Señalista, Quennie B.

BSTM M102
Understanding Self
Instructions : Research for a sexual problem that the following may experience. Describe how it
occurs and can be treated.

SEXUAL PROBLEMS
Sexual Health is an important part of a man's life, no matter his age, civil status, or sexual orientation. It is
also an important part of a couple's foundation and contributes to the quality of life. Sexual problems in
men are very common and impact sexual health. Many problems with sexual health can be treated.
Therefore, it is important for a man to discuss these issues with a physician.
The definition of sexual dysfunction is the inability to have a satisfactory sexual relationship. This
definition depends on each person's own interpretation on what he judges satisfactory. In general, sexual
dysfunction can affect the quality of life and, even more importantly, can be the first symptom of another
medical or psychological problem. Any sexual complaint should be taken seriously and evaluated.

1. MALE

Evaluation of sexual dysfunction starts with a detailed medical, sexual, and psychological history,
followed by a thorough physical examination. The second step must not be overlooked because sexual
dysfunction can have many causes. Sometimes, the patient's partner can also contribute to the evaluation
and could provide useful information as well.

Here are some sexual problems that occurred in Men :

 Sexual desire or libido - Libido is a term that we commonly use to describe sexual drive or
desire for sexual activity. World Health Organization states that sexual health is a state of
physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality, which is a reason why
modern physicians recognize the importance of libido as one of the key indicators of general
health and quality of life.
 Treatment
 Healthier lifestyle choices. Improve your diet, get regular exercise and enough
sleep, cut down on the alcohol, and reduce stress.
 Change to a new medication, if the one you’re on is affecting your libido
 Testosterone replacement therapy
 Counseling
doctor may recommend therapy if the issue is psychological. In many cases, a low libido
points to a desire for a closer connection with your partner -- one that isn’t sexual, but
still intimate. It can help to talk through these issues with a therapist, either alone or with
your partner. If the issue is depression, antidepressants can help.
 Erection - An erection is a hardening of the penis that occurs when sponge-like tissue inside the
penis fills up with blood. Usually, an erection causes the penis to enlarge and stand away from the
body.
 What Causes Erections?
Although many erections are caused by sexual arousal, such as watching a sexy television
show or fantasizing, many erections seem to happen for no particular reason. So, if
you've had an erection in an odd or embarrassing situation — like right in the middle of a
really boring history lesson — there's no reason to worry that something is wrong with
you. Your body is just acting naturally for a guy your age.
 Prescribe medicines
 sildenafil NIH external link (Viagra)
 vardenafil NIH external link (Levitra, Staxyn)
 tadalafil NIH external link (Cialis)
 avanafil NIH external link (Stendra)
 Lifestyle changes
 quit smoking External link
 limit or stop drinking alcohol NIH external link
 increase physical activity and maintain a healthy body weight
 stop illegal drug use

 Ejaculation - Ejaculation is the expulsion of semen from the body. Premature ejaculation (PE) is
when ejaculation happens sooner than a man or his partner would like during sex.
 Treatment
 Psychological Therapy - Psychological therapy is a way to work through the
feelings and emotions that may lead to problems with sexual relationships. The
goal of this type of therapy is to learn the source of problems and find solutions
that may help PE.
 Behavioral Therapy - Behavioral therapy uses exercises to help build tolerance to
delay ejaculation. The goal is to help you train your body away from PE.
 Orgasm – Orgasmic dysfunction is a condition that occurs when someone has difficulty reaching
orgasm. This difficulty occurs even when they’re sexually aroused and there’s sufficient sexual
stimulation. When this condition occurs in women, it’s known as female orgasmic dysfunction.
Men can also experience orgasmic dysfunction, but this is much less common.
 Treatment
 treat any underlying medical conditions
 switch antidepressant medications
 have cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or sex therapy
 increase clitoral stimulation during masturbation and sexual intercourse.
Couples counseling is another popular treatment option. A counselor will help
you and your partner work through any disagreements or conflicts you may be
having. This can resolve the issues that are occurring both in the relationship and
in the bedroom.

2. FEMALE

Sexual dysfunction is a common concern shared by many women. Problems may occur during
any phase of the sexual response cycle (excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution) that prevent
 a woman from experiencing sexual satisfaction. Many women are reluctant or embarrassed to
discuss their sexual problems, but it's important to tell your doctor what you are experiencing
since most cases of female sexual dysfunction can be treated. Female sexual dysfunction may
encompass problems with desire, arousal, orgasm, hormones, or pain.

