650 53484 0.05 1.0 0.27 <1 O.K.
47 6518 9220 110 39650 53484 0.04 1.0 0.23 <1 O.K.
48 9352 5435 3849 39650 53484 0.06 1.0 0.21 <1 O.K.
49 7050 4101 3849 39650 53484 0.04 1.0 0.18 <1 O.K.
50 8798 5435 3849 39650 53484 0.05 1.0 0.21 <1 O.K.
51 6496 4101 3849 39650 53484 0.04 1.0 0.18 <1 O.K.
8.4.1 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)

Service stage stage
3) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy + wind load - unloaded structure
Page No. 62 of 117

Construction stage
8.4.2 Load Combination for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
7) Dead load +SIDL+ bouyancy - service stage
8) Dead load +SIDL+ bouyancy - construction stage
Wind on
Water
Load Case DL SIDL
current force
Bouyancy LL(Max) unloaded Wind on loaded structure
structure
Rare Combination
1 1 1.2 1 0.15
2 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
2 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
2 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
2 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1
2 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1
2 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
3 (b) 1 1 1 0.15 1
4 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1 0.6
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
6 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
6 (b) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
7 (a) 1 1.2 0.15
7 (b) 1 1 0.15
8 (a) 1 1.2 0.15
8 (b) 1 1 0.15
Page No. 63 of 117

Load Case V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m) Meq (kN-m)
Rare Combination
1 11411.69 0.00 50.83 0.00 124.21 124.21
2 (a) 12547.07 245.90 50.83 2047.24 3422.48 3988.06
2 (b) 12478.10 340.97 44.88 3601.47 3207.60 4822.79
2 (c) 12862.81 219.68 44.88 1926.20 1125.47 2230.90
2 (d) 12403.92 245.90 50.83 2047.24 3422.48 3988.06
2 (e) 12334.95 340.97 44.88 3601.47 3207.60 4822.79
2 (f) 12719.66 219.68 44.88 1926.20 1125.47 2230.90
3 (a) 11836.71 140.90 475.85 1149.79 5136.55 5263.66
3 (b) 11693.56 146.84 469.90 1164.32 5122.02 5252.69
4 (a) 12764.35 303.34 268.12 2514.42 5818.25 6338.33
4 (b) 12695.39 398.42 262.17 4068.65 5603.37 6924.72
4 (c) 13080.10 277.13 262.17 2393.38 3521.24 4257.63
4 (d) 12621.20 303.34 268.12 2514.42 5818.25 6338.33
4 (e) 12552.24 398.42 262.17 4068.65 5603.37 6924.72
4 (f) 12936.95 277.13 262.17 2393.38 3521.24 4257.63
5 (a) 12625.37 280.17 412.97 2314.06 6590.86 6985.30
5 (b) 12573.64 352.96 407.03 3483.37 6426.07 7309.46
5 (c) 12862.18 261.99 407.03 2226.91 4864.47 5349.97
5 (d) 12482.22 280.17 412.97 2314.06 6590.86 6985.30
5 (e) 12430.49 352.96 407.03 3483.37 6426.07 7309.46
5 (f) 12482.22 286.11 407.03 2328.59 6576.33 6976.43
6 (a) 7009.46 72.71 341.69 4598.84 2704.44 5335.10
6 (b) 6973.67 78.66 335.74 4584.74 2689.91 5315.59
7 (a) 11411.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 (b) 11268.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 (a) 6386.20 0.00 0.00 3676.83 0.00 3676.83
8 (b) 6350.41 0.00 0.00 3648.20 0.00 3648.20
Page No. 64 of 117

8.3 Stress check for Servicibility Limit State Uniaxial check
8.3.1 Reinforcement
Hence provide main reinforcement = 40 Nos. 32 T at earth face
= 40 Nos. 32 T at river side
= 30 Nos. 32 T
and Lateral ties 2X 16 T @ 100 c/c
2X 12 T @ 150 c/c
Percentage of steel = 1.23 %
a Load Data
b Material Data
Modular Ratio 12.00
c Geometric data
Page No. 65 of 117

d Properties of uncracked section
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 7.91E+06 mm2
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 3.00E+12 mm4
Design the section as uncracked section
e Properties of cracked section
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 1.78702E+12 mm4
ycal-yassum 0.00
f Check for stress
8.3.1 Stress check for Servicibility Limit State
Vertical load (kN) moment (kN- Neutral axis Conc. Stress Tensile
m) (m) (Mpa) stress (Mpa)
Rare Combination
1.0 11411.69 124.2 3034.0 1.9 8.5
2.0 12547.07 3988.1 2094.8 3.1 3.0
3.0 12478.10 4822.8 2094.8 3.1 3.0
4.0 12862.81 2230.9 2094.8 3.1 3.0
5.0 12403.92 3988.1 2094.8 3.1 3.0
6.0 12334.95 4822.8 2094.8 3.1 3.0
7.0 12719.66 2230.9 2094.8 3.1 3.0
8.0 11836.71 5263.7 2094.8 3.1 3.0
9.0 11693.56 5252.7 2094.8 3.1 3.0
10.0 12764.35 6338.3 2094.8 3.1 3.0
11.0 12695.39 6924.7 2094.8 3.1 3.0
12.0 13080.10 4257.6 2094.8 3.1 3.0
13.0 12621.20 6338.3 2094.8 3.1 3.0
14.0 12552.24 6924.7 2094.8 3.1 3.0
15.0 12936.95 4257.6 2094.8 3.1 3.0
16.0 12625.37 6985.3 2094.8 3.1 3.0
17.0 12573.64 7309.5 2094.8 3.1 3.0
18.0 12862.18 5350.0 2094.8 3.1 3.0
19.0 12482.22 6985.3 2094.8 3.1 3.0
Page No. 66 of 117

20.0 12430.49 7309.5 2094.8 3.1 3.0
21.0 12482.22 6976.4 2094.8 3.1 3.0
22.0 7009.46 5335.1 1175.2 3.3 -24.8
23.0 6973.67 5315.6 1175.2 3.3 -24.8
i) 11411.69 0.0 3098.4 1.9 8.7
ii) 11268.54 0.0 3098.4 1.9 8.7
iii) 6386.20 3676.8 1573.9 2.1 -5.6
iv) 6350.41 3648.2 1573.9 2.1 -5.6
σsc = 8.70 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 5.998
Ac,eff = 702000 mm2 As/Ac,eff = 0.0458

>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.0000261
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 32.0 mm k2 = 0.5
< 0.3 mm OK
Description i) ii) iii) iv)
Stress in steel, σs 8.7 8.7 -5.6 -5.6
As 32169.9 32169.9 32169.9 32169.9
Diameter 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0
Actual NA 3098 3098 1574 1574
hc,eff 195.0 195.0 195.0 195.0
Ac,eff 702000.0 702000.0 702000.0 702000.0
As/Ac,eff 0.0458 0.0458 0.0458 0.0458
ρp,eff 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046
εsm-εcm 0.00003 0.00003 -0.00002 -0.00002
φeq 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0
Crack width, Wk 0.010 0.010 -0.006 -0.006
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Page No. 67 of 117

10.0 Load Combination at bottom of Pile cap for detemination of pile capacity
10.1 Water at HFL HFL = 372.475 m
Seismic data
10.1.1 Load and Moment calculation
Wt of Pedestal 168.18 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier cap 1181.25 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier 462.76 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 3053.70 0.00 0.00
Wt of earth over Pile cap -4899.49 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 8729.03 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 191.52 345.06
0O to Normal 191.52 345.06
4 Buoyancy -146.87
6 Wind load on loaded structure 362.15 95.74 362.15 1.80 1.80 951.0 4644.8
Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 9.96 9.96 2296.39 1015.79
Page No. 68 of 117

Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 9.96 9.96 1195.31 165.84
Dead load 630.91 946.36 9.96 9425.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.96 180.91
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 51.53 77.30 9.96 769.92
Total Seismic 812.92 1219.38 11725.00
Dead load 630.91 946.36 11.62 10999.59
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.49 172.42
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 51.53 77.30 12.73 983.65
Max. Reaction 17.06 25.59 13.70 350.54
Total Seismic
Max. Reaction 829.98 1244.97 13854.6
i) Dead load 4347.71 3505.05 0.00
ii) SIDL 178.937 143.15 0.00
iii) Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 1.8 1.8 724.3 3103.77
Dead load 315.45 946.36 9.96 9425.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.96 180.91
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 12.88 38.65 9.96 384.96
Page No. 69 of 117

Dead load 315.45 473.18 11.62 5499.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.49 172.42
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 12.88 19.33 12.73 245.91
10.1.2 Summary of Load and Moment
a) Service stage
1 Dead Load 8729.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
Normal Case 44O to Normal 0.00 24.30 169.12 42.11 304.69
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
Seismic Case 44O to Normal 0.00 24.30 169.12 42.11 304.69
4 Buoyancy -146.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 2296.39 1015.79
Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 1195.31 165.84
-ve V -812.92 1219.38 11725.00 0.00
Max. Reaction 829.98 0.00 1244.97 0.00 13854.59
Max. Reaction -ve V -829.98 0.00 1244.97 0.00 13854.59
Page No. 70 of 117

1 Dead Load 4347.71 0.00 0.00 3505.05 0.00
2 SIDL 178.94 0.00 0.00 143.15 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
4 Buoyancy -146.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 724.3 3103.8
8 -ve V -458.82 1180.73 0.00 11340.04 0.00
-ve V -498.25 0.00 747.37 0.00 8076.84
10.1.3 Load Combination As per Clause 706 of IRC:78-2017
3) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force + wind load - loaded structure
4) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force + Longitudinal seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force + Tranverse seismic
7) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+construction live load+ wind load
8) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+construction live load+ Longitudinal seismic
9) Construction stage - Dead load +SIDL+water current force + bouyancy+construction live load+Tranverse seismic
Wind on Wind on
Water Tranverse
Load Case DL SIDL
current force
Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded Long. Seismic
Seismic
structure structure
1 (a) 1 1 1 1 1
Normal
Case
1 (b) 1 1 1 1 1
1 (c) 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1 1 1
Wind 3 (a) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Case 3 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 (c) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Page No. 71 of 117

4 (a) 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Seismic 4 (c) 1 1 1 1 1 1
case 5 (a) 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 (c) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Normal 6 1 1 1 1 1
Wind 7 1 1 1 1 1 1
Seismic 8 1 1 1 1 0.2 1
case 9 1 1 1 1 0.2 1
Load
Case
1 (a) 10433.28 245.90 191.52 2489.86 3643.33
1 (b) 10364.32 359.33 169.12 4232.10 3402.62
1 (c) 10749.03 238.04 169.12 2338.50 1320.48
2 9722.93 140.90 616.54 1403.40 6122.43
3 (a) 10795.43 341.64 553.67 3440.83 8288.14
3 (b) 10726.46 455.07 531.26 5183.07 8047.43
3 (c) 11111.18 333.78 531.26 3289.47 5965.29
4 (a) 10337.90 1344.39 191.52 12978.21 1004.71
4 (b) 10324.11 1386.52 169.12 13360.34 924.28
4 (c) 10347.75 1360.95 169.12 12962.42 470.54
4 (d) 8712.06 1344.39 191.52 12978.21 1004.71
4 (e) 8698.27 1386.52 169.12 13360.34 924.28
4 (f) 8721.90 1360.95 169.12 12962.42 470.54
5 (a) 10354.25 125.01 1435.43 1253.21 14844.74
5 (b) 10339.47 167.13 1411.53 1635.34 14743.90
5 (c) 10364.80 141.57 1414.09 1237.42 14325.13
5 (d) 8695.71 125.01 1435.43 1253.21 14844.74
5 (e) 8682.91 142.83 1433.94 1593.23 14784.26
5 (f) 8704.85 117.26 1436.49 1195.31 14365.49
6 4927.45 24.30 169.12 4128.44 304.69
7 5139.96 72.71 482.38 4810.63 3448.83
8(a) 4948.13 1205.03 169.12 15117.98 304.69
8(b) 4030.50 1205.03 169.12 15117.98 304.69
9(a) 4987.56 0.00 938.89 3735.83 8421.89
9(b) 3991.07 0.00 938.89 3735.83 8421.89
Page No. 72 of 117

10.1.4 Calculation of Pile Load by rivet theory Heq = sqrt(HL^2+HT^2)
Layout of Pile
Spacing in tran 7.20 Pile cap-tran 8.7 m 1.80, 3.15
Spacing in long 6.30 Pile cap-long 7.8 m 3 6

