Temperature Controlled

Automatic DC Fan
Group Members:
Asad SAEED (UW-17-EE-BSC-078)
Maria Ambreen (UW-17-EE-BSC-080)
Contents:
INTRODUCTION
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
THERMISTOR BEHAVIOUR
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING
ADVANTAGES
APPLICATIONS
RESULT
Introduction:

 Temperature controlled DC fan is a temperature

based fan.
It can cool the devices by operating a DC fan when
the temperature in its vicinity increases above the
preset level.
Its operation is fully automatic and turns off when
the temperature returns normal.
Components Required:
Resistors (4.7kΩ)
Op Amp (LM 358)
Transistor (BC 548)
5V DC Motor
9V DC Battery
NTC Thermistor (4.7k Ω)
Potentiometer (4.7k Ω)
 5V DC Motor 4.7k NTC

4.7k Resistor 9V Battery Op Amp LM 358 Potentiometer

S.No. Component Specification Quantity

1 Thermistor 4.7k 1

2 Resistors 4.7k 2

3 Potentiometer 4.7k 1

4 Op Amp LM358 1

5 Transistor BC 548 1

6 Motor 9V 1

7 Battery 9V 1
LM 358 Op amp is used as a Voltage Comparator,
it compares two input voltages at pins 2 & 3.
The output of LM 358 collects at pin1.

BC 548 Transistor is used as a Switch to

control Fan.
BC 548 is a NPN transistor

5V DC motor is used to run the Fan.

Thermistor Behaviour:

Thermistor is a Resistor whose

resistance varies with respect
to Temperature.
Negative Temperature
Coefficient(NTC) Thermistor,
resistance Decreases as
temperature rises.
Circuit Diagram:
WORKING:
The basic working principle of temperature
controlled dc fan is based on the thermistor.
LM 358 compares the voltage across the NTC
thermistor and voltage across the 4.7k Ω resistor.
At room temperature the voltage across the NTC
will be greater than or equals to the voltage
across the 4.7k Ω resistor. So the Op Amp output
will be either negative or zero voltage which can
not turn ON the Transistor.
If the temperature rises above the preset value, it
leads to decrement of Thermistor resistance and
voltage across it.
Then if this voltage lesser than the voltage across
4.7k Ω resistor, the output of Op Amp will be
positive voltage which can turn ON the Transistor.
When transistor turns ON, the motor(FAN) will be
connected across the DC supply and starts to
rotate.
The motor will be turns OFF when the
temperature returns back to room temperature.
At Room Temperature:
Above Room Temperature:
Advantages:
It is very economical and easy to handle.
Motor fan runs automatically, so that it controls
the temperature without using it manually.
It is very easy to install at heat dissipating
devices to cool down them.
Saves the energy by turns OFF the motor fan
at normal or low temperature automatically.
Applications:
Temperature Controlled Fan can be used to
control the temperature of devices, rooms,
electronic components etc. by monitoring the
temperature.
The circuit can be used for Car Engine to
reduce the heat.
Cooling Pads in personal computers.
Result:

 The electric fan operates automatically

according to temperature rises in order to
compensate the rise in the temperature and
turns off when the temperature returns back
to the norml temperature.