Here are some sexual problems that occurred in Women :

 Inhibited sexual desire - Lack of sexual desire or lack of interest in sex is inhibited sexual
desire. This can have many causes, including hormonal changes, certain medical conditions and
treatments, depression, pregnancy, stress, fatigue, lifestyle influences such as work stress or child
care, and even boredom with regular sexual routines.
 Treatment
 Speak with your doctor if you believe medication side effects are contributing to
your lack of desire. Changing your routine may help if lack of desire is a
problem. Having sex in new places, at different times of the day, or trying
different sexual positions may help reignite desire

 Inability to become aroused - Insufficient vaginal lubrication in women may trigger the inability
to become physically aroused during sexual activity. Problems with blood flow to the vagina and
clitoris may also affect lubrication and arousal. Lubricants may help women become aroused
more easily. If a woman is postmenopausal, estrogen cream may help as well
 Lack of orgasm (anorgasmia)- The absence of sexual climax (orgasm) is called anorgasmia.
Many factors can contribute to anorgasmia, including sexual inhibition, inexperience, or lack of
knowledge. Psychological contributors to anorgasmia may include guilt, anxiety, or a past sexual
trauma or abuse. Insufficient stimulation, drugs or medications, and chronic diseases can also
result in lack of orgasm. Kegel exercises are one potential treatment for lack of orgasm
 Painful intercourse- Painful intercourse can be a result of a number of conditions such as
endometriosis, a pelvic mass, ovarian cysts, vaginitis, poor lubrication, vaginal dryness, the
presence of scar tissue from surgery, or a sexually transmitted disease. A painful, involuntary
spasm of the muscles that surround the vaginal entrance is a condition called vaginismus that may
occur in women who fear penetration will be painful, have sexual phobias, or previous traumatic
or painful sexual experiences. Dyspareunia is pain during intercourse or other sexual activity
involving penetration or attempted penetration. Pain may be superficial or deep.

Here are some Female Sexual Problems Treatment:

Providing Education
Patient education is important to help women overcome anxiety about sexual function and
performance. Learning about sexual behaviors and normal responses may ease anxiety. Knowing
about normal anatomy, sexual function, changes that occur during aging, and changes that occur
in pregnancy and menopause may help ease a woman’s fears. Women should know they have
permission to enjoy sex and sexual experimentation
Enhancing Sexual Stimulation
It may be necessary to enhance sexual stimulation to help a woman overcome some sexual
dysfunction. Masturbation, changing your sexual routine, or use of erotic videos or books may
help. Get to know your body and what feels good to you. Tell your partner. Try different sexual
positions, have sex at different times of the day, and have sex in new places. Schedule sex and
make time and energy for the date so you won’t feel rushed or tired.
 Providing Distraction Techniques
Anxiety may be alleviated with distraction. Erotic or non-erotic fantasies can be useful. Music,
videos, or television can also distract and help women relax. Contracting and relaxing pelvic
muscles, similar to the movements one makes during Kegel exercises, can also be a distraction
technique.
Encouraging Non-Coital Behaviors
Other behaviors that do not involve intercourse such as sensual massage may help a woman feel
more comfortable with her sexuality and with intercourse, and feel less pressure and anxiety
surrounding sexual activity. Sensual massage can help a woman feel more comfortable and
communicate better with her partner.
Minimizing Pain
If sexual dysfunction is due to pain, sometimes changing sexual positions may help minimize or
eliminate the pain. Vaginal lubricants may relieve pain caused by friction, and relaxation before
intercourse (warm bath, meditation) may decrease pain responses. Avoiding deep thrusting may
help. A doctor may recommend that a woman takes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs) prior to having intercourse to minimize pain

REFERENCES:

 Stöppler MD(2019).FemaleSexualDysfunction:TreatmentforWomen'sSexual Disorders.

https://www.medicinenet.com/female_sexual_problems_pictures_slideshow/article.htm
 Zorn MD,FRCSC,FACS & Shiel Jr., MD,FACP,FACR. SexualProblemsinMen.
https://www.medicinenet.com/sexual_sex_problems_in_men/article.htm#what_are_the_types_of
_sexual_dysfunction_in_men
 Meštrović, MD, Ph.D.(2018). https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Libido.aspx
 Dowshen, MD.(2017) https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/normal-erections.html#:~:text=An
%20erection%20is%20a%20hardening,stand%20away%20from%20the%20body.
 WhatisPrematureEjaculation(2020). https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-
conditions/premature-ejaculation#:~:text=Ejaculation%20is%20the%20expulsion
%20of,premature%20climax%20or%20early%20ejaculation.
 Lue, M.D.,UniversityofCaliforniaSan Francisco.TreatmentforErectileDysfunction.
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/erectile-dysfunction/treatment
 Gibson. RevUpaLowLibido. https://www.webmd.com/men/features/revving-up-low-libido
 OrgasmicDysfunction(2018).Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/orgasmic-dysfunction