-1.80, 3.15
L
Transverse Spacing
1 -3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00 1 0.00, 0.00 3.60, 0.00
2 -1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92 T
-3.60, 0.00
3 -1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92 4
4 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 7
-1.80, -3.15 1.80, -3.15
5 1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92
6 1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92
2 5
7 3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00
8 Longitudinal Spacing
8
Total = 7 38.88 39.69
Load s & Moments Horz. Load on Vertical Load on respective pile
Sl. No. each pile
V Heq ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
i) Normal case
1 (a) 10433.3 311.7 2489.9 3643.3 44.5 1153.1 1124.2 1519.4 1490.5 1461.5 1856.7 1827.8
1 (b) 10364.3 397.1 4232.1 3402.6 56.7 1165.6 987.2 1659.0 1480.6 1302.3 1974.0 1795.7
1 (c) 10749.0 292.0 2338.5 1320.5 41.7 1413.3 1288.8 1660.0 1535.6 1411.1 1782.3 1657.8
ii) Wind load case
2 9722.9 632.4 1403.4 6122.4 90.3 822.1 994.2 1216.9 1389.0 1561.1 1783.8 1955.9
3 (a) 10795.4 650.6 3440.8 8288.1 92.9 774.8 885.4 1431.6 1542.2 1652.8 2199.0 2309.6
3 (b) 10726.5 699.5 5183.1 8047.4 99.9 787.2 748.4 1571.1 1532.4 1493.6 2316.3 2277.5
3 (c) 11111.2 627.4 3289.5 5965.3 89.6 1035.0 1050.1 1572.2 1587.3 1602.4 2124.6 2139.7
iii) Seismic case
4 (a) 10337.9 1358.0 12978.2 1004.7 194.0 1383.8 400.3 2460.3 1476.8 493.3 2553.4 1569.9
4 (b) 10324.1 1396.8 13360.3 924.3 199.5 1389.3 371.7 2492.4 1474.9 457.3 2578.0 1560.5
4 (c) 10347.7 1371.4 12962.4 470.5 195.9 1434.7 427.7 2485.2 1478.2 471.3 2528.8 1521.8
4 (d) 8712.1 1358.0 12978.2 1004.7 194.0 1151.6 168.0 2228.1 1244.6 261.1 2321.1 1337.6
4 (e) 8698.3 1396.8 13360.3 924.3 199.5 1157.0 139.5 2260.2 1242.6 225.1 2345.7 1328.2
4 (f) 8721.9 1371.4 12962.4 470.5 195.9 1202.4 195.4 2253.0 1246.0 239.0 2296.5 1289.6
5 (a) 10354.3 1440.9 1253.2 14844.7 205.8 104.7 692.5 891.4 1479.2 2067.0 2265.9 2853.7
5 (b) 10339.5 1421.4 1635.3 14743.9 203.1 111.9 664.7 924.3 1477.1 2029.9 2289.4 2842.2
5 (c) 10364.8 1421.2 1237.4 14325.1 203.0 154.3 719.3 915.7 1480.7 2045.7 2242.1 2807.1
5 (d) 8695.7 1440.9 1253.2 14844.7 205.8 -132.3 455.5 654.4 1242.2 1830.0 2029.0 2616.8
5 (e) 8682.9 1441.0 1593.2 14784.3 205.9 -128.5 429.5 682.4 1240.4 1798.4 2051.3 2609.3
5 (f) 8704.8 1441.3 1195.3 14365.5 205.9 -86.6 483.6 673.3 1243.5 1813.8 2003.5 2573.7
Page No. 73 of 117

iv) Construction stage
6 4927.4 170.9 4128.4 304.7 24.4 675.7 362.2 1017.5 703.9 390.4 1045.7 732.1
7 5140.0 487.8 4810.6 3448.8 69.7 414.9 192.8 956.4 734.3 512.2 1275.7 1053.6
8(a) 4948.1 1216.8 15118.0 304.7 173.8 678.7 -507.1 1892.6 706.9 -478.9 1920.8 735.1
8(b) 4030.5 1216.8 15118.0 304.7 173.8 547.6 -638.2 1761.5 575.8 -609.9 1789.7 604.0
9(a) 4987.6 938.9 3735.8 8421.9 134.1 -67.3 26.1 619.1 712.5 805.9 1398.9 1492.3
9(b) 3991.1 938.9 3735.8 8421.9 134.1 -209.7 -116.2 476.7 570.2 663.6 1256.5 1350.0
10.1.5 Maximum or Minimum loads on pile and comparison

Max Load on Pile in Normal Case = 1974.0 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in Normal Case = 362.2 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Normal Case = 56.7 kN OK
Max Load on Pile in Wind load Case = 2316.3 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Wind load Case = 69.7 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in wind load Case = 99.9 kN OK
Max Load on Pile in seismic Case = 2853.7 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in seismic Case = -638.2 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Seismic Case = 205.9 kN OK

Lateral load carring Capacity of pile in Normal Case = = 730.0 kN OK

Required lateral capacity capacity of Pile in Normal case = 56.7 Say, 60 kN
Page No. 74 of 117

Load Combination at bottom of Pile cap for detemination of pile capacity
10.2 Water at LWL LWL = 364.000 m
Seismic data
10.2.1 Load and Moment calculation
Wt of Pedestal 168.18 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier cap 1181.25 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier 462.76 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 3053.70 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 8729.03 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal
Normal Case 44O to Normal
0O to Normal
Seismic Case 44O to Normal
4 Buoyancy -1221.48
Page No. 75 of 117

Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 9.96 9.96 2296.39 1015.79
Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 9.96 9.96 1195.31 165.84
Dead load 630.91 946.36 9.96 9425.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.96 180.91
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 51.53 77.30 9.96 769.92
Total Seismic 812.92 1219.38 11725.00
Dead load 630.91 946.36 11.62 10999.59
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.49 172.42
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 51.53 77.30 12.73 983.65
Max. Reaction 17.06 25.59 13.70 350.54
Total Seismic
Max. Reaction 829.98 1244.97 13854.6
Page No. 76 of 117

i) Dead load 4347.71 3505.05 0.00
ii) SIDL 178.937 143.15 0.00
iii) Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 1.8 1.8 724.3 3103.77
Dead load 315.45 946.36 9.96 9425.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.96 180.91
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 12.88 38.65 9.96 384.96
Dead load 315.45 473.18 11.62 5499.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.49 172.42
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 4.75 237.22
Pile cap 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.00
SIDL 12.88 19.33 12.73 245.91
10.2.2 Summary of Load and Moment
a) Service stage
1 Dead Load 8729.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 Buoyancy -1221.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 2296.39 1015.79
Page No. 77 of 117

Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 1195.31 165.84
-ve V -812.92 1219.38 11725.00 0.00
Max. Reaction 829.98 0.00 1244.97 0.00 13854.59
Max. Reaction -ve V -829.98 0.00 1244.97 0.00 13854.59
1 Dead Load 4347.71 0.00 0.00 3505.05 0.00
2 SIDL 178.94 0.00 0.00 143.15 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 Buoyancy -1221.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 724.3 3103.8
8 -ve V -458.82 1180.73 0.00 11340.04 0.00
-ve V -498.25 0.00 747.37 0.00 8076.84
Page No. 78 of 117

10.2.3 Load Combination As per Clause 706 of IRC:78-2014
Wind on Wind on
Water Tranverse
Load Case DL SIDL
current force
Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded Long. Seismic
Seismic
structure structure
1 (a) 1 1 1 1 1
Normal
Case
1 (b) 1 1 1 1 1
1 (c) 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1 1 1
Wind 3 (a) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Case 3 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 (c) 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 (a) 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Seismic 4 (c) 1 1 1 1 1 1
case 5 (a) 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 (c) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Normal 6 1 1 1 1 1
Wind 7 1 1 1 1 1 1
Seismic 8 1 1 1 1 0.2 1
case 9 1 1 1 1 0.2 1
Page No. 79 of 117

Load
Case
1 (a) 9358.67 245.90 0.00 2489.86 3298.27
1 (b) 9289.71 335.03 0.00 4189.99 3097.92
1 (c) 9674.42 213.73 0.00 2296.39 1015.79
2 8648.32 140.90 425.02 1403.40 5777.37
3 (a) 9720.82 341.64 362.15 3440.83 7943.08
3 (b) 9651.85 430.77 362.15 5140.96 7742.73
3 (c) 10036.57 309.48 362.15 3247.36 5660.60
4 (a) 9263.29 1344.39 0.00 12978.21 659.65
4 (b) 9249.50 1362.21 0.00 13318.23 619.58
4 (c) 9273.14 1336.65 0.00 12920.31 165.84
4 (d) 7637.45 1344.39 0.00 12978.21 659.65
4 (e) 7623.66 1362.21 0.00 13318.23 619.58
4 (f) 7647.29 1336.65 0.00 12920.31 165.84
5 (a) 9279.64 125.01 1243.91 1253.21 14499.68
5 (b) 9264.86 142.83 1242.42 1593.23 14439.20
5 (c) 9290.19 117.26 1244.97 1195.31 14020.43
5 (d) 7621.10 125.01 1243.91 1253.21 14499.68
5 (e) 7608.30 142.83 1242.42 1593.23 14439.20
5 (f) 7630.24 117.26 1244.97 1195.31 14020.43
6 3852.84 0.00 0.00 4086.33 0.00
7 4065.34 72.71 290.86 4810.63 3103.77
8(a) 3873.52 1180.73 0.00 15075.87 0.00
8(b) 2955.89 1180.73 0.00 15075.87 0.00
9(a) 3912.95 0.00 747.37 3735.83 8076.84
9(b) 2916.46 0.00 747.37 3735.83 8076.84
Page No. 80 of 117

10.2.4 Calculation of Pile Load by rivet theory Heq = sqrt(HL^2+HT^2)
Total No. of Pile = 7 Layout of Pile
Spacing in tran 7.20 Pile cap-tran 8.7 m 3 1.80, 3.15

-1.80, 3.15
1 -3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00 L
Transverse Spacing
-3.60, 0.00 0.00, 0.00 3.60, 0.00
2 -1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92
3 -1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92 T
7
4 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 1 4
-1.80, -3.15 1.80, -3.15
5 1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92
6 1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92 2 5
7 3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00
8 8
Total = 7 38.88 39.69
Load s & Moments Horz. Load on Vertical Load on respective pile
Sl. No. each pile
V Heq ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
i) Normal case
1 (a) 9358.7 245.9 2489.9 3298.3 35.1 1031.6 986.6 1381.9 1337.0 1292.0 1687.3 1642.3
1 (b) 9289.7 335.0 4190.0 3097.9 47.9 1040.3 851.1 1516.2 1613.9 1327.1 1803.1 1613.9
1 (c) 9674.4 213.7 2296.4 1015.8 30.5 1288.0 1152.8 1517.3 1476.1 1382.1 1611.3 1476.1
ii) Wind load case
2 8648.3 447.8 1403.4 5777.4 64.0 700.5 856.6 1079.4 1770.4 1235.5 1614.3 1770.4
3 (a) 9720.8 497.9 3440.8 7943.1 71.1 653.2 747.9 1294.0 2124.2 1388.7 2029.5 2124.2
3 (b) 9651.9 562.8 5141.0 7742.7 80.4 661.9 612.4 1428.4 2095.8 1378.8 2145.3 2095.8
3 (c) 10036.6 476.4 3247.4 5660.6 68.1 909.7 914.0 1429.5 1957.9 1433.8 1953.6 1957.9
iii) Seismic case
4 (a) 9263.3 1344.4 12978.2 659.7 192.1 1262.2 262.8 2322.8 1384.4 1323.3 2383.9 1384.4
4 (b) 9249.5 1362.2 13318.2 619.6 194.6 1264.0 235.7 2349.7 1378.7 1321.4 2407.0 1378.7
4 (c) 9273.1 1336.6 12920.3 165.8 190.9 1309.4 291.6 2342.5 1340.1 1324.7 2357.8 1340.1
4 (d) 7637.5 1344.4 12978.2 659.7 192.1 1030.0 30.5 2090.5 1152.1 1091.1 2151.6 1152.1
4 (e) 7623.7 1362.2 13318.2 619.6 194.6 1031.7 3.4 2117.4 1146.5 1089.1 2174.8 1146.5
4 (f) 7647.3 1336.6 12920.3 165.8 190.9 1077.1 59.4 2110.2 1107.8 1092.5 2125.6 1107.8
5 (a) 9279.6 1250.2 1253.2 14499.7 178.6 -16.9 554.9 753.8 2668.2 1325.7 2096.4 2668.2
5 (b) 9264.9 1250.6 1593.2 14439.2 178.7 -13.4 528.6 781.5 2660.5 1323.6 2118.5 2660.5
5 (c) 9290.2 1250.5 1195.3 14020.4 178.6 29.0 583.2 772.9 2625.4 1327.2 2071.1 2625.4
5 (d) 7621.1 1250.2 1253.2 14499.7 178.6 -253.8 318.0 516.9 2431.3 1088.7 1859.5 2431.3
5 (e) 7608.3 1250.6 1593.2 14439.2 178.7 -250.1 292.0 544.9 2423.9 1086.9 1881.8 2423.9
5 (f) 7630.2 1250.5 1195.3 14020.4 178.6 -208.2 346.1 535.8 2388.2 1090.0 1834.0 2388.2
Page No. 81 of 117

iv) Construction stage
6 3852.8 0.0 4086.3 0.0 0.0 550.4 226.1 874.7 550.4 550.4 874.7 550.4
7 4065.3 299.8 4810.6 3103.8 42.8 293.4 55.3 818.9 868.2 580.8 1106.3 868.2
8(a) 3873.5 1180.7 15075.9 0.0 168.7 553.4 -643.1 1749.9 553.4 553.4 1749.9 553.4
8(b) 2955.9 1180.7 15075.9 0.0 168.7 422.3 -774.2 1618.8 422.3 422.3 1618.8 422.3
9(a) 3913.0 747.4 3735.8 8076.8 106.8 -188.9 -111.4 481.6 1306.8 559.0 1229.4 1306.8
9(b) 2916.5 747.4 3735.8 8076.8 106.8 -331.2 -253.8 339.2 1164.5 416.6 1087.1 1164.5
10.2.5 Maximum or Minimum loads on pile and comparison

