Makalah Bahasa Inggris Tentang Gerund

Nama Anggota Kelompok :

 Angie
 Kelvin Hendriyandi
 Hansen
 Adam Jonathan
 Daniel Christanto
 Dewa Ramadhan
 Putra Wijaya
 Yogi Setiawan
PREFACE

Praise and Gratitude I prayed Presence of Allah Almighty has given the opportunity to complete this
paper thus completed in a timely manner .

My thanks also to the mother Melly Siska Suryani, S.S., M.Hum as lecturer TEOIC Preparation course
that has guided and taught diligently so that we require to understand each material .

Final words I hope this paper useful to the readers , and especially my own.

PREFACE

CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Problem

CAHPTER II

DISCUSSION

GERUND

Examples of Gerunds

The gerund as the subject of the sentence

The gerund as the complement of the verb 'to be'

The gerund after prepositions

The gerund after phrasal verbs

The gerund in compound nouns

The gerund after some expressions

EXAMPLE OF QUESTION

CHAPTER III

FINALITY

3.1 CONCLUSION

3.2 SUGGESTION

REFERENCES
CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 Introduction

My aim in writing about the gerund is to further increase the knowledge and remind me and the
reader back to the language of the call phrase or phrases which are a group or a set of words that
consist of two or more words , but in the form or structure does not have a subject ( people or
things) and does not have a title or an activity of the perpetrator , but it serves to build or establish a
statement that is considered complete and to add information to a sense of a sentence . While the
gerund is a verb form of the first verb ( infinitive ) who once got into a noun suffix -ing . Hopefully
this paper useful for myself and the readers .

1.2 Problem

a. Waht is a gerund?

b. What example sentences gerund?

CAHPTER II

DISCUSSION

GERUND

Although the term might sound foreign, the gerund is a common part of speech that most of us use
every day, whether we know it or not. Here, we’ll take an in-depth look at gerunds and provide you
with several examples of gerunds so you’ll feel comfortable using them in your writing, and so that
you will be able to recognize them when you see them.

In traditional grammars of English, the term gerund is used to label an important use of the form of
the verb ending in -ing (for details of its formation and spelling, see English verbs). Other important
uses are termed participle (used adjectivally or adverbially), and as a pure verbal noun.

An -ing form is termed gerund when it behaves as a verb within a clause (so that it may be modified
by an adverb or have an object); but the resulting clause as a whole (sometimes consisting of only
one word, the gerund itself) functions as a noun within the larger sentence.

For example, consider the sentence "Eating this cake is easy." Here, the gerund is the verb eating,
which takes an object this cake. The entire clause eating this cake is then used as a noun, which in
this case serves as the subject of the larger sentence.

Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns. They’re very easy to spot, since
every gerund is a verb with ing tacked to its tail. There are no exceptions to this rule.
Like all things grammar, gerunds do take a tiny bit of detective work to spot. The problem here is
that present participles also end with the letters ing. Besides being able to spot gerunds, you should
be able to tell the difference between a gerund and a present participle.

Let’s go back to the definition of a gerund for a moment. Remember that gerunds are words that are
formed with verbs but act as nouns. Present participles do not act as nouns. Instead, they act as
modifiers or complete progressive verbs. To find gerunds in sentences, just look for a verb + ing that
is used as a noun. It’s that simple.

Examples of Gerunds

As you read these examples of gerunds, notice the verbs they contain, and notice that every single
one of them ends in ing. By the end of this quick lesson, you’ll have no problem recognizing gerunds
when you see them.

1. Swimming in the ocean has been Sharon’s passion since she was five years old.

2. Let’s go dancing at the club tonight.

3. I’ve been dreaming of summer all winter long.

4. Holly decided that flying above the clouds was the most incredible experience she’d ever
had.

5. Bill avoided doing his math assignment because the World Series was on.

The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the
difference between the two. The gerund always has the same function as a noun (although it looks
like a verb). Some uses of the gerund are covered on this page. A separate page deals with verbs that
are followed by the gerund.

The gerund as the subject of the sentence

Examples

• Eating people is wrong.

• Hunting tigers is dangerous.

• Flying makes me nervous.

• Brushing your teeth is important.

The gerund as the complement of the verb 'to be'

Examples

• One of his duties is attending meetings.

• The hardest thing about learning English is understanding the gerund.

• One of life's pleasures is having breakfast in bed.

The gerund after prepositions

The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition. This is also true of certain
expressions ending in a preposition, for example the expressions in spite of & there's no point in.

Examples

• Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?

• She is good at painting.

• She avoided him by walking on the opposite side of the road.

• We arrived in Madrid after driving all night.

• My father decided against postponing his trip to Hungary.

• There's no point in waiting.

