MSC-BOTANY,Model Questions

LONG QUESTIONS

1. Describe the external morphology and the sporophyte of Osmunda. (2072

second)

2. Give a generalized account of origin and evolution of pteridophytes. (2072

second) Or
Osmunda is an intermediate between leptosporangiate and eusporangiate fern.
Comment upon the statement.

3. Describe the vegetative and the sporophyte of Psilotum and differentiate it from
Tmesipteris. (2072 first)

4. Give general characters of pteridophtes. In what way they are similar to and
different from bryophyte? (2072 first) Or
Write a comparative account of the cone of Ophioglossum , Botrychium and
Helminthostachys.

5. What is the basis for classification of Pteridophytes? Give a general account of

any one classification system you know. Also give the characters of major group
up to classes. (2071 first)

6. Give general characters of pteridophytes. In what way they are similar to and
different from bryophytes. (2071 first) Or
Give a generalized account of the structure of vegetative and reproductive parts in
Psilotum.

7. Describe the soral organization and evolution in ferns. (2072 final)

8. Give a generalized account of origin and evolution of Pteridophyte. (2072 final)

9. Describe the structure of leaf of Salvinia and compare it with that of Marsilea.
(2072 final) Or
Describe the vegetative and sporophyte of Psilotum and differentiate it from
Tmesipteris.

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MSC-BOTANY,Model Questions

SHORT QUESTIONS

1. Describe briefly the anatomy of root in Marsilea. (2072 second)

2. Give a concise account of morphological characters of Lepidodendron. (2072

second) Or
Write a note on heterospory in pteridophytes.

3. Describe briefly the anatomy of rhizome of Botrychium. (2072 first)

4. Give a concise account of morphological characters of Asteroxylon. (2072 first)

5. How are the most primitive land plants related to other pteridophytes? Give a
concise account of their affinity with other group of pteridophyte. (2072 first)
Or
Psilotales are morphologically similar to Psilophytales but recent phylogenetic
classification system keeps them in Pteropsida along with ferns. What are the
common features they share among themselves?

6. How do different factors determine the sexuality of gametophytes in

pteridophytes? Describe in brief. (2072 first)
Or
Which features of pteridophytes make them ideal colonizers of the disturbed
habitats.

7. What do you mean by the term stele? Give a brief account of the range of steles
found in Lycopodium. (2071 first)

8. Give a concise account of morphological characters of Zoosterophyllaceae .

How are they related to Lycophytes? (2071 first)

9. How did the most primitive land plants look like? Give a concise account of
their morphological features. (2071 first)
Or
Psilotales are morphologically similar to Psilophytales, but recent phylogenetic
classification system keep them in Pteropsida along with ferns. What are the
common features they share among themselves?

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MSC-BOTANY,Model Questions

10. Psilophytes (Trimerophytes) are more advanced than the Rhyniophytes, and
are believed to have evolved from latter. In which morphological characters they
show superiority over Rhyniophytes? (2071 first)
Or
Lycopodium sense lato is nowadays divided into three different genera
Lycpodiella, Huperzia and Lycopodium . Give a concise account of the
morphological characters of these three genera.

11. What is the main character which shows that Osmunda shows resemblance
with leptosporangiate ferns? (2072 final)

12. Give an account of the sporocarp of Marsilea. (2072 final)

13. Describe briefly the anatomy of rhizome in Ophioglossum. (2072 final)

14. What are the characteristics of sporangium of Isoetes.(2072 final)

15. Comment upon the statement ”Selaginella is heterosporous plant”. (2072 final)
Or
Give a brief account of Stelar variation in the stem of Lycopodium.

16. How are the most primitive land plants related to other pteridophytes? Give a
concise account of their affinities with other groups of pteridophytes. (2072 final)
Or
Psilotales are morphologically similar to Psilophytales, but recent phylogenetic
classification system keep them in Pteropsida along with ferns. What are the
common features they share among themselves?

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MSC-BOTANY,Model Questions

Institute of Science & Technology

Tribhuvan University
Dean's Office
Semester Examination 2071
Model Question
Semester: First Full Marks: 30
Subject: Pteridophyte (Bot. 517) Pass Marks: 15
Time: 2 hrs.

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as
practicable. Figures in the margin indicate the full marks.

Attempt all questions

1. What are the general bases for the classification of pteridophytes. Give an
outline classification of pteridophytes (any one) and also give characteristiscs
of different taxa up to classes (divisions). 5.0
2. Give a detailed account of reproduction in Selaginella. 5.0
3. Give general characters of Marattiales. How do they act as connecting link
between eusporangiate and leptosporangiate ferns? 5.0
Or
Give an account of external and internal structures of vegetative structures in
Marsilea.
4. Why are Rhyniales considered the most primitive land plants? 2.5
5. Give general characters of Psilotales. How would you justify their placement in
Pteropsida? 2.5
6. Heterospory is a first step towards the development of seed habit. Justify the
statement. 2.5
7. Give a concise account of soral structures found in ferns. 2.5
8. What are the main reasons for the resilience of pteridophyte communities to
human disturbance? 2.5
Or
Give a brief account of distribution of Pteridophytes in Nepal.
9. Which factors affect the expression of sexuality in fern gametophytes and How?
2.5
Or
Give a concise account of gametophytes in Lycopodium.

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