Max Load on Pile in Normal Case = 1803.1 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in Normal Case = 226.1 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Normal Case = 47.9 kN OK
Max Load on Pile in Wind load Case = 2145.3 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Wind load Case = 42.8 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in wind load Case = 80.4 kN OK
Max Load on Pile in seismic Case = 2668.2 kN OK
Min Load on Pile in seismic Case = -774.2 kN OK
Max lateral load on Pile in Seismic Case = 194.6 kN OK

Lateral load carring Capacity of pile in Normal Case = = 730.0 kN OK
Required lateral capacity capacity of Pile in Normal case = 47.9 Say, 50 kN
Page No. 82 of 117

11.0 Load Combination at Top of Pile cap - Servicibility limit State & Ultimate limit State
Seismic data
11.1 Load and Moment calculation

Wt of Pedestal 168.18 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier cap 1181.25 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pier 462.76 0.00 0.00
Wt of Pile cap 3053.70 0.00 0.00
Total Dead load 8729.03 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 191.52 345.06
0O to Normal 191.52 345.06
4 Buoyancy -146.87
Page No. 83 of 117

Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 9.96 9.96 2296.39 1015.79
Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 9.96 9.96 1195.31 165.84
Dead load 630.91 946.36 9.96 9425.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.96 180.91
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 3.85 192.23
SIDL 51.53 77.30 9.96 769.92
Total Seismic 812.92 1219.38 11680.01
Dead load 630.91 946.36 11.62 10999.59
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.49 172.42
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 3.85 192.23
SIDL 51.53 77.30 12.73 983.65
Max. Reaction 17.06 25.59 13.70 350.54
Total Seismic
Max. Reaction 829.98 1244.97 13809.6
Page No. 84 of 117

i) Dead load 6193.51 3505.05 0.00
ii) SIDL 178.937 143.15 0.00
iii) Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 1.8 1.8 724.3 3103.77
Dead load 315.45 946.36 9.96 9425.79

Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.96 180.91
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 3.85 192.23
SIDL 12.88 38.65 9.96 384.96
Dead load 315.45 473.18 11.62 5499.79
Pedestal 12.11 18.16 9.49 172.42
Pier cap 85.05 127.58 8.71 1111.16
Pier 33.32 49.98 3.85 192.23
SIDL 12.88 19.33 12.73 245.91
11.2 Summary of Load and Moment
a) Service stage
1 Dead Load 8729.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 SIDL 715.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
0O to Normal 0.00 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
4 Buoyancy -146.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Max. Reaction 1451.12 213.73 0.00 2296.39 1015.79
Page No. 85 of 117

Max. Reaction 236.92 117.26 0.00 1195.31 165.84
-ve V -812.92 1219.38 11680.01 0.00
Max. Reaction 829.98 0.00 1244.97 0.00 13809.60
Max. Reaction -ve V -829.98 0.00 1244.97 0.00 13809.60
1 Dead Load 6193.51 0.00 0.00 3505.05 0.00
2 SIDL 178.94 0.00 0.00 143.15 0.00
4 Wind load 212.5 72.7 290.9 724.3 3103.8
-ve V -458.82 1180.73 0.00 11295.05 0.00
-ve V -498.25 0.00 747.37 0.00 8031.84
Page No. 86 of 117

11 Ultimate limit state
11.3.1 Load Combination -
Wind on Wind on
Water Long. Tranverse
Load Case DL SIDL
current force
Bouyancy LL unloaded loaded
Seismic
Seismic
structure structure
1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5

1 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
Normal 1 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
Case 1 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
1 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
1 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
2 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
Wind Case 3 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
3 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
Page No. 87 of 117

4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
4 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
4 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
4 (d) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
4 (e) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
Seismic 4 (f) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
case 5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
5 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
5 (c) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 1.5
5 (d) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
5 (e) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
5 (f) 1 1 1 1 1 1.5
6 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5
Normal
6 (b) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5
7 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
7 (b) 1.35 1.75 1 0.15 1.5 1.5
Wind
7 (c) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 0.9
7 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1.5 1.5
8 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 0.75
Seismic 8 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 0.75
case 9 (a) 1.35 1.75 1 1 1 0.75
9 (b) 1 1 1 1 1 0.75
Load Case V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)

1 (a) 14717.78 368.85 191.52 3734.79 5292.47
1 (b) 14614.33 526.84 169.12 6327.09 4951.58
Normal 1 (c) 15191.40 344.90 169.12 3486.69 1828.38
Case 1 (d) 11125.81 368.85 191.52 3734.79 5292.47
1 (e) 11022.36 526.84 169.12 6327.09 4951.58
1 (f) 11599.43 344.90 169.12 3486.69 1828.38
2 13652.25 211.35 829.05 2105.10 9011.11
3 (a) 15043.71 455.02 517.45 4590.66 9472.80
3 (b) 14940.26 613.01 495.05 7182.97 9131.91
Wind Case 3 (c) 15517.33 431.07 495.05 4342.57 6008.71
3 (d) 11451.74 455.02 517.45 4590.66 9472.80
3 (e) 11348.29 613.01 495.05 7182.97 9131.91
3 (f) 11925.36 431.07 495.05 4342.57 6008.71
Page No. 88 of 117

4 (a) 14336.34 1954.08 191.52 18773.22 1004.71
4 (b) 14322.54 1996.21 169.12 19155.35 924.28
4 (c) 14346.18 1946.34 191.52 18715.32 510.90
4 (d) 10744.36 1954.08 191.52 18773.22 1004.71
4 (e) 10730.57 1996.21 169.12 19155.35 924.28
4 (f) 10754.21 1970.64 169.12 18757.43 470.54
4 (g) 11897.57 1954.08 191.52 18773.22 1004.71
4 (h) 11883.78 1996.21 169.12 19155.35 924.28
4 (i) 11907.42 1970.64 169.12 18757.43 470.54
4 (j) 8305.60 1954.08 191.52 18773.22 1004.71
4 (k) 8291.81 1996.21 169.12 19155.35 924.28
Seismic 4 (l) 8315.44 1970.64 169.12 18757.43 470.54
case 5 (a) 14360.86 125.01 2057.38 1253.21 21697.26
5 (b) 14345.58 167.13 2032.74 1635.34 21586.22
5 (c) 14371.77 141.57 2036.57 1237.42 21184.93
5 (d) 10768.89 125.01 2057.38 1253.21 21697.26
5 (e) 10753.61 167.13 2032.74 1635.34 21586.22
5 (f) 10779.79 141.57 2036.57 1237.42 21184.93
5 (g) 11873.05 125.01 2057.38 1253.21 21697.26
5 (h) 11860.74 167.13 2032.74 1635.34 21586.22
5(i) 11881.83 141.57 2036.57 1237.42 21184.93
5 (j) 8281.08 125.01 2057.38 1253.21 21697.26
5 (k) 8268.77 167.13 2032.74 1635.34 21586.22
5 (l) 8289.86 141.57 2036.57 1237.42 21184.93
6 (a) 9473.84 24.30 169.12 5681.64 304.69
Normal
6 (b) 7171.91 24.30 169.12 4347.51 304.69
7 (a) 9665.10 65.44 453.29 6291.39 3138.46
7 (b) 9792.60 109.07 627.81 6725.97 5000.72
Wind
7 (c) 7363.17 89.75 430.89 4999.37 3098.09
7 (d) 7490.67 133.37 605.40 5433.95 4960.36
8 (a) 9419.28 909.85 169.12 13933.86 304.69
8 (b) 7117.35 909.85 169.12 12599.73 304.69
8 (c) 8731.06 909.85 169.12 13933.86 304.69
Seismic 8 (d) 6429.13 909.85 169.12 12599.73 304.69
case 9 (a) 9448.85 0.00 752.05 5420.46 6368.94
9 (b) 7146.92 0.00 752.05 4086.33 6368.94
9 (c) 8701.48 0.00 752.05 5420.46 6368.94
9 (d) 6399.55 0.00 752.05 4086.33 6368.94
Page No. 89 of 117

11.3.2 Calculation of Pile Load by rivet theory in ULS case
Layout of Pile
Spacing in tran 7.20 Pile cap-tran 8.70 m
-1.80, 3.15 1.80, 3.15
Spacing in long 6.30 Pile cap-long 7.80 m
6
Transverse Spacing
1 -3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00 L

3
2 -1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92 1 T 3.60, 0.00
3 -1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92 4

4 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 -3.60, 0.00 0.00, 0.00 7
5 1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92
6 1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92
2 5
7 3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00
8 -1.80, -3.15 1.80, -3.15
Total = 7 38.88 39.69
Heq = sqrt(HL^2+HT^2)
Sl. Load s & Moments Horz. Load Vertical Load on respective pile
on each pile
No. V Heq ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
H
1 (a) 14717.8 415.6 3734.8 5292.5 59.4 1612.5 1561.1 2153.9 2102.5 2051.2 2644.0 2889.0
1 (b) 14614.3 553.3 6327.1 4951.6 79.0 1629.3 1356.4 2360.7 2087.8 1814.9 2819.2 3048.4
1 (c) 15191.4 384.1 3486.7 1828.4 54.9 2000.9 1808.8 2362.3 2170.2 1978.1 2531.6 2616.2
1 (d) 11125.8 415.6 3734.8 5292.5 59.4 1099.4 1048.0 1640.8 1589.4 1538.0 2130.8 2375.9
1 (e) 11022.4 553.3 6327.1 4951.6 79.0 1116.1 843.2 1847.5 1574.6 1301.7 2306.0 2535.3
1 (f) 11599.4 384.1 3486.7 1828.4 54.9 1487.8 1295.7 1849.1 1657.1 1465.0 2018.4 2103.1
2 13652.2 855.6 2105.1 9011.1 122.2 1116.0 1366.1 1700.2 1950.3 2200.4 2534.6 2951.8
3 (a) 15043.7 689.1 4590.7 9472.8 98.4 1272.0 1346.2 2074.9 2149.1 2223.3 2952.0 3390.6
3 (b) 14940.3 787.9 7183.0 9131.9 112.6 1288.8 1141.5 2281.6 2134.3 1987.0 3127.2 3549.9
3 (c) 15517.3 656.4 4342.6 6008.7 93.8 1660.4 1593.9 2283.2 2216.8 2150.3 2839.6 3117.8
3 (d) 11451.7 689.1 4590.7 9472.8 98.4 758.9 833.1 1561.7 1636.0 1710.2 2438.9 2877.4
3 (e) 11348.3 787.9 7183.0 9131.9 112.6 775.6 628.3 1768.5 1621.2 1473.9 2614.0 3036.8
3 (f) 11925.4 656.4 4342.6 6008.7 93.8 1147.3 1080.8 1770.1 1703.6 1637.2 2326.5 2604.6
4 (a) 14336.3 1963.4 18773.2 1004.7 280.5 1955.0 511.6 3491.5 2048.0 604.6 3584.5 3631.0
4 (b) 14322.5 2003.4 19155.4 924.3 286.2 1960.5 483.0 3523.6 2046.1 568.6 3609.1 3651.9
4 (c) 14346.2 1955.7 18715.3 510.9 279.4 2002.1 540.5 3511.1 2049.5 587.8 3558.4 3582.1
4 (d) 10744.4 1963.4 18773.2 1004.7 280.5 1441.9 -1.5 2978.3 1534.9 91.5 3071.4 3117.9
Page No. 90 of 117