• In spite of missing the train, we arrived on time.

The gerund after phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are composed of a verb + preposition or adverb.

Examples

• When will you give up smoking?

• She always puts off going to the dentist.

• He kept on asking for money.

• Jim ended up buying a new TV after his old one broke.

There are some phrasal verbs that include the word "to" as a preposition for example to look
forward to, to take to, to be accustomed to, to get around to, & to be used to. It is important to
recognise that the word "to" is a preposition in these cases because it must be followed by a gerund.
It is not part of the infinitive form of the verb. You can check whether "to" is a preposition or part of
the infinitive. If you can put the pronoun "it" after the word "to" and form a meaningful sentence,
then the word "to" is a preposition and must be followed by a gerund.

Examples

• I look forward to hearing from you soon.

• I look forward to it.

• I am used to waiting for buses.

• I am used to it.

• She didn't really take to studying English.

• She didn't really take to it.

• When will you get around to mowing the grass?

• When will you get around to it?

The gerund in compound nouns

In compound nouns using the gerund, it is clear that the meaning is that of a noun, not of a
continuous verb. For example, with the word "swimming pool" it is a pool for swimming in, it is not a
pool that is swimming.

Examples

• I am giving Sally a driving lesson.

• They have a swimming pool in their back yard.

• I bought some new running shoes.

The gerund after some expressions

The gerund is necessary after the expressions can't help, can't stand, to be worth, & it's no use.

Examples

• She couldn't help falling in love with him.

• I can't stand being stuck in traffic jams.

• It's no use trying to escape.

• It might be worth phoning the station to check the time of the train.

EXAMPLE OF QUESTION

1. Because of the on going dispute, the politicians rests the president’s ………. for hearing the
session on a cabinet reshuffles .

a. to call

b. calls

c. called

d. calling

e. be calling

Answer : D

Discussion : BECAUSE verb taht placed taxable income possessive adjective form of " president
" Then he said use Gerung ( v - ing ).

2. According to the diet procedure , . ………….. will decrease our fat

a. tomato being eaten everyday

b. if we eat tomato everyday

c. to eat daily tomato

d. tomato to be eaten daily

e. eating tomato everyday

Answer : E

Discussion : because the answer to the need of a subject, and who meet the criteria and the subject
is "eating tomato everyday " as a verb functioned as a subject.

3. “May I find a shady spot and take a rest, mom?

“That is not a good idea my daughter, we have not stopped all the rooms of our home,
wait for a minute honey.”

a. Sweeping

b. Sweep

c. to sweep

d. Swept

e. being swept

Answer : A

Discussion : as in the sentence there is one kind of words that are included in the list must use the
gerund ( v - ing ) form of the word "stopped" even though the shape of the perfect tense , then an
answer that meets is "sweeping ".

4. My daughter has looked forward to a graduation gift from her elder brother in another country
this week

a. get

b. getting

c. be getting

d. being getting

e. got

Answer : B

Discussion : as in the sentence there is one kind of words that are included in the list must use the
gerund ( v - ing ) form of the word "s looked forward to " in spite of the perfect tense form , then an
answer that meets is "getting ".

5. “Mom, is it a good idea if I spend my holiday in Lampung for a week with my friends?”

“Sorry, I do not think so, I would advise you holiday in your grandmother’s town, my darling with us”
a. spent

b. to spend

c. will spend

d. spending

e. Spend

Answer : E

Discussion : as in the sentence there is one kind of words that are included in the list must use the
gerund ( v - ing ) form of the word " advise " although the form of the perfect tense , then an answer
that meets is " spending"

6. Our new English teacher, who be used to glasses and good looking, is Mrs. Dwi Ratnawati

a. Uses

b. Use

c. Using

d. be used

e. to use

Answer : C

Discussion : as in the sentence there is one kind of words that are included in the list must use the
gerund ( v - ing ) form of the word "be used to " even shaped the perfect tense , then an answer that
meet is "using ".

CHAPTER III

FINALITY

3.1 CONCLUSION

Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns. They’re very easy to spot, since
every gerund is a verb with ing tacked to its tail. There are no exceptions to this rule. Like all things
grammar, gerunds do take a tiny bit of detective work to spot. The problem here is that present
participles also end with the letters ing. Besides being able to spot gerunds, you should be able to
tell the difference between a gerund and a present participle.

3.2 SUGGESTION

By studying the gerund , use the language correctly in the English language is more complete and
easier . Especially on verbs every day in use by peoples.
REFERENCES

Dra. Ade Mulyanah, Dr. Ir. Bob Foster, M.M. 2012. Kumpulan Soal dan Pembahasan Bahasa Inggris.
PT Duta. Jl. Purnawarman No. 31. Bandung

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerund

http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/gerund/