Integrate the system elements to find

out the parameters of

a) Current Transformer (100/5A, 60/5A) for the
measurement of high value current.
b) Current transformer by varying its turn ratio.

Electric Power Transmission

Engr. Waqas Ahmed
Program Learning Outcomes

This Lab is designed in conjunction with the following

PLOs.

PLO-1: Engineering Knowledge:

An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals and an engineering specialization
to the solution of complex engineering problems.
 Program Learning Outcomes
PLO-9: Individual and Team Work:
Students will be able to work effectively, as an individual or in a
team, on multifaceted and/or multidisciplinary settings.
PLO-10: Communications:
An ability to communicate effectively, orally as well as in writing
on complex engineering activities with the engineering community
and with society at large, such as being able to comprehend and
write effective reports and design documentations, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
Course Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of this Lab, students will be

able to:
CLO-4. To record data related to experiment performed
during conduction of lab experiment.

CLO-5. To explain lab experiments performed containing

procedure, conclusion and comments.
Course Learning Outcomes

CLO-6:- To demonstrate the components of power

transmission system and their functionalities by working in a
team or as an individual.
CLO-7:- To integrate different models of transmission lines
in lab experiment as a team or as an individual.
CLO-8:- To relate (verbally and in writing) the subject
knowledge based on lab experiments performed.
Mapping of CLOs to PLO
Program Learning Course Learning Outcome
Outcome
PLO-1 CLO-4

PLO-1 CLO-5

PLO-9 CLO-6

PLO-9 CLO-7

PLO-10 CLO-8
 Instrument Transformer
A transformer that is intended to reproduce in its secondary circuit,
in a definite and known proportion, the current or voltage of its
primary circuit with the phase relations substantially preserved.

The name instrument transformer is a general classification applied

to current and voltage devices used to change currents and voltages
from one magnitude to another or to perform an isolating function,
that is, to isolate the utilization current or voltage from the supply
voltage for safety to both the operator and the end device in use
 Instrument Transformer
An instrument transformer that is intended to have its primary winding
connected in series with the conductor carrying the current to be
measured or controlled

In window-type current transformers, the primary winding is provided

by the line conductor and is not an integral part of the transformer.

Current transformers take a high current and reduce it to typically 5

amps on the secondary winding so that it can be used with a watthour
meter, ammeter, or protection relay.
Current Transformer
 Construction Features
Current transformers are constructed in various ways. One method
is quite similar to that of the potential transformer in that there are
two separate windings on a magnetic steel core.

But it differs in that the primary winding consists of a few turns of

heavy wire capable of carrying the full load current while the
secondary winding consists of many turns of smaller wire with a
current carrying capacity of between 5/20 amperes, dependent on
the design. This is called the wound type due to its wound primary
coil
 Construction Features
Another very common type of construction is the so-called
“window,” “through” or donut type current transformer in
which the core has an opening through which the conductor
carrying the primary load current is passed

This primary conductor constitutes the primary winding of the

CT (one pass through the “window” represents a one turn
primary), and must be large enough in cross section to carry the
maximum current of the load.
Types of Current Transformer
Rating and Ratio
The rating of an instrument transfer is expressed by two
groups of numbers representing the nominal current or
voltage which may be applied to its primary winding and the
current or voltage which would then be induced in its
secondary winding.
For example, a designation of 400:5 amperes express the
rating of a current transformer and means that when 400
amperes flow through the primary, 5 amperes will flow
through the secondary
Rating and Ratio

The ratio of an instrument transformer is the relationship

of its primary rating to its secondary rating. For example,
the current transformer having a rating of 400:5 amperes
will have a ratio of 80:1.
Connections
CT’s with wound primaries always have their primary windings
connected in series with the line and the load and their secondary
windings connected to the burden (the watthour meter current coil)
How to Modify the Turn Ratio of Current
Transformer
Modification of current transformer’s turn ratio can
be done if number of loops of main wire are
increased from one
How to Modify the Turn Ratio of Current
Transformer
Precaution

Never open the secondary circuit of current transformer

while current is flowing in the primary circuit.
Lab Experiment
Question & Answer