4 (e) 10730.6 2003.4 19155.4 924.3 286.2 1447.4 -30.1 3010.4 1532.9 55.5 3096.0 3138.8
4 (f) 10754.2 1977.9 18757.4 470.5 282.6 1492.7 25.8 3003.2 1536.3 69.4 3046.8 3068.6
4 (g) 11897.6 1963.4 18773.2 1004.7 280.5 1606.6 163.2 3143.1 1699.7 256.2 3236.1 3282.6
4 (h) 11883.8 2003.4 19155.4 924.3 286.2 1612.1 134.6 3175.2 1697.7 220.2 3260.7 3303.5
4 (i) 11907.4 1977.9 18757.4 470.5 282.6 1657.5 190.6 3168.0 1701.1 234.2 3211.5 3233.3
4 (j) 8305.6 1963.4 18773.2 1004.7 280.5 1093.5 -349.9 2629.9 1186.5 -256.9 2723.0 2769.5
4 (k) 8291.8 2003.4 19155.4 924.3 286.2 1099.0 -378.5 2662.0 1184.5 -292.9 2747.6 2790.4
4 (l) 8315.4 1977.9 18757.4 470.5 282.6 1144.4 -322.5 2654.8 1187.9 -279.0 2698.4 2720.2
5 (a) 14360.9 2061.2 1253.2 21697.3 294.5 42.5 947.6 1146.5 2051.6 2956.6 3155.5 4160.0
5 (b) 14345.6 2039.6 1635.3 21586.2 291.4 50.6 920.2 1179.8 2049.4 2918.9 3178.5 4177.9
5 (c) 14371.8 2041.5 1237.4 21184.9 291.6 91.5 974.1 1170.5 2053.1 2935.7 3132.1 4112.9
5 (d) 10768.9 2061.2 1253.2 21697.3 294.5 -470.6 434.4 633.4 1538.4 2443.5 2642.4 3646.9
5 (e) 10753.6 2039.6 1635.3 21586.2 291.4 -462.5 407.1 666.7 1536.2 2405.8 2665.4 3664.7
5 (f) 10779.8 2041.5 1237.4 21184.9 291.6 -421.6 461.0 657.4 1540.0 2422.5 2619.0 3599.7
5 (g) 11873.0 2061.2 1253.2 21697.3 294.5 -312.9 592.2 791.1 1696.1 2601.2 2800.1 3804.6
5 (h) 11860.7 2039.6 1635.3 21586.2 291.4 -304.3 565.2 824.8 1694.4 2564.0 2823.5 3822.9
5(i) 11881.8 2041.5 1237.4 21184.9 291.6 -264.2 618.4 814.8 1697.4 2580.0 2776.4 3757.2
5 (j) 8281.1 2061.2 1253.2 21697.3 294.5 -826.0 79.0 278.0 1183.0 2088.1 2287.0 3291.5
5 (k) 8268.8 2039.6 1635.3 21586.2 291.4 -817.5 52.1 311.7 1181.3 2050.8 2310.4 3309.8
5 (l) 8289.9 2041.5 1237.4 21184.9 291.6 -777.3 105.3 301.7 1184.3 2066.8 2263.3 3244.0
6 (a) 9473.8 170.9 5681.6 304.7 24.4 1325.2 888.4 1790.2 1353.4 916.6 1818.4 1832.5
6 (b) 7171.9 170.9 4347.5 304.7 24.4 996.3 665.4 1355.5 1024.6 693.6 1383.7 1397.8
7 (a) 9665.1 458.0 6291.4 3138.5 65.4 1090.1 736.1 1734.7 1380.7 1026.7 2025.3 2170.6
7 (b) 9792.6 637.2 6726.0 5000.7 91.0 935.9 633.6 1701.2 1398.9 1096.7 2164.3 2395.8
7 (c) 7363.2 440.1 4999.4 3098.1 62.9 765.0 511.7 1305.2 1051.9 798.5 1592.1 1735.5
7 (d) 7490.7 619.9 5434.0 4960.4 88.6 610.8 409.2 1271.7 1070.1 868.5 1731.0 1960.7
8 (a) 9419.3 925.4 13933.9 304.7 132.2 1317.4 225.6 2437.4 1345.6 253.9 2465.6 2479.7
8 (b) 7117.3 925.4 12599.7 304.7 132.2 988.6 2.7 2002.6 1016.8 30.9 2030.8 2045.0
8 (c) 8731.1 925.4 13933.9 304.7 132.2 1219.1 127.3 2339.0 1247.3 155.5 2367.3 2381.4
8 (d) 6429.1 925.4 12599.7 304.7 132.2 890.2 -95.6 1904.3 918.4 -67.4 1932.5 1946.6
9 (a) 9448.9 752.0 5420.5 6368.9 107.4 760.1 624.8 1485.2 1349.8 1214.5 2074.9 2369.7
9 (b) 7146.9 752.0 4086.3 6368.9 107.4 431.3 401.8 1050.4 1021.0 991.5 1640.2 1935.0
9 (c) 8701.5 752.0 5420.5 6368.9 107.4 653.4 518.0 1378.4 1243.1 1107.7 1968.1 2263.0
9 (d) 6399.6 752.0 4086.3 6368.9 107.4 324.5 295.1 943.7 914.2 884.8 1533.4 1828.3
Page No. 91 of 117

11.3.3 Calculation of load & moment for pile in ULS case
E= Modulus of Elasticity of plie = 32308250 kN/m2 I= π*D4/64 = 0.102 m4
N value = 100.00 K1= Constant = 8000 kN/m2
T= (EI/K1)1/5 = 3.33
L1/T= = 2.70 Lf/T= (from fig.2 of Appendix B) = 1.90
(L1+Lf)= = 15.33 m
Moment (MF) for fixed head piles, refer Appendix B of IS:2911 MF = Q*(L1+Lf)/2xm m = 0.85

Deflection of pile , Y = ax2+bx+c Parabolic equation Pile top level
where x= 0 c= 0 and dy/dx = 0 b=0 Scour level
Deflection of pile , Y = ax2 where, x= 6.33 m = y 0.012 15.332
a= 0.0002993 6.33
70 mm
Vertical load (kN) Lateral load Moment (kN-
Sl. No.
Max Min (kN) m)

4 (a) 3631.0 511.6 280.5 1827.7
4 (b) 3651.9 483.0 286.2 1864.9
4 (c) 3582.1 540.5 279.4 1820.5
4 (d) 3117.9 -1.5 280.5 1827.7
4 (e) 3138.8 -30.1 286.2 1864.9
4 (f) 3068.6 25.8 282.6 1841.1
4 (g) 3282.6 163.2 280.5 1827.7
4 (h) 3303.5 134.6 286.2 1864.9
4 (i) 3233.3 190.6 282.6 1841.1
4 (j) 2769.5 -349.9 280.5 1827.7
4 (k) 2790.4 -378.5 286.2 1864.9
4 (l) 2720.2 -322.5 282.6 1841.1
5 (a) 4160.0 42.5 294.5 1918.7
5 (b) 4177.9 50.6 291.4 1898.6
Page No. 92 of 117

5 (c) 4112.9 91.5 291.6 1900.4
5 (d) 3646.9 -470.6 294.5 1918.7
5 (e) 3664.7 -462.5 291.4 1898.6
5 (f) 3599.7 -421.6 291.6 1900.4
5 (g) 3804.6 -312.9 294.5 1918.7
5 (h) 3822.9 -304.3 291.4 1898.6
5(i) 3757.2 -264.2 291.6 1900.4
5 (j) 3291.5 -826.0 294.5 1918.7
5 (k) 3309.8 -817.5 291.4 1898.6
5 (l) 3244.0 -777.3 291.6 1900.4
11.3.4 Design of Pier in Ultimate Limit State

1. Material data
Diameter of long bars (L1) = 32 mm Number of long bars = 14
= 25 mm = 14
Diameter of spiral/hoop = 16 mm Spacing spiral/hoop S L = 100.0 mm
[c] Reinforcement detail above column base (outside of potential plastic hinge location)
Page No. 93 of 117

As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
h0 = 2*Ac/u 600 mm φRH = 1.36
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.854
So, φef = 0.74 So , A = 0.871
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.38 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.447 C= 0.7

nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 0.74
1/r0 = fyd/(Es*0.45*d) = 0.0053 1/m
Load n = N ed / M Ed
N Ed (kN) M 0Ed (kNm) λ lim Kr e 2 (m)
case (A c f cd ) (kNm)
4 (a) 3631.01 1827.71 0.21 36.99 1.00 0.141 2340.57
4 (b) 3651.92 1864.86 0.21 36.88 1.00 0.141 2380.68
4 (c) 3582.10 1820.53 0.20 37.24 1.00 0.141 2326.49
4 (d) 3117.88 1827.71 0.18 39.91 1.00 0.141 2268.09
4 (e) 3138.79 1864.86 0.18 39.78 1.00 0.141 2308.20
4 (f) 3068.57 1841.15 0.17 40.23 1.00 0.141 2274.57
4 (g) 3282.62 1827.71 0.19 38.90 1.00 0.141 2291.36
4 (h) 3303.53 1864.86 0.19 38.78 1.00 0.141 2331.47
4 (i) 3233.31 1841.15 0.18 39.20 1.00 0.141 2297.84
4 (j) 2769.48 1827.71 0.16 42.35 1.00 0.141 2218.88
4 (k) 2790.39 1864.86 0.16 42.19 1.00 0.141 2258.99
4 (l) 2720.17 1841.15 0.15 42.73 1.00 0.141 2225.36
5 (a) 4160.02 1918.68 0.24 34.56 1.00 0.141 2506.27
5 (b) 4177.88 1898.60 0.24 34.48 1.00 0.141 2488.71
5 (c) 4112.89 1900.35 0.23 34.75 1.00 0.141 2481.28
Page No. 94 of 117

5 (d) 3646.88 1918.68 0.21 36.91 1.00 0.141 2433.79
5 (e) 3664.74 1898.60 0.21 36.82 1.00 0.141 2416.23
5 (f) 3599.75 1900.35 0.20 37.15 1.00 0.141 2408.80
5 (g) 3804.62 1918.68 0.22 36.13 1.00 0.141 2456.07
5 (h) 3822.91 1898.60 0.22 36.05 1.00 0.141 2438.57
5(i) 3757.18 1900.35 0.21 36.36 1.00 0.141 2431.04
5 (j) 3291.48 1918.68 0.19 38.85 1.00 0.141 2383.59
5 (k) 3309.77 1898.60 0.19 38.74 1.00 0.141 2366.09
5 (l) 3244.04 1900.35 0.18 39.13 1.00 0.141 2358.56
4 (a) 511.60 1827.71 0.03 98.54 1.00 0.000 1827.71
4 (b) 483.02 1864.86 0.03 101.41 1.00 0.000 1864.86
4 (c) 540.46 1820.53 0.03 95.87 1.00 0.000 1820.53
4 (d) -1.54 1827.71 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.141 1827.49
4 (e) -30.12 1864.86 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.141 1860.61
4 (f) 25.85 1841.15 0.00 438.40 1.00 0.000 1841.15
4 (g) 163.20 1827.71 0.01 174.46 1.00 0.000 1827.71
4 (h) 134.63 1864.86 0.01 192.09 1.00 0.000 1864.86
4 (i) 190.59 1841.15 0.01 161.44 1.00 0.000 1841.15
4 (j) -349.94 1827.71 -0.02 0.00 1.00 0.141 1778.28
4 (k) -378.51 1864.86 -0.02 0.00 1.00 0.141 1811.40
4 (l) -322.55 1841.15 -0.02 0.00 1.00 0.141 1795.59
5 (a) 42.55 1918.68 0.00 341.69 1.00 0.000 1918.68
5 (b) 50.64 1898.60 0.00 313.18 1.00 0.000 1898.60
5 (c) 91.54 1900.35 0.01 232.95 1.00 0.000 1900.35
5 (d) -470.59 1918.68 -0.03 0.00 1.00 0.141 1852.21
5 (e) -462.49 1898.60 -0.03 0.00 1.00 0.141 1833.27
5 (f) -421.60 1900.35 -0.02 0.00 1.00 0.141 1840.80
5 (g) -312.86 1918.68 -0.02 0.00 1.00 0.141 1874.49
5 (h) -304.33 1898.60 -0.02 0.00 1.00 0.141 1855.61
5(i) -264.16 1900.35 -0.01 0.00 1.00 0.141 1863.04
5 (j) -825.99 1918.68 -0.05 0.00 1.00 0.141 1802.01
5 (k) -817.47 1898.60 -0.05 0.00 1.00 0.141 1783.13
5 (l) -777.30 1900.35 -0.04 0.00 1.00 0.141 1790.56
d' = 95.500 mm d'/D = 0.080
Pt = 1.603 % Pt/fck = 0.046
Page No. 95 of 117

Load MU/ M Ed
N Ed (kN) P U / fckD^2 M U (kNm) Check
case fckD^3 (kNm)
1 3631.01 0.072 0.066 3995 > 2340.57 O.K.
2 3651.92 0.072 0.066 3995 > 2380.68 O.K.
3 3582.10 0.071 0.066 3995 > 2326.49 O.K.
4 3117.88 0.062 0.060 3629 > 2268.09 O.K.
5 3138.79 0.062 0.060 3629 > 2308.20 O.K.
6 3068.57 0.061 0.064 3884 > 2274.57 O.K.
7 3282.62 0.065 0.064 3884 > 2291.36 O.K.
8 3303.53 0.066 0.064 3884 > 2331.47 O.K.
9 3233.31 0.064 0.064 3884 > 2297.84 O.K.
10 2769.48 0.055 0.064 3884 > 2218.88 O.K.
11 2790.39 0.055 0.064 3884 > 2258.99 O.K.
12 2720.17 0.054 0.064 3884 > 2225.36 O.K.
13 4160.02 0.083 0.064 3884 > 2506.27 O.K.
14 4177.88 0.083 0.064 3884 > 2488.71 O.K.
15 4112.89 0.082 0.064 3884 > 2481.28 O.K.
16 3646.88 0.072 0.064 3884 > 2433.79 O.K.
17 3664.74 0.073 0.064 3884 > 2416.23 O.K.
18 3599.75 0.071 0.064 3884 > 2408.80 O.K.
19 3804.62 0.075 0.064 3884 > 2456.07 O.K.
20 3822.91 0.076 0.064 3884 > 2438.57 O.K.
21 3757.18 0.075 0.064 3884 > 2431.04 O.K.
22 3291.48 0.065 0.064 3884 > 2383.59 O.K.
23 3309.77 0.066 0.064 3884 > 2366.09 O.K.
24 3244.04 0.064 0.064 3884 > 2358.56 O.K.
25 511.60 0.010 0.056 3394 > 1827.71 O.K.
26 483.02 0.010 0.056 3394 > 1864.86 O.K.
27 540.46 0.011 0.056 3394 > 1820.53 O.K.
28 -1.54 0.000 0.054 3237 > 1827.49 O.K.
29 -30.12 -0.001 0.054 3237 > 1860.61 O.K.
30 25.85 0.001 0.054 3237 > 1841.15 O.K.
31 163.20 0.003 0.043 2577 > 1827.71 O.K.
32 134.63 0.003 0.043 2577 > 1864.86 O.K.
33 190.59 0.004 0.043 2577 > 1841.15 O.K.
34 -349.94 -0.007 0.036 2189 > 1778.28 O.K.
35 -378.51 -0.008 0.036 2189 > 1811.40 O.K.
36 -322.55 -0.006 0.036 2189 > 1795.59 O.K.
37 42.55 0.001 0.036 2189 > 1918.68 O.K.
38 50.64 0.001 0.036 2189 > 1898.60 O.K.
39 91.54 0.002 0.036 2189 > 1900.35 O.K.
40 -470.59 -0.009 0.036 2189 > 1852.21 O.K.
41 -462.49 -0.009 0.036 2189 > 1833.27 O.K.
42 -421.60 -0.008 0.036 2189 > 1840.80 O.K.
43 -312.86 -0.006 0.036 2189 > 1874.49 O.K.
Page No. 96 of 117

44 -304.33 -0.006 0.036 2189 > 1855.61 O.K.
45 -264.16 -0.005 0.036 2189 > 1863.04 O.K.
46 -825.99 -0.016 0.038 2304 > 1802.01 O.K.
47 -817.47 -0.016 0.038 2304 > 1783.13 O.K.
48 -777.30 -0.015 0.038 2304 > 1790.56 O.K.
11.4 Design of Pile in Servicibility Limit State

Outer Diameter of Column = 1200 mm
I, min = 0.102 m4
r, min = sqrt(I/A) = 0.300 m
Effective length of pier 1.0L = 6.332 m
L/r = 21.11
Hence, this is short Column < 50 Hence O.K
Minimum percentage of longitudinal steel as per IRC 78:2014 = 0.4 %
Asc = 4523.89 mm2
Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)

Service stage stage
3) Dead load +SIDL +water current force + bouyancy+ wind load - unloaded structure
Construction stage
Load Combination for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
7) Dead load +SIDL +water current force + bouyancy- service stage
8) Dead load +SIDL +water current force + bouyancy- construction stage
Page No. 97 of 117

Wind on Wind on
Water
Load Case DL SIDL Bouyancy LL(Max) unloaded loaded
current force
structure structure
Rare Combination
1 1 1.2 1 0.15
2 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
2 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
2 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
2 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1
2 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1
2 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1
3 (b) 1 1 1 0.15 1
4 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 1 0.6
4 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 1 0.6
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (b) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (d) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (e) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
5 (f) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
6 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
6 (b) 1 1 1 0.15 0.75 1.0
7 (a) 1 1.2 0 0.15
7 (b) 1 1 0 0.15
8 (a) 1 1.2 0 0.15
8 (b) 1 1 0 0.15
Page No. 98 of 117

Load Case V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
Rare Combination
1 9565.90 0.00 191.52 0.00 345.06
2 (a) 10701.27 245.90 191.52 2489.86 3643.33
2 (b) 10632.31 359.33 169.12 4232.10 3402.62
2 (c) 11017.02 238.04 169.12 2338.50 1320.48
2 (d) 10558.12 245.90 191.52 2489.86 3643.33
2 (e) 10489.16 359.33 169.12 4232.10 3402.62
2 (f) 10873.87 238.04 169.12 2338.50 1320.48
3 (a) 9990.91 140.90 616.54 1403.40 6122.43
3 (b) 9847.76 140.90 616.54 1403.40 6122.43
4 (a) 10918.56 303.34 408.81 3060.44 6430.22
4 (b) 10849.59 416.78 386.40 4802.68 6189.50
4 (c) 11234.31 295.48 386.40 2909.08 4107.37
4 (d) 10775.41 303.34 408.81 3060.44 6430.22
4 (e) 10706.44 416.78 386.40 4802.68 6189.50
4 (f) 11091.16 295.48 386.40 2909.08 4107.37
5 (a) 10779.57 280.17 553.67 2818.37 7463.57
5 (b) 10727.85 371.32 531.26 4135.57 7272.95
5 (c) 11016.38 280.35 531.26 2715.38 5711.35
5 (d) 10636.43 280.17 553.67 2818.37 7463.57
5 (e) 10584.70 371.32 531.26 4135.57 7272.95
5 (f) 10873.23 280.35 531.26 2715.38 5711.35
6 (a) 7009.46 97.02 459.97 4771.83 3408.47
6 (b) 6973.67 97.02 459.97 4743.20 3408.47
7 (a) 9565.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 (b) 9422.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 (a) 6386.20 0.00 0.00 3676.83 0.00
8 (b) 6350.41 0.00 0.00 3648.20 0.00
Page No. 99 of 117

11.4.1 Pile Load calculation by rivet theory in Serviceability Limit State
Spacing in tran 7.20 Pile cap-tran 8.70 m
Layout of Pile
-1.80,
Spacing in long 6.30 Pile cap-long 7.80 m 3.15
1.80, 3.15
1 -3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00

2 -1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92
Transverse Spacing
0.00, 0.00
3 -1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92
4 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 -3.60,
3.60, 0.00
5 1.80 -3.15 1 3.24 9.92 0.00
6 1.80 3.15 1 3.24 9.92

7 3.60 0.00 1 12.96 0.00
-1.80, - 1.80, -
Total = 7 38.88 39.69 3.15 3.15
Heq = sqrt(HL^2+HT^2)
Sl. Load s & Moments Horz. Load Vertical Load on respective pile
on each pile
No. V Heq ML MT H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
i) Servicibility Limit State
1 9565.9 191.5 0.0 345.1 27.4 1334.6 1350.6 1350.6 1366.6 1382.5 1382.5 1398.5
2 (a) 10701.3 311.7 2489.9 3643.3 44.5 1191.4 1162.5 1557.7 1528.8 1499.8 1895.0 1866.1
2 (b) 10632.3 397.1 4232.1 3402.6 56.7 1203.8 1025.5 1697.3 1518.9 1340.5 2012.3 1834.0
2 (c) 11017.0 292.0 2338.5 1320.5 41.7 1451.6 1327.1 1698.3 1573.9 1449.4 1820.6 1696.1
2 (d) 10558.1 311.7 2489.9 3643.3 44.5 1171.0 1142.0 1537.2 1508.3 1479.4 1874.6 1845.6
2 (e) 10489.2 397.1 4232.1 3402.6 56.7 1183.4 1005.0 1676.8 1498.5 1320.1 1991.9 1813.5
2 (f) 10873.9 292.0 2338.5 1320.5 41.7 1431.1 1306.7 1677.9 1553.4 1428.9 1800.1 1675.7
3 (a) 9990.9 632.4 1403.4 6122.4 90.3 860.4 1032.4 1255.2 1427.3 1599.3 1822.1 1994.2
3 (b) 9847.8 632.4 1403.4 6122.4 90.3 839.9 1012.0 1234.8 1406.8 1578.9 1801.7 1973.7
4 (a) 10918.6 509.1 3060.4 6430.2 72.7 964.4 1019.2 1505.0 1559.8 1614.6 2100.4 2155.2
4 (b) 10849.6 568.3 4802.7 6189.5 81.2 976.8 882.2 1644.6 1549.9 1455.3 2217.7 2123.0
4 (c) 11234.3 486.4 2909.1 4107.4 69.5 1224.6 1183.9 1645.6 1604.9 1564.2 2025.9 1985.2
4 (d) 10775.4 509.1 3060.4 6430.2 72.7 944.0 998.8 1484.5 1539.3 1594.1 2079.9 2134.7
4 (e) 10706.4 568.3 4802.7 6189.5 81.2 956.4 861.8 1624.1 1529.5 1434.9 2197.2 2102.6
4 (f) 11091.2 486.4 2909.1 4107.4 69.5 1204.1 1163.4 1625.2 1584.5 1543.7 2005.5 1964.8
5 (a) 10779.6 620.5 2818.4 7463.6 88.6 848.9 970.7 1418.1 1539.9 1661.8 2109.2 2231.0
5 (b) 10727.8 648.2 4135.6 7272.9 92.6 859.1 867.6 1524.1 1532.5 1541.0 2197.5 2206.0
5 (c) 11016.4 600.7 2715.4 5711.3 85.8 1044.9 1093.8 1524.9 1573.8 1622.7 2053.7 2102.6
5 (d) 10636.4 620.5 2818.4 7463.6 88.6 828.4 950.3 1397.6 1519.5 1641.3 2088.7 2210.6
5 (e) 10584.7 648.2 4135.6 7272.9 92.6 838.7 847.2 1503.6 1512.1 1520.6 2177.0 2185.5
Page No. 100 of 117

5 (f) 10873.2 600.7 2715.4 5711.3 85.8 1024.5 1073.4 1504.4 1553.3 1602.2 2033.2 2082.1
6 (a) 7009.5 470.1 4771.8 3408.5 67.2 685.8 464.8 1222.3 1001.4 780.4 1537.9 1316.9
6 (b) 6973.7 470.1 4743.2 3408.5 67.2 680.6 462.0 1214.9 996.2 777.6 1530.5 1311.8
7 (a) 9565.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1366.6 1366.6 1366.6 1366.6 1366.6 1366.6 1366.6
7 (b) 9422.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1346.1 1346.1 1346.1 1346.1 1346.1 1346.1 1346.1
8 (a) 6386.2 0.0 3676.8 0.0 0.0 912.3 620.5 1204.1 912.3 620.5 1204.1 912.3
8 (b) 6350.4 0.0 3648.2 0.0 0.0 907.2 617.7 1196.7 907.2 617.7 1196.7 907.2
11.4.2 Design Pile Load & moment in Servicibility Limit State
Vertical load (kN) Lateral load Moment (kN-
Sl. No.
Max Min (kN) m)
i) Servicibility Limit State
1 1398.5 1334.6 27.4 178.3
2 (a) 1895.0 1162.5 44.5 290.1
2 (b) 2012.3 1025.5 56.7 369.7
2 (c) 1820.6 1327.1 41.7 271.8
2 (d) 1874.6 1142.0 44.5 290.1
2 (e) 1991.9 1005.0 56.7 369.7
2 (f) 1800.1 1306.7 41.7 271.8
3 (a) 1994.2 860.4 90.3 588.7
3 (b) 1973.7 839.9 90.3 588.7
4 (a) 2155.2 964.4 72.7 473.9
4 (b) 2217.7 882.2 81.2 529.0
4 (c) 2025.9 1183.9 69.5 452.8
4 (d) 2134.7 944.0 72.7 473.9
4 (e) 2197.2 861.8 81.2 529.0
4 (f) 2005.5 1163.4 69.5 452.8
5 (a) 2231.0 848.9 88.6 577.6
5 (b) 2206.0 859.1 92.6 603.4
5 (c) 2102.6 1044.9 85.8 559.2
5 (d) 2210.6 828.4 88.6 577.6
5 (e) 2185.5 838.7 92.6 603.4
5 (f) 2082.1 1024.5 85.8 559.2
6 (a) 1537.9 464.8 67.2 437.6
6 (b) 1530.5 462.0 67.2 437.6
7 (a) 1366.6 1366.6 0.0 1.0
7 (b) 1346.1 1346.1 0.0 1.0
8 (a) 1204.1 620.5 0.0 1.0
8 (b) 1196.7 617.7 0.0 1.0
Page No. 101 of 117

11.4.3 Confinment Reinforcement
Hence provide main reinforcement = 14 Nos. 32 T
= 14 Nos. 25 T
and Lateral ties 16 T @ 100 c/c for bottom 3600 mm
10 T @ 150 c/c due to ductile detailing
Asc provided = 18131.702 mm2
Percentage of steel = 1.603 % Hence O.K
For Circular Column
As per Clause No. 17.2.1.1 of IRC-112 -2011,
Axial Load NED 4177.9 kN
fcd = 15.61 MPa
Dsp Dia ofspiral Reinforcement = 1034.0 mm
Asp Area ofspiral Reinforcement = 201.1 mm2
D Diameter of Column = 1200 mm
Dk Diameter of Core measured to the outside of the spiral = 1050 mm
Clear cover = 75 mm
fck = M35
fy = Fe500
Ak Area of the Concrete core =PI()/4*Dk^2 = 865901.5 mm2
nk=NED/Acfck = 0.1055
Dia of Long reinforcement = 32 mm
25 mm
No of Long reinforcement = 14
14
Asc = 18132 mm2
ρL = 0.01603
ω reqd 0.37*(Ac/Acc)*nk+0.13*fyd/fcd(ρ
ρL-0.01) = 0.07285
ω wd.c > max(1.4*ω
ωreqd,0.18) = 0.18
ρw ωwdfcd/fyd = 0.00646
SL = Specing of spiral or hoop 4Asp/Dsp*ρw = 120.37 mm
Min hoop spacing SL<= 5 Times dia of long bar = 160 mm
Page No. 102 of 117

say 100 mm
upto 3600 mm
Hence provide 16 T @ 100 c/c for bottom 3600 mm
11.4.4 Flexure design of Pile in Servicibility Limit State

(b) Material Data
Es 200000 Mpa
Creep Coefficient, = 1 E of concrete 32308 MPa
Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) 16154 MPa
Modular Ratio 12.38
(c) Geometric data
Clear cover (d'') = = 75.0 mm Effective cover (d'=d''+φ/2) = 107 mm
Diameter of column (d) = 1200 mm
Bar Diameter (φ) 32 mm Number of bars 14 Nos.
Bar Diameter (φ) 25 mm Number of bars 14 Nos.
2
Reinforcement area (Ast) = 18131.70 mm Reinforcement % 1.603
Min reinforcement % 0.400 (Ok)
2
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 1337326 mm
4
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 1.519E+11 mm
Stress check
Page No. 103 of 117

Bending Angle at centre Dist. bet.
Load Meq Comp. Neutral axis of the circle centre of
V (kN) stress Check
Case (kN-m) stress (Mpa) depth (n) (rad) cracked section
(Mpa) to centre of
1 1334.61 178.28 1.70 0.29 Uncracked section 1329.0 6.28 0.00
2 (a) 1162.47 290.13 2.01 -0.28 Uncracked section 952.1 4.40 79.45
2 (b) 1025.49 369.68 2.23 -0.69 Uncracked section 758.3 3.68 171.58
2 (c) 1327.13 271.81 2.07 -0.08 Uncracked section 1065.0 4.92 34.24
2 (d) 1142.02 290.13 2.00 -0.29 Uncracked section 942.1 4.35 83.84
2 (e) 1005.04 369.68 2.21 -0.71 Uncracked section 749.0 3.64 176.32
2 (f) 1306.68 271.81 2.05 -0.10 Uncracked section 1056.1 4.87 37.45
3 (a) 860.38 588.71 2.97 -1.68 Cracked section 547.1 2.97 283.46
3 (b) 839.93 588.71 2.95 -1.70 Cracked section 542.1 2.95 286.18
4 (a) 964.40 473.87 2.59 -1.15 Uncracked section 634.9 3.26 235.90
4 (c) 1183.87 452.81 2.67 -0.90 Uncracked section 731.3 3.58 185.33
4 (d) 943.95 473.87 2.58 -1.17 Uncracked section 627.9 3.23 239.62
4 (e) 861.78 529.05 2.73 -1.44 Cracked section 571.6 3.05 270.06
4 (f) 1163.42 452.81 2.66 -0.92 Uncracked section 723.7 3.56 189.25
5 (c) 1044.94 559.17 2.99 -1.43 Cracked section 608.4 3.17 250.13
5 (d) 828.42 577.62 2.90 -1.66 Cracked section 543.2 2.95 285.60
5 (e) 838.68 603.36 3.01 -1.76 Cracked section 537.0 2.93 289.04
5 (f) 1024.49 559.17 2.97 -1.44 Cracked section 602.6 3.15 253.22
7 (a) 1366.56 1.00 1.03 1.02 Uncracked section 133672.0 6.28 0.00 0
7 (b) 1346.11 1.00 1.01 1.00 Uncracked section 131680.6 6.28 0.00 0
8 (a) 620.50 1.00 0.47 0.46 Uncracked section 61023.0 6.28 0.00 0
8 (b) 617.66 1.00 0.47 0.46 Uncracked section 60746.4 6.28 0.00 0
Page No. 104 of 117

Eff. M.I. of
Cross-sectional Eff.area of Net
Load M.I. of cracked Eccentricity cracked Calculated ycal-yassum
area of cracked cracked eccentricity Yassumed (mm)
Case section (mm2)
section (mm4)
section (mm2)
(mm)
(mm)
section NA (mm) (mm) 0
(mm4)
1 1130973 1.01788E+11 1337326 0.00 133.58 1.3023E+11 728.97 728.97 0.00 0
2 (a) 962295 60344669281 1168647 65.42 184.16 8.9855E+10 417.50 417.50 0.00 0
2 (b) 753202 30273290907 959554 134.68 225.81 6.348E+10 292.96 292.96 0.00 0
2 (c) 1061058 81581048838 1267410 28.66 176.15 1.1022E+11 493.71 493.71 0.00 0
2 (d) 952481 58541055301 1158833 68.91 185.14 8.8171E+10 410.96 410.96 0.00 0
2 (e) 742374 29111397491 948726 137.97 229.86 6.2569E+10 286.92 286.92 0.00
2 (f) 1054204 79891968445 1260556 31.32 176.69 1.0857E+11 487.46 487.46 0.00
3 (a) 502096 10491307674 708449 200.90 483.35 5.068E+10 148.00 148.00 0.00 0
3 (b) 496172 10179415222 702524 202.12 498.78 5.0554E+10 144.27 144.27 0.00 0
4 (a) 607336 17113492085 813688 176.07 315.28 5.4122E+10 210.97 210.97 0.00 0
4 (b) 538385 12537556610 744737 192.95 406.73 5.1602E+10 170.36 170.36 0.00 0
4 (c) 721833 26995313427 928186 144.12 238.36 6.0945E+10 275.47 275.47 0.00 0
4 (d) 599009 16510159229 805361 178.22 323.78 5.376E+10 206.17 206.17 0.00 0
4 (e) 531435 12127223121 737787 194.52 419.38 5.1405E+10 166.14 166.14 0.00 0
4 (f) 712881 26108077439 919234 146.77 242.43 6.0278E+10 270.48 270.48 0.00 0
5 (a) 503492 10565663589 709844 200.60 479.85 5.0711E+10 148.88 148.88 0.00 0
5 (b) 495696 10154598109 702048 202.22 500.07 5.0544E+10 143.97 143.97 0.00 0
5 (c) 575531 14885726388 781883 184.12 351.00 5.2827E+10 192.49 192.49 0.00 0
5 (d) 497441 10245698228 703793 201.86 495.39 5.058E+10 145.07 145.07 0.00 0
5 (e) 489975 9859621945 696327 203.38 516.03 5.0428E+10 140.34 140.34 0.00 0
5 (f) 568664 14431493421 775016 185.80 360.00 5.2578E+10 188.44 188.44 0.00 0
6 (a) 437528 7407899979 643880 213.02 728.38 4.9626E+10 105.81 105.81 0.00 0
6 (b) 436542 7366034305 642894 213.18 734.01 4.9615E+10 105.14 105.14 0.00 0
7 (a) 1130973 1.01788E+11 1337326 0.00 0.73 1.3023E+11 133071.96 133071.96 0.00 0
7 (b) 1130973 1.01788E+11 1337326 0.00 0.74 1.3023E+11 131080.59 131080.59 0.00 0
8 (a) 1130973 1.01788E+11 1337326 0.00 1.61 1.3023E+11 60423.00 60423.00 0.00 0
8 (b) 1130973 1.01788E+11 1337326 0.00 1.62 1.3023E+11 60146.42 60146.42 0.00 0
Page No. 105 of 117

Compressive
Load Stress at neutral stress in
Tensile stress
Case axis (Mpa) in steel (σsbt)
concrete (σcbc)
1 0.000 1.82 4.00

2 (a) 0.000 2.27 -4.16
2 (b) 0.000 2.77 -15.12
2 (c) 0.000 2.26 -0.73
2 (d) 0.000 2.26 -4.48
2 (e) 0.000 2.77 -15.73 Maximum compressive stress = 4.61 Mpa
2 (f) 0.000 2.25 -0.97 < 16.80 Mpa
3 (a) 0.000 4.49 -55.46 Hence O.K.
3 (b) 0.000 4.49 -56.52
4 (a) 0.000 3.57 -31.86 Maximum tensile stress = -59.08 Mpa
4 (b) 0.000 4.02 -44.39 < 400.00 Mpa
4 (c) 0.000 3.39 -20.73 Hence O.K.
4 (d) 0.000 3.57 -32.73
4 (e) 0.000 4.02 -45.38
4 (f) 0.000 3.39 -21.39
5 (a) 0.000 4.40 -54.17
5 (b) 0.000 4.60 -58.01
5 (c) 0.000 4.22 -41.66
5 (d) 0.000 4.41 -55.23
5 (e) 0.000 4.61 -59.08
5 (f) 0.000 4.23 -42.59
6 (a) 0.000 3.36 -50.70
6 (b) 0.000 3.36 -50.86
7 (a) 0.000 1.03 12.60
7 (b) 0.000 1.01 12.42
8 (a) 0.000 0.47 5.70
8 (b) 0.000 0.47 5.67
Page No. 106 of 117

Where,
σsc = -5.70 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
Diameter = 1200 mm Ac,eff = 187972 mm2
fct,eff = = 1.29 Mpa εsm-εcm = -1.71E-05
>= 0.6σsc/Es= -1.71E-05
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 28.9 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 360.4 mm Crack width, Wk = = -0.006 mm
< 0.3 mm OK
Description 7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b)
As 18131.7 18131.7 18131.7 18131.7
Diameter 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0 1200.0
Actual NA 133672 131681 61023 60746
hc,eff 267.5 267.5 267.5 267.5
Ac,eff 187971.6 187971.6 187971.6 187971.6
ρp,eff 0.096 0.096 0.096 0.096
εsm-εcm 0.00004 0.00004 0.00002 0.00002
φeq 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9
Crack width, Wk 0.014 0.013 0.006 0.006
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Page No. 107 of 117

12.0 Design of Pile cap
The design of pile cap has been based on the bending theory.
Dia of the pile , D = 1.2 m No. of piles = 7
Size of Pile cap Width along T-T = 8.70 m
Width along L-L= 7.80 m
Depth of earth over pile cap = 0.00 m Thickness of pilecap = 1.80 m
Clear cover = 75 mm Dia. of tranverse reinf. = 32 mm
Eff. depth for A-, = 1.697 m Dia. of longitudinal reinf. = 32 mm
Eff. depth for B-B = 1.665 m Dia. of re-bar used at top = 16 mm
Dia. of shear reinf. = 12 mm
3 3
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m Unit weight of soil = 19 kN/m
A
0.75 3.60 3.60 0.75
Layout of Pile
0.75
6 4
3
L
3.15
B B
Long Direction
7 5
4
2.000
1 T
3.15
2 5
6 0.75
Trans Direction
3.600 A
Bending moment and shear force due to self weight of pile & earth fill
Along A-A Projected length from face of column for BM = 2.550 m
Downward Bending moment at A-A (incl. 15% submergence) = 1072.7 kN-m
Downward Shear force at A-A (incl. 15% submergence) = 281.4 kN-m
Along B-B Projected length from face of column for BM = 2.900 m
Downward Bending moment at B-B (incl. 15% submergence) = 1547.5 kN-m
Downward Shear force at B-B (incl. 15% submergence) = 0.0 kN-m
Summary Along A-A Along B-B
Load Case Factor
BM (kN-m) Shear (kN) BM (kN-m) Shear (kN)
ULS case 1.35 1448.2 379.9 2089.1 0.0
SLS case 1.00 1072.7 281.4 1547.5 0.0
Along A-A lever arm of pile = 1.800 m
Along B-B lever arm of pile = 2.150 m
Page No. 108 of 118

12.1 Moment & shear force on pile cap
Moment at Shear at Moment at Shear at dist
Effective load for A-A A-A (kN- dist D Effective load for B-B B-B (kN- D at B-B
Sl. No. m) at A-A (kN) m) (kN)
Pile 7 Pile 5 Pile 6 Pile3 Pile6

1 (a) 2889.0 1025.6 1322.0 7977.6 519.00 2153.9 2644.0 8226.4 3878.31
1 (b) 3048.4 907.4 1409.6 8209.5 541.12 2360.7 2819.2 9047.5 4187.02
1 (c) 2616.2 989.1 1265.8 7319.7 456.26 2362.3 2531.6 8432.7 3955.86
1 (d) 2375.9 769.0 1065.4 6130.3 342.82 1640.8 2130.8 6019.9 3048.73
1 (e) 2535.3 650.9 1153.0 6362.2 364.94 1847.5 2306.0 6841.0 3357.45
1 (f) 2103.1 732.5 1009.2 5472.4 280.08 1849.1 2018.4 6226.2 3126.28
2 2951.8 1100.2 1267.3 8126.5 533.20 1700.2 2534.6 7015.7 3423.12
3 (a) 3390.6 1111.7 1476.0 9312.6 646.32 2074.9 2952.0 8718.7 4063.40
3 (b) 3549.9 993.5 1563.6 9544.5 668.43 2281.6 3127.2 9539.8 4372.11
3 (c) 3117.8 1075.1 1419.8 8654.7 583.57 2283.2 2839.6 8925.0 4140.95
3 (d) 2877.4 855.1 1219.4 7465.3 470.14 1561.7 2438.9 6512.2 3233.82
3 (e) 3036.8 736.9 1307.0 7697.2 492.26 1768.5 2614.0 7333.3 3542.54
3 (f) 2604.6 818.6 1163.2 6807.4 407.40 1770.1 2326.5 6718.5 3311.37
4 (a) 3631.0 302.3 1792.3 8857.9 602.95 3491.5 3584.5 13124.2 5719.74
4 (b) 3651.9 284.3 1804.6 8885.3 605.56 3523.6 3609.1 13246.2 5765.59
4 (c) 3582.1 293.9 1779.2 8731.2 590.87 3511.1 3558.4 13110.5 5714.59
4 (d) 3117.9 45.7 1535.7 7010.6 426.77 2978.3 3071.4 10917.7 4890.17
4 (e) 3138.8 27.7 1548.0 7038.0 429.38 3010.4 3096.0 11039.7 4936.01
4 (f) 3068.6 34.7 1523.4 6879.8 414.30 3003.2 3046.8 10918.4 4890.42
4 (g) 3282.6 128.1 1618.1 7603.6 483.33 3143.1 3236.1 11626.1 5156.51
4 (h) 3303.5 110.1 1630.4 7631.0 485.94 3175.2 3260.7 11748.1 5202.35
4 (i) 3233.3 117.1 1605.8 7472.9 470.86 3168.0 3211.5 11626.8 5156.75
4 (j) 2769.5 -128.5 1361.5 5756.3 307.16 2629.9 2723.0 9419.6 4326.93
4 (k) 2790.4 -146.5 1373.8 5783.7 309.77 2662.0 2747.6 9541.6 4372.78
4 (l) 2720.2 -139.5 1349.2 5625.6 294.69 2654.8 2698.4 9420.3 4327.18
5 (a) 4160.0 1478.3 1577.8 11540.8 858.82 1146.5 3155.5 7160.3 3477.47
5 (b) 4177.9 1459.5 1589.3 11559.7 860.63 1179.8 3178.5 7281.3 3522.97
5 (c) 4112.9 1467.8 1566.1 11416.0 846.92 1170.5 3132.1 7161.6 3477.96
5 (d) 3646.9 1221.7 1321.2 9693.5 682.64 633.4 2642.4 4953.8 2647.90
5 (e) 3664.7 1202.9 1332.7 9712.4 684.45 666.7 2665.4 5074.8 2693.40
5 (f) 3599.7 1211.3 1309.5 9568.7 670.74 657.4 2619.0 4955.1 2648.39
5 (g) 3804.6 1300.6 1400.1 10261.3 736.80 791.1 2800.1 5632.0 2902.90
5 (h) 3822.9 1282.0 1411.8 10281.8 738.75 824.8 2823.5 5754.9 2949.09
5(i) 3757.2 1290.0 1388.2 10135.5 724.80 814.8 2776.4 5632.0 2902.91
5 (j) 3291.5 1044.0 1143.5 8414.0 560.62 278.0 2287.0 3425.5 2073.33
5 (k) 3309.8 1025.4 1155.2 8434.5 562.57 311.7 2310.4 3548.4 2119.52
5 (l) 3244.0 1033.4 1131.6 8288.2 548.62 301.7 2263.3 3425.5 2073.33
6 (a) 1832.5 458.3 909.2 4311.9 169.40 1790.2 1818.4 5669.5 2917.00
6 (b) 1397.8 346.8 691.9 2937.5 38.32 1355.5 1383.7 3800.2 2214.18
7 (a) 2170.6 513.4 1012.7 5205.8 254.65 1734.7 2025.3 5995.1 3039.41
7 (b) 2395.8 548.3 1082.1 5799.1 311.23 1701.2 2164.3 6221.7 3124.61
7 (c) 1735.5 399.3 796.0 3827.3 123.18 1305.2 1592.1 4140.1 2342.00
7 (d) 1960.7 434.2 865.5 4420.5 179.76 1271.7 1731.0 4366.8 2427.20
8 (a) 2479.7 126.9 1232.8 5462.8 279.16 2437.4 2465.6 8452.2 3963.22
8 (b) 2045.0 15.4 1015.4 4088.3 148.07 2002.6 2030.8 6582.9 3260.40
8 (c) 2381.4 77.8 1183.6 5108.8 245.40 2339.0 2367.3 8029.5 3804.27
8 (d) 1946.6 -33.7 966.3 3734.4 114.32 1904.3 1932.5 6160.1 3101.45
9 (a) 2369.7 607.2 1037.4 5777.8 309.20 1485.2 2074.9 5565.0 2877.72
9 (b) 1935.0 495.8 820.1 4403.4 178.12 1050.4 1640.2 3695.7 2174.90
9 (c) 2263.0 553.9 984.1 5393.5 272.55 1378.4 1968.1 5105.9 2705.11
9 (d) 1828.3 442.4 766.7 4019.0 141.47 943.7 1533.4 3236.6 2002.30
11560 860.6 13246.2 5765.6
Page No. 109 of 118

ii) Servicibility limit State
1 1398.5 691.3 691.3 3933.2 195.97 1350.6 1382.5 4328.7 2209.27
2 (a) 1866.1 749.9 947.5 5341.6 330.30 1557.7 1895.0 5875.9 2790.95
2 (b) 1834.0 670.3 1006.2 5246.0 321.18 1697.3 2012.3 6428.1 2998.56
2 (c) 1696.1 724.7 910.3 4923.3 290.40 1698.3 1820.6 6018.2 2844.45
2 (d) 1845.6 739.7 937.3 5268.0 323.28 1537.2 1874.6 5787.9 2757.89
2 (e) 1813.5 660.0 995.9 5172.4 314.16 1676.8 1991.9 6340.1 2965.50
2 (f) 1675.7 714.5 900.1 4849.7 283.38 1677.9 1800.1 5930.2 2811.39
3 (a) 1994.2 799.7 911.1 5596.1 354.57 1255.2 1822.1 5068.7 2487.49
3 (b) 1973.7 789.4 900.8 5522.5 347.55 1234.8 1801.7 4980.8 2454.43
4 (a) 2155.2 807.3 1050.2 6150.1 407.40 1505.0 2100.4 6204.1 2914.34
4 (b) 2123.0 727.7 1108.8 6054.4 398.28 1644.6 2217.7 6756.3 3121.96
4 (c) 1985.2 782.1 1013.0 5731.8 367.51 1645.6 2025.9 6346.4 2967.85
4 (d) 2134.7 797.1 1040.0 6076.5 400.38 1484.5 2079.9 6116.1 2881.28
4 (e) 2102.6 717.4 1098.6 5980.8 391.26 1624.1 2197.2 6668.3 3088.90
4 (f) 1964.8 771.9 1002.7 5658.1 360.49 1625.2 2005.5 6258.4 2934.78
5 (a) 2231.0 830.9 1054.6 6337.0 425.22 1418.1 2109.2 6036.1 2851.18
5 (b) 2206.0 770.5 1098.7 6262.7 418.14 1524.1 2197.5 6453.8 3008.25
5 (c) 2102.6 811.3 1026.8 6020.7 395.06 1524.9 2053.7 6146.4 2892.66
5 (d) 2210.6 820.7 1044.4 6263.3 418.20 1397.6 2088.7 5948.1 2818.12
5 (e) 2185.5 760.3 1088.5 6189.1 411.12 1503.6 2177.0 6365.9 2975.18
5 (f) 2082.1 801.1 1016.6 5947.1 388.04 1504.4 2033.2 6058.5 2859.60
6 (a) 1316.9 390.2 768.9 3384.3 143.63 1222.3 1537.9 4386.8 2231.11
6 (b) 1311.8 388.8 765.2 3365.9 141.87 1214.9 1530.5 4355.1 2219.17
7 (a) 1366.6 683.3 683.3 3846.9 187.75 1366.6 1366.6 4328.7 2209.27
7 (b) 1346.1 673.1 673.1 3773.3 180.72 1346.1 1346.1 4240.8 2176.21
8 (a) 912.3 310.3 602.1 2211.6 31.79 1204.1 1204.1 3630.3 1946.67
8 (b) 907.2 308.8 598.4 2193.2 30.03 1196.7 1196.7 3598.5 1934.73
Maximum moment & shear 6337.0 425.2 6756.3 3122.0

Consider rectangular beam for design of cross girder.
7800 0.00350 17.87
17703 kN
157.61
NA NA
1697
0.0342 17703 kN
Along section A-A
R = Mu/bd2 = 0.515 MPa Maximum Design Moment = 11560 kN-m
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 1.94 MPa Where, Lower fractile tensile fctm
pt = fck/(2*fy)*(1-sqrt(1-(4.598*R/fck))*100
Min. reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013b = 17207.6 mm2
0 Nos. 150 c/c > Hence O.K.
Page No. 110 of 118
Total ultimate compressive force= 17703 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 17703 kN
i) Along section A-A ii) Along section B-B
Max Moment A-A 11559.7 13246.2
Width 7800 8700
Depth 1697 1665
R = Mu/bd2 0.51 0.55
pt 0.0012 0.0013
Minimum pt 0.0013 0.0013
Ast required for bending 17207.6 18831.2
Ast required for shear 2135.2 10509
Total Ast required 17207.6 18831.2
1st layers 32 dia 32 dia
Reinf provided 150 c/c 150 c/c
2nd layers 0 dia 0 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c
Ast provided 40716.4 45541.9
Actual NA 158 158
Strain in steel 0.0342 0.0334
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8
Total tension = 17703 19801
Total compression 17703 19801
Difference of force 0 0
Compressive force CG 65.6 65.7
Moment of resistance 28881 31666
Factor of Safety 2.498 2.391
pt, provised 0.00308 0.00314
11.3 Shear design

Hence, VRD= VRd.s
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.34 z = 1631 mm
σCP = = 0.00 MPa VRD,C = 4538.0 kN
Hence shear reinforcement required < 5765.6 kN
Page No. 111 of 118

Hence Provide 14 - L 16 Stirrups @ 300 c/c
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,S = (A sw /s) z f ywd Cotθ
Description i) Along section A-A ii) Along section B-B

Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 0.0 0.0
Design Shear Force of the concrete (kN) 860.6 5765.6
Maximum shear capacity of pile cap (kN) 61793.6 67623.9
Width of beam, b (mm) 7800 8700
Effective depth, d 1697 1665
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 1631 1599
K= 1.34 1.35
vmin = 0.31 0.31
p1 = 0.0031 0.0031
VRD,C= 4538.04 5014.36
Shear reinf. Shear reinf.
Check Not required required
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm) 7.104 7.923
Area of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 2814.87 2814.87
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 300.000 150.000
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm2/mm) 9.383 18.766
Angle of compression strut θ (degrees) 11.39 555.34
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s (kN) 26419 38052
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord αcw 1.000 1.000
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max (kN) 26419 38052
Difference in shear resistance (kN) 0.0 0.0
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 26419 38052
Factor of Safety associated with failure 30.70 6.60
Longitudinal tensile force ∆Ftd (kN) 2135 10509
Area of steel required for shear due stut & tie model 418 2058
Page No. 112 of 118

12.4 Punching Shear Stress Check
VED.red = Net applied Shear force for concentric loading = VED - ∆VED
VED = The applied Shear Force
∆VED = The net Upward/downward force within the control perimeter considered
vED.red = Punching shear stress for concentric loading at control perimeter considered = VED.red /ud
Punching shear stress for ecentric loading at control perimeter considered = βVED.red /ud
Where, β= 1+k*MED*u/(VED.red*W) For internal circular column, β= 1+0.6*π(e/(D+4d)
u = The perimeter at control perimeter considered
D = The dimeter of Column
d = Effective depth of the section, for bothway reinforcement d = (dx+dy)/2
MED = Moment of the column
e = the ecentricity = MED / VED.red
VRD= Punching Shear Resistance at control perimeter at distance a from face of column
[0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33*2d/a Subject to minimum vmin*2d/a
Where, K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 vmin = 0.031K^1.5xfck^0.5
p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 fck = Grade of concrete M40
vRd.max = 1/2*v*fcd Where, v= 0.6*(1-fck/310) fcd = = 15.6 Mpa
12.4.1 The pier base - punching shear stress check 8700

a) At the column perimeter vED < vRd.max
From ULS load combination of pier base
VED max = 18009 kN cores. MED = 6337 kN-m
VED = 16530 kN cores.MEDmax = 13712 kN-m
d (avg)= 1681 mm ∆VED = 718 kN 7800 2000
VED.red1= 18727 kN e1 = 0.34 m
VED.red2= 17248 kN e2 = 0.80 m
u = 6283 mm vRd.max = 4.085 Mpa
vED1 = 2.338 Mpa vED2 = 2.857 Mpa
< 4.085 Mpa < 4.085 Mpa Hence o.k.
b) At distance d of column face

Eff. Dia of control section D+2xd = 5362 mm > 7800.0 mm
So, one way shear governs.
Page No. 113 of 118

12.4.2 Edge pile - punching shear stress check Diameter of pile = 1200 mm
a) At the pile perimeter From ULS load combination of pile
u = 2142 mm vRd.max = 4.085 Mpa
b) At distance 1200mm from pile perimeter Eff. Diameter = 3600 mm

VED.red = 3446 kN M ED = 1919 kN-m e = 0.56 m
u1 = 4027 mm K = 1.34 p1 = 0.004
vRd = [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33*2d/a = 1.082 Mpa β= u1/u2= 0.842
12.5. Servicebility limit State Method

12.5.1. Stress Check Along section A-A Design moment = 6337.0 kN-m
Bending Compression of concrete 19.20= Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete= 1.94 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete = 32308 MPa
Creep Coefficient, φ = 1 Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) = 16154 MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ecm = 12.38 Tensile stress of steel = 400 Mpa
Width of Section = 7800 mm Depth of Section = 1800 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm Effective depth, d = 1697 mm
Minimum reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 17207.58 mm2
Balanced neutral axis depth = = 632.6 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 408.16 mm
Strain in steel = 0.00050 MPa Stress in steel = 99.7 MPa
Strain in steel = 0.00033 MPa Comp. stress of concrete = 2.55 Mpa
0.00016 2.55
4059.68
408.2
NA NA
4059.68
0.00050
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok =
Total compressive force = 4059.68 kN Total tensile force = 4059.68 kN
Compressive force CG = 136.05 mm Moment of resistance = 6336.96 kNm
Page No. 114 of 118

Description 1 2 (a) 1 2 (a)
h or D 1800 1800 1800 1800
b 7800 7800 8700 8700
d 1697 1697 1665 1665
Moment 6336.96 3846.89 6756.3 4328.7
Reinf provided 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
Ast provided 40716 40716.4 45541.9 45541.9
Stress in concrete 2.6 1.5 2.5 2.6=MPa
1.6 Max comp stress O.K.
Actual NA 408 408 404 404
Stress in steel 99.7 60.5 96.9 62.1 Max tens stress
99.7
= MPa O.K.
Total ultimate tensile force = 4060 2464 4415 2829
Total ultimate compressive force 4060 2464 4415 2829
Moment of resistance 6337 3847 6756 4329
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
σsc = 60.53 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm 6.190=
257.5 mm
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.0001816
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ 32.0 mm k2 = 0.5
< 0.3 mm OK
Description
As 40716.4 45541.9
Actual NA 408 404
hc,eff 257.5 337.5
ρp,eff 0.020 0.016
εsm-εcm 0.00018 0.00019
φeq 32.0 32.0
c 91.0 123.0
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2206.1 mm2/m
Minimum tranverse reinforcement Longitudinal direction = 1167.7 mm2/m
Tranverse direction = 936.0 mm2/m
As per clause 16.5.4 (4) of IRC-112:2011,the area of surface reinforcement is 0.01 Act ext.
Where Act ext is the area of cover = 750.0 mm2
Hence provide top reinforcement both direction
16 dia @ 150 c/c Ast = 2680.8 mm2/m
Side face reinf. 0.1% bd = 1697.0 mm2/m
Hence provide side face reinforcement 16 dia @ 150 c/c Ast = 2147.3 mm2
Reinforcement details
Bottom Tranverse direction 32 dia @ 150 c/c
Bottom Longitudinal direction 32 dia @ 150 c/c
Top reinforcement both direction 16 dia @ 150 c/c
16 dia @ 150 c/c
Side face reinforcement 16 dia @ 150 c/c
Stirrups along tranverse direction 14 L 16 dia
Page No. 115 of 118 @ 300 c/c
12.0 Design of pile for intial pile load test
12.1 Calculation of fixity depth (Free head Condition)
E= Modulus of Elasticity of=plie 32308250 kN/m2 I= π*D4/64 = 0.102 m4
K1= Refer table 3 of Annex C of IS:2911(PartI/Sec2)
1/5
T= (EI/K1 ) = 3.33 = 8000 kN/m2
L1/T= = 2.70 Lf/T= (from fig.2 of Appendix B)= 1.90
(L1+Lf)= = 15.33 m
For Free head Pile Y = Q(L1+Lf)3/(3EI)
Y = lateral deflection at scour level 1% of pile diameter = 12 mm

2
Deflection of pile , Y =ax +bx+c Parabolic equation Pile top level
where x= 0 c= 0 and dy/dx =0 b=0 Scour level
2
Deflection of pile , Y = ax where, x= 6.33 m = y 0.012 15.332
a= 0.000299 6.33
70 mm
3
Q = Lateral capacity of pile for free head condition=3EIY/(L1+Lf) = 193 kN > 175 kNHence O.K.
=12EIY/(L1+Lf)3=
Q = Lateral capacity of pile for fixed head condition 770 kN For normal case only
Moment (MF) for free head piles, refer Appendix B of IS:2911

MF = Q*(L1+Lf)xm
Where, m = 0.7 = 1878.16 kN-m
12.2 Type of test and test load

Case 1:- Vertical load test Maximum vertical load on pile = 2283 kN
say = 2300 kN
(Considering minimum ecentricity =D/30) Factored Moment = 138 kN-m
Lateral load Test

Case 2:- Depth of fixity = 15.33 m
Vertical load - self wt of pile upto fixity depth= 260 kN
Factored Moment 1.5 x 1,878.16 = 2817 kN-m
12.3 Design of Pile in Ultimate Limit State
1. Material data
Page No. 116 of 117

Min. % of reinf. as per IRC:78-2014 = 0.40 %
As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed Moeqp = BM in SLSMoed = BM in ULS
h0 = 2*Ac/u 600 mm φRH = 1.36
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.854
So, φef = 1.85 So , A = 0.730
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.38 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.447 C= 0.7

nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 1.85

Case1 3450.00 138.00 0.20 31.79 1.00 0.254 875.64 930.8
Case 2 339.14 2817.25 0.02 101.38 1.00 0.000 0.00 2817.2
d' = 107 mm d'/D = 0.089

Pt = 1.603 % Pt/fck = 0.046

N Ed (kN) Check
Case1 3450.00 0.068 0.072 4380.3 > 930.84 O.K. 3449
Case 2 339.14 0.044 0.063 3814.0 > 2817.25 O.K. 997
Hence Section of column is O.K. in ULS case1.603

for % long reinforcement

14 Nos. 25 T and Lateral ties 10 T @ 150 c/c
Page No. 117 of 117

Design of Substructure

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Design of Substructure

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DESIGN OF

Detailed Design of Abutment & Foundation

1.5 Foundation dimension

f) Grade of concrete of pile foundation M35

g) Grade of steel Fe500

1.6 Seismic Forces Seismic Zone Zone III

1.750 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.750

Abutment cap 0.90

12.300 Pile Cap 1.80

1200 dia pile

Elevation of abutment, abutment cap along Transverse direction

1200 dia pile

Elevation of Pier cap, Pier along Longitudinal direction

1.750 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.750

2.0 Load calculation

2.1.2 Self weight of substructure

2.2 Super Impose Dead Load from superstructure

2.4 Vehicular Live Load from superstructure

2.5 Wind Load on structure

2.6 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

2.7 Earth pressure calculation

Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top 0.297x1.2x19xcos(0.35) = 6.370 kN/m2

Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case Ka

Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case Ka

Surcharge = 1.2xγsoil = 22.80 kN/m2

3.0 Live load calculation at normal case

3.1 MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

Rc (free bearing)= 1225+0-1,051.74 = 173.3 KN

Rc (free bearing)= 857.5+0.00 - 809.106 = 48.39 KN

(c) 2 lane Class A Loading

3.2 Summary of Live load Live Loads - Normal case

3.3 Live load calculation at Seismic case

3.3.1 MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

Rc (free bearing)= 245+0-210.35 = 34.7 KN

(b) Class 70R Tracked Loading

Rc (free bearing)= 171.5+0.00 - 161.822 = 9.68 KN

(c) 2 lane Class A Loading

SUMMARY OF LIVE LOADS & MOMENTS

3.4 Summary of Live load Live Loads - seismic case

b) Wind load on Substructure

5.2 Wind load on loaded structure

5.4 Seismic Forces

5.5 Seismic - Longitudinal/Tranverse Direction

a) Normal Case with 0O to Normal

b) Normal Case with 20 O to Normal HFL

Depth of pile cap = 1.800 m

c) Seismic Case with 0O to Normal

Depth of pile cap = 1.800 m

d) Seismic Case with 20 O to Normal HFL

Depth of pile cap = 1.800 m

ii) Longitudinal Force 1.64 372.48

Depth of pile cap = 1.800 m

Abutment cap 0.90

12.300 Pile Cap 1.80

1200 dia pile

1200 dia pile

Wt of each Pedestal 11.25 0 0 0.295 0 3.32 0

3 Earth Pressure UDL (kN/m)

4 Live load surcharge

5 Live Load Rivet theory is applied to calculate Live load reaction.

7.2.2 Servicibility limit State

Moment diagram of abutment cap

7.3.2 Check for ultimate strength of Abutment cap :-